English Melayu

ICT HUMAN CAPITAL – TOWARDS A MODAL INSAN ICT – KE ARAH MENJADI

PRODUCER NATION IN ICT NEGARA PENGELUAR ICT

In the mid-1990s, Malaysia embarked on a Pada pertengahan dekad 90-an, Malaysia

course to become a developed nation by mula mengorak langkah menjadi negara
leveraging on ICT. So far, are our ICT maju berlandaskan ICT. Sejauh manakah
strategies really helping us achieve vision strategi ICT kita membantu mencapai
2020? hasrat Wawasan 2020?

Malaysia had as long ago as the mid-1990s Seawal dekad 90-an, Malaysia telah
identified ICT as a key economic driver in memanfaatkan ICT sebagai pemacu
her effort to shift to a knowledge-based ekonomi ke arah ekonomi berasaskan
economy and achieve the vision of pengetahuan dan mencapai status negara
becoming a developed nation by the year maju menjelang tahun 2020. Antara inisiatif
2020. The most significant and ambitious is paling bermakna ialah penubuhan Koridor
the 1996 launch of the national ICT Raya Multimedia (MSC) pada tahun 1996.
initiative the Multimedia Super Corridor MSC berjaya menambahkan peluang
(MSC) Malaysia, which has brought pekerjaan, mencambahkah ratusan syarikat
considerable success in creating jobs, ICT ternama, menjana pendapatan eksport
spawning many successful ICT companies, dan meletakkan Malaysia sebagai antara
generating exports and putting Malaysia on destinasi pelaburan ICT terunggul dunia.
the map as one of the world’s top
destinations for ICT investment. Pencapaian yang hebat tentunya hadir
dengan pelbagai cabaran: diiring bersama-
However, these successes breed its own set sama dengan persaingan dan dinamika
of challenges, and coupled with the fast landskap ICT, membayangkan betapa faktor
changing and competitive dynamics of the kejayaan masa lalu tidak lagi memadai
ICT landscape, the factors that have helped untuk terus memacu pertumbuhan
Malaysia succeed are no longer sufficient to Malaysia ke arah Wawasan 2020. Antara
propel Malaysia to the level of growth cabaran utama yang dihadapi ialah
needed to achieve vision 2020. Chief kekurangan pakar ICT yang memenuhi
among the challenges is the insufficient keperluan industri serta graduan yang
supply of skilled ICT human resource to lemah kemahiran teknikal dan
meet the needs of the industry and kepemimpinan. Gejala ini diburukkan lagi
economy at large. The lack of in-depth dengan gambaran negatif media yang
technical knowledge and soft skills has led seterusnya mendorong sejumlah besar
to low employability. This was further pelajar tidak berminat melanjutkan
compounded by the unfortunate pelajaran dalam bidang ICT.
perception portrayed by the media on this
matter thus discouraging a large number of Penyelesaian segera amat perlu
students who would have otherwise pursue memandangkan kuantiti dan kualiti
ICT studies as their first choice. graduan ICT kini amat tidak mencukupi dan
menjejaskan matlamat Model Ekonomi
The situation is now critical as the country’s Baru (NEM) yang dilancarkan oleh Perdana
output of ICT graduates in terms of quantity Menteri pada Mac 2010. NEM yang
and quality is woefully inadequate and bertunjangkan prinsip Malaysia sebagai

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threatens the success of the New Economic negara maju berpendapatan tinggi
Model (NEM) that was launched by the menjelang 2020, menekankan
Prime Minister in March 2010 to transform pertumbuhan ekonomi berteraskan
Malaysia into a high income economy by produktiviti dan inovasi – seperti Singapura,
2020. The NEM stresses economic Korea Selatan, Amerika Syarikat dan
development through productivity and Finland – yang memanfaatkan sepenuhnya
innovation – features of advanced ICT.
economies such as Singapore, South Korea,
US and Finland - that make extensive use Apakah yang boleh kita lakukan untuk
ICT. menangani masalah ini dan seterusnya
meletakkan kita kembali pada landasan
What can be done to overcome this yang betul menuju matlamat asal?
problem and realign ourselves to the
original goal? Malaysia mesti mempercepat proses
memperkaya bakat ICT ke arah mencipta
Malaysia must accelerate the development lantunan positif menjadi negara maju
of its ICT talent pool if it is to achieve its berpendapatan tinggi. Yang diperlukan
aim of making the quantum leap to a sekarang ialah ialah pendekatan bersepadu
developed high income nation status. What dalam menangani isu dan cabaran,
is required now is an integrated approach khususnya berkenaan modal insan, yang
that will address the many issues and dihadapi sektor ICT negara. Atas kesedaran
challenges that face the human capital in ini, Rangka Pertumbuhan Modal Insan ICT
the ICT sector in Malaysia. Towards this telah dirangka pada tahun 2009,
aim, an interest group got together in 2009 menggariskan visi yang jelas dan
to propose an ICT Human Capital munasabah serta prinsip dan dasar yang
Development Framework that sets out a penting untuk Malaysia melahirkan sumber
clear and compelling vision and outlines the manusia yang diperlukan. Rangka
principles and policy measures that are berkenaan dicadangkan oleh Pasukan
needed to ensure Malaysia has access to Petugas Sumber Manusia ICT Kebangsaan
such as workforce. Naming itself the yang dianggotai oleh:
National ICT Human Resources Task Force,
the group is principally made up of Naib Canselor ICT dan Majlis Dekan-
members from the following: Dekan ICT (MADICT)
Gabungan Komputer Kebangsaan
ICT Vice Chancellors and Majlis Dekan- Malaysia (MNCC)
Dekan ICT (MADICT) Persatuan Industri Komputer Malaysia
Malaysia National Computer (PIKOM)
Confederation (MNCC)
Computer Industry Association Malaysia Pasukan Petugas turut disertai oleh wakil
(PIKOM) daripada pelbagai agensi berkenaan ICT:

