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FtRE l?ROTECTfON MANUAL

PREFACE

The First Edition of this Manual was issued by the Calcutta Fire Insurance Association in 1906 and was brought up-to-date and re-issued in 1930, The third, fourth and fifth Editions were published jointly by the Insurance Associations of India and Pakistan in 191i8, 1950 and 1953 respectively to provide for the needs of the whole of the a_reas controlled by these Associations. The subsequent sixth, seventh and eighth Editions were published by the Fire Sectional Comm!ttees of Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi end t'-b.dras Regional Councils of the Insurance Associations of India. In the ninth Edition published in 1982, amendment's and additions were effected to bring the provisions in line' with current thinking on fire protection techniques and to encourage installation of fixed fire extinguishing appliances/alarm syslems in relatively ,low hazard risks on the one hand and tighten requirements for design of systems suitable for h:gh hazard risks such as Petroleum Refineries,

Petrochemical and Fertilizer Plants on the other hand, which world-wide experience has indicated. need copious

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quantities of water and other extinguishing media. In the tenth, eleventh and twelfth editions on dier! has

been made to further update and streamline the regulations.

The Manua! should prove of value to factory owners and their technical personnel when JUdling with matters

relating to fire extinguishing appliances and also constitute G handy book of reference to Insurance officials.

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The maintenance of fire extinguishing appliances in an efficient state and Iemilarisation with all details of

operations is essential if the maximum benefit is to be derived in the ernerqcncy of an outbreak of (\ fire .

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The Manual incorporates long experience of fire protection <.?;,gineering both in India end elsewhere in the world. Compliance of tl:e rules will not only obtain appropriate discount in the fire insurance premium but

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will also instill that Ieclinq of security that the presence of an efficient fire·f:ghting couiprncnt should prevent.

Direct loss from fire and the resultant wastage is always serious out the indirect loss and the resultant dislocation

of business is often much more serious.

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The Regional Offices of Tariff Advisory Committee maintain C.n inspection s,();f of qualified engin<2crs. specialists

in iire protection and prevention e"gineering and practice in all its aspects. The services of Ih;;:. staff ".:·C

available to make recommendations and carry out inspections in keeping with the nature of work (All references to Regional Offices or staff thereof in this preface and in the body of the t··bnual apply to the Regional Offices controlling· the territory within which the risk is situated).

:2

FiRe PROTECTfON tl,ANUAL

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hose reels which ere considered

as :irs(-

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aid appliances. The regulation~; regarding trailer pumps .are covered next. The last part is devoted to fixed . (

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external protection in the form of a hydrant syslem which is considered the backbone of the entire fire fighting~ I

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operations as it fights fires of serious proportions in all classes of risks and continues 10 do so even in the G i

event of a collapse of the buildings/structures protected. High-rise buildings which have become a common C. f;

these structures.

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feature of modern society present inherent fire hazard as fire brigades are often helpless in the face of fires'J in such structures and are unable to save human lives and fight fires effectively with traditional methods .. _J A separate section has therefore, been devoted for prescribing the specialised type of protection required by 0

01 In case it is desired to instal! any appliances which are nol covered by (his Manual, assistance and advice "

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may be obtained from the inspection staff maintained by the Regional Offices.

U Wherever reference to any indian Standard appears in this Manual, it should be taken as a reference to

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its latest version .

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FiRE PROTECTION ft,ANUAL

1. Requirements regarding submission of plans - - - .. -- - 5

2: Procedure [0 be followed in the cese 0f <.l(}Dlicaiion for discounts .. : 7

3. Inspection staff 10

4: Internal appliances

4.1

Hand appliances _ " _ _ _ 10

4.2 Small bore hose reels · .. · · .. ·· ··· ···· ·00 16

5. lv!echanical!y driven fire engines and trailer pumps _ 16

6. Hydrant protection for High Rise Buildings (Non-industrial) 18

7. Hydrant service 23

7.1

General : 23

7.2

Classifications of occupancies : -----.-- - __ " .. - 23

7.3 Water supply ., - _ 28

7.4

Pumps - --- _ 29

7.4.1 General : : _ 29 /'

7.4.2 Steam driven pumps , .. _ _.~~::<jG

7A.34o Electrically driven pumps "" __ __ .. __ " "."" _ :~;,~.-.' __ . 37

7.4.4 Petrol or motor spirit engine driven pumps __ , _ " 41

7.4.5 Compression Ignition Engine Driven Pumps 42

7.5

Mains - ,,, __ .. _ _ 'lG

7.6 Hydrants/fixed monitors _ , _, 50

7.7 Hose pipes and nozzles " _:JG

7.S

Foam compounds , , _ .. _ :is

7.9 Fire fighting personnel .: ~:" ''' _ " " " " :x,

7.10 Maintenance , _ _ _._ ::;S

7.10.1 Pumps " · 59

7.10.2 Mains , , - _.59

7.10.3 Hydrants .l " 60

I

7.10.4 Hose pipes and nozzles : :; ,60

- - _,.

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7.12 Special provisions for Tfwrm()I/G(lS based power plants

8.

Hydra nt protection of colton gin C111c! press Iactorics .

8.1 Reservoir 62

8.2 Pumps 62

8.3 Mains 63

8.4

Hydrants ..

8.5 Hose pipes and nozzles 6]

8.6

Fire fighting staff .

9.

MUTUAL AID SCHEME , , ..

Tables

L Effectil.l;' capacity of reservoir , " ; ; 29

2.-

Capacity for hydrant service , , ..

3.&3A. Size of pipe mains .

Appendix

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63

63

,64

Application 4{or fire extinguishing ilppli'lllCC(S) discount...... _ G6 ,

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II

Guarantee regarding fire extinguishi,1g appliances _ 67

III

Details of fire extinguishing appliances ".................................................................. ..68

IV

Certificate from insurer's Enqineer. , . ., , .

v

Fire drill register " ,., , ., , .

VI

Water pressure table : " ., , , 7(,

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., FlRE PROTECTION f0,ANUAl

5

L H.EQUiEEM_ENTS REG,6~RDIi~G SUm<ISSION OF PLA~S

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requiremenls:-

1.1 Plans shall be clear, contain all required details including scale and point of Compass and shall be dated. The Polar Geographical North is also to' be marked in the Key Plan.

1.2 Plans of new installations shall show the entire Compound; an buildings therein, with their door and window openings, and the boundary walls. Buildings under construction and future extension envisaged, shall be indicated by dolled lines. Plans of extensions to approved existing installations need not show the rest of the compound but sufficient details shall be given of the existing installations in correlation to the extension, to enable the Committee's Inspection Staff to check the plans and oHer comments.' in case of storeyed buildings, drawings submitted

. shall include plans of each story together with sectional elevations. The locations and details of fire access staircases together with the arrangements of hydrants on their landings shall also be shown. Further, a Table showing 'list of Blocks' protected as per committee's Rules should be given.

1.3

Material : Plans shall be on White paper or Ammonia paper or Fern? Prussiate paper.

1.4

Plans ShOll! ~enerally be prepared in accordance with 15:696, shall not exceed 850 x 1200 mrn in size and shall be drawn to a scale 1:500 or 1: 1000. In the case of very large compounds with more than ant risk, it is advisable to submit separate plans for each risk with q ko;,' showing the relative situation of the various risk etc. in the compounds.

1.5

Signs •

1.5.1 Pucca walls to be shown by double lines, doors and windows being clearly marked.'

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1.5.2 Iron or other non-masonry walls to be shown by a thin line and nature of Construction indicated.

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1.5.3 Perfect Party Walls to be indicated by the sign "T" at each end of the wall, or have the letters "P.P.W." alongside or across them at regular intervals and marked in distinctive colour.

D.EP.D.

F!RE PROTECT:Ot~ MANUAL

Fireproof doors

Single Fireproof Door and/or Shutter

S.ED.

Double Fireproof Doors and/or Shutters

D.ED.

1.5.5 Elevated fire service tanks to be shown hatched and their capacity and height of base above the highest roof to be stated.

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N.B. 1n case of multipurpose elevated tanks, the capacity reserved for sprinkler installation to be indicated instead of the total capacity.

1.5.6 Sky lights to be marked "Sky lights" or u S.L.",

1.5.7 Boller to be shown b)! a rectangular figure marked "Boiler".

BOILER

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1.5.8 Hydrant Mains to be shown by a red line; the diameter, length and number of pipes ,

being marked alongside and specials and reducers to be clearly indicated.

R

rn.rn. 0 LENGTHS OF -rn. EACH

1.5.9 Hydrant Heads to be shown by red circles not less than 3 rnm in diameter and marked "S.H.". Double Hydrant to be indicated by double circles and marked "D.H.".

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S.,H.

D.H.

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1.5.10 Water Monitors to be shown by a circle with an oblique arrow through it and marked 'WM'.'

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1.5.11 Cut-off valves to be marked " drawn across the mains.

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1.5.12 Sprinkler and Hydrant pumps to be clearly marked and the capacity and head to be indicated in each casco

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.1.5.13 Pump(s) suction piping to be shown dotted and diameter indicated.

PUMP . ROOM

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rn.rn. 0 SUCTION PIPE

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FIRE F ROTECf[ON f/C/UWAl

tndicated.

S . kl t " . t 'V) shown by a blue line 'he si es be' k d 1 id

1.5.15 prin er runx mains 0 V~ ,,0'O, •• ,__; LJ '" l Z mg mar e a onqsr e.

rn.rn, 0 SPK MAIN

1.5.16 Fire alarm bells to' be shown by blue circles' and marked "F A 8".

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1.5.17 Sprinklered blocks to be marked "S" ®

1.5.18 Oil, solvent, ad- ~ and other chemical tanks to be drawn to scale and SUitably marked.

1.5.19 Open storage areas to be clearly shown by hatched outlines and marked "Open Storage Site for,"

1.5.19 Electric cable(s) far the fire pump(s) to be shown in green line(s)

2. PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN THE CASE OF APPLICATION FOR DISCOUN1S:

2.0
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2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4 The sanction of discounts off insurance: premiums shall necessarily follow consideration by the ~egional Office (TAe) of all details of the risk including rnanufacturtnq processes involved and (he protective appliances to be installed in order to ensure that the Standards laid down have been fully observed. To prevent confusion or disappointment, definite rules for procedure have been laid down as follows>

Proposals for the installation of appliances shall be submitted to the Regional Office (TAC) by the Leading Office on the risk and shall comprise -

Material specifications of equipment and components of the installation i~dicating the name of manufacturers, Standards/specifications and name of approving authority if any.

In the case of internal appliances details of the areas of the various compartments, their occupation and the quantities and types of appliances proposed.

In the case of sprinkler and hydrant installation, fully dimensioned plans in duplicate as called for in Item 1.

I~ additiO~l to the above, the following details would be necessary in the case of hydrant

installatio+~. .

a (I) Drawings showing layout of the entire hydrant system incorporating type of Joints, details of Pump and its Prime Mover. Another Table giving the details of Single Headed

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(f) (g) (h) 2.2

end Double hC:l(jcQ Hycira.nfs1 Internal H}"'c':ants; Fire escape Hydrants, number of Hose Pipes (15 !<~ end 7.5 [\1 )~ngth) and 3_~anch Pipe VJlth noczlcs llLcluding lDS:S

spares, mode of distribution of those pipes and total equivalent number of H:,'drants should be included. There should be a Table showing the percentage of various Pipe diameters used in the system.

1). (Il) Typical Sectional Elevation Drawings showing the height, dimensions etc. of the stand post for Single Headed Hydrant, Double Headed Hydrant, Monitor Specifying dia of nozzle, Riser Main and landing valve of F-iser Mains of FEH, Cut-off valve chambers in Plan and Elevation should be incoiporated.

a (111) In case of Blocks having upper floors, separate upper floor plans showing the location Fire Escape Hydrants (FEH) and staircases, Sectional Elevation Drawings of the Escape Staircase; Riser Main and location of landing valve of FEH should be submitted, preferably alongwith, civil construction (Architects) drawing of Individual Blocks.

N. B. In the case of storeyed blocks, floor area of each floor, with particulars of fire proof shutters of Fire Proof Door .and nearest Machinery, Wired Glass Windows etc. to be marked.

(b) Layout of pump house showing clearly the suction, delivery and priming (if any) arrangements alongwith full scale Drawing of Pump, Motor, Diesel Engine, D,G. Control Panel, MCC for Electric Driven Pumps, Valves, etc,

Details of water storage tanks giving particular of cornpartrnentation and jackwell, details of inflow and particulars of tappings for other purposes, if any; with Water Reservoir capacity, RCC or Steel, Lined or unlined, combined Process Water or Exclusive Fire Water Reservoir should be given,

_"

Sub-station location in relation to other blocks if the pump is electrically driven. If the substation is attached to any other' Building, the details of segregation from adjoining Buildings, indicating Transformer Room, L.T., H.T.. Location of change Over switch, D. G. Room etc.

Plans of Sub-Station showing thickness of internal walls and equipment layout alongwith single line schematic diagram of the the pump from the Main substation to the 'Fire Pump Room' alongwith Tapping, Circuit Breakers and Switch Fuse Units.

Route of cable from Sub-Station to fire pump house.

Schematic circuit line diagram showing power supply inside the Fire Pump Room.

Legend explaining the various symbols used should be given.

Discounts will be carisldered only if all hand appliances and their accessories as well as all comprmp.nl<; of hydra,:I, "sprinkler and other fire protection systems are of a type and make, approved by the 'jariH Advboty CUlIllldtlt!t! •

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2.2 I'.!o discounts will be c~nslaereG. ror a spn:-u{ler or lly rant systern unless L _e samej !:a~ [)e~n

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tI;,JdraUuca Iy iestea \.I;,.Jl:, trencncs open at rcasi once Qunng L, e \__. .rse ";1 lJ1 ta: anon O)l me

Committee's Inspectorate, and found in order. Further, site engineer of the Installing contractor should maintain progress record with 'protocol' duly signed by representative of the client and him.

2.4

The prior submission of proposals to the Committee before the work is commenced, is essential, to ensure that the lnstallatlon will conform to the Committee's requirements but does not dispense with the procedure laid down hereafter for application for the sanction of discounts.

2.5 Application for discounts shall be submitted on special forms provided for the purpose by the Committee and shall comprise:

2.5.1 Application by the Leading Office (Appendix l)

2.5.2 Guarantee by the Insured (Appendix III

2.5.3 Schedule of Appliances (Signed by Insured) (Appendix Ill)

2.6 In every case, a plan of the premises prepared in accordance with the requirements indicated in 1.1 to 1.5 shall accompany any application for a. discount for fire extinguishing appliances and, in the case of sprinkler and/or hydrant installations, Installing Engineers' detailed 'As Erected' working drawings are essential.

N.B. A "Certificate of Completion" from the installing Engineers' stating the pressure tests to which. the"ins~9nation{s} has been subjected and giving the date{s) from which it was in complete working order should also be submitted. Further, Progress Record with Protocol should be duly=slqned by Client, Installing Contractor and f or Project Consultants,

2.7

Even in the case of extensions to an existing service, a complete set of forms and plants detailed in 2.5 and 2.6 above shall be submitted.

2.8

Applications which relate to discounts for appliances other than hydrants shall also be accompanied by a plan oi the premises showing the layout and distribution of appliances.

2.9

No application for discount can be entertained until the relative appliances are complete, in position, ready for use and fully operative. An appropriate discount or allowance will be sanctioned by the Committee from the date of the completed application,· (in accordance with. 2.5 and 2.6 above) subject to the appliances being found in order on inspection by the Committee's Inspectorate. In the event' of the installation being found incomplete or defective, the discount will be withheld (or withdrawn if already notified) until the defects have been rectified to the satisfaction of the Committee.

No allowance shall be made for Rre Extinguishing Appliances until notified by the Committee either by letter or circular, and then,with effect only from the date specified in such notification.

2.11 0 Discounts sanctioned solely on account of installation of internal appliances will be valid for

a period of four.years·oniy; hence fresh applications, accompanied by the report of the Engineers of the Insurance Company (as per Appendix IV ) shall be' submitted every four years.

2.10

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FiRE PROTECT[ON MANUAL

be submitted io the Co~miltee for approval.

2.13 Offices and the insured arc requested not to change block numbers as this naturally affects the Committee's records and causes confusion. If block numbers have to be changed, the Cornrnittce shall be notified at once.

2.14 Discounts sanctioned for Installation of appliances shall normally stand withdrawn in the event C

of a strike or lockout in the premises for a duration of seven days or more. Fo .. this reason, it is imperative :hat the Committee be apprised as soon as a strike or lockout is declared.

3.

COMMITTEE'S INSPECTION STAFF:

3.1

The Committee undertakes, as far as possible, the periodical inspection of all premises in which fire extinguishing appliances, entitling the risk to special discounts or ratinqs for such appliances, are installed. For this purpose, the Committee's Inspection Engineers shall have the right of access to the premises of the Insured at any time with or without giving any prior notice.

3.2

The Primary (IUty of the Inspecting Engineers is to report to the Comn;ittee on the condition and efficiency of the appliances installed as well as to ensure that the regulations are 'being " observed. ThE:'" will, however, give help and advices in the maintenance of the appliances and on matters pertaining to fire protection and prevention.

3.3

The attention of the Inspecting Engineers shall be drawn, during their visits, to any changes

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ef{fe~ted since the previous inspection or to any contemplated extensions and alterations to the existing services. This procedure does not, however. dispense with the necessity of advrsrrr8-- C the Insurance Company or Companies interested on the risk of any changes which affect the C plan of the risk or the details of the appliances recorded with Committee.

4

INTERNAL APPLIANCES:

4.0 Internal appliances generally consist of hand appliances (first aid appliances) and hose reels.

4.1 HAND APPLIANCES

4.1.1 GENERAL

4.1.1.1 Hand appliances comprise buckets and extinguishers.

4.1.1.2 All appliances including extinguisher refills and foam compound shall be in capacities indicated in the relevant Indian standards specification and shall bear lSI certification mark (Accessories including extinguisher refills shall also be lSI certified.) Buckets shall be of round bottom type.

tl,l ,1 .~ Til" \1~orlllrwo,~ of Ih"<;,, appliances is limited as it is entirely dependent upon the presence

. of .persons having knowledge La operate them. Everythlng depends, however, on the speed with which they are brought into use as they are essentially "First-Aid" equipment, only meant for attacking small fires in their incipient stages and are not Intended to deal with large outbreaks of fire.

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4.1.1.4 Since a varieiy of shapes and/or methods of operation of ke extinguishers can "t ,1",25 :220:: to confusion and as failure to operate the extinguishers properly in the first instance ,25,-,b in failure to quench ~;'e L·e, :t :s recommended that extinguishers installed in anyone c'..::::::E:-,; or single occupancy be similar in shape and appearance and have the same method of opereticr: as far as possible.

4.1.1.5 It is recommended that an indicator board showing the number of buckets and extinguishers installed in each department be provided over or near the main entrance to the departmen; This will enable the person in charge of the appliances to ascertain at a glance if any app:icnc€s are missing.

4.1.1.6 It is advisable to provide conspicuous location indicators of a suitable type for all extinsu:s;-,e:-s. particularly those located in large compartments.

4.1.2

Selection of Hand Appliances :

4.1.2.1 Various types -of hand appliances are available but all are not equally effective on alI ki:-,6 of fires. For this reason, the.nature of contents of a building, the processes carried our ;:~2re:-, and the types of fires which may occur, shall be taken into consideration while selecting. fi:-2 appliances.

4.1.2.2 The different types of fires and appliances suitable for use on them are as under

Class of Fire

Suitable type of Appliances

A.

Fires in ordinary combustibles (wood,

Gas. expelled

water type and anti-freeze type extinguishers and water buckets

vegetable fibres rubber,

plastics, paper and the like).

B.

Fires in flammable liquids, paints,

grease, solvents and the like.

Chemical Extinguishers of Carbon Dioxide and

Dry Powder types and sand buckets.

c.

Fires in gaseous substances. under pressure including liquefied gases.

Chemical Extinguishers of Carbon Dioxide and Dry Powder types.

D.

Fires in Reactive

. Chemicals, active metals and the like.

Special type of Dry Powder Extinguishers and sand buckets

N_3_: Where energised Electrical Equipment is involved in a fire, The Non-conductivity of the extinguis:-'i:1g me~ia is of utmost importance and only extinguishers expelling dry powder or carbon-di-oxide {without r:-:2:al

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r:iRE PROTECTION'M.tU-.1UAL

horn) should be used. Once the Electrical Equipment is de-cnerqiscri., extinguishers suitable lor class a, - ,

c, may be used safely.

4.1.3 Requirements of Hand Appliances

4.1.3.1 Procedure:

The minimum number of fire extinguishers needed to protect a properly shall be determined as outline: below .-

a)

For any property, basic protection shall be appliances suitable for Class A fires, since Cle-

',-

A fires are of universal character. The number of extinguishers shall be determlned accordir- (;

to rule 4.1.3.2.

d i

For occupancies where Class B fires are anticipated, a suitable number of appliances determine-

,

by rule 4.1.3.2. shall be replaced by appliances as per table under rule 4.1.3.4.

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b)

c)

For occupancies where fires of C & D types are anticipated, the Committee may recommer:~

appropriate extinguishers.

4.1.3.?;.9;;~' 9 litre water/sand bucket shall be provided for every 100' m2• of the floor area or pe; thereof and one 9 litre water type extinguisher shall be provided to six buckets or part therer

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with a minimum of one extinguisher and two buckets per compartment of the buildinq. ....

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N.B;In the case of Cotton Gin and Press factories, the supply of hand appliances shall be doub' . that lndlcated al?oy7'

4,1.3.fB'UCkets may be dispensed with for occupancies other than Cotton Gin and Press Iactorie; provided the supply of extinguishers is one- and-a-half times that indicated above in casof Light Hazard Occupancies and double that indicated above in case of other occupancies J

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Note: For cn!egoriza_tion of occupancies refer rule 7.2.

4.1.3.4 Acceptable replacements for water buckets and water type extinguishers in occupancies wher" ~

Class B fires are anticipated.

