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second. This is commonly referred to for digital music or video. An MP3 file, for example, that has an
average bit rate of 128 kbit/s transfers, on average, 128,000 bits every second. It can have higher bitrate and
lower bitrate parts, and the average bitrate for a certain timeframe is obtained by dividing the number of
bits used during the timeframe by the number of seconds in the timeframe. Bitrate is not reliable as a
standalone measure of audio/video quality since more efficient compression methods need less bitrate to
encode material at a similar quality.
Average bit rate can also refer to a form of variable bitrate encoding where the encoder will try to reach a
target average bitrate or file size while allowing the bitrate to vary between different parts of the audio or
video. As it is a form of variable bitrate, this allows more complex portions of the material to use more bits
and less complex areas to use fewer bits. However, bitrate will not vary as much as variable bitrate
encoding. Two-pass encoding is usually needed for accurate ABR encoding, as on the first pass the encoder
has no way of knowing what parts of the audio or video need the most bitrate to be encoded.
• Variable bitrate
• Constant bitrate
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v•d•e
Data compression methods
Entropy · Complexity ·
Theory
Redundancy
Huffman · Adaptive
Huffman · Arithmetic
(Shannon-Fano · Range) ·
Entropy encoding
Golomb · Exp-Golomb ·
Universal (Elias ·
Lossless Fibonacci)
compressio
n methods
RLE · DEFLATE · LZ
Family (LZ77/78 · LZSS ·
Dictionary LZW · LZWL · LZO ·
LZMA · LZX · LZJB ·
LZT)
Convolution · Sampling ·
Theory
Nyquist–Shannon theorem
Image
RLE · Fractal · Wavelet ·
compressio Methods
EZW · SPIHT · DCT · KLT
n methods
Video
Motion compensation · DCT ·
compressio Video codec parts
Quantization
n