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Transmission Line 1
r = (0.3 x 25)/5
= 1.5 W
l = (2 x 25)/5
= 10 mH
c = (0.256 x 25)/ 0.2
= 32 mF
Characteristic impedance:
r + jωl
Zo =
g + jωc
1.5 + j × 2π × 50 × 10 × 10 −3
Zo =
0 + j × 2π × 50 × 32 × 10 −6
Zo = 312.5 − 149.2 j
Zo = 346.3∠ − 25.52
Zo = 18.6∠ − 12.76
Then we can find A, B, C, D parameters by
A = cosh(γL)
A = cosh(0.187 × 2)
A = 1.071∠0
B = Zo sinh(γL)
B = 18.6∠ − 12.76 × sinh(0.187 × 2)
B = 7.12∠ − 12.76
1
C= sinh(γL)
Zo
1
C= sinh(0.187 × 2)
18.6∠ − 12.76
C = 0.021∠12.76
D = A by above equation
D = cosh(0.187 × 2)
D = 1.071∠0
W= R/Z VocIoccos(ϕoc-θ)
Z=(R2 + (1/ωc)2)1/2
Z=(11.32x103)2+ (1/(8πx 10-6))
Z=41.37 kΩ
Cos(ϕoc-θ) = (5x41.37x103)/(11.32x103x75x0.9)
Cos(ϕoc-θ)=0.27
(ϕoc-θ)=cos-1(0.27)
(ϕoc-θ)=74.360
Zoc= (75V/0.9 A) ∠74.36 0
Zoc= 83.33 ∠74.36 0
Er = 0
Es = BIr
Is = DIr
E cs =B = Z cs
I cs D
50 MW
Rated current of the model = = 1.1A
3 x132kVx 200
W = Z sc I sc cos Φ
5
cos Φ = = 0.86
5.29 x1.1
Φ = 30.68 0
5.29
Z sc = ∠30.68 0 = 4.81∠30.68 0 Ω
1.1
A B
Z oc − Z sc = −
C D
Z
Z oc − Z sc = oc2
A
Z oc
A2 =
Z oc − Z sc
83.33∠74.36 0
A=
83.33∠74.36 0 − 4.81∠30.68 0
A = 1.02∠ − 1.19 0
D = 1.02∠ − 1.19 0
A
C= = 0.012∠ − 75.55 0
Z oc
B = DxZ sc = (1.02∠ − 1.19 0 ) x(4.81∠ − 30.68 0 ) = 4.91∠29.49 0
Discussion
Practical value and theoretical values are not similar. But it should be so. That error
happened due to,
• The used transmission line model did not match the actual case.
• Used capacitor banks didn’t promise the marked values.
• We used analog meters to take the readings and hence when sometimes actual reading
smaller than smaller measurements it affects to result.
• Per unit values that we calculated were not constant throughout the line.