ASHTA SAMSKARA OF PARADA

Dr. Kulkarni Parag Umakant

Rasasastra P. G. Sch.
R & B Dept.
 Is
Is really
really
Parada
Parada
deliver
deliver that
that
much
much
medicinal
medicinal
properties
properties ??

SAMSKA
R
 Samskar
a

संस्कार सम+
् कृ+सुट् च।

Samskara means-

गण
ु ान्तराधानरुपे ●
adding Guna i.e. properties

प्रतियत्न: ●
to perform or to do any process

अनभ
ु व: ●
an experience
शध्दि
ु ः
अदृष्टविशेषजनककर्म्म
 Samskara In Rasa Classics

शुध्दिरिति सा च द्विविधा प्रोक्ता उक्तं हि

व्याधौ रसायने चैव द्विविधा सा परिकीर्तिता॥

या शुध्दिः कथिता व्याध्दौ सा नेष्टा हि रसायने।

रसायने तु या शुध्दिः सा व्याधावपि कीर्तिता ॥
(र.रा.सु.)
Samskara In Ayurveda
The processes – responsible for the transformation of
Guna

तोय ●
water

अग्निसन्निकर्ष ●
heat application

शौच ●
cleansing

मन्थन ●
churning
 देश ●
storing

काल ●
maturing

वासन ●
flavoring

भावना ●
impregnation

आदिग्रहणात् ●
पेषणाभिमन्त्रणादि गृह्यते (चक्रपाणि)
भावना
Parada
Samskara

वासन मन्थन

काल देश
 Samskara of
Parada
अष्टादशैव संस्कारा ऊनविंशतिकाः क्वचित ्।
संप्रोक्ता रसराजस्य वसुसंख्याः क्वचिन्मताः॥
(आ.प्र.१/३२)

to remove dosas(impurities) or to potentiate Parada for

Lohavedha (Alchemical) or Dehavedha
(Rasayana/therapeutic) purposes

अष्टादश ऊनविंशति वसस

ु ंख्याः
 Ashtadasha Samskara of Parada

स्यात्स्वेदनं तदनु मर्द्दनमूर्च्छ नश्च,

उत्थापनं पतनरोधनियामनानि।
सन्दिपनं गगनभक्षणमानमत्र,
सञ्चारणा तदनु गर्भगता द्रति ु श्च॥
बाह्यद्रति
ु ः सूतकजारणा स्याद्,
रागस्तथा सारणकर्म पश्चात ्।
संक्रामणं वेधविधिः शरीरे ,
योगस्तथाष्टादशधाऽत्र कर्म॥
(र.र.सम.ु ११/१२-१३)

Most of Rasa scholars mentioned 18 Samskara, but there

are some references regarding 19 Samskara or 20 Samskara.
 Ashtasamskar
a
इत्यष्टौ सत ू संस्काराः समा द्रव्ये रसायने।
शेषा द्रव्योपयोगित्वान्न ते वैद्योपयोगिनः॥
(आ.प्र.१/३६)

First eight Samskaras

Remaining ten or eleven Samskaras

mainly advised for Dravyakarma

commonly used for Dravyakarma
(Alchemical purposes)
and Rasayana karma
 Ashta Samskara

First five Samskaras Last three Samskaras

To remove various type of To change in its undesired properties
doshas of mercury and to improve its Bubhuksha .
 Reference
for
Practices

Ayurveda
Prakasha

Rasa Ratna Rasa

Samucchay Hrudaya
a Tantra
 Important Requirement before Ashtasamskara

●
● Patana yantra
●
● Dolayantra
Instruments ●
●

●
●
Tapta khalva yantra, Khalva
Ghata (Vessel)
●
● Enamal Trays

Samsakaropyogi ●
As per Samskara
Dravyas ●
Kanji

Parada ●
In Enough amount
 Amount of Parada for Samskara
द्वे सहस्त्रे पलानां तु सहस्त्रं शतमेव वा।
अष्टाविंशत्पलान्येव दश पञ्चैकमेव वा॥
पलार्धेनैव कर्त्तव्यः संस्कारः सूतकस्य च।
(र.र.समु.११/२४-२५)
2000 pala ●
● 80
80 kg
kg

