,

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Moc kna, 2004

RC)BERT GREENE

A JOOST ELFFERS PRODUCTION

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n pe)KJe. sccao :O:O'fY no6~lClmaapwm, AHl-1Y QUJ1JH?:P, ICOmOpi:lSf no_~W!dJ1<.l .M~re {:I noJ60p€ _'tamepu;:l.'[a OJIH 3HWO I(F(U7.U L1 peoaKmupoadHuu U ee.rrww.llcnHdYl uHmyuqW'l /fOn"lopou cb.!~pa.;ra unpeOeJleHHYIO pon» OJ[H rpopMbI- U c;oOepJlfdHUfl .4,9 jdK'OHOa a.~o:Jcmll._ be3 Nee HU'1C'W 601 lie! rJOJly'tI..LnOCb.

ff aOJl;KEH mclKMe Oblpa_'~umb npUJ,'-l<"lme~l!:>'loc::mb _',weMY oOPOW.My {Jpy~y /'4UXU:).'I;1O WruPJ..tc/, 6{~ih, UNeHHO e.~:y R OP.f!3dH 3HaKOMCmElOJ>f C .xyaOMe.. c mael-lHOU U.HW/10U F abr i Ca. EJ H me:n ul.1, OH. J/\e n o:ma ICQ.J>-!UJL J .. U:::H.11 ma.~ c Hoocmo.,o.r JJ1Wepco."1, l\omOPbHl CmdJl .~WUJ.~ "Goy'-t:ClcmrU_Ht::o.'1· e pa60mr:

Haa 048 3aI(OHa.~w 6JlClCmu". J1.~!e.H~tO rna», e 3a)·-IbtC.lloe.a:mo.11 .M(/pe WKOJJOJ Febrtca, ffoocmy II ;.r.'te omICPbr~lf.!Cb HenpeXOo.f!tqarl mmlY<l+~b110Lmb MaKUd- 6€.'l~lU. u U3 hiW_H":X enoree ma_~f, f.I BeH€quu, poa(J,~acto ~rn<1 FU-Itaa.

X 0 'Iy no(5.~a lOaa PUITLb AN p« ,,",e F y6e/ ld tsa mo, Limo c H..;l6;Kd.'T J>!e:HJf JotHO}l'(ecmelo-""l ucmopULieC/cux a~~~KaOm().tl e ayxe Ma1f.(1a$eJl..l!u. yoeJl51R oco60e aN u .... !<1 H ue .~U10704U\.~"tel~hb[."-t ¢ pe« UU3C1( 1.1.M ne pCOh:a xa; .. r, xorn 0 p bl€ uepeiom tI ~mot1 IWL12e seCbJo.ttl .3a.~tcnmylO pc!.J!~_

He )-W2Y Hf: yno,NRffymb !\(;:Cd U CY.'WKO BU~l~lep, rmmOpbte npeoocmaelHr JlU e ,,[Ge pacnOpYiJKel-We ceoro 6w6.nuomC:KY no fl'nol-(clfQu ucmopuu U nO.I..-j02.~U a )-l('!uucaHUU p.;1~a~~o~ /[HLJ2U, nOCO..ilu_.:C/lllbIX .l'I:nWtclCou Lj~(1HQU. 4epe.NCOPlul~ • .,:l mal\)f(e .'Wr!:W ao6pom apyza .JJ1LJ3atiem RH.. Komopd.n 6blJlB! .NOWo1 riOHC .I::PtbmaH.mOJo1 no L.!cm 0 puu I( umasl.

lL_N mall:ou KHt.i2U, IWH€'iHO, O'1ew:> (:ldXNbl ucmopu'"lccp[Ut; .MamepLia~ltoL n03mo.~1Y fI oco6eHHO 0.'Lawo..:t{Jell n.:JY'll-!ou. OUOJlUOmCK1; K C:1.JHlfPOpriUik.ICOZO YH.UGepc(imema i\oc·AIIO)IH::"I(::'Cd. ~oe fl npoae.l ~leJ'1a:/10 npUrlmliNX JHe~1. ~H:aKO~ JlC b C ee 602cl.meU w u_~! coo pe F-iUe,N,

Mow.t pOOWTI€.Hl.""l I\opemme 11 Cm3HAu Fpun ..... 6r.:t:;"KoHeLIHo npu.~1-IameJlek 3a I.lX meprH~flue 11 noaae.pJI(!(Y_

H IW/-H::- ... HO, ke .MOlY kE:' ynoMflHymb ceoeeo Kama bOP1JCiJ., pcomopblU COCmafM.>1Jl -MI~P. lCo.',m<'jj-H-UO Jfa npOl71il.;oKeHw..1 OeCICQlieo.rHOU eepeF1'UI.-Ihl a/-~eu pa60lnbJ. HaG P YKonl..1CbIO_

HaKOHCq. £lC.e.~~ meJ.1 8 .\.{oe~i )l(U_JHll, !CmD UCKYCHO uCnOJlbJOEX1Jl uzpy 9JlBCmU, '-Imotib! 2oila.,\·w N.:Il-lc.mY.'ILlpOtlamb .l1/-jOIO u npwwHflmQ OO.'lb. - f1 ue maIO I~a eac 06uo 11 6_'JalOaapeH 3?! mo, '"Imo OOOXF-i08W1U .o,.jewr Ha co.JOaHue ·48 3alw.I-:I:oo B..-lacr7W',

n~ellO.!l C ~Hf";mHqo;[lI"[.l F:. if. Mu~)wJ!iU~ H~ly<jI[!J~i ICOHCYJl.bHIHT D- E. A~t()pytw<t<~~~'1

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M_: Pl1nOJ1 KHACCl1K, 2004. - 576 c,

ISBN 5-7905~2650-O (POCCHR:)

ISBN 1)-070.88146-5 (CUlA.)

3-"ro C~Btla ~ II ttl 0 pannaan, riUAIDi ~jo;i\ nna)!f,HaJl, CIlMa.A U;MUIi'IJI~HL. n cmtla.ll npallj::UUla:ll ICHlira 0 DllaCTH. HalH1H~~ c HC"lar'H'J~J.oRaT{.J~, fi ~tTO!lO!-l !-l RQH'Iall n ponH;lellTCIwlt OTlll,U[C, noauan 6rrccnullc c:¢o p". y_'UlrO~aHl.a,]e J[ ',no}l,&:r-crmeEHI Mo) If uTCpccJl(~iimHMn n neDn.:1UJ,aHIl bl· MH J!(;TOpt1'{~~I\H.\U"l $a...-:!a}. ... 1 ):I:(¢c-n, ue ..,. :KeCl"(ll( t-Ie ~:Ho:nH"!,I n onenemrs BO artacru, Biol OC'"j 'rpynu pS~J[03tniC'[<: ru, L[TO crorrr ~la n:~m HJLH HHl>l~m CJlOl"la~HI If [J{)CTym:a~,m «scarrem.xnx» rta 'l"aJTL urn:: D D J{ C1UJE.iI!,lX ~H .. pa ~t;nJ, TU, -rru TIi~ Trll~Tt;.·! ~ H.O 0 f{ II II hi T<lHl·[ (,:"~ (':f']'lI>I·th,

1<48 31ll\OEWlJ lJJl~CTl!» ._. HllCTOn !.>EM:!! xuura .D,.Il~ TC~, ",-:,.0 il\CJltl-tl· OI:BOHTI. xayxy ynpanncaxs JIlO,:IloMn, GnOlll1100'llW ~lCflWlb~OllaTb ux crrafiocru ,!UlJ! ilOCTII);{emrJi coocrnen uoro srorvtuecraa.

lSBN 5~7905·265o.0 (I'OITlI~) [SON O.{i'O-~~146-5 {CWA}

Copyngh; © R~hcrl Gf~~n~, 1998.

A II righ ts r~~~ rvrd

© Ib,!J,urwILcKHll ,110M «punOJI K][I\.Cnl~", 11~pcIWJI, 2ct)4

Pooeprn Fpun

AI·me EU.~."'1ep u .\tou ..... pooumenso«

P. r.

COAEPJKAHHE

npE)lMC.flOBHE n ~PEBon~1 ~IKA , , _ , , . , , .. _ ... , .. , - , . , .. , . , - , . , . ,. 20

nPE.II.HOlOBHE , . , _ . _ , , . , _ , , . , . _ , , . , , . , . , . . . . . .. 21

1AKOH 1

HHKOLM HE )ATfo.t'EBAVl rocnOll.J.1HA

Bc:e~aa oooueaLimeCb, 4mo6b.! me, K"mO ~.~aaeHcmeyem, ICQ.M.rpopmH.o 4yocma-06aJlu Ce6R I~a~epx'y. B cmpeJot.1e1wu YWQUmb 1.1.'.1 L1.1lW npou3eecmu a:ne'lamllelH.1tl He :.axoOumc c.~ULJ .. ilCO_H UiM8KO, oe.\iOHc.rnpJJp'y.H C60U maJ1aHmbl, - la;(a~e eN pucKyeme aOBUnlbC;;J o6p.:mmow: sce.1Uml> eI nu« crnp.:rx L1 HeyaepeltH.OCmb, 3acmaebme 6aWUX H~"',;J:lbHl1J(oe /(.:I,~<'ImbCYl 6o,le{~ OJiUCnl[;!me.'IbHMJ."!U. lIe.~ OHIJ ecrne. - U aer aocmumem~~ ~pWUH 6.,i:lf:ffiU. _ •• , , , .. , _ , ••••• , _ , , , •••... - •• , , •• - . .. 31

3AKOH 2

HE Ll..OBEP:OHl ll.PYJbffi'.\ 5E3rrAHV1YHO, HAYYI'1Cb HcnOAb:30BATb BPArOB o,yobme m~(:mopo)!(e c Jpy3bYl .... W .- OHU CKOPe.C npeoabym, mal( KaK Jj.e?~O noa· G..:!lOmc-'f :lBfH.1on I..J, K mo}o!y Me O~1I1 Pbrcmpo cmafWflllmCJ'i 6a:.~OSH~.MU tl. mup"maJ>fl,1- Ho npl13Of1ume Ha c.'"I!:j)r(6y 6bii3W~W flp<.l:ZCI, tl OH. 6yoem /1051.%H:ee ap!pa, rlQmo.l'ty ... rno e.'1Y cocmb 'imo OOIC<l.Jb(6a'mQ- B CoOl.'ofOJo1 JeJ1e, 0PYJClj Bd).f c~leayem l'.iO.llbU.!I:;:

Onc"lCd.'11bGt, Ke)t(c.~w 1~pitZ06, CC.1U!:J sac I~em epac(J.!3, HC'U10Ume cnoco5 U.MU

003d8f:'Cmucb .. _ , , ..•• _ , , , • _ .. , , , , • , , , __ , , , , , , , , - - - , , •• , - - , -, 39

3AKOH 3

CK PblBAVl CBOH HAMEPEHMll

Aep2K.l.1mt;: J1l00eu B l1omt.~m:.:'iX, tl cocmOJti-O..JU HcycmOtllHleO~o pEl~l-loeecw:!' ~[UKo2Ja I-Ce Pi"lC1(p~£"~fI' nOaOf[JleKY C6D~~_:O;; ael-tCm6UU, n pe6bt81:Hl tJ l~caeaeHUU omJloCu.me.~b~O rnoeo, limo 6bl xoml.1me npeOnpW1:Jlmb. oP-tu II(~ c.~tO~ym 06eCrle~Umb ce&! 3au..(Umy- 3aseaume ux noo<:JJlbWe no ~"IO_;o,o;:HO.~ly c.~cal:l. Hanycnwme m_Y.'la,Lji''l, U K mo.MY 6pe.M.r:!~Li, I\;:;!1( ~:mL1 OCOJ.Harom $CILUU HClNepeHUJl. 6yoem Y)K.E: c.'luW1{O ...... nQ.3i)HO.. 49

7

3I\KOlI4-

~('f_rll.A I"OBOPH MEHbllJE.

4E..M. KMK ETCIl H EO 6X OlI..I-1Mbl,"1.

f( e~la,Fl npoueeectnu f:lne<Iam.lell!ie r:aou_·'1r~ pe'-l.a.M~~, nO.!1lwme: '.e."1. OO,'lbu.!C 6l>1 lazooopwne, me,~r 60.~e<2' !w!rtl)l('emeCb OP~W-li.!Pllbl..l>1 U He LrMe;.::n.t~u.101 pea.n.bH.Ou. CU.JlOl. ldJKe npmi_"3110Cf! 6~JlW~'lbIIOCm[/, 61;11 6~'Qemt' 6bl7.~"1~(1€'mb OpU~u.Ha~lbllbl."1., ~c_rn.l G<lWU }€'W oyaym F-{C'i[CH~.'1U, neseeepuse: fllblMU U -Ja~aOOL!m,U.fLl, KdIC C¢WIXC. B~·u.H:[meJl1>. Ibo!C JI10dU np-OU3600rlm "me'-1am.neHUf' !J 8H.yW<'.Jlom C'mpax mes«, 'Imo HeOoZOClapU9a,m, lie.'"! DOJlnU.1(:' tiE">l l.oQopume. mt:..M tltJlwe aepoJitmrWcm~ mo~o. '.mo 6r;,~ CKa)l(eme

.~ynocmb- - - - - - , , - - - .. , , , , , , , .. , . , , , , - - - . , , , . , . , . __ , " 69

3AKOH 5

OYEHb ,'.'JHOroE 3ARHCr1T OT PEnYTAW1f1

EEP E rH EE IlE HO r1 lKJ..13HJ..1

'~nymd4rJfl - 1fpae.!::llO~-H:)Hbr~~ 1~-a,\feHb 8.'laCmL1_ C 110MOUolbJO pel1ymaqut.i 8b~ "~W)Kerne Hywa.mb cmpex u nGOCJI(aamb, Cmoum, oOHClIW, eli nou.ri"!mHymboC.H, KaK 81.>( mai-WsUmL"'Cb y.R:;I6!L'lb«~r u no8aep2aemO:;:Cb HanaOK2l.'o1 Co ecex crnopon. cae.naume aoro penqmeuu«: UenOlfOJTeGu.··wU_ Bce~aa 6aWne_~bH.O o)f("u8aume erO:;l.\W}!(P-I~fX maK u ompascaume UX, nre)l(oe '-re.'1 6yar:mc amalWeaHbJ. Y'jumecb etott30aunl!:~ UJ mpo~ eperoe, Hi"IXoOil 6peLUu (:I w; penymalJ,uu, 3a.me.l-t OrnOiW(lme a cmapOliY U pcoocmatlwne o61~~<X'm6eH/-WJr[y MHL:'r(uJO pecnpuenwnecs: C /-Hl.MU. _ ••• , , , , _ _ 76

::lAKOH 6

3:\BOEBbIB.A.V1 BHHt·tl\rJI-lE J\10601'l UEI-JOR

'60 BeeN cyaHm no ElI~e~Wle_.l1'U o6.;U.1K"Y_ To, Lle20 b'GUikmb He_'lb3$!, P-IC u.'.fe.f!m ~fUfocmu, n03mo;'fU HUI(02aa ue (lOJ80Jl.f1(lme ce6e :JamepflmbcR B mO.llne U~lU "t.Hymb 8 J\emy, BhlOe.JlJ!u.mt;;'Cb, 5pocaLimeco a .?JJa3d, 'lew Obi 3nlO H.U cmOU.IlO, PWl'1.RlU~aUme K cc6e «e« MCI,-IIUm, l('a)l(umeCb 1f.pYl1J-f.ee, KpaCO'"ll-lee, 3iI~aaO'-j:I-!e'e, ~)1 ."1HOJKeCmSo CKPO.NP-Ib!X" u !3e)l(.IlU6b1X ~-rlOaeu aOKpyl_ . , , , , ... _ . , , , , , , " 85

3AKOH 7

JACr,\Bb t.PYrI-lX PAEO'rATb t'iA CE5<;J

H nOAb3YVlGl PE3YAbTATAMH

CI10"~b3yume !JM, 3H,:mrm U OeWmHf(.I 0NFUX moaeu GJI51 npooeuscenus: co6cmf'lel~,1)': Ge~"L TaK'd51 flO"'Wtqb ue mO.~bKO c_:tKQ.'Wl>Wm f'lawu ~eW-lble CHllb! U epess«, uo 1.1 ~udacm 60..'1. 60Jj(ecnlf:H:!HHbIJ~ opeo.~ rrpe.b'cne8<lIOw,C?O Ltf']!OG€Kil, Bsuui nOMm.qlH.O(1.1 Jaym Jil6blmbJ, ear: xe Jarl0.Jo111,Wn, HU1f:m:Ja He ar;.n<=lume CBNU mow, 'fmO .402ym 'e.rlam tt a.fm (lac G P!:1 me, , . , . . . - . . , , , _ _ , , , _ _ _ _ , , . . _ _ _ _ . , , , , . . . _ . _ . _ 100

3AKOH 8

Bbl HY*ili\ 1-1 II lOll. ER n 06.0 I'IH1 K C EE E, EC/l1-1 HYWi.HO, HCnOAb3YYl nPHMAHKY

KOl8a 8b( 8brl-l_IJMdaeme apyww '{eJloflexa oeucnmOtlamb, cu.fIGl U.;J. 8':HW,:U cmopo~e. 8~~oaP-lee 6CP.20 u06WnbC5l, '1'171000,' np0fnUEiHUK' nooowe.~ Ie aa.~!, HapyWilif. paou ,mOlO co6cmBeHHbt€ n.'l<lJrbJ. COD.JlCl:,jHumc ezo CKd30'lHbl.NtU i3b1zooa.Mu - u amaICYu-

me- Y MC €l pyKElX dce IWrmbl- . , , , , , , , ... , , , .. , . - ... , .. - - -, 107

3AKOH 9

tl 05~BA PK ~ n06Efi bl !J. EI1. c:mt1J1M~,

A HE ll.OBOfiAMVl

AlDtloll .r."U_H-t:ymH!:>IU ycne.x., «omopozo, 1\:<:11( E.>Q:.M 1\<;l)K~mr;:.<!, elbl a06uftl..((:"!;> €l cnope, DOopa'-tueaemcR m~p[.lO(Wu. no6eoou. Kyoa JtjJljJel(mUCHCe MO.lK"IO .Jacma6Umb ap~;:;uX.CD2'.JldCUmbCA" C E}a)'W, f.'c/rLJ oeucmaoe.a:mb. He npo~~:JH.OC.>l ~Ill C.I10tlo;l, nOKi:l:3bUxW-

me, a He OOb.>lCJ-(n~lme. __ . , . __ .. , . , __ . , , _ .. , , . , , , .. , , . , , . , , .. " 112

3AKOH 10

HH$EKUHTI; r135ErAV! tlEBECEi\b1X r1 HEBE3YYV1X

LftJ.LJ.mo Ll!jXUe. H~flJ20Gb.! .'102f)m OKa3ambCfl a~l,q (XlC zYOl.lme'J1hl!blMU - 3J..tO[.(UOH~JlbHbJe cocmORHWl mdK J/\e 3dpaJHt-l, !fal( 6o..1e.:mu. BaM ..'10lKem Ka:JambOl, '"Imo eer cnacaeme ymonaK)[t(ew, Nil: ces«: .. M ae,~e tlbr jJUWb npu6JluJI('aeme C06cmflC!f~we H"ff:'l.lacmblJ. Hec-uscmuue W,07.0a NB!':I ...... reKarom 6eOb1 Hu ceoj'1, OHU H.:l6,lclCym Ux U H.<:1 Me. Bssecmo am020 a~r;:Y("rJmect"> nooo'W)f(e Ie 8e3Y'fU.M U c'-racm.~W3'iW(aJ>"l, __ . _. 120

:i;\KOH II

CT AP MiG!, YTO 0 bl ,,\[()f,J-1 JABHC EM1 OT TEE~

tftrw.fit>J ocma.e.a:mbCj; n:C'.:J.1.IflUCUJ>~b.!.M, ~b.I OaJUKHP::!/ 6cezoa Obtnlb He'o6xoou.'"1bL.... Li kYJlt;HbI_l.-I, Ye.~ Oo.llbWe «e 8<1C nO~/a2.:'HomCf[, meJot oom,we!1 cl'm6Qaoti tlbl pacno"la~aeme _ .do6eumcr b , '"ln100 b[ C '"Iacm be u n pO~~flemal-·Hle .llIQaeu .::IasuceJl U om IX1C! - U ~ He'1eZO Ona(,amocp, Huxozo» He oOy'16'!lme llX !}c{~""ly, LlmOO1>J OHU J#~ ."W~.llU o6XOOUmbC.fl: Ce:OUJ>1'U c;'1~~"1dMU •••• , , , , , , • , •• , , • , , , .. , , .•• _ ••••••••.• " J28

9

3AKOH 12

fl PO~BMl ~TE ~HO I"" AA Y ECTt-1 OCTb 1-1 UlEA POCTb,

YT05b1 05E30F'Y)tt;J"lTb CBOJO mEPTBY

Jaw-I tKI~p~HHWj lIeCrllHblU nOCm1}nOK noot>Cm 0lO.JI({my He"'teCmJ-lbJx. YucmocepaeLfI-H:>Ie. ~pO.l'l8JleHUJ1 '1'er.mHOCm[J IJ 6eJH.1KOOYUlU.<1 _YCb1ll;;rm 6OUr11e'JIbHOCmb da}Kf! C".'04:bi.X ~ooo~pllme.1bjjI;lIX. Kmaa eeura U3BHPaI7H~.1t">I~afl '-teCmHOCmb npo6bem 6peWb, XOJKeme l6.M<=INloitlarm:. tlX U ..'>faHl.my.~upoe.amb lI_'Y!U «e« xomume. B06Pe.M~ nOaHeceHlibiU 'Jar - T pOnlK:KUO KOHb - rroc.~y;'1wm rrrou )t(e ~e.w. , , , , , •. - , , , , , , • , - - - - 137

3AKOH 13

flPOOlO nOMOWf1. B3blBAYI K CBOEKOPbICH:l1O 1\1Oll.Er1 H HHKorAA -

K VlX MHI\OCH1 HAW BEAI-1KOilYWH[Q

::CJlU aaM npUWJWCb o6pamumtrC5l « COJo:JJ-1Wf.Y 3d no.."1.0Ufb1O, He mpyaumecb idno.~It.lkaml;. e.4Y 0 e('i[UCJ>f 6b!/lO.~1 Y'iiKm~w E'l a06pbIX aeJIa>~, OH Haudem cnoco6 sac npoutnopupoeem». BJ'!ecmo :lmow a C"60eu npOCboe UJlU ~ ceoe."1' aOZOf3ope c itl."!. dawne e.'.1.!:) ye(1aernb Htl1lmO maxce. ...:mo 6yoem 8b[200HO e~u, U n08<1eplWl;lilune srno oe3 MoePbL OH C t.lOOaYU1efM~lille.M flo{J{Jep)t(um npei.l.llO)fl;"eHue. cy;f71!l..!ee

~QJ2oay e..M.~ ca)oJoJ>t_y, , •• , , , .. , , , , _ , , , , • , , , - • , , • - , . - - - - - , • -, 145

3AKOH 14 VlfPAFl POAb APY r A,

ilH1CTBYYl, KAK Wn[.10H

3Hoi'lmb cooew COnepH[tK<"I O'1eJlb 6alK~~O- f.1c;nQ./l1;>:3yume. wfu.l.Ol·wa (Mfi. crupa 4e.rmori 1N¢Op.~.:u~uu, U OHa llo:JelO.llum ClB.'.1 6bUTlb i"Iq. tueu flr1e.peOU. Eu~e Ay'iWC - napa- 50maume uawOHOoM CaJ..fI..1, Y'tumeCb sououpoeem» nO'"l6Y, rWaaep}lf.u.aail. ae,;oKJlu81/1O ;8emclCYfO BecefJy. 3aadaaUme Henp~J.jble aonpoc!Jl, omt3embl Ha. i'f.omvpbl€ npuomlt,.-:Jb.l6alOm cAaoocmu u Hd.~i€peJ-1Wl .~JOdeu, B A1060il cumyar..,:L11.1 .MOAfHO Hdumu

3"03J'-!o;lt;!-wcmu Ollfl UCKyCH.O~O paccJleV06dI-iUR. , , , , , , . , _ . . , , . , . _ .. ]53

3AKOH 15

PA35Ef[ BPAfA flOI\HOCTDK)

'3ceM ae~1tuw.'of 60}l(QRJot co epenen Mouce51. Obf.~O U3aCCml-fO, limo ucnY.?dHHbHl t3pa~ lo11JJreH 6b1mb pa.Joum Haw.~Otly. (nopoLi smo J~taHue rrpuxoJu.;'[o K kU..4 '-lepe,'l nS'VKKue UCllt>lmaHU.R,) ECJlu acmammlb .\'Omb OOfty UCKPY. /(i;t/( 6b1 mycK."'!o OHI'l HU "lep~a.lla. B KOlfU!C KOH406 paJwpumCil OWI~o, OCm.:lHOElUE3WUCb H.<l nQJlnymu, .MO)j(HO lOmep.f!mb (j.,xlbI..Ue •... e."I np» yc/WtlUtl fIO.U·Wi'Ll YHUlImO),t[eI-H1J1; 6p.n onpaawnc s u 5yaem IlCr(dmb om.\!l4eljtlf1, P~~eume ezo He mO.JlbKQ nte.tecxo. HO U a!dX08J-W, . _ 160

.0

3AKOH 17

Ll. EPfK r1 A py rHX B noz BEWE HHOM C OCT OSlHI-1 H:

noA.Ll. EP /tH'IBA r":1 AT MOC<PEPY HEn PE.iKKA3YEMOCT Yl

A~au - nopO)l1;aC~U.l;Fl npUfll;.!'-UCu, DtiJlaiJaFOi4ue HeymO.Jlu.l.-fou 110mpe61-10Cmf;,IO uc,.amb U Hdxoowmt> ...\"opowo ::tHdK'OMOe t:I nocmYnKax op!:pux_ n peOCtla3ye.MOCmb oa~m W1 01.4Yl4eHue KOHmpo...1$! Haa ed;.ru. C.Mcwaume Kapmbl: crrt.aHbme y.l.JllH.U.'leH· HO Hen peOCKd.3yeMbI.. .... , Iloeeaenue HenOc.~eaorume~loHoe u..1U ~::lHeWke 6ec~e.%Ho€ 6yoem Bblt900umb UX U3 pat'!HOt}.C('Ufi U sacrnaeum mCpA'mb mcpneHue f'j nOm>olmKax 06"b~cl-LJ'W~b 8awu nocm_YnlW, , , , , , , ••• , •• , , , , , , • , • , • , ••••• - ••••• , • ,. 179

3AKOH I6

fiC nOA b3 YJ.'I CB Of. OTCYTCTBHE,

'-lTQ6bl nPEY!>'1HOlKI-1Tb YBA)KEHHE H YECTb

CJJUWKO." <:l1>:mUfH-l0e apau.lcHuc E;l o6~qecm8e c61.l('la~m f.'IaM ~eHY. 4e.\j oO.~bwe eac ~UaHO 1I C,~bW . .uW. me_~l 6o.1e.e U6b1J€Wlbt,'! BbJ Ka:}t'("emeCb, Ec.nu flbl Y)f(e a06uJluch anpeae/[e~mczo rJo.'IO)l{f;I-Hdl, epe.MeHHot! tlC'"le3~t08eI-Hle 3Bcm~eum OO.llNUe ~oaopumb o ."laC. Oa;.r;e OOC); wWlmbcR !XIMU_ C~eayem HaY"i'!.1mbCTI' onp€aeJlmTlb, Kozaa tlumu_

T60pume Uf'l-mor.mh, COJOafldH Oeq:,u41..lm, - , , , , , . , , ... ... , , . _ . , .. __ 170

3AKOH 18

HE: CTPOR KPEnOCTEf1. YTOEibl 3AWI-1TI1Tb CEE5t

H30i\lIUHll on AtKA

Mup OI1.:1:r.£::II, a Gpaw r1otlCIOO,y - K.:l}j("ObtU 03brl~y)lt;ael. JaltjUU,iamQCSl:_ Kpenocmb foi:<!JKlemC51 Ca..MQrM I Iao-eJl(HhVr yoe.lKUWeN- No 1.l:>O.,ll,fIj . .(UJ'I ~.C mOJ1b-K'O 1I He CmOJlbKO ",i'!UiU~m uec, CI(O.'1()IW nooeeplaem el.4£ 60.%ujU.~ OmCHOCmfl'J>t; OI--Ia JltlWaem H.'lC 6aJICkOU lmcpopJ'1<Hl,[lU-, De.nacm .'Xl.'''h~mftOU ~J YR:).!3U,MOll .MUWeHbfO_ lly4we 601mb C peQlJ Jl /C>i:.Jeu U h:Ol.XOOumb Coro~Hlum6_ n P[1K polimec I;J Om {3 paloa mo .. o1I10U. C~lotll"lO

ltIUm OM, , , , • , • , • , _ . • _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ , . _ , _ _ _ , _ , , , ' • _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ • , , _ , , • • • , " 188

3AKOH 19

3HAVI., C KEM H,'" EE.LU p l,I, EAO; HE HAHOCI-1 05HB. Y

KOMY HE CA~YET

B J1upe ~Cmb pa3H.bl.e mW1bl ~lIOOeU. ~J foltC.Ilb:;3:;J O;l[Uaamb, tlmo ace OHU 6yoym oOUH.:t1(oao pea.~J.1POMI71b- HoOl oOHU u me JKe npUe.MbL Bbt .3anYlaeme U.'lU ncpexl.Jmpume «oeo-mo - .:I Ok ao Pf.O~I~ia ol-/eu 6yJem daN .MC'mUmb_ TalCue .'llOdu - E'lOJIKtl a oee'fbell JW(,y~. nOJmo.'1.!:J mu.~amem,~jQ 6bt6upaumf! J1fepmBy U~lH npomueHUPfa [.1

I-H.llCmoa r~c ,Jaoefclaumc U He ofiuJjc<Jume me .• , JWzo He c.~eohlem. , , . , , . , . .. 197

11

3AKOH 20

HI1 C KE!Y\ HE 05bEAVlHH~OI

-o.'ltoKD L.Ilyne~ moponwmc~ I1pUMKH.tJmb I'[ OtJH.OU U;I cmopoH, He EI~pHume ce6Jl urcoxy, KpD."f.e ceti~ caJ>!OW, JoH~ C~Sl:3b1aaUme ceO.R o6.fi3ame/lbCmeaJ.iU, COJ(Pdl-l.~ .e3atlUCU~ocmb, ebt no.rl.!JJ-/.Um€ OO:;l-.."IOJi(I-iOC"mb fI.nacmaoea:mb - crnaJlKUf!"HI JlroOeu ~e}Kog co6Du. Jacm.a6J1jifl ux c.~eaDBi:1mb .:3.:f aa ..... u .. , , - - , . , , - •.. , , - - , , .. - - 207

3AKOH 21

npHK~HbQI rlPOCT AKO/>t I..fTOf,b1 HAtl.YTb npOCTAKA:

KA]KHCb r t\ VnEE CBOEH M~WEH V1

-1tJ.KO.M.y l~e Hpil6umcfI '1yacmeaaa:mb ce6Sl. ZJlyrlee fJpyroro- nO'3/TlOJ.ty xumpocmb tl nOM. I.jmOObo! oamb aalUeu ;K.eprrl8C flO'-!.4E:!cmeoean1b ce6.R y,xl-iblJ.t - u He npocmo :I~H.bi!JoI, M;O f"iOJTee yMHbiJolr 4.eJo.f 13b1. OOJi.fl.i'i'LObl ncsepue a srno, OP' .. a HUI'CotOa He ~n0003PlJm, ~mo Y eaC No:tym ObJmb CKpblmb4e ~omW~lbI, • , • , •••• , - , , •••. - 222

3AKOH 22

V1C r10/\b3Y r1 T AK."T H.KY KA nHTY J\~W1H:

OElP i\ n1 CAA fiOCTH B c W\ y

KOliJa 61:>1 c.Ilatii!e'. J-lU e KOO..-r C.!ly"l.ae ~~e cpa.i'l'\2UmeCb paaU. '-[e(mtl. B.Mec:mo srnozo ICanumyJH.lpyl.1me. f{afllJ.mym'14U}i aacm 6d.M 8peMf! ~a mo, '-Imo6bJ. onpaeumbCSi om pen, Elpe.M.Il. Ljmoob! U:J.Iofll'-ljJmt> U pa:3lJpaJt<.Wl1b no6eilumeJ[fI, tlpe.MR, Lil1100t>L OO~bC H. (J.QKd ezo .xOUj:t> ucc flKH.em. HE OOCmatlJlJH.'lme eJoi Y yOO6O.1! bCmeWl C pe,JumbCR C fldJ.tU U nooedumb - l<anumYllUP'yume pal1t>tr.J.e 3mOW. CJe..rzaume xanumyJlR4t11O UHcmpY.MeHmo~ 8.Ilacm[J, • ' • , , , , . , , , , , ' , •• - - •••• - , ' • - - •••• 230

]AKOH 23

KOHUEHTPHPYI1 CBO~ C(.1!o,bI

CoxpaHJi.ume c"U,llb! U 3~Cplr.llO, xonume u xpaHume UX 6 KOk4eHmpUpo8i1j-11-H)M i3U(1e, Bb! tlOObemeCb 5om .. wcUl, oml<pbols 502am_Y1O )l(wq,/ U YZ.!lyOJiRJ'I ee, '-!e.M nopxa>l om OONoU Hewy6oKou U,laxmbol I'[ ap!!~oil, - t1HmeHCU6H.:IH paJpaoomp(;I !}C~Ktdi pet:J noouBoi"'tetn 3ICcmeHcUdH,!jIO- t1JMCI(tJ.ddfl ucmQ~UKU .MO~U, K0I110paJi eO:;lablcum sac, Maudume' oi;IUH l/i':U'Hbfj.~ lCirfOlf, mY'-I.H.!JKl 'COpOd,Y. U aHa I!l me4eHUe' 00.112020 Bpe.JolreH:U 5yi)em CHao)!(amb sac Mo.~O"OM- • , , •• , __ • , , __ , , ••• , , __ • , , ••••• ' , •• - _. 240

