UNIT 3

KNOX ACADEMY

Higher Revision

Higher Still Higher Maths Formulae List

The equation x2 + l + 2gx + 2fy + C = 0 represents a circle, centre (-g, -j) and radius ~( l + f2 - c)

The equation (x - ap + (y - hi = r2 represents a circle, centre (a, b) and radius r.

Scalar Product: a.b = lallbl case, where e is the angle between a and h.

Trigonometric Formulae:

sin (A ± B) = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B cos (A ± B) = cos A cos B += sin A sin B

cos 2A = cos2 A - sin2 A = 2 cos? A-I

= 1 - sin2 A

sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A

Table of standard derivatives: f( x) 1'( x)

smax cos ax

a cos ax -a sin ax

Table of standard integrals:

f(x)

f f(x)dx

sin ax

1

-- cos ax+ C a

cos ax

1. C

- sm ax+

a

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mtltBW@[? ~ff)l]]}@rmCDlSn~0 Mathematics 3

Outcome Contents Performance Criteria
1. Vectors in (a) determine whether 3 given points are
3 Dimensions collinear
(b) determine the coordinates of the point
which divides the join of two given
points internally in a given ratio
(c) use the scalar product
2. Further Differentiation (a) differentiate ksinx and kcosx
and Integration
(b) differentiate using the function of
function rule
(c) integrate functions of the form (x + q)n
(n;j:. I). pcosx and qsinx 3. Logarithms and (a) simplify a numerical expression using
Exponentials the laws of logarithms

(bJ solve simple logarithmic and
exponential equations
4. The Wave Function (aJ express acos () + bsin () in the form
""A<,rtl-l- rv' At' .. ";,,rtl-l- IV' Higher Still Support Materials Higher Maths - Mathematics 3

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Section A

Pre-Test Revision (at Level C)

(To be attempted by all students)

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Outcome 1

Vectors in 3-Dimensions

Collinearity

Exercise 1

1. P(l,-3,2) and Q(5,1,O). Find:-

---t (a) PQ

---t (b) QP

---t (c) IPQI

C

2. The diagram shows three points A(2,-1,3) B(8,2,O) and C(10,3,-I). (a) Find, in component form, the two vectors

---t ---t

AB and BC,

(b) Prove that the 3 points are collinear.

• B

A

3. Q(8,1,-2), R(O,5,2) and S(6,2,-I) are points in three dimensional space.

Prove that the 3 points are collinear.

Sectioning of a line

B(4,-7,2)

Exercise 2

1. The diagram shows a line joining the two points A(-1,3,7) and B(4,-7,2).

Point P lies on this line and divides AB in the ratio 3:2. Find the coordinates of P.

.~

P

A(-1,3,7)

2. Determine the coordinates of the following three points R, Sand T.

(a) A( 4,-2,5), B( 1 0, 1 ,-1) R divides AB (internally) in the ratio 2: 1.

(b) C(8,-6), D(O,-2) S divides CD (internally) in the ratio 1:3.

(c) F(-7,-1,-5), G(1,7,11) T divides FO (internally) in the ratio 3:5.

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The Scalar Product

1. The diagram shows two vectors a and b, radiating from the point P.

Use the components of the two vectors to determine the value of a . b

Exercise 3

(a) p. q

(d) p. (q + r)

(b) p. r

(e) 2q.(r-p)

(c) r. q

3. Use the diagram to find the value of a . h

lal =4

Iql = 3

4. Write down the value of p.q

Ipl =2

5. A(1,2,4), B(3,-I,O), P(-2,4,5) and Q(O,3,1).

~ ~

(a) Find the components of the two vectors PQ and AB.

~ ~

(b) Find the value of An. PQ .

6. A triangle is formed from R(O,4,-l), S(1,5,2) and T(6, 1,-2).

~ ~

(a) Find the two vectors RS and RT.

~ ~

(b) Evaluate RS. RT .

(c) From your answer, what can you deduce about the two lines RS and RT ?

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7. The vectors in the diagram are representatives of

a

(a) Find a. b

(b) Find their magnitudes [i.e. lal and Ibl] .

(c) Hence calculate the value of e, the angle between the vectors a and b.

