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Weber coined this last type of authority with the name of a bureaucracy. The term
bureaucracy in terms of an organization and management functions refers to the
following six characteristics:
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. A bureaucracy follows a consistent set of rules that control the
functions of the organization. Management controls the lower levels of the organization's
hierarchy by applying established rules in a consistent and predictable manner.
. Authority and responsibility are clearly defined and officially
sanctioned. Job descriptions are specified with responsibilities and line of authority. All
employees have thus clearly defined rules in a system of authority and subordination
. An organization is organized into a hierarchy of authority
and follows a clear chain of command. The hierarchical structure effectively delineates
the lines of authority and the subordination of the lower levels to the upper levels of the
hierarchical structure.
. All decisions, rules and actions taken by the organization are
formulated and recorded in writing. Written documents ensure that there is continuity of
the organization¶s policies and procedures
Weber¶s bureaucracy is based on logic and rationality which are supported by trained and
qualified specialists. The element of a bureaucracy offers a stable and hierarchical model
for an organization.
Nevertheless, Weber¶s bureaucracy does have its limitations since it is based on the roles
and responsibilities of the individuals rather than on the tasks performed by the
organization. Its rigidity implies a lack of flexibility to respond to the demands of change
in the business environment.
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