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Buckets' of Water

Water type Extinguishers

Acceptable Replacements

For One' bucket

For Three buckets

For each 9 Litres Extinguisher

Dry Sand 1 bucket 3 buckets
Carbon Dioxide Exfinqulshers 3 Kg. 9 Kg. 9 Kg.
(IS:2878) (In not Jess than 2 Extinguishers)
Dry Powder Extinguishers 2 Kg. 5 Kg. 5 Kg.
(IS:2171) (In one or more Extinquishersl /, I Ji I,

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Note : Any combination of. th.e various appliances referred to above may be employed.

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Li.l.3.5

4.1.3.5.1 For rooms containing electrical transformers, switchqcars, motors and/or of electrical apparatus only, not less than two 2 Kg. Dry Powder or Carbon Dioxide type extinguishers shall be provided within 15m of the apparatcs,

4.1.3.5.2 Where motors and/or other electrical equipment arc installed in rooms other than those containing such equipment o,!ly, one 5 Kg. Dry Powder or Carbon Dioxide Extinguisher shall be installed within 15M of such equipment in addition to the requirements of rules 4.1.3.2 and 4.1.3.4. For this purpose, the same extinguisher may be deemed to afford protection to all apparatus within 15m thereof.

4.1.3.5.3 Where electrical motors are installed on platforms, one 2 Kg. Dry Powder or Carbon Dioxide type Extinguisher shall be provided on or below each platform.

"

In the case of a long platform with a number of motors, one extinguisher shall be accepted as adequate for every three motors on the common platform.

N.B The above requirement will be in addition to the requirements of rules 4.1.3.2 and 4.1.3.4.

4.1.3.6

If in the premises, fires of Class C and D are also likely to occur, the appropriate extinguishers and the number of such extinguishers will be decided by the Committee, in view of the special nature of occupancies.

4.1.3.7 . lJnt:i~~r .special conditions, wheeled type extingutshers may be installed with the prior approval 0:

the Commjjtee.

4.1.3.8 The appliances shall be so distributed ~ver the entire floor area, that a person has to travel not

.r more than 15 m. to reach the nearest appliance.

ExamPl;lthe following example will illustrate the method of determining the number of fire extinguishers ! required to give adequate protection for a given property.

Risk Light Engineering Workshop (Light Hazard). Area 315m x 112m. i.e. 35,300 m2.

Types of Fires:

(il Class 'f\ fire due to normal combustibles.

(Ii] Class 'E' fire due to existence of -Spray Painting process and storage of flammable liquids.

Number of appliances :

(i) Basic "Protection 353Buckets and

59 Water type Extinguishers

OR

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90 Water type Extinguishers, if buckets are dispensed with:

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FlRE PROTECTION MANUAL

Extinguishers is :

Water type

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Dry Powder type

4.1.4.1

t].1 A Selection of Sites for the Installation of Hand Appliances :

Total

4.1.4.2

4.1.4.3

When se!ecting sites for hand appliances 'due consideration shuJI be 2iven to the nature of the risk to be covered. Appliances shall be placed in conspicuous positions and shall be readily accessible for immediate use in all parts of the occupancy. It should always be borne in mind whi!e selecting sites that hand appliances are int";nded only for use on incipient fires and their value may be negligible.H the fire is not extinguished or brought under control in the early stages.

Generally, hand appliances shall be placed as near as possible to exits cr staircase landings. Wherever possible, advantage shall be taken of normal routes of escape tTl placing appliances in positions where they can readily be seen by persons following the natural impulse to get out of danger. It is not advisable to place appliances at the encs of rooms remote from exits unless they are necessary to cover a particular hazard there.

Buckets shall be placed at convenient and easily accessible locations either on hangers or on stands. In the case of textile mills, it is strongly advised that a bucket be slung a't the end of each spinning and roving frame.

4.1.5,1

4.1.5 Maintenance of Hand Appliances

General

4.1.5.2

4.1.5.1.1 It is important that hand appliances are always kept in their proper positions and if temporarily removed for repairs, are immediately replaced. In order to ensure this, all concerns shall arrange to provide at least one man, preferably a pump man, whose duly is to see that the fire buckets are filled with water and the extinguishers are in efficient working order and that all appliances 'are in their correct positions.

4.1.5.1.2 It.!,S recommended that in case the paint of any hand .appliance gets chipped off or gets faded, it shall be repainted to prevent it from rust and corrosion.

Buckets:

4.1.5.2.1 Fire buckets shall not be used for 'any purpose other than that for which they are intended, and shall always be kept full of water/sand.

4.1.5.2.2 To prevent breeding 9£ mosquitoes and to comply with rules of local bodies, the water in fire buckets shall be refilled· every week and treated with sapon creosote or phenyle in suitable quantities to just discolour the water.

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4.1.5.2.4 Spare buckets to the extent of 10% of the total number installed on the premises, subject to a maximum of 50, shall always be kept ill store.

4.1.5.3

Extinguishers :

4.1.5.3.1 Spare charges to the extent of 10% of the total number of extinguishers installed, with a minimum of two shall always be kept in stock for each lype of extinguisher and be readily available.

4.1.5.3.2 Once a week, the extinguisher shall be checked to ensure that all movable parts are working properly, that the plunger is in fully extended position, that the nozzle is not obstructed in any way and that there is no leakage of the extinguishing medium from lhe glands and nozzles. The extinguishers shall be cleaned superficially and lhe brass parts polished. The nozzle outlet and vent holes in the threaded portion of the cap shall be checked for clogging.

4.1.5.3.3 Once a month, extinguishers of the Carbon [)ioxide type shall be weighed.

If the. weight recorded for any extinguisher is less than 90 per cent of the weight of the fully charged extinguisher as marked on the body, the extinguisher shall be sent for recharging.

4.1.5.3.4

Half the total number of water type extinguishers and one-fifth of the total number of Dry Powder Extinguishers installed in the premises sha!l be subjected to an operation test annually. Advantage shall be taken of this test to impart training in the use of extinguishers, to the staff employed on the premises where the extinguishers are located.

N .B. Exrlnqulshers which have been used in a fire during a period of six months preceding the tests, need not be taken for testing.

4.1.5.3.5 Ex.tinguishers installed in the premises shall be subjected to a hydraulic test as specified in I5:2190 and at such intervals as laid down therein. Extinguishers found leaking or distorted shall be rejected, Under no circumstances shall such extinguishers be welded and reused.

N.B. The hydraulic test shan be certified by the manufacturer(s) of the appliance(s) or the factory Chief Engineer or the Factory Fire or Safety Officer or the service contractors.

4.1.5.3.6 A record of the operation and hydraulic tests shall be maintained, which shall be open to examination by the Committee's inspection staff.

4.1.5.3.7 The operating instructions of the extinguishers shall not be defaced or obliterated.

In case the operating instructions are obliterated or have become illegible due to ~sage of time, fresh transfers of the same shall be obtained from the manufacturers of the appliances and affixed to the extinguishers.

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.1-.2

Reels :

is scr: 0: protection is "of deemed SL!i'"2Qie for buildings/compartments containing electrical apparatus only or in respect of buildings/compartments in which flammable liquids are stored and/or used")

4.2.1 Hose reels shall normally be connected to the general water supply pipelines of the plant/ premises.

4.2.2 The number and distribution of hose re=ls shall be such that the whole of each floor is protected and that no part of the floor is more than 6 m. distant from a hose nozzle when thz hose is fully extended.

4.2.3 The hose reel shall be such as\I~'ili enable not less than 22.5 litres of water to be discharged per minute through " nozzle 0: not more than 6.35 rnrn. Internal diameter.

4.2.4 Hose shall be of reinforced rubber not less than 19 mm. and not more than 32 mm. internal diameter.

4.2.5 Hose lengths shal! not exceed 36.50m.

5.

MECHANICALLY DRIVEN FIRE ENGINES AND TRAILER PUMPS:

5.1 Application:

5.1.1 This method ,)[ protection will be accepted on its own merits for the..protection of blocks/facilities (other than open storage} in light and ordinary hazard occupancies. Even in these occupancies buildings which have the highest point of the roof not exceeding 20 metres shall only be deemed to be protected.

5.1,2 'for effective application, mobile engines and/or trailer pumps shall be sited at convenient locations from where they can be speedily moved to any portion of the compound in the event of a fire and for this purpose adequate vehicular arranqernents shall be available ror towing trailer pumps.

5.2 Personnel:

In order to qualify for recognition, a fire fighting squad in accordance with rules 7.9.1 to 7.9.10 shall be maintained on the premises round the clock.

5.3 Equipment:

5.3.1' Trailer pumps and motor fire engines shall comply with the relevant Indian Standards Specification or equivalent foreign specification and carry the requisite number and type of fittings and accessories specified in such standards. Besides, each trailer pump shall be provided with 12 lengths of 15 m. long hose pipes of 63 mm. diameter and 6 branch pipes with nozzles of 18 mm. diameter. For each motor fire engine, 18 hose pipes each 15 m long and 63 mm diameter and nozzles of 18 rnrn shall be provided alongwith 9 branch pipes.

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30 litres per second at 5.6 kg./cm2, ,,','

Motor Fire Engines

30 litres per second at 7 kg.!cm2•

5.3.3 The number of appliances required shaH not be less than that laid down hereunder:-

(a)

Light Hazard Occupancies

1 trailer pump for every 7000 m2 of total built up area of protected process and storage blocks subject to a maximum of 3,

(b)

Ordinary Hazard

1 trailer pump for every 5000 m2 of total built up area of protected process and storage blocks subjec ~ to a maximum of 4.

N.B.

One motor fire engine could be provided as a substitute for ,two trailer pumps, Portable fire pump sets (1100-1600 lprnl can also be accepted treating two such units as equivalent to one trailer pump of 1800 Ipm provided these sets conform to IS: 12717 ·1989,

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5.3.4

For storeyed structures, iii cdditicn to the trailer pumps and/or motor fire engines, dry risers of size conforming to N.B. 4 under rule 7.5.10 shall be installed \vith hydrant outlets at each floor level and double male instantaneous inlets at ground level to serve as connections for the trailer pumps in the event of afire, The hydrants for the upper floors shall be installed on landings of access staircases complying with rule 7.6.15 and a hose box containing two lengths of hose of 7.5 m. each and one nozzle

•

shall be provided alongside each of the upper floor hydrants. The number of risers

per building and correspondingly the number of access staircases shall depend on the floor area of upper storeys and for this purpose the requirement of rule 7.6.15 shall apply .

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N.B. Where it is not possible to fully comply with the provisions of rule 7.6.15, reference shall be made to the Committee.

5.4 Water Supply :

5.4.1 The water supply to be drawn upon by trailer pumps or motor fire engines, shall be available in static tanks of at least 45,000 litres capacity so located that no part of a protected building lies beyond 100 m. of the tank(s).

NoB. (1)

In the case of storeyed buildings, the tank shall not be more than SO m. from any part of the building.

Provision shall be made for indicating the capacity of the tanks for various depths.

N.B. (2)

5.4.2 One static tank shall be provided for buildings with light hazard occupancy and two for buildings with q!'dinary hazard occupancy. (Tank shall be so located as to give

easy access to the \Rre Brigade.) , '

--' --~t..R __ ,_TI,<> '''mp. tankts) shall be C;~~~idi:!!~d as the source of water supply for all detached buildings

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FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

of fnf' butkiing(sj

lies beyond lOO m,

of the iZ!nk. The above distance shan

S.4.3 Double - headed hydrants or water plugs of 100 mrn. diameter filled to the pressurised general water service main of the premises may be considered as an alternative to static tank provided that :

(a) The water-pressure constantly maintained in the main is not less than 0.7 kg.! cm2•

(b) The size of the main is at least 100 mm.

(c) For light hazard occupancy, one double headed hydrant or one 100 mm. water plug is so located that no part of the building is beyond 100 m. thereof. For ordinary hazard occupancy, two double headed hydrants or two 100 mm. water plugs are located as above.

N.8. ln the case of storeyed buildings, the above distance shall be reduced to 50 m.

(d) The pumping capacity of the general water supply is not less than the aggregate pumping capacity of' the trailer pumps and/or motor fire engines.

(e) The storage of general water supply is in excess of 1,00,000 lilres.

6. HYDRANT PROTECTION FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS (NON-INDUSTRIAL)

6.1 Introduction

6.1:'\ A building, the highest floor of which is more than 22 m above the surrounding pavement level, shall be considered as a high rise building.

6.1.2 The rules are applicable to all types of buildings with non-industrial occupancies such as Residential Hotels, Mercantile! Business/Office buildings, apartments etc.

6.1.3 In case of Buildings situated in sloping terrain, reference shall be made to the Committee in advance with full particulars.

6.2 Hydrant Protection (at ground or yard levels)

6.2.1. The ground level protection with hydrants on terminal mains will be acceptable, provided, the plinth area of the building to be protected Is less than 750 m2• The location of the hydrants at ground level as well as the lay-out of the hydrants system shall, otherwise, comply with various provisions under Section 7 of this Manual.

6.2.2 In case of buildings having a plinth area in excess of 750 m2, the location of the hydrants at ground level as well as the lay-out of the hydrant system shall be governed by the appropriate provisions under Section 7.6 of this manual. The Committee reserves its right of insisting on water monitors in the place of few hydrants if deemed necessary.

6.2.3 Orifice plates of suitable design shall be provided in the landing valves, where necessary, to limit the operating pressure within 7 kglcm2

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6.3 Hydrant Protection - at various upper/lower (basement) levels

6.3.1 Access staircase

6.3.1.1 Design for a new building shall include provisions for adequate access staircases and lifts to provide efficient means of escape and facilities for fire fighting,

6.3,1.2 One lobby approach staircase along with fire lift shall be provided for every 1000 m2 of floor area of each storey/level (including basements). Normally a minimum of two such staircases shall be required but in case the area of each storey is less than 500 m2., one staircase is acceptable.

6.3.1.3 The lobby approach staircase shall be of non-combustible construction. At least 50 % of total number of staircases required (with a minimum of one) shall be so located that one of their enclosing walls be an external wall of the building.

6.3.1.4 Doors at the entrances of both the lobby approach access staircases and fire lifts shall be provided with self-closing, srnoke-tiqht doors having one hour fire resistance, This arrangement will enable escape and fire fighting to be effected more efficiently.

Note : If the staircases and the fire lifts are located in the core of the building, a positive pressure of 50 Pa or 20 Pa in excess of pressure in the lobby whichever is higher, shall be maintained within the former as an alternative to the above provision .

•

6.3.1.5 The fire lifts shall be controlled by the fire brigade recall from the concourse level and shall

not respond to other calls after the fire brigade key has been activated. The cable supplying power to the lift motor shall pass through routes of negligible fire risk.

6.3.2 Wet Risers

6.3.2.1 Wet riser(s) is/are a pipe or a number of pipes, permanently charged with water under pressure, rising through the full height of the building.

6.3.2.2 The wet risers shall be located within the lobby approach staircases,

6.3.2.3 The diameter of the riser pipes shall not be less than 150 mm anywhere. One or two landing valves shall be connected to the riser pipe at each storey/level. In case of excessive pressures in hydrant outlets at lower levels, orifice plates of suitable design shall be provided in the landing valves, where necessary, to limit the operating pressure to 7 kglcm2

6.4 Hose Pipes and Nozzles

6.4.1 Sufficient length of hose, subject to a minimum of two lengths of 15 m each with couplings attached, shall be provided for use in case of each hydrant point on risers. In addition, one .nozzle of 20 mm size fitted to a branch pipe shall also be provided. To avoid water damage. it is advisable to have reinforced rubber lined hoses for use with internal hydrants. (1S-636)

6.4.2 The number of hose pipes provided near external yard hydrants shall be such that no part

::iRE PROTECT!ON ll,ANUAL

6.4.3 Hoses, nozzles and branch pipes shall be kept adjacent to the hydrant outlet, in wall boxes or recesses in the walls specially designed to blend architecturally with the buildings, if so desired. All other requirements relating to the appurtenances shall be as per the provisions under Section 7.7 of this Manual.

6.5 Pumping Arrangements

6.5.1 Each wet hydrant installation shall be supplied with water by an auto-start pumping set. A stand-by pumpset of identical pumping capacity having a different prime' mover shall also be provided ..

6.5.2 Pumps shall have capacities of 38 Ltrs. per second (137 cu. metre per hour) or 47 Ltrs. per second (171 cu. metre per hour] and the head generated at the rated discharge shall be such that a minimum pressure of 3.5 Kg1cm2 will be available at the highest landing valve in the premises.

6.5.3 The suction, delivery and pnminq arranqernents for the pump shall comply with provision under Section 7.4.1 of this Manual.

6.5.4 Jockey pump(s) shall be installed in addition to the main pump set(s). The pressure setting (or the pump(s) shall be such that' it cuts in approximately at 0.35 kg./cm2 below the normal system pressure and cuts out at normal system pressure, The main fire. purnpls) shall be arranged to cut in approximately at 1 kg./cm2 below the normal system pressure and shall be capable only of manual shut down at churn pressure.

6.5.5 The power supply to the fire purnp(s] shan be independent of all other supplies within the premises. In other words even when the power supply to the entire premises is switched off, the supply to (he .fire purnp[s] and other essential equipment shall remain uninterrupted.

6,5.6 Pump room shall be norm ally located detached in the compound of the building and shaH be preferably 6 metres away from the building. Where this is not feasible, the pump room can be located inside [he building providedit is segregated from the remainder of the building' in accordance with committees' regulations and access to the pump room from the outside of the building shall be either direct or through a passage which has no openings other than to the pump room.

6.5.7 The pumping installation for the high rise installations shall conform to anyone of the following methods to avoid undesirably high pressures in the riser mains :-

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a) Two pumps, one having a low head connected to the riser feeding the lower storeys , C

and the other having a higher head connected to the risers feeding the upper storeys, shall be installed.

b)

A multi sti~ge multi outlet pump shall be Installed, separate outlets being connected to the rlser feeding the lower storeys and those feeding the upper floors. (See Fig.l and .2)

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or may be divided into pressure zones. 1-0r each zone (he water suppiy for [lie lire protection ·;'JO~'.!rl be designed to have pressure within the normal operating ranges and zones of eight to ten storeys would Le adequate '/J~th a check valve in each zone to prevent the transmission of pressure to the zone below {each zone shall have a height of 20 m to 25 m). In each zone of fire protection piping, there shall be a gravity or pressure tank supply. This shall be supplemented by a fire pump to provide required flow in the zone. The fire pump shall not be used to fill gravity or pressure tank.

This should be filled from domestic water Jines. In this arrangement, the pump in the lowest zone takes suction from suction tank located at ground floor whereas pumps in other zones take suction from the gravity/pressure tanks in the respective zone (See. Fig.3)

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N.B.1: In addition to the above system, a gravity tank of 25000 ltrs, capacity shall be provided on the top of the. building and it shall be connected to tl;e pump delivery through a non-return valve.

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N.B.2: The pump controls can be located with the pump in each zone. It can also be provided at the ground floor depending upon the suitability and practicaollltyol the particular building in question.

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6.6

Water Source

6.6.1
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) Effective capacity of fire fighting tank (See rule No. 7.3} shall not be less than 2 hrs. aggregate pumping capacity for buildings less than 60 m in height. The tank capacity shall, however,

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. be increased to 3 hrs. pumping capacity for buildings having height 60 m and above. The

tanks shall be constructed in two independent but interconnected compartments as per rule 7.3 of this Manual.

The fire tank must be in two compartments with a baffle wall in between not going right down to the base of the tank. This arrangement \v!1l ensure proper circulation of the fire water and prevent stagnation. (See figure below.)

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Fire tank

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6.6.2 The s~crage tJ.r-J: shaii be provided vv'ilh a 150 mrn fire brigade purnpinD rnnn~rf~0'1 1:0 di~chcr2e G~ le2.s:. 2275 l.trs. per :-:iinute into ihc tank Tnls connection she!! not be U::J~en dircct!~.1 l:-:to

the side of the storage tank, but arranged to discharge not less than 150 rnrn above the overflow level of the tank. The connection shail be fitted with stop valve in a position approved by the committee in advance. An overflow connection discharging to a visi,ble drain point shall be provided from the storage tank.

6.6.3 The fire brigade connection shall be fitted with four numbers of 63 mm instantaneous inlets in a glass fronted wall bcx at a suitable position at street level, so located as to make the inlets accessible from outside of the building. The size of the wall box shall be adequate to allow hose to be connected to the inlets, even if the door can not be opened and the glass has to be broken. Each box shall have fall of 25 mm towards the front at its base and shall be glazed with wired glass with "FIRE BRIGADE INLET" painted on the inner face of the glass in 50 mm size block leiters.

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6.6A In addition to the emergency fire brigade connection to the storage tank, a 150 mm connection

shall be taken from the four 63 mm instantaneous inlets direct to each hydrant riser so that the fire brigade may pump to the hydrants in the event of hydrant pumps being out of commission, The connection direct to each riser shall be fitted with a sluice and reflex valve each,

607 Fire Fighting Staff

6.7.1 A fire fighting squad consisting of security and maintenance personnel under the command of a!;'ain'2d fire chief, conversant with the fire control system of the premises, shall be available, Further, the public fire brigade shall also be acquainted with what is being installed in the premises and how the protection systems operate. For this purpose, details of the arrangements for fire fighting systems and the layout plan incorporating the position of the existing fire protection system shall be forwarded to the local fire brigade for their information and necessary action.

6.7.2 As the efficiency of' the wet riser system depends on the manner and speed at which they are brought into use, a squad consisting of trained personnel and fire pump man shall be maintained on the prernlses round the clock. The number of personnel for the squad shall necessarily depend upon the size of the building but in no case shall be less than four trained persons (excluding officer in-charge on duty and pump man) be available at anytime during the day or night.

6,7.3 A public address system shall be provided on each floor including the control room in order to enable security and fire fighting staffto give evacuation instructions to the occupants in case· of fire. Evacuation drills shall be arranged periodically.

6.7.4 A metal strip of 25 mm x 3 mm section shall be provided in the staircase enclosure running throughout the height of the building to facilitate transmission and reception of fire messages through walkie-talkie sets used by brigade personnel. The strip shall be electrically insulated . from the ground.

6.7.5 A plan of the risk giving floor-wise details of all fire extinguishing appliances and water supplies shall be displayed in th.e pump house as well as in the room of the security/fire officer who i1 in-charge of the appliances.

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(Installation of Hand Appliances as per the Committee's Regulations is a prerequisite for any occupancy, other than a storage occupancy, to be entitled to allowance for this system).