12

'r

3AKOH 24

nOCTYrv..1'I KAK r1e=r1HHbI~ npl-tA.BOPHblfl

HcmuMHbH.~ npUaaopl~blu npQ.l...l6Em.h::m tI "'ll...'pe. (Oe oce apa~ae:mcil eOKpy~ 6.1!aCmU U nDJlumu4€cJWW CliOPoaKU- OH 8 COeJepW€HCmee B"~aoeem Mi!lCmEpcmaOJ.1 jlfor.~eJ.-l& j¥)lG H[;tMi:'K"d, Ol-j Jl scrnu rn, !Ie m ynaem 1.1 !:1m OC P >KOLlem COOJO 6.,.o'ldcm b '"'Ida a p y~u.'11.1 tl caJoiOU U:.uflJ..(HOU U W<:'~1DH"!UOOU .1>"11!Hepe. Y13y.raume. 1.1 I1pu.~eNJ'llJme .1.a.K"Okbi oeop« - Ll tla.IiJl!.M!I pocm1J He' 6yoem np€oella, , , ... _ , . , _, ,_.,., - , , . , - - . - , .. , . " 248

3AKOH 25

COTBOP~ CE6~ 3AHOBO

He npUHU)1.dUme P0./lU, ;rcomopyJO H<'l6.sl3bJ.8aem 6ilJoj 06U{ecm~. Co3Jaum.e ceo" :WHOSO. om .. .eK~Hbme HOBYIoO UHaUaWJ'ylI.~bHocmb, KomOpaR npw;l.Jtepca.~a BbI euUJo'!':'· NUt U Hwr02Qa. He W1.CKy'-l.U~la nyo~1ulI;"e- Ay ... wc 6-blmb mBOp~o~ COOcm6CftliOlO o$JW"~. 1,.j.f.1.oI rlO380.. 'lflm b {J P Y CU.M on peo-emmt b ezo an fi sac. 4o&!m.m e m eampa~lbH.OC·P1ljJ. C600J>f o!5LL(eCm6eW-tbi..-f Oe~"la.M. u. 6bicmynllE:"rH,m.M - ~wa -£jJi.:lcmto flOOpo';ICmCm, a saw 05pa3 nop{a)ICemL~ ~aclL1ma6F-t:ee. 4C>11 ctlJ.fa )KU,]Ht.. , , , , , , - - . - . , , , • ,- 265

3AKOH 26

A EP)K ~ PYK r1 YVlCTblMI-1

B~i do.;lJICHbJ. eWl.o1f1aemb o6pd.'3qo_"t nOp."IOOLlHOCmu It pd60mocnocolJHocmu: eaWL! pyitu .-cUICOloa He OblJW OCI(BoP.fJt.t:E'r-Ib! ouw6Pfd.rojU U lp.Q\'3Hbl.r-tU 0e.~a. s- U!_ C(J,'fpaI-l.Jl.Ume 3mom He3dn}lml-l(j'HIoHJ!L1 06JlUK, UCrlD.'tL3YA Jpy2UX 6 ,I(<'I4€Cmge ceoeeo opgiJU7f. U cit'j:lbl8i!1.R CoOCm~HHoe !lLjacmue- _ ... , , , , , __ , . , , . , , __ . , _ , , . - . ' , . , , , - _. 277

3,'\KOH 27

HrpA~ HA KY1KlI.A.X I\I01l.Hl, C:03AABMI APMHto

tDAHA nlYH~X nPHBEP}'K EHllEB

Atoau UCnbilmbWalOm cu;t!;>He!1.Wee }l'("e.~aHUe eo '-Imo-tLUtiyab ~pumb, Crnaxerne ~mo.\-l rnacozo )l(eJla~!.tfl, dae U.l>t OC/oio~HUe, lioa!110 seP!:J, KOnlOPau OHU e.M<llym c.~eaoe.amb, nycmtJ a,awu pe'JU 6yoym HeSiCHhl.MU, HD 06eU.~';1I0I.4UX!..!, :»fm.Y,Jua.J.M cmaabme 8bfwe pa.:JY.Ma U f[Cj-{Ocmu .\jb/w.1eHll.fl, Aaume eNotlb npu06pemeHlotbl ...... noc.~€aoaame.J1R.N. pum.y.:l,1bJ, f'[omopPJle QHU c .. 'w~'ym ucnO.JlI~:Rmb, npt1.JboI~me UX K xepmOOflpW-WWeJfWVf om 8aLUe~O uMeHU, B rnncymcmeue OpMHU.:3D- 9GJ.IHOU pe.'HUUU U fje'.·ll .. "":UJ: npunepoe dJul nOapa)l(<.lI-H.Hl a,awa HOBC:I.H cucm~.'4iI

ee"IlO6aHI .. u.j flpw-fecem ElaN HempaHU'-I'e'HHYIO iMBf;mb_ , • , _ , _ •• , , , _ , , . - - -, 297

13

1AKOH 20

HI'! C K EM HE 06 bEb.HH'III1C71

.QJlbPCO 2ll!lrlCJ..I mopmwmcR npu.M,ofymb It: oOHoli U.3 cmopol-!. He E:!Qep)!urne ce6R UICONY. K.pG.Me c~!51'i CilMOW, He: ceR:;H,,~6I1IJme celia OO~3l'Ime.rrbCmlla.'tu. CQXPllHjI~ :e;3a6!JCU.MOCmb. fib! noJ~yLjume flO3JofO)f!;ucxmb Mdcmooea:nn .. - Cmd.llKUCJdl1 Jl10lleu (eJKd.l:l cotlou. 3tlCmaIMn.q uX C.lleaoaamto .3a MJo-fU _ . . , . - . . . , . . , . . , - - - , . . - - 207

3t\.KOH 2l

npl1 Kr1 H bC ~ npQCT A KOM. I.HO~bl HALl. YTb npOCT AKA:

KA)K vK b r 1\ ynEE CBOEIiI MI<1.WEHr1

-1UKOJoI!l ne J-cpd9umcfl 'iyocmeoMmb ce6$! v(yrH!,C apyro.o, nO;m1o.'-ty xumpocmb 8 no" ..... mooOl damb 6tHLU~U: )j[epmoc flO'I_yt!cmOO&'l:mb cet1R y.MlibUor - U He npocrno ;,xHtX.M. 1-10 Oonee 1/MHbVI. 'M!').l Bbl. OOua}l(Gbi nDBe'pU8 9 .JmQ, OHtI 1-lUI(OlOn He lUnOO03pum. '-jmO !J eilC J.iO~ £1m Qbjmb Cf( ptMmbLC J4omueltM. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 222

'3AKOH 22

r1C not\b 3 y ~ T AK THK Y KAnHTY J\~UH~:

06PA H1 CM Ei.QCTM B C~J\ y

[{Oloa BW c.~(:I6ee. kU tJ KOCl>'! CJlyLjae ,~e Cpa}l(dumecb padu xccrnu B.Mecmo )mow KanumyJlupyurne, KarlllmYJU1tlW1 d~('m tIiI.~ apeM}/. Htl mo, ... m06b1 onpaeumbCR om pn», epen», "In10tibl U~M!lI.jUm~ u pa.3rlpa..,,[,ln1b notiei.lume,l'!)l. 6peNH, 4mo6bl OO.-.::aamhcSI, nOK,:'I eeo }tOUolb uCCSlJ\"N".f!In. He docma8Jjj'l'ume e.M!;J 'ydoeo.nbCmeu.u~: cpa.JWllbC$I c ea.~U u no6e"um~ - K"i;lnumY.Ilupyume p.;lHl;lwe 3m0l0. Cdemlume "anu~ m!lJlRijwo uHcmP!JJ.lt:'HmO{J 8Jlc"lCI'l"JU. , _ , •••• _ •••• - ••••••• , • , •• - • - - ••• , 230

3AKOH 23

KOHU EHTPHPY K C BOI1 CHi\bl

CoxpaliJiume CUJHoI LI ~i-HJP~WO. l(orHlmC U xpo'lm1me ux fI p(oHw:eHmpupo~C;U-tHOJ>l Bude_ Bbj 006bem.eCb 6om"we.o, OIn,l(p~t:I ()o~amy/O )l(lliry u YZJfy6.JlRH ee .... e .... 1 nopxa)l om OOHOU i'U:!'~'1'y6oKOU Wilxmt.l I'( dPWoU, - • .mmt!Hcuema~ paSpdoomlC1l ec.f!K'w,1 pa: notiwooem ;3JCcmeHCUfIH!JJO, J1JblC,I(UttaJ'l ucmO'lHtJKU ,MD!,4!J, KomopaJ'l OOJeblcum MC. Maudume oi}Wi l.'1atll-HHtl 1(,"'1.101.1, mY'ojHy/Q KOpoay. U CHa 8 m~LjeHUC OO.lllOro ep€.l.tem .. 6yaem cMdti1o'iamb 0i"IC' ~OlIOKO.M, •• , , •• , ' , • , •••• , •••• , ••••••••••• , • - - - 240

1:2

'3AKOH 24

nOCTYWl.H KA K MeT 11 HHbil'r n PV1.6.BOPHbl~

HcmW-IHblU nplli~oopjjbHj IlpOH~milem 8 NUpC •• oe see 8pa~emCfl' eOKpyz 8.'1c11CmU U"llo .. 1umuLI~c'1'Coii CHOPO!Jl(jJ- Ol~ 8 ('"oocpUJeJ-fcmtte !3'.J1dOeem .... h'lcmepcmOON I'(oce~'~· HOIO l"la."h!IClI, O~j .%cmunl. ycmynacm u ymoep.JiI(oaem coolO Macmb Hac)" iJpYllJ,J.1U a Cl!I}loiJ U3JiWHOU u lIK.10J.!'d.JtlOU .~am!_pe, J13!:iLiilUme U npUloh;J-Il'lUme 3dKOXbl "BOpa - U tldUH::,.\IU pClcmy He oyOem npeae.~~1 " , .... _ ... , - , . , . - - . , . , . - , .. , . , .. , 248

3AKOH 25

COT80PI'I CEES! :lA-HOBO

He. np~Nu""Iil'UmE pam;. KomOpylO HaO:R3b1eaem (laM OI52.4ccm 00 , CQ30aUme ceoR 3flM¢eO. On1~~Kilfj~ml" H:0f!.!J1O uHC!uaudyaJlbHOCmb, ICOmQptifl' npua.,neK'<'Ma Obl 8HUka· Hue u MUK020il He )(i.fCKy .... U.l1i3 nyti.llWi"e- AY'iwe 6b1mb mflOp!~OM co6cmaew'lo~o o(;.,ruzl(a, ~e.M (10380.'lHmb {Jpynm onpeile.'lW1lb ezo OJlR a.,:IC, 1lroaabme meampdJlbUOC~m.u Ceot.rN oOu~ecm9CHHb.I"". ae~1a.'. u tJb!CmynJleHURJ>f - 8I1wa ~.~acmto eospecmem, II eaw o6pa:j flQKa.i6emC~ Nanuma6Hee ..... e.\i CoiIJ..iI i'l\"U.]..f(b_ , • , • , - , - . , • , • , • , , 265

1AKOH 26

JlEfl n< ~ PY KH YWCTblMI'l

8W ao.n-"'lfhl m~VISla~mb {l6pilj~O)O. nopflaO'jr-to<-'mlJ U p.;l60mocrwcooj-·wcmu; eauzu pJii(u IiUKOZaa He 6b1:,1U OCl(P3epH.eH~1 OUlUOIf.;JMU IJ ~Pf1_)fjb!,MU lIe.n.:Il"w, CO.\,pdkJ1:Ume ricin fi~3dI1.RmH';IHj.jblu Q61IUK, ucno.u~3yR ()p~J2ux e I'l<l'lecnuJC c6Oe~O opgaUJf U CK~~ cooC'moeHfjoe Y"Iacmue, __ . , . , , , _ . _ . _ . , , . _ , __ , , . , .. , . , .. , , , - - 277

]AKOI'127

I-1rPAI'1 HA HY J'Ktl.M AIOAE~, C 03AA BAJ! A PMHIO

tllAHA H1Y HblX nPHBEP}t<; EHUEB

AIPIlu ucnblmb.!8aJOm cu.nb,~euwee JKC'.rrClHLJe 00 '-ImO-Hut5ydb- t!e:pumb. CmaHt>me Ci&beKmo.~ maKOlO ;,;-e.llaHlIJI. Clae U.~I OCffDC'klHue. kOCl!l1O fJep!;J, Komopou OHU i!'-'.fO!ym C,Iledoaamb, nycmb eauzu pe1.w 6yaym NcRCHbI.MU. uO 06eu.-t';IJOU(u.. .. .w. lJim.!l3UGl3.H cmB8bme 6bJWe jX1aij.\!(3 u llC1WCmU .'fblw.1eHlu~_11aume flI-IOOb npuotrpe~ettt(bj"" {loc.'leOO!)Cl'me.1>'1Jo'! p(.jmya.lor, Komopboic ONU c.'lOl!:lm ucnomu~mb. npu:lw· MGme ux K )l(epmOOnpw'-!OlW!HUfl'J>1' om Ek'H.uelO uJ.leHU. B omcgmcmeue apMHu::meW-lHoU pesueuu u ae.U.H(t1X npllJ.!cpoe aM? noopai'K'lIHUR I;jdwa MOBCI.R cucme,'>td

eepo5a!iUU ttpUHecem &1."1 Heo~pa~II('-IE'HHylO tl.1.;lcmb. _ , • , , • , • , . , - . -, 297

15

3AKOH 28

npHCTYnA~ K AEJ\ Y 5E3 KOAE6AHY1A

ECRu flbl ne yeepenbl 8 mO.MJ KaK noCtaem oeno, He H.a I.{UHaUme ezo. Beiuu COMHeHUR. u Ko.ne6aHU.R noepeonm ucnOJlHeH.UIO. CMY14eHUe onscno: J1!JLtwe Hal.{UHamb noyeepennee. 1\106bl€ OLUUOKU, donyw,eH_Hble BaMU U3-3a caMoyee pennocrnu, ;teZKO ucnpasume c n()"MO~blO eU-f€ 60)1bWeU ca.~oyeepeHH.OCmu. CMeJlOcmb 6epem zopooe; CKpo.M.HOCmb He 6 Ltecmu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . .. 313

3AKOH 32

HrPAPI HA I\IOACKHX <l>AHT A3H5IX

npaeObl xacrno U36e2alOl7l, maK Kale OHa HenpUUlR.OHa. U nexpecuee. HUKozoa He ~a.me K ucmuxe u pea.nbHocmu~ eCRU 8bl He 20m06bl Ie 83Pbl6Y 2He6a U3-3a KpyweHU.R UJlJU03UU. )f(U3Hb mex )KecmOKa u zopecmne, lfmo JUOau. cnoco6Hble npoU38ecmu Ha caem p0.M.aHmUEieCKYIO cpaHma3Wo, noo06Hbl oa3UCY 6 nycmblH.e: Ie HUM rTlRHymCR. PYKoaoiJumb UJUU03Ufl.MU mOJ1nbl - smo eeJlUKa,R 6JlaCmb ..... 353

3AKOH 29

nMHJ.1PY~ BCE boO CAMoro KOHUA

3aeepweH.ue - smo ece. n JlaH.upyume sece nymb K l-te.MY. npUHUMaR. e pecsem ece 603MO)l(Hb(e nocJIedcmeu.fl, npennmcmeus, noeopomu cPopmyHbl~ KomOpbl.e Mozym nycmumb HaC.MapKY MW m.R.JKeJlblU mp yo ~ maK xmo czaea aocmaHemCR a pyzuJ.f,. EC/IU 6bi npoaYMaJ1U ace 00 KOHl.,(a. sac He cOKpywam 06cmoRmeJlbcmaa.~ U Sbl 6yoeme .:3Hamb, KOloa ocmaxoeumeca. l\ezoHbKO noomOJlKHUme yaa r.t.y U n0>10zume onpebenum» 6yoyU(.ee, npodY.M.bl.BaR ezo Ha MHOZO wazos ene peo. . . . . . . . . . . .. 322

3AKOH 33

3HAYt CAA5blE CTPYHKVl KA)K.6.0ro 4EJ\OBEKA

y I(a.JKOOZO ecrne CJ1a6ocmu, 6peWb 8 KpenocmHOU cmene. TaKOu. C)la60CmblO .}otO)ICem 6blmb H.eyaepeH.H.OCmbJ HeKOHmpOJlUpyeMbl.e 3Jol04UU UJ1U JK€JlaHU.R. a tJ03.MO)f(HO • .MaJ1eHbKUe mauHble peoocmu. Kate tibl mo HU 6bUlO, o6H.apy)Kuf3~ npeepan1ume ee 80pyaue nblmKU U UCn0J1b3yume aM ceoeti BblZOObl .... , ••.. 364

3AKOH 30

b..06Io1BA~Cb YcnEXA, HE nOKA3b1BAA YCHAHA

Bawu deucmau.R aOJlJKI-t bl Kd3ambC.R ecmecmeeHHtxMU U Bb,(nOJlH.ReMbUwlU C JleZKOC" mblO. Bee» mpyd u nom t anOJKeHHbl.e e HUX J KaK u ace xurnpue mptosu, cneo yem CKpbUTlb. .d.eucme!Jume 6e3 eUaU.MblX yCUJ1ut1. maKJ CJ10BHO .MOlJ1U 6bl cbenem b 20pa300 6oJlbwe. He noaaa~Um€Cb uCKyw.eHulO noxsacmarnecs, KaK mR.JKeJ10 Bbl nompydu.nucb. - smo mOJ1ttKo nopobum JlUUJ.Hue eonpocu. HU.KO.M.!:J He paCKpblfJari-

me C80UX npue.Moe~ UHa4e ux npl1Jof.€HRm npomU8 eac - . . . . . . . .. 333

3AKOH 34

5Y h.b UAPCTBEHHblM HA CBOrt MAHEP:

BE.tlH CEb~SJ KAK KOPOJ\b - 1-1 BY ll.EWb npJ.1HSIT KAK KOPOAb

Tes«, KaK 6bl npenoonocume ce6.R, Ltacmo onpeoensemc« rno, KaK C eaMU o6xo~ aJll7tC.R. Ilpu OJlumeJlbHOM 06lt.1eHuu. nOKa3a6 ce6.R eYJlbzapHbtM UJlU cepu)«, 6bl He CM:OJf(eme tl06umbC.R YBa)l(eHUR.. BeOb KOpOJlb y68.JK.aem ce6.R caM U 6b(3blea.em mo )f{e lItyecmeo y oKp!JlKalOfMUx. AepJKaCb yeepeHHo U BeJ1U\fa60, 8bl nOKa3bleaeme

ITle.M Ca.MblM, ~mo Hocumb KOpoNy - sawe npeOHa3H.a 'l.eHue r _. 379

3AKOH 31 KOHTPOAHPY VI BCE BAPHAHTbl:

nYCTb APyrHE J.1rPAIOT KAPT AMH~ KOTOPblE caAEWb Tbl

I\Yl.Iwue of).MaHbl me, npu «omopux eO( KaK 6bl npeoocmeenneme a p yZOMy ..,eJlOBeKY 6bl6op: y aawux »cepme 603HUKaem UJlJl103Ufl ceo6oobl fJbl6opa. Ha CaMOM oeJ1e OH.U JIUWb .MapUOHemKu. A.asaume JlIOOSl.M ebl.6op~ npu KaKOM 6bl euuzpeeme, 4/710 6bi OHU HU npeiino-utu. n pu Hy.JKaa ume ux f3bi6upamb MeH.bLUee U3 aeyx 30Jl, HO U3 mex, Limo cllYJKam eawUM ~eJlR.M. Ilccmeeune ux nepeo aUJleJtf..Mou: Kyaa HU

KUHb - Be KJij y KJZUH. . . . . . . . _ . • . . . . . • _ • • . . . . . • • • • • . . • • • • . . • . . • • . . . •• 344

3AKOH 35

OBAAllEI-1 HCKYCCTBOM ynPABAEHH5i BPEMEHEM

Hwcoloa He nOKa3biBaume. Lfmo cn€wume - cneWKa 8blaaem HeY.MeHUe pecnop«. .M'antbC.R caMUM col5ou U C80U,M epenenes«. Bcezoa cmapaumeCb 6blZJlilaemb cnolCOUHbl.M, KaK 6yamo 8bl .:3Haeme~ a.,:mo 8 KOH~e KOHl,.,(Oe ec~ npuoem K ea>t caJofo . HaY'l.UmeCb 6bl6upamb npaeUJ'lbHblU MO.MeHm, ,YJt86J1Ueamb dyx epeuenu, menbe«:

Ltuu. Komopble npueeo ym Me If: 6J1acm u. H aytfUmeCb omoumu 6 cmopouu, ec.nu 8Pf!.Msl eU4e He npuuino, U 60pOmbC.fl U30 scex CUJl~ lCozaa MO.MeH.m «espe» .... ' 390

14

3AKOH 36

nPE3H.PAI1 TO, YEM HE MOJKEWb 06MAATb:

HrHOPJ.1POBAHHE - A YYWA5I MECTb

n pu::maaafi ,Me.nOlib npo6Jle.Moii~ 6bl aaeme eu cyw,ecmeoeaJ-lue U cunu. LJeJr.t 60J1bwe 6HU.,MaHUfJ. Bbt yoeJl.R.eme epazy ~ men CUJ1bl-t€e ON cmaxoeurncs, U Ma;Zel-tbKaA owu6Ka xacmo npe6pa~aemc.R 8 txxnee ce Pbe3H.ylO U 3a.MemHYIO npu nonblmKe ee ucnpeeum»- Ilopoii JlYliwe ocmaeumb ace KaK ecme, ECJlU ecrne xmo-mo, 4eM flbl xomume~ 11.0 He .M.OJK.eme 06Jlaaamb~ npOOe.MOHCmpU pyume n peHe6 peseeuue K '3moMY. YeJ.t MeHbwe ssunmepecoeeunocmu Bbl np05UJUmeJ mesc 6o.nee HeaOCRzae· .Mbl.M t5 yaeme Ka3dm bC.R Cd.MU. • . . . • • • • . . . . . . . . • • • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • • . . •• 402

3AKOH 37

C03AABAA HE3A6blBAEMblE 3PEAHUlA

fipKafl 06pa3H.ocmb U CUMaOJlU~Hble KpaCu6bte )KeCmbl co.:roalOm aypy BJ1acmU OHU 3aXeambl6dlOm JU060l0. Cmaeerne n03mOMY cneKmaKJ1U aJIR oKpyJKa10 14UX, nOJlHbI.€ npumsusmeneuux HaZJlfiaHblX U JIy4a~UXC.R CUJ.tBOJlOB, xomopue 6bt npey6€JZu 4:U6aJlU OOJlIO aawezo y~acmuft. B oc neruieuuu om 3peJlUu.(.a H.UKmO He :)aMemum, CKOJlbKO Ha CaMO..f'>1. oene BaMU coe.naHO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 414

3AKOH 38

AYMAA '-ITO XOLiEWb, HO .6.EACTBY~ KAK BeE

E CJlU 6bl menseme nOKa~m b, llmo onepesceeme ceoe epen« u npomu60cmoume snoxe, u..celOJtR.R 0pU2UHaJlbHbl..M.U ude.R.Mu U HeopmodoKcBJtbHblJofU nym~.Mu, JtK>DU Mozym nooY.Mamb, limo 8bl npocmo xomume npuenews BHUJ.f.au.uel a Ha kUX cuompume cesrcoxa. OHU Haud ym cnoco6 HdKa3amb eac ,Ja rno, 4mo sacrnaeuxu ux n04yecm60aamb aaLUe npeeoc xoacmeo. K yaa 6e30nacHee C.MeWambC.R C HUMU U 6blmb Kale flee. C 13010 0 pU2UHaJl bHocmb npuom« pbtBaume mOJlbKO mepnuseus« K 3mOJtiy apY3bffJ.f U meN. 0 KOJ.1 SOl m04HO 3Haeme. l{mo UfrI nOHpaaUMC.R eawa

YHUKaJlbHocmb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 424

3AKOH 39

M YTJ.1 BOaY, '-IT06bl nof1MA Tb Pbl6KY

Fnee U 3J.fOt.(UU cmpemezuuecxu aOCOJHom.40 H.enpodYKmuBHbl. BaM cneouem ecezda ocmaeambC.R cnoKouHblM U o6beKmw3HblM. Ho ec)tu .MO)KHO n03JlUmb epezoe men, 4mo caJ.tu Bbl coxpensieme cnoxoucrneue, 6bl nOJl!j4a.eme beccnopuce npeu.MyUl,ecmoo. Bueeoume epezoe U3 peenoeecun: I-ldudume U(eJl04K'y a ux Ca.MOJ.fHeHUU~

If.epe3 «omopg«: ux MO)KHO aOcmamb~ - u OHU y sac Hd KplO~Ke 435

16

---,

3AKOH 40

c nPE3PEHHEM OTBEPr A~ 6ECTlAA THblE 05EAbi

To, I.f1nO npeanezeom OOJ.1 aapoM, maum onacxocme. 06bl4.HO aa 3mUM cmoum "umpbtU rnpto« UJlU cxpumoe o6JiJameJl scmso. 3a mo. 4mo xeeo-mo crnoum, cmoum 3anJlamumb. OnJla 4U6aR ceou nymbJ 6bJ U30aBJtRemeCb om He06xoouxocmu lj;lazooapumbt ucnblm bleamb (JUHY U OOMdHbloomb. 4 acmo Y.Ml-tee 6blaaem 3anJldmumb no.nnylO u,eHy - HeJlb3.'R OJ1UCmamb U 3KOHOMumb oonoepeneuuo. He )fCaJleume oenez, 3QcmasJl.Rume ux pa60mambJ U4ea poem» .RElJl.Remc.R npU3NaKOJ.1. iJ}lacmu u npumsuueeem ee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 445

3AKOH 41

CT APAVlCSJ HE H..6. TH CJ\E..6.0M 3A BEJ\J.1KHMH

To. xmo CJly~aemcfl BHatfaJlet acezaa Ka)KemCfl Jly'-l.tu€ U 0PUZUHaJlbHee mozo. xrno npoucxooum nomo.M. E cnu 6bl npeeunu« 6eJlUKOZO l.feJlOeeKa UJ1.l1 pebeno« 3H.aJ.feHUmbtX pooumeneu, rna, t.tmoObl npeesoiunu UX, BaM npubemc fi He npocmo nosmopum», HO yBaoumb ux Bocmuscenu« . He me psiismec» 6 ux menu - zecmpsineme 6 'l.yJKO.M n pOUUlOJ.f.. Bbi. C.MOJKeme co3<1amb co6cmeeHHbte U.M.R U JlU l.(Hocmb, eCJlU U3.MeHUme K y pc. QmKdJKUmeCb om 8JldCmHOZO omt¥lJ 3dKJleUMUme ezo HacJ1e8u€ u

eto6eumecb aJlacmu~ 3dCU;Ra coOcm8eHHbl).f~ a ue ompa)fCeH.H.bl.M ceemo.M 464

3AKOH 42

nOPA3YJ nACTblPfi - H nACTBA PACCEETC5t

Lfacmo Oeoy .Mo)t(em npunecmu OOHa cunu-e« JlUIiHOCmb - 6anaMym, e03JrfymumeJlb cnOlCoticmaU.R, Ca>lOHaae.RHHblU 8blCKOLtK'd. £ C JZU 6bl npeoocmeeume maKU).f JlIOOR..Jt.1. no.ne ae.RmeJl bHocmu, a p yzue noanaa ym noo ux BJlU.RHue. He )l(oume, noxa npU'lUH.ReJofbte U..MU Hen pusunnocmu 6ydym .MHO}KUm bC R, He n btmaUmeCb C HllJoo'tU lJozoeopumbC:R - OHU 6e3HaaelKHbl. Heumpallu3yume ux enunuue, U:jO/lUpY:R UX WZU U.:3l0H.R.R. Y cmpeuume 603.MymumeJUi cnOKoucmaUR - u eao OKpYJKeHUe

pil36e)f(UmcSi. . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 478

3AKOH 43

3ABOEBbiBAYi CEP aUA 1-1 Y Mbl OKPY)KAIOUlvtX

HacUJlue no possoeem pea K4UIOt xomopen a KOHett,HOJo1. cxeme o6e pnemcn npomue eac, BbS aOJDKH bl 060Jlbt«amb JllOaeU, l(mOObl OHU saxomenu oauzam bC.R e 6awe.M HanpaSJI€Huu. Co6J1a3HeHHblu adJ.1U cmaH08UmC.R npeaaH.HblM c.nyzou. Lfmo6b1. O5o.nbl.4amb JllOiJeut HY.1KNO utpem» Ha ux uHouauayaJlbHblX nCUXOJlOlUl.(eCKUX OC06eHHOCm.RX U Ha ux CJla60cmRx. C"HtZllUme conpomuenenue, a03aeucmay.R Ha '"'!Jecm6a, uepeume ne mo)o(, umo JlKJ<3flJ.1. dopozo, U Ha ux cmpaxax. EC/lu U2kOpupoaamb cepbue U yJ.fbl oKpY)KaKJl1.(ux, mo OHU e pe:JYJlbmame eac

803NeMa6UO.Rm. • . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . • . • . . • • . . . • • • . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . • • . . . 488

17

3AKOH 44 06E30PY)KHBAA H nPHBOAH B SlPOCTb

C nOMOWblO 3¢I<DEKTA 3EPKAM.

IKaJlO ompa)K8em peaJlbHOCmb~ HO 3mO maKJfCe u coee ptueuuoe opyoue 06M4na: ~ 8bl leaK 6 3epK411e om06paJK.aeme aeUCm8U.R ceoux epezoe, e mO'lHOCmU mOplut 8Ce~ 'UnO OeJZaJOm OHU~ U).f He yCta.emc.R. nOHflmb~ KalCOBa saw •. cmpeme. 3fjxpe1Cm 3epICan.a U30eBaemCilJ yHWKaem UX, Mewaem J.taClCupoeamb UX crnee. nOOHOCSf. 3epKaJIO K UX oywaJ.1.J e1bl co3daeme y HUX UJlJV03U1O moao, xmo Oe;l.fleme ux t.t.eHHocmu; noOH.OCfJ sepxeno K UX nocmunxes«, abl npenoseeme U.M

)1(. HeMHOZu.e 8 CU)1ax npomueumsc« a.nacmu ::Jqxj:JeKma 3epKaJla 499

3AKOH 45

npOnOBEAYl1 HE06XO.6.HMOCTb nEPEMEH~

HO HE CAHWKOM YBi\EKAI1C51 PE<OOPMAMH

~a9,M.!I- 9m~e..,eHHO nonnmne: nompe6Hocmb 6 nepeuenex, HO JJooeu., JKU6y~UX lUX aHeM., rpop.Mupyem npUt3b1.lI.K8. OHU 60J1e3HeHHO peazupylOm H.a CJlUUllCOM ~.bUiue. ~pe.MeHbI.~ a smo eeaem K J.1.RmeJKy. ECllU 6bl H06Ul.(OK H.a. eepwuHllX icmu UJlU. noxa mQ.JlblCO nbtmaemeCb ee 006umbC.R~ ycmpoCtme CnelCmaKJlb,

I I • I

f.OHCmpup!JSl yaa)l(eHue It cmspu» J.femOOaM paoombl. ECRU nepeuenu HeQ6xo-

Io(bl~ npuaaume UM 6Ua HeOo..nbwolO YJlYLiweHU:R npoWJl020 518

~KOH46

HH B KOEM CI\YYAE HE KAI'KHCb

CAHWKOM COBEPWEHHbIM

D4IT1bCR,JlY'lWe opyzux ecezaa onacxo, HO onacxee eceao He UMemb zpexoe u csa;m.ea~ 3aeucmb po)l(oaem maUHblX 6paZ06. Y MHblU «enoee« epeus: om epenenu I.fOH€rnp·upyem U3"b.flHbl, npusneemcn e 6e306uOHbiX zpeiuxex, l.{11t06bl 3aU4UrmbC.R om 3aBUCmU U Ka3ambC.R 60Jlee t(eJ10BeLfHblM U aocmynHbtM. T OJlbKO tso)Ke· ~ea U MepmebJ.€ Mozym BblZJl:Raemb C08epl.UeHHblMU~ Hu~ezo He onacaace .... 530

3AKOH 47

HE 3AXOAH AAAbWE HAME,-{EHHOA UEAH;

n05E1KaA~l 3HAft KorAA OCTAHOBHTbCSI

~H06eHUe no6eabt - smo xacmo uouenm HaU60JlbWeZO pucxe. B peszap no6edbi MOI-taO€.RHHocmb U l4pe3.MepHaR yeepeHHocmb 8 ce6e J.tozym monxnum» sec ./of.UJof,O Me4eHHOU 4eJ1U, a 3aUaR C JlULUKOJ.1. aaJleKO, Bbl nOJIY4ume epezoe 6oJlbwe~ ..,eM ,OJKeme no6eoumb. 06<3 YJ.1.bl.6aHWO u mwameJlbHoMY n..n.aHupOBaHUIO Hem aJlbmepHa~ ~ebt. H CUofembme ueJIb, a KaK mOJlbKO oocmUZHeme ee, ocrnaxoeurnece. . . . . .. 544

3AKOH 48

06PETH HEonPEAEAEHHOCTb CI>OPMbI

$I KOHKpemHYIO CPOPMY~ U>feii H.aZJlRaHtxe TlJlaHbi~ 6bl omKpbleaeme ce6R aJlR HU.R. Buecmo rnozo '-lm06bl npuusuru, CPOPMY, KomopyJO cMozym amaKoaa.mb ..... ~~ epezu, npucnoca6Au6cu1mecb u 6YObme 6 nOCmO.RHHOJof OeUJ1CeHUU. Ilpuuume cPaKm, xrno Hem HUl.leZ'o onpeoenennozo U He c!Jtu,ecmeyem ycmaH06Jl.eHHblX

aAtl!~2~Da 3aKOH06. !\y..,wuu cnoc06 3aU,fUmumb ce6Sl - 6bU7lb meKYllUM U 6eccf>opKaK eoo«; HUKOZaa He cmaeerne Ha. Cma6UJ1bHocmb UJJU dJ1UmeJlbHblU

~DJW~IK.BCeU3MeHHemc~ ~~ 4 ••• ~ •••••• 4 •••••••••• 556

nPEJI;HClIOBIIE nEPEBO,aqHKA

nOHat.{aAY xaura ... 48 3aKOHOB axacmu- MO)Kem nOKa3ambC51 HeKUM yy.e6HuKoM UUHU3Ma~ nococuex AASI AuueMepoB U AaJKe MoweHHUKOB. Ho Y)Ke Ha B rnopou esr ASIA nOHUMaeWb~ limo OHa He max np.stMOAuHeo.Ha. Pa6omas. HaA nepeeoaow smou KHuru, Sf, ecmecm8eHHO~ npOAOl\JKaAa cxesurns sa meM, ... mo npoucxoaurn B MUpe. Oy:eHb CKOPO SI nouMaAa ce6st Ha mOM, smo, CAblwa 06 3KcmpaBaraHmHbIX BbIXOAKax BblXOAK8X oaaoro U3 Hawux nOAumUKOB UhU HeOJoKUAaHHOM B blCKa3b'BaHUU Apyrorot conocmaSAiO smo C MamepuaAOM xuuru. 51 mo U AeAO «BCKpUKUBal\a II- npo ce6S1~ .Hy rneneps l'Ke COBepweHHO nOHSlmHO, sero OH xornex 3mUM. Ao6umbCSlII- UAU ·0 ~ Dome, Aa seAb aa 3mUM cmpaHHblM Co6blmueM npocmo cmoum 3aKOH 6 (UAU 13 ... )t •.