1000 pala ●
● 40
40 kg
kg

100 pala ●
● 44 kg
kg

28 pala ●
● 1.12
1.12 kg
kg
Amount Used
for
10 pala ●
400
400 gm
gm
Ashtasamskara
●

5 pala ●
● 200
200 gm
gm

1pala ●
● 40
40 gm
gm

½ pala ●
● 20
20 gm
gm
 सुदिने शुभनक्षत्रे

रसशोधनमारभेत्॥
 Svedana Samskara:

परिभाषा :
क्षाराम्लैरौषधैर्वाऽपि दोलायन्त्रे स्थितस्य हि।
पचनं स्वेदनाख्यं स्यान्मलशैथिल्यकारकम ्॥ (र.र.समु.८/५९)

सुत्रं :
त्र्यष
ू णं लवणासर्यौ
ु चित्रकार्द्रकमल ू कम ्।
क्षिप्त्वा सत
ू ो महु ु ः स्वेद्यः काञ्जिकेन दिनत्रयम ्॥
(र.र.समु.११/२६)

Purpose: - मलशैथिल्यकारकम ्
Instruments: Dolayantra
 Dravyani

Parada ●
one part

Kalka ●
● Tryushana,
Lavana,
dravyas
●
●

●
● Asuri,
Chitraka,
1/16th part of
●
●

●
● Adraka,
Mulaka,
each
●
●

Kanji ●
as required
Procedure
 Mardana Samskara

परिभाषा :
उदितैरौषधैः सार्धं सर्वाम्लैः काञ्जिकैरपि।
पेषणं मर्दनाख्यं स्याद्बहिर्मलविनाशनम ्॥
(र.र.सम.ु ८/६०)
 सत्र
ु ं :
गहृ धूमेष्टिकाचूर्णं तथा दधि गुडान्वितम ्।
लवणासुरिसंयुक्तं क्षिप्त्वा सूतं विमर्दयेत ्॥
षोडशांशं प्रतिद्रव्यं सूतमानान्नियोजयेत ्।
सतू ं क्षिप्त्वा समं तेन दिनानि त्रीणि मर्दयेत ्॥
 Continue…

जीर्णाभ्रकं तथा बीजं जीर्णसूतं तथेव च।

नैर्मल्यार्थं हि सूतस्य खल्ले धृत्वा विमर्दयेत्॥
गृह्णाति निर्मलो रागान ग्रासे ग्रासे विमर्दितः।
मर्दनाख्यं हि तत्कर्म तत्सूतगुणकृ भ्दवेत्॥
(र.र.समु.११/२७-३०)

Purpose: बहिर्मलविनाशनम्
Instruments: Tapta Khalvayantra
 Dravyani

Svedita ●
one part
Parada

Gruhadhuma
Kalka dravyas
●
●

●
● Ishtikachurnam
Dadhi
1/16th part of
●
●

●
● Guda (Jaggery)
Lavana
each
●
●

●
● Asuri churna

Kanji ●
as required
Procedure
 Murcchana Samskara

परिभाषा :
मर्दनाऽऽदिष्टभैषज्यैर्नष्टपिष्टत्वकारकम ्।
तन्मूर्च्छ नं हि वङ्गादिभूजकञ्चुकनाशनम ्॥
(र.र.सम.ु ८/६१)
सत्र
ु ं :
गहृ कन्या मलं हन्यात ् त्रिफला वह्निनाशिनी।
चित्रमूलं विषं हन्ति तस्मादे भिः प्रयत्नतः॥
मिश्रितं सूतकं द्रव्यैः सप्तवाराणि मूर्च्छ येत ्।
इत्थं सम्मर्च्छि
ू तः सत ू ः दोषशन्ू यः प्रजायते॥
(र.र.सम.ु ११/३१-३२)
Purpose: वङ्गादिभज ू कञ्चक ु नाशनम ्