7.1 Genera!;

7.1.0 The following Regulations are not applicable to High-Rise Buildings, the highest floor of which is more than 22 rn. above the surrounding ground level or to Cotton Gin and Press Factories, for which reference may be made to Sections 6 and 8 respectively.

7.1.1 A well designed and well laid hydrant service is the backbone of the entire fire fighting equipment as it fights fires of . serious proportions in all classes of risks and continues to be in full operation even if partls) of affected buildings and/or structures have collapsed, and also keeps coo! all adjoining properties, thereby minimizing the exposure hazards.

7. L2 The advantages of providing for possible future extensions in any scheme of hydrant protection is often overlooked. A comparatively small extension with its attendant friction losses may overload a main so seriously as to necessitate replacement by one of larger size and the small additional initial cost of mains of somewhat larger capacity than immediate requirements may caii for, often leads to ultimate economy.

7.1.3 All components of the hydrant system shall be of a type and make approved by the Tariff Advisory Committee.

7.1.4 The standards laid down in this Manual represent the accumulated experience of many years but e"en when a hydrant service is designed and laid in accordance v . .Iith these standards, its efficiency in fire fighting will ultimately depend upon the rapidity with which it is brought into action and the ability with which its effort is directed.

7.1.5 The maintenance of aninstallation is equally vital and the importance of organized wet drills at regular intervals, which ensure that each man carries out his allotted duties in the shortest possible time cannot be too strongly emphasized. (Please see 7.10 in this connection).

7.2 Classifications of Occupancies ;

7.2.0 As the water supply, pumping capacity and other features of the hydrant system depend not only on the size of the risk but also on its fire growth and spread potentialities, the risks are to be categorised under the following classes for the purpose of hydrant system design:

N.B. For categorisation of occupancies not listed hereunder reference shall be made to the Regional Offices:

7.2.1 Light Hazard Occupancies :

Abrasive Manufacturing Premises

Aerated Water Factories

Agarbatii Manufacturing

Aluminium/Zinc and Copper Factories Analytical and/or' Quality Control Laboratories

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Brick Works

Canning Factories Cardamom Factories

Cement Factories and/or Asbestos Products Manufacturing.

Ceramic Factories and Crockery and Stoneware Pipe Manufacturing. Cinema Theatres (including Preview Theatres)

Clay Works

Clock and Watch Manufacturing Club

Coffee Curing & Roasting Premise Computer installations, (Main Frame)

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Condensed Milk Factories, Milk Pasteurising Plant and Dairies.

Confectionery Manufacturing

Dwellings

Educational and Research Institutes Electric Generating Houses (Hydel) -a

Electric Lamps (Incandescent & Fluorescent) and TV Picture Tube Manufacturing. Electric Sub-Station/Distribution Station .

Electro Plating Works.

Electrmic and/or Computer Equipment Assemble and manufacturers, E~pty Containers Storage Yard

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Engineering Workshops,

Fruits and Vegetables Dehydrating/Drying Factories. Fruit Products and Condiment Factories.

Glass & Glass Fibre Manufacturing.

Godowns and Warehouses Storing non-combustible Goods. Green Houses

Gold Thread Factories/Gildir.g Factories.

Gum and/or Glue and Gelatine ~anufacturing. Hospitals including X-ray and other Diagnostic Clinics. Ice . Candy and Ice-cream Manufacturing.

Ice Factories.

Ink (excluding Printing Ink) Factories Laundries.

Libraries ..

Mica Products Manufacturing. Office Premises.

Places of Worship

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Residential _tl~!?_,~Ca[es_8!. _R_estaurants. Salt Crushing Factories and Refineries. Stables.

Steel Plants (other than Gas based) Sugar Candy Manufacturing.

Sugar Factories and Refineries.

Tea Blending and Tea Packing Factories Umbrella Assembling Factories

Vermicelli Factories.

Water TreatmenUWater Filtration Plants and Water Pump House. 7.2.2 Ordinary Hazard Occupancies :

Airport and other Transportation Terminal Building. Arecanut slicing and/or Betelnut Factories.

r Atta and Cereal Grinding.

Bakeries.

Beedi Factories., Biscuit Factories. Bobbin Factories.

Book-binders, Envelopes & Paperbag Manufacturers. Bulk Storage

Cable Manufacturing Camphor Boailing. Candle Works.

Carbon Paper[fypewriter Ribbon Manufacturers. Card hoard Box Manufqcturing.

Carpenters, Woodwool & Furniture Manufacturers.

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Carpet and Drugget Factories. Cashew nut Factories. Chemical Manufacturing.

Cigar and Cigarette Factories. Coffee Grinding Premises

Coir Factories

Coir Carpets, Rugs and Tobacco, Hides and Skin Presses

Cold storage premises.

Cork products manufacturing

Dry Cleaning, Dyeing, Laundries.

']:lect:!c !Jenerating Stations (other than Hydel) Enamelware Factories.

Riter & Wax-paper Manufacturing. Flour Mills.

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26

FiRE PROTECTION MANUAL

Garmen;~ [",_'iake.rs.

Ghee Factories (other than vegetable) Godowns & Warehouses (others).

Grain and/or Seeds Disintegrating and/or Crushing Factories. Grease Manufacturing.

Hat and Topee Factories.

Hosiery, Lace, Embroidery & Thread Factories. Incandescent Gas Mantle Manufacturers.

Industrial Gas Mfg. including Halogenated Hydro Carbon gases Linoleum Factories.

Man-made Yarn/Fibre Manufacturing (except acrylic) Manure and Fertilizer Works.

(Blending, Mixing and Granulating Only) Mercantile Occupancies (Dept. Stores, Shopping Complexes/Malls)

Mineral Oil Blending and Processing. Museums.

Oil & Leather Cloth Factories.

Oil Terminals/Depots other than those categorised under High Hazard W. Oxygen Plants.

Plywood Manufacturing/Wood Veneering Factories. Paper ~ Cardboard Mills.

Piers, wharves, dockyards.

Plastic Goods Manufacturing,

Printing Press Premises ..

Pulverising and Crushing Mills.

Rice Mills.

Rope Works.

Rubber Goods Manufacturing.

Rubber Tyres and Tubes Manufacturing. Shellac Factories.

Shopping Complexes (underground) Silk Filatures and cocoon stores.

- Spray painting

Soaps and Glycerine Factories. Starch Factories

Steel Plants (Gas Based) Tanneries/Leather Goods Manufacturers. Tank farms (other than those

j'l"

categorised under high hazard 'P\.)

c::-: '<I
...
~ ...
-
~ ...
.... ~ .. ,~

C::--;'~ - "~"--"

1"0 ~ "

Tea Factories.

Telephone Exchanges. Theatres and Auditorium

Tobacco (Chewing) and Pan-masala Making. Tobacco Grinding and Crushing.

Tobacco Redrying Factories.

Woolen Mills.

7.2.3 High Hazard Occupancies

(A) Aircraft Hangers Alumlnlum/Maqneslum Powder Plants Bituminised Paper and/or Hessian Cloth Manufacturing including Tar Felt Manufacturing.

Cotton Waste Factories

Coalend/or Coke and/or Charcoal Ball Briquettes Manufacturing.

CeJluloid Goods Manufacturing. Cigarette Filter Manufacturing.

Cinema Films & T.v. Production Studios Collieries.

Cotton Seed Cleaning or Delinting Factories. Di~tilleries.

Duplicating and Stencil Paper Manufacturing. Fire-works Manufacturing.

Foamed Plastics Manufacturing and/or

Converting Plants.

Grass, Hay, Fodder & Bhoosa (chaff) Pressing Factories.

Jute mills & jute presses *LPG Bottling Pla!'ts (Mini) Match Factories.

MM Made Fibres (Acrylic fibres/yarn) making Mattress and Pillow Making.

Metal or Tin Printers (where more than 50% of floor area is occupied as Engineering Workshop this may be taken as Ordinary Hazard Risk)

Oil Mills

Oil Extraction Plants (other than those forming part of ghee factories & oil refining factories.) Oil Terminals/Depots handling flammable liquids having nash point of 320C and below. Paints & Varnish Factories.

Printing Ink Manufacturing.

Saw Mills.

C:'

. "j 3

~J ~ J ~

"J ~

-"J ~

""'1 ~

'e. ~I 3

~l j , ~1 J

" -'~

Water Supply : \. l

Water for the hydrant service shall be stored is an easily accessible surface or underground lined ( . 'l-~ reservoir or above ground tanks of steel, concrete or masonry. The effective capacity of the reservoir -; -1· .. ~

above the low water level (defined hereunder), or above the top of the pump casing (in case of " --::-:3

flododed SU,ctiond) if the same: is higher than the low wadter level, for the various classes of occupancies 'lllll'1~_. 'I!

an size of hy rant installations shall be as indicate in table L , ~

N.B.l: The low water level is a point at least three times the diameter of the suction pipe above the draw. ~~;j . off polnt," (See figs. 4,5 and 6)

28

Fi;:;E PROTECTlOI~ ft"l\t'>lUAL

Spo:!ge iron ?12;;~S

Surgicc;j Cotton j\'~dnufdcture:-s

Tank farm storing flammable liquids having Tarpaulin & Canvas Proofing Factories. Turpentine & Rosin Distilleries.

Tyre Retreading and Resoling Factories.

flash point of 32°C and below.

.. Bottling plants having total inventory not exceeding 100 mt of LPG and also bottling a total quantity of not exceeding 20 mt of LPG per shift of 8 hrs.

(6)

Ammonia and Urea Synthesis Plants. CNG Compressing and Bottling Plants Explosives Factories.

LPG Bottling Plants (other than mini) Petrochemical Plants.

Petroleum Refineries.

7.3 7.3.1

N.B.2: Large Natural Reservoirs with Water Cap~city Exceeding 10 times the aggregate water requirements ~ .:;'~ . .J of all Fire Pump, therefrom may be left unlined.

7.3.2

Reservoirs of and over 225,000 litres capacity shall be in two interconnected equal compartments to facilitate cleaning and repairs.

7.3_3 The size of the fire water sump shall be such that the smaller side is at least equivalent to six times the diameter of the largest suction pipe. The suction pipets) shall be Located along the central longitudinal axis of the sump. and the positioning of the pipes shall be such that no pip~ is within a distance of twice its own diaioeter from another suction pipe or from the wall of the sump.

7.3.4 Where the fire pump(s) draw water from the reser,,:oir under suction lift condition, the two compartments shall be . connected to. a cammon sump through sluice or gate valves. The suction arrangement of the fire pump(s) shall be as indicated in rule 7-4.1.8, 7.4-1.9, 7.4.1.10 and 7.4-1.12 hereunder.

7.3.5 In case -of dual purpose reservoirs catering to fire water and general water requirements the general water pumps shall draw their supply from a separate sump which shall be connected only to the fire water sump, the interconnection being so located that the effective quantity {as defined above} of water available in the reservoir for fire water requirements below the level of the interconnection is at least equivalent to the quantities indicated in table 1.. Incoming mains shall be connected to Fire Water Compartment and only overflow of Fire water Compartment 'should go to process.

. ..

i'

~--------~----------------~--~--------------~------------------~----~------~ ....

r-'"-..._ . -\"-.j

C i-,.3 ~i.J

-, ..... - , ..

('-.

)

,)

;:

'\ r)

r-« . .'

----------~~~~-~----------------.- .. --~~----

i -

7 .'~\6 \i/h~re the reservoir provioes positive suction lOr [h;.: [ire pUl,ip(S] in ,er~s "f ~:-,c note under ~C!:e "\ 7.4.1. II, wpplnQ shan be taken [ron', lJ.:,:\ ::,,, CO:T,pa:'~i7l"r:rs an.d sl-:ili be connected U-l1'ough sluice

'\ralves to a com~on suction header, The pumps, in turn,shaH draw [heir SUClio~ from the common h ader through sluice valves. In case of dual purpose reservoirs catering to fire water and general wat r requirements, the tapping for the general water pumps shall be taken at a higher !eve! such that t e capacity of the reservoir between the low water level as defined heretofore (or the top of the fire ump casing in case it is higher. than the low water level) and the general water tapping is at leas equivalent to the requirements indicated in table 1.

TABLE 1
Nature of Ri'sk \ Capacity of Static Storage Excl us bel v
reserved for hydrant service.
\
l. Ught Hazard \ Not less than 1 hour's aggregate pumping capacity with a
\ .' minimum of 1,35,000 litres.
e
2. Ordinary Hazard . \ Not less than 2 hour's aggregate pumping capacity.
\
J i! I' ~ \
3. High Hazard (Al \ Not less than 3 hour's aggregate pumping capacity.
\
4. Hazard \\ Not less than hour's pumping
High (B) \\ 4 aggregate capacity. \ .

N.B.l: The capacity of the reservoir for ordinary and high hazard class occupancies, may be reduced by

the quantum of inflow (of one hbur in case of ordinary ha;ard, 90 minutes in case of high hazard

\ .

(A) and two hours in cases of high ~azard (S) occupancies), fram a reliable source (other man town's

\

main). having prior approval of the committee, but in no case shall the reservoir capacity be less

than 70% of that mentioned above. \

-'.

N.B.2: In case bf light hazard class' occupancies capacity of the reservoir shall be increased

to 2,25,000 litres if the highest floor of the b ilding is more than 15m. above the surrounding ground level.

N.B.3: A higher capacity of reservoir than that required s per Table 1 may be stipulated by the Committee' where considered necessary.

.......

7.4 Pumps:

7.4.1' General

('

7.4.1.1 Pumps shall be exclusively used for fire fjghting purposes, e of a type approved by the Commlttc-i, and shall be :-

(a) Quadruple acting reciprocating steam pumps. or

(b)

Electric Motor or Steam Turbine driven centrifugal pump or

-Cornpresslon ignition engine driven centrifugal pumps.

or {I

Vertical tulrbine submersible pumps.

(c)

(d)

'- ... -------~..:........._;_---------...._..---:---__,_..,..---~----------

-

30

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

,_7.t_·.1.2 ?:;~~~~ sh::.!l be d~rcct~cG'J)]~,d~ e>~cciJ~ ;n ~:;e ccse of engine .. cid\!en \:enic2~ turbine pu;-r:ps, 'J~:n(?reln

~ \ ". ~. . . '-:-

ge2.r 0,1\'8S con:c:-rntng to approvai siencerc 01 r-ectory Mutual System for right angled gear drives,

Ci2SS No\\338 shall be used.

\

Belt-driven p'mps shall not be accepted.

7.4,1.3 Parts of pumps . e impeller, shaft sleeve, wearing ring etc. shall be of non-corrosive metal preferably of brass or bronz or stainless steel.

\ Where sea water is ed or where the quality of water necessitates the use of special metals/alloys,

I the u,. of such meta.l 0' alloy, shall be insisted upon.

7.4. h4"The capacity of the pump ) would depend on whether or not tapping(s) for water spray and/orfoam

.J protection for tanks/spheres ullets/plants/other facilities is (are) taken from the hydrant service. In case

there is no tapping from the hydrant service, the capacity of the pump shall be as per rule 7.4;1.4.1 \.,.

I

. (

hereunder. However, where the vater demand for water spray arid/or foa~1 protection as per rules _,

7.4.1.4.2 , 7.4.1.4.3, 7.4.1.4.4, 7 .. 1.4.5 and 7.4.1.4.6 is in excess of that required for the hydrant ~ .

system, the pumping capacity shall e based on the higher water demand.

\, .

7.4.1.4.1

The capacity for hydrant service shal as per Table 2 hereunder :

e determined by the class of occupancy and size of installation i ..

Delivery Pressure at pump discharge end at rated capacity in kg/cmz

Nature of Risk

Number of Hydrants

Pump Capacity in Lltres/ Sec ..

\_

L Ught hazard i) Not exceedinq 20
ii) Exceeding 20
but not exceeding 55
iii) Exceeding 55
but not exceeding 100
**iv} Exceeding 100 27 96) 38 (:0:7)

5,6*

7

47 (171)

7

47 {17l}

plus 47 (171) for every additionai 125 hydrants or part thereof,

7/8.8-

\

I~C

......

c c C

--=----- ..

... -

....

-

...

~ . .

..

~

Fms PROiE'CnON MANOJ;,L

"<,Illes to a common suction header. The pumps, i'l turn, shall draw their suction from the common header throug:-; sluice valves. In case of dual purpose reservoirs catering to fire water and genera! water requirements, the tapping for the general water pumps shall be taken at a higher level such that the capacity of the reservoir 'between the low water level as defined heretofore (or the top of the fire pump casing in case it is higher than the low water level) and the general water tapping is at least equivalent to the requirements indicated in table L

TABLE 1

Nature of Risk Capacity of Static Storage Exclus lvely
reserved for hydrant service.
Light Hazard Not less than 1 hour's pumping capacity with ,
1. aggregate a /
minimum of 1,35,000 litres.
!
2. Ordinary Hazard Not less. than 2 hour's aggregate pumping capacity. !
i
3. High Hazard (A) Not less than 3 hour's aggregate pumping capacity.' I
I
I
4. High Hazard (B) Not less than 4 hour's aggregate pumping capacity. I !

N.B.!: The capacity of the reservoir for ordinery and high hazard class occupancies, may be reduced by

- I

the quantum of inflow (of one hour in case of ordinary hazard, 90 minutes in case of high hazard

(Al and two hours in cases of high hazard (8) occupancies), from a reliable source (other than town's main) having prior approval of the committee, but in no case shall the reservoir capacity be less than 70% of that mentioned above.

-- .

N.B.2: In case of light hazard class occupancies the minimum capacity of the reservoir shall be increased

to 2,25,000 litres if the highest floor of the building is more than 15m. above the surrounding ground

level. !I

N.B.3: A higher capacity of reservoir than that required as per Table 1 may be stipulated by the Committee' where considered necessary.

7.4 Pumps:

, .,

7.4.1' General

7.4.1.1 Pl1!J1.pS shall be exclusively used for fire fighting purposes, be of a type approved by the Committee, and shall be :.

(a) Quadruple acting reciprocating' 'steam pumps. or

(b) Electric Motor or Steam Turbine driven centrifugal pumps.

(c)

or

.Cornpression ignition engine driven centrifugal pumps. or

Vertical turbine submersible pumps.

(d)

/

I I

~7 .4.1.2 Pumps shell be direct-coupled, except in the case of engine-driven vertical turbine pumps. wherein 922.\ crives cQ~fOrrr.lng to o~proval standz:rd of Factory lviutual S)'stem for right angled gear drives,

Class No.1338 shall be used.

Belt-driven pumps shall not be accepted.

7.4.1.3 Parts of pumps like impeller, shaft sleeve, wearing ring etc. shall be of non-corrosive meta! preferably of brass or bronze or stainless steel.

Where sea water is used or where the. quality of water necessitates the use of special metals/alloys, the use ofsuch metals or alloys shall be insisted upon.

7.4.1.4 The capacity of the pump(s} would depend on whether or not tapping(s) for water spray and/or foam protection for tanks/spheres/bullets/plants/other facilities is (are) taken from the hydrant service. In case there is no tapping from the hydrant service, the capacity of the pump shall be as per rule 7.4.1.4.1 hereunder. However, where the water demand for water spray and/or foam protection as per rules (,; 7.4.1.4.2 , 7.4.1.4.3, 7.401.4.4, 7.4.1.4.5 and 7.4.1,4,6 is in excess of that required:'(~r the hydrant ' ..

system, the pumping capacity shall be based on the higher water demand. r

7.4.1.4.1

The capacity for hydrant service shall be determined by the class of occupancy and size of installation f .• as per Table 2 hereunder :

Table 2

Nature. of Risk

Number of Hydrants

Pump Delivery
Capacity Pressure at
in Litres/ pump discharge
Sec. end at rated \
(M3!hour) capacily in kg/cmz
27 (96) 5.6*
38 (137) 7 •

:l<\
<;;
, Ught hazard j) Not. exceeding 20
r.
ii) Exceeding 20
but not exceeding 55
iii) Exceeding 55
but not exceeding 100
**iv) Exceeding 100 47 (PI)

7

47 (171)

plus 47 (171) for every additional 125 hydrants or part thereof.

7/8.S·

Ir" .4,41

".

\.

...• 1

~

__ ~,~c, __ ~_....-+-_-' ••• ,...-.~ __ ... _ .• '_~., __ U'~

~---- ..

c

i ~ " ~ : : r F ; :' .f,-...,,,,_ ..... r---"'c .....

·2)-~cee_di~Q I5 :-r: 3bcV2 :hc 5'JJ'rOUnO!l1g g;ound level.

""N.B. 2: Where the systems are hydraulically designed as per NB 2 & NB 3 below rule 7.5.10 the total pumping capacity need not be greater than 190 (683) irrespective of the number of r.:,·drant points.

z-( Ordinary Hazard i) Not exceeding 20 38 (~37) 7

in Exceeding 20 47 (171) 7

but not exceeding 55

iii) Exceeding 55 76 (273) 7

but not exceeding 100

**iv} Exceeding 100 plus 76 (273)

"

for 'every additional 125

hydrants or part thereof.

76 (273}

7/8.8

_:-.:=="

:-'

**N.B.: Where the systems are hydraulically designed as per NB 2 & NB 3 of rule 7.5.10 the tc:a! pumping capacity need not be greater than 302 (1092) irrespective of the number of hydrant points.

3. High Hazard il Not exceeding 20
(A)
ii) Exceeding 20
but not exceeding 55
iii} Exceeding 55
but not exceeding 100
IV} Exceeding 100
plus 114 (410)
for every additional
') 150 hydrants or
.\ part thereof.
4. High Hazard i) Not exceeding 20
! (B)
'i
ii) Exceeding 20
. .,_ but not
.\ exceeding 55
~ iii} Exceeding 55
but not
exceeding 100
"'*iv) Exceeding 100
(410) plus one of
114 (410) for every .l

- \

47 (171)

7

76 (273)

7/8.8

114 (410)

7/8.8

114 (410)

7/8.8/10.5

Two of 47 (171)

7

Two of

7/8.8

76 (273)

Two of 114 (410)

7/8.8

Two of 114

8.8/10.5

)

32

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

hydranfs or part thereof.

