What were the reasons for the Soviet

Invasion of Afghanistan?

By:
Hamidullah Wafakaish
Current Afghan Flag
So what is Afghanistan?

•E X I S T E D350 YEARS B.C.

FROM 1747-1973 A F G H A N I S TA N HAS MONARCHY
BACKGROUND (226) YEARS.
A H M A D S H A H D U R A N I WA S T H E F I R S T K I N G A N D D AW O O D
K H A N WA S T H E F I R S T P R E S I D E N T O F A F G H A N I S TA N ( 1 9 3 3 -
1973).
• T R I B E S I N A F G H A N I S TA N ( 4 0 % PA S H T U N , 2 5 . 3 % TA J I K , 1 8 %
HAZARA, 6.3 % UZBEK, 2.5% QIZILBASH AND 6.9% OTHERS..).
T H R O U G H T H E H I S T O R Y A F G H A N I S TA N WA S O C C U P I E D B Y
MANY POWERS:
1. Great Britain( 1839-1842) by Amir dost Mohd Khan.
2. Soviet Union ( 1979-1989). Mujahidin
3. Taliban (1992-2001). USA
4. United States of America ( 11 sept 2001). ?
 Reason of Political chaos and
invasions of Afghanistan

•D U R I N G T H E PA S S A G E O F H I S T O R Y T H E P O W E R H A S
B E E N I N H E R I T E D B Y P O W E R A N D C O P E D ’ E TAT E S .
•D I S T R I B U T I O N O F P O W E R A M O N G T H E L E A D E R S .
•D I F F E R E N T T R I B E S A N D L A N G U A G E S C O N T R I B U T E D T O
D E S T R U C T I O N O F A F G H A N I S TA N .
•R E L I G I O N A N D FA I T H ( 8 0 % S U N N I , 2 0 % S H I I T E A N D
30.000 HINDU)
•F O R E I G N I N T E R F E R E N C E S . ( PA K I S TA N A N D H E R A L L I E S )
•L O C AT I O N A N D R E S O U R C E S O F A F G H A N I S TA N ( H E A R T
OF ASIA).
•P O L I T I C A L PA R T I E S .
•I S L A M I C C U LT U R E .
Reason for Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

1964 the rise of communist party.

Inter-party clashes (Kalq/Parcham).
Weakness of Afghan government.
Coup d'états.
Afghan communist government’s appeal for external help.
Foreign interferences.
Mujahidin (holy warriors).
 Weakness of Afghan
Dawood’s Government
•F A I L U R E F O R P E A C E F U L A G R E E M E N T W I T H
BREZHNEV.
•F A I L U R E T O C O N T R O L T H E D O M E S T I C
CHAOS(DEMONSTRATIONS, KIDNAPS, PROPAGANDA).
•F A I L U R E T O R E M O V E T H E R A C I S M ( P A S H T O N , H A Z A R A ,
UZBEK AND ETC…)
•F A I L U R E T O A B O L I S H T H E H I D D E N D I C T A T O R S H I P
POLICIES OF PARTY TOWARD THE MINORITIES.
•F A I L U R E T O A V O I D T H E U P C O M I N G C O U P D ' É T A T .
Dawood Khan 1933-1979
 Rise of Communist Party
1964
•A K R A M Y A R I A N D K A B U L U N I V E R S I T Y .
•1 9 6 4 K A B U L D E M O N S T R A T I O N B Y C O M M U N I S T S .
•A S S A S S I N A T I O N O F A K R A M Y A R I I N 1 9 6 4 B Y ( H O L Y
WARRIORS).
•D A W O O D ’ S M E E T I N G W I T H B R E Z H N E V .

•A F G H A N ’ S A N G E R = S O V I E T R E V E N G E
•R E T U R N O F D A W O O D A N D H I S A S S I S S N A T I O N W I T H 1 7
MEMEBERS OF HIS FAMILY IN A SINGLE DAY.
•1 2 0 . 0 0 0 S O V I E T T R O O P S .
 Communist’s Access to power (1979-
1989)
The Law
•A T O T A L B A N O N I S L A M I C D O C T R I N E S .
•2 7 . 0 0 0 M U L L A H A N D E L I T E S M A S S A C R E .
•B A N O N B U R Q A
•L A N D R E F O R M S .
•R A I S E I N M A R R I G E R A T E .
•M A S S A C R E O F P O L I T I C A L P R I S O N E R S .
•D I R E C T I N T E R V E N T I O N O F S O V I E T S I N A F G H A N
GOVERNMENT.
•S E R G E Y P A V L O V I C H K I K T E V ( S O V I E T A F G H A N A M B A S S A D O R ) .
•T O T A L S O V I E T I N T E R V E N T I O N I N P O L I T I C A L A F F A I R S O F T H E
COUNTRY.
The Leaders
1979-1989
 Soviet Afghan war Clip

enjoy

video.flv
 So who are Mujahidden?
•D E F I N I T I O N :
•M U J A H I D D E N A R E T H E P E O P L E W H O A R E F I G H T I N G E I T H E R
M E N TA L LY O R P H Y S I C A L LY F O R T H E I R R I G H T S .
• M U J A H I D D E N S TA RT E D T O R I S E I N 1 9 6 4 W H I L E A K R A M YA R I WA S
KILLED.
•M U J A H I D D E N C O N S I S T S O F A L L A F G H A N P O P U L AT I O N .
•M U J A H I D D E N H A D A LWAY S T H E S U P P O RT O F U S T O F I G H T A G A I N S T
COMMUNISM.
•A S S A S S I N AT I O N O F A D O L P H D U B S I N F E B 1 5 1 9 7 9 I N K A B U L .
•I S I ( I N T E R S E RV I C E I N T E L L I G E N C E .
 So finally what caused soviets to withdraw from
Afghanistan?

Jimmy Carter’s appeal to Un security council.

Mujahidden “resistance” :D
United Nations determination.
 Conclusion
•M O R E T H A N 3 . 5 M I L L I O N A F G H A N R E F U G E E A R O U N D T H E
GLOBE.
•5 3 % O F T H E P O P U L AT I O N I S B E L O W T H E P O V E RT Y L I N E .
•C U R R E N T LY T H E R E A R E 2 M I L L I O N O R P H A N S I N
A F G H A N I S TA N .
•1 M I L L I O N W O M E N A R E W I D O W S .
•8 5 % O F F E M A L E S A R E I L L I T E R AT E .
•E A C H S I N G L E D AY 1 2 P E O P L E A R E B E I N G K I L L E D O R M A I M E D
BECAUSE OF LAND MINES.
•N O I N T E R N E T T I L L 2 0 0 1 .
•N O E L E C T R I C I T Y T I L L 2 0 0 1 .
•N O A I R P O RT T I L L 2 0 0 1 .