Instruments: Patanayantra or Khalvayantra

 Instrument –
Khalvayantra
 Dravyani

Mardita ●
one part
Parada

Kalka dravyas ●
Gruhakanya
1/16th part of ●
Triphala
each ●
Chitrakamula

Kanji ●
as required
Procedure
 Utthapana Samskara

परिभाषा :
स्वेदातपादियोगेन स्वरुपापादनं हि यत ्।
तदत्ु त्थापनमित्युक्तं मूर्च्छाव्यापत्तिनाशनम ्॥
(र.र.समु.८/६२)

सुत्रं :
अस्माद्विरेकात्संशुद्धो रसः पात्यस्ततः परम्।
उद्धृतः काञ्जिकक्वाथात् पूतिदोषनिवृत्तये॥(र.र.समु.११/३३)

Purpose: मूर्च्छाव्यापत्तिनाशनम्

Instruments: Khalvayantra/ Patanayantra

Instrument – Patanayantra
 Dravyani

Murcchita ●
one part
Parada

Ushnodak
a or ●
as required
Ushna
Kanji
 Procedure
Keep Murcchita
Allow theParada
Separate
Parada
Keep in
Murcchita
Allowthe
Separate theParada
Damruyantra
from yantra
Damaruyantra
to
and
apply
Parada in
Damruyantra
wash
become
heat it with
from the yantra
cool
Damaruyantra to
Kanji
and
apply
wash it with
become
heat coolKanji

C
oll
ec
t
P
ar
ad
a
ca
re
fu
lly
an
d
fil
ter
it
wi
th
cl
ot
h
pi
ec
e.
 Patana Samskara

परिभाषा :
उक्तैषधैर्मर्दितपारदस्य यन्त्रस्थितस्योर्ध्वमधश्च तिर्यक् ।
निर्यातनं पातनसंज्ञमक्ु तं वङ्गाहिसम्पर्क जकञ्चक ु ाघ्नम ्॥
(र.र.समु.८/६४)

Purpose: वङ्गाहिसम्पर्क जकञ्चुकाघ्नम ्

Types:
1. Urdvapatana
2. Adhapatana
3. Tiryakpatana
 Urdvapatana
सत्र
ु ं :
ताम्रेण पिष्टिकां कृत्वा पातयेदर्ध्व
ू भाजने।
वङ्गनागौ परित्यज्य ् शुद्धो भवति सूतकः॥
शल्
ु बेन पातयेत्पिष्टी त्रिधोर्ध्वं सप्तधा त्वधः।
(र.र.सम.ु ११/३६)

Dravyani

●
Utthapita Parada – 1part
●
Tamra Churna – ¼ parts
Instruments: Urdvapatanayantra
 Procedure
Tamra Churna mixed
Place this Pishti in
with Utthapita
Lower Ghata of
Parada and ground
Urdhvapatana yantra
well to become Pishti

Seal the
Urdhvapatana yantra
properly and apply
fire form down

Then Parada will get Similar procedure should

repeat for 3 times in
collected from the
Urdhvapatana yantra and
Upper Ghata of 7 times in Adhapatana
Urdhvapatana yantra yantra
 Adhapatana

सुत्रं :
त्रिफला शिग्रशि
ु खिभिर्लवणासरि ु संयत ु ैः।
नष्टपिष्टं रसं कृत्वा लेपयेच्चोर्ध्वभाजने॥
ततो दीप्तैरधःपातमुत्पलैस्तत्र कारयेत ्॥
(र.र.समु.११/३७-३८)
 Dravyani

Urdhvapatit ●
one part
a Parada

●
● Tripahala -
1/16th part of ●
●

●
●
Shigru-
Chitraka-
each ●
●

●
●
Lavana-
Aasuri-

Kanji ●
as required
Instruments: Adhapatanayantra
 Procedure
All Churna mixed with Place this Pishti in
Urdhvapatit Parada
and ground well with
Upper Ghata of
Kanji to become Pishti Adhapatana yantra