""'This provision will apply only in cases where the hydrant service has been nydrauiically designed as per"

N.B. 3(b) under rule 7,5.10

N .B.1: In case of high hazard 'B' occupancies where the aggregate pumping capacity required in terms of the above table or of rules 7.4.1.4.2, 7.4.1.4.4, 7.4..1.4.5 and 7.4.1.4.6 hereunder exceeds 1640 '. m3(hr., larger capacity pumps are acceptable provided the capacity of the largest pump does not exceed>: 25% of the aggregate installed pumping capacity is disrupted when any pump is in operative

~

NoB.2: In case of liqht hazard occupancies, the pump delivery pressure shall be 7kg/cm2 if the highest floor',-

of the risk is at a height exceeding 15 m above the surrounding ground level.'

1-.;

N_B.3: In case of Oil Refineries, Petrochemical complexes or other risks where double headed hydrants are

used throughout the risk so that the total number of hydrants (counting a d~uble headed hydrant Ci as two hydrants) is about double the number of hydrants required as per the general raqulrements cof this Manual, a double headed hydrant may be regarded as a single hydrant only. C'

7.4.1.4.2 Where storage tanks containing flammable liquids are protected by a medium velocity water spray >: system tapped from the hydrant service, the water requirements of the spray system shall be calculated \;,) for tanks located in a common dyke which have the largest aggregate shell surface. area at a l rate of 10 lpm/rn? of tank shellsurface area, except where the system has been designed to comply with the provisions contained in N.B.4 under rule 7.6.19 (mandatory protection) in which case the rate of flow can be reduced to 3 lpm/rn".

Even in .~:'e case of tanks located in separate dykes, the shell surface area of all tanks located

.. . \_

within a distance of 15m, (or the diameter of the targer tank jf the' same is more than 15m.)

shall be aggregated and the water demand of such cluster of tanks shall be calculated at the

rate of flow indicated in the foregoing paragraph. (

The water requirement of the spray system worked out as above shall then be loaded for supplementary

\_

hose stream protection as under :

\

Where the largest tank in a dyke has a diameter of :
i) Upto 10 m 1150 lltres/minute
ii) More than 10 m and 2250 Htres/minute
upto 20 m
iii) Over 20 m 3400' litres/minute If the total Water requirernentfor spray protection and hose stream protection for storage tanks worked out as above exceeds the requirements of the hydrant service as per Table 2, the pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the former.

7.4.1.4.3 . Where storage tanks are protected by a fixed foam system connected to the hydrant service, water

"requirement for the foam system shall be equivalent to that required by the largest protected tank

at a rate of 5 Ipm/m2 of liquid surface area .for fixed roof tanks and 12.2 lpm/m" of rim sea! ',,--

----------------~--------------------~------------------~.

'j -
,.J '--
i ,._
_. 10.--1", cl

I

" <;J

\:1 c;l

(;1

t) ,J

~j ~I

t

~I {;l-,

(;.

)

"..- ... -

... '1

j c

~--i'"

~ .: ~~

~··i:~· ~,:.

\

-;

- ,

~

33

i:", cesc 0;' noa.ting rooi tanks.

,

Other conditions regarding supplementary hose slrcarr. protection, pumping capacity ctc., would

remain the same as [or water spray protection.

7.4.1.4.4 Where spheres/bullets are protected by a medium velocity water spray system tapped from pressuriscd hydrant service, water requirements of the spray system shall be determined as under:

Taking into consideration the configuration of bullets/sphere, the one which has the largest number of other bullets/spheres within R +::.5 m of the center thereof shall be selected. The water demand shall then be worked out at the rate of 10 lpm/rn! of the aggregate 'shell surface area of the bullet/spheres concerned and all bullets/spheres within R + 15 m of the centre thereof.

Water application may be reduced to 5 lprn/m? where the bullets/spheres are coated with approved passive rnatrials providing fire resistance of at last 2 hours.

The water requirement of the spray system worked out as above shall then be loaded for supplementary hose stream protection as under:

WATER CAPACITY OF BULLETS/ SPHERES (IN MJ)

SUPPLEMENTARY HOSE STREAlI-1 PROTECTION (LPM)

1.

UPTO AND INCLUDING 50M3 ABOVE 50W AND UPTO 150 W

1700

2.

2250

3.

ABOVE 150M3

4500

'"'

If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose stream protection for spheres/bullets worked out

as above exceeds the requirements of the hydrant service as per Table 2, the pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the former.

NOTE: For design criteria 0'[ medium velocity water spray system reference shall be made to committee's rules for water spray system.

7.4.1.4.5 Where plants and other facilities are protected by medium velocity water spray systems tapped from hydrant service, water requirement of the spray system shall be determined as per Committee's

. .

rules fer Water Spray Systems. Water requirements of the spray systems worked out as above

shall then be loaded by 4500 LPM for supplementary hose stream protection,

7.4.1.4.6

If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose stream protection worked out as above exceeds. the requirements of the hydrant service as per Table 2, me pumping ccpacity shall be equivalent to the former.

Where transformers are protected by high velocity water spray system tapped from hydrant service, wate~ re~~i;e~e~ts· of ~h;;~~~y system shallb"; d-et;;;~ecl--as·~~r -·Com~ittee;s· nlles·f~rwa:~r

. spray system. Water requirement of the spray system worked out as above shall then be leaded by 1750 LPM for supplementary hose stream protection.

' .. )

If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose stream protection worked out as above

. \ "-

..... . ..

F[ RE PROTi;CTroh! flANUAL

._ .. --'- - ... _--------- ----~-----------------

cxceed~. the re(]'J~~·£jTleTit5 of the hydrant service 65 per Teb!e 2~ the p1Jmping capGcit~~} shall be

equivalent to the former.

_7 Where plants and other facilities are protected by sprinkler system tapped from the hydrant service, water requirement of the sprinkler system shall be determined as per the Committee's Rules for Sprinkler System.

If the water requirement for the sprinkler system exceeds the requirement of the hydrant service as per Table 2, the pumpinq capaclty shall be equivalent to the former,

Pumps shall be capable of furnishing not less than 150% of rated capacity at a head of not less than 65% of the rated head. The shut-off head shall not exceed 120% of rated head in the case of horizontal pumps and 140% in the case of vertical turbine type pumps.

S Each pump shall be provided with a plate giving, in the case of centrifugal pumps, the delivery head, capacity and the number of revolutions per minute, and in the case of reciprocating pumps, the diameter of the steam cylinders and water plungers and the length of the stroke, as also the ratios of the effective aggregate areas of the suction and the delivery valves to the area of the water plunqers.

7 In case of electrically driven pumps it is recommended that compression ignition engine driven stationary pump of similar capacity be installed as a standby and vice versa. However, where the hydrant service consists of more than one pump, not more than half the total number (total number + 1 in case of odd number) of pumps shall have prime movers of one type.

(The above provision is not applicable to systems commissioned before 1982).

Not-withstanding the· above, if power to motorised fire pumps is obtained from two sources, one of which is a captive generating plant located in a block either 6m away from all surrounding buildings or, where this is not feasible, segregated from adjoining building in a manner indicated in Rule 7.4.3.1 more than-half the total number of pumps may be of the electrically driven type.

_.8 Each fire service pump shall be provided with an independent suction pipe without any sluice or cut-off valves therein, unless the pump is situated below the level of the water supply in which case sluice or cut-off valves would be essential.

Where the water supply has fibrous or equally objectionable matter in suspension or mud and! or sand liable to cause accumulation in the installation, suction pipe(s) shall be installed in a jackwell fed through a culvert from the main water supply. At the supply end of the culvert, a sluice or gate valve shall be provided.

:.: The suction pipe shall be connected to the pump inlet through an eccentric reducer to avoid air pockets.

1.9

The diameter of the suction pipe shall be such that the rate of flow of water through it does not exceed 90m per minute when the pump is delivering at its rated discharge. If, however. the pump is situated below the level of its water supply, the diameter of the suction pipe/header shall be based uporr a rate of flow not exceeding 120m per minute.

----~.------~~--~----------~~------~----~----------------~

L

."...
c_C
e"
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.r-
Iv.::. ...
C
Ch
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~ . ._._

______ '0· ~

l c , i ;- 1 ( .

F:;

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Note

7.4.1.11

7.4.1.12

, '

Note

FtRE PROTECTiON M.4hIUtlL

\

\

\

------------~--------------~--~----------~~------~--------~------

-,

aveileble at site shall be O.5m in excess or the actual value required at 150% of (he duly point as per the marc!.:f;>"tufer's curves of the pump.

For the purpose of the above, NPSH availeble at sire shall be computed by deducting the sum of the static lift (measured from the 'Jaw water level', defined in rule 7.3, upto the centreline of the pump) and friction loss in the suction pipe and fittings fmmatmospheric pressure.

Fire pumps in High Hazard (8) category occupancies shall be provided with positive suction and automatic starting devices capable of sequential starting of the pumps. The pump shall be connected to audible alarm such as hooter or a siren located in a prominent place outside the pump house. Where there is a central fire station in the premises, additional alarm point shall also be provided in the fire station.

The pumping arrangements shall also incorporate jockey to take care of system losses. The capacity of the jockey pumps shall neither be more than 5% of the installed 'pumping capacity nor less than 3% thereof (with a minimum of 10.8 [\'P/Hr), unless the aggregate installed pumping capacity is in excess of 820M3/Hr., in which case the capacity of the jockey pump(s) shall be not less fh "',., <)1:;_~i!31W. DI"s 1 0[ ~( .hn ;~~.~II~..! _, .-._:_- capacity '1- f 820' o/H I t 11 ti , ".u" ~,""., I'''' i u ~ 10 '" "'''' '''~'u''cu JJU."!J'"~ \-CJjJO • IJ excess 0 i'! r. nS.3.,a Jon 0;

Jockey Pump also helps to prevent Hydraulic Surges.

In the case of Light, Ordinary and High Hazard(A) Category occupancies, when the pump is above the level of its water supply. there shall bea foot valve and 'priming' arrangement, the latter consisting of a tank (having a capacity at least three times that of the suction pipe from the pump to the foot valve subject to a minimum of 1000 litres) connected to the delivery side of the pnmp by a metal pipe having a minimum internal diameter of 100 mm with a stop valve and a non-return valve therein of the same size. A reliable independent filling arrangement and a level indicator shall be provided for the priming tank and, wherever feasible, a continuous overflow arrangement shall be .provided in order to ensure that the tank is always full. It is recommended that for pumps taking Suction from a stored water supply, a vortex plate shall be installed at entrance to the suction pipe.

Wherever circumstances permit, the pumps shall preferably be fixed below the level of the water. supply (positive suction). If the pumps are automatic in action, they shall necessarily be so fixed. However, if the priming arrangements are such as to ensure that the suction pipe shall be automatically maintained full of water notwithstanding a serious leakage therefrom (the pump being automatically brougllt" into action to" replenish the priming tank should the latter be drawn upon at a greater rate than the rate at which it is fed from any other source), positive suction may not be insisted. in such cases, the capacity of the priming tank need not exceed 450 Hires and the diameter of . the priming pipe need not exceed SOmm. Jockey pump(s) of capacity indicated in rule 7.4,1.11 shall, nevertheless, be provided in systems where the main pumps are automatic in action.

Where pump(s) are automatic in action, they shall be connected to audible alarm such as hooter or a siren located in a promine.nt place outside the pump house. Where there is a central fire station in the premises, additional alarm point shall also be provided in the fire station.

For the purpose of rules' 7.4.1.8, 7.4.1.9, ,7.4.1.11 and 7.4.1.12, a pump shall be considered

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as' hcving positive suction only if, the quantity of water In the reservoir (J bO\/02 the low water !eve1 (see N.B. under rule 7.3) or the top of the pump casing, whichever is higher, is equivalent to the requirements of Table 1.

7.4.1.13 Each pump shall be provided with 0 non-return valve and a sluice valve on the delivery side, the sluice valve being installed on the upstream side of the non-return valve. A pressure gauge shall also be provided between the pump and the non-return valve. The size of the non-return valve and cut-off (sluice) valve shall not be less than the size of the initial delivery pipe and, in no case, less than the delivery outlet of the pump. Further as Butterfly valve can create turbalance adversely affecting the pump performance no Butterfly valve shall be installed on the suction side.

7.4.1.14 When the premises are also protected by sprinkler installation having elevated tank(s) as one of the main sources of water supply, and where the arrangement far filling the tank(s) is taken from the hydrant service, the connection shall be taken directly from the pump to the top of the tank (through a stop valve) and not through the hydrant mains. (See fig 7L

7.4.1.15 Pumps shall not be installed in the open. The pump rooms shall normally have brick/concrete

. walls and non-combustible roof, with adequate lighting, ventilation and drainage arrangements.

The pump room shall be so located as to be both easily accessible and where any falling masonry and the like from other buildings occasioned by fire or other causes cannot damage the pump room. Normally the pump room shall be located 6m away from all surrounding buildings and overhead structures. Where this is not feasible, the sides of the pump room falling within 6m of the surrounding buildings shall be blank masonry walls of 355 mm thickness and the roof of the pU!l"l{l room shall be of RCC. Likewise when the pump room is attached to a building, a perfect party wall cornplyinq with the Committee's Regulations shall be constructed between 0 the pump room and the attached building, the roof of the pump room shall be of RCC construction at least 100 mm thick and access to the pump room shall be from the outside. In no case shall the pump room be sited within a building occupied for any other purpose.

N.B.

For High Hazard(B) occupancies, in addiiion to the above provisions, the pump room shall be located 30m' clear of oil equipment where flammable fluids having flash point below 65°C are handled and/or stored .and 15m clear of pipes/pipe racks (of other than water). This provision shall, however, not apply to systems commissioned before 1982.

7.4.2

Steam Driven Pumps

7.4.2.1

The capacity of steam driven pumps shall be based on the economical speed recommended by the makers, and the pumps shall be. provided with a suitable air vessel, steam and water pressure gauges. The working parts of the water ends shall be of non-corrosive metal,

7.4.2.2

Pumps shall no! be used for boiler feeding or any other purpose, except for filling . the elevated sprinkler tank(s).

There shall be at least two boilers connected to the pump, out of which one shall be under pressure at all times .

7.4.2.3 .

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7.4.2.4

7.4.2.5

7.4.2.6

7.4.2.7

7.4.2.8

at the pump at ail limes.

The ratio of the area of the steam cylinders to water cylinders shall not be less than 2.5 to L·

A relief valve of adequate size shall be fitted on the delivery side of the pump and set at a pressure of not more than 1 kgfcm2above the delivery pressure of the pump, and if of weight and lever type, the weight, when set, shall be secured and locked in that position.

The diameter of the suction pipe shall in no case be less than thatof the pump plungers.

The steam pipe to the pump shall not traverse ground not under the control of the owner of the installation, nor a public roadway.

"

. 7.4.3.1

7.4.3 Electrically driven pumps:

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The sub-station(s)andlor D.G. house(s) supplying power to the fire pump{s} shall be of incombustible construction and shall be located at least 6m away from all surrounding buildings, Where this is not feasible. all door and window openings of the surr0t.:nding . buildings within 6m of the sub-stationisl and/or D.G. house(s). snail be protected b~' single fireproof doors and 6mm thick wired glasses in steel framework respectively. likewise, roof eaves, if any, of the surrounding buildings falling within 6m of the substation(s) and/or D.G. house(s) shall be cut and wall raised as a parapet. The above provisions shall also apply when the sub-stationls] and D.G. house(s} are within 6m of each other.

Where the sub-stafionts) and/or D.G.house(s) are attached to other buildings, perfect party walls complying with the Committee's regulations shall be constructed to segregate the sub-statlonls] and/or D.G. house(s) from the attached buildings and where the attached building is storeyed, the roof of the sub-stationis) and/or D.G. house(s) shall be of R.C.c, construction of at least 100mm thickness .

Transformer cubicles inside these sub-stations shall be separated from H.T. and L.T. cubicles and from each other by blank walls of bricks/stone/concrete blocks of 355 mm thickness or of RC.C. of 200 rnm with door openings if any therein protected by single fireproof doors complying with the Committee's regulations. The sub-station(s) and D.G. house(s} shall also be separated from each other as above. (See Fig 8 and 9)

Transformers installed outdoors. which are supplying power to fire Pump{s}, shall also be located at least 6m away from all surrounding buildings [induding sub- station(s) and/or D.G. houselsl.] Where this is not feasible all door and window openings of the building(s) [indunHng sub-stationls): and/or D.G, house(s).] within 6m of the transformer shall be PTotjzcted by single fire proof doors and 6mmthick wired glasses in

. steel framework respectively, liKewise, roof eaves of the building(s) falling within 6m ofthe transformer shall be cut and wall raised as a parapet. Boffle walls of bricks!

/

32

stone/concrete b:ocks of 355 rnrn thlcknf>ss or of R. C C: of 200 rnm thickness shall be constructed between two transformers and these walls 5h,,:1 be extended horizontally 600 rnrn beyond the extremities of the transformers and vertically 600mm above the highest point of the transformers.

Note 1 Where oil capacity of the individual transformers is larger than 5000 Iitres separating walls must be provided in between the transformers and a dear distance as per the following table shall be maintained between the transformers and the substation:

Oil Capacity of Individual transformers

Clear separating

distance

suoo' to 10000 litres

8 m

Above 10000 upto 20000 litres

10 m

Above 20000 upto 30000 Iitres

12 . .5 m

Over 30000 lltres

15 m

Note 2 For High Hazard (8) occupancies, sub- station(s) supplying power to the fire pump(s)

. shall, in addition to complying with the above provisions, be located 30M clear of all equipment where flammable fluids having flash point below 65°C are handled and! or stored,

7.4.3.2

'Electric supply IeederIs) to sub-station(s) supplying power to fire pump shall as far -:-~ 1t'':'''5'1hle, consist of armoured cables buried underground wh ich shall not pass under any building or pew',.:!! .cnt structures.

[f the feeders are laid inside an underground cable duct/gallery, they shall be placed in a comer of ire duct/gallery and shall be isolated from other cables in the duct! gallery by means of nrc brid'~,'!>dna packing/other suitable passive protection of at least 1/;: "',; !ivur fire rating.

Under extenuating circumstances, where it is not feasible to lay the feeders underground, the committee may permit overhead feeders provided they do. not fall within a horizontal '. distance of

A)

15 m of any process buildings/plan! or tanks containing Ilernmable liquids. Or

(un or t1llY ollilH bulldlnu or ftlllk§ conftllllIf1fj non··(Jnlllllltlhh' Ilqltld~; or o! storage in open.

II)

Note In case of high hazard (8) occupancies, all substations (except main receiving station) in the route of the electrical supply to the fire pump (s) which receive power by overhead feeders shall be provided with two sets of feeders which, apart from conforming with 'the above distance provisions, shall be run along two different routes in such a way that failure of more than one route due to a single mishap would be only a remote

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7.4.3.3

Note:

7.4.3.4

7.4.3.5

p~ direct Ieeder without any tappings shaH be i2.1C rr:::-:-_ ~Je suo-station to the pump house. The feeder shall consist of an armoured caO:2 ~·.l~ied underground and shall not pass under any building or permanent structure,

• The cable run inside the sub-station from the breaker ;:_?~O its point of burial or entry into cable duct/qallery shall be provided with suitcb1"" passive protection of at least 1/2 an hour fire rating.

·If the feeder is laid inside an underground' cable c:..;=:)gallery, it shall be placed in a corner of the ducUgaUery and shall be isolated frorr; other cables in the ducUgatlery by means of fire bricks/sand packing/other suitable ~C=-s!-.Je protection of li2 an hour fire rating.

Under ex.tenuating circumstances, where it is not feasi~:e 10 lay the feeders underground, the committee may permit overhead feeders provided :"_.z-_,; do not f~ll within a horizontal distance of

A) 15 m of any process buildings/plant or tc,~~ containing flammable liquids.

Or

B) 6m of any other building or tanks containing r.·:::c::.-flammable liquids or of storage in open.

In case of high hazard '8' occupancies if the feeder ::: :.~e fire pump (s) is not buried underground, two sets of feeders shall. be provided '.i.-;--,kh shall

(A) conform to the above distance provisions

(8) be fun along two different routes in such a'.'..=:- tnat failure of more than onz

route due to a single mishap would be o:--~':.~· G remote possibility.

Sufficient spare power shall always be available to:::"'-:-.'2 pumping set(s) at all times . throughout the year.

The electric supply to the pumping sctls) shall be ~.:::-21y independent of all other equipment in the premises i.e. even when the power ':'.rougnout the entire premises is switched off, the supply to the pump shall cont::--.·~~ to be available uninterrupted. This can be achieved by taking the connection .for .:. ,2 pump(s) from the incoming side of the main LT. breaker. However, in cases where :-';"0 or more transformers and! or sources of supply are connected La a common b~:__,~ the connection may be taken' through the busbars. (See Fig.l1 and 12)

The fire pump .circuit shall be protected at the ori;~::. :':;" an automatic circuit breaker so set as to permit the motor to be overloaded dun;--,;; an emergency to the maximum limit permissible by the manufacturers. Further, the ~ voltage releasel'no volt' c~il

of the circuit breaker shall be removed. l

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N.B. Where cable lengths are long enough to warrant ::c::;';.:-up protection, the Committee

7.4.3.6

-'

may insist .on provision of such a protection.

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LO

FtRE PROTECnOl'i MAt-lUAL

available to the fire purnpts) circuit be provided and fixed in a prominent position, both in the Sub-station and in the pump room.

7.4.3.8.

Where there is more than one source of power for the operation of pumping set(s) every electrical circuit shall preferably be so designed as to ensure that when necessary, the setls) will continue to operate without the manual operation of an emergency switch.

7.4.3.9

The pumping set(s) shall be securely mounted on a robust bed plate, if of ,the horizontal type, and shall be free from vibration at all variations of load.

The rating and design of motors and switch gear shall conform to the relevant Indian Standards Specification. The motor shall be of continuous rating type and its r.aling shall be at least equivalent to the horse power required to drive the pump at 150% of its rated discharge. (see Rule 7 A. L5) ,

7.4.3.11 The motor shall be of totally enclosed type or drip proof type, the latter having their air inlets and outlets' protected with meshed wire panels to exclude rodents, reptiles and insects.

7.4.3.10

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7.4.3.12 The motors shall be wound for Class B insulation-preferably for Class E • and the i:.

windings shall be vacuum impregnated with heat and moisture resisting varnish and preferably glass fibre insulated to withstand tropical cond-itions.