KHura He mOAbKO noworeern H~YYWe noasme, limo cmoum aa mea UAU UHblM XOAOM AUAepOB naprnuu, Aenyma.m B UA U npeAcmaBumeAeu npasumeAbcmBa. OHa m8K >Ke nOAe3Ha u npu aHaJ\U3e KaK -mo 3anymaHHbiX curnyauuu Y aac Ha cAY}l(6et

KOH¢,AuKmOB co 3HaKOMbh\\U u max Aahee.

Xoms asrnop oopeuiaerncs K xumamex 10 J KaK 6bl o6y\faSi xumpocm51M npUABOp-

HOC. >KU3HU t oyeHb CKOpO Bbl OC03Haeme: Ha CaMOM .4.ehe OH He y-nim aac noaxocmu. a npeaocmeperaem u nOMoraem pacnoaaams ee B )K.U3HU.

A ym. B npeaaaepuu BblOOPOB KHur a u noaas HO He36MeHUMCI, KaK AASI rnex, xmo

peuiux Ha '"'ta.mb npoAB U1KeHUe BO axacms U Ha4UHaem yt.lacmue B npeABbl6oPHOU rOHKe ~ max U AASI . PSiAOB blX u36upame"eO~ xornopsie, He JoKeAaSl 6blmb o6MaHymbiMu rpOMKUMU CAoBaMU u cpaAbWUBblMU )KeCmaMU, HaAelOmC.Sl oxaaamscst 8 cocrnossuu pecnoaaams, xmo npeac maexsern cooou mom UAU U HOlt nomeHUUafo.bHblU u36paHHUK

U CAyra aapoaa.

Hy ~ a eCAU eaM HeUHmepeCH8 noxurnuka, HO Bbl C YAOBOAbcmB ueM 3HaKOMumeCb

c ucmopu-recxuwu aHeKAOffiaMU. mo 3AeCb Bbl UX HaUAeme B u36blmKe: xpecmowamUUHbJe U MahO KOMY uaeecmaue, napaAOKcaAbHble, 3aOaBHbJe U noyy.umeAbHble - OHU 4.0CmaB~m BaM paaocms. OAHU ucmopuu Bbl npoxrnerne aneps sre, B Apyrux, xopowo 3HaKOMbIX, coosrrnua npeacmanym nepea BaMU B cosepweHHO HOBOM cseme. H60 aamop, U3AaraS§ coosrmus npourxoro, somopsre MO)t{HO nposumems U B Apyrux xaurex, aaern UM cosepuiemro opuruHaAbHylOt cBoeo6pa3HYlO u HempaAuuuOHHYIO rnpaxrnoexy, AeAa~ HeO)K.UAaHHble U HempUBuaAbHble BblBOAbl.

20

nPE)lUCJIOBUE

, t~

~, '

ue omcymcrne US!. BAacmu HaA J\JOAbMU U co6blmUjlMU

.aac OObl1..fHO HeB blHOCUMO - 6eCCUAue aacmaaxsern Hac oaarns ce6st HeC\faCmHbIMU. HUKmo He crnpexumca K ._DItI'.v, "Im06bl UMemb MeHbwe BAacmu, KaJKAbnj xoxern noxyee noeoxsure. B cerOAHSlWHeM Mupe, oAHaKot He6e30nacHo

,AJlAemb CA UWKOM >Kai'KAYWUM BAacmu. He CKpblBamb ceoero , USI K aeu, HaM cxesyem xasemscs CAaSHbIMU, "IeCmHbl~ ,U CKpoMHblMU. TaK limo npuxoaumcs npUMeH5Imb moaxoe

I

ccmeo - 6blmb 6AarOHaMepeHHbiMu I HO XUmpblMU, AeMOKpa·

HO HeucKpeHHuMu.

,TaKa.sr nocmOSlHHas:l .6.BOUCmaeHHocmb 60Aee acero HanOMUnpoucxoaua wue B crnapuay urpei npu asope uapcrnaexocoo. B XOAe ucmopuu ASOP seer Aa CPOpMupoBaAc~ soxpyr OC06bI - KOPOA5I, KopOAes bl, uMnepamopa, xusepa. opHble~ cocrnaexaa wue srnom ABOP, ... acmo HaxOAUAUCb 8 U OyeHb weKomAUBOM nOA01KeHUU: Heo6xOAUMO 6blAO uaarns CBOUM nOBeAumeASlM~ HO eCAU 3mO asrr A.sIAeAO eHHblM AU300A IOAcmBOM~ CAUWKOM HenpUKPblmb~M 38UC, ,lLpyrue npuasopaste He ynYCKaAU cAy'ta.Sl 06epHYmb npomua HUX. n03mOMY npUXOAuAOCb uamu Ha yxuurpeaus, norrsirrucu 3acAY)KUmb MUAocmb rocnoauaa He BblrARAeAU

OM omKpOSeHHb(Mu. H AaJKe onblmHble npuanopaste, cnoHa maKYIO mcaxocrns, Bee me AOAJKHbJ 6blAU nOMHumb 0 aeuiurnei om conepauxoa, romos blX B AIOt50U MOMeHm mb UX.

. npeAnOAaraAOCb B mo )t(e BpeMfI t \{mo ABOP SlB,,~em coeou

I~ ymOH"ieHHOCmu U UUBuAU30saHHocmu. rpyooe U aenpuoe peesue K BA8cmu He noourpasocs, npUABOpHbJe AeucmBOM

u ucnoarnuunca. CKpblmHO npomuaoaeucmeys AI060MYt xrno ~eHSlA CUAY. 3mo OblAa .6.UAeMM8 mU3HU npu ABope: cmepescs -IJWHe Ka3~mbC.sr 06pa3uoM '3AeraHmHocmu u 6AaropOAcmBa~ tlpuABopHble crnapaxucs KaK MO>KHO 60Aee He3aMemHO u yrnoa~HO nepexumpurns u 060umu npornuaauxa. Y Aa~AUBb[U npu"OPHblU co B peMeHeM nocrnurax HayKy U3B UAUCmb[X nyrneu, ,,!"I8AC.sI HaHocumb yaap B cnUHY npornuaauxe PYKOU B 6apxam- 4IO(a nepxamxe U co ChaA"'IaUweU YAbl6KOU aa Auue. B.M.ecmo .....0 '1mOObl npUMeHSImb uacuxue UAU np5IMylO yrpo3y t ucmua-

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2

Afjop, 6eJ COM.1iCnus, Jl8).Jlem co6ou cpeiiomoxue tlvK.A.lt80cmu u XOPOUlUX MaHep.

He 6yiJb smo max, OJ{ cmax 6bl cpeiiomoeueu xpobonpoxumus U Janycmenus. T e, to no ceiocac 6;\.(120- CK.A011.H.O y..\ bz6aemcs U saxxsonaem iJpyz opyza 6 om,llmUJl, 06MNlttBaxuc» 6b! OCK.Op- 6AeH.U.R.MU u ydapauu, ec...tu 6bl He MeUiaAO 60CHZt11UlH.Ue ...

AOPA qeCTeP<t)l.1AA~ 1694-1773

scerae 06AYMblsaS1 nhaH aeucrneuu na MHoro uiaros snepea. iKU3Hb npu aaope n peacma BASlAa cooou 6ecKoHe~HY EO urpy ~ xomopas mpeooaaxa om yyaCmHUKOB nocmO~HHOU 6AumeAbHocmu U maxrnu -recxoro M bIWJ\eHUSI. 3mo 6blAa y-rrnuees BOUHa.

C erO.4.H~ Mbl cmaAKUB aeMCS1 C O'"feHb nOXO)KUM nepaaoxcoss:

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Born U Haw cerOAH~WHUU M up aocnpuausiaem ce6.H KaK KYAbMuHauU10 .6.06poAemeAu, HO me me HenpUrh,SlAHbJe cmpacmu no-npexoreay 6ywy.am B Hac, KaK smo 6blAO eceraa. npaeUAa ocmaomcs Bc~eMU >Ke. no BUAUMocmu BbJ AOA>KHbI YBa>Kamb l..(eCmHYKJ urpy, HO Ha aexe, eCAU mOAbKO Bbl He COBCeM npocmas, Bbf 6blcmpo xayseemecs pecxemeueocrnu U ocwornpumee saocrnu u nocmynaeme no coserny Henoxeoaa: uaaeeaeme 6apxamH}'1O nepxarnxy aa >KeAe3HYIO pyKy. ECAU, nOAo6Ho npuaeopaosiy AaSHUX B peMeH, B bl CMQ1Keme oexaserns ucxyccmeosi AeucmBOearns ucnoarnuunca, ooyxumece oxapoa blBamb, Abcmumb1 nxecmu uarnpuru U U351WHO oeaoeums aoxpyr naxsua CBOUX conepauKOB, mo BaM YAaCmC51 socrnu Yb caMblX B sicorn BAacmu. BbJ 6YAeme nOA '-IUH.sJmb Moaeu caoeu BOlte max, xmo OHU U He 3aMem:s:Jm, KaK B bl srno C1I.eAaAU. A eCA U OHU He nOH5IAU, limo 8bl CAeAaA u, rno HU KOUM 06pa30M He cssoryrn npornueocmosrne U conpornuexarnsca saM.

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~

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.0 )Ke YAaemcSl pa3HblM AK>AstM no-peaaoray. Ornaocumecs KO ~ OAUHaKQBO - 3Ha",um uruopupoaams pasxu .... U5[~ npesosao.-nb MeHee YMeAblxf He3aCAY>KeHHO omoaeures rnex, xrno ~oOeH Ha 60" suree. Y1 CHOBa - 60" bWUHcmBO rnex, xrno .em ce65t nOAo6HbTM oOpa30M, Hell caMOM AeAe npUMeHsnom ~ Apyrou npueM B 6opb6e 3f1 BAacmb~ ynpaBMI.H pacnpeaepUeM HarpaA.

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• He30rOUCmU\{HOro nepCOHa>K8. 3mo - ~pMa BHyweHuS!t

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l,~R npocrnexow, ym06bl HaAymb npocrnexa: KlUKUCb rxynee ':1"'0. MuweHu). Yrna >Ke AO HenOlieAbHOU HaUBHocmu~ rno u ..... HeCBOOOAHa om AOByweK BAacmu . .6.emu Morym 6blmb 80

_'rOM H8UBHblMUJ HO '-I8CmO U OHU, OWYW8S1 npUMumUBHYlO hornpe6Hocmb ynpaexams rnessu, xrno UX oxpyscaem, 4.eUcmBYlOm .. ,<OOmsemcmBUU C srnou nompeoaocrruoo, Aemu Oe3MepHO

I' .paA<uom~ ouryuraa caoe 6ecnpaB ue B Mupe B3POCAbJXt U noxsC:R BceMU aocrny nHblMU cnocooaseu, \.Im06bl A06umbcSI CBO~ HcmUHHO HaUSHbJe AlO.6.U rnaiose Morym npuxuwarne yxac-

Hwte,w y0u8umeAb- 1WlO~ limo 6apmwcu He A106Jlm XUlqH-bl.X 1 unuu, 'IiO 3 mo ue npuuuua BAil mozo, ttm06bt yoepJKJ..t8amb xUllpanco8, 'He Ba- 8ClJl UM yuocum» ~. A 1WZaa tiapaiuxu

1 iepeuiei 1mblfJaw mcs: .3mu XUUjHUXU 3AbteJ max passe nem y nac HpaiJa e~~nlb Bee cpe8- c1118a 'WiJXOOJll.qUMU O.AJl npomuiiocmos- 1-tUJl ll.M?» ~

8 31nUX Bo(Jo8ax Hem nuxezo 8 xopne He8epHOlo. Oihul'lco XUUjHbl€ 1l.111.UJj.bl 6yOym uecxos» 'KO 03aOlVteHbl U cxaJKYm: «Mbt nuxeto ne uueesc npomus smux oo6pbtx 6apatUKo6, Mbl aa.»:e ..uo6u.;w ux. Hem nuueto 8KYCHee ue)lCH,(JZO tiapauixa».

~liAPltX Hl1ijllle. 1844-1900

23

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........ _,.- .

E oUHcmficl-tHbte cpe3cm6a iJocmu;KeHUR IJCAU (JAil ;uo8eu CJ1llb ctUa u XtlmpOCnl'b. VI A10608b, CK aJKJ" 1l

daM, H.O 3UW sna«us» 6bt >Kaamb~ 'KOlOa 80CCWlem COAHl1e, a JKlt3H.u

uzpe6yemCJl «axboe Mmo6euue. 1II0raBH BoAJ4lraHr Fere, 1749-1832

CmpeAd1 (k,myutert- ua« A ytt1iWWM, .MO)K€1n y6umb OOHoZO

lleAo8eK a UA.U 'lie y6u.mb eto. Ho xutnpas yA08Ka, npuay ssanna« .A.qopet~OMf cnocoona y6u8amb o(l)Ke MAaoextJ€6 8 ympo6ax.

Kayn.tAbR, J1HAlt i1.ClUiU q>liAOC~~ 111 nex AO H. 3.

mue B urpe, uexs xomopou - sxecrne. npu LleM Y8CmO OHU B srnou urpe Heaepo~mHO YAaYAUB b( UMeHHO nomowy, l.oImo He 06peMeH~lOm ce6:s:t peq,.AeKcueD. n08mopuM~ me, xmo pa3blrpbl8a~ em HeBuHHocmb, Hes UHHbl MeHee ~ 4eM xmo 6bl mo HU 6bEh ewe.

Bbl CMO)Keme pacn03Hamb rnaxux npeAnOAaraeMblX urpOKoe no mOM Y , KaK OHU B b5cmaB ASllOm HanOKa3 ceou MopaAbHble Ka'-l.eCmBa! werOAsnom 6Aar04ecmueM t AeMOHcmpupYlOm UCKAIO\.:IUmeA bHoe '-lyB c mBO cnpaeeAr\USOC mu. HOI UCXOA~ U3 rnoro, t.tmo Bee xornam sxecrnu U noxmu Bee y.eAoae\{eCKUe AeucmBust B KOHe~HOM cueme HanpaBheHbl ae AocmlDKeHue smou uexu, ct\eAyem nOHUMamb, -tmo -ueurpoxu- npocmo nYCKalOm nb[Ab B r Aa3a~ a ux SUA MopaAbHoro npeBOCXOAcmB6 npU3BaH MaCKuposamb UX coficmeeHHYlO urpy B 6oPb6e sa sxecrns. npUcMompumecb K HUM - U B bl Y B usurne, limo ua caM-OM AeAe OHU OOAee spyrux UCKyweHbl B HayKe AeucmBOBamb ucnoernuunce. xoms sexornopeie U3 HUX nOAb30BaJ\UCb eio HeOC03HaHHO. QHU cmpaun+o HeroAylOm B CAY"'Iae, eCAU UX YJ\OBKU cmaHOBSlmC.sl AocmOSlHueM ny6J\UKU.

ECAU ycmpouCmBO Mupa MomHO cpaa aurns C HeBepOS1mHbiX

pa3MepOB MOHapWUM ..c..eOPOMt a Apyroro Mupa HaM He AaHO, mo 6eCCMbiCAeHHO numernscs He ecmynamb 8 urpy. 3mo xuurum sac KaKOU 6bJ mo HU 6blAO BAacmUt a om CO:3HaHUSI 6eccuAUSI B bl

nO{.f)'BcmByeme ce65t omBep>KeHHblM. l..{eM Cpa}KambC~ c HeU3· 6e)KHOcmblOl "[eM cnopums. KOMnAeKCOBamb u ucnblmblBamb 4yscmaO BUHblt y1K J\y'iwe npopb1BambCSI K sxacmu. B caMOM Aehe, r..seM AYl.{We y aac srno no Ay,,",umC:s:l, meM hYl.IWUM ApyroM, B03J\106AeHHbIM, MymeM, >KeHOUt meM hYl.iWeU AU\iHOcmblO Bbl crnaueme. CAeAY~ nyrnew ucmuHHoro npUABopHoro (eM. 3aKoH 24), Bbl ysaaerne, KaK sacmaeums AK)AeU 6blmb Ay'iWerO MHeHUst o sac, crneuoe ~Cb AASI HUX. K8IK U AASI. caMoro ce6S1t ucmOt.lHUKOM YAoBoAbcmBuSi. OHU nepecmaHym aaeucerne om S8WUX B03MO)K'Hocmeu j HaXOASI pasocme B BaweM o6LUecmBe. OeAaAes 48 3aKOHaMU smou KHuru ~ a bi U Apyrux u36asume om 60hU, KaKYIO npUy.UH5I.em Hey MeAoe 06paweHue C BAacmblO - K8K urpa c OfHeMt e Komopou MomHO 06JKe~bc)1, eCAU He 3Hamb ero

esouemB. ECAU y* urpa BO BAaCffib HeU36emHa. "yy.we cmarns B Heu XYlaoOJ'KHUKOM, '-I.eM HeYMexou U AUhemaHmOM..

OeA8AeHue urpou 50 BJ\8cmb mpe6yem OnpeA.eAeHHOro 83r ".st;.

laoa Ha MUPt nepeMeHbl nepcneKmUBbl. Ah5f. smoro nOHaAo6stmc.Sl. YCUAUS., rOAbl npaxmuxu. npUlLemcSl OBAaAemb ueAblM Pj[AOM 6a30BblX. Has blKOB ~ HO, y>K OBA8AeB UMU, 8bl CMO)Keme npUMeHSImb

3aKOHb~ BAacmu AerKO u ecmecmaeHHO.

CaMblU ea)KHblU U3 srnux HaSblKOB, a maxsce rJ\aSHoe ocnoaa-

Hue BAacmu - Y MeHue BAaAemb C50UMU 'iYBcmBaMU. ')M.OUUOHaAbHaSl peaKuust Ha cumyauulO - :lmo caMoe 60hbwoe npenS!m~ ems ue AA.5l BAacmu~ QWU6Kaf KomopaSl o60UAemest BaM KyAa

Aopo)t(e, Lie"" AK)6oe BpeMeHHoe yt..o5Aem50peHue, nOAyyeHHoe BaMu om B b1pa}KeHu.Sl syecma. 3a 3MOUUflMU He B UAHbl ucmuaHble npu-iuaer, a ecxu Bbl He eusume curnyauujo co aceu :RCHOcmbJO, B bl oy aeme He B cocmosau U nO.6.fOmOBUmbC51 K Heu \l xoms xax-mo npoxoumpoxupoeems coocrneeaayso peaKUUJO Ha Hee.

Faes - Hau60Aee pa3pywumeAbHa51 U3 scex 3MOUUOHaAbHblX peaKUUO~ OH nOAHocmblO 3amYMaHUBaem nepcnexrnuay, xuuiaem sac cnocoouocmu B uaerns. B pe3YAbma me saM He Y.6.aemcSl YAep)Kamb c umy auuio nOA KOHmpoAeM, u ysepexaocms spara B CBOUX CUAax pacmem. ECAU Bb1 cma paemecs YHU 4mO}Kumb spare, xornopsni npuu UHUA BaM 3AO, ropeaso AYYWe ycsmums -ero 6AumeJ\bHocmb~ AeMoHcmpupyst .6.pymel\106ue, ~eM nokaasrlamb eMY CBOU ruea,

~~.' AIQ60Bb U npUBSl3aHHOCmb nomeauuaxsxo rnosce paspyuiumeAbHbl~ max KaK Morym ocxenurrus sac u aacrnaa urm, CAY>KUmb UloimepeCCIM mex, xoro Bb1 MeHee ecero noaospeaaerne B yt.lacmuu 8 urpax BAacmu. HUKmo He B CUAax noaa B urns rues UAU ~OBb UA U aacmanu rns ceos He uc nsrm bl aa rns ux - He cmoum U n~mambC.sl. BaM cxeayem npoaexsms oCmOpO>KHOCmbJ KOHmpcv..UPYfI ux npO.slBJ\eHU51~ u, xmo ocooeaso aa)KHO, OHU HUKaK He ~A>KHb! BAUSlmb aa sa wu nl\a HbJ U 3aMblCAbl.

~~ . Y MeHue ynpaBAs:Jrnb CBOUMU YYBC mBaMU CB5l3aHO co cnoco6- ~mblO orncrnpaaurrusca om mexyuiero MOMeHma u o6beKmUBliQ;·oOAYMbrBamb npourxoe u 6YAywee. nOAo6HO 5JHYCY, AByAUKO~.' OO)KeCmBY PUMA5IH. cmpa1KY acex Bpam U ABepeu, BbI f¥'JKHbJ Hay -rumscs CMompemb B o6oux HanpaBAeHu5iX cpaJy r ~bl ycneunio cnpaB umscs c onacaocrnsjo, omKyAa 6bl OHa ,,~ npuurxa, nopa6oma ume HC)A C03AaH ueM mexoro AB ouxoro ~ - OAHO nocmosaao ycmpe-weso B 6yaywee, Apyroe - B qlJt)WAoe.

: •. 1' ,AeBUJ AAS! 6YAywero maKOB: -Bceraa aacrnoposce-. Husmo ttl·AOh)KHO aacmarns sac BpacnAOx, nornovy -rrno Bbl 06AYMblBa~ np06AeMbJ u mpyauoc mu paHb we ~ '-IeM OHU B03HUKalOm.

ecrno moro '-Imo6b[ rnepsrns speMSI B Me~max 06 y l1a YHOM _epweHuu AeAa, nornpyzurnecs u npocxumaume Ka)KAb1U

fI03M.O>K • 6-

iiO HbJU C au U Ka)KAYK> 3anaAHH)~ B xomopy 10 B bl MO>Keme

_ necms, YeM a bl AaAbHOB UAHee, \.]eM Ha 60Abwee liUCAO uraros .. nepeA cmpoume CBOU nAaH, meMo Mory urecrnseaaee cmaHOBUItII:Cb.

.~ A

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.... 1 At\SI mo F.

. . ro, '-l:mOvbJ Konumb npOWl\bJe 06UAbl U mOI..[Umb Ha

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.R zo 60ptLA c eoe:

KaKUe H.yJKHbl cpeocnuia, YXUUjpe1{Wl, CKOAbKO PaJAW(.H.blX ucxyccms, KaKOC npUAe)KaHUe mpe6yemcs 1feAO 8eJry, '-l1n06bt 806ecmu 00 cosepuiexcmsa ctioe YMeHue o6MaHbltJamb Bpyeux,

u 6AalOaapJl 311WMy pasuootipasuio MUP cmauoeumcx npexpacuee.

¢paH':leCKO Ber-ropn, COBpeMeHtil1K 11 Apyr MaKl1aBeAAJ1~ HaqaAO XVI nexa

Ilpunuunos Hem, ecm» AU1Ub Co6Nmus. Hem xopome- 20 u lUOXOlOt ecms mOAbKO oticmosmexsctruia. BblClUUU 1feA.08eK ombaemcs cooumuss« U 06- cmosmexncmiiaxc

c me.\(, umoti»: Hanpa6AJlmb ux. ECAU 6bZ cyzqecm606aAu

J I PUH.l1U1l1iL U He3b16- AeMble 3 axOH.b1.J 'Hapoin« He usueussu 6bt ux uodotnca

mOMY, KaK Mbt AWH.JleM py6aw1(u~

a omiiex» 'Htm't tte.A.ofin: He uoxem )Ke npesocxooum» tjeAblU napoit csoeo xcyopocmvio .

Oaope Ae DaAb3aK, 1799-1850

25

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27

uee nASmSlm - xero OHa HaM cmoum It. B03MO)KHO, B bE Ao6bemece caoeu uexu, U 1KeAaHHOu uexu, HO KaKOU ueHOU? npUMeHSlUme srnorn crnaaeaprn KO BceMY t K npussepy, ecxu B bl pewaeme, compYAHU'-Iamb AU saM C KeM-mo UAU npueerame AU K ero nOMOWU. B KQHUe KOHUOB t .>KU3Hb xopornka, YUCAO B03MO)KH?Cmeu OrpaHU'"IeHO, a saura 3HeprU5I KQHe'-lHa. - H B 3'mOM CMblCAe apeMSI max )Ke saJ1{HQ npuuusiarrn, BO BHUMaHue, KaK U Apyrue ueHHocmu. HUKor Aa He rnpamsme AparoueHHoe B peM~ UJ\-U Y MupomeopeHHoe COCmO.s:lHUe eauiero pa3y Ma na AeAa Apyrux arne CAUWKOM sopor a51 ueue.

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meM 6oi\ee co6CffiBeHHOMY MUHucmpy cpUHaHc08. Ha CMeHY t'VyKe A1OAOBUK nocmeeux )KaHa 6amucma KOAb6epa, 4eAOBeKa~ uasecmaoro CBoeU ckynccmeio u caMblMU mYCKAblMU npueMaMU B napU)Ke. Ko" boep YAocmOBepUACSl, ~mo AeHbru ueyrn U3 Ka3~ Hbl nps:JMO B PYKU AH)AOBUKa. Ha ornu lleHbru AH).t..OBUK Bb1cmpo· UA asopeu, AaJK.e OOhee SeAUKQAenHbJU, '-IeM 3aMOK Cl)yKet - 3HaMeHumblu Bepcax bCKUU ABopeu. OH npur It.aCUA mex JKe apxumexrnopoe, AeKopamopOB u caAOB HUKOB. B Bepcexe AIOAOBUK ycrnpauaax npeasaecmea, no POCKOWU U 6AeCKY npeBOCXOAUB wue morn, aa KaKOU <PyKe aanxarnux ca060AOU.

AaBaume paccwornpuw curnyeuuio. B mom aexep. KorA8 ¢YKe YAU BAfiA AlOAOBUKa KaCKaAOM 3peAUW, Ka1KAOe U3 xomopblX 3amMeBaAO npeaeiayuiue, eMY npeacmaaxaxoc», ... mo OH B b!Ka3blBae m CBOEO npeaenxocrns u sepaocms KOPOAlO. OH He mOAbKO He O.>KUAaA, xrno npa3AHUK AU ururn ero MUt\ocmu KOPOASI, HO noxeras. xmo AeMOHcmpauuSl ero rnoaxoro exyca, CBSl3eu u nony t\51pHocmu caexaern ero He3aMeHUMbiM AASI KOpOA5t U noxascern mOMY, KaKOU nepea HUM npexpecasni Ka.HAUAam B nepe sre M.U HUCmpbl. Ha AeAet OAHaKo, Ka)KAblU HOBbUi cneKmaKAb, K8)KAaS[ BOCmOp>KeHHaSl YAbl6Ka aa xuuax rocrneu <:DyKe B bl3b1Sai\a y I\lO.6.0B UKa noaoapeaue, xrno ero coecmseaasre Apy3bSl U nOAAaHHble 60Aee oxapoaaasr MUHUcmposi cpUHaHCOB, f..IeM caMUM KopOAeM, f.lmo ¢YKe, no cyweerne y ~ noxumux era 6oramcmso U axecms. BMecmo mora 1..fm06bl no" scmums !\IOAOB UKY XIV, U3blCKaHHbiU npa3AHUK <l>YKe 3alle" ero caMOAlO6ue, ocxopou» KopOAeBCKoe AocmOUH~ crnao, Pa3Y Meemcs:J, 1\ 10.6.0 B UK HUKOMY He omxpeix 6b[ npaBAbl - BMecmo srnoro OH Ha urex nOAo6alOWUU npeaxor ~ y.mo6bl u36aeUmbC.sI om t.teAOBeKa. KOmOpbI1J, caM rnoro He >KeAaSJ, aecmae Uh ero ouiyrnume ueyeepeaaocms.

TaKOBa t B mou UJ\ U UH OU cpopMe, CYAb6a acex, xrno nouramaem B X03.s1UHe ~yB crneo yaepeuxocrnu, 32J1AeHem ero rnuiecxaa ue UAU aacrnasurn YCOMHumbC5I B ero npeBOCXOAcmBe.

K ozda npesonu« Ha4aJlC.fiJ ct>YKe 6bUl Ha eeptuune »upe.

K KONJ.{Y e20 Oft OKd3aJlC.R H.a one.

Boxsmep, 1694-1778

C06AOfiEHHE 3AKOHA

8 HaYaAe 1600-x rOAOB umaAbSlHCKUU acrnpoaow U MameMamUK raAuAeu OKa3aAC:s:J B weKomAUBOM nOAO)f(eHUU. Om uieapocmu tuAbHblX Mupa cero 3aB ucexo, CMO.>Kem AU OH aecrnu HaY"IHble 'UCCAe.o.oaa HUSi I a 3Hay.um~ KaK U Bee Y4eHble B03pO)KAeHU)1, ~Hor Aa Aapu rns CBOU uaoopemeaus U ornxpsirnus HaUOOAee MOwecmseHHbrM noxpoeumexwo. OAHa)KAb]~ uanpussep, OH npenoa-

C usooperneaa bUJ. UM noea HbJU KOMnac repuory r onaara.

33

3ameM OH nOCBRmUA KHUryt OO"bSJCHSllOWYlO AeUCmBUe smoro npueopa, AOMY MeAUliu. C OAHOU cmopoast, npaSumeARM 6b1Ao AecmHO~ C ApyrOU - c ux nOMOWblO raAUAeU CMOr H8UmU OOAbWe y .... eHUKOB. SHe 3aBUCUMocmu om 3Ha~UMocmu omKpblmuS[ noxpoBumeAU OObl"lHO Harpa)l(.6.8AU y\.{eHoro nOAapKaMUi nxamume HaAUy.HblM.U OblAO He npuasmo. Pa3YMeemCSlt >Kumb npUXOA.UAOCb B nocmOSlHHOU HeysepeHHocmu, u raAUAeu peWUA ucxams 60Aee

xerxue nymu.

Hoeyio cmpamerUJo OH npUMeHUA 8 1610 rOAY, xoraa omKpblA

cnymHuKu IOnumepa. BMecmo rnoro 'im06bl pa3AeAUmb omKpblmue Me>K.6.Y C80UMU nOKpOBumeAjilM,U - nOMpumb OAHOMY mesecxon, KomopblM nOAb30BahCSI, nocesmums APyroMY KHUry u m. A.~ - K8K AeA8A npe>KAe~ OH peWUA ccpOKycupoBamb YCUAWl H8 MeAU'fu. MeAu"IU 6btAU U36paHbl UM no OAHOU npu-tuae: ecxope nocxe more KaK B 1540 rOAY K03UMO I QCHOB8A AUHacmUlO MeA.uy.u~ OH Bbl6paA IOnumepat CaMoro .M.orywecmBeHHoro U3 6oroB, CUM50t\OM. .boOM-a MeAU4U - CUMBOAOM BA8cmu, xornopas npocmupaAacb Bblwe nOAumUKU U AeHert BAacmu~ BOCXOAJlWeu K ApeBHeMY PUMY u era

6o)Kecms8M.

raAuAeu npeAcmaBuA omKpblmue UM cnymHuKoB IOnumepa

KaK c06blmue KOCMU'-IeCKorO Macwma6a~ Bocne8alOwee BehU1.fUe MeAu'-Iu. Bcxope nocxe omxpsunua OH OO'b.Sl8UAt xmo -srpKue 3Be3AbJ (cnymHuKu IOnumepa) oObSlBUAUCb 8 He6ecax- nepes ero meAeCKonOM B MOMeHm xopoaauuu K03UMO II. OH 38S1BUAf -uno KOAU"IeCmBO AyH - xemupe - cosnaaaem C 'R)CAOM '"IAeHOB AOMa MeAu .... U (y KOCUMO 11 6blAO mpu 6pama) u l{Jl10 AyHbl spauiaiomcs aoxpyr IOnumepa, KaK semeipe CbJH8 oopeuraomcs sospyr KOCUMO I, OCHOBameh:5il AUHacmuu. 3mo Ob'AO 60Abwe~ "1eM npocrnoe COBn8AeHue, smo YKa3bIBaAO, .... mo CaM-O HeOO ompascaem BOCXO>K.a.eHue AUHacmuu M.eAU'"IU. nOCAe moro KaK OH nOCBSImUA omKpb5mue MeAU1.lU~ fa.AUAeu nOAromOBUA 3M6AeM.Y, U300pa>KalOWYIO IOnumepa, cussuiero Ha CO-haKe B OKpYJKeHUU l..(emblpeX 38e3At u npeAcmaeUA ee K03UMO II KaK CUMBOA ero CB.H3U co

3Be3AaMU.

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ABOpHblM q,UAOCOq,OM U Ma.meMamuKoM, Ha nOAHOM )K8AoeaHbe . .llASI Y"IeHorO srno 6b1AO }KU3HeHHO B8>KHOU YAa~eu. BpeMSI~ xor Aa OH~ nOA06Ho HuweMY, BblnpawusaA no/~u, 6blAO n03aAU.

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OAHUM YAapoM. - CBoeU HOBOU cmpamerueu - raAuAeu AOOUACSJ

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Bee BA8cmu npe.a.ep>Kawue xornsrn exucmems 60Aee Apyrux

hlO.6.eU.

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bwe cxae bll t.teM paaee I AapSi. UM KaKue-Hu6y.tt.b HOBbie Hble n pU60Pbl UAU ornspumus.

