MALIK MUHAMMAD NASIR

WIRALI
BSc Chemical Engineering
University of Gujrat,
Pakistan
 HEAT EXCHANGERS

T h e s e a r e d e v i c e s i n w h i c h h ea t
i s tr a n s f er r e d b e t w e e n t w o
f l u i d s a t d i f f e r en t t em p e r at u r e s
w i th o u t m i x i n g o f f l u i d s
 DEFINITION

D.H DEFINITION
AN INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT WHICH
TRANSFERS HEAT FROM A HOT TO A COLD
FLUID BY ANY ONE OR THE COMBINATION OF
THE FOLLOWING
CONDUCTION
CONVECTION
RADIATION
 REMOVAL OF SENSIBLE OR LATENT HEAT??

BOTH TYPES OF HEAT ARE EXCHANGED

LATENT HEAT WHERES PHASE CHANGE IS
TAKING PLACE
 CLASSIFICATION OF HEAT EXCHANGERS

There are hundreds of heat exchangers and these

may be classified on various basis d.H classifies them
on the basis of
Types of fluids
Flow direction
Flow pattern single multiple pass etc
Shape and geometry
 GENERAL CLASSIFICATION

Generally there are 3 broad classification of h.E

Direct transfer type
Storage type
Direct contact type
 DIRECT TRANSFER TYPE H.E

In this type of H.E hot and cold fluids flow

simultaneously through the device and heat is
transferred through a wall separating the fluids
Like direct transfer type concentric tube heat
exchanger
Concentric means geometrically one tube in another
tube
HOT FLUID IS INSIDE
TUBE AND COLD
FLUID PASSES
THROUGH ANNULAR
SPACE

SOMETIMES ALSO
CALLED TUBE IN
TUBE HEAT
EXCHANGERS

HEAT IS
TRANSFERING
THROUGH THE WALL
SEPARATING THEM

THERE IS NO MIXING OF FLUIDS

IN THIS H.E
 STORAGE TYPE H.E

In it heat transfer takes place from hot to cold fluid

through a coupling medium in the form of a porous
solid matrix
The hot and cold fluids flow alternately through the
matrix the hot fluid storing heat in it and cold fluid
extracting heat from it
 Direct contact type H.E

IN THIS TYPE OF H.E THE TWO FLUIDS ARE

NOT SEPARATED

IF HEAT IS TO BE RANSFERED BETWEEN A

GAS AND A LIQUID THE GAS IS EITHER
BUBBLED THROUGH THE LIQUID OR THE
LIQUID IS SPRAYED IN THE FORM OF
DROPLETS

NO METAL WALL SEPARATING THESE

FLUIDS
HEAT TRANSFER
FROM AIR TO WATER
DIRECT TRANSFER TYPE
H.E

THESE CAN BE BROADLY CLASSIFIED ON

THE BASIS OF SHAPE AS
TUBULAR H.E
PLATE TYPE H.E
EXTENDED SURFACE H.E

TUBULAR FURTHER CLASSIFIED AS

DOUBLE PIPE OR CONCENTRIC
SHELL AND TUBE
MOST WIDELY USED
TYPE OF H.E

MAJOR COMPONENTS

1.CYLINDRICAL SHELL

2.BUNDLE OF TUBES
AXIS PARALLEL TO
SHELLL

3.TUBE HEADER
SHEETS

4.FRONT AND REAR

HEAD ENDS

5.NOZZLES FLUIDS
ENTER AND EXIT AT
THESE POINTS

6.BAFFLES METAL
100-500 M2/M3 HEAT TRANSFER
SHEETS TO FLOW AREA PER UNIT VOLUME
SHELL SIDE FLUID IN
ZIG ZAG FASHION
TYPICAL SHELL AND TUBE H.E
 PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER

Series of large rectangular thin metal plates which

are clamped together to form narrow parallel plate
channels
 6 parallel plate channels
heat transfer area per unit volume 100-200 m2/m3 for plate h.e
 EXTENDED SURFACE H.E

FINS ARE ATTACHED ON THE RPIMARY HEAT

TRANSFER SURFACE WITH THE OBJECTS OF
INCREASING HEAT TRANSFER AREA
HEAT TRANSFER AREA IS GREATER THAN
TUBULAR OR PLATE H.E
GREATER THAN 700 M2/M3
TUBE FIN H.E IN CAR RADIATORS
CLASSIFICATION OF DIRECT TYPE BY FLOW ARRANGEMENT

THREE BASIC FLOW ARRANGEMENTS

PARALLEL FLOW

COUNTER FLOW

CROSS FLOW
 BASIC FLOW ARRANGMENTS
PARALLEL AND COUNTER FLOW
 CROSS FLOW ARRANGEMENT

THE TWO FLUIDS MOVE AT RIGHT ANGLES TO

EACH OTHER