8. Look at triangle PQR

-t -t

(a) Find the components of the two vectors PQ and PR

Q(1,4,5)

-t -t

(b) Calculate I PQ I and I PR I

(c) Hence calculate the size of LQPR

P(O,-2,3)

R(3, 1, 1)

9. Given that a = [ ~3 J and b = [;, J arc perpendicular to each other, calculate the value of t.

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Outcome 2

Further Differentiation and Integration

Differentiation

Exercise 4

1. If f(x) = sinx, write down the value of f '(»),

2. If v = cosx, write down the value of dy .

- dx

3. Differentiate the following ;(a) f(x) = 3cosx

(c) y = 4sinx - 2cosx

(b) y = 5sinx

(d) f(x) = !..cosx + ~sinx.

2 3

4. If f(x) = (x + 3)3, find f'(x) and hence find ['(-1).

5. Given y = (x - 5)4, find ix,

6. Differentiate (x + 2)10 with respect to x.

7. Differentiate the following :-

(a) f(x) = 2(x + 3)6 (d) f(x) = (x - 4t3

(b) y = (3x - 1)10 1

I

(c) Y = (4x - 3) 2 4

(e) g(x) = (2x-l)

(f) y="';x-2'

Integration
Exercise 5
1. Find :- (a) fcosxdx (b) J sinxdx.
2. Find ;- (a) f 3sinxdx (b) f 5cosxdx
(c) f (2cosx - 4sil1 x)dx (d) f I 2
(2:cosx + x + 2)dx.
3. Find ;- (a) f (x + 4)3 dx (b) f (x - 5)sdx
I
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4. Integrate (x + 7)4 with respect to x.

5. Evaluate the following :~

1l 2

(a) f cosxdx ()

IT

(b) fsinxdx.

rt 2

6. Evaluate the following :I

(a) fex+3)2dx

o

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Outcome 3

Logarithms and Exponentials

Laws of Logarithms

Exercise 6

1. Find the value of :(a) log28

(d) log77

2. Find the value of :(a) log24

1 (d) logs(-)

. 5

3. Simplify:-

(a) loga6 + loga3 (d) 210g255

(b) logs25 (e) log5l.

(c) 10glOlOOOOOO

(b) (e)

log42

I log3 (-) , 9

(b) (e)

logb20 -10gb 4 (c) log48 + log42

log 2 + log 12 - log 3 -log 8

c c c c

Logarithmic and Exponential Equations

Exercise 7

1. Use your calculator to find the following values :-

1 4 Z = 5 .

(b)

y = 10°·5

(c)

2. Write down an expression for the exact value of x, given loglcf = 2·3, and hence find it to four significant figures.

3. Solve for a, band c :(a) logloa = 0·8

(b)

log b = 2·8

e

4. By taking log (to the base 10 or base e) of both sides, solve the equation 3x = 10 for x.

5. Solve for p, q and r :(a) 4P = 32

6. Solve for x :-

(a) log3 + logx = log21 (c) logx + logx = log16

(e) log5 + log(x - I) = log25

(b) 109 = 50

(c) 8r=3.

(b) logx - log5 = log4 (d) 3logx=logl25

(f) logx + log(x + I) = log 12.

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Outcome 4 The Wave Function

The Wave Function Exercise 8

1 . Express
2. Express
3. Express
4. Express 3cosx ° + 4siru: ° in the form kcos(x - a)O where k > 0 and 0 :s: a < 360. cosf - .J3 sine in the form kcos/B - a)O where k > 0 and 0 :s: a < 2It. l2cosx ° - 5sinx 0 in the form ksin(x + at where k > 0 and 0 :s: a < 360. cosfl + sine in the form kcos(e + aY where k » 0 and 0 ~ a < 2n.

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Section B

Post-Test Revision/Consolidation

f0@C913lt®ffi liLt - Extra practice for Be-Test ~@@l5n®ffi W8 - Extension to Levels AlB

Students to be directed to appropriate section Bl or BZ.

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Section BII

Outcome I - BI

Vectors in 3-Dimensions

Collinearity

Exercise 9

1. Given T(2,-I,4) and S(3,5,0), find :-

---) (a) ST

---) (b) I ST I

2. Show that the three points,

J(-3,5,8), K(l,-3,0) and L(2,-5,-2) are collinear.

V(7,-8,-5)

1. The diagram shows a line joining U(-1,8, 11) to V(7,-8,-5).

Find the coordinates of point P, on the line UV, dividing it in the ratio 5:3.

