also possible to modulate the Jeading or trailing edge of the pulse. In Fig. 9.5-1 (¢) the baseband signal m(t) modulates the position within the time slot of a constant duration and amplitude pulse. Modulation of this type is called pulse position modulation (PPM). ample points Constant jo /[mplitue (p) Fig. 9-5-1 (a) Base band signal m(t) (b) Pulse duration modulated (PDM) signal (c) Pulse position modulated signal (PPM) (a) Method of Generating Pulse-Time Modulation Signal First, a baseband signal m(¢) is flat-top sampled as shown in Fig. 9.5- 2(a). In Fig 9.5-2 (b) a linear ramp wave from R(#) is generated synchronously with the PAM samples. In Fig.9.5-2 (c) the PAM samples and the synchronized ramps are added and then passed through a comparator with the reference level as shown. Note that, the comparators output has two voltage level characteristics under the following conditions : 1. When the input signal is less than the reference level. 2. When the input signal is larger than reference level.