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mb noxposurnexs no-ryacmeoaams ce6S1 YSl3BAeHHblM, 6y.lt.mo Hy>KeH mOAbKO AJ\SI c50eB peMeHHOU onAambl pa6omb1t - H.3Slt He6AaropOAHaSl pOt\b. nOcmaHOB WUK sexuxoro '_'U5 xoxern ouryuiarns ce6SJ He npocmo nocmaBWUKOM Mamepu .. "bHbiX cpeacrne. OH 1KeAaem B srr ASlllemb mBOpyeCKOU U .fIPKOU N,.I'IHOCmblO, Ka3ambC5I 60Aee Sa)KHblM, ~eM ma paeome, Komo,_.. BbTnOAHeHa B ero yecmh. BMecmo 1..f}'8cmsa HeYBepeHHocmu IfW AOA>KHb[ &amb UM cAaBy. CSOUM omxpsirnuea raAUheu He tpocUA 8bl308 UHmeAAeKmyahbHblM cnocoeaocmsx Me.t..u ..... u, He fIIIC'Il8B Us\. UX ucnsrma mb YHU>KeHue. 6YKsaAbHO conocrnasue UX ~CHblMU cs emUAaMU t OH nowor UM BeAUKOAenHO BQCcuJtmb pu ABOPOB J.1maI\Uu. OH He 3amMU"- rOCnO.6.UHa~ a nossor f'O"O.4.UHY aarnsiums ecex apyrux .

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HHb]e B ceee OOAb we Apyrux t ueyeepeausre l..IYAOB UWHO.

35

Bb1 MO)l{eme 3aCAOHumb UX CBOUM 06a5lHUeM u npuaaexamexenocrneio, CBOUCffiSaMU BaWeU Hamypbl.

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B 1500 rOAY -leaape 60PAJKua npeAnpuHs:JA ocaey ¢aeHubL Kor aa ropoa 6blA OKpy)t(eH t >KUmeAU O}KU.ta.aAU xyauiero om }KeCmOKoro Bopexcua, HO OH OrpaHU\iUAc.SI AUWb meM, -rmo 3aH5iA ropoacxue yKpenAeHUSI, He Ka3HUA HUKoro U3 ropoxcaa U n03BOAUA KH5l31O MaH¢,peAU, mer Aa BoceMHaAuamUAemHeMY, coxpasums nOAHyJO CBo6oAY U eecs ero ABOp.

Bcxope, OAHaKO, COAAambl npenpOBOAUAU Acmoppe MaHcppeAU B PUMCKYIO miOPbMY. Cnycms rOA ero 06HapY>KUAU ymonAeHHblM B T uope, c npuBsnaHHblM Ha ureio KaMHeM. 60PAJKua onpaaaax ceoe ymacHoe Ae5lHUe cq,aopUKOBaHHblM 06SUHeHueM B rocyaapcmsenHOll U3MeHe~ HO UCmUHHa51 npUYUHa KpblAaCb B mOM, limo OH 6blA Ype3B blLlaUHO rmuecxaeea U aeysepea B ce6e. IOHowa 3amMeBaA ero 6e3 MaAeu wero YCUAUSI. Ilpupoaaes oaapeaaocrns M.aHcppeAU npespauraxa cassoe ero cyuiecmeoaanue B yrpooy rnoro, xmo 50pA}KUa Ha ero cpOHe 6YAem Bblr A5.I.6.emb MeHee npuaxexernexsHblM u nomepsem CBOlO, KaK Mb1 roeopuw, xapU3MY. YpOK npocm: ecxu BbJ He MO)Ke me c Kpb1mb ceoe 06aSlHue u npeBOCXOAcmBOt U36er aume acmpex C nOA06HblMU 4YAOBuwaMU rnurecxaaus. ECA U 1Ke ecmpexe HeU36e1'KHa. nocrnapaumecs He npOS!BASlmb CBOU AocmOUHcmBa B oeurecrns e Heaape DopA1Kua.

. 'Brnopoe: uusoraa He Bo06pa)KaumeJ xrno, eCAU rocnoaus aac A106um Bbl BOAbHbJ AeAamb xmo xomume. MO>KHO Hanucamb He

I .

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.... mo OHU npUHSlJ\U csoe nOAO}l{eHUe 06AacKaHHblX sa n03BOAeHue 3amMumb axacrnex UHa. B :sJnOHUU KOHua XVI eexa cpasopumOM B ceMorywero npas umexs T oesiornu XUA3UOWU 6blA 1.(ehOBeK no UMeHU CeHHO PUKIO. Bet..ywuu XYAO>KHUK l.[aUHQU uepewoauu, KOmOpOu. a mo speMs:J 6blAa O,Aep>KUMa 3Hamb, OH cmax O.4.HUM U3 .6.0BepeHHb[X COBemHUKOB XUA3UOWU, UMeA coocmaeaasre anapmaMeHmbl eo 4Bopuet npocxae UhC5I no aceu ~nOHUU.

limo JKe? B 1591 ro.lJ.Y no npuxasy XUA3'UOWU OH 6bM apecmoeea u npuroaopea K c~epmu. PUKlO ycnex nOKOH\.fUmb C cooou. [lpuxune cmoxs pesxou nepeMeH~ q,opmyHbl ornxpsrxacs n03AHee: no-a UAUMOMY ~ PUKJQ, B npowAoM xpecmsaaua, a 3ameM ¢asopum npu .ABopet 3aKa3aA AepeB51HHYIO cmemyio, U300paJKaJOwylO era caworo s uapcrns eHHou noae U ooymoro B C8HA"hUU (CUMBOA npUHaAhe>KHOC mu K apucmoxpamuu). OH pacnopasuxcs nocmasums ¢>urypy B caMbui 3Ha"lUmeAbHblu xpaM sayrnpu .6.BOP:

UOBblX apam, Ht1 BU6.Y Y xopoxeacxou ceMbU, Yacmo coaepureeureu npory J\KU HenOAaAeKY . .AA:s:J XUA3UOWU smo O:3Ha ~aAO~ 4mo y PUKH'J Hem ~yBcmBa Mepbl. Boo6pa3UB ~ \.:Imo UMeem pasasre npasa c B epXOBHOU 3HambJOt OH 3a6blA, -imo ero nOAO}KeHUe aasucexo om

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u. Bee amo npu rOAUmC.fI B mom AeHbt xor Aa BaM npuaern nOAH.SImbCSI ua 60Aee BbJCOKYlO emyneHbKY. ECAU, KaK .... u ,,,. eu, B b! Mom e me nOMOYb BAacmumeAJO 3aCU5Imb llam.e B aex z.pyrux - B bl npocmo aap 60r06 U AOA»{Hbl 6y aerne eHHO B03BblcumbCSL

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U _ He conepauxeu C CUSlHueM csemuee:

Ay .... we no6AeKHymb. yumu C He60CKhQHa u seumu cnoc06 yBeAUyumb spxocrruCBe\feHUSJ rocnoeu ua.

AemopumemHoe MHeHue. -Cmepeucs He aaCAOHSimb rocnoausa. AI060e npeBOCXOAcmBO omspamumehbHO, HO npeeocxoscmeo saccaA8 HaA ero KHSl3eM He npocrno rxyno, OHO cpamalt.bHO. )mo ypox, xornopsnl HaM npenoaejorn 38e3A.bl B HeOe~ - OHUt B03MO)KHOt CpOAHU COAHUY u max me .sIpKO cuaiom, HO HUKorA3 He nO:;lBhSllOmCSl 8 ero oeurecmse- (6al\bma.3ap rpauuaH~ 1601-1658).

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C06AJOAEHHE 3AKOHA (2)

B cepeAuHe 1920-x rOAOB BAusrmeAbHbre SOeHayaAbHUKU 3¢uo~uu OC03HaA U, -rrno MOAOAOO apucrnoxpem no UMeHU Xa uAe :) eAaccue, OH me Heryc (coxpauiea H bllJ mumYA uMnepamopa otuonuu AO ynpa3.6.HeHU5I MOHapxuu B 1975 rOAY) Pac Terpapu,

XOAum ux B xoaxypeamuou Bopboe u npuoA uxcaemca MO-

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MeHmt xor aa OH CMO>Kem npOB03rAaCUmb ce6st: ux 1\U.6.epOM~ 06beAUHUB crnpauy uneps ble sa MHorue .o.ecSlmUi\emu ~. 50AbWUHcmso ero conepaux OB He Mor AU nousms, KaK YA8AOCb 3mOMY U3S1UlHOMY ~ cnOKOUHOMY 4eAOBeKY C HeSblpa3umeAbHblMU MaHepa· MU nO.6.1..JUHUmb ce6e acex. yt Bee }Ke B 1927 rOAY Cexaccue crnax no OAHOMY Bbl3blsamb BoeHa~ar\bHUKOB B AAAuc-A6eoy ~ l.{moObl OHU npU3H8i\ u ero r AaBOU rocyaapcmaa u noama epeuxu CBOJO AOsrA bHocmb.

OAHU ObJAU B CMSlmeHUU, Apyrue KOAe6aAUCb, U AU Wb OAUH,

h.e)Ka3MaX 5aA4a U3 CUAaMo, OCMeAUACSI ornxpstrno He nOBUHOeamscs. 6aA4a 6blA 3anaAbt.CUBblM LleAOBeKOM, ucmUHHblM soeaHblM U C1.{UmaA aonoro PYKOBOAumeA.sJ cAa6bIM U HeAocmOUHblM. OH He n05lBi\5II\C.SI B cmoxuue. B KOHue KOHUOB Cexaccue c npucyuieu eMy Bei'KAUBOU, HO mBepAOU MaHepou npuxaaaz, 6aA'ia >iB urn bCSL BoeH3 yaA b HUK peWUi\ nOB UHOBa mscs. HO noruamamscs cnymarns Kapmbl npemestaexrna Ha 3cpuonCKUO mpou: OH 3aAYMaA npuosirm, B AAAuc-A6eoy c apwueu 1.:IUCAeHHocmblO B 10 000 yeAOBeK ~ CUAOU AoemamoJ..tHouf '"ImOOb[ ooecnesums CBOIO Oe30naCHocmb. a B03MOl'KHOt paaeaaarns rpa)K.6.aHcKyJO B OUHy . Pa3MecmuB CBOUX aOUHOB 6 AOAUHe B mpex MUASiX om cmOAUUb]~ OH JKAaA, CAOBHO 6b]A KopOAeM. Cexaccue .4.0A>KeH 6b[A caM nauecrnu eMy BU3um.

C exaccue AeUCffiB umeAbHO -repea rOHUOB npucxax 5aA -re npur AaweHue BO ABopeu ua npuew, ycmpoea H blU B ero sec rns. Ho 6aA~a 6b]A Hert· .. yn U 3HaA ucmopuio - eMy obrAo usaecmxo, limo npem H ue BQ>KAU U KOpOA U 3q,uonuu -racmo ycmpaua aA u npueMb]aa n3AHU. Bo .6.Bopue Cexaccue Mor npusaaams cxsamurns U y6umb ero. Ymo6bl .6.amb noasrru, \{mo eMY SlCHO nOAO)f{eHUe eeureu, oaA -ra cor AaCUACs:I npuosrme aa npaaenux, HO mOAbKO C oxpauou - urecrnsjo COmH}lMU AYYWUX coxaarn, BoopY>KeHHbIX U rornoaux aauiuuiams ero u ce6st. K YAuBAeHuJO Baxxa, Cexaccue OyeHb AK)6e3HO omsemux, xmo novmem aa l.Iecmb npUHJlmb y ceoSl maKUX 3aCAymeHHbix BOUHOB.

no Aopore 68A '-I a seAeA COAAamaM He numb MHoro U Oblmb nasexy. KOfAa OHU npuexaxu BO aaopeu, Cexaccue 6blA caMO paayuiue. no mOMY, KaK OH oopauraxcs C 5aA\{a~ MO)KHO 6blAO pe w u m b, -uno 60/1. b we acero OH HY>KAa i\CSJ UMeHHO B ero nOA.6.ep)K Ke U oAo6peHuu. Ho 6aA -ta He nOAA.aACSl 06a5lHUIO U npeaynpeaux Cexaccue: eCAlJ. OH He sepaernca B xareps AO 3aXOAa COAH ua, ero BOUCKa ua 4Hym -rac my nxeaue Ha crnoxuuy, Cexaccue, nOXO)Ke, 6b]A 60AbHO aaz.ern maKUM HeAOBepueM. 80 apeMSl 06eAa, xore,a nOAOWl\O B peMSl: tl.ASJ mpaAuuuoHHblX necea B xecms 3¢uoncKux BO)t(Aeut OH npuxeaex aocneearns oauoro mOAbKO B O>KASl U3 CUAaMo. 5aAya noxeaaxocs. y.~o Cexaccue ucnyrau U nOAaSAeH ~ HaXO.ll.SlC b PSl:AOM c maKUM Betr. ~KUM B OUHOM, Komopblu K mowy xce OKa3aAC5I. Hen01l.KynHblM. n01.{YBcmBoBaB nepeweay, 5aA Y:a YJKe pew UA, -rmo crnax X03S1UHOM nOAO)KeHUSl:.

1

6",u)Ke K ae-repy Bax-ra u ero coxaarru,r asrcmynuxu B oopernnsru nyrns nOA npueemcmseuasre KPUKU U pY>KeUHb[U caAlOm. Ort\5IAblBa}lCb sepea nxe-ro Ha cmOAUUYI OaA'·la cmpoux nAaHbr t npe.o.c ma BASl:5f j KaK yepe3 ct.tumaH Hble HeAeAU ero co6cmSeHHbJe COAAambl C mpUYMcpOM npourecrnayiom no crnoxuue, KCJK Cexaccue 6YAem CXBal..[eH U aarno-ieu B mfOPbMy UAU Ka3HeH. OAHaKo, nOAbexas K t..arepKl, 6aAya nOH5IAt xrno npOU30WhO He4mo yxcacuoe. TaM t rae ewe ympOM~ HaCKOAbKO Mor B usems r "a3, npocrnupaxucs pa3HOUB em Hbre wa mpsi, rneneps KYPUAUCb AUWb AbJMKU om norauieausrx xocrnpoa. Limo sa Ab.SJBO/\ scxoe H a e.a)K.6.eH ue?

CSUAemeAb paCCKa3aA~ smo npouaourxo. 80 apeM5I npaaaxuxa BO ABopue 6oAbwoe BOOCKO noa KOMaHAOBaHueM coparnauxa Cexaccue n oAKpaAocb K apMu U 6aA ya no 60KOBOU aopore, xomopyio OH He 3CtMemUi\. BOOCKO. OAHa KO, He ccoupaxocs Ha t-IUHamb 500: 3HaSl, srno, ycxsnuae wy M cpascenua, baA ya co C80UM u meAoxpaHumeASiMu KUHemC5.I xe nOMOWb, Cexaccue aoopyscux CB oe BOUCKO KOp3uHKaMu C 30AomOM u AeHbr aMU. OKPYJoKUB aouaos 6aAya, OHU crnaxu BblKynamb y HUX opyxcue. TeM. xrno ornxaasraaxca, yrpoasaxu CMepmbK>. 3a C1..JUmaHHble .... acsr uexas apwust 6aA'-la 6bli\a pa30pY>KeH8 U COJ\Aarnbl pa36e>KaAUCb xmo xyaa,

nOH5IB f B KaKOU OH ana C Hos:mu, BaA l..Ja peurux YXOAumb ue or co CB OUMU 600 COAAamaMU I ym06bl maM neperpynnupoSambC5IJ HO mo me BOUCKO~ t.Jmo paacpyxcuxo era apMU[(), ecrnaxo Ha ero nymu. LlpyruM Bb[XOAOM 6blA Mapw Ha crnoxuuy t HO maM O)KUAaA Cexaccue c 601\ bWOU apMueCt~ rornoaou K ooopone. KaK waXMamHbJU urpox, C exaccue npoC"IUmblsaA Bee uraru 6aN-fa u nepSbJM nocmanux eMY Mam. BnepBble B }f{UJHU 6aA'-Ia 6blA OKpY>KeH. OH OKOH'"lUA CBOU AHU 8 M.OHacmblpe, Ka5lCb B rpexe ropauau u cawoyaepeaaocmu.

TOAKOBAHHE

3a AOAruu nepuoa ua pcrnaoa aH U5[ Cexacc u e HUKmo He CMor noasms ero AO KOHua. 3cpuonaM xpes urncs a i\UAepaX CUAa ~ A8>Ke CB upenocrns, HO Cexaccue ~ cera oOAU KOM MSITKoro M.UPOAJ06uBoro -rexoaexa, np06brA Ha rnpoxe AOAbwe AlOooro U3 HUx. HUKorAa He BbJXOAUSWUU U3 ceos, He AonYCKBBWUU acnblweK raeaa, OH 3aB AeKaA CBOU >KepmSbl CAaAKUMU YAb]6- K8MUt y6aJOKUB aJ\ UX C nOMOWbJO ceoero a6aSlHUSlt yrO)f{.6.aA UM ~ npe>K.6.e YeM Ha nacrns. B cAyJ..tae c 6aA ya Cexaccue CbfrpaA H3 BQUHcmseHHocmu BO>K4Sf U ero noaoapeuusx, srno npuew OKa>Kemc.sl 3anaAHeO, - aa naAHSl" Aeu em B U meAbHO Ob]A a Aa rnOAbKO COBceM He maMt rz,e ee MOJKHO 6blJ\O O)Ku.&.amb.j TOf KCliK Cexaccua pacceax cmpaxu 6aA'-Ia - nOJ80AUB eMY B351mb c cooou BO llBopeu oxpauy, OKa3aB eMy nouecmu, AaB eMY

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nouyecrns oaarns, '-I mo ero n03UUUU CUA bHbl, - SIB UAOCb rycmou neAeHOO AblMa~ sa xornopou He 6blA U B UllHb! ero ucmus H ble AeDe me USl B mpex MUA5IX om crnoxuusr,

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ecero 06MaHY rns, Flocmapaumecs aasoeeerru, UX aoaepue a.

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npaBUAbHO pacnoxoscexaas AblMOBaSi aaeeca - MOWHoe opyxc ue. HM U BOC nOAb30B8ACfI Xauxe Cexaccue j 1..[mOObl ua rOADBy pasou rns B para 6e3 eAU uoro B blC mpexe.

Eoumece HeaOOL(eH ueem b e.nacmb T :Xp3 pu. OH K peoemc fi~ KaK ... \tbIWb, HO 4e;1.I0Cmu y H.e20~ KaK y Jlb6a. (Flocxez.xue CAQBa 6aAtia U3 CUAaMO

nepez, YXOAOM B MOHacmblpb)

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OHU n puaaiorn CBOUM. 3aMbICAaM B UA xero-rno n pUB bIYHOrO,

6aHaAbHoro u 6e3BpelJ.HOro. B cAyyae c :>KeAmblM MaAb1WOM BeUAOM U C :3MOM .6.* U3Ui\OM npus bl~HblM AeAOM 6blA 6U3Hec. B ")cpuonCKOM cxy-rae smo 6blAO BBOASlwee B 3a6AYJKAeHUe paeoxenue Cexaccue ~ UMeHHO maxoro nOSeAeHU5I Oi'KUAaA 5a" -ta om BOeHayaAbHUKa, ycrnyneiouiero eMY B CUAe.

KaK mOAbKO B b1 ycstnurne B HUMaHue sauiux }KepmB meM, xero OHU O)KUAaAU, OHU nomepaiorn cnocooaocms 3aMe1..[amb ODMaH np5.lMO y ce6Si aa cnUHOU. 3mo 06b.s:JCHSlemC5I npocrnou ucrnu HOU: 1\ IO.6.U Mory m cocpeaomovurnscx mOAbKO aa 4eM-mo OAHOM B Oh.UH ompeaox BpeMeHU . .6.ASl HUX CAUWKOM CAO}KHO npeacme B urns ceoe, -imo cUMnarnU1.:IHbHJ U 6e36 peAHb]U ~eAOBeK MO)f{em B mo me BpeMSl -rmo-mo 3aMblWASlmb. LleM cepee u opsuaapaee AblM sa uieu aas ecsi, ~M Aer4e cKpblmb nauru HaMepeHU.s:I. Y1cnoAb3YSl mexHuKY AO>KHb[X Cl\eAOB U AOByweK, -tmo OOCY>K.AaAOCb 8 4acmu 1, B bJ axmu B HO SB OAU me I\JOAeU B 3a6A y)KAeHUe; AbJMOB as[ aaeeca nor-tor a em ycsmu mb npocma Ka u 3aMaHumb ero B cemu. 3mo runaornuaupyern U UMeHHO n03moMY AyYWe acero noworaern cKpblmb BdWU HaMepeHu.sr.

64

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Hauooxee npocmas 4>opMa AblMOBQU sa seCb1 - Bbl paxcexue xuua. Cnpsrnaeurucs aa pacnoxarajouryio. He 04eHb Bblpa3Urnex bHylO BHeWHocmb, MO>KHO nxaaupos a m b 1\ J060e 3AoAeucrneo, HUKmo U He AoraaaemcSl. 3muM opyxcue-i nOAb30BaAUCb MHorue Mory wee mBeHH ble ucrnopu-recxue AeSimeAU. TaK, U3Becrnao, LImo y ¢paHKA UHa A. PY3B eA sma 6brAO cosepureuxo HenpOHuuaeMoe AUUO. Bapoa A)KeUMC PomWUAbA BCJO )K U3Hb nOAb30BaACSl 3mUM npueMOM t n pst4a ucrnuxa ere Mb1CAU sa WUPOKUMU paAYWHbrMu YAbJOKaMU UJ\U HeonpeAeAeHHb1Mu B3rA5IAaMU. CmeHAaAb n ucax a T axeupexe: ~ HUKor Aa He 6blAO Ha ceerne xuua, no kornopowy rnpyaaee Ob1J\O 6b1 xumems-. I'eapu KUCCUH.6.JKep AOB Ots.UA AO CAe3 CB DUX onnonearnoa aa cmOAOM neperosopoe MOHomOHHb1M rOi\OCOM, HeBblpa3umeAbHblM BU~ AOM, 6eCKOHe1.fH brM nepex uc AeHueM AemaAeu, aa meM OH Bapyr owapawu BaA UX ~ npec bSlBA5.!SI cnu COK CMei\ srx mpeoosa HUll. 3acmurHymbie spacnxox, OHU "erKO n03BOi\s:lAU ceos yroaopums. Born KaK smo 06b5.lCHS[emc~ B OAHOM y\.le6HuKe urpsi B noxep: <lPa3bJrpblBcsr CBOJO cAa4y~ xopouruu urpox pezxo axrnepcmeyem, BMecmo amoro OH B br6upaem HeB b!pa3UmeA bHylO MaHepy nOBeAeHU~, max xrno no HeMY susero HeAb3Sl nposurna ms: amo ny maem U Aep)KUm B HanpSii'KeHUU naprnaePOB, mpe6yem om HUX 60Ab uieu xoxuenrnpauuu •.

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.xoxerncn B epurns B ucxpeunocrru, 6AarOp0.A.HblX nocrnynxos, nornossy -rmo aepurns B arno UM npusrnno. PeAKO OHU OC03Ha~ IOm~ KaK 06MaHYU B b1 Mory m 6blmb nocmynxu.

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Apy r aSl 3¢cpeK mu B H a51 pa3HOB usnocrm, AbrMOB au 38 sec bl _ 3aKOHOJo1.epHOCmb, rno ecrru, cepus aeucmBUU, xomopare aac-

maSA.snom sceprne y nOB epums, limo B bJ 6YAeme npOAOA)Kamb AS umeHue B mOM >Ke HanpaSAeHUU. 3aKOHOMepHocmb 06blrpbIBaem nCUXOAoru\{eCKUU npuxuun O)KUAaHUSl: Hawe noaeaeaue yxxa.dbJBaemc.sr B JaKOHOMepHocmu~ a MO)Kemt HaM HpaBumcSI max AYMamb.

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MeHbwe nOA03peHU U Bbl B staoaerne. Bo B peMst neyaAbHO uaaecrn-

HOlt XOAOAHOU BOUHbl MHorue 6pumaHCKue rocyaapcrneeaasre 'iUHOB HUKU 3aHUMaAUCb nepeaaseu cexpernxou UHcpopMauuu cosemcxou cmopose. B mesexue AOAroro speMeHU UX He MorA U pacxpeime, nOCKOhbKY OHU 6bJAU «CBOUMU napHSJM.U ~, Y\.fUAUCb a npue UAerupOBBHHb[X \{aCmHblX WKOAax, npexpacao snUCbmaSiCb B Ao6ponopSiAOLIHoe oouiecmeo UX BbmYCKHUKOB. MUMUKPU.sr - Ay'"iWee npuxpsimue AASJ urnuoaa, L[eM AYYWe BbE eio OBAaAeeme, meM Aer'-le BaM CKpblBamb ucmuansie HaMepeHUSI.

nOMHume: mpeoyemcs rnepneaue ... U cwupesue, 'imo6bl, npur"YWUB spxue KpaCKU, HaAemb He npuaxexajouiyio BHUMaHUSi MacKy. He orop-reumecs. ecxu npuaerncs xocums HeB stpaau rnexsHylO AU tiUHY, - '"lac mo UMeHHO ee xenpoauuaescocrm, npuexexeern K HaM 1\ IOAeu U n pus.aern HaM B U.6. 1.feAOSeKa, npULJaCmHOro K axacmu.

66

06 pe»: OBe~b~ uncypa, Os ua He orpaourn, OBua He npeaacrn, 08 ua Heaep05JmHO rhyna u 6e306UAHa. C OSeYbeO W Ky pou H8 cnuue AUcu ue AerKO npoopamsCSI nps:JMO B xypsrnxux.

Asrno pumemHO€ J.1.H.eNue. "npUXO.6.UAOCb AU BaM CAblwamb 06 UCKyCHOM nOAKOaO.6.Ue. KOmOPb]U~ coeupascs saxeamurns xpenocms. onoeeuiax 6bl o CBoeM nAaHe npomusuuxa? Cxpsraaurne CBOJO ueAb U He XB aA urnecs yc nexav u: He .t..aBaume nOH5Im b, KaK AaAeKO npocm upa iornc SI eauiu pacYembl, AO mex nap, noxa UM -rmo-rno MO)Kem noweuiarns, noxa 6umaa He OKOHyeHa. OAep>KUaaOme noeesy ewe AD ODbstBAeHU5I BOUHb1. OAHUM CAOB OM, noepa»; aume BoeHHblM, Y.bU HaMepeHUSJ HeU3B ecmHbl HUKOM Y, KpOMe mex onycmoweHHblX crnpaa, Yepe3 xomopsie OHU Y>Ke npOWAU nooeaHblM MapweM- (HUHOH Ae AaHKAo! 1623-1706).

OBOPOTHA51 CTOPOHA

Hu rycmasr nexena Ab]Ma, HU ornexeaajouiue M8iHeB Pb] I HU AO>KH8.s1: ucpeuaocms UAU apyrue YAOBKU He noworym mOMY, N. KeM yme np04HO 3aK penuxacs peny rnauus 06MaHwuKa. A no Mepe moro KaK B bl cmanoa urnecs cmapwe U sooueeernecs ycnexe, crnaaoe urncs Bee mpyanee MaCKuposamb CBOK) xumpoems, ECAU aeeM U Ka}KlloMY U3BecmHO~ \.fmo OOMaH Y aac B XOAY, mo, peWUB uaoopaaums HaUBHQCmb u npocmorny, Bbl npocxemerne ombSlBAeHH blM i\UUeMepOM, a amo CUi\bHO CY3um npocrnpexcrneo M.aHeBpa. B maKUX CAY4aSIX hy4we 6e3 npumaopcrnea xecrnuo npuaaamscs, t.Jmo Bbl nxym, a ewe .AYliwe - nAym paCKaS!:BWUUCSI. Bac He moxsko npocmsm U nOAI06stm 3a sawy UCK peunocrne, HO, -rrno cassoe YAUB urnexsaoe, Bb] CMO)Keme 6ec npensmcms eH HO npoaoxxcarru, CBOU MaXUHauuu.

C B03pa c mOM n. T. bapay M~ BeAUKUU M ucmuouxarnop XIX cmOAemU5I ~ H ay~ui\ C:;I ucnOAh30B arne CBOlO penymeuuio 8 e/\ uKoro 06MaHwuKa. QAH8>KAb! OH oprau U30saA oxomy Ha 6U30HOB B HbK)-b)KepCU, HaHs:lB UHAeuueB U npuaeas U3 zpyroro lUmama HeCK OAbKUX 6u 30HOB . OH pa3peKAaM upoaax oxomy KaK nacmosnuyio t U, xorns Bee B blr A:7IAeAO K paune HeHamypaAbHot 3pumeAU j BMec mo mora 1..J mo6bl aoa-vyrnurmscs U nompe6o- 8amb Ha3aA CBOU .6.eHbrU, npocmo BeCei\UAUCb. OHU 3HahUf

•

t..tma om 6a PHY Ma Beer Aa HaAO )KAa rns 06M(}Ha; B 3mOM 6blA cexpern era y c nexa, U aa smo ero AJOOUAU. 5apHY M U3B AeK U3 srnoro ypOK u nepecrnax cxpetaarrn, CBOU npueMbl U Aa1Ke pa306Aal.lUi\ MHorue U3 CBOUX 06MaHOB B eernoouorpaepuu. KaK nucax Ksepxerop: ~Mup X04em 6blmb oOMaHymblM)I.

Xom51 MyAPO omaxekams BHUMaHue am CBOUX uexeu, HaAeBaSl 6eCUBemHY 10 MacKY I 6blBalOm cxy-rau ~ xor Aa 60Aee n pan UAbHOU maKmUKOU oxaasrsaemcs .st:PKUU, Bblpa3umeAbHbU.l l'Kecm Ui\U nocrnynox. K pyn Heu w ue es poneucxue urapxarnaasi U MoweHHuKU XVI1- XV lll Be KOB aaaoes bIB aAU ny6A UKY c nOMOWblO ocmpoy MUs[ u of.)a.s:lHUH. 3aBOpO)KeHHb1e B el\UKOAenH b[M spexu weM apurnexu He 3aMeyaAU, ymo Ha caMOM .6.eAe HY}KHO urapxa rnaay, T ex, OAUH U3 HUX B be31'KaA B roposox B 1..JepHOU xaperne, 3anpSDKeHHOU BOPOHblMU AOWaA5IMU. 3a HUM CAe.o.oaaAU K"OyHbl~ expooemei ae xOAyi\stX U urymst, paCXSaI\UBa5.1 U npeaxaraa moxne 3AUKCUPbl U 3HaxapCKue cHaAODb5l. 3pumeAU cooupaxucs ua npeacmas AeHue; ucmuu HoD me uex bJO urapxarnaua 6blt\a npoaasca 31\UKCU POB u cnasoouu, xomopsre npekpacuo pacxoauxucs.

Cnexrnaxxu U ammpaxuuonsr, 6e3 cOMHeHU5I, npespacaeau cnoco6 cxpsrrm, eauiu HaMepeHU5I, HO UM HeA b3:s:J no/\ b30BambCS! oeCKOHe'-lHo. nYOAUK3 ycmaern, cmaHOBUmC5t nOA03pumeAbHOU u B KOHue KOHUOB M.O>Kem nouwarm, aa pyKy. Vi B caMOM AeAe ~ ura pJ\amaHaM n PUXOAUAOCb cneururns J nepeas ur aacs U3 oanoro Mec me-nee B Apyroe, noxa MOr\sa 0 6ec nOAe3HblX CHaAo6bSlX He onepeauxa ux. Ho 1\ IOAU BA3C mu C HeBblpa3Umel\ bHOU. B He WHOCmblO - Texeupansr, Pornuiuxsaer, Kuccu HA)Kepbl - Morym c y cnexov uc nOAb30B arne C BOU npuev acio }K.U3Hb~ ocmaeascs ae OAHOM Mec me. Ylx npuev HUKOr.6.a He U3HaWUBaemcSl U pe.6.KO Bbl3blBaem nOAOJpeHuSl. KpaC04HylO WUPMY MOl'KHO npUMeH~mb AUWb uaor Aa, mOI.{HO B bl6upa:fl .6.A~ srnoro aepasru MOMeHm.

seer AA rOBOPH MEHbIllE, qEM I(A.)I(ETC5I HEOBXOAl1MhIM

, '

)f( eJ1a.R n pOU36ec mu 6ne4am~1eHue C60U.MU pe-uu-u), noJ.1HUme: 4e~ 60llbwe 8b~ H.a2080pUme, me.M OOllee nOKaJK€rnece opounepnu»: U He U.MelOL4U.M peeuienoi; CUJlbl. A.a)Ke npoU3HOCSl 6aHdJlbHocmU, 6bt 6yaeme 8bl2Jl.Raemb OpU2UHall bHbl.M., eCJlU eeiuu pe I1U 6 ya ym nesu: HblJ.fU~ xesaee pWeHHbl.MU u 3a2aa04Hbt~U, KaK Cr::pUHKC. Bnusunenenue .. !Vo8u npOU380a5im ene-uunnenue u enuiueiom cmpax m€J.1J umo He0020eapU6alOm. '{e» 60JIbWe Bbl zoeopume,

mes« 6bt we Be posunnoctn» rnoeo,

l.fmo 6bi cxeoceme z.nynocmb.

. 'I

B 1944 lOOYI 6 ms)KeA.blC {JAil He 10 mat, Mait1<.A ApAeu ( KUHoc~elulpucm ) npuexax {3 HNOHapK. f.Jmo6bl «axmo om6.AettbCll om ctoux HCCt{ acmuii, OH peutux noiimu 8 suaue HZ tmblt'i peemopau «21~. B Beemutiose 011 cmosxUYACR C WMOM

fOA.Oyu1toM~ xomopbtii OaA eMy xa-

w

xou-mo 1U?UY)KHblU

co8ern - t<yHulnb 6ezo8blx sotuadeii.

B 6ape APAffl Bcmpemux Ayuca Ii. MaUepa~ cmapo2.o 1HaXOM020J cs lpOcusuieeo, xaxoti»: ezo nxasa« ua 6yOytuee. «Jl ceiocac 10- 80pUA C C9MOM r o,t.tJyunOM ... » - nasax ApAeH. «C1C'OA.bKO on SaM 1lpeOAO)iCU.l ?» -

nepetiux ezo Mailep. «He8ocmamo'l1U)>>, - )'1G\OH.l(.uiJo omsemux q~euapucm. ~y cmpoum

8ac 15 mucsx sa mpuduam» HeJeAb?» ~ cnpOCUA Mafiep. Ha ceil pas

Ap:teu He KOAe- 6aAc,fl. (tAa~~ ~ 6bu. ezo omsem.