Sectioning of a line

Exercise 10

U(-l,8,11)

2. A(l5,-3) and B(1,4), Find the coordinates of point T, on AB, dividing the line in the ratio 3:4.

3. Determine the coordinates of point Q on the line EF where E( 4,-1,0) and F(8, 11 ,-8) given that Q divides EF in the ratio 3: 1.

'guN 'I

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The Scalar Product

Exercise 11

(a) u. v

(b) v . u

2. The diagram shows two vectors wand t with an angle of 600 between them.

Given Iw I = 6 and It I = 8, find the value of w . t

t

3. The sketch shows two vectors a and b with an angle of e between them.

If it is known that a.b = 0, what can you deduce about the size of the angle e ?

4. The diagram shows 3 points A(l,3,-1), S(4,4,I) and T(3,O,2). (a) Find the components of the 2 vectors :-

-1 -7

AS and AT.

-7 -7 (b) Find the value of AS. AT

A(I,3,-1)

T(3,O,2)

5 . The diagram shows two vectors band e with an angle of e between them.

(a) Find h.c

(b) Find Ib I and Ie I

(c) Hence calculate the size of the angle e.

6.

-t -7

(a) Find the components of the two vectors EF and EG.

--7 -7

(b) Calculate the magnitudes of the vectors Eli' and EG.

(c) Hence determine the size of angle FEG.

F(2,2,0)

G(1,3,4)

CRUM')

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Outcome 2 - Bl

Further Differentiation and Integration

Differentia tion

Exercise 12

1. Find f'(x) given

(a) f(x) = 5cosx

(b) f(x) = 4sinx - 2.cosx. 2

2. Find d/Y , given y = (x + 6)5. ex

3. Differentiate the following :- 3

(a) f(t)- +sinx . - 4

(d) y = (x + 1)-2

(b) y = (x - 3)7 (e) y = -J(x + 5)

(c) f(x) = (3x - 4)4

1

(f) f(x) = (2x _ 3)3 .

4. A function is given by f(x) = (x - 2)4, (a) Find the derivative f'(x),

(b) Evaluate the gradient of the tangent to the curve at the point with x-coordinate 4. (i.e. find f'(4»),

Integration

Exercise 13

1. Find:- (a) f (5sinx - 2cosx)dx

(b) f (4cosx + 2x + 3)dx,

2. Find:- (a) f (x + 3)2 dx

3, Integrate:-

1

(x + 5)2 dx with respect to x.

4. Evaluate:-

1l 3

f (-sinx)dx. o

5. Evaluate:-

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Outcome 3 - Bl

Logarithms and Exponentials

Laws of Logarithms

Exercise 14

I. Find the value of :(a) log327

(d) log55

(b) 10giOlOO

(e) log61.

2. Find the value of :(a) log93

(c)

3. Simplify:-

(a) loga4 + logaS

(c) log63 + log612

(b) logb24 -logb6 (d) log236 -log29.

Logarithmic and Exponential Equations

Exercise 15

2~ 1. Use your calculator to find the value of 8 3.

2. Given log5Y = 1·8, write down an expression for the exact value of y and evaluate it, correct to 3 significant figures.

3. Solve for x and y :-

(b) lny = 2·2.

4. Given qt = 15, write down an expression for the exact value of x and evaluate it, to 2 decimal places.

5. Solve for p and q :-

6. Solve for x :-

(a) logS + logx = log30 (c) log3x + logx = log75

(e) log3 + log(x + 2) = log21

(b) log2x - log3 = log4 (d) 21ogx:= log49

(f) log(x + 1) + log(x - 1) = log24.

fPnk'"

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Outcome 4 - BI The Wave Function

The Wave Function Exercise 16

I. Express Scosx" + 6siru:o in the form kcos(x - 0,)0 where k > 0 and 0 ::;; a < 360.

2. Express .Ji cosf - -J2 sine in the form kcostf) - ar where k > 0 and 0::;; a < 2n.

y

y = kcos(x - ex)

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Section E21

Outcome 1 - B2

Vectors in 3- Dimensions

Collinearity

Exercise 17

In terms of u and v, write down the vectors given by :-

1. In this trapezium AB :::: 20C and AB is parallel to DC.

-7 -7

Also, DC :::: u and AD :::: v.

-7 (a) AB

-7 (b) AC

-7 (c) Be

-7 (d) BN

~

(e) AN.

2. (a) P(1,5,-2), Q(2,8,O) and S(-1,3,2) are 3 corners of a parallelogram PQRS.

