c


c

c
a ~

 comprises 200 species,10-14 are native of cndia.
a ommon name csabgol or blonde psyllium or cndian
Plantago or psillium in ommerce.

a ct derives its name from two Persian words, `
0 and ` 0
meaning a horse-ear, referring to its characteristic boat
shaped seeds.

a ~

 is from Latin, meaning `sole of the foot0 and refers

to the shape of the leaf.

a ~
  reek, meaning `flea0 in reference to the colour,
size and shape of seeds (flea seed) and 

refers to the
ovate shape of the leaves.
c 
 
a conomic part -
he husk from the seed (separated by
physical process).

a Seed husk contains a colloidal mucilage (30%), mainly

consisting of xylose, arabinose, galacturonic acid with
rhamnose and galactose etc.

a Seed - il, glycoside acubin and tannin.

a
he husk - property of absoring and retaining water

antidiarrhoeal drug. ct is beneficial in chronic dysentries of
amoebic and basillary origin. sed for treating constipation
and intestinal disorders

a it works as calorie-free fibre food, promoting regular bowel

movement. o adverse side effects.
a
he seed has also cooling and demulcent effect and is
used in

 





 medicines.

a
he seed and husk ± ures inflammation of the mucous

membranes of gestro-intestinal and genito-urinary tracts,
duodenal ulcer, gonorrhoea and piles.

a sed as cervical dilator for termination of pregnancy.

a on medicinal uses ± yeing, calico printing, in ice-cream

industry as stabilizer, so also in confectionery and in
cosmetic industries.
he seed without husk which contains
about 17-19 per cent protein is used as cattle feed.
a „
  
    

a rigin - Persia and West Asia.

a istribution - Sutlej and Sind and West Pakistan, Mexico and

Mediterranean regions.

a `ollar earner0 crop of north ujarat, cultivated on 50,000

hectares with a production of 40,000 tonnes.

a cntroduced in Southern ajasthan, Punjab and to a very

small extent in Maharastra and ttar Pradesh.
a xperimental cultivation at Bangalore succesful.

a 75-80% of the total annual produce of north ujarat is

exported

a cndia holds monopoly in production and trade in the world.

a But hardly 50% of the requirement of .S.A. could be met.

a Scope to increase the area and production and to intensify

its cultivation.

a eed to evolve high-yielding strains and to examine suitable

locations for growing this crop in other states.
 Area, Production and Productivity of Isabgol Plants in Haryana

( 2003-2004 and 2004-2005

Productivity
Area (Tonne/

%age Share of Medicinal & %age Share of Medicinal &

Year (In Hect.) Production (In Qtl.) Hect.) Aromatic Area Aromatic Production

×
   
 × 

×   
 

 àrop-wise Area, Production and Productivity of Medicinal Plants in
Haryana
(2004-2005)

%age Share of Medicinal & %age Share of Medicinal &

Area Productivity (In Tonne/ Aromatic Aromatic

Production (In
àrop (In Hect.) Qtl.) Hect.) Area Production

 
 
 

 × 

  
 × ×





    × ×  

  
 




  

   ×  × 

  


    ×× ×  

       

   ××    


    ××  


Total 2316 3484 1.5

 B
A 
a 2n=8 Family : ~





a Stem - Less or short stemmed.
a Height 30 to 40 cm
a Leaves ± Alternate, 7.5 to 2.5
cm long, narrow, 6.0 mm to 12.0
mm in width, tapering to point.
a Flowers white, minute, four
parted, in length.
a Seeds are covered with
translucent membrane, known
as husk, odorless and tasteless.
a Husked seeds are dark red and
hard.
a ‰

a ujarat csabgol-1 (c-1).
a ujarat csabgol-2 (c-2) from ujrat Agriculture niversity.
900-1000Kg seed yield/ha.
a Jawahar csabgol-4 (1300-1500Kg/ha)
a Haryana csabgol-5 (1000-1200Kg/ha)
a ` iharika0 from cMAP, Lucknow - High yielding variety.
a
S-1-10 and -124345.
a c-87, c-89, AMB-2, Mc-4, McB-121, Hc-34, Hc-2, Hc-1

a ujarat csabgol-3 (c-3) released by Spices esearch Station,

Jagudan, S. .Agricultural niversity.
Superior to variety c-2 in terms of yield and yield attributes
and resistance to diseases and insect pest.
n an average, it gives seed yield of 1284 kg/ha.
 