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7.4.3.13 . Motors wound for high tension supplies shall have a: suitable fixed warming resistance ~ to maintain the motor windings in a dry condition at all times and particularly under monsoon conditions. The resistance shall be connected to the lighting or other equivalent circuit.

7.4.3,14 Heating apparatus shall also be provided, when necessary, for medium tension motors where they are located below ground level, in order to maintain the motor Windings in a dry condition, Adequate drainage arrangements shall also be provided in the pump house in such cases.

7.4.3.15 The incoming cable to the fire pump room shall terminate in an isolating switch fuse unit incorporating HRC fuses and where.necessary provided with a distribution system.

7.4.3.16 The starting switch gear for the {ire pumps shall be suitable for direct on line starting but other alternative arrangements are subject to prior approval, It shall also incorporate an ammeter with a clear indication of the motor full load current.

N.B. Remote controlled starting arrangements are subject to prior approval of the Committee.

7.4.3.17 Cables for motors and switch gear shall be armoured or be enclosed in heavy gauge screwed steel conduit according to conditions.

7.4.3.18 It is recommended that equipment .throughout be painted 'fire red' (Shade No. 536 as per 15:5). ansi suitably marked for identiflcatlon,

7.4.3.19 Necessary spare 'parts including a set of fuses (in a glass fronted box) shall be kept

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F!RE PROTECnON MANUAL

In readiness at all times in the pump house.

7.4.3.20 The wiring in all installations shall be done in accordance with the Rules for Electrical Installations - 1998 issued oy the Tariff Advisory Committee.

The pump room shall be artificially heated, if necessary, so as to prevent its temperature from falling 'below 4.SoC at any time.

7.4.4 Petrol or Motor spirit Engine Driven Pumps : (accepted only where installed prior to 1976):

7.4.4.1

Note

Note

1 Low pressure hot water, steam or hot air apparatus or electric radiators only shall be used. If electric radiators are used, the same shall be approved by the Tariff Advisory Committee.

2 Vapour-proof incandescent electric lighting shall be used for the pump house. Naked lights are not permitted.

Note 3 Switches in connection with electric lighting or heating shall be located outside the pump room, but if this ls not practicable, they shall be of flame-proof type conforming . to the relevant Indian Standards Specification (IS:S5 71)

7.4.4.2

7.4.4.3 7.4.4.4

7.4.4.5

7.4.4.6

The engine shall be fitted with dual ignition (magneto and accumulator with coil with separate sparking plugs to each) which shall be so arranged that the engine may be worked on either ignition independently.

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The magneto shall be of the high tension type.

, I

A voltmeter shall be provided and so arranged that the voltage of the accumulator or battery can be ascertained at will.

Except in cases where an independent electric supply is readily' available the engine shall be fitted with and shall work a small low voltage dynamo, from which the accumulator can be recharged when necessary while the engine is running on the magneto.

I"

The conductors from the magneto and accumulator to the sparking plugs shall be run in metal tubes to protect them against injury.

7.4.4.7 The opening to the c!mosphere from the induction pipe shall be fitted with .a flame trap.

7.4.4.8 The engine shall be governCir controlled.

7.4.4.9' The following spare parts shall be kept readily to hand .•

(a) One complete set of piston rings for each cylinder,

(b) Two high tension sparking plugs for each cylinder.

(c) Two valves suitable for inlet or exhaust complete with springs, cotters and washers,

(d) One complete filter for petrol pump feed with cork gasket,'

(e) Two springs for each spring used in the engine,

(f) One complete set of cylinder head and other gaskets.

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42

F[RE PROTECTION MANUAL

.'

7.4.4.10 The engine shall be so arranged that, if necessary, it may be readily and imrnediatelv ~.~

started by one person.

7.4.4.11 The petrol or motor spirit tank from which the engine is fed shall be fitted with a gauge glass or suitable indicator (which shall be protected against mechanical injury)

. I

showing the quantity of petrol or motor spirit contained therein.

'41

The tank shall have ;; hoidinq capacity sufficient to run the engine at full load for _)

about 24 hours.

All joints in the petrol piping shall be brazed.

7:i-.4.12

There shan be kept or. hand at all times sufficle.« petrol or motor spirit to run the ..... ; engine at full load for about 24 hours.

7.4.4.13 The reserve supply of petrol or motor spirit shall be stored in a safe position, away .... )

from the pump house.

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7.4.4.14 Petrol or motor spirit shall only be used.

The use of other substance, such as paraffin, shall not be allowed.

7.4.4. 15 A written declaration shall be given by the insured that the following conditions will be strictly complied with

(a)

I._~)

The engine shall be tested twice a week for at least 10 minutes each time.

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j ne temperature of the pump room shall be maintained not less than 4.SoC (or 40° F) at all times.

The minimum quantitt) of petrol or motor spirit required as stated in 7.4A12 ( .. shall be maintained. in a safe position away from the pump house,

(d) M~!or spirit only shall be used for driving the engine.

(e)

(e) Spare parts as required in 7.4.4.9 shall be kept readily to hand.

7.4.5 Compression. Ignition Engine Driven Pumps :

7.4.5.1 Pump Room :

The Pump Room shall be artificially heated, if necessary, to maintain the temperature of the room above 10°e. Adequate ventilation shall be provided for the air required for aspiration and to limit the temperature rise in the room to 100 C above the ambient temperature when the engine is on full load.

7.4.5.2 Engine:

7.4.5.2.1 The Engine shall be :

(a)

of the compression ignition mechanical direct injection type, capable of being started without the use of wicks, cartridges, heater plugs or ether, at an engine room temperature of 7°C and shall accept full load within 15 seconds from

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FlRE PROTECnON N'tANUAL

43

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the receipt of the signa! to start.

(b) naturally aspirated, supercharged or turbo-charged and either air or water cooled. ln the case of charge air cooling by means of a belt-driven fan or of a belt driven auxiliary water pump there shall be multiple belts 'such that should half the belts break, the remaining belts would be capable of, driving the fan or pump.

(c) capable of operating continuously on full load at the site elevation for a peri?d of six hours.

(d) provided with an adjustable governor to control the engine speed within 10% of its rated speed under any condition of load upto the full load rating. The governor shall be set to maintain rated -pump speed ar'mexlmurn pump load.

(e) provided with an in-built. tachometer to indicate RP.M. of the engine.

7.4.5.2.2 Any manual device fitted to the Engine which could prevent the engine starting shall return automatically to the normal position.

7.4.5.2.3 Engines, after correction for altitude and ambient temperature, shall have bare engine horsepower. rating equivalent to the higher of the following two values :-

(a) 20% in excess of the maximum brake horse-power required to drive the pump at its duty point.

(b) the brake horsepower required to drive the pump at 150% of its rated discharge,

~ ......

Note

In the case of engines guaranteed by the manufacturers as capable of being overloaded by 10% at the rated speed for one hour in any period of 12 hours consecutive running, the value under (b) above may be considered as 10% iower than the horse power required to drive the pump at 150% of its rated discharge.

7.4.5.3

7.4.5.2.4 The coupling between the engine and the pump shall allow each unit to be removed without disturbing the other.

Cooling System:

,
--
" (b)
-.
'. , The following systems are acceptable

(a) co?ling by water from the discharge of fire pump (taken off prior to the pump discharge valve) direct into the engine cylinder jackets via a pressure reducing device to limit the applied pressure to a s~fe value as specified by the engine manufacturer. The outlet connection from this system shai! terminate at least 150 mm. above the engine water outlet pipe

and be directed into an open tun dish so that the discharge water is visible.

a heat exchanger, the raw water being supplied from th~e fire pump discharge (taken off prior to the pump discharge valve) via a pressure reduP.ing device, if necessary, to limit

. \ -

the applied pressure to a safe value as specified by the engine manufacturer. Th e raw

water outlet connection shall be so designed that the discharged water can be readily observed,

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FIRE PROTECnON MANUAL

Note:

7A5.4

7.4.5.5

7.4.5.6

7.4.5.7

'-"

The water in the closed circuit shall be circulated by means of an auxiliary pump driven

from the engine and the capacity of the closed circuit shall not be less than that recommended '-" by the engine manufacturer. If the auxiliary pump is belt driven there shall be multiple v., belts so that should half of the belts break, the remaining belts shall be capable of driving <;: the pump. I.~

(c) a frarne or engine mounted air cooled radiator with a multiple fan belt driven from the _) engine. When half the belts are broken the remaining belts shall be capable of driving I,.) the fan, The water in the closed circuit shall be circulated by means of an auxiliary pump .~, driven by the engine and the capacity of the" closed circuit shall be not less than that

<:»

recommended by the engine manufacturer.

(d) direct air cooling of the engine by means of multiple belt driven fan. When half the belts ()

are broken the remaining belts shall be capable of driving the fan.

In case of systems described in (b) (c) & (d) above a failure actuated audiovisual alarm shall '~) be incorporated.

Air Filtration :

The air intake shall be fitted with a filter of adequate size to prevent foreign matter entering the engine.

Exhaust System

The exhaust shall be fitted with a suitable silencer and the total back pressure shall not exceed the e::,girfp. maker's recom~endation, When the exhaust system rises above the engine, means shall be provided to prevent any condensate flowing into the engine.

Engine Shut-Down Mechanism :

This shall be manually operated and return automatically to the starting position after use.

7.4.5.7.1 Fuel:

Fuel System

The engine fuel oil shall be of quality and grade specified by engine makers. There shall be kept on hand at all times sufficient fuel to run the engine on full load for six hours, in addition to that in the engine fuel tank.

7.4.5.7.2 Fuel Tank:

The fuel tank shall be of welded steel constructed to relevant Indian or Foreign Standard for Mild Steel Drums. The tank shall be mounted above the engine fuel pump to give' gravity feed unless' otherwise recommended by the manufacturer. The tank shall be fitted with an indicator showing the 'level of the fuel in the tank. The capacity of the tank shall be sufficient to allow the engine to run on. full load for

Ught Hazard ;2 Hours

Ordinary Hazard

4 Hours

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45

High Hazard A High Hazard 3

6 Hours 8 Hours

Note Where there is more than one compression ignition engine driven pumpset there shall be a separate fuel tank and fuel feed pipe for each engine.

7.4.5.7.3 Fuel Feed Pipes:

Any valve in the fuel feed pipe between the fuel tank and the engine shall be placed adjacent to the tank and it shall be locked in the open position. Pipe joints shall not be soldered and plastic tubing shall not be used.

7.4.5.7.4 Auxiliary Equipment :-

The following shall be provided

(a) a sludge and sediment trap

(b) a fuel level gauge

. (c) an inspection and cleaning hole.

(d) a filter between the fuel tank and fuel pump mounted in an accessible position for cleaning.

(e) means to enable the entire fuel system to be bied of air. Air relief cocks are not allowed; screwed plugs are permitted.

7.4.5.8

Starting Mechanism :

Provision shall be made for two separate methods of engine starting viz.

(a) Automatic starting by means of a battery powered electric starter motor incorporating the axial displacement type of pinion, having automatic repeat start facilities initiated by a fall in pressure in the water supply pipe to the sprinkler arid/or hydrant installation. The battery capacity shall be adequate for ten consecutive starts without recharging with a cold engine under full compression.

(b) Manual starting by :

(i) Crank handle, if engine size permits

or

(ii) Electric starter motor

Note

The starter motor used for automatic starting may also be used for manual starting provided there are separate batteries for manual starting.

7.4.5.9

Battery Charging :

The means of charging the batteries .shall be by a 2-rate trickle charger with manual selection of boost charge and the batteries shall be charged in position. Where separate batteries are provided for automatic and manual starting the charging equipment shall be capable of trickle charging both the batteries simultaneously. Equipment shall be provided to enable the state of charge 0:

.. ~ . ... .

the batteries to be determined.

/

46 FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

7.4.5.10 TooL:

A standard kit of tools shall be provided with the engine and kept on hand at 2!! Urnes.

7.4.5.11 Spare Parts :

The foHowing spare parts shall be supplied with the engine and kept on hand

(a) . two sets of fuel filters, elements and seals.

(b) two sets of lubricating oil filters, elements and seals.·

(c) two sets of belts (where used)

(d) one complete set of engine-joints, gaskets and hoses,

(e) two injector nozzles,

(f) one complete set of piston rings for each cylinder,

(g) one inlet valve and one exhaust valve

7.4.5.12 Engine Exercising :

The test shall be for a period of at . least five minutes each day. Where dosed circuit cooling systems are used the water level in the primary system shall be checked 'at. the time of carrying out each test and, if necessary, water shall be added during the course of the test procedure.

7.4.5.13 A written declaration shall be given that the following conditions will be strictly complied with:

(a) to test the engine at least once a. week,

(b) .010 maintain the temperature of the engine room at not less than 4.50 C at all times.

(c) to maintain the minimum quantity of fuel oil required as desired in these clauses.

(d) to use a good grade of fuel oil equivalent in quality to that specified by the engine maker,

(e) to keep on hand the spare parts required as specified in 7.4.5.11.

7.5 Mains

7.S.1 The hydrants mains shall be normally laid underground or in masonry culverts with removable covers of incombustible construction and shall be .of anyone of the following types :.

(a) Cast Iron double flanged pipes conforming to the following standards :

Types of Pipes

Class r.s.
of Pipe Specification
B IS 7181
A IS 1537
A IS : 1536 i) Horizontally Cast Iron Pipes ii) Vertically Cast Iron Pipes

iii) Centrifu~lly • Cast (Spun) Iron Pipes

N.B. :

,In case of vertically cast pipes, where the nominal diameter of the pipes exceeds 300 mm or where the pump delivery pressure exceeds 7 kglcm2•0 Class 'B' pipes would be necessary.

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(0) Centrifugally Cost (Spun) Iron Class ~6..' Pipes with Tyton Joints - (Rl1hb(!t gu;ke[cd)

(e) Wrought or mild steel pipes (galvanised or ungalvanised) of 'Medium' grade conforming to 15:1239' or is:3.589 having welded joints and coated and wrapped as per IS; 10221. (MS pipes may be allowed for extension of existing systems which are laid with CI pipes with prior approval of the Committee) Holiday Testing for Wrapping and Coating of M5 Pipes are essential.

(d)

At leasUO% of all the welded joints shall be radiographically tested and half of the jolnts radiographed shall be field joints.

Unplasticized PVC 'Class 4' pipes conforming to 15:4985 and MDPE pipes conforming to 15:4984.

N.B.

These pipes are permitted for use in Light Hazard Occupancies for underground mains only.

7.5.2

Underground Cast Iron mains shall be laid such that the top .of the pipe is not less than one

~ .

metre below the ground level and masonry or equivalent supports shall be provided at regular

intervals. as far as possible Mild Steel pipes shaH also be laid 1m below ground level.

N.B.-l

Where applicable, Radiography Test Certificate and Films for welded Joints of mild steel pipes and holiday Test Certificates for coating and wrapping of underground mild steel pipes shall be submitted before final inspection. Holiday testing may preferablybeearned-by Flexibla and detachable ring probe which will enable the entire 360 degree of the surface of the pipe to be scanned.

N.B,-2

In case of poor soil conditions, it may be necessary to provide continuous masonry or equivalent supports.

7.5.3 Mains above ground shall be of 'Medium' grade wrought or mild steel (galvanisedor unqalvenised) conforming to 15:1239 or 15:3589 with welded, threaded or flanged joints, adequately supported at regular intervals on masonry or RCC stools or pedestals and not on pipe racks. The spacing of supports shall be 3.5m .for 80, 100 and 125 mm dia pipes, 5m for 150, 200 and 250 mm

. dia pipes and 7m for pipes 'above 250 mm dia Pipes shaii be run at least 6 m. away from the face of the buildings and open storage areas in case of Light and Ordinary Hazard Occupancies and 15 m. in case of High Hazard Occupancies.

7.5.4 Mains shall not be laid under buildings. Where, however, circumstances necessitate IG~':ng of mall, i under buildings, prior permission of the Committee-shell be obtained and the portion of rnair.s falling under the buildings shall be laid in masonry trenches with removable covers and cut-of. valves shall be provided at points of entry and exit. As far as possible, mains sha!' not be b::: under large open storages, railroads and roads carrying heavy traffic.

7.5.5 The mains shall not traverse ground that is not under the control of the owner of ;;~8 insiailaticr; nor under a public roadway. The Tariff Advisory Committee may, at their discret::J.n, relax th.s requirement in extenuating circumstances.

7.5.6 "Fhe system shall be capable of withstanding for two hours a pressure equivalent to 150% of th,;: maximum working pressure. V~hile, Hycirotesting, inclusion of cut off valves in the mains to b:'

tested should be avoided. \

,/

i8 FIRE PROTECTfON MANUAL

7.5.7 Ail bait holes in fianges shall be drilled. The dril1ing of each nange shaH be in accordance with the relevant Indian Standards.

7.5.8 Flanges shall be faced and have jointing of rubber insertion or asbestos compound.

7.5.9 Fittings installed underground shall be of cast iron 'heavy' grade conforming to 1$; 1538 or 85:1641 whereas those installed above ground shall normally be of 'Medium'. grade wrought steel or mild steel conforming to IS: 1239 Part J1 or malleable iron fittings conforming to 15:1879, parts 1 to X.

7.5.10

Mains shall be laid in rings (excepting as specified in N.BA below) and their size shall be as per Tables 3 & 3A but the size of the initial pipe shall. not, in any case, be less than the internal diameter of the delivery outlet of the pump.

TABLE 3 (FOR UGHT HAZARD OCCUPANCIES) ,

Number of hydrants in the whole system

Size of Mains mm

Percentage of all mains iilcluding terminal mains and risers*.

1 to 20 21 to 55

100 125' 100 125 100

100% 45% 55% 60% 40%

56 to 100

\

\}\iumber of hydrants in the whole system

TABLE 3A (FOR ORDINARY HAZARD OCCUPANCIES)

Size of Percentage of all
Mains mm mains including
terminal mains and risers ..
100 100%
125 40% I
100 60%
150 20%
125 35%
100 45%
150 25%
125 40%
100 35%
See l'LB. 3(a) "and 3(b) hereunder. to 5 6 to 20

21 to 55

56 to ico

Exceeding 100

.. 80 mm diameter terminal and/or riser main's shall be taken as 100 mm diamet_er mains for this purpose.

N.B.1: In calplihting the number of hydrants in the system, a double headed hydrant shall be counted as two, a fixed monitor of 63 mm size having nozzle bore of 32 mm shall be counted as three,

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49

FIRE FROTECTION MANUAL

a fixed monitor. of. 75 mm size having nozzle bore of 38 mm shall be counted as four and a fixed monitor of 100 mm size having nozzle bore of 45 mm as six hydrant points.

In case of Oil Refineries, Petrochemical complexes or other rtsks, where double heeded hydrants ore used throughout the system so that the total number of hydrants (counling a double headed hydrant as two hydrants) is about double the number of hydrants required as per the general requirements of this Manual, a double headed hydrant may be regarded as.a single hydrant only.

Note

,. ,

For High Hazard occupancies, the hydrant system shall be hydraulically so designed that when half the aggregate pumping capacity is being discharged at the farthest/hydraulically most remote point and the other half in the most vulnerable area 'enroute, a minimum running pressure of 5.25 kgJcmz is available at the former point and the rate of flow of water does no, exceed 5 rn/second anywhere in the system

N.B.Z

In case the hydraulically most remote point is the area detcrrnlnlng the fire pump capacity, (he entire aggregate pumping capacity shall be considered as being discharged at this point at a minimum running pressure of 5:25 kg./cm2 and the hydrant system shall be .so designed that the rate' of flow of water does not exceed .5 metres/second anywhere in the system.

In case the hydraulically most remote point happens to be ordinary/light hazard occupancy, the pressure requirement at this point can be restricted to 3.5 kgfcm2• However pressure available

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at the high hazard area immediately preceding the ordinar),r/light hazard area must be 525 kg!

ern",

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N.B.3

For Light and Ordinary Hazard Occupancies having more than 55 points, either of the followinq methods may be followed :

...

(8) The hydrant service be constituted of single or more than one inter-connectec hydrant systems, each with its individual pump set according to Table 2 unci water supplies equivalent to the aggregate requirements of the number of pump sets installed.

(b) A single hydrant system may be installed provided, it is hydraulically designed {where the highest hydrant is located more' than 20 m above ground level, pre calculated systems shall not be accepted) as per the parameters indicated in N.8. 2 above, except that rr.inirnurn running pressure shall be 3.5 kg/cm2 instead of 5.25 kgfcml (minimum diarnc.cr of the pipe used in the ring mains shall however not be less than 100 mrn).

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N.B.4

In the case of riser mains in storeyed buildings and in locations where it is not fea;i,;)~<: to b\., a ring main, ;J. terminal main may be provided, but in no case shall the number of hydrants on such terminal mains exceed 5.

,I:>,. terminal main of 80 mm diameter shell not feed more than one hydrant, that having c. diameter of 100 mm shall not feed more lhan 11.\'0 hydsarus, that huving a diameter of 125 ;':~11l shell not fe;::d more than three hydrants and a main of 150 mm shall not feed more tha:1 five :-:~Jdr;:mts.

Note

The Committee may, at their discretion, Permit more than five hydrants on riser mains oi storeyed structures.

N.B.S

In case of systems designed on the basis of pressure 105s calculations, (he piping routes selected

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50

.\",' :

FIRE PROTECTiON MANUAL

',--

7.5.11

N.B.!

N.B.2

N.B.S

7.5.12

7.5.14

7.6

. .:- .

'along with "Nodal Point" commemorating with the pressure loss calculation s~eets should be distlnc' ,!

marked in the Drawing.

Cut-off (!solating) valves are necessary to obtain the best possible pressure at the seat of fire " they enable a damaged portion of the installation to be isolated whilst full pressure is avallabl= throughout the remainder. These valves are distributed according to the gel1erallayout of the installation and not according 10 fixed'rules. For this reason, the proposed position of these valves shall hov",

the prior approval of the Committee. )

Cut-off valves shall conform to IS 780, PN 1.0115 2906, Class 2 or 851414 or AP9600 in casl:.'

of cast steel valves of class 150.

In case of systems having working pressure in excess of 7kglcm2 P.N. 1,6 mting would be necessary-_) for valves conforming to IS:780 and Class 3 for those conforming 10 15:2906. Cast steel valves,,}

of class 150 are however acceptable irrespective of the working pressure of the system.

Other types of valves like rising spindle valves may be used, subject to prior approval of the (. i

Committee.