Find the coordinates of R.

-7 ~

(b) By finding the components of PQ and PS and using the scalar product, prove that PQRS is really a rectangle.

3. P(1,-1,3), Q(5,1,-1) and R(-3,3,-2) are the vertices of a triangle.

M is the mid point of PQ and C, 2. of the

3

way along MR from M, is called the

centroid of L!.PQR (the centre of gravity).

(a) Find the coordinates of M.

(b) Find the coordinates of C.

._----7Q

P

4. If the two vectors u = [:) and v = [~J are perpendicular, find the valuer s) of a. 3

5. AB is a line with vertices A(2,O,-3) and B(8,-2,5).

P lies on AB and divides it externally in the ratio 3: 1.

Find the coordinates of P.

B

P

6. In terms of the three unit vectors i.] and k, vectors a and b are given by a :::: 2i + 4j - 4k and b :::: 5i + 3k.

Write down expressions for :-

(a) a w b (b) 2a-b

(c) la I

(d) a.b

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7. P = (: J and q = ( ~ ]. Show thatthe 2 vectors (p + q) and (p - q) are perpendicular.

8. The diagram shows two vectors a and b with an angle 1t

of - between them. 6

If la I := 2 and Ib 1 := .f3, find the value of :-

(a) ab (b) a.a (c) a.tb - a).

9. Given that the vector (:}s perpendicular to both vectors (~IJ and [J find the values of a and h.

10. ABCDEFGH is a parallelipiped (a squashed cuboid)

~ ~ -t

AB := U, AD = v and AF = w.

Find the expressions for the following vectors, in terms of u, v and w.

~ ~ -t -t -t

(a) DC (b) HC (c) AC (d) FD (e) CF.

-ir ...

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Outcome 2 - B2

Further Differentiation and Integration

A Mixture

Exercise 18

1. Find the gradient of the tangent to the curve f(x) = 3sinx + 2cosx at the point with x-coordinate 2:.. 4

2. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = -J3x-- 2 at the point with x-coordinate 2.

3. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve f(x) = 2x - sinx at the point with x-cocrdinate O.

4. Show the function f(x) = 3;X - Zcosx is always increasing.

J 12

5. Find -J3x -1 dx.

2

6. Evaluate JC5x-4)2 dx.

7 G" "3 f d dy

" lven y == sin- x, In dx .

8. Differentiate I '3 2 with respect to x.

"YX - x

1t under the curve f(x) == cos3x from x = 0 to -" 2

x

a

9. Given that f x3dx = 20, find the value of a.

I

10. Shown is the parabola y = 16 - x2 and the line y == 7.

Determine the shaded area shown in the diagram.

11. (a) By writing cos3x as cos(2x + x), show that cos3x = -lcos ' x - 3cosx.

(b) The diagram shows f(x) == cos3x "

Rearrange the equation in part (a) to obtain an expression for cos3x and use this to determine the area

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Outcome 3 - B2

Logarithms and Exponentials

Laws of Logarithms

Exercise 19

1. Shown are sketches of y == log2x and y == 2t, Sketch the following, indicating any important points or features ;-

(a) y == 2x - 1

(c) Y = log2(x + 2)

y=2(X--l) 1

Y = log2(- ).

x

(b) (d)

2, Solve for x, correct to 3 decimal places :-

2·5X == 20,

3, Solve for x :- log6x + log6(2x + 1) = 2.

4. The population of a species of rodent in South America is deteriorating according to the formula :pet) = Poe-O.06St

where Po is the initial population and t is the time in years. pet) is the population after t years.

(a) Initially, in 1990, the population was around 100000. What would the population be :-

(i) in 1991 (ii) in 1992 ?

(b) How many years would it take for the population to reach half its 1990 figure?

5, Shown is the graph of the exponential function f(x) = aekx,

Find the values of a and k.

6. Given

1 H

P = - loge __Q_ prove that H == Hoe-pl.

t H

7. The graph shows log 1 0 V plotted against log1 at with the best fitting line drawn in.

Use the graph to determine a connection between V and t of the form V = ki"

and find the values of k and n.

'Rtd')

(2,17)

(6,1·5)

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8. In a scientific experiment involving two variables, x and y, the following set of results were obtained.