a crrigated crop, grows well on light soils.

a Heavy soil, poor drainage are not suitable.

a Silty-loam soil , pH 4.7-7.7 with high , low moisture.

a à


a Warm-temperate regions.

a ool and dry weather, sown during winter months ( first week of
ovember best ).
a arly sowing, with higher seed rate, vulnerable to downy
mildew

a Late sowing - Lesser period of growth in winter, shattering of

seed due to summer rains in April-May.

a At maturity, if the weather is humid, its seeds shatter, resulting

in reduced yield.

a Heavy dew, light shower decrease the yield.

a For maximum seed germination, temperature 20 to 30.

 
„ 


a Fine tilth for good germination.

a FM 10-15 t/ha.

a plot size of 8.0 m x 3.0 m is prepared.

„
„ 
a High germination % - Seeds from the crop harvested at the end
of the preceding crop season.

a lder seeds tend to lose viability

a Seed rate - 4-8 kg per hectare, treat with any mercurial seed-
dresser at 3 g/kg seed, to protect from damping off.

a Seeds are small and light, mixed with fine sand or sieved FM.

a Broadcast because sowing in lines at different spacing does not

increase the seed yield.

a Seeds are swept lightly in one direction with a broom to cover

them with some soil.

a ermination begins from 4 days.

 
à

a oes not need heavy doses of fertilizers.
a 50:25:30 Kg PK/ha respectively ( Bangalore condition ).
a Basal dose - Half of , full of P & K.
a
op dressing ± Half after 1 month.



a cmmediately after sowing, light irrigation.
a
he seeds germinate in 6-7 days.
a Later irrigate as and when required.
a Last irrigation - Maximum number of spikes have reached the
milk stage.
a
otally 6-7 irrigations medium sandy soils.
à  
a First weeding - 20-25 days of sowing.

a 2-3 weeding within two months of sowing is ideal.

a 
 


a White grub, termites - utting off the root.
a ontrol - Broadcasting 65 per cent Lindane @ 125 kg/ha
before the last ploughing.
a Aphids spray (0.2% dimethoate).
 „



a „    ~





 ~

.
a major disease
a appears at the time of spike initiation.
a isease intensity is very high in humid weather or when the
dew-fall is high.
a ifficult to control.
a amping off disease by~ 
  
 





and 

  .
a Wilt by ~
   and 

.
a Powdery mildew which appears at flowering time by  




.
 à 
 
Prophylactic measures spray one of the following
fungicides when weather becomes cloudy and humid.
Bordeaux mixture1% @ 600 to 800 litres per hectare.
!"opper oxychloride, ithane M-45, ithane z-78 or any
other copper fungicide at the rate of 2.0 to 2.5 g in 1 litre
of water.
#
he antifungal antibiotic Aureofungin.
a cntervals - 30 days after sowing, followed by two or more
sprays at an interval of 15-20 days.
a
a è$
 %  

%
a Blooming - 2 months after sowing, ready for
harvest in February - March (110-130 days after
sowing).

a At maturity -rop turns yellowish and the spikes

turn brownish.
he seeds are shed when the
spikes are pressed even slightly.

a Atmosphere must be dry, no moisture on the

plant, crop harvested after 10 a.m.
a ut at the ground level or uprooted (depending
upon the texture of the soil ).

a cn threshing yard, bundled in large cloth pieces

and spread after 2 days.

a
hreshed with the help of tractor or bullocks.

a early morning hours, water is sprinkled over the

heap for easy threshing.
a Straw used as a cattle feed.

a
he plants are threshed and winnowed, seeds sieved until

clean.

a
he seeds marketed whole or the husk sold separately.

a emoval of Husk - leaned seeds are passed 6 to 7 times

through stone of energy grinders, sieved and screened through
several grades of mesh to sort according to fineness of grind.

a xported husk - 70 mesh grade.

a
he highest quality husk - White with no particles of red

kernels.
he husk seed ratio is 25:75 by weight.
o establish an
industry for processing about 8 tonnes of seed per day.
a ÿ 
a ujarat csabgol 1 ± 800-900 kg of seeds/ha

a ujarat csabgol 1000Kg/ha.

a cncreased yield - Spraying cycocel () at

25 mg/l. twice at seedling and just before
heading stages.

& „ à