KA~4>roH ¢Jap,I1-

MaH, * Kopaxneaaa KHI1.)Kel[Ka aHeKAOTon»

70

HAPYWEHHE 3AKOHA

rHeU Mapcuu, U3BeCmHbnJ KaK Kopuoxaa, 6bJA repoew-nosxoeoeueM. ApeBHero PUMa. B nepeou nOAOB UHe V eexa eo H. 3. OH no6eAUA BO MHorux Ba)t{HblX Cpa>KeHUSlX, He p83 cnacas ropoa om 6eAcmB uu, nOCKO"bKY 60AbWYlO seems BpeMeHU OH npOBOAUA Ha nOASIX CpaJKeHUU. HeMHorue pUMhSlHe 6bIAU 3HaKOM bl C HUM I U srno npuaasaxo eM.Y opeox AereHAapHoG AU'"IHOcmu.

B 454 rOAY AO H. 3. KOpUOi\aH peuiux, xmo nopa eMY ucnoxsaoaarns CBO!O penymauuo I ymOObl 3aHSJmbCst nOAumUKo(J. OH npUHSM yxacrnue 5 Bbl60pax Ha nocm KOHCY i\a BblCOKoro paura. no mpaauuuu B caMOM HayaAe npeaasroopaou KaMnaHUU KaHAUAambl estcrnynaxu c pe-rsio. Kor aa KapUOAaH npeacrnex nepea HapOla.OM, ma Ha 4at\ C AeMOHcmpauuu AeCSJmKOB paH U wpaMOB, nOAy1.ieHHbJX UM ae 17 xern 060pOHb] PUMa. MaAO xrno U3 ny6AuKu BCAywuBaAc.sr B MUHHYIO pe4b, xornopas nOCAeAOB8Aa aa 3-mUM; wpaMbr, aoxaaamexecrnso ero Ao6Aecmu u nampuornuasia, y MHorux Bbl3BaAU CAe3bJ. Ka3aAOCb, ycnex KopUOAaHa npeapeureu.

Kor aa me HacmaA AeHb rOI\OCOB a HUSl, KopUOAaH 51B U ..... CfI B ~opy M B con pOBO>KAeHUU scero cenarna U PUMCKUX nampuuuen, Ilpocrnsix ropO}KaH HenpU.sImHO nopaauxe :;.ma Bbl'3b[BaJOwa~ AeMOHCmpaUU5I yaepeauocrnu 8 nobeae B AeHb B bl6opOB.

Kor Act KopUOAaH CHQBa 3arOBopUA, OH oopauraxcs B QCHOBHOM K epucrnoxparnew, npuureauruw CHUM. Pe~b era Ob[A8 HaAMeHHOU, Aa>Ke ocsopoumexeaou .6.ASI HapoAa. 3a5l:BAs.s:I ° nocese Ha Bb160pax KaK 0 peweHHoM AeAet OH nOXBaA5IJ\C~ BOeHHb[MU nOAB uraau, CbInaA wymKaMU, CMeWHblMU AUWb AASJ nampuuues, 3AO om3b1- OaAc.SI 0 CBOUX onnoaeamax U npeYBeAUYUBaA t..06po, ClleAaHHoe UM AA5I PuMa. Ha ceu paa AfO.t..U CI\ yuraxu: UM pausure U B rOAOB y He npUXOAUAO, l.{mo AereHllapHblU coxaam ObM ewe u 06b[YHbIM XBacmYHQM.

Hoeocrns 0 B rnopou pexu KopUOAaHa 6blcmpo pasxernexacs no ropoay, U Ha Bb160Pb[ .siB UAOCb MHO}f(ecmBO HapOAa, \.fm06b! nporoxocoeeme npomun Hero. Flomepnes nOpa}f{eHUer KopUOAa H BepHyAC5J ua noxe 60.sl 06illKeHHb[M~ c }Ka}KAOU omowcmums npocmoxoauxaw, xornopsre nporOAOCOBaAu npornus Hero. I HeCKOAbKO He.t..ehb cnycms a PUM npU6b[Aa 60hbwas:l naprnus sepae. Ceaarn cooupaxca oecnAamHO peaaams ero xapoey t HO B MQMeHm rOAOCOBaHU~ no 3rnOMy Bonpocy nO~BUAC~ KopUOAaH u nonpOCUA cxoea, Peaaexa aepaa, y6e>Kt..aA OH~ nAOXO noaxusem Ha ropoz. MHorue ceaamopsr 3aKOAeoaAUCb, roxoce pa3AeAUt\UCb. KopUOAa H He OCmaHQBUACSJ Ha 3mOM ~ OH nepeuiex K xpurnuxe caMOU useu .b.eMOKpamuu. OH mpe60S8J\ omMeHumb· y~acmue npezcmaeurneAeu HapOAa - mpu6YHOB - B npaBAeHUU U BblCKa3bJB aAC.sr aa rno, '-Im06bl ropOAOM npas UAU mOAbKO nampuuuu.

Kor Aa ")ma. nOCfo.eAHSI51, pe"tb KOpUOA3Ha <:maAa AocmOstHUeM HapOAa. B03MyweHUJO ropO)KaH He 6blJ\O npeAeAa. B ceHam Ob[AU nOCAaHbl mpu6YHbl C mpe60saHueM, ymo6bl KopUOAaH npeAC ma"

nepeA HapOAOM. OH omKa3aACSL no BceMY roposy acnsrxueaAU eOAHeHuSI. Ceuarn, onacascs Be nsnuxu napoaaoro rHes a~ nporOAOCOBaA 3a pa3aayy 3epHa AapOM. Tpu6YHOB orn03sahU, HO t\IOAU npO.6.0A)Kall U mpeooa am b, Y mo6bl KopUOAaH B blcmytlUA nepes HUM U C U3BUHeHU.slMU. B ")mOM cAyyae u npu yCA08UU, '-I mo OH an pe.6.b oyaem .6.epl'Kamb CBOU MblCA U npu ceOe• eMY Obll\O 6b[ paapeurexo aepnymscs B apMUIO.

KopUOAaH B nocxeanuu pa3 npeacrnax nepea HapaAOM~ Komopbuj CAYUlaA ero a nOAHOU mUWUHe. OH Ha1..[aA MeAAeHHO u cnOKOUHO, HO nocmeneaxo caoaa nepeurex K oCKop6AeHustM. Era mOH 6blA Bb13bIBaK)LUUM, B blpa>KeHU5I. pe3KUMU. no Mepe more KaK OH rQBOpUA, aosssyuieuue Ha.POAB pOCAO. B KOHue KOHUOB nOt..HSIACSl maKOU WyM~ -rmo OH He CMor npoaoxxcarm,

nOCOB euias WUCb, rnpuoys b[ npu rOBapUAU KopUOAaHa K c,Mepmu u npuKa3aJ\u Marucmpama/Y\ HeMeAAeHHO copocums Iro co CKaAbl. T oxna socmopxcen HblM U KpuKaMu npusem~

crnaosaAa smo peureaue. OAHClKO nampuuuwi YAaAOCb BMe-

tullmbcSl~ U n puronop 6blA 3aMeHeH Ha nO>KU3HeHHoe usruaaue. tIIPoA mop>KecmSOSaA n pu aecrnu, smo aexuxuu na uuo.aAbHbnj repou PUMa 6y..6.em C nOJopOM U3rHaH U3 ropoaa, t.KOTO AUKoaaHUSI aa yxuuax PUMa HUKor Aa He ycmpaueaxu, MDKe B -recms no6eAb1 HaA eparoa.

tjL: . llOAKOBAHHE

{loKa KopUOAaH He 3aH5I.ACSI nOAumUKOU I UM.sJ ero B bI3blSaAO

IJIIIIItKA0HeHue. Boeaasie noasuru CB uaernex bcmBOBaAU 0 era 1113BypSiAHOM My xcecrnee. nOKa rpa>KAaHaM 6blAO uasecrnao a '*' mOAbKO HeMHoroe I C ero UMeHeM CB.5DbrSa" U MHO)KecmBO AereHA. OAHaKO cmOUAO eMY npeacmarm, nepee PUMA5IH8MU U BWCKa3amb, l.J mo y Hero aa Y Me t BeAU xue u mauae y xernysuAUCb. OH wyMeA U 6aXBaAUAC5I, KaK npocmou COAAaq:,OH. OH MOcAOSUA U oCKap6A51A HapOA, CAQBHO syecmays aeyaepeaNOemb U nb[ma.slCb cawoyrneepeurnsca. BHe3anHQ crnaxo SlCHO, limo OH COB ceM He mom, KeM. era c xumaxu. Hpomueopevue "'utAy AereHAOU u peaxsaocmsio r AYOOKO pesc-rapoeaxo rnex, lUna 06oJoKaA C aoero repos. l{eM oOAbwe rOB OpUA KopUOAaH ~ IfteM. OOAee CJ\a6blM OH Ka3aAC.fI, - mom, xrno He KOHmpOAU'Yem C80UX CADB j He BhaAeem cooou U He..6.0CmOUH yB a)t(eHUSt..

ECAU 6bl Kopuoxan MeHbwe rosopux, Y MOAeu He noasuAOCb Obi nOB OAa AASl: OOUAbl aa Hero, OH U HUKor Aa He Y3HaAU ebl era UCmUHHb!X YYBcmB. OH 6bl coxpanux CBOIO CUAbHYIO aypy. OblJ\ 6b[~ 6e3 COMHeHUSl, U30paH KOHCyAOM~ a B nocxeatrnBUU CMor Dbl npernnopu rns B )KU3Hb CBOU aHmUAeMOKpamu'le<:kue 83r A.fIt..br. Ho LleAOBe'-l.eCKUU S!3blK - 3mo 3Bepb, Kamo~

~,::-o cnOC06Hbl yKpomumb HeMHorue. OH nocmOSlHHO nblmaCJI Bb15pambCSt U3 KAemKU U, eCAU ero He YKpomumb, OH

/

71

O()ua UJ ucmopuii, 1<0 pble uacmo pacOCa.3blBa ;om 0 Kuccuuiixepe .. , 1((U aemcx 0010tao a~ na 1<OnwpbW paiiomax AO Yw .. «mou. npeacma8w3 iJ01O.aJ KUCCU1t.CJJKepy, Bcxope nOAytUA ezo ua Jao c 3 a.M.e'taH.UCM.: «3, .A yuuee, ua If.1nO 6bl C1 C061ibt?» Aopo uepeoe.AtU U ompeiiaxmupos OOKAad u HaKo~e~ 8HO npeocmabio: eta ua pa c.Mompeuue .. Paiioma 8epHyAaCb c meu JKe KOPOm.KU.M saueuauue nepeoeAa6 ezo etue paJ - U c1i06a 1 WA)JIt mom see Bonpoc om KUCCUHaJKepat xopi) 630p8a.ACR.: «41 xepm notiepu, smo Aytlueer na limo R CI iocoteu' » Ha smo KUCCUUOJKeP omiiemux: «Omxuuuo J noxazaso, ua smom

pa3 Jl ezo nposmy».

BaAhTep AiiJeKcoH

« KHCCl1HN'l<e~ J 1992

KOPO;tb (i1woofJux XIV xpauum lWA1i)f1O cex pemnocm» 80 Bee «mo xacaemcs 20CY oapcm8eru-tbtx 8e Mul(ucmpbl 'WCeu~1O saceoaxu» Cosema, H OH notepsem UM c60 I u..a1fbl xusu» no C A mo 10 ~ 1<.aK dee o6iJy MaA U npuuie A 1<.. OKO Ii 1tameAb1-tOMY peiaenu Ec~u 6b1. tJbl MOlA

8uJemb KOP0.Ail! Bmpa .>KCH.ue C20 Au~a uenpo uuuaeuo, ezo MaJ H.a1WMU1-ta10m AUCbl DH. 1iU1<020a 1-t.e o6cy oaem aeAa zocyoap

cm8a HU C KCM., KpOMe ezo M10iUcmpo8 8 Coseme. f osop» C } lpu36oPHblMU~ OH «acaemcs UCK.A}()itUmeAb1-{.Q ux 1lpu8uA.C1Ui(. uxu 06fl.3aHHocm-eU. Saxe caume ltlymJdt6bw U .A..elKOMblCAe1-lHbte eta 1 blCKF bli3a'HUil J8~ytl.am "me pexeuus: iipopoxa.

npHN1tt Bt1CKOHTl1~

ijl1T. no

Ay» Beprpany « AJOAOBVlK XIV)) l 1928

bCJom6eJ!1on6eH-1tble cAo6a ,w38a?-lHblX !l anna UMe'1Om nocseacmnu» 60Aee ZA y6m:,uct lleM. AU~b 60(11 O ... vunauue 0 3ypHbt.X ) wcmYH- _ xax.:

M.AaDuadt lpatjJ 3CCCKC oCaJaA xopoxese E;ut3a6emeJ

BblpaemC5.I H8 80AEO U npuxuxum HeMCJAO 6eA. Te, xrno pacrnoxaem coxposuura Ci\OB} He Morym npUYMHO)KUmb BAacmb.

Y cmpuuu nOJlHOCmblO pecxpueeuom pdK06UHY 6 nonuonqnue; KOZaa Kpa6 8UaUm ycmpuUrYj OH «uaeem BHympb ee Ka.J.1eWeK UJ1U 60aOpOCJlb, tnex limo ycmpuu,a He ).{O)Kem 3dK pblmbC5i 6HOSb u cmaHOBUmC51 aOObt Lieu Kpat5a. TaKOB y8e.:rl mex. xtno CllUWKOJo.1.. ..MHOZO omkpueeem pom u me .. '-1 orndaern ce6a ue ,MUJlOCmb cnuuuunen«.

AeOHapAO aa BUHYUJ 1452~1519

C06AOAEHHE 3AKOHA

Ilpu ABope 1\ 1Ots.0 6 UKa XlV apucmoxparnst U MUHucmpb1 npoBOAUAU AHU u H01..fU B .6.e6amax 0 npo6AeMax rocy aapcrnea. OHU coaeuiaxuce,

•

cnopuxu, 3aKr\}04aAU U pacmoprazu COi03bJ, CHOBa cnopuxu, nOK.3 He aacmaeax peuraiouruu MOMeHm: usoupexucs saoe U3. UX 1..(UCAa, 4mo6bl npeacmaeums MHeHUSl cmopon CaMOMY !\JOAOBUKY I xornopsiu AOhmeH 6blmb npUHs:imb OKOH~a mexsaoe peureaue, Flocxe - mora KaK ABoe 6blAU u36paHbl, cnopb1 a0306HoB A 5.1 1\ UCb: KaK C<jJOpMyAUpoaams AOKAa,6.bI? Limo npouaneaem Ha AlOAOBUKa BneliamAeHue, a xmo eMY He nOHpaBUmC5I? B xaxoe speM.sl AH~ AY1..JWe oopamurru.ca K HeM Y U KaKOU yroxo« Bepcaxscxoro ABopua usoperns .t..A5I.. srnoro? KaKoe Bblpam..eHue AOAJt{HO 6blmb Ha ux fo.Uuax..?

Kor aa HaKOHeu Bee 6blAO peuieao, aecmynexa Ba>KHast MUHymao n.sa u36paHHUKa npu6AUIKahUCb K AIOAOBUKY - smo CaMO no ce6e mpe60BaAO mOHKQCmU U AeAUKamHocmu - u, 3aBAaAeB ero BHUMaHueM~ aaroeapu B aAU 0 CBoeM AeAe nOApOOHO, npUBO.o.SI

limo ee xapmanep paaxu-ntsre ,6,OBOAbl.

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6apHyM oneparnueao npUH)1h peureuue. He UMe~ B03MO)KHocmu nocrnaaums Ha KOH coecmeeaxyio uaeecmaocrns, OH Mor caexarru, moxsso OAHO ~ paapyuiurm, penymauujo fluxa. OH apr BHU30B aA nomos nucex B raaemsi , rse BAaAeAbues My3e~ Ha3blB aA u rpynnou KB stureaurux B m upeos 6aHKQBCKUX KAepKOB)t, He UMelOWUX npeacrnaeaeaus a mOM, KaK npeeuxsHO opraauaoaams paoorny My3eSl U aocyr AKJAeu. Humamexeu npeAocmeperaA u om npuoopemeuus aKUUU Iluxa, 06bflCH.slSl, .... mo noxyn« a B moporo MY3e.Sl ..6.0A)I{ Ha 6b!l\.a npusecmu K YMeHb ureauio UX crnouwocrnu. KaMnaHust t npoeeaexaaa Sap· HyMOMj B03blMeAa AeucmBue~ aKUUU ynaAu B ueae, penyrnauus nUAa U aoeepue K ero ¢UHaHCOBOMY nOhO>KeHUIO 6blAO nOAopsaHO. BAaAeAbUb1 AMepUKaHCKoro My3eSl nepecwompexu ceoe peuieuue u npOAaAU era 5apHyMy.

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yA8pa~ U OH aceraa nOMHUA O,pOAU 6apHYMa B CBOUX 6eAax. Mucmep nUA AULIHO peWUA npeznpuuams arnaxy aa oapHYMa, C03A8B CBoeMY MY3eJO penyrnautno I(UHmeAAeKmyaAbHoro, ymOHl{eHHOrO pa38Ae4eHU:5I1t u peKAaMupY5l ero nporpaMMbJ K8K 60Aee HaY'"lHbJe ~ "'IeM y B YAbr apaoro KOHKypeHma. OAHUM U3 «HaYl.[HbIX It, ammpaKUUOHOB nUi\a 6bJI\U ceaHCbl rUnH03B.t c06upas wue rnoxnsr apumexeu U B meseaue AOAroro B peMeHu noAb30B8B uruecs ycnexow,

4mo6bl HaHecmu omeemxsni yAap~ 6apHY M B CBOK) osepeAb opraHU30saA ceaac runaoaa u caM norpysux B rnpanc M8AeHbKYfO AeSOy.Ky. Kor Aa OHa, Ka3aAOCb, r Ay6oKO 3aCHYAa, 5apHYM nonsunaxcs aarunxornuaupoaams apurnexeu - HO KaK OH HU cmapaxcs. HUKmo U3 apurnexeu He nOAAaeaAC.sl ero 'RIp8M. 3pumeAU Hal.{aAU CMestmbC5I. Paccrnpoeaaeui 6apHyM HaKOHeu 06b:s:JB UA, -rmo meAaem AOKa3amb, srno mpaac AeSQl.[KU aacmoauiuu, n03mOMY ceu xac OH ompescem eO nexeu, a OHa HU4ero He no-ryecrnsyern. Ho, noxa OH mO"4UA HO)K, Aes l.fYwKa omKpblAa r Aa3a U yapexa co cuexst, K eocmopry apumexeu, 3my U llpyrue napoauu 5apHYM noernopsx AOBOAbHO AOAro. Bc~?p~_ HUKmo Y)Ke He BocnpUHUMaA npeacrnesxeaua nUAa 8cepbe3, nonyxapuocrna nOWAa xa cnas. LJepe3 HeCKOAbKO HeAeAb woy npUWAOCb 38Kpblmb. B nocxeayouiue rOAbl aa 5apHYMOM aexpenuxacs cxaaa CMeAorOt Henpes30UAeHHoro M8cmepa spexuur U npeecrnaaxeauu, xomopyio OH CQXpaHUA B fne"ieHue sceu i'KU3HU. t..o6poe UM.sI nUAa max U He YA8AOCb BOccmaHOB u ms.

TOAKO BAH 1-1 E

5apHYM npUMeHUI\ .6.Ba pesnsrx cnocooa, ym06bl noryourns penymauulO Fluxa, nepBblu ObtA npocmseo: 6apHYM nOCe5lA COMHeHuSI orrutocumexeuo Cma6Ufl.bHOCmU U nxamescecnocoeHOcmu MY3eSl.. COMHeHue - MOWHoe opyacue. Cmoum sanyc-

/

......

«Ax~ lWMH1O: illeA. Jl MUMO MOHacmbtpO(020 HOM, -

fOA-oOt CAytaU~ 6KYc UA 6ec MeHJZ tnOA.1OiYA - V1 ciuunny»: Jl, CKO"" bK cYMeA yxsamum»,

A 1W KaX:OMY npa6y xecmno lo8opR?»

Ha 31nO - \KpUK. C Bcex cmopou.

BOAl( c CYOei1CKUM HblAOM npOU31iOCUl pettbJ

tfmo6 saxxam» tioza 3my npOK..lLJlmy;o msap»,

Om xomopoii 110utA Bce 3AO.

Ipeuiox 06b.R8AeJi 1lpecm Y1l..AC1-t b eM: tfYXaR mpa8a! 'lyoo6ulqH.O! notiecum eto Ma...\O!

TOAbKO cMepmb - Bocmoiaeas eMY xasu» l1 mym JKe ON. 6 3mD y6emucR.

Kmo cM6 UAU KmO CUAe1i -

Tont It JW cyoy 8blUO o (}uri 1{ ep1tbl.M~ opy 20 6eAbLM.

AacpoHTeH

7

mums HeCKQAbKO KOBapHb!X CAYXOB, U nepea BawUMU ConepHUKaMU acrnaern Hepa3pewUMasr .6.UAeMMa. OHU, KOHe1..fHO, Morym onposeprarns CAYXU I Morym Aa1Ke AOKa3a ms, -rrno srno Bbl ux pacnycxeerne. Ho COMHeHue Bee paBHQ ocrnaaerncs: xrno secrnaexsern ux maK PbSlHO 3aWUWambC5J? Momemt B cxyxax ecrns AOA.sI npaSllbl? ECA u »<e OHU pewam npouruopupoaerns crwerruuo, COMHeHU5f 6YAym ewe cuxsnee. ECAU npoaevarns nee npaBuAbHo, pacnpocmpaHs.eMble CAyXU Morym max pa3b.flpUmb U asieecmu U3 pasnoaecua eauiux conepauxos. -trno OHU HeU36eJoK HO Hal.{Hym coaepurams ow UOKY aa OWUfiKOU. 3mo opyxcue, OAHaKO~ xopowo MSI mex, y xoro Hem CB oeu penymauuu.

Korta.a 5apHYM crnax uaaecrnea, C03AaA ce6e penymeuuto, OH npuMeHuA apyrou, 60Aee U35fWHbIU cnoco6 - napoauio aa ceeac runaosa, B blCMesm CBOUX conepnuxos. Y1 moxee C HeBep0.slffiHblM ycnexow. ECAU B o6wecmse ecms cepseaasre OCHOBaHUSi AOBe~ psrmb aeureeiy MHeHU](), xoraa BbJ BblCMeUBaeme onnoaeamoa, Bbl cmasume UX 8 060pOHumeAbHYIO n03UUUJO~ -rmo mOAbKO ycuxusaem YB8i'KeHUe K BaM. LJpe3MepHble uaaeaarnexscmaa U ocxopoxeHU5.I He Ol.feHb npurOAHbl B 3mOM CA ysae ~ OHU nenpuexexemexsHbl U MOry m 60Ab we HaB peaums BaM, f..IeM nOMOtib. Ho xerxue nOAKaAb1BaHU51 U HaCMeWKU npeznoxaraiom, xmo Y aac Aocmarno-iao CUAbHoe ouiyureuue coocmseauou 3HaYUMocmU, YmOOb( npocmo nomewu m b ceos Ao6poO uryrnxou aa csern conepauxa. CKAOHHocmb K !OMOpy npeacrnaaum aac 6e306uAHb1M uryrnauxos-, B rna SpeM5I KaK B bl npoouaaerne opewb B penymauuu xoaxypearna.

!\e 2 ~e en peeumsc fl C H.e"iUC maLi C06ec m blOr 4e.M c aYPHOU penumauueii. ¢PUAPUX Huuwe

KJ\JO LjJ.1 K BAA CTY1

Oxpyxcaictuue, AB)Ke 6AU sxue Apy3b.fll Beer Aa B KaKOU- rno Mepe aa r aAo4Hbl U HenOCmU>KUMbl. B ux xapexrnepax ecms cxpsrmsre yKpoMHbJe yrOi\ KU, xornopsre BaM HUKor Aa He nOKa3bJSa!Om. Henoanaaaewocms apyrux MO)Kem Bbl3brBamb paaapaaceaue, BeAb~ eCAU BAYMambC5I, OHa xuuraern Hac B03MO)KHOCmU 06beKffiUB HO oueause ms AlOAeU. Ho Mbl n peanosumaew, urnopupySl smom ¢aKml cyaurm, 0 AIOA>lX no BHeWHUM npU3HaKaM, no mOMy~ xrno xer-re ecero omxpsreeemca HaweMY B3rA.slAY: OAe)f{Aa, )t( ecrnsr, CAOS a, nocrnynxu. B couuax bHOU crpepe BHeWHUU 06AUK 5l:BA.fIerl)C.sJ 6apOMempOM AASl acex uaurux oueuox u cYJKAeHUU, U t 3Hal..JUm, HaaO m ura rn eA bHO cxeaums aa mess, Ym06bJ 0 sac He cy 1:.. UA U neaepno. DAUH AO}KHbJU wart 01:..HO noaoapurnexsnoe UA U HenpeaBuAeHHoe U3MeHeHue aauiero o6AuKa Morym Oblmb ruOeAbHbJ. Born nO'"leMY xpeune BamHO CBOUMU PYKaMu coaaams U caMOM y nOAAep* uaarru, co6c mBeHHY 10 penyma UUlO.

80

Penymauus aa wumum sac j He aacrn AIQa5lM y JHamb~ xa KOB

Bb1 Ha C8MOM AeAe, nOMO)Kem B K a KOll -mo cmenexu B 1\ U5Imb Ha mo, KaK MU p cya urn 0 aac. - exacmxasr n 03UUUSI AA$I B ac. Penymauus 06Aallaem CUi\OU -rapoaex. OAH UM B 3MaXOM naxo-rKU OHa MO>Kem Y.6..BOUmb eeuiy CUAY U omoruams npecxeaoearnexeu. Bb1r1\SiA51m AU O.6..HU U me i'Ke aexa Bei\UKOAenHb1MU UAU Y)KaCHb1MU, ue i\ U K OM U nOAHOC m blO sa B u cum om peny maUUU ucnOAHUmeA):I.

B ApeBHeK umaUCKOM uapcrnee B3U 6blA npuaaopnsru no UMeHU Mu UyCSi. nOAb30B a B WUUC5I penyrnauueu '-teAOB exa Heo6blKHoBeHHO se« uxarnuoro u oecxopercrnaoro. OH crnax <paB opumow npan urnexs, B uapcmae 6blA 3aKOH, cor AaCHO xomopox y mOMY, xmo mauKoM npoeaemca B xaperne npasurneAs[~ ompyoaxu cmynsu HOr. J.1 ace me, KOfAa Mamb Mu Llycs 3a6oAeAa~ OH a ocnOAb30BaACSl xapernou rOCnO.6.UHa~ t-Imo6b[ uaaecrnums eet CAei\aB BUAf -rmo nOi\YYu/\ H3 smo paapeuieaue. Kor aa npaB umexio crnaxo U3B ecmuo 0 npocmy nxe, OH CKa.3a,,: .. Ka KOU xopouruu CbIH Mu UyC5:!l Pasu csoeu Mamepu OH nouiex aa npecmynAeHue u 6blJ\ rornoa AUWU mscs Hod ~ .

B zpyrou pas OHU saBoeM nporysuaaxucs no CPPYKmOBOMy caay. Mu Uyc5.1 e/l. nepcux U ocmaBWYKJC5.I nOAOBuHy npeAAOi'KUi\ n pa B urnex 10 .. ' Tom 3aMe mux: I~ Tbl max CUAbHO AJ06uWb MeHSft xrno 3a6bli\ a sxyce caoeu Ci\1OHbl, npeaxaras MHe Aoecmb nepcux-.

OAHaKO n03)Ke npuasopxsre uarnpuraxsr pacnycrnuxu CAyXU~ xrno M u Ilycs aa B ucrnxua U caMOBA 106AeH. 11M YA8AOCb onopoxums era Ao6poe UM.fI. T eneps ero nocmy nKU B uaexucs npan umex 10 B U HOM caeme. u 3mom MaAbl U OaHa)KAbI npoexaACS1 B Moeu xapeme. npurnaopueuiucs, Limo aexaern smo c Moero Beli.OMa, - cepsumo roaopux OH, - a B apyrou paa OCM.eA UAC5I npeAt\O>K U rru, MHe HeaoeAeHHb1U UM nepcux ~. 3a me me nocmynxu, -irno Bbl3brBaAU socxuurenue npaeurnexa, xorse Mu Uyc5I 6blA cpa B opurnow, meneps OH AOA)I{eH 6bM nouecrnu H8Ka3aHue. Ornpyosrn AU eMY cmyrusu? 3mo noanocrruno 3cBU~eAp om xpenocrnu era penymauuu.

BHayaAe BaM cxeayern nopaoornarru, HaA penyrnauueu 06AaAameA5I osnoro KaKOrO-AUQO Bblli.aJowerocSl xa -tecrnse, aanpuwep, UAU l..IeCmHOCmu, UAU uieapocrnu I a MO)Kem, uasopornx ueocrnu. 3mo BbJAei\Um sac U aacmasurn apyrux roeopurns 0 sac. 3ameM nocma paumecs, 4mo6bl 0 ea ureu penymauuu Y3- HaAO KaK MO)KHO 60Abwe uapose (He nepeycepz.cmayume: pe-_ -, nymauUlo HaAO crnpourns 6e3 cneuixu U aa mBepAOM OCHOBaHUU),

u Ha6i\ IOAaumej K8K OHa pacnpocmpa HSlemc~, CAOB HO AeCHOU nO}Kap.

Ilpo-uraa penymauus npuaacrn saM COAUAHocmb U AOno/l.HumeAbHY~ CUAY npu omuocumexeuo MaAblX aarnparnax 3Hepi ., ruu. OH~ nOAOOHa aype, Bbl3blaalOweu YBa)KeHUe, a nopou u

I

cmpax. repMaHCKUO reaepax 3pBUH POMMeAb, xomopsnl CPa>KMC.sr eo apef,UI Brnopou MUPOBOU BOUHbl B Ceaepaou A4>puKef CAaBUAC5l xumpsue U U KOBapHblMU M8HeBp8MU, HaSOAUB WUMU YJKac aa npomuaauxa. da_)f(e KOfAa ero rpynnuposxu 6blAU YHUymO>KeHbJ U 6pumaHCKue maHKU npeaOCXOAUAU era mexHUKY 8 coornxourenuu nsrns K OAHOMY, ueAble ropoaa cneurso ssexyupoeexucs npu OAHOM AUWb cxyxe 0 ero npU6AUJKeHUU.

r oeopsrn, CAaBa 6eJKum B nepeau \.IeAOaeKa, U eCAU smo A06pasr cxase, a bl3blsaJOwas:J ysameHue, 3Ha ~umeAbHas:l -racrns pa60mbl npoaexaua ewe /J..O aauiero BbIXOAa Ha cueay ~ xornx BbI He ycnexu npopouums HU cxoea,

Baw ycnex KaK 6bl npeaonpeaexea npe>KHUMU 3aCAyraMU. B 3Ha~umeAbHOU Mepe ycnex l.IeAHOf.{HOU AunAOMamuu reHpu KucCU HA>Kepa 6blA OCHosaH xa ero U3secmHOU cnocooaocmu cr AalKUaarrus npomueopesus: HUKOM Y He xornexocs noxaaarnscs maKUM mBepAOA06blM! -rmo C HUM AOOKe KUCCUHAJKep He MO>Kem AorOBO· pumscs. MupHoe cor xaureaue Ka3aAOCb CBepWUB WUMCR cpaKmOM, ecxu mQAbKO B neperoeopax npUHUMaA Yl.Iacmue KUCCUHAJKep.

flycrne sawa penyrneuus 0Y.6.em 6a3upoB amscx Ha OAHOM 6e3YKopU3HeH HOM xaxecrnae. 3mo eauucrnaeaaoe sasecrneo ~- 6YAb rno paoomocnocooaocms UAU oooxscmumeaeuocme - cmaaos urncs L[eM-mo a poae B U3umHOU xapmo-ncu, c ee nOMOWbJO / Bb1 ncsromaexueaerne C8QU BbIXOA, runaornuaupyx OKpY>KalOtUUx. Penyrnauua -recmxoro yeAOBeKa nOJBOAUm BaM npuwexarns

B ceB03MO}K Hble mpJOKU U 06MaHb[. Kaaaaoa a ucnOAb30BaA C8010 penymauino c06l\a3HumeAs:l:, timOObl BblMOCmUmb AOpOry K HOB blM 3aBoeBaHUSlM: meHWUHaM, xomopsie npocxuurexu 0 ero nooesax I cmaHOBUAOCb uamepecao, UM He mepneAOCb caMUM nposepums,

S 1..(eM me cexpern ero Heaepo.srmHb(X hJ060BHbJX ycnexos.

B03MO)f{HO, sauie penymauus Y}K€ aenamnaua, B 3mOM chy~ae npuaemcs nopeoomams Hall C03AaHueM HOBOU. B maKUX CAY1..fa5IX caMoe MyApoe - 06beAUHumbCSI C KeM-mo, '"leu UMUA)K S!BASlemcSl npomuaonoxoxcasw saWeMY, u ucnoxsaoaarns ero Ao6poe UM~ Al\SI OOeAeHU5l U B03B bIWeHU5I csoero. T pyAHO, K npuwepy ~ CaMOMY u36aBUmbC5f om s:JpAb[Ka He'-tecmHoro \(eAOBeKa, HO 06pS3eU -recmuocmu MO)Kem nOMOYb. Kor Aa n. T. EapHYM peWUA U3MeHumb MHeHue 0 ce6e KaK 06 ycmpoumexe . HU3Konp06HblX PS3BAel.JeHU0 , OH npurxacux U3 Esponst nesuuy Ait<:eHHu AUHA. 6AaroMpR ee penymauuu 3Be3Ab1 nepsou aeAUYUHbl myp no AMepuKe, cnOHCOPOM xornoporo BblcmynuA 6aPHYM, HeMaAO 06AaropoAuA U B03BblCUA ero coocmaeuauu 06pa3. Ewe O.6.UH npusiep: KpynHeuwUM aemopumemaw npecmynaoro Mupa AMepuKu XIX eexa AOAroe BpeM~ He YAasaAOCb cusms C ce651 06BUHeHUSI B >KeCmOKocmu U 3i\OAeUcmae. TOl\bKO peuienue HaYamb KOAAeKUUOHuposamb npoU3BeAeHU5I ucxyccmaa, max -uno UMeHa MopraHa u c.t>pUKa rneneps nocmosnao 3SY4aAU PSiAOM C UMeHaMU Aa BUHYU U PeM6paHAma. nOMorAO CM.sIp-reHUJO UX Henpur !\Sl:AHorO UMUl1JKa.