The Task Force was later joined by
representatives from various ICT-related
agencies, namely:
Ministry of Science, Technology and
Innovation (MOSTI)
Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan
Inovasi (MOSTI)
Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia
(MOHE)
Unit Pemodenan Tadbiran dan
Perancangan Pengurusan Malaysia

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 Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE)
Malaysian Administrative
Modernization and Management
Planning Unit (MAMPU)
Public Service Department (PSD)
MIMOS Berhad
Multimedia Development Corporation
(MDeC)
What would be the purpose of this Task
Force, and how would they achieve it?
The Task Force had begun by setting the
underlying vision and goals:
The Vision: To secure Malaysia’s supply of
world-class ICT professionals who will
support the nation’s ambitions to be a net
producer of competitive ICT-based
solutions for the global market, and
facilitate the higher adoption of ICT in
private and public sectors.
The Goals :
1. To nurture quality minds who will
contribute towards our country’s
goal of becoming a high-income
developed nation with significant
standing in the global economy.
2. To inculcate strong research and
development (R&D),
commercialisation and professional
culture within a dynamic, efficient,
and effective ICT workforce.
3. As input, to produce ICT graduates
who are consistently relevant to
current and future industries
thereby ensuring a long career shelf
life.
4. To increase the commercialisation
of quality ICT applications for the
global market in niche areas.
5. To increase the value of the ICT
profession so that it will be an
attractive and sustainable career
(MAMPU)
Jabatan Perkhidmatan Awam (JPA)
MIMOS Berhad
Multimedia Development Corporation
(MDeC)
Apakah tujuan Pasukan Petugas ini dan
bagaimanakah mereka melakukannya?
Pasukan Petugas ini telahpun menetapkan
visi dan matlamat yang khusus:
Visi: Menjamin penghasilan berterusan
pakar ICT bertaraf dunia yang akan menjadi
tulang belakang ke arah menjadikan
Malaysia pengeluar bersih rumusan ICT
yang berdaya saing di pasaran dunia; dan
melicinkan penerapan ICT dalam sektor
kerajaan dan swasta.
Matlamat:
1. memupuk minda berkualiti yang akan
menyumbang ke arah hasrat Wawasan
menjadi negara maju berpendapatan
tinggi dengan peranan utama dalam
ekonomi sejagat
2. memacu penyelidikan dan
pembangunan (R&D), pengkomersialan
dan sumber manusia ICT yang
profesional, dinamik, cekap dan
berkesan.
3. mencadangkan langkah-langkah
melahirkan graduan ICT yang relevan
dengan keperluan industri pada masa
kini dan masa depan, langsung
menjamin kerjaya yang stabil
4. meningkatkan pengkomersialan
aplikasi ICT berkualiti dan khusus,
untuk pasaran global
5. meningkatkan nilai kerjaya ICT untuk
menjadikannya satu kerjaya pilihan dan
terjamin
Rangka berkenaan memfokuskan tiga
tonggak teras yang setiap satunya
mendasari beberapa polisi yang disarankan,
yang pada peringkat ini, masih belum
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 option. begitu mendalam analisisnya

