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The purpose of this lab was to react a known mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate
(NaHCO3) with excess hydrochloric acid (HCl), calculate the mole relationship between
sodium hydrogen carbonate and sodium chloride (NaCl), predict a balanced equation for
the reaction, and determine whether the results support the law of conservation of mass-
energy. The reaction of sodium hydrogen carbonate and hydrochloric acid is illustrated
as: {NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2}. The mass of NaHCO3 is 3.254 g, but the
mass of NaCl is 12.8. These results do not support the law of conservation of mass-
energy.
During the lab, we were instructed on the procedure in using a propipette, and on
the correct usage of its three valves (Fig. 2). Furthermore, we were instructed to fill the
propipette to the calibration line marked “0” with hydrochloric acid. We were also
instructed to attach a drawing of the propipette to this report (Fig. 2). Finally, we were
reminded of the ultimate care that must always be used when handling such hazardous
chemicals as hydrochloric acid; its acidity is six times stronger than that of human
stomach acid.
Mass (g)
Empty evaporating dish 42.755
Watch glass 26.642
Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) 3.254
NaHCO3 and evaporating dish 46.009
Hydrogen chloride (NaCl) 18.8
NaCl, evaporating dish, and watch glass 88.2
Lab Questions
The purpose of this lab was to react a known mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate
(NaHCO3) with excess hydrochloric acid (HCl), calculate the mole relationship between
sodium hydrogen carbonate and sodium chloride (NaCl), predict a balanced equation for
the reaction, and determine whether the results support the law of conservation of mass-
energy. The reaction of sodium hydrogen carbonate and hydrochloric acid is illustrated
as: {NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2}. The mass of NaHCO3 is 3.254 g, but the
mass of NaCl is 12.8. These results do not support the law of conservation of mass-
energy.
The propipette was intensively studied during this lab (see Fig. 2), especially on
the usage of its three valves. The propipette is a newfound instrument for many students,
but it was an essential portion of the experiment, in measuring various chemicals, for
instance, hydrochloric acid (HCl).
During the duration of this lab, a crucial error was discovered. After the
evaporation of the moisture from the evaporating dish, the team’s respective dish could
not be identified from the other dishes. The measurements were, thus, taken of the
incorrect dish, bringing about errors in mass measurement (Fig. 1).
This lab could have been improved if it could be completed in the prescribed lab
periods, although, due to time constraints as well as safety concerns and warnings, the
extension of the experiment time may have been rather inevitable.