82

Penyrnauus - COKpOBuweJ xomcpoe Heo6xOAUMO HaKanAUBamb u xpaa U ms C OCODblM m urasue«. Oco6eHHO noxa Bbl cmourne B HayaAe nyrnu, seuiuuraume ceoe UM5I BceMU aocmynxersiu cnocooawu. 6eperume om acex aanaseauu. Y xpenus n03UUUU, Hay'"! umecs He BbJXOAUmb U3 ce651 U He sa H UMamb 060pOHumeA bHylO n03UUUlO B ornsern Ha npOBOKa· UUOHHble B b1CKa3blBaH us B pa rOB - srno CB uaernexscma yern a aaureu neyn epeu uocmu B coocmeeasou penymauuu. BMecmo smoro AB ureumecs Aai\ stue U HU aa f..Imo He noxeasrsaurne cAa6ocmu, Aa)Ke ecx U Y}f(e U He aaseernec b, xrno YAacmc.sr ce6.st aauiumums. 04HaKO nowsurne, limo ernaaa aa penymaUUEO conepxu xa s(BA~emcfl MOWHblM opYi'KUeM. ocooexuo ecxu OH CUAbH ee. B maKOU CXB arnxe OH pu cxyern MHorUM, rnor Aa KaK aa wa C06CmBeHHa fJ j noxa ewe He ycmOSJB Wa.slCSI, penymaUUj[ n peacmas ASlem AASI Hero CJ\ UWKOM He3Ha\:lumeAbHYfO MuweHbj xor Aa OH noneimeemcs omxpsrms omsernasru orcas. HMeHHO amy mas mUKY 6apHY M C ycnexoss npUMeHSlA BHa ~aAe caoero BocXO)t(.6.eHU.sI. Ho eio cxeayern nOAb30SambC5I pa3YMHO: OHa He AOA}KHa B blr AS!.6.emb MeAOYHOU MecmbJO. ECAU BaM He YAaAOCb nOB peau rns penyma uuu n pomu BHUKaJ BaLUa coocmseHHaSl He u36em HO pyxuern,

3HaMeHumhiU uaoopernemexs TOMac JAUCOH CYUmaA, srno AIOOble MexaHU3Mbi Mory m patiomarns C ucnOAb30saHueM nocrnoaaxoro moxa. KorAa cepocxuu yt.teHblU HUKOAa TeCAa 06'b5tBUA, xmo eMY YAaAOCb cxoxcrnpyupoearns MexaHU3MJ pa6omalOwuu Ha nepeMeHHoM rnoxe, YAUCOHa smo B03MymuAO. OH peurux pacrnonrnarne penyma UUK) Tecxsi, AASl srnoro OH cooupexca ny6Au '-tHO AOKa3ambf -rmo MaWUHbl, paoornaiowue Ha nepeMeHHOM moxe, KpaUHe onaca br I U 065 uaurns B lornOM TeCAY. 3AUCOH noasepr MHOJKeCmao AOMaWHUX xcuE!lOmHbIX CMepmeAbHblM yaapaM nepewea uoro moxa, 3moro nOKa3aAocb HeAocmamot.rHo, U 8 1690 roay OH ooparnuxca K PYKoBoAcmey rocyaepcmeeanou mJOpbMbl HblO-AopKa C npezAO>KeHueM ycmpourns noxaaarnexeayto Ka3Hb npecrnynauxa c UcnoAb30BaHueM nepeweuaoro rnoxa. Ho 3t..UCOH '3KCnepUMeHmupoBah 1\ uw b C MeAKUMU )KUB orna brMU. OH He pacc-iumax HanpSUKeHue, u npecrnynaux nOAYl..(UA :)AeKmpOWQK, HO He noruo, B rocyaapcmae c )KeCmOKUMU 3aKOHaMU 0 HaKa3aHUU (B03MO>KHO, CaMblMU >KeCmOKUMU B Mupe) K83Hb npuuixocs n08mopumb. 3mo ObfAO Y:>KaC81OWee apexuure,

Xom51 BnOCAeAcmBUU penyrnauus 3AucoHa 6bIAa soccma- .....____.

HOBAeHa~ B mom MOMeHm oxa nocrnpaaaxa MHoro 60Abwe~ \{e.M_ penymauus T ecxsr, He cxezyern aexosurns CAU WKOM AaAeKO 6 nO..6.06H srx a rna Kax? BeAb OH u n pu B xexyrn a HUMaHue K: saweu Mcmu meAbHOC rnu, a He K K a -rec mBaM mora, Ha K oro 8b1 Hanals.aeme .. ECi\U Bawa.., coocrnaeu-raa penyrnauus npoxaa, U.,S!lOA.b3yume 6o-"ee - mOHKue npUeMhJ - maKue, K8K camupy

\

J

U HaCMeWKU, -imo OCJ\a6um npornue HUKa~ a a ac npeacmasu m 06aSlmeAbH blM ocmpoy MueM. Mary 4UU heB nourpaem C M blWKOU, xornopes nepeoexcaxa eMy aopory, - AlOooe unoe noaez.eaue nOB peAum ero penymauuu rpoanoro 3Beps:l.

06pa3:

xonu, nOAHbre aAMa30B u py6UHOB.

Bs: om xonexu UX, rneneps

B bl 60rambl. Xpaaume UX A 10600 uesou. rpa6umeAu U BOphl ~B~mcSl co ecex crnopoa, He oooxsuraurnecs, AyMa5l~ 'imo 6oramcmso 1l.aHO BaM pa3 U HaB cer AB. nOCmO}1HHO 06HOBAsn1.me COKpOB uura - om B peMeHU OHU mYCKHeJOm u mepsnorn ueay.

Aamo pumemuoe J.tHeHue. ~ Bcxescm B ue smoro sr nO)KeAaA 6b1 HaweMY npuaaopuowy noakpenxarm, CBOU B pO)KAeHHble aocmouacrnaa CHOpOBKOo. u xumpocrnsjo u aapyvumscst yeepeunocmsto, "lmo, KOf Aa 6bl eM.Y HU npuwAocb omnpesurnscs B xpax, rae c HUM He3HaKOMb1, ero n05l8AeHUe 6YAem npeaaepsrne era A06pa.st cxaaa.; H60 penymauuS!t onupatouraacx, KaK c-iurnasom, xa MHeHue MHorUXt nopoxcaaern msepayio Bepy B aecxyru '":IeAOBeK8, sepy, xomopyio snOCAe.6.CmB UU HempYAHO yKpenumb B y Max~ y>Ke HaAAe)t{aWUM 06pa30M HacmpoeHHblX u noeromosAeHHblX It (6aAbAaccappe Kacmuxsoxe, 1478-1529).

060POTHA~ CTOPOHA

B 3mOM CAytiae OHa Hee03MO}KHa. Penyrnauus Sal'KHa npu AI06blX oocmosrnexscrneex j U3 srnoro 3aKOHa Hem UCKAlO'-IeHUU. M01Kem Oblmbt He npusaeas 3Ha4eHU,Sl mOMY, -irno AyMalOm 0 sac Apyrue~ B bl 38BOlOeme peny maUUK> He3aBUCUMoro u opuruaexsaoro ~eAOBexa. 3mo moxee HenAOXOU UMUA}K - OCKap YaUAbA noxsaoaaxcs UM seCbMa ycneuruo, Mbl )KUBeM B oourecrnee U ueu 36e)KHO 3aBUCUM om MHeHU9I apyrux, max xmo. onOp01..JUB csoe UMSij HeJ\b3$1 .6.06UmbC5.1 HUl.Je ro xopowero. He 3a6onlSICb 0 CBoeM oopase. B b[ aacmesxserne APY rux peurams aa aac, 6YAbme X03>1UHOM CBoeU CYAbObI - U csoeu penymauuu.

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C06AOdEHHE 3AKOHA

n .. T. 5apHyM HatiUHaA CBOlO Ae5tmeAbHocmb B xaxecmae nOMOWHUKa BAaAeAbua uupxa AapOH8 T epnepa. B 1836 roay UUpK npuexax B AHHanOAuc, ropoaox B wmame M 3puAeHA, 1..[m06bl Aamb maM HeCKOAbKO npeacrnaexeuuu. B AeHb Ha'"laAa B ucrnynxeHUll 6apHYM. c ympa omnpeeuxca Ha nporyxxy no roposy, HaAeB HOBblU ~epHbUJ xocrruow, Pornoseu CAeAOBaAU sa HUM. Kmo-mo Bbn<pUKHY A, xrno ysaaem npenosooaoro 3<j>paUMa K. 3Bepu .. nOCAeAHUU nOAb30saACSI Hexopoweu CAaBOU: xorns HeAaBHO C Hero 6b1AO casrno 06BUHeHue B y6uucmse, 60AbWUHcmBO· aMepuKaHueB Bee l'Ke CYUmaAU era BUHOBHblM. Pa3fHeBaHHa5! rnoxna paaopaaxa Ha Bepay Me Kocm(QM U romoae 6b1Aa AUHyeBamb ero. Ilocxe 6e3ycnewHblX nonsirno« 06bSlCHumbCs:J 5aPHYM npU3BaA ecex cxesoea rns aa HUM B UUpK, rae CMorYfTl YAocmOBepumb era Au"tHocmb.

B uupxe crnapux Tepaep noemeepaux, "tmo srno 6bL\ AUWb poasirpsnu - OH caM U pacnpocrnpaaux CAyX 0 mOM, "imo 6apHYM - arno 3eepu. TOAna pacceaxacs, HO 6apHyMY, xomoporo Yymb He y6UAU, 6b[AO He AO CMexa. OH xornex 3Hambt ",mo nOABurAO era X03.slUHa csrrpams CHUM 3AYlO uiyrnsy, tcAoporou MOO. Mucmep 5apHY Mt - omeernux Tepaep, - Bee srno Ha noxssy. 3anOMHume, BC~, srno HaM HY)KHO AA.fI ycnexa, - noooxsure wy MUXU -. H npaaaa, Bee B ropoae eYAaYUAU 0 poasirpsuue, a Se\.lepOM UUpK 6blA nOAOHt KaK U Bee ae-repa AD KOHua ux npe6blBaHu.SI B AHHanOAuce. Bapny M nOAy"iUA y pOK~ KOmOpb!U nOMHUA BCJO }KU3Hb ..

nepBb1M co6cmaeHHblM 60AbWUM AeAOM 6apHYMa OblA AMepUKaHCKUU My3eu B Hso-Hopse - coepasue xypsesoe U AUKOBUH. Oll.Ha>K4bl Ha yxuue K 5apHyMY oopamUACSI HUWUU. BMecmo moro Y..mo6bl noaams MUI\OCmbIHIO, oapHYM npeMO)f{UA eMY aepeoomams. nOAOUA.fI C HUWUM K MY3elO, OH fJ.aA eMY nsrn» xupnuseu U 06bSlCH UA, LImo HY}KHO AeAamb. HUUlUU AOh>KeH OblA MeAAeHHO npoumu C HUMU xpyr, cocmeexsnouiuu HecKOAbKO KBapmaAOB. B onpeaexeuusrx Mecmax Hy>KHO 6bMO KAacmb OAUH xupnux Ha MocmOByJO, a OAUH Aepmamb B pyxe, He oopamuor« nymu OH AOA)KeH 6blA 3aMeHs:lmb Ae)l{awUO Ha mpomyape KUpnU\..l

1

A,a..%,e no 3depza;u b nopyzasaoo, Jl 110A )ntmo csoo oo .. \.10 cAa6bl.

Flserpo Aperuao, 1492-1556

meM ~ xornopssu uec S pyKe. Bo B peMSl -peeomsr- eMY cxeaoaaxo coxpeasrns nOAHyK) cepseauocrns U He omaexerns H8 sonpocsr. Bepayauiucs K MYJelOt OH AOh>KeH 6blA sournu B 3AaHue~ npoumu no ero 3aAaM~ Bblumu sepea CJ\Yi'Ke6HyfO ABepb u nOB rnopurns -paoorny- C KupnuliaMu.

Flepasul me peOc npuBAeK comxu A lOlt. eu I xomopsie c HeAoy MeHueM or A5IllbISaAUCb, B UASI aar aAOYHble MaHunYASlUUU.

Ha 'iemSepmOM xpyre ero Y>Ke OKpY>KaAU 3eBaKU, 06CY>KMtouiue, xrno me smo OH sexeem. KaJKAb]U paa, KaK OH BXOllUA B MY3eu, aa HUM cxeaoeexu 1\ lOAU, rornos ble B3~mb BXOAHOU 6uAem, Llmo6bl mOAbKO He ynycmums tty aaxa U3 BUlly. B My3ee ux npUBAeKBAU KQAAeKUUUt max xmo HeKomOPbfe 3aAep}KUBaAUCb B aaxax. K KOHUY nepaoro AHSJ 'iY AaK C xupnuxaau npuaex sa cooou a My3eu OKOAO mbICSI,-[U nocemurnexeu. Yepe3 HeCKOt\bKO llHeu BMeWB;\aCb nQAUUU51 - eMY npuxesexu npexparnu rns xoxcaexue. max KaK cooupaeesere UM mOAnbl Mewal\U YAUYHOMY ABU>KeHUlO. Ilporyxxu C xupnusereu 38KOH"IUt\UCb~ HO mucsvu »curnexeu Hbfo-AopKa nooblBaAu B My'Jee ~ U MHorue U3 HUX cmax u cmopoaauxaau 6apHYMa.

Ha 6ar\ KOHe, xornopem B b[XOAUA Ha YAUUY, 6apHY M pacnoAO)K..Ut\ aHcaMohb MY3bJKaHmOB nOA rpOMaAHb1M rnpaucnapax-

3KC~ertmpwt1iocmb1o J

moM.. -Becnxa rnxa ~ M Y3bJKa AAs[ MUAAUOHOB 11". KaKaSi uiee- max u penymauueii

poems, nO.6.YMaAu >KUmeAU Hsio-Hopxa, cnewa nocxyurarne XOpOlU-el-O )KU1]OIlUC4a». OecnAamHb[U xoauepm. Ho 6apHy M. nompY..6.UACSI HaHSImb n OCKOAbJry

CaMbtx cAa6blx My3blKaHmoB, U KaK mOAbKO aHcaM6Ab aarpe- Ilane Ab8y X

MeAt MHorue nocneuiuxu npuo6pecmu 6uAembi B My3eu t «npaousuc» maxue 'fmo6bl yxpsrrnsca B HeM om pe3KUX 3BYKOB -My3bIKU)l U cmpauuue,

YAIQAIOKaHb.sl pa30T.{apOBaHHOU rnoxnsr, 'lyoaxot3alrtble OC06bl»,

OAHa U3 nepasix ItllUKOBUH-t C xornopou 6apHYM 06bexaA ou Hoc6Rnl'U.A CoOOMY 8 8CJO cmpaxy, ObrAa .6.}KOUC Xem. *eHwuHa ymBep>KAaAa~ '-I..mo·~ pnuapu, «mo Y:JKe oxonsamexvuo 8bl6u:t 0

ee B03pacm 161 roa, U 5apHY M .6.eMOHCmpupoBaA ee KaK :.I

6 xyvOYKItUKa U3 '1WAeu.

blBWYKl HS1HlO .6.)KOPll>K3 Baiuuurmoaa. Ilocxe MHorux MeC5I- Ba« Manu a y3u(h .. RA.Ot

ueB. npeacmaexeau U moxnst apumexeu Ha4aA U peaerrus, u ep

5 limo pCJyA'bmambt

apHYM pa30CAaA 8 raaernsr aHOHUMHoe nucswo, rae roeopu- 37(CJl~pUMe1imo8

hOCb, Y:mo !(A}f(QUC Xem - He l.IeAOSeK I a as mowam, U3romOB- KOpHCAuca Keme.AH, AeHHblU U3 K umos oro yea, Kayyy Ka u 6eC\.IUCAeHHbIX npy1KUH.. nmmabtuezocs. nucam» Te, xmo AO cux nop He YAOCYIK UAC.SI B ar A.s:rHY ms na cmapyuray, KapmW·ibl pmoxc u...\.U HeMe.t .... \eHHO 3aUH rnepecoeaxucs, a me, xrno yme BUAeA ee ~ H.OZll.M..U, 1 WAb308cu UCb nAamUAU, ym06bl peurums, npaeauasr AU CAYXUt xrno smo cnpOCOM y Ca.Mbtx

po6om. snamumx 1U..ue1{1Jlo6J

B 1842 roay 6apHYM npuoopex KapKac, KOmOPbUJ AOAmeH a (je(h~ KemeAb ;\..UlUb OblA uaoopaacams pycexxy. CDurypa HanOMUHaAa 06e3bSlHKY c pa38u8aJ.. lLOOo61ibte Pbl6bUM myAOB U weM, HO u roxoaa u mexo 6b[AU O'-leHb »xcnepuxceumm TUljlWHa, ¥lO oa Kapnu

UCKYCHO CAeAaHbL 6apHyMY YAaAocb ysname, xmo YYAO U ITt,lA,bMa )vKo6m-ic,

rneXHUKU U3romOBAeHO B 51nOHuu U era AeMoHcmpauu~ maM

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npOu3seAa HacmoSlwy to ceHcauUlO.. c8uaem CAb cm8y

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87

OOO:.U1-tU, HUCaAU 1 taAbl{a...\fU7 «gK06bl U,\-tll1nUPYR uemoi), xomopmsc J lOA b 3 0 (3 a.i\ ex Bepxo6r-tblU T8opely>. BaH MaHaep cootnuaem. umo r occepm npusse« (3 H-UMa 'HIt e uMllepamopa Kapxa V meu, «mo rtOCUA rjJaumaCmU1f.N-bW napsin» UJ 6YMtlZU. n ocmy' fml 1naKJ OH. 80n ipousse» maKmUK'Y AU1ioKpama, KO mopmii, «mo 6bl 006umbcR Bocmyna K AAeKcaHiJpy

MaKeaOH.CKOMY, noRiJUACJi nepeo H.UM 6 06.itUKe o 61t asceuno zo Tepaxsa.

Mapraa Bapaxe, -n pl1ABOpHblii XYAO)l(Hl1.K» J 1993

TeM He MeHee 6apHy M pa30CI\aA B raaernei no eceu crnpese UH<popMaUUK> 0 mOM, xmo Ha ocrnpoaax ¢UA}KU nOUMaHa >KUBaSl pycaxxa. Koraa OH Bblcmaa.UA skcnoaam 8 MY3eeJ Ae6ambl 0 B03MQ)KHOCmU cyurecmaoaanus nOAo6HblX MucpU'-leCKUX cyuiecrne 6YKB8AbHO OXBamUAU BCJO aauuto. Ao moro KaK 5apHYM peseepHyr\ ra3emHYJO KaMnaHUEO, HUKOMY U .6.eAa He 6blAO AO pycaxox, meneps B ce C }KapOM 06CY>KAat\U peaAbHocmb ux cyuiecmsoa a~ HUSt 4UCAO nocernurnexeu Aocmur 1'.0 peKopAHOU BehU\fUHbl B me AHU j xorae ace ycmpessuxucs B sr A5lHymb Ha CPUA)KUUCKYEO pycaAKy u nocnopums 0 mOM, HaCmOSlwa51. AU oua.

Yepe3 HeCKOAbKO hem 6apHY 1'0'\ OObexaA Espony c r eHepaAOM MaAbtiUKOM c naAb4UK, nSlmUAemHUM KapAUKQM U3 KOHHeKmuKyma. 6apHyM npeAcmaBASlA era KaK OAUHHaAuamUAemHero aHrAUUCKOro MaAbliUKa. OH 06YL[UA era MHomecmBY YAuBumeAbHblX mpJOKOB. B 3mOM mypse UMS!: 6apHYMa npuaxexaxo cmOAbKO BHuMaHUSl, -imo caMa kopoxeaa Buxmopua, arnorn oopaseu pacey AJJmeAbHOemu, ysocrnouxa ero u rnaxaarnxusoro MaAb"tUKa AU 4HOLl aYAueHUUU B 6YKUHreMCKOM ABopue. flycms aHr xuucxas npecca Bb1CMeUBaAa 6apHyMa - BUKmopU5I BeAU secmseaao n03BOAUAa pa3BAe"tb ce6~ U BnOCAeAcmBUU seer Aa om3b1BaAaCb 0 HeM C YBaJKeHueM.

TOAKOBAHHE

5apHYM YCBOUA OCHOBHYIO ucrnuxy 0 npuaxeuenuu BHUMaHUSI: eCAU Bee r xaaa CMompSlm Ha rneoa, mbl nOA yyaeWb ocoosie npaBa. AASI 6apHyMa npuaxess uamepec 03Ha4aAO coopame rnoxny. OH nucax enocxeacma uu: ~ Y A[Q6ou moxns: nOAKAaAKa U3 cepeopa-. J.1 rnoxna oxornao n03BOr\51Aa BmflHYffib ce651 8 .6.eUCmBo. Born OAUH AlO6onblmHblu ocrnaaoeuxcs OKOAO -rexosexa C KUpnUl.laMU, cxeb.OM mo me CAeAaK>m y>Ke MHorue. OHU CKanAUB aJO mcs , K8K KpOAUKU. He3aMemHbiu rnox "(OK - U OHU Y>Ke ycmpesiux UCb B My3eu UAU CMomp~m aaure npeacmaexeaue. 4mo6bl coopams moxny, Hy>KHO BblAYMamb t.tmo-mo Heo6b14Hoe, cmpasaoe. nOAOUaern 1\10600. KYPbe3~ AJ06a~ .6.UKOBUHa, nornossy 4mo rnoxny KaK MarHumOM npurnsru B aem Bee YAUB umexsaoe U Heo6b~CHUMoe. 321BAaAee. BHUMaHueM AJOAeu. He asmycxeume ero. 6apH}'M oxomHO nepeHUMaA mplOKU KOHKypeHmoB, eCAU B usex, limo OHU npunocsm ycnex,

BHa yar\e aaurero BOCXO)KAeHU~ K B blcomaM He :>KaAeUme CUA, ymOObl npuexe-rs K ce6e BHUMaHue. CaMoe Ba>KHoe: 6 4e.N. cocmourn B HUMaHue, He UMeem 3Ha yeHUSL He pearupya na pa3rpoMHble ornx» UKU 0 era npeecmasxeausx U Mucmuq.,uKaUU5V(j oapHYM HUKOr.6.a He >KaAOBaACSl. Ecxu xaxou-rno raaernvux ocoeenao JAo6HO nOAUBaA era rp.Sl3blOt OH npur AawaA moro Ha npeMbepy U npeAocmaBJ\SlJ\ xy-ruree Mecmo. Flopou 6apHYM Mor U CaM· aHOHUMHO pacxpumuxoearns B npecce co6CmSeHH)'K> pa6omy, A UWb 6br era UMst He UCt.te33AO c raserruusx nOAOC. C mO~KU 3peHU~ 6apHYMat B HUMaHue - He usseem 3Ha4eHUSI, nosurnuaaoe UA U

1

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Heramu B Hoe - 6b1AO OCHOB HOG cocmeaxsnoureu era ycnexa, CaM bru }KaA K U U Y AeA l1AS! l.IeAOB eK a, «omopsiu }K8)KAem uasecmaocrnu, CAaBbl U, KOHeYHO, axacmu, - ocmeaamsca B :3a6aeHUU.

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CCJlU yJK npUOBopHOJ..ty C.!lyLtumc.R YlJ.aCme06amb €I KaKO..M~ mo ny6..nU4NO.J.f 3peJlUL4e~ HanplLM.ep~ pblu,apcKO.M mypHUpe .. > OM aOJlJKeH 6blmb yeepeHJ limo c6pYR U nonoHa €20 JIowaaU FJeJlUKOJlenHbl U umo ce ... \.f OH HaaJleJKaUJ,U>t 06pa30.M. nOOlOmOB.1leH, c npunuvecmeipxuu»: oeeu30J.t u xumpoipooso«: ycm poiscmeeuu, 4mo6bl npuxoeemu K ce6e BNUMaHue mann bt mex Me np04HO, KaK Jv1.aZHUm npumsuueeem JKe.ne30.

6aAbAaccappe KacmUhbOHe

KAIOYl1 K BAA CTJ.1

Csepxarru, sp-ie, 4eM oxpyacaouiue, ~ srno Y MeHue~ c xornopblM HUKmo He poxcaaerncs Ha cnern, BaM npeacmourn YYUmbC'S1 mOMY, K8K npuaxexams BHUMaHue -rnax me np04HO~ KaK MarHum npumsruaaem »cexeso-. B Hayai\e seureu xepsepsr Bbl AOA1KHbl C B saams caoe UM5l: u perryrneuuro C meM, l..{mo BbJAeAUm sac U3 p~Aa Apy rux A!Oaeu I HanpUMep, c xapaxmepasta CmUAeM B OAe>Kae, KaKou-Hu6yab ocooeanocrneio, a brBepmOM, xornopsru noxaxcemcz 3aoaB HbJM U aacmas urn rOB opums 0 8ac. KaK mOAbKO oopaa aaxpenurncs, BbJ crnauerne UHt..UBuAyaAb~ aocmsio, y Boweu 3B e3Abi nOSlB u mC5[ Mecmo Ha He6ocKAOHe.

Pacnpocmpanenaoe 3a6AY*h.eHUe c-rurnarns, srno srnom, CBoucmseHHblU AU Wb BaM, 06AUK He AOA)KeH 6blmb npomuaope\fUBbJM U xmo 6blmb npeli.MemOM HanaAOK noxesay-rno nxoxo. TpYAHO npeacmaaurm, srno-xuoo OOAee AaAeKoe om ucmuusi, Ym06b1 u36e)Kamb OCeYKU U 1..Jm06bI aauiy ussecmaocrru, He 3a.J'nMUA ltpyrou, BbJ He AOA}KHbl omaaasraarneca am OAHoro POA8 B HUMaHU5I K BaM B nOJ\b3y t..pyroro. B KOHe\.lHOM c-reme AlOooe BHUMaHue nouaern BaM Ha noxsay, Eapxy M t KaK Mbl BUAeAU, paaoeaxca BC5JKOU HanaAKe xa Hero U He ouryurax nompeOHocmu aaunnnamscsr. OH Ao6poaOJ\bHO HaAeA Ha ce6.sJ MaCKY OOMaHWU K a.

Asop !\101l.0BUKa XJV u306uAOBaA maAaHmAUBblMU nucameMIMU I XYAO)KHUKaM u, xpece B uuasiu, a mexxce MY>K1-IUHaMU u >KeHUluHaMu xenorpeurusoax li.06pOAemei\eU, HO HU 0 KOM U3 ~ux cmox bKO He fOB OpUJ\ U. CKOA bKO 0 repuore A03aHHCKOM.

epuor 6bl/l. MaA pocrnosi, novmu KapAUK I u nOB eAeHue ero oml\UyaAocb K pau Heu 1l.ep30CmbK) - OH cnax C KopOAeSCKOU <j)aSOpUIT1KOU u ornxpsirno OCKop6A5iA He mOAbKO npuaaopnsix, Ho U casioro KOPOAR !\IOAOBUK8, OAHaKo, max paaexexaxe 3KcueHmpUl.IH ocrn b repuora, xmo OH c mpYAOM B b1HOCUA

06Pd3:

caem paMnbL Axrnep,

B cmynaiouruu B smom caepKaiQWUU xpyr, aocrnureem B bream cyuiecmaoaanus. Bee cMomp~m Ha Hero.

Y3KUU AyLf corpurne MO}f{em ocsemums mOAbKO oauoro. AeAau srno MO>KeWb, \..ImOObl yaep)Ka rns ero xa ce6e. 6YAb 3a6aB HbIM, HeAenbrM UI\U CKaHAaAbHb1M, AUWb

Obr AyY ocma HOB UAC5I na me6e, ocrnaeus apyrux axmepoe

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omAYYKU nocxeeuero, 3mo 06bSlCH.sJAOCb npoc rno: cmpanaocrnu HeCHOCHoro xapa xmepe repuor a npus AeKaJ\U BHUMaHue. nOChe moro KaK era ovapoaaaue AeucmBoa aAO Ha OKpy>KcUOWUX~ UM xomexocs oouiernscs CHUM 80 xmo 6bl rna HU crnexo.

Oourecrnao HY}K.6.aemcSI 8 .:SIpKUX A U1..lHOCm)lX, eoaasuueioWUXC.SI HaA cepocmsio U nocpeacrnaeaaocrnsjo. n03mOMY He crnecasumecs xa-recme. BblAeASiIOWUX sac U3 moxmsr, npua xexalOWUX K BaM B HUMaHue. He uaoereurne cmsrsex, llame CKClHAaha. Ay-uue HanaAKU~ Aame KAeBema~ 4eM 3a6BeHue. 3mom 3aKOH aeuc rneurnexeu AASI ecex nporpeccuu, a Ka>KAbIlJ npocpeccuoxax .6.0A)KeH Dbrmb a .A.ywe HeMHoro wOYMeHoM.

Bexuxuu Y4eHbui T OMac JAUCOH nOHUMah: 1..fm06bJ A06blsamb AeHbru~ He06xOAUMO AIOOOU ueuou nocmosuuo 6blmb Ha BUAy. T OMy • KaK npeacmeeurns uaoopemeaus ny6AuKe~ KaK npUBAeYb oouiecrnseaaoe BHUMaHue~ OH npUAasaA nosmu maxoe >Ke 3Ha"lenue, KaK caMUM u306pemeHu5IM..

JAUCOH cmaaux 3<Pc:peKmHbre onsrrnsr, 1.fm06b[ npoAeMOHCmpUpoaarns CBOU omKPblmu~ B 06Aacmu 3AeKmpu'-tecmBa. OH paccxa- 3bIB8A 06 UJ06pemeHU5IX 6YAywero, KomopbIe K83MUCb cpaHmac· muxou, - 0 pooomax, 0 MawuHax, cnocooasx ccl>omorpacpupoBamb MblCAbJ - He nornossy -nno cooupexcs mparnums CUAbl Hi] peoorny Hat.. HUMU~ HO '"Im06bl aacrnas urrus nyoAuKy rosopurns a ce6e. OH .6.eAaJ\ Beet .... mOObl Oblmb B ueampe BHUMaHUS! 60hbwe, YeM ero eeAUKUU conepxux HUKOAa TeCA8. Tom, B03MO}KHO, B AeucmsumeAbHocmu 6blA maxaarnxuaee 3AucoHa, HO UMSI ero ocmaaaxocs B rneau, B 1915 rOAy crnaxu noroaapuaarne, srno 3..1UCOH u T ecxa 6YAym COBMecmHO ysocmoeaer 3saHUSl xeypeemoa H06eAeBcKOu npeMuu S OOA6cmu <pU3UKU. Ha caMOM aexe npeMillI OblAa B pyxeue ASyM aHrAuucKUM ¢U3UKaM. TOAbKO snocxeacmeuu cmaso U3Becmno. srno Hooexeecxuu KOMumem CHal..[aAa AeucmsumeAbHo ocmaHOBUACSI Ha K8HAuAamypax TeCAb[.\;I 3.o.ucoHa~ HO nOCAeAHUU omxaaexcs paaaexums npeMuJO c Tecxou. K mOMy BpeMeHu 00, B

.omxusue om T ecxsr ~ Y>Ke nOAb30eaACSl HaAe)KHOU uaeecmsocmsio u npeanosex omxeoaurns BblCOKYIO xecrns, HO He n0380Aumb np03B Y4amb UMeHu conepauxa.

ECAU B hI 3aHUMaeme aeasrcoxoe nOAQJKeHUe U OHO He .b.aem OC06b1X waHCQB npuaxe-n, K ce6e B HUMaHue t 3cpcpeKmUBHblM npueMOM cmauern arnaxa Ha caMYlO 3aMemHyJO, caMYIO CUAbHYJO, caMYKl 3HaMeHumylO AU\.IHocmbt AO KaKOU mOAbKO BbE CMOJ'Keme ~.6.0m5lHymbC.sJII.

Kor Aa B Ha'"laAe XVI cmoxemus nbempo Apemuao, xomopsiu B K)HOCmU 6blA acero AUWb yyeHUKOM nexarnauxa B PUMe, aaxomex npUBAe"lb K ceee BHUMaHue KaK K CO'-lUHUmeAIO cmUXOB r OH peuiu» onyoxusoeerns cepuo cernupusecxux crnuxorneopeuuu, BblCMeusalOWUX nany Puwcxoro u era npuasaaanocrru, K PY4HOMY CAOHY. 3mo H8 n aae Hue HeMe.ta.AeHHO npUHeCAO ApemUHO uaaecmuocms. KAeaemHU'ieCKUe HanaAKU Ha CUAbHblX Mupa cera 06bJYHO

UMelOm CXOAHb[lJ 3¢¢eKm. Ho nOMHume, smo 3mUM npueMOM He cxeayern 3Aoynompe6A.SImb nocxe moro, KaK Bbr y>Ke cmaxu 06beKmOM oourecrnseuuoro BHUMaHUH. - amo MO}Kem npuseemu K 06pa mHOMy peoy Abmamy.