I: I

3

5

7

9

I

L5

13·0

28·0

46·3

67·5

(a) Draw up a new table showing log lOx and logloY'

log lOx 0 0·48 ~
logloY 0·40 1·11 ~
t (b) Use 2 mm graph paper (or 1/2 em) and plot the values of logloY against logltr.

(c) Deduce that the formula connecting the 2 variables of the form y == ax" and find the values of a and n.

9. A further experiment was carried out involving two variables P(pressure) and t(temperature).

The scientist believed that the two were connected by the formula P = a b' and drew up the following table of values :-

2

3

4

5

I

1·79

1·97

2·16

2·34

2·52

(a) Plot IogP against t and hence show that 10geP = mt + c for some values of m and c

(b) Hence, deduce that the scientist was correct in his belief that P == a b' and find the values of a and b.

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Outcome 4 - B2

The Wave Function

The Wave Function

Exercise 20

1. Solve for x :-

(a) 4cos(x - 20) ° :::: 1

0:::; x < 360

(b) 2sin(8 + 1t/12) ::::,,)3 0:::; 8 < 2n.

2. In exercise 8, you should have discovered that 3cosxO + 4sinxo could be expressed as 3cosxo + 4sinxo = 5cos(x - 53.1) °

Use this to solve the equation :- 3cosxo + 4sinxo = 2·5

0:::; x < 360.

3. Solve the equation

l Zcosx" - Ssinx " = 10.

4. Solve for 8

-Ji sine + -J2 cos8 = 1

0:::; 8 < 2n.

5. (a) What is the minimum value of 6cosxo + Ssinr" ? (b) For what value of x does this minimum occur?

6. (a) What is the maximum value of f(x) :::: 5 + 4cosx ° - 3sinx ° ? (b) What value of x produces this maximum?

7. The function

f(x) = 2cosx ° + 3sinx ° can be re-written in the form f(x) = 2cosxO + 3sinxo :;:: ..J13 cos (x - 56·3)°.

Use this to make a neat sketch of f(x) = 2cosxo + 3sinxo between x = 0 and x = 360, indicating any maximum, minimum and zeros that occurs.

8. (a) What is the minimum value of f(x) = ~ .

cos G} 3sin8+4

(b) For what value of e, between 0 and 2n, does this minimum occur?

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Higher Maths - Mathematics 3

9, In San Francisco, cable cars are pulled up the steep hills by cables pulled over large pulley wheels.

The height of the mark on one of the wheels is measured above the ground and is given by

hrt) = 2·2 + 0·8 {3 cosnt + O'Ssinrtt

where t is the number of seconds after the wheel begins to revolve and h(t) = height in metres of the mark above ground,

(a) Express o·g {3 cosm + O,gsinTCl in the form

kcos(TCt - a)

0:;;; a < 2n:

(b) How high above ground is :(i) the centre of the wheel? (ii) the top of the wheel? (iii) the bottom of the wheel?

(c) After how many seconds will the mark in the wheel first be 3 metres above the ground?

cable

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I. (a) [] (h) [J

2. (a) ~ = [:,] ~ = [J

3. ; {] ;~ = [J ~ = -3/.;(etc.)

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Answers to Maths 3

(c)

6.

~ ~

(b) AB = 3 Be (etc.),

1. P(2,-3,4).

2. (a) R(8,0,1) (b) S(6,-5) (c) T(-4,2,1).

Exercise 3
1. 10.
2. (a) 9 (b) 14
3. 6-13 (lOA .. ).
4. 0. 5. (a) ;; = [] ; = []

6. Ca) (]and [~J

7. (a) 5

(b) lal = 3, Ibl = 5

9. t = 3.

(c) -9

(d) 23

(e) -36.

(b) 23.

(b) 0

(c) RS is perpendicular to RT.

~ ~

(b) I PQI = -J4l ; I PRI = 51

(c) LQPR = 55·5°.

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Exercise 4

1. cosx

2. =smx.

3. (a) -3sinx

(b) 5cosx

(c) 4cosx + 2sinx

4. f'(x) = 3(x + 3)2; £1(-1) == 12.

6. 10(x + 2)9.

7. (a) 12(x + 3)5 (d) -3(x - 4t4

(b) 30(3x - 1)9 (e) -2(2x - 1)-2

(c) 2(4x - 3tlf2 (0 -2(x - 2t3f2.

