Hydrocarbon Type of Formula Example Common Name IUPAC Name

Derivatives
a. Alcohol CH3 - CH – CH3 Prefix + yl + alcohol Alkan name + ol
R - OH I Isopropyl Alcohol 2 propanol
OH
b. Aldehyde R – CHO
O CH3 – CH2 – CH2 - CHO Trivial Root + aldehyde Alkan Name + al
II Butyraldehyde Butanal
R–C-H
c. Ketone R – CO – R O
O II R = yl + ketone Alkan Name + one
II CH3 – CH – C – CH2 – CH3 Ethyl-isopropyl Ketone 2 – methyl – 3 pentanone
R – C- R I
CH3
d. Carboxylic Acid R – COOH Trivial root + ic + acid
O CH3 - COOH Acetic Acid Alkan Name + oic + acid
II Ethanoic Acid
R – C – OH
e. Amine CH3 – CH – CH2 – NH2 Prefix + yl + amine Amino + alkane name
R – NH2 I Isobutyl Amine 2 methyl – 1 – Amino
CH3 Propane
f. Ether R + yl + ether Smaller R + oxy + alkane
R–O–R CH3 – CH2 – O – CH3 Ethyl Methyl Ether Name of bigger R
Methoxy Ethane
g. Ester O R1 + yl + alkan name + oate
O II R1 + yl + trivial root + ate Methyl Butanoate
II CH3 - CH2 – CH2 – C Methyl Butyrate
R – C – O – R1 \
OCH3