OKa3aB WUCb Ha B UAY ~ B bJ Momeme noaaepacueams uarnepee K ceoe, aapsupys u npucnocaox UBaSl K oocrnoamexscmaasi CBOU Mem04 npUBAeyeHU5iI B HUMaHu.SI. ECAU amoro He ..t..ehamb J nyoxuxe cma Hem CKy"tHO U OHa nepeaecem CBOU uamepec Ha apyrou o6beKm. Hrpa mpe6yem nocmOS!HHQU 6la.UmeAbHocmu u rnsop-recxoro nOlLXOAa.

na6AO Iluxecco HUKor Aa He n03BOAflA ceoe CAumbCSI C q,OHOM. Kor aa ero UM.ij HaYUHaAU npus bIYHO CBSJ3blBamb C K8KUM-J\u60 onpeAeAeHHb!M cmuxew, OH nOpIDKaA nyol\UKY cepueu HQBblX HeO)KUAaHHblX pa6om. Ay-nue BblBecmu U3 pasuoeecua 6e306pa3HblM mBOpeHUeM~ .A.YMaA OH~ l..[eM n03BOAumb 3pUmeA5IM CAUWKOM npuasucnyrru, K MoeMY cmUAIO. Cxeayem nOHUMam b: AlOAU ucmarnsmajom '-r)' B crnso npeaocxoacmsa no omaourenu ro K rnesi, YbU AeucmBUSI Morym npeacsaaams. ECAU BbJ noxasceme UM, xrno HaXOAUmC5!: Ha asicome nOAOmeHU.SI

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urpaa npornue ux oacue.auuu, Bbl pa30M Ao6bemeCb YBa>KeHU5I u cmaxerne 06beKmOM ewe 60Aee npucmaxsxoro BHUMaHUSl.

AamopwnemH.O€ »neuue. ..nOKa3blBau ce6SJ, 6y.6..b Ha BUAY •.. T 01 xero He BUA5Im, KaK DbJ He cywecmayem ... J.1MeHHO csern Sl:BUACs:.t nepSOnpU1..lUHOU. 6AarOAap51 xornopou BOCCUSl:AO Bee msopeaue, ileMOHcrnpauus 3anOAHSJem MHorue npo6eAbl, npuxpsraaem HeAOcmamKU U .6.aem B ceMY a mopyio )KU3Hb, oco- 6eHHO B mOM CAY4aet eCAU OHa nozxpenxeaa ucmUHHblMU AocmOUHcmBaMU~ (6ai\bma3ap Fpauuex).

4ACTb ]1. C03ftABAYt OPEOA TAvtHCTBEHHOCTYi

B 6aHdJlbHOM U CKY'1HO.N J.1.Upe mo, limo KaJKemC51 3dZda04HblJ.t~ ripumsuueeetti. H uKoz3a He 06bJlCH.fUlme CJlUWKOJvt. «emxo, l{mo 6bl oeneetne U.ll U ueu«: peu bl C8eJlamb. He pec« pueeume ace «epms«. Am~"-1oc4>epa meuucmeeuuocmu 8036blCum Me. One: nopooum O)KUaaHUe - see 6yaymt He ornoueesu:», C.J.iompef!lb Hd sac, 4mo6bl Y6u8emb, limo )ICe npousouoern. J1cn0J1b3yume maUHY, 4mo6bt 06~~aHbleamb, coO.rla3H.R.mb u 8aJKe ycmpawamb.

C06A~AEHHE 3AKOHA

C 1905 roaa B [lapuxce nOSlBUAUCb cxyxu 0 IOHOU BOCmOYHOU )KeHWUHe, xomopas maaueaaxa B HeKoeM l.faCmHOM aOMe, no-

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crnenenxo copacsreas oxymsraasusue ee syaxu. )KYPHar\ucm,

BUAeB uruu ee rna He U, nucax: -Exucmea AparoueHHOCms:lMU U 5AaroyxaSl: apoMamaMU, iKeHWUHa c Bocrnoxa 5.16 UI\aCb B Es pony, ym06bl npuB Hecmu mOAuKY BOCmO\..lHoo. pOCKOWU U unema B npecsnuexayio }KU3Hb enponeucxux ropOAOBIt. Bcxope BeeM ernehO U3BecmHO UMSI maHUOB UlUUbI: Mama Xapu.

B Ha~aAe mora rosa, 3UMOU, He6oAbWa5.! u36paHHas:.! ayaumopU5I cooupaxecs B caxoue, ODcmaBAeHHoM UHAUUCKUM U cmamysMU U ApyruMu peAKOCm5l:Mu. Opxecrnp ucnoxu SlA npouaseaeaus, HaBe51HHble UHAUUCKUM U U 5InOHCK UMU MomUBaMU. 3acmaBASl:.~ 3pU rnexeu )K1I.amb U crnpoums Aora.6.KUt Mama Xapu HeO)KUAaHHO nOSlBt\5IAaCb B CBepKaK>LUeM xocrruowe: KOpOmK85l 6eAaSi KocpmOYKa U3 xxonxa 6blAa yxpauiena B UHAUUCKOM crnuxe sparoueaasrMU KaMHSlMU; 06pY4U Ha maAUU, maK)Ke Bee B KaMHSIX, nOAAep)KUBaA U C apou r ~ xornopeni He cmOAbKO CKpbIBaA, c KOAbKO OOHa>KaA; PYKU CHU3Y soeepxy YKpawaAU opacxemsr. Mama Xapu na '-IUHaA8 maneu B C muxe, xaxoro HUKmo a Ilapuace AO mex nop He a U.6.eA~ U]B UB asc b seeM meAOM, mos HO B mpan ce. OHa roeopuxa B036Y)K.AeHH blM U 3aXB al.JeHHblM 3pumeJ\SiM, -imo ee manus: - smo paCCKa3bI, nepeaaiouiue COAep}KaH ue UH.A.UUCKUX MUCPOB U CKa30K 5InoHUU. B CKOPOM BpeMeHU cmoxnsi napuxccxoro oouiecmea. a maiose noc t\bI U3 Aai\eKUX cmpau c 60eM AOOUBaAUCb npur xaureHU.fI B mom Cai\OH, rAe, no cl\yxaMt Mama Xapu rnaaueaaxa pumyaAbHble rnanust OOHa)KeHHQu.

ny6AuKe xomexocs 3Hamb 0 xeu 60Abwe. Taauoeuiuua paccK33aAa my paaxucrnav, xrno no npoucxoxcaeatno OHa rOAAaHAxa, HO B srpocxa aa ocmpoae 5iBa. PaCCKa3aACJ OHa U 0 B peMeHU, nposeaeu HOM eio B I1HAUU, r .6.e OHa U ooy YUAaCb 06PSlAOBbiM uuayucmcxuw maHU8M, U 0 mOM, -rmo UHAUUCKue meHWUHbI o(y MeFOm MemKO em peA.s:tmb. cxaxams sepxow, B bl~UCA5[mb xoraPUCPMbl u 6eceAOBamb Ha ¢UAOCO¢CKue meMbl>t. K xerny 1905 roaa, xorna AUWb HeMHorue napuxcaae BUAeAU rnaxust Mamb1 Xapu, ee UM5l: 6bll\O Y ecex Ha ycmax.

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no Mepe mora KaK Ma ma Xapu Aa B axa Bee HOB ble UHmepBbKJ, ucrnopus ee >KU3HU MeHSlAaCb: pOCAa B HH.6.UU, ee 6a6YWKa 6blAa A04epbJO .s:JBaHCKOU npuuueccsr, )t{UAa Ha ocrnpose CYMampa~ r.6.e npOBOAUAa AHU ~CKa4a sepXOM xa KOHe, C pymbeM B pyKe U pUCKySi ceoeu }KU3HbJQ)t. HUKmo He 3HaA auxero onpeaexeaxoro, HO ra3emYUKOB He cMywaAu pa3HOlJmeHU5t B ee 6uorpa<J:>uu. OHU cpaSHUBaAU ee C UHAUUCKllM oomecmSOM, C03AaHueM~ courea WUM co crnpaauu 60AAepa. Hx Boo6pameHue nOACKa3bmaAO ace HOB ble oOpa3bJ M5[ cpaaaeHUll C smou mauxcms eHHOU rocrnseu c Bocmoxa,

B ee rycme 1905 roaa Mama Xapu B nepesie BbJcmynuAa nepez, W UPOKOU eyzumopueu. T OAnbl, cropas wue om aemepneuua Y B uaems ee B Be4ep npeMbepbl, ycmpouxu BOAHeHU5l. Teneps oua cmaxa KY hbmOBOO cpurypou. nopOAUB uieu MHO)Kecrnao noapasca HU U. OAHa raaerna nucaxa: I{Mama Xapu - aonxoureunaa nO,)3U5I HHAUU, ee MucmUUU3Mt syacmeeaaocms. runHOmU1..[eCKOe o-repoaaaue t., ApyraSl 3aMe"taAa: ItECAU HHAUSJ 60rama maKUMU COKPOBUUlaMU, Bee q,paHUY3bl CKOPO nepe6epymcs Ha 6epera raHra~.

C KOpO CAaBa Mambl Xapu u ee pu my aAbHblX UHAUUCKUX meuuee B b1WAa aa npeAeA bl Ilapuaca. Ee npur AawaA U B Bepxu», BeHY, MUAaH. B rne-tenue HeCKOAbKUX hem OHa recmpoxupoaaxe no Eapone, Bpaw351cb B BblCWUX COUUI.AbHblX Kpyrax U noxy: .. la~ roxopapsr, AaBaBwue ell. He3aBUCUMocmb~ xornopou peAKO nOAb30aaAUCb >KeHWUHbl rnou snoxu, 3ameM~ He3aAOAro .6.0 KOHua Ilepsou MUPOBOU BOUHb1, OHa 6blAa apecmoaaaa BO cDpa HUUU, Ee AonpocUAU, npea bs:JB UAU 06B uneaue U CyAUA U KaK repMaHcKY10 umuouxy, T OAbKO Ha cyae BcnAblAa npaaaa: Mama Xapu n puexaxa He c SlSb) U He U3 HHAUUt He pocAa B A3UU, B ee )K uxax He meKAO HU KanAU BOCmOYHOU KpOBU. Ee uacmoauiee UM~ CblAO Maprapema 3eAhet U POAOM OHa 6blA8 U3 cpAer MamUYHOrO cesepaoro ropoaxe ¢PUC AaHA B r OAi\aHAU U.

TOAKOBAHHE

Koraa Maprapema 3eAAe npuoswe B [lapuxc B 1904 roay, Bee' KapMaHe Ae}KaAO nOA¢paHKa. OHa OblAa OAHQU U3 mbIC~'"i MUAOB UAH blX AeBY urea, cmexas uiuxca B Flapuac Ka)KAbnJ ros, 1..fmOOb[ Haumu peoorny Hamypwuu, maHUOBWUU B H01.(HOM KAyOe UA u cmamucmos B ¢OAU 6ep)Kep. L{epe3 HeCKOAbKO hem, Kor Aa UX HeU36eJKHO 3aMeHS!AU OOAee K)Hble AeSYWKU, UM ocrnas aAOCb OKaH'-I.UBamb AHU Ha nauexu Ur\ U B03B pa urarnscs

. AOMOU nocma pee. WUMU u paCKa.s:lB WUM UCSl.

3eAAe UM exa 60l\ee asrcoxue aM6u uuu. OHa He Y M.eAa maHueB a rru, U HU kor aa He paoornaxa B meampe~ \ HO B Aemcrnee ny mewec mBOB axa c ceMbeu, u eu n PUXOAUAOCb B uaerns maHUbl }K umexeu 516 br u Cy Mampbl. 3ehAe n pexpacuo nOHUMaAa.

93

4mo B ee nxaue SaI'KHbr OblhU He caMU no ce6e rnaauer, He 1\ UUO UAU q>urypa, a mo, yaacmcs AU eu oxymerns ce6S1 OpeOi\OM maUHb1. Tauaa, xornopyjo OHa coaaexa, 3aKAIOl.[aAaCb He B ee rnaaue, KQCmJOMax:. He B ucrnopusx, elO paCCKa3aHHbIX~ He B 6eCKOHeYHOU A}KU 0 ee npOUCXO>KAeHUU: sma rneuaa 3aKAIO'-IaAaCb B amMoc$epet OKPY>KaSWeu Mamy Xapu U B ce ee nocmynKU. 0 HeO HUl..IerO He 6bJAO U3BecmHO HasepHSIKa. OHa nocmosxHO MeHSlAaCb J YAUBA5ISI CBOUX noxumernexeu HOB MMU Hap5lAaMU ~ HOBblMU masuawu, HOBblMU paCCKa3aMU. 3ma mauacmaeauocrns npu msrusaxa ny6A UKY t rna >KB>KAaAa Y3Hamb 601\ sure, Q>KUAaSi cl\ellylOwero XOAa. Mama Xapu 6b(Aa He xpacuaee, t.leM 601\ bWUHcmBO npuesaca IOWUX B napu>K AeByweK, OHa He max Y* xopouio maxueaaxa. Ee aar asxa B bEAeA~Aa ee U3 Maccblt npuexeKaAa U YAep>KUSaAa BHUMaHue spurnexeu, A8BaAa eli cxasy u ooraf'!'lcma O. AKM.U 5e3 y Ma om maua. nOCmO.slHHO mpeeys YCUAUO AASI pa3raAb1BaHu.Sl~ mauHbl HUKor Aa He Ha..6.0e.6.8JOm. 3ar aao .... Hoe He YAaemC5I cxaernums. A rno, smo HeAb3S1 U3Me· pu rns U ynompe6u rns, nopO>KAaem axacrns.

KI\K)4H K BI\ACTH

B ApeBHocmu MUp 6blA HanOAHeH YJKBCHblM U Hen03HaeaeMbiM - 6oAe3Hu, xarnacmpodns, xanpuausre Aecnombl~ maUH.3 cMepmu. TOt 4mo He y.t..aBaAocb noasrns, A10AU nepeocwsrcxuaaxu B Mu¢>ax. Cnycms aexa, O.6.HaKO~ c nOMOWblO HaYKu U 3Apasoro CMblCl\a y.6.a ..... ocs ocsemums MpaK. To, \.Imo npe>KAe 6blAO 3arSAO'4HblM U 3anpemHblM~ meneps crnaxo nOH5ImHblM U npUBbl'iHblM. Ho sa srno npUWAOCb nxamurns: B Mupe I HblHe 6aHaAbHoMt AuweHHOM 3araAOK U MUCPOB, Mb1 arneuae Mel..lmaeM 0 Hen03HaBaeMOM, 0 AJOASlX uau aeuiax, KomophJe HeB03MO>KHO AO KOHua 06bSJcHumb~ uawepume, ucnoxssoaarns.

:Jmo BAac rns mauacmeeaaoro: OHO no6y>KAaem cmpoums BCe HOB ble aarasxu t mpeBOJ1{Um BOOOpa)KeHUe, aecrnaexaern Hac sepums, -imo aa HUM cxpsraaemcs Hel.{mo BOAwe6Hoe. Mup cmax maKUM 06bl.1.eHHblM.~ aero oournarnexu cmOAb npeAcKa3yeMbl! n03'mOMY, eCAU oxymarns l..[mO-Au60 nOKpoBOM maUHbEt smo no-unu HaBepHSlKa nonaaern B ueump. oceeureasoro npOJ'KeKmOPOM xpyra U aacrnasum Hac pa3rAs:JAblsamb ero.

He Boo6pa>Kaume. limo MSI moro, "'ImOObl coaaarns alTlMocq,epy rneuacmeeaaocrnu, HY>KHO 6blmb BeAu~ecmBeHHbL\'\ U BHYwamb 060>KaHue. Teuaa ymoH1..IeHHast u mpy AHOOTTlAUtiUMa5l~ cnxernasourasrC51 U3 c06blmuO seuieu noeceaaeeaou >t<U3HU, nopaxcaem u npusxexaern ropaaao CUAbHee. nOMHume: 6oAbWUHcmBO I\JO..6.eu omKpblmbl, ux MO)f{HO \.Jumamb, KaK KHUry, OHU MaAD saoornsmcs 0 «oampoxe HaA CBOUMU CAOBaMU U 06hUKOMt OHU oe3HaAe)KHO npeAcKa3yeMbL 6YAbme aa 3aAHeM nxaae, MeHbwe roaopurne, nopoO BCmaaA5ISI ABYCMblCAeHHb[e ¢pa3b]~ ooAYMaHHo xaxeumecs

94

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II

HenOCAeAOB ameAbHblM. noaaoxsume ceoe exe yAoa UMble cmpaHaocrnu - u B oxpyr sac nOSfBUmC.sI opeox mau acrnaeanocmu. OKPY:>KaiOWUe 3ameM ycux sm smorn opeox, nOCmO.SlHHO nsrmascs mpaxrnoaarm, eac.

KaK XyAO>KHU KU, max U MoweHHUK u, nOHUMalOm: AASl moro 4mo6bJ npus ..... exa rns unmepec, HeOOXOAUMa rnauncmeenaocrns. rpa¢ Buxrnop Aocmur, apucmoxparn cpesu )KyAUKOB~ 6AecmSlwe

·OBAaAeA srnou urpou, OH Beer Aa cosepurax Heo6b[l..[Hbie nocmynKU. napoli OHU Ka3aAUCb AuweHHb'MU CMblCAa. OH nOA be3}1{aA K <PeweHe6eAbHb1M omeA5lM B AUMY3uHe c wocpepoM-SinOHueM. HUKOMY AO smoro He npUXOfa.UAOCb B userns snonua urodiepe, smo Ka3aAOCb 3K30mu'-teCKUM u cmpaHHblM. Aiocrnur HOCUA caMyJO aoporyo OAe>KAY, HO xenpeweaxo KaKa.shr\UOo AemaAb - Me.a.8Ab, UBemOK~ HapyKaeHa~ nOBSl3Ka - HaXOAUAaCbt MSlrKO rOB opst , He Ha Mecme. 3mo Ka3aAOCb He cmOAbKO Oe3BKYCHblM. .CKOAbKO 3KcueHmpUliHb[M U uarnpuryouiua.

B OmeA.SlX MO)KHO 6blAO euaerns, Ka K OH 6e3 KOHua nOAy\.[aem cooouieaus 04HO aa ApyruM - ux npUHQCUA eMy mlOHeu-woq,ep. OH pespsieex 3anUCKU C Bblpa)KeHUeM xpau'Hero HerOAOaaHUSl:. (Ha caMOM AeAe srno 6b1AU "iUcmb1e xucrrua .6yMaru.) Aiocrnur cusex Ols.UH B rocrnuxou, yumaA 60AbWYlO I IHYwumeAbHoro B UAa KHUry ~ YAbJOaSiCb 1\ lOAs:lM ~ HO He ecrnynaa II oouieuue. 4epe3 HeCKOAbKO AHeuf ecmecmseauo, Bee oeumarnexu omexs cropaAu om >KeAaHU:Q yasems ymO-HuoYAb 00 JmOM crnpeuao« 1-IeAOseKe.

Bee smo B HUMClHue nOMoraAO Aiocmury ooeoaurns npocrnaxos soxpyr naxsua. OHU np5l.MO-maKu mpeooeaxu ero BHUMBHUSI U oouiecrnaa. K8)I{,6.bIU xornex, '-tmo6bl ero B UAeAU B KOMnaHUU C 3araAot.tHblM apucmoxpamow, OAYPMaHeHHble 3mUM oOpa30M, exenusr U He 3aMe'-laAU! KaK UX rpaosm.

AmMocc$epy mau Hbl nocpeacmeexaocrm, MO}Kem ucnoxsaosarm, ANSI morot 4mo6br xaaarnscs yMHee u rAy6>Ke. 3mo noxor AO Marne Xa pu I meHWUHe C PSiAOBOD B aeuraocrnsjo U HeBbJAalOwuMcSI UH meAAeKmOM~ noxoaums Ha 6oruHlO, a ee maHuaM K83ambCSl OO>KeCmBeHHblMU. Tauxa, OKpY>KalOwaSi xy AO>KHUK8, AeAaem ero npOU3Be.6.eHus:J 60Aee uHmepeCHbIMU - rnpox, xornopsni c ycnexow npUMeHSIA MapCei\b tuowaH. 3mo O"leHb npocrno: nOMeHbwe roaopu 0 ceoeu peoome, wymu U 3a.urpbfsau, AaeaSl 3aoaB HbJe, nopou npornunopevuasie KOMMeHmapuut a nornow npeaocmae» ApyruM U3BAeKamb U3 acero arnoro CMblCA.

AlOAU aaraaoxasre CmaB5Im Apyrux B nOAO>KeHUe HU}Ke

. ce651j ma« KaK spyrue nsrmaiomcs ux noaams. A506umeAu aar aAOl.{HOrO opeoxa cmapajomcn Bee oKpy*amb ueonpeaexeuHocmblO U Heu3BecmHocmb1O. Mao U33AYH, K npuwepy, YMeAO nOA..:1epm U BaA aar a..6.0YHbJU UM UA)I{; eM y He n PUXOAUAOCb n puAaramb cma paHUU, ym06br B bJr As:J..6.emb HenOCAeAOBameA bH brM

95

06 pee: rnaaeu C By aA51fo'\ u.

By ai\ U oaymsreeiom mauuoeuiuuy. TOj xmo OHU

n pu 0 m K p blB a 10 m, Bbl3bJBaem a OAHeH ~e.

To, ymo nOA HUMU cxpsraaernca, B036Y~Aaem uurnepec. Kauumscceauua mauHbl.

Ut\ U n pomu B ope-rue hiM - npomuaope-nmocms eaMUX ero nocmy nKOB U CAOB 03Ha1..Jafl.aj srno OH Beer Aa Ha B srcorne nOAO:>K.eHu.Sl. BceM~ Aa1Ke era ;>K eHe. Ka3aAQCb, xmo Mao HeS03MO)KHO nousrru., U arno npuaasaxo eMy BeAU"IU5I. 3mo maiose 03Ha1..[ahO~ \{mo oouiecrnaeuuocms sceraa COXpaHSl:Aa unrnepec K HeMY, C 6ecnoKoOcmBOM O)Kuaa~ c,r\eAYK)WerO urara.

ECAU oouiecmseun oe nOAOi'KeHUe He n03BOr\ sern BaM nOAHOcme-o ckpsraams aauru AeucmBU$J. cxesyem no KpaUHeu Mepe Hay -iurnsc H 6b~mb M eHee om K pblmb1M. BpeMH om B peMeHU COB epurau me noc my nKU, He coornnerncme yiouiue mOMY ~ 4ero )KAym om aac AIOll.U. T ax BaM YAacmCH AepMamb UX B Hanp5DKeHUU u npuaxekarne K ce6e B HUMaHue~ '-I mo caexaern eac CUAbHee. 3a-raAKaj ecxu npaeuxsuo nopeoornems HaA ee C03AaHueM, MQ)Kem Bbt3Bamb uxrnepec maxoro copma, ymo uaeeaem Y>Kac Ha eauiux eparos.

80 BpeM5I 2-u. nYHU\.IeCKOU BQUHbI (219-202 rOAb1 AO H.3.) BeAUKUU Kap¢areHcKuu nOAKOBOh.eU raHHu6aA onycmourax U pa3pywaA Bee H8 caoew nymu K PUMY. r aHHu6aA 6blA ussecrnea yMOM U ASYAUt.iHOCffibK}. nOA ero KOMaHAOBaHueM apMUfi Kapcparena, ycmynaB uias PUMCKOU no '-IUCAeHHocmu, npeBOCXOAUl\a ee cmparneruvecx U U maKmU'-IeCK U. Ho Born OAHa}KAbJ pa3seA 1.fUKU raHHu6aAa, Aonycmua rpyoeuuryio OWU6KY~ aaaexu BOUCKO B 60AomucmylO MecmHocmb, max xmo n03aAU y HUX OKa3aAOCb Mope. PUMCKoe BOUCKO nepexpsixo eAUHcmseHHblU npOXOA xepes rops: B rAy6b MamepUKa, U ¢a6uu, nOAKOBOAeu PUMJ\)lH, mopscecmBOB aA - OH 3aMaHUA B AOB yuncy caMora r aHHu6aAat PaccrnaBUB nocrru.i, OH 061s.YMblsaA nAaH nooeaoaocaoro CpaJKeHU5t.

Ho r Ay6oKOU H01..JbK> KapaYAbHble YBUAeAU BHU3Y uexrno nenouamuoe: K rope HanpaSh5lAaCb rpOMaAHaSl sepeauue orneu. T bICHl.JU U rnetcs-ru orseu, ECAU srno 6blAa apMUSl r aHHu6aA3, mo OHa B blpOCAa B cornuu paa, l.IacoBb1e rOpSl:40 cnopuxu 0 mOM, -irno arno MorAO osaa-ram»: nosxpenxeuue C MOP.st? BOUCKO, xomopce nparnaxocs B 3acaAe? Flpuspa KU?

T eM B peMeHeM oruu paCCbmaAUCb no eceu rope, CHU3Y AOHQCUAC5i Y mac HbnJ wy M~ CAOBHO maM rnpyouxu MUAAUOHbl poros. 3mo aeMOHbJf peWUAU -racoseae. CaMble Y MHble u xpaopete B PUMCKOU apM U u, KapaYAbHble B naauxe nOKUHY AU CBOU nocmsi.

Ha Apyrou AeHb raHHu6aAa Ha 6ohorne He OKa3aAOCb. B '-IeM >Ke cocrnosxa er o yAOB Ka? He npuaaax me OH U B np5lMb AeMOHOI3 aa nOMOWb? Ha caMOM l1.eAe OH npuxaaax npus saams ny-ncu nemOK K par aM mblC5lYHQro cmaaa 6blKOB, xomopsre WAU B 0603e ero apMUU U ucnOAb30BaAUCb l1.AH mepmBonpUHoweHUU. Kor Aa BemKU noaoxcr AU, B03HUKAO anevarnxeaue, -irno ropy oxpyxcaem HeCMemHoe BOUCKO. KaK mOAbKO orous cmax o61Kuramb KO)KY JoKUBOmHbJXf me pa36e>KaAUCb BO Bee cmopOHbl C AUKUM MbJ4aHUeM, max -rrno ora u cmaxu pac npocrnpaxamaca no CKAOHaM roper. y cnex amoro npuewe, OAHaKO~ He B caMUX no ce6e OfHSiX uxu

wyMe. a B uepaapeuiussou 3aAa\.le. nocrnesxenaou raHHu6aADM nepez sparow, - aarasxa 3aXB.amUAa BHUMaHue 1..JaCOBblX, npUBeAa UX B yxcac U ooparnuxa B oercrnso.

ECA u aac aa rHaAU B yrox, nouMaAu B AOBY wKy f eCAU npUXOAUmC5I 060pOH5.lmbC5i~ nocmaa erne npocrnou 3KcnepUMeHm:

COBqlwume Het...JmOt xmc HeAb3SI AerKO nOH5I.mb UA u ucmOAKOsamb. flycms smo 6YAem 06bNHbiU nocrnynox, HO 06cmaBAeH~

~ ·HbIU max, 4mo6bl courru, c mOAKY aauiux neapyroe, - AonYCKaJOWUU MHomecm so mOAKOBa HU U, aeAalOwuQ He.flCHblMU aawu HaMepeHufi. HeAOCmam01..[HO Oblmb npocmo uenpeacxe- 3yeMb~M (xomx U arna maxmuxa MO>Kem npuuecrnu ycnex - CM. 3aKoH 17). nOAo6HO r aHHuoaAY ~ nocmaesrne cnexrnaxxs, HenOAAaK>WUUC5I nOHUMaH uio, Ilycrru, B BaweM Aeucmee He 6YAem CUCmeMb[, MemO.6.a, npUYUHbJ - uuxaxoro 06b5lCHeHU5I. ECAU Y aac nOA ysurncs, B bl 6YAeme B Hywamb cmpax u mpenem, U xapay 1\ bHble c6ery m co caoux nocrnoa, Ha30aeM srno .. maKmUKOU 6e3YMHoro faMAema)., Be.6.b repou lllekcnupa ucnOJ\b30BaA ee OtieHb ycneunro, ny r as:.! csoero Om1..[UMa KAa6~ AU~ HenOHSlmHbIM noaeaeauess. Y cmpaxa r xeaa seAUKU: 6Aaro~ AapSl aaraexe aauru BOUCKa OYAym Ka3ambC5I 50Aee MHOrO"lUC- ' AeHHblMUt a eauia BAacmb - 60Aee ycmpauratoureu.

AemopumemHoe »utenue. -He ornxpstaaaci, cpaay, Er.lb~"AeAaeWb ~:)}KUJ1aHUe 60Aee Hanp:SVi<eHH"bIM .•• OOAMeWUB au BO Bee yy m b-1..Jymb rna UH bl, U smo cawo c660u nopoeu m 6AaroroB euue. t..a B as 06b51CHeH us

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pa}f(aeWb nyms:tM 6o)Kecms eH Hb-IM~ aacmaexsts J\JOAeu meparnscs B Aor asxax U }f{Aambl• (Baxsrnaaap r pauua H).

96

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97

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B HaliaAe BOCXO)KAeHUSl BaM Heo6XOf..UMO npuaxese K ce6e BHUMaHue AIOOOU ueHOU. HO no Mepe nOA'beMa cxeayern nocmoSlHHO aAanmuposambCS[ K U3MeHeHUWto'\. He npuweaaurne nOAOAry O.6.UH u mom >Ke npuew, AmMoccpepa mauacmseaaocmu Ol.leHb xopowa MSI rnoro, xmo peoomaem HaA C03AaHueM eypsr BAacmu U xoxem cmarns 3aMemHbEM, HO npu :lmOM BblrASJAemb ypesaoaeWeHHblM U CA.ep)t(aHHblM. Mama Xapu 3aWAa CJ\UWKOM AaAeKO 8 CBOUX BblMblCAax. 06e.UHeHue ee B WnUOHaJKe, xoms 6blAO cpaAbWUBKOU, Bb1r AR.6.eAO pa3YMHb1M U 06ocHoBaHHb(M~ nOCKOAbKY U3-3a nocmOSlHHOO A>KU OHa crnaxa xaaamscs noaoapurnexsHOC! U fieC"IeCmHQu.. He .6.0nycKaumer Ym06bJ OKpy>KaJOwaSl sac rnauucmeeaaaa .4.b[MKa nocrneneaxo mpaHcq,0pMupoBaA8cb B penymauuo A>Keua. 3araAKu AOA>KHbJ B b[r M1Aemb HanoAoBuHY urpou, 3a6aBHOO U HeonaCHOU. He aaxoaume CAUWKOM AaAeKO U YMeume ornsrrpams Ha3afa..

DbJBaK>m BpeMeH8, KOr.6.a AYYWe He OKa3blBambCSI B uenrnpe oouiecmseaaoro BHUMaHUSJ, morae CKaHAaAbI U WYMuxa Hy>KHbJ MeHee scero, BHUMaHue K BaM He AOA1KHO aaaeaarns CUAbHblX Mupa cera UAU conepauxerru, C ux penymauueu - no KpaUHeu Mepe, noxa ux nOAO>KeHUe nposao. BbJ mOAbKO npourpaeme om cpaBHeHUSI. 3mo uexoe ucxyccmso - aaarrn., xor Aa 6opombcSI aa BHUMaHue, a sor Aa yurnu B meas,

/\OA8 MOHmee B cosepureacrnee BAaAeAa ucxyccmeow npuBAeKamb 8HUMaHue. OHa 6b[t\a POAOM U3 MaAeHbKoro ropozxa, eu YAaAOCb nepexowurru, cy Ab6y t cmams AI060B suueu ¢epeHua Aucma, a samew - q,aBopumKOU u nOAumUlieCKUM coaemauso« KOPOAst J\K)AOB UKa Baaapcxoro. B 3peAOM aoapacme OHa nornepsIta yYBcmso MepbL

B 1850 roey aecs t\OHAOH O>KUAah npeMbepbJ uiexcnupoecxoro -MaK6ema ~ c SeAU\.IaUwUM axmepoei moro speMeHu L[apAb30M luKOHOM KUHOM. SCSI aHr AuucKasr sxuma AOA}KHa 6blAa 6b[mb Ha cnexrnakxe. Florosapueexu Aa)Ke~ limo xopoxese Busmopus U npuau AJ\b6epm npescmeaym nepea ny6AuKoU. 06bP-[au mora B pesieau mpeoosax, tim06bJ K MOMeHmy npuosrmus xopoxea bl Bee y>Ke JaHSlhU CBOU Mecma. n03mOMY apurnexu coopexucs nopeasuie, U, xoraa xopoxese BOWha B CBOJO AO>KY, ece scmaxu U B cmpernuxu ee anAOAuCMeHmaMU. KopoAeBCK851 t.temaf HeMHoro B bl>KAaB I omaernuxa nOKAOHOM. Bee cexu, norac caem,

Bapyr rxaaa ecex npucyrncmayjotuux ooparnuxucs K home, pacnOJ\O>t<eHHOU npomua KopOAeBCKOu.: U3 menu Bb[WAa >KeHWUna u ycexacs Ha KpeCAO nOCAe xopoxea bl! 3mo 6blAa t\ol\a MOHmec. Ee meMHble SOhOCbJ yxpauraxa 0pUAAuaHmOBa.sr AUalleMa, ua nAeLiax 6b[AO AAUHHoe MexoBoe MaHmo. 3pumeAU nepeurenmsraaxucs B U3Y MAeHUUt r A5IASl~ KaK Ma HmU51 ua ropnocrnas ObJA8 copouieaa, omKpblB HU3KO AeKOAbmupOBaHHoe nxarruse U3 nyHUOBoro 6apxama. nyOAUKa· 3aMemUAa I xmo KopOAeSCKa.Sl yema uaoera-

98

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HUKor Aa He npoaexsurne U3AUWHero pseHUSI B cmpesweHUU 3aBAaAemb BHUMaHueM - nOA06H851 ma.o.Hocmb ceuaemeAbcmB yem 0 saureu HeysepeHHocmu, a HeysepeHHbJM He A8emcSI BAacmb. CAeAyem nOHUMamb, ~mo He aceraa B aauiux UHmepecax cmaaoaurnscs ueHmpOM B HUMaHU.sI, HanpUM.ep. 8 npucymcmBUU KOPOASI, KopOAeB bJ UAU xoro-rno paaaoro UM. KAaHs:JumeCb U Aep>KUmeCb B meau, He acrnynas B COCm:R3aHue.