Exercise 5
1. (a) sinx + c (b) --cosx + c.
2. (a) -3cosx + c (b) 5sinx + c
3
(c) 2sinx + 4cosx + c (d) 1. x 2
-smx + - + x + c.
2 3
3. (a) (x + 4)4 (b) (x - 5)9
+c +c
4 9
3
(c) 2(x - 3)2 +c (d) (x - 2r3
+c.
3 -3
4. (x + 7)5
+ c.
5
5. (a) 1 (b) 1.
6. (a) 121/3 [12·33 ... ] (b) 1/5 [0·2].
Exercise 6
1. (a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 1 (e) O.
2. (a) 2 (b) 1/2 (c) 1/3 (d) -1 (e) -2
3. (a) logal8 (b) logb5 (c) 2 (d) 1 (e) O. Higher Still Support Materials

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Exercise 7
1. (a) 19-4 (b) 3·16 (c) 0·669.
2. (a) x := 102.3 (b) 199·5.
3. (a) a:= 6·31 (b) 16·4 (c) S.
4. 2·10
5. (a) 2·5 (b) 1·70 (c) 0·53.
6. (a) 7 (b) 20 (c) 4 (d) 5
(e) 6 (f) 3 (:;t-4). Exercise 8

1. 5cos(x - 53·1)°.

2. 2cos(8 - 5ni3).

3. 13sin(x + 112·6)°.

4. -.fi cos(8 + 7n/4).

Exercise 9

L (a) H (b)~.

2. ~ = [J ~~ = [iJ

~ ~

JK = 4 KL (etc.).

Exercise 10

1. P(4,-2,1).

2. T(9,0).

3. Q(7,S,-6).

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Higher Maths - Mathematics 3

Exercise 11

I. (a) 3

(b) 3.

') 24.

4. (a)

~ [3J ~ [2J

AS = ~ , AT = ~~1

9.

(b)

5. 11

(b) Ibl = .Jl4, lei = ..Jl4

(b) .J6 and ..J3O

Exercise 12

1. (a) -5sinx

(b) 4cosx + 1/2sinx.

2. 5(x + 6)4,

3. (a) 3/4COSX

(d) -2(x + 1)-3

(b) 7(x - 3)6

(e) 1/2(X + 5)-1/2

(c) (t)

4. (a) 4(x - 2)3

(b) 32.

Exercise 13
1 . (a) -5cosx - 2sinx + c
2. (a) ex + 3)3 +c
3
3
2 -
3. -(x + 5)2 + c.
3
4.
2
5. 433h· (b)

4sinx + x2 + 3x + c.

(b)

(x _1)-2 ---+c.

-2

12(3x - 4P -6

(2x _ 3)4 0

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Higher Maths - Mathematics 3

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Exercise 14

1. (a) 3

(b) 2 (b) -1

(c) 5 (c) -3.

Cd)

(e) O.

2. (a) 1/2

(c) 2

(d) 2.

Exercise 15
1. 256.
2. Y = Sl.g -> 18.1.
3. (a) 12·6 (b) 9·03.
4. x = log., 15 = 1.95.
log., 4
5. (a) 2·86 (b) 0·699.
6. (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 7 (e) 5 (f) 5.
Exercise 16
1. 1 Ocos(x - 36·9)°.
2. 2cos(S - 77t/4).
Exercise 17
1. (a) 2u (b) v+u (c) v-u (d) I/2V - 1/2U (e) 3/2u + 1/2V.
~ -)
2. (a) R(O,6,4) (b) PQ. PS = 0 -> perpendicular (etc.).
3. (a) M(3,O,1) (b) C(1,l,O).
4. a = 1 or-4.
5. (11,-3,9).
6. (a) [] (b) [.J (c) 6 (d) -2.
7. Proof that (p + q).(p - q) = O.
8. (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) -1. 'k4."

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Higher Maths - Mathematics 3

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9. a = Ii}, b:::: 5.

10. (a) u

(b) ~w

(c) u + v

Cd) v - w

(e) w - u - v.

Exercise 18

1

1. -= (0·707). ,2

3. Y = x.

4. £1(x) =: 3 + 2sinx; min value is 1 -> always increasing.

5. 8(3x - 1)1/2 + c.

7. 3sin2xcosx.

J

1 2 3 2-2"

8. --(3x -2x)(x' -x )

2

9. a;::: 3.

10. 491h

11. (a) Proof

Exercise 19

(c)

(b)

y ;:;: 2(x - I)

1. (a)

y=-l

Cd)