1...) Butterfly valves also can be accepted subject to the condition tlw( the valves of dia exceeding ..

\ I

ISO m.m. shall necessarily be gear operated.

All cui-off valves shell be of the right hand type and enclosed in properly constructed surface

\....)

box, at least 1 M2 so as to allow for broken joints being easily remade. The top of the surface

box shall be 80 mm above ground level, except where it is located on a road. Valve wheels '~ shall have an arrow head engraved or cast thereon showing direction for turning 'open' and 'close'. I...

. It b" recommended that the position of the surface box be indicated by an iron plate painted ,~ 'fire red' with distinct lettering. Such plates shall also show the 'open' and 'close' direction as " cast or "Indicated on the valves and the serial no. of the sluice valve also should be indicated.

In case-of installations in earthquake prone zones, some form of flexible couplinqs approved by the Committee shall lie used for jointing purposes.

Hydrants/Fixed Monitors :

7.6.'1 Water shall be available immediately to all' hydrants/fixed monitors at all limes, with all cut-off valves being kept open. Before Final inspection, the Hydrant System shall be flushed thoroughly.

7 .6.2 Connections for any purpose other than fire fighting are not permitted from the hydranV fixed monitor/stand post or from any portion of the 'hydrant service.

7.6.3 Except where impracticable, all hydrant outlets shall be situated 1 m. above ground level.

7.6.4 The stand posts shall be 80 rnrn in diameter for singh~ headed hydrants: 100 mm for double headed hydrants and monitors of 63 mm or 75 mm size and 150 m~for monit~r

y - ~ • •

of 100 mm size. It is recommended that stand posts be painted 'fire red' {shade ,No.S36

as per IS:5) and numbered (or easy identification.

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FIRE PROTECT[ot~ MANUAL

51

7.6,5 .Permisslon to tnstcH hvdrahts below ground level will be given in very special cases only.

Where such permission has been given, the hydrants shall be properly enclosed in a surface box of cast iron or masonry 750 mm square and 80 mm above ground level. the top of the hydrant outlet being not more than 80 mm below the top of the box.

7.6.6 Only oblique hydrants conforming to [5:5290, Type A 'with outlets angled towards ground shall be used. Thehydranl couplings shall be of gun metaVstainless steel of the instantaneo~s spring-lock {female} type of 63 mm dia. and valves shall be of the screw down type.

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7.6.8
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7.6.9
7.6.10 .•

7.6.11

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Branch pipe/nczzle of monitor shall be of gun metal/stainless steel. Aluminium Couplings? Branch pipe and noazles are prohibited.

: Orifice plates of suitable design may be provided for hydrants where the pressure exceeds. 7 kgJcm2•

Double headed hydrant shall consist of two separate landing valves. A single control, valve shall not be permitted.

Hydrants shall be easily accessible, storage of any kind on or around the hydrant being prohibited. Where hydrants are situated in remote locations, they shall be approachable by means of paved pathways,

Hydrants located in situations where they are likely to be damaged by vehicular traffic shall be suitably protected on all sides against possible damage.

/ Hydrants shall be located beating in mind the attendant fire hazards at the different

sections of the premises to be protected and so as to give most effective service. They shall be so distributed as to provide protection for the buildings on all sides and need not necessarily be equidistant from each other .

Advantage shall be taken of convenient door and/or window openings to place hydrants so that only a minimum length of hose is required to reach the openings through which fire may be attacked. In case or continuous blank walls, suitable provision shaH be made on the walls near hydrant posts for easy access inside the premises.

At least one hydrant post sh<:i: be provided for ever)' 60m. of external wall measurement,

..... ---~.. -'~""_ .... - .... - ~ . - '-. . . .

in case of Ught Hazard O~.t;_~').<).D<:;Y, for every 115 m. in case of Ordinary Ha;ard Occupancy

..._.__ ........ _- -.,~ - - .-. ------ ----. -

and every 30 m. oi external wancm~.asurement. or perimeter of unit battery llrr.it in

case of High Hazard Occupancy

Measurements shall be calculated on the total length of walls of all buildings/perimeter of all battery limits to be protected except in the case of -opposite buildings (other than those of High Hazard category) within 22.5 m, of each other, where the measurement of the shorter opposing wall may be omitted .

Further, aU· Hydrants arid Monitors should be serially numbered.

Notwithstanding the above. hydrants protecting Utilities and Miscellaneous buildings in High hazard risks may be spaced at 45 m.

52

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FiRE PROTECTION MANUAL

7,6.12

7.6.13

7.6.14

N.B.

7.6,15

No building shall be' deemed to be protected by a hydrant unless such hydrant is, within 15 m. of the building. Where any part of a building is normally used for storag~~_ "_

,

purpose or where hazardous processes are carried out, there" shall be two single or one double headed hvdrant within 15 in. of the building, the layout being such that

,._ .' " ..

two jets of water can be played simultaneously on the highest point of the roof. In case of Buildings/Plants occupied for High Hazard process or storages, the above specified distance may be increased to 22.5 rn.

In case of buildings having roofs other than RCC, it is advisable to provide hydrants at the roof level along with access staircases in order to fight the fire by breaking open the roofs if necessary.

Hydrant heads shall be positioned at distances not less than 2m. from the face of the building, edge of the storage plot to be protected except in the case of high hazard occupancies wherein the hydrant heads shall be Ideated not less than 705m. from the face of the building, edge of the storage plot or from the plant battery limits.

In case where, owing to the size or layout of the building, or due to the buildinq being divided by internal walls, any point within the building is at a distance of more than 4501. from an external fire hydrant, an internal hydrant system shalt be provided so that no portion of the floor is more than 4S M from an external hydrant or 30 m. from an internal hydrant.

.. In case of large switch yards, where it is not feasible to lay internal hydrants, alternate hydrants may be replaced by monitors of suitable size.

Distanc~ of 4Srn ind~v.ted above shall be increased to 60m for light hazard occupancies and reduced to 30 rn for high hazard occupancies.

In case of sloreycd buildings, satisfactory access shall be provided to DB parts of each floor by means of incombustible internal or. external staircases. Normally, a minimum of two such staircases will be needed per compartment, but in case the area of the compartment exceeds 2000 m2., an additional staircase shall be provided for every additional 1500 m2, or part thereof, On the other hand, if a compartment has a floor area of less than 500 n:2, one access staircase shall be acceptable, The access staircases shall be so located that, as far as possible, n~ part of each floor is more than 30 m. from the nearest staircase. Where· it is not possible to locate the staircase in the aforesaid manner, the Committee may suggest alternative methods for protection of such l<lrge upper floors. External Access staircases shall be open to ~ky,

The staircases shall conform to the following:

-

\

'_

- .

-

..

-

...

7,6.15.1 Internal staircases shall be so located that at least one of its enclosing walls is an external e

wall of the building. A door opening shaH be provided in this external wall at ground floor level. The enclosing walls shell be of brick work at least 230 mm thick or reinforced

. .

of [he building,' unless the roof is of jack arch or reinforced concrete construction in

concrete at least 100 mm thick carried through and at least 450 mm above the roof t

\.

F'[REPROTEcnON MANUAL.

53

N.B.:

which case the walls need be carried upto the roof only. Every opening from the staircase to any portion of the building or to a roof used as a floor shall be,fitted with a single fireproof door.

The above rule will not apply to buildinqs, the upper floors of which are occupied by offices, air washer plants, rest rooms, cloak rooms, canteen and the like.

7.6.15.2 External staircases without side covering need not have .. openings at each floor level protected by single fireproof doors. However, if external staircases are enclosed, they shall be considered equivalent to internal staircases.

Note: There shall be no equipment within 2 M of the staircases and/or its landings.

7.6.15.3 Staircases shall be not be less' than 750 mm clear width with treads not less than and risers not more th~n 200 mm and under no circumstances shall the staircase have an inclination of more than 60 degrees to' the horizontal.

Note:

7.6.15.4

Iron rung . ladders or spiral staircases shall not be acceptable.

In the case of enclosed staircases, all windows therein falling within 3:":1. of any other openings in 'the building shall normally be protected by wired glass in steel framework in accordance with the Committee's regulations. Conversely, in t:'e case or open sided staircases, window and door openings of the building falling within 3",. of the staircase shall normally be protected by wired glass in steel framework and sin;:e fireproof door respectively in accordance with the Committee's regulations.

7.6.155

Note The latter part of this rule shall not apply to buildings which are esserr.ally open sided .

..

Exits to the' access staircases shall always 'be kept open during "'Jork::-;g hours. During non-workinq hours, the exits may be locked from the staircase SiS2 only. Locks of all exits shall have one master-key which shall be available either a, the main gate or any other prominent and easily ecccssible location known to the :i;(l ::::.;hting personnel, Alternatively, the key shall be kept in a glass fronted box or in the nose box on the staircase landing.

7.6.15.6 A hydrant shall be provided on every floor landing which shal. ;-':c: '::0' less than 1.5:n x 1 m. The mains feeding the landing hydrants shall be provlccc '.;."::;' a cut-off valve at ground level (also see N.B.4 under rule 7.5.10 and rule 7 '7.::.3)

7.6.16

7.6.16.1

Specific requirements for provisions of monitors in plant areas

. 7.6.16.2

Tall columns, structure, towers and equipment where it may no: ':2 ~:)ssible to provide access staircases with hydrants on landings thereof as per rule 7.6.: S. ·.':i1l be considered as protected by hydrants at ground level, provided they are less ::-,:::.:-. 15' M in height. When the height exceeds 15 N, the concerned hydrants shall \::-e :.z;:::oced by monitors.

___ .

Alkrnate hydrants for protection of loading I unloading bays. be replaced by water/foam monitors.

gantries shall

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54

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

7.6.17

Protection of Basements :

7.6.17.1 Staircases/ramps shull provide access to all parts of the basement directly from the outside of the building at ground level. The number and location of the staircases! ramps shall be such that no part of the basement is more than 45 metres from the nearest staircase/ramp.

7.6.17.2 It is recommended that the staircase/ramp be provided with emergency lighting facilities.

Where maintenance of illumination depends upon changing from one energy source to another, there shall be no appreciable interruption of illumination during changeover. Where emergency lighting is provided by means of electric generi:ltor, a delay of not more than 10 seconds shall be permitted for changeover.

Emergency lighting facilities shall be arranged to maintain proper illumination for a period of one-and-a-half hours in the event of lighting failures.

The Emergency lighting system shall be so arranged as to provide sufficient illumination eutomaticelly in the event of any interruption of normal lighting.

7.6.17.3 One landing valve shall be provided for each staircase/ramp at each basement level in addition to the provision of a hydrant at the ground leveL

7.6.17.4 Proper drainage facility shall be provided to drain the fire-fighting water out of the basement.

7.6, is

Storage of material in the open shall be protected. as undec:·

l,·retais, !'-1etallic goods, Machinery and other non-

hazardous storage

One single hydrant for every 60 m. of

the storage periphery located beyond 2 rn, but within 15 m of storage area.

Coal or Coke

One single hydrant for every 45 m of

the storage periphery located beyond 2m, but within 15 m of storage area.

Other storages

One double hydrant for every 45 m of the storage periphery located beyond 2 rn., but within 22.5 rn, of storage area.

N.B. 1

In the case of open storage areas of foHowing materials, at least 50% of hydrants shall be replaced :"y fixed monitors having nozzle bore of 38 mm diameter if the individual stack height is more than 6m. and total storage exceeds 5000 tonnes.

Bamboo Grass/Hay

Bagasse Timber

N.B.2

Where. hydrants/monitors located along one longer side of a storage area are more than 90 m. from those along the other longer side, reference shall be made to the committee.

"

7.6.19

Hydrants. for the protection of combustible/Ilammable liquid storage tanks shall be located beyond 15m .• but within 35 rn elf tank shell as specified below :

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FIRE PROTECTION lo'\ANLIAL

55

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1 DH or 2 SH

Tanks upto 10m. D;a. e Tanks above '10m, Dia. And Llnfo 20m. Dia.

Tanks above 20m. Oia.

2 DH or 4 SH

3 DrI or 6 SH

N.B.!

N.B.2

N.B_3

N.B.4

In case tanks are located more than 22,5 m, from the dyke walls, one double h't,drant or two, single hydrants sh'all.be replaced by.a 38 ~m monitor, (Every alteihate monitor should be a Foam

Monitor and a minium '~f - one such Foam Monitor should be provided) "

For the tanks located more than 45 m from the dyke walls, in addition to the monitor/s, the tank shall be protected by Fixed Foam/MJJ.WS, System (Manual/Automatic} complying with the Committee's Rules.

Hydrants/monitors shall not be installed within dyked enclosures nor can the hydrant main pass through it

Floating roof storage tanks and floating cum fixed roof storage tanks exceeding 30m in diameter and fixed roof storageta~ks containing products having flash point below 32°c shall be considered as hydrant protected only if supplementary medium velocity water spray system or fixed/semi fixed foam-system (either automatic or manually operated) conforming to regulations is also provided,

In case of foam system there shall be additional protection by water spray system in the form of a ring along the top edge of the vertical face of the tank. Other than dispensing with additional rings, the supplementary water spray protection shall comply with the Committee's Regulations.

Insulate~~s shall also .be .provided .with M, ·.v;---W?iter Spray 'Protection:' ,-

------

N.B.S

N.B.6

N.B.7

N.B.S

7.620

N.Rl

N.B.2

.. I

No water spray protection is required for ammonia spheres/tanks, ,4"

Cryogenic storage tanks and double walled tanks shall be treated on par with the insulated tanks, However, metallic roof of the double wajje~!tanks (RCe or otherwise) will need to be protected with rn.v Water sp'ray system at a (ma~datory) rate of 3 lpm/rn" for the roof portion only,

..

Adequate provision shall be made to promptly and effectively dispose off all liquids from the iire areas during operation of fire protection systems in such areas.

For protection of spheres/bullets/hydrants/ monitors shall be located beyond 15:n but within 35m of the shell of the spheres/bullets, The number of hydrants/monitors shall C'"' governed by the water capacity of the bullets/spheres as specified hereunder:

Upto ·50 m3 • 3 sh or (1 sh + 2 dh)

Above 50 m3 - 1 monitor + 2 sh (or 1 dh)

And upto 150 m3

Above 150 m3 - 2 monitors + 4 sh (or 2 dh)

Supplementary protection of bullets/spheres bymedium velocity water spray syste-::l (either automatic or manually operated) conforming to regulations is mandatory.

Hydrant/monitor shall not be installed within dyked/fenced enclosures nor can riydrent mains pass 'through such enclosures .

--- ",-~~-------,,---,--,-,-,. , .

F[RE PROTECTION MANUAL

7.7 Hose Pipes and Nozzles :

7.7.1 In the case of yard hydrants, hose pipes and nozzles shall be installed pither incer.tral hose stations which shall be of the type illustrated in figure No. 12 (which enables the condition and quantity of hose, nozzles, etc., 10 be checked over at a glance and ensures that other useful equipment is ready at hand in the event of a fire) or near each hydrant in glass fronted hose boxes of suitable design.

N.B.

7.7.2

Note

Locations and number of hose stations will depend upon several factors such as fire loads, accessibility and positions of watch posts. Prior approval of the Committee shall, therefore, be obtained regarding locations of the hose stations before they are constructed.

In case of hydrants on upper floors or internal hydrants, hose pipes and nozzles shall necessarily be installed near each hydrant in glass fronted hose boxes of suitable design.

Requirements of Hose Pipes :

If hose is kept in central hose stations, for each of the first ten hydrants in the compound of the premises {a double headed hydrant counting as two except where they are provided as a standard practice throughout the system), two lengths of hose 15 m. each and an additional 15 rn, 16.~gih for each hydrant in excess of ten, shall be provided.

In case of systems having more than 55 hydrant outlets, the total number of hose lengths required may be limited to 65 plus 20 percent of the number of hydrant outlets in excess of 55. Where

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a fire engine is maintained on the premises manned by a whole time fire brigade, the number •

___ ..... .of.hose.plpes.raquired '(including_those on theengine)_would be 65 plus 10- percent.of.the number ~-- -of outlets 4n excess of 55.

7.7.3.2

7.7.3.3

7.7.3.4

7.7.3,5

7,73.6

If hose is kept in hose boxes alongside hydrants, each box shall contain two lengths of 15 rn. each.

For use with each hydrant on staircase landing or with each internal hydrant, two lengths of hose 7.5 m. shall be provided. In case of basement hydrants two lengths of hose 15 m shall be provided.

All hoses shall be of 63 mm. diameter of either of the followlnq types :-

(i) Unlined flax canvas complying with Indian Standard IS:4927.

[ii] Rubber lined woven-jacketed complying with Type w. {Reinforced Rubber lined)of Indian Standards IS:636.

(iii) Controlled Percolation type complying with Indian Standards 15:8423.

Ordinary rubber lined woven-jacketed hose complying with the specification of Type B of Indian Standards IS:636 may be permitted to be used in lieu of the above upto a maximum of 50% of the total hose requirements of the hydrant system.

AU couplings shall be of the instantaneous spring-lock type and the nozzles shall be of not less t~an.16 mm. in diameter, nor more than 25 mm in diameter except in case of high hazard occupancies where the maximum nozzle diameter, may be 32 mm. subject to the approval of the Committee. All coupllngs, branch pipes and nozzles shall be of gun metal or stainless steel and shall otherwise comply with IS : 903-1984.

FIRE PROTECnON MANUAL

57

~

7.7.3.7

7.7.3.8

Note

7.7.3.9

Hose shall be attached (0 the coupling (other than of ferrule type) in the following manner:-

Each half of the coupling shall have two 5 mm. diameter holes drilled in the tail. The hose shall be first fixed to the tail of the coupling with copper rivets then served or bound with 1.5 mm galvanised mild steel or copper wire for a length of 50 mm which will extend to the outer ends of the grooving on the coupling tail, Over the galvanised mild. steel or copper wire a leather or equally protective band shall be bound with four strands of 1.12 mm galvanised mild steel or copper wire at each end ofthe band. The protective band shan be carried beyond the tail of the coupling to prevent kinking.

Copper 'wire, if used, shall be softened before being used.

Couplings attached to the hose otherwise than by copper rivets shall not be accepted as they

are apt to become dislodged under pressure.

"

Spare hose to the extent of 10 percent of the above requirements, v:ith a minimum quantity of 30 m. shall be always kept readily available. Such spare hose shall also be in 15 m. lengths, readily attached to couplings ..

In calculating the number of lengths of hose required under the above scala, any fraction_ of a number shall be counted as one:

It is recommended that a system of marking and numbering hose be arranged so that the various lengths are easily recognizable,

• _+ 71,3.10 In ceD!L~.LbQSL.Slati_ODs_and_ho.se boxes a lin containing aset - oi: spare --rubberc-ringspacked inH'~ h french chalk, shall be kept.

_.

7.7.3.11 Central hose stations and hose boxes shall be so arranged that hose is not exposed to the sun

rays.

7.7.3.12 All centra! hose stations or hose boxes, when provided with locks shall have one master key which shall be available either at the main gate or any other prominent and easily accessible location known to the fire fighting personnel.

7.7.4

7.7.4.1

7.7.4.2

7.7.4.3

Requirements of Nozzles :

The number of nozzles to be provided shall be equivalent to half the number of hose pipes installed on the premises.

In locations where a jet of 'water directed from a normal type nozzle is likely to cause more harm than good or where a gentle spray of water is essential for the extinguishment of a fire, a fog type or a spray type of nozzle complying with IS 2871 shall he used.

Spare nozzles to the extent: of 10 percent of the above requirements, with a minimum of two, shall always be kept readily available.

~

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58

7.8

7.9

7.9.1

7.9.2

7.9.3

7.9.4

7.9.5

7.9.7

7.9.8

7.9.9 7.9.10

FIRE PROTECTION NtANUAL

Foam Compounds :

--=-_- ..

Foam systems shal. conform to NFPA 11 and l1A, 16A arid/or relevant SIS specification. IS- 12835 or LPC Rub for Foam Systems. The stock of foam compound to be maintained shall be equivalent to at least two times the requirement of the tank needing maximum quantity of foam. Foam compound shall be chemically neutral (PH. 6.5 to 7.5)

Fire Fighting Personnel :

As the efficiency of a hydrant service and/or of internal appliances depends upon the manner and .speed with which they are' brought into use and the ability with which the effort is directed, a squad 'consisting of watch and ward personnel, fire pump men and departmental supervisors and/or operatives trained in the operation of the fire service shall be maintained on th? premises round the clock. The number of personnel constituting the squad shall necessarily depend upon the' size of the risk, but in no case shall less than eight trained persons be available at any time during the day or night. Minimum number of trained persons required may be further reduced to six in case of automatic pressurised hydrant systems.

Squad leaders shall preferably be recognised government institution trained and their usefulness would be considerably enhanced if they reside on the premises,

Squad personnel shall be provided with clothing and equipment including helmets, bells and boots, preferably gum boots,

A muster roll showing the duties allocated to each member of the brigade shall be prepared and copies supplied to each squad lea~~~ .~: .. well as paS!§9in convenient.places throughout· the·premises~-·-

'--s~ras.!o~cKlyavcijrable for reference in case of emergency. \

Practice drills shall take place weekly and it is a condition of the approval by (he Committee to the discount for hydrant service that wet drills shan be carried out at intervals of no! more than a Iort-nigh! and that the entire squad on duty shall turn out during the visits of the committee's Inspectors.

During wet drills, hydrants (inctudipg those of upper floors}, hose pipes and nozzles, shall be taken into use in rotation so- that the efficacy of these appliances would be automatically checked and any defects observed, set right.

A register shall be kept as per Appendix V showing details of all practices and defects. if any, reported in the installation. This register shall be open to examination by the Committee's Inspectorate.

The services of the pump man (see 7,10.1.1.1) could be profitably utilised for the maintenance of all fire fighting appliances (including hand appliances ~ See 4.1;5.1.1). He shu!! also be thoro.ughly conversant with the locations of all appliances, particularly of hydrant cutoff valves so that in an eventuality he would be of assistance- to the factory's. fire brigade or the Town's fire brigade.

Keys of all doors in the factory premises shall always be available at the main gate.

.' .