The framework will focus on three strategic  lihat jadual

thrusts, within which several policy
measures are recommended, although Apakah antara hasil yang boleh
these are not yet exhaustive at this stage. dijangkakan daripada pelaksanaan
Pasukan Petugas ini?
 see table
Pelan pelaksanaan memerlukan tonggak
Assuming the Task Force is successfully utama dan pendekatan dianalisis lebih
implemented, what kind of outcomes can menyeluruh dan berupaya membuahkan
we expect? hasil seperti yang diharapkan dalam masa
10 tahun. Berikut ialah beberapa jangkaan
The strategic thrusts and actions need to be hasil:
detailed into an implementation plan and
must be executed with a focus to achieve bekalan berterusan profesional ICT
measurable outcomes in the 10 years. The yang berkelayakan
following is the initial list of suggested mencapai matlamat RMK-10
outcomes sentiasa memenuhi permintaan dan
penawaran pasaran
A secure supply of qualified ICT sektor ICT menyumbang 25%
professionals daripada KDNK
Meeting the goals of RMK-10 peningkatan berterusan KDNK
Matching of supply and demand on produktiviti ICT
a sustained basis
ICT sector contributes 25% to GDP Pasukan Petugas Sumber Manusia ICT
Kebangsaan menyedari bahawa terdapat
Sustained improvement in
beberapa saranan tentang dasar dan
productivity and GDP growth
pendekatan untuk membaiki kualiti dan
The National ICT Human Resource nilai pasaran graduan ICT sudahpun
Taskforce fully recognises that several of dirancang atau telah dilaksanakan oleh
the policy recommendations and measures pihak kerajaan atau pihak lain menerusi
to improve the quality and employability of jawatankuasa atau forum tertentu. Saranan
our ICT graduates are either being planned Pasukan Petugas dalam Rangka ini
or have been initiated by the Government bertujuan membentuk titik temu dan
and stakeholders through other memperjelas isu-isu kritikal sektor ICT serta
committees and forums. The Taskforce’s mencadangkan langkah penyelesaian yang
recommendations in this framework aim to sesuai. Maka itu, Rangka tadi perlu
provide the anchor point and clarity on the dikembangkan menjadi satu pelan yang
most important issues and their proposed mengandungi program pelaksanaan dan
solutions Subsequently, this framework nama organisasi yang bertanggungjawab
needs to be developed into a roadmap with menggerakkan program berkenaan
an implementation plan and name the
corresponding responsible organizations to
drive the programs.

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The following policy proposals that are
more comprehensive including
implementation plans have been or are
being developed to cover the following
strategic thrusts:
- Improving ICT curriculum
- ICT Technology and R&D Roadmap
- ICT Professionalism Roadmap
As has been recommended in the third
strategic thrust (see table), and cannot be
emphasised enough, there is an urgent
need to re-brand and market the ICT
profession so that more bright students will
enrol in ICT courses, and more ICT
practitioners will consistently upgrade their
skills to remain relevant and valuable in this
field.
Finally, a critical step needed is the
establishment of a program monitoring
mechanism that will also receive feedback
to ensure that strategies and programs
being implemented achieved their goals.
The Framework is in the process of being
submitted and presented to the relevant
Ministries in view of tabling it in the
Cabinet as well as at the National IT Council
(NITC).
Saranan ke arah dasar ICT yang lebih
menyeluruh merangkumi pelan
pelaksanaan yang antara lain menyentuh:
membaiki kurikulum ICT
merangka hala tuju R&D dan ICT
merangka hala tuju profesionalisme
ICT
Seperti yang telah disarankan dalam
tonggak teras yang ketiga (lihat jadual),
wujud keperluan yang mendesak untuk
menjenamakan semula dan memasarkan
kerjaya ICT agar lebih ramai pelajar
cemerlang memilih untuk melanjutkan
pelajaran dalam bidang ICT dan pada masa
yang sama lebih ramai pengamal ICT sedia
ada sentiasa menatar kemahiran dan ilmu
mereka untuk kekal relevan dan bernilai
dalam bidang ini.
Terakhir, satu mekanisme pemantau
pelaksanaan pelan dan program amat
mustahak untuk mengumpul maklum balas
dan memastikan setiap strategi dan
program yang direncanakan berjaya
mencapai matlamat yang diharapkan.
Rangka berkenaan kini dalam proses untuk
dihantar dan dibentangkan kepada
Kementerian yang berkaitan sebelum
dibawa kepada Kabinet dan Majlis IT
Kebangsaan (NICT)
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English

Strategic Thrust Recommended Policy

ST1 Strengthen ICT curriculum with demand-driven
Raise workforce approach
competencies Strengthen ICT foundation in Malaysia’s education
system
Expand enrolment in ICT

ST2 Channel R&D and Commercialisation towards strategic

Build greater R&D and focus areas
innovative capacity Establish a boutique ICT university
Increase R&D collaboration between academia and
industry

ST3 Form a national ICT professional body

Institutionalise professional Promote professional development of practitioners
recognition and standards Re-brand and promote ICT as career of choice

Malay

Tonggak Teras Dasar yang Disarankan

TU1 memperkukuh kurikulum ICT berorientasikan
Meningkatkan kecekapan kehendak industri
pekerja memperkukuh asas ICT dalam sistem pendidikan
Malaysia
menambahkan penuntut ICT

TU2 memfokuskan R&D dan pengkomersialan ke arah

Membina kapasiti daya bidang teras dan khusus
cipta dan R&D menubuhkan universiti yang mengkhusus pada ICT
mempergiat usaha sama R&D antara akademik dengan
industri

TU3 manubuhkan badan profesional ICT kebangsaan

Menginstitusikan perakuan menggalakkan penarafan profesional dalam kalangan
profesional dan standard pengamal ICT
menjenamakan semula dan memasarkan ICT sebagai
kerjaya pilihan