Seal the Adhapatana

yantra properly and
apply fire form upper
side

Then Parada will get

collected at the bottom
of Lower Ghata of
Adhapatana yantra
 Tiryakpatana
 सुत्रं :
तिर्यक् पातनविधिना निपातितः सूतराजश्च।
श्लक्ष्णीकृतमभ्रदलं रसेन्द्रयुक्तं तथाऽऽरनालेन॥
खल्वे दत्वा मदि ृ तं यावत्तन्नष्टपिष्टतामेति।
कुर्यात्तिर्यकपातनपातितसत ू ं क्रमेण दृढवह्निम ्॥
संस्वेद्यः पात्योऽसौ न पतति यावद्दृढश्चाग्नौ।
तदाऽसौ शुध्द्यते सूतः कर्मकारी भवेदध्रुवम ्॥
(र.र.समु.११/४१-४३)

Dravyani

●
Adhapattita Parada – 1part
●
Dhanyabhraka – ¼ parts
●
Kanji – as required
Instruments: Tiryakpatanayantra
Instruments: Tiryakpatanayantra
 Procedure
Place
Apply
Mix this
Mrudu,Pishti
Dhanyabhraka with
Place
Apply
in
Madhyam this
Mrudu,Pishti
Mix Dhanyabhraka
Adhapatit Parada
Tiryaka
and
with
&Kanji
Adhapatit
ground well
Parada
with and
in
Madhyam
Tiryaka
patanayantra
Tivraagni
ground
to become
well &Kanji
Pishti
with
patanayantra
Tivraagni
to become Pishti

C
oll
ec
t
th
e
Pa
ra
da
fr
o
m
Ti
ry
ak
a
pa
ta
na
ya
nt
ra
 Rodhana (or Bodhana) Samskara
परिभाषा :
जलसैन्धवयुक्तस्य रसस्य दिवसत्रयम ्।
स्थितिरास्थापनी कुम्भे याऽसौ रोधनमच् ु यते॥
(र.र.सम.ु ८/६५)
सुत्रं :
सष्ृ ट्यम्बुजैर्निरोधेन ततो मुखकरो भवेत ्।
स्वेदनादिवशात्सूतो वीर्यं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम ्॥
(र.र.सम.ु ११/४५)

 Purpose: मुखकरो भवेत ्

 Instruments: Ghatayantra, Kachakupi

Instruments: Ghatayantra, Kachakupi
 Procedure

Pre Pu Co
par t lle
ea Pat ct
sat ita
ura Pa
Pa
ted rad
ra
sol a da
uti in fro
on m
Ka
of
ch Ka
‘Sa
ak ch
ind
ha
upi ku
va & pi
La kee
on
va p it
in 4th
na’
in cal da
wat m y
er, an an
fill d d
it co wa
in ol sh
a pla
Ka
it
ce
ch for
wit
ku 3 h
pi da wa
ys ter
 Niyamna Samskara
परिभाषा :
रोधनाल्लब्धवीर्यस्य चपलत्वनिवत्ृ तये।
क्रियते पारदे स्वेदः प्रोक्तं नियमनं हि तत ्॥
(र.र.समु.८/६६)
सत्र
ु ं :
नियम्योऽसौ ततः सम्यक् चपलत्वनिवत्ृ तये।
कर्कोटीफणिनेत्राभ्यां वश्चि
ृ काम्बुजमार्क वैः॥
समं कृत्वाऽऽरनालेन स्वेदयेच्च दिनत्रयम ्॥
(र.र.समु.११/४६)