It is recommended that fire pump room(s) and the main gate(s) of all factory premises be connected to all manufacturing sections through the internal telephone system. Telephones interlinked to this

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FrRE PROTECTION t.f(ANUAL

59

system may Q{I,o be put up in proper cubicles at convenient locations near godown ranges and other strategic' points. This would effect saving of valuable time in an emergency to alert the fire fjghting personnel and the pump man.

7,10 Maintenance

7.10.1 Pumps: 7.10.1.1. General:

7.10.1.1.1 A trained pump man (see 7.9.8) shall be available on all shifts and at all hours of the day and night. to op~ra!e the pumps as and when required.

7.10.1.1.2 Pump sets shall be run for at least five minutes every day.

7.10.1.1.3 The level of water in the priming tank shall be checked daily to ensure that the foot valve of the pump is nol leaking.

7.10.1.1.4 All pump glands shall be maintained in efficient working condition and the packing renewed as required to maintain efficiency.

7.10.1.1.5 Suction and delivery valves shall be examined once every six months, particularly where sand or other objectionable matter is liable to be drawn through the pU':lP suction.

7.10.1.1.6 All working parts shall be kept clean and lightly oiled as cleanliness greatly adds to efficiency.

Any necessary repairs shall be put in hand and carried out immediately.

7.10.1.2 Steam Pumps:

... 1.10.1.2.1--The steafl1;cylindcrs' of-pump~-shall always be "kept warrn and 'effii::lenC draln'ing '-arrang;;;-~;:;!~ _.provided.

7.10.1.2.2 A minimum of (Wo sets of piston and bucket rings shaii be provided.

7.10.1.2.3 Small parts such as snifting valves, cushioning valves and pet cocks shell have special attention because faults in these valves cause the pump to knock badly and lese efficiency.

7.10.1.3

Electrically Driven Pumps :

7.10.1.3.1 The bearing grease cup shall be checked once every week and refilled with fresh grease, if necessary. 7.10.1.3.2 Starter contacts shall be cleaned once every week.

7.10.1.3.3 Insulation resistance of pump motor circuit shall be examined once every six months and record of results shall be maintained.

7.10.2 Mains:

7.10.2.1 Hydrant mains shail be tested once a fortnight with a pump delivering at its maximum pressure, with all hydrant valves closed and, thereafter, a running test with two or more hose lines each 30 m. long operating shall be carried out. This checks the efficiency 0: the pump as well as the tightness of the bvdrant mains (See Rule 7.9 also).

---_ -~-----~-~.-~- ..

. J

60 FIRE PROTECTION f\-\ANUAL

7.10.2.2 All cut-off valves shall be operated and oiled, if necessary, once a month.

7.1 0.2.3 C~t-off valves shall be thoroughly overhauled annually to remove sludge and other foreign matter collected in the valve seating.

7.10.3 Hydrants:

7.10.3.1 All hydrants shall. be examined systematically once a week to ensure that valves and spring catches are maintained in good condition and all brass parts polished.

7.10.3.2 Spare washers shan be kept for hydrant valve seats.

7.10.3.3 It is recommended that the painting of standposts be carried out annually.

7.10.4 Hose Pipes. and Nozzles

'/ .10.'1.1 /\1: hr:':" h(")w~/hose stations shall be inspected externally once every week to ensure that the equipment installed therein is intact. Further, the hose boxes/hose stations shall b,e cleaned internally and externally once a month.

7.10.4.2 When the hose gets worn out at the tail end of the coupling(sl, it is permissible to cut the end(s} of the hose. However should the lengths of the hose after cutting(s} fall below 90 percent of its original, l.e. 15 m. or 7.5 m., the hose shall be discarded.

7.10.43 A Hose Register shall be kept showing the history of each length. Information such as date purchased,

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date brought into use, date cut (if reduced in length), is useful and a column shall be provided (;.

for remarks by the. Committee's Inspectors to ~hose _inspection th_~. !}_()s.~_~.g~s..~er shall be _o_p.en .. __ €.

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I,LU.4.4- Any hose becoming inefficient through use, neglect or from any other cause, shall be discarded. C.

7.10.4.5 Fire rr,:,~~~'!:""'=-. :- . :'. ~: , ... ;; IIUl oe used for purposes other than fire protection and drill. All concerns are advised to keep a supply of cheap hose for watering paths, washing out or filling boilers, etc. Such hose shall not be mixed with fire protection hose but kept in an entirely separate place.

7 1 () 4.6 It is recommended that hose couplings and branch pipes be polished once a fortnight.

7.10.4.7 Considerable diversity (If practice has been noticed in the attention paid to the drying and storing

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of hose and the following suggestions in this connection shall be carried out : C

After use, hose to be thoroughly washed in dean water and then thoroughly dried. A rack or C

some similar contrivance at least 10 rn. high is to be provided sothat, after cleaning,hose may (:

be suspended to drain and dry evenly.

This is to be done in the shade and not in the sunshine so that the hose is evenly dried inside and out. Care needs 10 be exercised so that it is not removed until it is thoroughly dry in all places. The hose is to be then thoroughly brushed with a hard bristle or wire brush, and rerolled. care being taken to choose a dry and clean place whereon to roll it; and replace in the boxes or hose stations.

Care is to be taken aft~r washing so that the hose does not touch the ground, where it might be soiled"

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FIRE PROTECnON MANUAL

61

7.11 7.11.1

7.11.2

7.11.3

7.11.4

7.1L5

7.11.6

7.12

7.12.1

Hose needs [0 be rolled up evenly and cc: rcilll iI,', the [i.'!·n"le: or sp:ii1<J coupling end being in the centre. 11; this manner the spring clips, when gl'2.speu one: In cech hand, \.arm a 'reel' and (he hose can be quickly lUi. Gut in the event of fire.

OR ALTERNATIVELY

The hose is to be doubled in the centre of its length and rolled up evenly from the fold. Both the Male and Female couplings will then be on the outside of the roll. This permits the nozzle being attached to the hose while being stored in readiness for use, and the hose runs out without twisting.

Measures are to be takenwhere the installation is for any reason temporarily inoperative:

Where the installation is expected to remain inoperative for a period ex.ceeding ~4 hours, prior sanction shall be obtained from the Committee.

If any component of the hydrant system is to be replaced for any re~son whatsoever, the entire system shall not be rendered inoperative but the particular section only shal] be isolated by closing the necessary cut-off valves. If, however, it is not possible to complete the replacement before nightfall, the. cut-off valves sh,~-)l nnt be left closed overnight. Instead, blank flanges shall be provided at the point where- the component has been removed so that the entire system, other than the component which has been removed, would remain operative through the night.

Only one compartment of the reservoir shell be emptied out at the time of cleaning or repair work.

If the foot .Jlaive of the suction line is removed for cleaning/repairs, it shall, as far as practicable, be replaced before nightfaU.

If the pump is expected to be inoperative for more (han 72 hours, every effort shall be made to connect the service water supply to the h~'dral\t system for the duration the pump is inoperative,

If the hydrant service is to be extended, the extended portion shaH be first laid and, thereafter, the connection between the existing system and the extension shall be carried cut expeditiously, so that the entire system is not left inoperative overnight.

SPECIAL DISPENSATIONS FOR (ELECTRICAL GENERATING STATIONS THERr.1AU GAS BASED POWER PLANTS.)

Special dispensations ili·e'·aiiowed in the following areas in case of an independent Hydrant system.

WATER SUPPLY :

i)

The fore bay supplying water to the thermal power station fed by canals from perennial water sources like rivers, rivulets, dams etc. may be accepted as fire water reservoir provided lhl availability of 2 hours pumping capacity is ensured.

T~" cooling water pond(s) may also be accepted DS fire water reservoir provided the availability 0[\ 2 hours pumpinq capacity is ensured.

ii)

Note : Cooling water basins shall not be acceptable as equivalent to cooling water ponds .

. .

, ._.,

62

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

7.12.2 PUMPS ;

The pump duties shall be generally selected as per Table 2 under Rule No.7.4.1.4.1 of FP Manual. However, where situation warrants, higher capacity pumps not exceeding 410J\tj3/Hr. and 88M head may be acceptebie. f n order to achieve the minimum pressure of 3.5 !\g./Cm2 at higher eleva tion, booster pump(s) with a cepaclty of 137M3/Hr., having requisite head may be acceptable.

Note 1

The booster pump shall be regarded as a pressure compensating device only.

Note 2 A higher capacity booster pump may be stipulated by the Committee where considered necessary.

Note 3

Booster pump shall be located at ground level only. Electrically driven booster pump(s) shall in addition to the normal supply be connected to the emergency power supply also.

7.] 2.3 Above Ground Hydrant Mains:

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In case of practical difficulties in maintaining the stipulated distance from the [ace of the building incase of above ground over head mains, warranted under demanding circumstances in specific areas, for example between Boiler House and TG Building and between Transformer and T,G. Building,

the same maybe permitted provided the mains installed in such areas form part of sub ring only. (_,

7.12.4 Staircases for storeyed TG HaI1!Boiler House/Mill Bay:

The staircases shall be distributed as far as possible along four sides of the building. The number of staircases shall be such that no part of such floor is more than 45M from the nearest staircase.

At least 50% of tRe number of staircases thus arrived at shall conform LO Rules 7.6. It.i. 1 , 7.6.15.2 and 7.6.15.3. The remaining staircases shall be preferably located along the periphery of the building, but need not necessarily be separated as per regulations.

7.12.S Requirement of Hose pipes in T.G.HaIVBoiler !-louse/Mill Bay:

For lise with each hydrant on staircase landing two lengths of hoses 15M each and a nozzle with attached branch pipe shan be provided in hose box alongside each landing valve.

8.

HYQHANT PROTECTION OF COTTON GIN & PRESS FACTORIES

S.l

. Reservoir :

The construction and location of the reservoir shall be as indicated in rule 7.3. The effective capacity (above the level of the foot valve seat} shall be equivalent to 2 hours' installed pumping capacity.

8.2 Pumps:

8.2.1 Pumps shall be direct-coupled. However, existing belt-driven pumps may be accepted al the discretion of the Committee.

8.2.2 The Pumps shan be capable of delivering not less than 19 l.p.s, ata head of 70 M. Where, however, the number of hydrants in the system exceeds 55, the pump capacity- shall be not

-----------...,---_._-----_."

FIRE PROTECTfON MANUAL

63

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less. than 38 litrcs/second.

8.2.3 The pump shall be so located as to be both casily accessible and where cl1l~1 faiiing -mesonry and the like from other buildings, occasioned by fire or other cause, cannot damage the pump room. Trw pump room shall be located 6 M away from all surrounding buildings, overhead structures and storages 7in the open.

8.2.4 Rules 7:4.1.6., 7A:1.8., 7.4.1.9. and 7.4.1.12. shall ,be complied With.

8.25 Electric supply to the fire pump shall comply with rule 7.4.3.

Note : In case of steam-driven pump, adequate steam supply to drive U1e pump at its duty point shall be constantly maintained during the whole of the working season.

8.3 Mains:

8.3.1 Mains shall be of cast iron, galvanised iron or mild steel and ~e laid underground.

8.3.2 The mains shall be laid in loops around the Gin & Press houses.

8.3.3 All loops and feeder mains shall be of 100 mm bore but branch mains may be of ,80 mm bore.

N.B. - The . Committee may insist on larger sized mains where deemed necessary.

8.4 Hydrants:

8.4.1 Rules 7.6.3., 7.6.4., 7.6.6., 7.6.7., and 7.6.S. shall be complied with.

8.4.2 Location of the hydrants shall be as under :

8.4.2.1 There shall be a minimum of three hydrants within 3 M of Gin house and of Press house.

'.

8.4.2.2 There shall be minimum of two h~ldr(\!!:5 within 15 p.·1 of Godown or sheds used for storing cotton or Kappas.

8.4.2.3 For open storage, hydrants shall be distributed in such away that any portion of the storage are is protected by at least two hydrants at a distance not exceeding 35 M.

N.B. If the compounds are only partially used for storage of cotton and/or kappas, the owner shall declare the area he proposes for storag2 for determining the fire protection thereof.

In this case, the portion reserved for ~torClge shall be demarcated by a wired fencing and a Plan thereof shall be lodged with the Committee.

8.5 Hose pipes and Nozzles :

.,

One 63 rnm diameter hose pipe of 15 1'1 length and one nozzle of 20 mm dia with its attached branch pipe shall be provided in a' suitable hose box alongside each hydrant.

..

8.6

E'ire-fighting staff :

A minimum of six trained personnel shall be available at all times. Apart from the above, three night watchmen shall also be available on the premises .

..

-----_ .. _- --,~---- ._-----_ .. -._- .

•

64

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

9

MUTUAL Am SCHEr-IE

SCOPE: (Meant for plants other than petrochemical plants, petroleum Refineries end LPG Bottling Plants).

9.1

Membership

Membership should be of two or more industrial plants, warehouses and public utilities.

9.2 Geographical Coverage
The coverage shall be as follows
(a) Not exceeding 16 kms. for. Light Hazard risks
(b) Not exceeding 12 kms for Ordinary hazard risks
(c) Not exceeding 10 kms for High hazard (A) Risks If the concerned risks are of different categories, least of the distances must be considered.

N.B,. Add 4 km to actual distances for each of the Railway Crossing encountered.

9.3 Secretariat and Communication.

9.3.1 There shall be a full tjme permanent Secretary haVing a back ground in fire fighting relevant to the types of industries included in the scheme with a permanent office and necessary staff.

9.3.2 The member industries should mutually evolve on effective liaison and communication system.

9.3.3 Direct Telephone/Radio Communication/wired alarm/siren system be provided subject to prior approval of the.Cornrnittee, Call procedures be laid down and frequent trials with such systems would be necessary.

9.4 Individual. Member's Fire fighting Requirements;

9.4.1 A hydrant system supplemented by first ald appliances installed in conformity with the F P Manual.

9.4.2 Stock of foam compound as per the provisions of Rule 7.8 of E P, Manual if the occupancy of the fisk warrants use of foam and wi!! comply with the requirements of NFPA-ll·198S.

9.4.3 Not less than 8 trained persons must be available in any shift out of which 4 shall be fulltime fire fighting personnel.

9.4.4 Fire Explosion accidents must be fully investigated by the member units and their findings which might beIruitful and effective in preventing a recurrence should be made available to other members, which would benefit all plants without interfering with anyone plants autonomy,

9.5

Additional Capacity for Mutual Use :

In the even! of outbreak of fire, the members of mutual aid scheme should be-able to supplement in the ~hortest possible time, the resources of the affected plant, to the extent given below:

9.5.1 Mobile fire fighting capacity by a motor fire engine of 400 gpm capacity at 7 kg/cm2,

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F1RE PROTECTION MANUAL

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9.5.2 In case the occupancy of (l:-,:.' one 0\ the signatories to the scheme ~I.'arran's the appiicllion of foam compound shall be provided to tile I:'Xle'lt of 25'/~ of the requirements of such pl.!!l!.

N. B. In case, the occupancy of more than one risk warrants, the use of foam, the stock to be maintained snail be 25% 0: the requirement of the 'risk needing larger stock of foam,

9.6
9.6.1
9.6.2
"
9.6.3
9.7
9.1.1 Other Requirements :

Fire explosion safety of the plc:-,: and extensions should preferably be checked every six mont/IS, but at least annually using c:,. audit system and utilising check lists where appropriate.

Practice drills should be arranged once in three months (each time in different unns) to [arniliarize those concerned with the actions expected of them, and at the same time testing the equipment available in each unit

Deployment of personnel to an effected plant [rom other members of the scheme should nut be subject to any constraints c~ising out of staff problems.

Interchangeability of Equipment

To the extent possible, individual ;:J:ants should follow such standard in the purchase of equipment to have [rce interchangeability. Where this is no! practical, suitable adaptor pieces must b{! kept in readiness for hooking 0: unin!erchangeable equipment.

9.7.2 Each risk should maintain a sensible policy and not strip itself of equipment v.hich it mig!,: need in the case of trouble in irs own property which may be simultaneous with a disaster elsewhere.

_ ___;.

66

F[RE PROTECTION MANUAL

APPENDiX

The Secretary,

REGIONAL OFFICE

Dear Sir,

Application for Fire Extinguishing Appliances(s) Dtscoun t.

(Risk)

(Situation)

Please sencticn, as from date of rece::::t by ,,_., of this appl.catlon, a D:SCOLI nt of Extinguishing Appliances :-

(J' ..... '0

for the following

applying to Buildings -

(The occupation floor wise and block Nos, oE2ach building must be c:2~rly stilted),

l/We enclose ~!an of the risk with aH details ... arked thereon,

jNJe certify that to the best of my/our knowled:;2 and belief the appliances referred to have been installed in strict accordance with the rules of t:-,e Comrr..itee and l/We also certify ::-:Elt the Plan submitted is drawn up in accordance with the Committee's Rules 2.:1d is correct and up-to-date.

INJe also certi:y that a. copy of the P:2.n exact ;:> ever;) detail. is available for the Committee's Inspector's use at the Mill (or premises above r6med to),

J;We enclose fu:l particulars of the appliances avai.eble together v.ith letter of Guarantee signed by the Assured,

I am (We e.el. Yours :aithf,::!~',

-----""--------.---------------~ -- .. --.~-.-------

For lise of the Committee only.

Date received :

Date inspected :

Inspector's COIT::':1ents:

Discount sanctioned:

Date of Minutes:

Reference Number:

Inspector

19

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FIRE PROTECTlON fllANUAL

APPENDiX !I

19

The Secretary,

REGIONAL OFFICE

Dear Sir,

Guarantee regarding Fire Extinguishing Appliances

In consideration of your Committee granting a Discount for the Fire Extinguishing Appliances d",:ailed on attached/signed form which we have installed in the

situated at .

lAVe hereby engage ourselves -

(1 )

To maintain and upkeep the said appliances in efficient working order and where such c:Jplic!lces and Committee's Rules require the upkeep of a trained Fire Brigade, to maintain such B~igade to its full numbers in an efficient state.

(2)

To advise the Committee and first obtain permission should at any time it be necessary to close down supply to pumps or in any way render ::12 appliances out of operation for repairs. overhaul. etc.

"

-'

(3)

Not to extend, alter or demolish protected BUildings or to erect new Buildings in the co::-:::,our.: of the premises without supplying the Cornm.ttee with a revised plan or revising the plan filec wit:: the Committee.

)

)

(4)

To keep at the above described premise; e copy, exact in every detail, of the plen supplic ; to ~'our Committee, same to be -available to the Committee's lnspcctor during his visits 0: inspection

)

(5)

Not to re-number lor re-letter) Builciings,-:2;i1partmcnts, ctc., as recorded on the pian file': \,,·ir;". the Committee without i.1dvising the Cornrnt.x c of such revision .

. ,\

Note

AI! communications to the Committee -- _Sl be through the Lcadinq Office on ;;,,;: ri5~' ..

For use of t h e Committee only

-,

Date from which sanctioned Reference Num'ber

Remarks

Minutes of

68

F[RE PROTECTION MANUAL

APPENDIX HI

DETAILS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS APPLIANCES

AVAILABLE AT (Name of Risk)

DETAILS OF BUCKETS, EXTINGUISHERS AND H'AND APPLlA.NCES.

Department

Number of

. Extinguishers/Hand Pumps

Area (sq.m.}

Buckets

Number

Type

Capacity

turer' 5

.J

. '

SMALL BORE HOSE REELS

1.

Name of manufacturer

.2. 3.

Material, Diameter and Length

Diameter of .• ,l\1olzle

4.

Source of Supply -

State whether a 4flon - stop supply is available

Department

. Size

Number 0:

Maximum diste.ce of any point of 1i' room from nearest k. se reel.

Length x Breadth

Reels

, '-

..

'"

. '.

t t t

,.. . ....

i C

U

5k) ~.

t

! ,

c

l

I

I

I

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

69

\VATER SUPPLV(IES)

A

Underground P2S·?fva:r.

1. Capacity in litres. (combined process and Fire Water 0, exclusive Fire Weier)

2. Whether lined or not.

3. Division if a:-(,! and interconnections between them.

4. Capacities ~;;, litres) of connected tanks (elevated or otherwise)

(a)

(b)

(cl

. (d) Net ",:;c:c;ive capacity avaiiebie for fire pumps.

5. Sources 0: inflow to the under-ground reservoir whether 10'>.25, rivers, wells, etc.

6. Aggregate in:~ow in litres per

minute. (v:;::, nipple position c: i niiO\v, overflow and normal water level)

7. In case of ir.flow from town's mains, indicate size of inflow pipe and ~::2 of meter, and also state '.':::ether the supply is continuous or intermittent.

B. Elevated Sprinkler Tankls).

1. Number 0: tanks.

2. Capacities in litres and height

in r..etr~ 0: base from ground level

3, Height in metre of highest sprinkJered building.

------------------------------ .. ~-

C. Pressure Tank{s)

1. Location of tank.

2. Capacity in litres.

._--_._------

.... .DI..,"-

70

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

.-.

>0"

3. Quantity of water contained in litres.

4. Air Pressure.

PUMP(S).

-.,

... ,

A.

HYDRANT PUMP(S) (Full Name Plate details)

1. Type(s)

1.

2. Make(s) and yearts) of manufacture.

2.

3. General Specifications:

3.

(a) Capacity (Ut./Sec)

-

.....

(b) Pressure gauge, reeding at delivery stop value (J\glcm2),

-. .._

(c) Sizes of suction and delivery pipes, in mm.

(d) Priming tank details. if any.

-

.....

4. Details of steam pump(s) if applicable: (a) Diameter of steam and water cylinders and length of stroke.

(b) No. of strokes per minute.

(t.) Diameter of steam pipe and pressure available at pump end.

- .....

(d) No. of steam boilers in the battery and working pressure.

(e) Size of water relief valve on pump delivery and pressure at which it ·is set

5. Details' of electrically driven purnpls}, if applicable

(a) Diameter of pump impeller,

(b) Materia! of which the impeller is made.

... '-

(e) Speed in R.P.M.

(d) H.P. and Voltage of driving

class of winding insulation, Motor full load current (Remote Controlled starting arrangement, if any)

c

t t

F[RE PROTECnON MANUAL

71

(e) Details of electric stlp)1ly :

(i) Piun showing loceticns of pump house, feeder,

transformer sub-station and Table for control logic of Pumps

(il) Circuit diagram of electric

supply to the fire pump{s) with Incoming cable, Automatic Circuit Breaker,

Starting switch gear, position of

voltage Release coil etc,

6. Details of Petrol, Motor spirit or Compression-ignition Engine Driven Pump(s) if applicable:

"

(a) Diameter of pump impeller

(b) Material of which the impeller is made

(c) Speed and Horse Power of the engine driving pump(s)

(d) Method of starting the engine.

