Raster Scan and Random Scan Systems

Raster Scan
 A Raster scan CRT works much like a
television set.
 Light occurs when an electron beam
stimulates a phosphor.
Principle of Raster Scan Systems
 In Raster scan, the electron beam from
electron gun is swept horizontally across the
phosphor.

 After each horizontal sweep the beam is

moved.

 After the bottom line is swept, the beam

returns to the top and the sweep process
begins again.
DIAGRAM

SCANLINE

HORIZONTAL
RETRACE

VERTICAL
RETRACE
 The lines numbered as 0,1,2,3,4,5..10
represent lines that the electrons beam is
“painting” on the screen from left to right.

 When the beam reaches the right side of

the bottom line, it has to move back to the
upper left corner of the screen.
 Horizontal retrace is used to refer to the
beam moving back to the left at the end of
each line.
 Vertical retrace refers to the movement
from bottom to top.
HORIZONTAL
RETRACE

VERTICAL
RETRACE
INTERLACING
 The screen is painted 60 times per second
but only half of the lines are painted per
frame.
 For example: Very odd-numbered lines,
alternating back for forth between even-
numbered and odd-numbered lines on each
pass.
 The entire screen, in two passes, is painted
30 times every second.
DIAGRAM
PROGRESSIVE SCANNING
 The alternative to interlacing is called
progressive scanning, which paints every
line on the screen 60 times per second.

 Most computer monitor use progressive

scanning because it significantly reduce
flicker.
Random Scan
 In a Random scan system, also called
vector, stoke writing, or calligraphic the
electron beam directly draws the picture.

B C

A E
F
WORKING
 Here the electron gun of a CRT illuminates
points and / or straight lines in any order.

 The display processor repeatedly reads a

variable ‘display file’ defining a sequence of
X,Y coordinates the electron gun the whole
display area is updated many times a
second from image data held in raster
memory.
Advantages of random scan:
 Very high resolution, limited only by
monitor.

 Easy animation, just draw at different

position.

 Requires little memory.

Disadvantages:
 Requires “intelligent electron beam, i.e.,
processor controlled.

 Limited screen density before have flicker,

can’t draw a complex image.

 Limited color capability

THANK YOU………