Purpose: चपलत्वनिवत्ृ तये

Instruments: Dolayantra
 Dravyani

Rodhita ●
one part
Parada

●
● Karkoti kanda
1/16th part of ●
●

●
●
Sarpakshi
Vrischika
each ●
●

●
●
Saindhava
Markava

Kanji ●
as required
 Procedure

●
● Prepare a
smooth ●
● Cloth piece
paste of all Bhurjpatra ●
● This whole
Prepar Preparati Place the
the Kalka on of (Kadalipatra Pottali
Pottali in
in a
a appartatus is
ation of Pottali by vessel
vessel filled
Kalka dravyas in using
Vatapatra) filled
with Kanji know as
Khalva Kalka Dolayantra
adding Mercury
Kanji.
 ●
Collect the
Applic
●
Continuou Mercury Wash
Wash the
the
●
Cleaning
On 4 th
th Mercury
Mercury with
s for 3 from of
with
ation hot
hot water
water &&

of Heat day filter

filter it
it through
aa cloth
through
cloth piece
days Dolayantr Mercury
piece

a
 Dipana Samskara

परिभाषा :
धातुपाषाणमूलाद्यैः संयुक्तो घटमध्यगः।
ग्रासार्थं त्रिदिनं स्वेदो दीपनं तन्मतं बुधैः॥
(र.र.सम.ु ८/६७)
सत्र
ु ं :
भख ू ग टं कण मरिचैर्लवणासरि ु शिग्रक
ु ांजिकैस्त्रिदिनम ्।
स्वेदेन दीपितोऽसौ ग्रासार्थीजायतेसूतः॥
(र.ह्र.त.२/१८)
Purpose: ग्रासार्थं
 Dravyani

Niyamita ●
one part
Parada

●
● Sphatika

1/16th part of
●
● Kasisa
●
● Tankana
●
● Maricha

each Saindhavalavana
●
●

●
● Rajika
●
● Shigrutvak

Kanji ●
as required
Instruments: Dolayantra
 Procedure

Place the
Preparation of Preparation of Pottali in
Kalka Pottali Daolayantra
filled with Kanji
 On 4th day
Cleaning of
Application of Collect the
Mercury with
Heat Mercury from
Kanji
Dolayantra
Changes observed in Parada after Ashtasamskara
(Repot of Experimental study on Ashtasamskara – ref. Rasa Sastra by
Damodar Joshi)

Sp. Gr. Of each sample

Sample Sp. Gr.

Crude mercury 13.63
Svedita Parada 13.59
Mardita Parada 1316
Murcchita Parada 13.31
Uthapita Parada 13.31
Patita Parada 13.56
Bodhitav Parada 13.28
Niyamita Parada 13.39
Dipita Parada 13.55
 Percentage of Purity

Sample % of purity
Crude mercury 97.81%
Svedita Parada 97.81%
Mardita Parada 96.70%
Murcchita Parada 95.96%
Uthapita Parada 95.96%
Patita Parada 97.43%
Bodhitav Parada 96.04%
Niyamita Parada 96.44%
Dipita Parada 96.86%
Next step after Ashtasamskara
 Alternative method for Ashtasamskara

Practically now a day many pharmacies and Rasavaidyas are not going
for Ashtasamskara, they are using Hingulotha Parada.

Is Hinguloth Parada is good replacement for

Ashtasamskarit Parada?

YES
1st Reason

●
In Hingula – Parada is chemically bonded with Gandhaka
●
This Gandhaka have some unknown effect on Parada.
●
This unknown effect may be considered as Samskara.
2nd Reason

●
The process mentioned for Extraction of Parada from Hingula
is having some sort of similarity with Samskara procedures.
●
So we can say that Hingulotha Parada is a type of Samskara
for extraction of Parada from the Hingula.
 Research works on Parada Samskara

Rasasastra has big

opportunity.

Many reasons for

negligence of the
topic

Previous works
carried out on this
subject
 This field required attention in following aspects

●
Modification of instruments
●
Modification of Some methods
●
Comparative studies on different methods mentioned
by different Acharyas for Samskara of Parada
●
Comparative study on Hinguloth Parada and
Ashtasamskarit Paradas role in rasa medicine.
 LETS DO
LETS DO SOME
SOME WORK
WORK NOW
NOW

TO CONTRIBUTE
TO CONTRIBUTETHIS
THIS CLASSICS
CLASSICS