(el Quantity in litres of fuel contained in the tank and that stored in the premises:

(f) Location and details of Batteries, battery charger and Diesel Engine control panel

B. SPRINKLER PUMP(S) . 1. Type(s)

1.

2. Mekels) and ~'e;:lr(s) 0: manufacture.

2.

3: General Specifications:

3.

(a) Capacity (Lit./Scc)

(b) Pressure gauge reading at delivery stop valve (Kg./cm2),

(c) Sizes of suction and delivery pipes, in rum.

4.

Details of steam pump(s), if applic,fble: (a) Diameter of steam and water \ cylinders and length 0: stroke.'

.~---~_._- ......... - .. ~----- ... -.

_.,.----._------

72

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

(b) No. of strokes per minute.

(e) Diame1er of steam pipe arid pressure available at pump end.

(d) No. of steam boilers in the battery and workinq pressure.

(e) Size of pressure relief valve on pump delivery and pressure at which it is set.

5.

Details of electrically driven purnpis}, if applicable:

(a) Diameter of pump impeller,

(b) Material of which the impeller is made.

(c) Speed in REM.

(d) H.P. and Voltage of driving motor, type of enclosure and C!2SS of

wlndinq insulation, motor Iull load current

[e) Details of electric supply:

(i) Plan showing locations of Direct Feeder. pump house and transformer sub-station.

(ii) Circuit diaqram of electric

supply to the fire pL::11p(S) with incoming ACB and Autornative starting mode

cable.

6.

Dct"iis of Petrol. jviolor Sri:·]: or Compression ignition Engine Driven Purr.p (5). if applicable:

(al Diameter of pump Impeller.

(b) Material of which the i:-:-:peller is made.

(c) Speed and Horse POW<2; of the engine dri';ing purr.~(sl.

(d) Method of starting the cnqine.

(c) Quantity in litres of fu~: contained

in the tank and that stored in the premises.

type 0: autornat:c regulator.

he PWSS'.1:2 at the level of the rinkler when the 50mm. waste open?

awe MAbW4B%§AAtld,n·:wfilIM4t4g

I I . I

I

"'"

._

- '=

1.:='

~,

1.
"
"-.
~
3.
-,
4.
""';
r-
J.
4
. ~ 6.
-
")
""'
l.
2.
J
" 3. .--._,_ ..... --.

}- .

.,

FIRE PROTECTtON MAr"UAL

73

HYC::\ANT MAINS

l.

Ty::;~ :;; underground and/or overhear rne.r; ·.'Jith method of jointing.

2. Int2:-:- ,,! diameter of ring mains.

3. lnt'"~-:::: diameter of terminal mains.

4. To ... -:;[ pressure have the pipes beE:"". tcste c?

HYD?,.ANTS

2. No. -' single·headed hydrants.

3. No. -. double-headed hydrants.

4. No. -' upper floor hydrants.

5.

TYP2 z.nd diameter of stand pipes:

Sing;", headed. DOl"::: 2 headed.

6. Art? e . the coupling inter-changeable?

HOS:::

At '.':-:::; pressure the hose has been taste = .J'_.! the insured?

Whe.,;;; . is hose kept?

No. c: branch pipes and nozzles and ::-e:r =.'::-:1e:._·:~ .

SPRI:--:KLER lNSTALLATION

No. c: installation valves and departrr.e.us S8r\,2·= by each valve.

Total .oad 011 each installation valve.

Type, make and Iusinq temperature of the sprinkler heads used .

74

FIRE PROTECTfON MANUAL

"

FIRE FIGHTlNG PERSONNEL

Is the pump man alway's on duty?

2.

Minimum number of trained personnel available at any time for fire fighting purposes, How m<:::-::,; are there exclusively for Fire Fighting, per shift?

- '-

3.

Are any means employed to ensure night watchman going around the risk at regular intervals?

4,

Is there a muster-book ;01' fire drllls?

5,

How is fire-alarm given to fire fighting personnel?

TESTING OF APPLIANCES

1.

How often are the Iollo: .. .'in~l tested and/cr examined:-

c

(a) Sprinkler tank and backpressure valves.

(b) Sprinkler and/or hydranl pumps and .heir accessories.

(e) Sprinkler installation valves.

(d) Hydrant installation and valves.

2.

Is a record of, all tests and defects found maintained?

..

-----'- ..

LOCAL FIRE BRIGADE

1.

How far is the nearest city fire brigade?

2. 3,

How can a communication be' sent to ci:-~' fire brigade?

Are the city fire brigade officers familiar with the risk?

,.... '-

Dated ~ _

(Form to be signed by the Owner of the Premises).

Signature

------------------

1\1'1'1 ,\]I ux ' IV

p,

10

CElrnFlCf\T~: FHU~\ INSUHEH'S ENGINEEI{

hereby confirm that I have verified the portable Fire Extinguishing Appliances installed at :'".e no eve (5:, and found them to be in accordance with the enc'oscd l.st, I also confirm that the dlstributlr n is :;enert':y in accordance with the Committee's requirernents, c:,;d the: the appliances are well maintained and ere o;::-g periodically hydro ,testf'?d as per 15:2190.

....

\..

Y:!.Jrs faithfu::/,

Signature

--_-----

...

. --.-. - ----- .....

r

F[RE P ROTECTfON MANUAL

75

APPEND IX . \)

FIRE DRILLS REGISTER

Sr. No.

Oate :

Type of Drill Dry

or Wet

Serial Nos. of Hydrants Operated

Duration of Operation of Pumps

Remarks/ Defects observed if any

Signature of Fire

Signature of Works Manager

Remarks

Marsha!!

Name and desiqnaticn of persons attending the drills :

1.

2.

3.

4.

5. 6.

7.

8. 9.

"

10.

Note: Squad personr.el shall be provided with clothing end equipment including Helmets confirrninc :0 IS : 2745 or :S : 2925, Belts and Boots, P;'ef2fdbly gum boots .

.. - -"--" ---.-~-~----,----------------

)

-,

)

-',
76 F!RE PROTECnON MANUAL
APPENDIX ~ VI
TABLE SHOWING PRESSURES OF WATER IN Kg, PER
SQ,UARE CENTIMETRE FOR EVERY METRE IN H[IGIH
UPTO 60 m.
Height Pressure Height Pressure
in in in in
metres Kg./cm2 metres Kg./cm2
1 0.1 15 1.5
2 0.2 20 2.0
3 0.3 25 2.5
4 0.4 30 3.0
5 0.5 ~35 3.5
6 0.6 40 4.0
7 0.7 45 4.5
8 0.8 50 5.0
9 0.9 55 5.5
10 1.0 60 6.0 NOTE

~ .~

In applying this table the height of the Highest Sprinkler above the Pressure Gaug~ must be ascertained

and the pressure to be allowed for such height will be obtained by reference to the table. For example, if the gauge records a pressure of 4.25 Kg./cm2,and the highest sprinkler is 28 m. above the gauge, there will bea .pressure of, say, 1.45 Kgjcm2 on the highest sprinkler.

ITEM

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

REMARKS

CAST IRON PIPES

[5:7181:1986 HORIZONTALLY CAST !RON DOUBLE FLANGED PIPES

CLASS-A FOR PIPES urro 300 MM OR PRESSURE LESS THAN 7 f<SC CLASS-B FOR PIPES LARGER THAN 300MM OR PRESSURE EXCEEDING

7 rsc

[S:1536:1989 CENTRIFUGALLY CAST (SPUN]

[S:1536:1986 CENTRIFUGALLY CAST (SPUN) [WITH n'T9N JOINTS).

CLASS ~ A

CAST [RON FI1TINGS

l5:1538 OR B5:1641

?\\ ~I

:( ~~.

to,

..... .....

- '- ....

- ~-

- '-

._

-

'=

- '"

.

,

FrRE PROTECT10N ft.ANUAL

77

r=,

MILD STEEL

15:1239 (MEDiUM GRADE) PART I PIPES IS:1239(PART 2) loi;LD STEeL TABULARS k'1D OTHER \VROUGHT STEEL PIPE FITTlt\(;S

IS:3589:91 SEAMLESS OR ELECTR!CP.LLY WELDED STEEL PIPES FOR Wf.TER,

GAS AND SEWAGE

M.S.FIITING

IS:1239(PART 1):1990 MILD STEeL TUBES, TABULARS AND OTHER WROUGHT STEEL FrTIINGS

IS:1239(PART 2):1991 MILD STEL

TUBES, TABULf,RS AND OTHER WROUGHT STEEL PIPE FJ1Tli'<GS

IS; 1879: 1987 t-1ALLE..t>,BLE CAST [RON PIPE FIITINGS (SECOND REVISlON)

COATI~GI\J.,IRAPPING

IS:10221:1982 CODE OF F'R.A.Cr:CE FOR COATlNG Al"D WR"PPING Of r';:---.JDE?GROUND MILD STEEL PIPE LINES

,-

CUT Orr VALVES

[5:780:1984 SPECIFICATION FOR

SLUICE VALVE fOR W . .o.TER WO?KS PURPOSES (50 TO 300 MM SIE)

.-,

,---

15;2906: 1984 SPEClrlCAT!O~ FO.::: SLUICE VALVES FOR \VATEi\ WORKS PL.:;:\POS=:S

c

NONoR=:TURN VALVES

IS:5312(?:\RT 1}:19S-':- SPEC!FICi'.~!ON FOR SWING CHECK TYpe: REFLUX r:-:ON-RETURi\) VALVES

HYDR.,'\:\T LANDING

IS:5290: 1983 SPECIr:"iCATION FO?

VALVE LANDING V':'.:_VES (SECC:·.;o REVJ510:-l)

WATER ?'-'lONITOR

IS:8442:1977 SPECifiCATION Fe? STA'\D POST TYPE \VATER MOt'-:iTOR :=-JR FiRE FIGHTING

HOSE PIPE

15:636:2988 KON-PEBCOLATING ?LEXIBLE FIRE FIGHTIKG DEUVERY H02:E

)'C .. , $8

78

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

15:8423: 1977 SPECIFICflT!0N FOR CONTROLLED Pi:.RCOL/-\TING HOSE FOR FIRE FIGHTING

15:4927: 1968 SPECIFICATION FOR UNLINED FLAX CANVAS HOSE FOR FIRE FIGHTING (Amendment Nos. 1 and 2)

BRANCH VJ[TH NOZZLE, COUPLING

[5:903: 1984 SPECIFICATION FOR FIRE HOSE DEUVEIW COUPL1NGS, BRANCH PIPE, t\OZZLES AND f\OZZLE SPANNER

(Third Fcvision) r.';;nend~ent Nos. 1 and 3)

IS:906: 1988 SPECrr:'lCATION FOR BPANCH WITH REVOLVIKG HEAD FOR FIRE FIGHTING PURPOSES

IS:2871:1983 SPECIFICfI.TiON FOR BRANCH PIPE, UN[VERSAL FOR F[RE FIGHTING PURPOSES (First Revision)

UNPLASTICISED PVC PIPES

1$:4985:1988 SPECIFICATION FOR UNPLAS· T]C[SED PVC PIPES FO::; PORTABLE WATER SUPPLIES

, FIRST AID

..

15:884: 1985 SPECIF[CAT[ON FOR FIRST-AID HOSE HEEL FOR FmE FIGHTING

(First Revision) (A:7iendrr.ent Ne.I)

POHTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER WATER T'y'PE (GAS PRESSURE)

[S:940: 1989 SPECiFICATiON FOR PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUIS:-:ER (G:\S PRESSURE)

(,ORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER DRY PO\'\'DER (CARTRIDGE TYPE)

15:2171:1985 SPE:(IFICP.TION OF PORTABLE FIRE E~\TINGUISi-iER, C~Y POWDER (CARTR'DGE n'?::) (TJ-::RD REVISION)

PORTABLE FIRE EXT[NGUISHER CARBON-DIOXIDE

TYPE

'.,

IS:2878:1986

(PORTABLE & TROLLEY 1'-:-JUNTED)

(Ti-lIRD REVIS!ON)

"C

\,... -',.

"

, ,"" ~

.... ~ ......

~-- ....

, ' ...

, ~

I

,

, "

FIRE PROTECTiON NlANUAL

79

PORTABLE. FiRE

EXTINGUISHERS (GAS CARTR!DGE TYPE)

is:4947:1985 SPECIFICATION FOR G:"'5

(SECOND REVISION) (AMENDivIENT NOS.l AND 3)

TAAILER PUMPS

, J

15:944:1979 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREME:\TS FOR 1800 L./MIN. TRAILER PUMP FO? FIRE BRIGADE USE. (SECOND REVIS!ON) (AMENDMENT NO.1)

MOTOR FIRE

IS:946:1977 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMEi';TS ENGINES FOR MOTOR FIRE EI'\GINES (FIRST REVISION)

IS:94 7: 1985 FUNCTIONAL REQU!REME: ;TS FOR TOWING TENDER FOR TR--\!LER :=-iRE

PUMP FOR FrRE BRIGADE USE

(FIRST REVISION)

PUMPS

IS:12469

DIESEL ENGINES

IS: 10001

~ . (GENERAL PURPOSE) IS: 10002

\ :

BUTTERFLY VALVES

15:13095

c.i GATE VALVES/ (RISING STEM TYPES) PN 16

8S:5150

c.i REFLUX VALVES! 8S:5153
\ CHECK VALVES
(SWING TYPE) PN 16
STEEL WEDGE BS; 1414
GATE VALVES
STEEL-CHECK VALVES 8S:1868 -_._----_-

80

FIRE PROTECT10N lv'lANUAL

3.5 Kg/ern"

FLOOR 20

.~-------------------.---

FLOOR 19

3.5 Kq/cm?

~-------------------~---..

,.. .. .,-
. -

.. ~
FLOOR 10 3.5 Kg.ern"
"
.lJ. i,.- FLOOR 16

3.5 Kg/em?

FLDOR 10

•

FLOOR 3

~.

3.5

. .If'

11 ..
,

FLOOR 2
r" PUMP~
miL I ~
1 J
L. WATER TANK Multi Stage with 4 Delivery Branches

Fig.1 PUMPING ARRANGEMENTS FOR BUILDING 60~r OR I.FSS IN 11f](IIIT

Fig.2 PUMPING ARRANGEMENTS FOR BUILDING 60M On:

LESS IN ! !FIC;r JT

___;-----_.....---~....:.......-_:,__-----,---------.---- ...

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

81

\VATER FOR FIRE FrGHTING fN HfGH-RfSE BUfLDrNG

)

GHAVrn' TANK (15.000 Litres)

,

;

GRA.VITY

TANK

(15.000 Litres)

GRAVITY TANl< (15,000 litres}

) '\

FIRE DEPARTMENT CONNECTION

RISER

RISER

RISER

FIRE PUMP s 500 G.P.M.

RISER

FIRE PU!\1P 500 G.P.M.

RISER

RISER

FIRE PUMP 500 G.P.M.

SUCTION T.4N!\ 4,50.000 Lirres 1,00,000 Gallons

RISER

Fire fighting piping system for tal! building that avoids excessive pressure ranges and .s not limited by the total height of the building .

.. j ;,,---~----------., , "-'" ... --------

-J •

~---_.,---".----,----~'-.-------.,- _ .... -._.,

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

) i c, C

RESERVED FOR RAW I PROCESS

RESERVED FOR FIRE FIGHTING

LOWWAiER LEVEL

TY;~jCrJ,!... ARRAr,GEt<iEIFr FOR CO~·.1,6!tED WATER RESERVOIR FOR RAW \VATERJPROCESS WATER ALONG WITH FOR FIRE FIGHTING UNDER NEGATIVE SUCTION IN CASE OF ORDINARY HAZARD.

SUI.'.i' ;'OR HAV':JFROCESS WATER PUMP

RESERVED FOR RAW I PROCESS

SUMP FOR FIRE FIGHTING PUMP

A

t

11

II A

1./ t

I i ~-"_OVER FLOW

L:::=========:::::::==========_~.j' NOZZLE

RESERVED FOR FIRE FIGHTING

LOWvVATER LEVEL

II

Ii I

f

I

PLAN

T

T

I :.:l 1
T --------
--------
- _ ...... - - .
... - ... - _ ... - ..
-t-- ~~~_~_ ... L
j ..................... I ..
---~----
_______ 0
--"'_ ...... _-
-_ I
I
.. t~
t¢
l- r--" SECTION uA-A"

(TYP·l)

T

T

----_ ..........

--- ... --~

_-_- -_- __ -_-_.

-_ _---

- __ ... _ ...

SECTION "A-A"

(TYP·2)

Fig.4

.,_

-. ._

... ....

-_.,.,'._.-

,.. \..

c

- '-

-

....

- ....

- '-

,......

- .._

- .... ,

,J..

....

r7<"':~r~~~~:~ j .~

_-."" ... ~ _.:

-., ~

~~

...,

;1 V? i::::c ~ n

--I

._.

CJ 2

'"

s:

r-' r-t

k (/)

:-' C ~ n

)---l

:0 12:

II

!~

.L>

j: .. -':::

,\

I \

\ . !!J;~~

;/

. '/ /

~--------:__------< / jk.,

1/'

1/ ". ./~:

I .I' .~

)1.,"i:··'~\ /

. ', i "

\.

_. -~

i~ !. '

,

..,

. \ \ .- ... \

.. ,\. .. }

-I ,

\

. :

! I' I

I I

,

I r

'.

I

l

I

I

\ I !

i

I

__ "__ . I

-.-.---~

-_ .. _--

FrRE PROTECnOr'[ MANUAL

--~-------------------_--------------------.------._-~_-.

, i

SUMP FOR RAW/PROCESS WATER PUMP

B

t

'--

PLAN

"

T
-j ---~---- ~:
R"SERVED FOR ---- ... _-- ir
__ -_- ... -_-_ --- .... -~
RAW / PROCESS - _ ....... - - .
I -:-:-:---_
T _
- ... ---~ _
-
RESERVED FOR I
F!RE FIGHTING I
~ j I
!
_I I I
I
r L
,
1\ SECTION "8-8"
\ Fig.S

~ -,-~"~'-"~""~ --_._.- -.--- .-------~ .. ~--~

i ,...._
"",.
, C c
'_
..
I c
, r
I _ .
.., i'- C I~C lc

I '

, C

IG

r- C ! \. :

i _

IV .,. I

;1... c

~ :

. !~;~~

. ,

i'- \!

!

G. DISTANCE 6=rNEEN aorrov OF THE TANK S· FLA~:GES OF FOOT VALVE .

L c. DISTANCE EE1WEEN FOOT VALVE & THE NEAREST WALL D. DJ.t..~.1ETER OF SUCTION PIPE

....... ---r:: "

/

/ /

"

, ... ~ .. '" _. ~,

..

lOW WATER LEvEL.X

(0)

OUTLINE OF O?TlON~L SU~,',?

~ ..

. . ,'

.;'" .

. ;

• ", -:- , " r ~.- ,..... "_ ~.~ I. f -, : -_ ...... , /'

· . . .. .- • : _. .• -_ ~ • I : •

. ,

. "[

I

•••• _. __ ._._ D' •••• _. __ ._ •• ,_. __ '_' ' __ w ~_'~ "'_' __ T_" -_.--_. ~-- .• - •• - ••

o .

._________ / / -~ --i i

~.,/ // / .' ./ // /// ~/'/ ,/' /'"11

~~~/ /'~jl

'-""'/'-""""""""-"""'-,; < l-~" a ,

-.' . -~,.,"--""--H---"'...l.

/ I "

/ I ~'-I -!-.r -++fl--'"T

;' !

~/~------------~------------~!----~~' .

/1 -,

. BDMIN.

i'lULE ;.3. FIG.(b)

t; D!ST.!..NCE S::TWEEN FLANGES OF FOOT VALVE S. Le'N WATER lEVEL.

Fig.6

--- -.-- .. ------' .. __ .

"

. .....

FIRE PROTECTION fviANUAL

lSOU (OR 6") ~':')H TO SPBHiI'LEE !~SIA]'I.AIIQt!

\

FEED FOR Sl:.RlNK! ~o O. H. TAN~

.... ·ATE?

'lS0mm (OR 6") OO\l;1'T..I.I:::E MAIN FRO!-: OVER HEAD TANI::

REQUI RED CAPACITY 3~, 000 LI TRES (OR 7,500 GALS) RI!gUlRED HEIGKT C S~. (OR<IS' -0") ABOVE THE H1GKEST SPRINKLER (ALTERNATIVE CAPACITY

2~.OOO LITRES (Ok S ,DOD GALS) RLQUl!1.E~ flEIGHT

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TARIFF ADVISORY COMMITTEE (GENERAL INSURANCE)

HEAD OFFrCE

Adar House, 1st & 2nd Floor, 6 K. Dubash Marg, Fort, Mumbai-400023 Tel.: 2829551 (10 lines) • Fax: 285 2337, 285 4560

REGIONAL OFFICES

AHMEDABAD

B. D. Patel House, 1st Floor, Naranpura Road, AHMEDABAD·380 014

Tel. : 748 1659 • Fax: 741 2301

CHENNAI

Murugesa Naickar Office Complex HI Greams Road, Block A, 2nd Roor, CHENNAI-600 006

Te1. ; ~ Fax: 8275238 ~3"f"

't,2-'i "'''~3

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CALCUTfA

India Exchange, 6th Floor, 4,India Exchange Place, "CALCUTTA·700 001

TeL: 220 8116 • Fax; 220 7036

DELHI

Universal Insurance Bldg., 4th Floor, 2/2 A, Asaf Ali Road, NEW DELHI-lIO 002

TeL: 323 1843·65 • Fax: 323 4974

MUMBAI Gurudwara Building, 1st Floor,

Dr. Ambedkar Road, Opp, Chitra Cinema Dadar (East), Mumbai-400 014

Tel. : 41:3 3803/413 7047/4145862 • Fax: 4160672

QIVISIONAL OFFICES

BANGALORE

WCKNOW

.... y}. r)-,x,.. ~(",!,..)/ /. '</ .r>. r »: ufo 'X.

Tel. : 2281230 • Fax: 2284352

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