8/23/2009

Karnaugh Map*

Program Studi Teknik Informatika

Universitas Ma Chung
Malang
* Pronounced “car-no”
Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung
1
Univ.

DIGITAL SYSTEM may be divided

roughly into 3 parts

System
Design

Logic
Design

We are STILL
Circuit
HERE…. Design

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

2
Univ.

Student Guide
• In this unit we will study the K-Map. Just
about any type of algebraic manipulation we
have done so far can be facilitated by using
the map, provided the number of variables is
small

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

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• Two problems arise when algebraic

procedures are used:
1. The procedures are difficult to apply in a
systematic way.
2. It is difficult to tell when you have arrived at
a minimum solution.

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

4
Univ.

2-Variable K-Map
y 0 1
x
m0 m1 0 x'y' x'y x'

m2 m3 1 xy' xy x

y' y

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

5
Univ.

y 0 1 y 0 1
x x
0 x' 0 1 x'

1 1 x 1 1 1 x

y' y y' y
(a) F1 = xy (b) F2 = x + y

F1 = xy
F2 = m 1 + m 2 + m 3
= x'y + xy' + xy
=x+y
Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung
6
Univ.

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3-Variable K-Map
y y
yz 00 01 11 10
x
m0 m1 m3 m2 0 xyz xyz xyz xyz

m4 m5 m7 m6 1 xyz xyz xyz xyz x

z z
CAUTION!!!
Minterm m3 is adjacent to the three minterm with which it
can be combined– m1, m2, and m7.

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

7
Univ.

Remember:
The top and bottom rows of the map are
defined to be adjacent since corresponding
minterms in these rows differ in only ONE
variable.

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

8
Univ.

A B C Number Adjacent m0
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 2
0 1 1 3 Adjacent m3
1 0 0 4
1 0 1 5
1 1 0 6
1 1 1 7
y y
yz 00 01 11 10
x
m0 m1 m3 m2 0 xyz xyz xyz xyz

m4 m5 m7 m6 1 xyz xyz xyz xyz x

z z

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

9
Univ.

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Exercise
• Sederhanakan fungsi Boole berikut dengan
peta Karnaugh:
F = x'yz + x'yz' + xy'z' + xy'z
• Sederhanakan fungsi Boole berikut dengan
menggunakan peta Karnaugh:
• F = xyz  x y z  xyz  xy z

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

10
Univ.

4-Variable Karnaugh Map

y y
yz 00 01 11 10
wx
m0 m1 m3 m2 00 wxyz wxyz wxyz wxyz

m4 m5 m7 m6 01 wxyz wxyz wxyz wxyz x

m12 m13 m15 m14 w 11 wxyz wxyz wxyz wxyz x

m8 m9 m11 m10 w 10 wxyz wxyz wxyz wxyz

z z

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

11
Univ.

Example
• Sederhanakan fungsi Boole
F(w,x,y,z) = ∑(0,1,2,4,5,6,8,9,12,13,14)
y y
yz 00 01 11 10
wx
00 1 1 1

01 1 1 1 x

w 11 1 1 1 x

w 10 1 1

z z
Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung
12
Univ.

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• Sederhanakan fungsi Boole

F(w,x,y,z) = ∑(1,3,7,11,15)
dengan keadaan don’t care: d(w,x,y,z) = ∑(0,2,5)
yz yz
00 01 11 10 00 01 11 10
wx wx
00 X 1 1 X 00 X 1 1 X

01 0 X 1 0 01 0 X 1 0

11 0 0 1 0 11 0 0 1 0

10 0 0 1 0 10 0 0 1 0

(a) F = w'z + yz (b) F = z(w' + y)

Logika Digital-5. Karnaugh Map-Ma Chung

13
Univ.