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HAPYWEHHE Vi C06J\KJ.6.EHV1E 3AKOHA

B 1883 ro!J.y MOAOAOU YLleHblu HUKOAa Tecxa, cep6 no aauuoHaAbHocmu j mpy .6.UI\C~ B eeponeucxo-- omaexeuuu KOHmuHeHffiaAbHOU KOMnaHUU 3AUCOHa. OH 6blA 6Aecm~WUM uaoopema-

, meAeM, U L[apAb3 63yeAOp, MeHeA)Kep npean pusrnus U AU\.IH blU Apyr 3AUCOHat y6e}KAaA ero nonstmarns c-racmss B AMepUKe, npeAAO)KUB aanucarns peKOMeHAameAbHoe nUCbMO K caMoMy 3AUCOHY. T aK Ha yal\aCb !J.i\5I T eCi\bl )f(U3Hb~ AO C aMoro KOHua nOhHaSl ropecrneu U Hecr-laCmuu.

KorAa TeCAa npe s.cmaauxcs 3AUCOHY B Hsio-Itopxe. 3HaMeHumblU uaobpememexs cpasy B3Si.1\ era ua pa6omy. TeCAa UCKaA cnocoou Yi\yLiWUffib npuwumuexsre AUHaMO-M3WUHbl 3AUCOHa. Ha KOHeu OH n peAAO)KUA n oxaocrmoo nepeAe"amb UX KOHcmpYKUUiO. 3AUCOHY srno nOKa3aAOCb orpOMHOU paoomou, xornopas He 6yaem BbJnOi\ HeHa u cnycrns rO.A.bl, HO OH omBemUA: -Bsr noxy-rume 50 mblCSPi AOAAapoB eCAU CM01Keme srno caexams ....

T ecxa mpYAuACSl: HaA npoearnore AHeM U HOY.bJO U yme ... epea rots. npeacrnaaux 3HaYUmeAbHO yAy~weHHylO MOAeAb AUHaMO-Ma WUHbl c noxaocrnsio ae mOMamu3upOBaHHblM ynpaBJ\eHueM. OH npuuiex K 3AUCOHY, '-Im06bl paaaexums C HUM paaocrns u nOi\y4umb CBOU 50 mb1CSl4. Tom oAo6pUA yxy-uueHU.H. HO KOf Aa AeAO AOWAO f.O aener , CKa3ai\ MOAOAOMY cepoy: -Tecxa, ~bl He nouuwaeme awepuxaucxoro KlMopa!)I - U B3a· MeH npeAAO}KUA CKpOMHy 10 n peM UJO.

HaBs:l3\..1Ua ou useeu T eCAbl 6blAO C03f:,.aHUe Mexa HU3Ma, ucnoxsayiourero nepeMeHHbIU mOK. 3AUCOH me BepUA AUWb B nocrnoauusru mOK U He mOAbKO omxaaaxca nOAAep>Kamb UCCAeAOS8HUSl T eCAbJ, HO U AeAaA ace no 3.MO}KHoe , 4mo6bl ca60mupOBamb UX. TeCAa o6pamUI\CSI K KpynHoMy MarHamy U3 Ilurnrncoypra, .6.>KOPA}KY BecmUHraY3Y, omKpblBweMY COO+ cmBeHHYIO 3l\eKmpu'-tecKyJO KOMnaHUK). Becmuaraya nOAHOCmblO onxamux UCCAeAoeaHUSl TeCJ\bL U npeaAO)KUA eMY OyeHb BbirOAHoe corA2IWeHUe aa 6y..6.ywee C ElblCOKUM aBmopCKUM S03Harpa>KAeH ueM. (Paapeoomannsre T eCAOU see cucmewsr nepeMeHHoro moxa U B Hawu li.HU ucnoxsayiomcs KaK OCH06Hble.) Ho, nOCAe moro KaK 6blAU ocpopMAeHbl narneurnst Ha UM.fI T eCAbl~ HaWA UCb yyeHble t xornopsie BocnOAb30BaAuCb ero U306pemeHueM, ymaepacaaa, xrno OHU B blnOAHUi\ U AA~ Hero ocH08HYlO pa6omy. HMs:.! T eCAbl aarnepsxocs B aepesoepuxe, nYOAUKa Aame npunucsraaxa usoopemexue caMOMY BecmUHraY3Y·

LJepe3 rOA crnaxo U3BecmHO 0 neperoaopax Becrnuarayaa c

. A1K. nUpnOHmOM Mopr 8HOM a nepexynxe npeanpusrnua. Y CAOBueM MopraHa 6blAa AUKB UAauU5I. xournpaxrna c T eCAOU. BecmUHraY3 06b5!.CHUA Y4eHOMYI xmo KOMnaHUSI pa30I3Ui\aCb, eCAU 5bl eMy npUWi\OCb B blnAamumb B ce rouopapsi B coomsernc:mBUU c cor AaweHueM. OH npeAAO)KUA T ecxe B blKynumb ero

3ACTABb APyrl1X PAIiOTATb HA CEIl5I H nOAb3yi1C5I PE3YAhTATAMl1

J1cno.nb3yume yJ.1., 3H.aHU51. u 6elomHIO 8pyzux JVOaeu allfi npcoeusceuus: co6cmeeHHblX oen. TaKaR. nO~OU(b He mOJlbKO C3KOfio .. \tum eawu 4eHHble CU,llbl U 6pe.MR, NO U n puoec m edJ1 6oJK€C meeHHblu 0 peon npe yc neadJOL4e20 -ienoeexe. Beiuu no>tO~H.UKU 6yaym 3a6blmbl, eec Me 3anO.,I.·UHlm. HUKoz8a He 8eJlaume ce.uu tnozo, wno Mozym cbenem» aJlf1. Me Bpyzue.

101

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03H.a)K_Ob1-~ 6Clnpcmu8 «epe n axy ~ UQJi upompyino: «Ilpov» C dopoeu, cxaooe cyzqecmso, - il MOZY uacmynumb na me6Jl!» lJepc-

1 taxa H£ UC7 ~yUu..aCb u ocmaxacs na Menne, max «mo UOH Ita nee uacmynux, 1-iO He CMOl pmoat3umb. «He x6aAUCb, zoct W8UH WOk, 6eOb Jl maxan )ICe CU.AbHaJl, "KaK mbP> J ~ cxasasa 'lepei taxa. no c.'\_Q;.t mOAbKO pacxoxomascs. Totoa 'lepenaxa npeOAOJKUAa eMY t3cmpernumbcR xa XOAM ua cAeOywUjce ympo. Ha3a8mpaJ ) ioxa H-e Bcmaso COAH.1ie, Lf epena xa cnycmuxacs C XOA..,M K pexe, l3e Bcmpemusa Bezeuoma, - mom KaK. pa3 ffanpai3.uv .. cs 8 80 «fOOWOuH EezeMom~ He HOMCpWnbCJl AU H.a..M cusoii? Mozy noa wpwnbJ umo ne ycmYJl..A.1O 6a.M», - CKaJa.;ta

LJ epenaxa. EezeMomy 'W1Ca3aAaCb 3a6a8,-lOu maxas HeA.enaJl Bbt8YMxa, H. 0 0 H. co tAaCUA.CJl. 'lepeuaxa Besexa EezeMomy aepXamb 6 nacmu xoneu OAu1iH.oi1 8epe6KU.~ ,WKa OHa He

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ua U msn Y1 n 1> de pe8K)' .

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Ka.>KJblU U3 H.UX C01A.aCUACR, «mo 'lepenaxa pa81-l.a eMY no CUAC.

HW(020a He oeAau CaM mOlOJ «mo MOzym cdexam» Ja meti« Bpysue. 'lepenaxa sacmasuAa Bpyzux nopaoomams sa ceti«, a nouecmu Bocma-

nemeumsi aa 216 rnsrcsv .6.0I\AapOB - 60Abwa51 cYMMa, OAHaKO He cpae HUMaS! C ABeHaAUambK) MUAAUOHaMU, xomopsre KOMnaHUS[ 6blAct AOA>KHa eMY B ma BpeMS'- CllUHaHcUCmb[ AUUJUAU TeCAY AeHer, nameamos U B 3HaYUmeAbHOU Mepe npU3HaHUSl aernopems a B omnourea uu r AaSHoro u306pemeHUSI ero >KU3HU.

HM..sr rUi\beAbMO MapKOHU uaaceraa CB.sI3aHO C uaoeperneuuew paAUO. Ho HeMHorUM uasecmuo, xrno 8 npouecce peeomsi (MapKOHU nepeaax curHat\ sepea l\a-MaHw B 1899 rOAY) OH onupaxcs Ha peoy r\bmambl UCCAeAOBaHUU T eCAbl~ aanamearnoeexHble B 1897 roay. VI onarns Tecxa He nOAY\{UA HU aeser, HU npU3HaHUSl. Tee Aa U300peA He mOAbKO ssepremuvecxyo cucmexy nepeMeHHoro moxa, HO U UHAYKUUOHHblU asuramex», Ha AeAe UMeHHO OH stBA5IemcSI -omuo-i paAUO.. OAHaKO Bee ero usoeperneHU.sI He CMor AU .4.amb e.M.y uaeecrnaocmu.

B 1917 rOAY, xoraa, cmae cmepuxox, OH AO)KUBaA AHU B KpauHeO 6eAHocmu, T ecxa Y3HaA. t.lmo eMY npucyscaeaa 3AUCOHOBCKast MeAaAb AMepuKaHcKoro uncmurnyrna UH)f(eHepQB- 3AeKmpuKOB. OH omxeaexcst noxysunu, ee, .Bbl xornume, ~ CKa3aA OH~ - noxrnums MeHSI MeAaAblOt l..[m06bI .Sf npuKOAOA ee Ha AaUKaH u Bnycrny~ n03upoBaA B rneyeHUe ~aca nepeA cornpyAHUKaMU aawero uxcmurnyrna. Bbl 6b[ YKpaCUAU MOlt nUAJKaK, HO nonpe)KHeMY Mopume rOAOt..OM MOO yM~ He B CUAax omsams AOI\>KHOro eMy u ero maopeausea, 6AarOAapSl KOmOpb[M B 3H.3L1UmeAbHOu cmeneau 803HUK U cyurecmsyem sa W uacmurnym-.

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u eMY ue cocmasum mpyda )..o6umb 6blCmpbtx JKlt6om- 1-lb-LX. Tenepu nped-

MHorue AYMalOmt limo yYeHble, UMelOwue AeAO C OObeKmUBHblMU cpaKmaMUt cmosrn asnue MeAQ\.JHoro conepau '-IeCmB8, xomopoe nopmum }KU3Hb ocrnaxeaou yacmu -rexoeexecmaa. Huxoxa T ecxa maKJKe pa3AeASlA smy UAAJ03UJO. OH sepux, limo HaYKa He UMeem HUl.{ero oouiero c nOAumUKOUr 3a.SfBASlA. xrno era He 3a6om.srm ooramcmBO U cxasa. Co B peMeHeM, OltHaKOf smo peapyuiuxo ero Hay'-lHyJO pa6omy. Ero UM5I He accouuuposaxu HU C KaKUM B b[AaIOWUMC.sr usooperneauew j n03mOMY OH He Mor npuaxe-ucnoacopos K CBOUM UCCAe.o.OBaHUSlM. Pa3AYMblsaSi HaA BeAUKUMU 6yt..yWUMU u306pemeHu5IMu~ OH He YCAellUAt KaK apyrue peaaoposaAU ero nerneumsi u npUCBOUAU ero CAaB y.

OH xomex Bee CAf!Aamb CaMoCmosrmeAbHO, HO B pe3YAbmame yMep B nuureme.

3AUCOH ObJA noxaou npornueonoeoaorocrruoo Tecxu, OH 6b1AI nO)f{aAYU, He cmoxs SlpKUM MblCAumeAeM U uaoepemernexew. OAHa)KAbl OH CKa3aAt t.lmo eMY caMOMY Heo6s:J3ameAbHO 6b[mb MameMamUKOM, eCAU moro MO)K.HO HaHstmb. 3mo 6blA OCHOBHOO MemOA J.6.UCOHa. Ha caMOM AeAe OH 6brA AeAOBblM lieAQseKOM W

1W.AO)Kl.W, unto OH Y MeA noaa mb ce6~ t -ryrnxo y r aAblBa.s:J Bef.lHU5I u meHAeHUU u, a He noxnsyemce 3ameM Ha HUMasr AA5i peoomsr A y YWUX cneuuaxu cmoa B rnou UAU npeuscytuccnuiauu UHOU ooxacrnu. ECAU Y Hero (5 blAa B03MO)f(HOCmb 060K pacrns

102

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.6.eAaA. OAHaKO ero UMSI U3BecmHO c80eU xosecuuuu, U CHUM CBSl3blsalOm 60Abwee l.IUCAO omxasuuiaemc« om

~OHKypeHm08, OH srno .I\y ... uie. "ieM UM5I. TeCAblJ u306pemeHUO.

'YpOK .t..SOHKUU~ ao-nepastx, npuauanue aacxyr aa usoepeme-

Hue UhU ornx psimue He MeHee, eCAU He OOAee, B8)1(HOt ",eM

. elMO u306pemeHue. Bbl AOh}KHb[ ofiecne'-lUmb C BOU npaaa H8 U300pemeHue U noaabornumscs, 4mo6bl era y sac He YKpaAU u He BocnOAb30sat\UCb nAOlLaMU aaurux mSi)KKUX mpYAOB. AAR smoro cxeayern 6blmb 6AUmeAbHb]M U 6e3>KaAOCmHblM, nOMaAKUB arm, 0 CBoeM meopexuu ~ noxa B bl He 6YAeme y.,.epeHb~, LImo HaA HUM He Kpy>Ka m crnepsarnauxu. 80- smopblX, HaY'-IUmeCb U3BAeKamb asrroay U3 rnpyaos apyrux AlOAeu AASi npOABU>KeH USI coocmaeau b[X uxrnepecoa. BpeMSI 6ecueHHO~ a >KU3Hb xopornxa. nblma.sJcb AeAamb ace caMO· cmOSImeA bHO J S bt npe>K..6.eB peMeHHo usaocumece, pacrnpamume C80Kl 1KU3HeHHYlO saepruo. HaMHoro Ayt.lwe 6epe"lb C'BOU CUAbI ~ nOAb3YSlCb npOMaxaM U A pyrux ~ xaarnarm, HapaOom8HHoe UMU U HaXOAumb cnocoe npUCB aueams ce6e ux

AocmumeHUSI.

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60 P ylOm 6 KO.M.Jo1.e puuu u nponuuineuuocmu. fl u ca.M MHOlO€ yK pall.

Ho .R .Mozy eopoeamb C YMO..M.

T OM6C 3AUCOH, 1847-1931

KAIO"iH K BAACTl1.

B MUpe 8Aacmu Aeo.cmBYlOm 3aKOHbl A>KYHf "eO: ecms me, xornopsie oxomsmcs U y6usaiOm, u ecms MHO)KecmBo rnex, Kmo BbDKusaem sa cxem oxomsr Apyrux (rueasi, emepesrrueuxu), o.ru MeHee spxue, MeHee oAapeHHble U sacrno HecnocooHbl caMU BbffiOAHumb paeomy. xornopes npusexa Obl ux K BAacmu. 04.HlIIKO OHU paao OC03HaiOmt 'imo~ eCAU HaOpambcst mepneaus, 05s0ameAbHo AO)KAeWbC~~ '-tmo xrno-rno csexaem Bee aa me6SI. He OyAbme HaUBHbl: B mo CaMoe a.peM.st, xoraa Bb1 B nome xuua mpyAumeCb Hat.. CBOUM. npoexmosi, rpu<pb[ u CmepSHtTlHUKU Kpy>K.am Ha.a. BaMU, npUKU.6..b[Ba5l., KaK cMorym JKUmb. U .o.a>Ke npoUBemalOwe, ucnoxssys sawu maopxecxue cnocoeaocmu. 6ecnOAe3HO JoKaAOBambCf( Ha orno, UCx.O.6.Umb ropeYblO u rHeBOMt K8K nocmynaA TeCA8. t\yt.lwe aauiumums ce6s:J U BKAIO'-lUmbC.sr B urpy. Ilocmpoue ocaosaaue csoeu BAacmu~ CaM.U 6YAbme cmep5RmHUKOM~ U Bbl C)KOHOMume MHoro a.peMeHU U CUA.

OAUH U3 ASYX nOAIOCOB srnou urpbE MO>KHO npouooocmpuPOBamb Ha npussepe xouxucmasopa BaCKO HyHbeca Ae 6aAbOoe.. Y 6aAbOoa OblAa ueAb - omKpblmb 3AbAOpaAOt AereH4.apH:bui ropoa HeCMemHb]X COKpOB UW.

't~ xot«: 1WZ u 1-Utl3blXOB Bm, Alma U cnetuubaenu: atmo6bt CaMOMY lO1(Jl11l'b CJl 3 a JKt.dJom7-lblMU. B smo c..t.yttae, Baxe ec AU 11. ezo max )Ke 6bzcmpbl 'KaK y A10 qu~ ON. ne 6yoem nocnetiams 3 a06bl'leU. A Oem, eCA noxssosamic«

xo POUlU).Ut 1<.01-lJlJ.(U Kpe1l1CUMU KOMCHUijaMU. 11W a pa6 UAU pa6bl1iR 6y 8 cocmosnuu AoI3um ~mubu:.

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CAEnAJI KYPMlJ.A KypUl¥l~ vpeuus, WJ 1zpu6b C1cpecmu 3e.MA1O 8 1WUCKflX 1l1.t14U. HeCM01npJl na C..te11 o ua dee JK.t npoiio cxpecmu eu« 60Aee yc epmw. J;1. 1( steM Y 6bUO llPU,ll£)l(H..OU iJypOetKe? ApyZaJl C ocmpms: speuueu ymPY)f(OaAa c80u 1-te;KHbte MUlKU pa6011Wu, WJ~ He KO&I.PHJlCb 8 3e.M..\.eJ 'HdCAaJI(Oa..mCb 1LAO mpy80d apyzou. Be C11WUlt.O CAe1WU &lpbtmb JV{.MeHHOe 3epHO, ee 60umeAb lloopyza mym)Ke e xsamaxa.

r OTXOAb,A 3q>paJiM AeccMHr, 1729-17

B HaliaJ\e XVI sexa nOCAe AOArux "em 6eCYUCheHHbJX AuweHUU u CMepmeAbHbJX onecaocrneu OH oOHapymuA aoxasamexscmaa cyurecmeoaaxua aeAUKOU ooramou UMnepuu K iory om MeKCUKU, ua meppumopuu ceroexsurnero Ilepy. 3aeoeBaB UMnepulO UHKOB, aaexases UX 30AomOM, OH Mor crnams HOShIM Koprnecov. IlpooxeMa 6bJAa a mOM, -imo CAyXU 0 ero ornxpstmuu pacnpocmpeauxucs cpez,u cornea xouxucmaaopoa. OH He nOHUMaA, -rrno nOJ\OB UHa ycnexa COCm05lAa B mOM, 4mo6bJ nowazxuaarm, U BHUMameAbHO cxesume aa oKpymalOWUMU. Yepe3 HeCKOAbKO hem nocxe moro, KaK OH 06HapY>K UA MecmOnOAO>K.eHUe usmepuu UHKOB, COAAam ero apMUUt ¢paHCUCKO Flucappo, npezax ero, u 6aAb6oa Ka3HUAU. fluceppo B35M mo, K yeMY aoxrue roasr uiex 5at\b6oa.

Ha t..pyrOM nOAJQCe - )f{UBOnUCeu Ilernep naYAb Py6eHC, komopsni B KOHue csoeu xepsepu He cnpaBASMC~ c orpOMHbIM KOAU4ecmBOM 3aKa30B Ha «apmuasi. OH paspeoomex cucrnevy: B n pocrnopuou MacmepCKOU mpYAUAUCb AeC.slmKU H8H5ImblX UM npexpacasrx Xy.o.O)KHUKOB. OAUH cneUUai\U3UpOBaJ\C5I Ha OAe)KAet Apyrou asmucsiea ..... ¢OH, U mas AaAee. nOAY'iaAOCb smo-mo BpOAe koueeuepe, u 6l1.arOAap~ eMY ycneeaxu 3aKOHliumb 60Abwe noxomen, ECAU B MaCmepCKyK> 5lBA5IJ\C5.I C B U3umOM BIDKHbJU 3aKa31..fUKj Py6eHC pacnyckax Ha AeHb HaeMHblX >KUBOnucues. nOKa 38Ka3\.1UK Ha6AIO.6.aJ\ c 6aJ\KoHa~ Py6eHC paoornax B HeucmOBOM meMne u c xeaeposrnaou 3HeprueU. 3aKa3\iUK nOKUAaA MacmepCKYJO B BOCm()pre om pa6omocnoc06Hocmu smoro 1..(eAOBeKa~ komopsn; MO»cern xanucams cmOAbKO uieaes POB aa o~eHb xopornxuu CpOK.

. . Born K B UHm3cceHUUSi 3aKOHa: HaYLIumecb ucnOAb30Bamb APY-

rux BblnOAHSimb paoorny AA.sl sac u npuceauaams ce6e aacxyru ~ U Bbl noxy-rume 60}KeCmBeHHYJO cuxy U BAacmb. ECAU Bb! cuumaeme, srno aaJKHQ aCK> paoomy BbfnOAH5Imb CBOUMU pYKaMU, B b[ HUKor Aa He npOAB uaemecs AOemamOI..(HO AaAeKO U pa3AeAU me CYAb6y 5at\b6oa u TeCAbJ. Haueurne AJOaeu C YMeHueM u meopsecK UM nomeauuaxoa, xomopstx BaM HeAocmaem. Hausurme ux u cmaasrne Ha ureaespax CBOIO nOAnUCb UAU HaUAume cnoco6 npucsourru, ux pa6omy. TaK ux maABHmbl crneuyrn saWUMU, U MUP ye usum 6 sac renua.

BeeM xopouro U3BecmHO~ xmo nosmu HUKmo U3 COB peMeHHbrx nOAumUK05 caM He n uwem mexcrnsi BblcmynAeHUU. CBOUMU mpyaaM U OHU Obi He aaaoeeaxu U oaaoro roxoca, SeeM xpacuopeLI ueM U ocmpoy MueM, xaxoro 6bJ xa-recrnaa OHO HU ObIAO, OHU 065J3aHb' en u Ypau mepa-i - HaeMHbJM C04U HUmeA.slM pe-reu, Apyrue AfOAU B blnOAH5Hom paoorny - no ..... umUKU noxsayiornca pesy t\brna rna"", u. Hem UHa B mow, -rmo exacms maxoro copma AocmynHa Ka)K.6.0MY·

Ecms U apyroe npuweueaue srnoro JaKOHa~ He mpeoy iouiee napaaumupoaaa U5t na rnpyaax aauiux COB peMeHHUKOB: ooparnurnecs K npourxosiy - HeuCCs:!KaeMOMy ucrno-ruuxy 3HaHU51 U MYApocmu. Hcaax HbJOmOH HaJBah amo -crnoarns Ha nxesex ruraurnoa-. OH

104

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UMeh B BUAY, 1..!ffiO, .6.eAa5! CBOU ornxpuirnus, OCHOBbIBaAC:SI H8 AOcmU>KeHUSlX ll.pyrux. C xaeou reHU5.I OH 6blA 50 MHorOM 06S13aH (u caM srno nOHUMaA) cnoeu cnocoouocrnu C YMOM ucnOAb30Bamb oaapes u.sr Y l..IeHblX axrnu-nrocrnu, cpeaseaexoe b5l, BO:3pO}f{.6.eHU5L lllexcnup 3aUMcmB OBaA CIO}Kemb1, xapaxrnepucmUKU U ts.a>Ke AuaAoru, HanpUMep, y Ilxymapxe, max KaK 3Har\, '1mo Flxyrnapxy He 6bMO paSHb1X B onucauuu rnouvauurux nCUXOAorU4eCKUX ornmeincoe U B Y MeAOM uurnupos aHUU. A cKOAbKO nu carnexeu aa meM B CBOJO oxepeas JaUMCmaOBaAU Y WeKcnupa! TaK srno -nno - rinazuem? Hay-rurnecs nOAb3QBambCSi 3Ha HU5IMU npourxoro - U Bbl npocxsmeme reuue«, 6YAYl..(U Ha caMOM AeAe AUWb yMHblM 3aUMcmBosameAeM.

Ilucarnexu, uccxeayiourue npupoay YeAOBeKa; ApeBHue cmparneru: ucmopuxu, onucasuiue 4eAOBel.JecKYHJ rxynocrru, U oe3yMue; KOpOAU U xopoxea bl, U3YYU B wue He"erKoe ucxyccrneo Kecmu 6peM5I exacrnu, - ux 3Ha HU.fI nb[A$JmcSl, B ce srnu AJQAU npOWAoro OmU,6,alOm, xor Aa B br npuzeme U acxapaoxaernecs K MUM Ha nxe-ru. V1x pa3yM MO'Kem crnarns BaWUM pa3yMOM, UX YMeHue - B a WUM Y MeHueM, U OHU HUKor Aa He smsrmcsr, ~mo6b[ plCCKa3amb A K)A.s:JM , KaK B b[ Ha caMOM AeAe HeopurUHaAbHbl. M~HO ynopao peoomams BC[Q )KU3Hb, OWUDas:lCb cxose u CHOBa~ pacxoa y 51 B peM.sI U JHeprmo a nomamxex npuo6pecmu co6cmBeHHblu onsirn. A MO)K HO B ocnOAb30B arnsca AaCmU>KeHUJlM.U npourxoro. Euc-iapx cxasax OAHa)KAbl: ~AypaKu rOBO£R~~ xmo Yl..JamC5I H a onsrme. 51 n peano-rumaio n OAb30BambC5.I

onblmOM apyr ux 't.

06 pes: c meps sma UK. ~b B cex }KUmeAeU ~YHr heu y Hero CaMa5l: AerKasr AOASI. TpYAHy}Q pa6omy, xomopyio B bmot.. Hsuom Apy ru e, OH aeAaem

CB oeu paoornou, Hx Hey Aa '-I Hb1e non simx U

B bDKumb cma HOB smcs era KOpMOM.

Flocwornpurne aa cmeps 51mHUKa: noxa 8bl paoornaerne, OH

Aemaem noxpyr. He

60pu meCb C HUM ~ - npucoe.suaurnecs.

/vemopumemuoe .. wueuue. -Ecrns MHoroet -rrno HY}f{HO Y3Hamb. HO )oK U3H b xopomxa, a >KU3Hb 6e3 3HaHUSl: - He )KU3Hb. Ec rns npexpacxoe cpexcmao AA:H U3BAe4eHusr 3HaHU5I - on blm U paooma Apyrux. T a K j npu mOM -rrno nom n OSIB U mC5I Ha A6y ..o..pyroro, -a bl aapaoomaeme penymauuo opaxyxa- (Eaxsrnaaap Fpauuau).

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6blBaIQm cAy ... au, KOfAa npucaauaame ce6e pe3YAbmambi yY)f{Oro mpyaa Hepa3y MHO: eCAU aauia BAacmb ewe He COBCeM npo .... Ha, srno 6YAem BbJr ASlt..emb max, Cs\08HO Bb[ BbJmaAKUBaeme conepHUKOB co cueHbl. AASl moro "im06b[ c 6heCKOM noxsaoeameca maAaHmaMU apyrux, cxeayern meepao crnoams xa norex, B npomUBHOM cAy ... ae sac 06BUHSIlTl B oOMaHe.

HyJKHO nOHUMamb, xor Aa AASi sac 5blrOAHO Aamb ApyruM pa3- AeAumb C 8aMU nosecmu, Oc06eHHo BaJKHO He )KaAHUl.Iamb, eCAU HaAO noaexumecs C X03stUHQM. HAe51 ucmopu ... ecxoro suauma Puxapea HUKCOHa 8 KumaucKYIO HapoAHYJO Pecnyoxuxy nepaoHa ... aAbHO npuuixa B rOI\OBY UMeHHO eMY, HO MOrita max HUKorAa u He ocyurecrneurnscs, eCAU 6bl He AunAOMamU\{ecKoe ucxyccrnBO r eapu KUCCUHAJKepa. Bee met KOr.6.a npuurao SpeMSI noxcuHamb AaBPbl~ KUCCUHA>Kep maKmUYHO n03BOhUA HUKCOHY npucsourru, AbBuHyJO AOAK) sacxyr, 3HaR~ -uno co BPeMeHeM npaaaa BcnAblsem, OH mwamel\bHO CAeAUA ae meM~ y:m06bl He nOKa3aM J\OCb~ 6Y.4.mo OH msaem OAe.s1.~O Ha ce6sI. KUCCUHAJKep urpax MacmepcKu: OH nOAY"IUA aocxuuieaue cmC)SlWUX HWKe ero U B rno me BpeM.sI BeAuKoAyWHO ycmynux npuopumem u noxecmu ApyrOMy. Born max U HaAO urpamb B amy urpy.

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C06AOdEHHE 3AKOHA

KpynHhlu npecmyrurux X[X sexa 6apOH A3HueA .fipJO 6bJA Macmeposs urpbl ua 6up>Ke. JKeAa.SI, limo6b! me UAU UHbJe aKUUU noxynaxuce Ui\ u npoz.aaaxucis. a UX KypC poc Ut\U naAaA, OH nc-irnu HUKor .A. a He urex K uexu npSiMO. OAHOLJ U3 ero yAOBOK 6bJAO, npOXOA5I moponxuao no 3aA y 3AumHoro Kl\y6a PSlAOM C Y OAA -cmpum (rna K -rmo 6blAO Ol.JeBU.6.HOj -imo HanpaBASlemcSl Ha oupacy), Bb[Hymb csou 3HaMeHUmblU xpacasru HOCOBOo. nxarnox U Bb]mepemb nom co A6a. Ilpu 3mOM KaK fib] He3aMey:eHHb]U naAaA 6YMa>KHbn:J xucrnox. L[AeHbl KAyoaj eceraa crnapaeuruecst npeayraaarru, waru .6.plO, Ha6paCblBai\UCb Ha sanucxy, O}f{UAa5l uaumu B seu oupacesou npornoa, CAYXU 0 COAep}KaHUU 3anUCKU 6bJCmpO pacnpocrnpanaxucs, U YAeHbl KAy6a HaYUHaAU noxynxy UAU npoaascy aKUUU no cuenapuio, BbJrO.6.HOMY 6apOHY.

<DUAU nne 5pYHeAAeCKU, BeAU K UU )KUBOnUCeu U apxumexrnop B03p0}KAeHU9It BeCbMa ycneuiso npUMeH5I.A Ha npaxrnuxe UCKyCcrnao npU3bJBamb K ce6e AlOaeUt ll.eMOHcmpupys:J 3mUM BA8cmb Ha.6. HUMU. OAHa)KAbl OH nOA Yl..IUA 3aKa3 aa nocrnpouxy aoaoro «ynoxa cooopa Caama Mapu~ Aehb ¢lbope BO ct>AopeHUUU. 3aAaHue ObJi\O BcDKHoe u npecrnuscaoe. Ho xor Aa BAacmu ropOAa HaH5IAU smoporo 'ieAOBeKa~ Aopesuo Fueepmu, Ha nOMOWb 6pYHeAAeCKU, eexuxoro XY.6.0)KHUKa OXBamUAU HeBeceAble MbICAU. OH HCHO BUAeA, xmo ru6epmu nOAyYUA 3aKa3 6AarOAap.sr CBQUM CB 5J3S[Mt 1..Jm06blr He ympY)KAaSJ ce5~ y-racmue» B aeAe, npucaourns nOAOB UHY HarpaAbL

B KpUmU'ieCKUU MOMeHm peMOHmHb]X paoom Ha 6pYHeAhecKu aapyr HanaAa sar aAOYHa ~ XBOpb. OH npUOCmaHQB UA paoornei, HO HanOMHUA BAacm5iM 0 HaH~mOM UMU ru6epmu, npeAnOAO}f{UBJ -imo mom Mor ObJ nompyaurnsca BO B peM5I ero 6oAe3Hu. CKOPO cmaxo o-iea UAHO~ -imo r u6epmu HU aa "imo He rOAeH. Ilpeecrnasumexu ropoaa SlBUJ\UCb K 0PYHeAAeCKU, 4mo6b] npocums era npoeoxxcums paoornsi. OH He corxauraxca, HacmaUBa.sr, l..Im06bl npoexrn 3aKaH'-IUBaA Fuoepmu, Koraa npeacrnaeumexu repose HaKOHeu OC03HaAU, B 4eM mym AeAo, ru6epmu YBOAUAU.

nOCAe arnoro 6pYHeAAeCKU "'YAOM Bbr3AopOBeA sa cxumaaasre AHU. OH He 6yweBaA B rneae, He n03BOAUA osypaxurru, ce6.sr - OH npUMeHUA ucxyccrna 0 B blMa HUB aHU5.I i\IOAeU K ce6e.

TOI\KOBAHYJE

EChU OAHa>KAbr Bbl pewume, 4mo .o.1\S[ sac AeAOM 4ecmu :fIBt\~emcs aacmaeurns apyrux npuurnu K BaM~ U arno y aac nOAY4umex, OHU 6YAym npoaoxxcarru, SlBASl:mbCSf, aaxce xor Aa Bb[ nepecmaHeme 06 3mOM Ja60mUmbcsL

MaHuny i\S!UUs:I - OnaCHa51 urpa. Cmoum KOMy-mo 3anOA03~ purrus, -rmo UM MaHuny J\upyEOm, OH HaYUHaem conpomuaxsmsca U astxoaum U3-nO.6. aaurero KOHmpOA:H. Ho, BblMaHUBa~ conepxuxa

108

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It ceoe. Bbl coaz.aeme UI\"f03UlO, -rmo KOHmpoA~ HaA cumyaLiueu ocy wee m BAS!:em OH. OH He owywaem HU rneu, aa xornopeae

'.bI Aepraeme.

" MHoroe sa B ucu m am mora J HaCKOA bKO SKY CHa npUMa HKa.

'ECAU AosywKa Bblr As:!Aum AocmamO'-lHO npuaxexemexsno, OCAen,AeHHble :3MOUUSlMU u BO>KAeAeHU;fIM u, aauiu B pa ru He cMorym "ISlIAemb npaBAbl. YeM 60Aee all ~HbIMU OHU cmauoesrncs, meM j:er1.{e necrnu ux my ba~ KYAa BaM Haao.

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R He CmpeJlRIO e nepeu«: JKe o.neHUXY, «omopesi nOaOUlJla ee 06HIOxam b,

a )Kay, KOZaa 60KPYZ ccoepemcn l{e.l!oe cmado.

Om mo q,OH 6ucMapK ~ 1815-1898

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