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  • Inka2 Kurskõik

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    transakool

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    145 просмотров25 страниц

    Inka2 Kurskõik

    Загружено:

    mariafernanda666
    transakool

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Скачайте в формате PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
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    81.2 Match the verbs on the left with an appropriate word on the right. Use each word once onl ly. marks 1 to operat _a anewdocument fe. opuatt o Comair ee a comiputer Yoo enti - 3 to ope -< data jo dew 4 wo Dosa = 4 to save da back-up copy te bode a § to make—— € someone Q. back. Mp py 6 to e-mail- online em oak 81.3 Complete the sentences with a word from the box. 10 marks. virus connect save print _—_laptop cut crash copy paste. ~— modem * 1 Ifyou click on Owe. ., the computer will store the data for you. 2 If you click on OF ; you will have two versions of something. 3 If you click on .. } the computer will take something out. 4 Ifyou click on .pa% * it will put in something you wanted to move. 5 If you click on .. 3 you can get a paper copy. 6 Ifa Nidan... gets into your computer (usually from the Internet), the computer to the Internet through your phone line. 8 Ifyou want to work on a train or plane, you need to use a wtephep___.compures change them to make them true. ‘sentences true or false? If they are false, nd e-mail via the Internet. Put John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William ‘Shockley 2. When was the pel disk invented, and by whom? tayaiovele. Uncredited employee at Apple in 1981 © Alan Shugart at IBM in 1971 Robert Metcalfe at Xerox, 1975 3. When did Microsofts ‘friendly war' with Apple begin? 4 = = me components of a cbrtiess phone © Ome prone ser 9. What is BitTorrent? a. Avitus which cleans out all the bits m a computer Asystem for video conferenong 20. What is the difference between a virus and a worm in computer terminology? = They are basically the some \affects only PCs, while worms infect both PCs and Macs 13. What was 'Spacewar'? ‘The first attempt at a Missile Defence System ‘The first computer game (published in 1962) The working title for the movie ‘War Games' 14. What was the model! name of the first microprocessor? Motorola 8000 MicroChip Advanced Micro Devices 01Alpha \ Intel 4004 Computer Microprocessor pakloow 15. From what company did Paul Allen and Bill Gates buy the template software for DOS in 1980? ‘Seattle Computer Products (\ > Microsofware A typical PC LB computer ‘essentials monitor cofov ‘rive PU fs Central oa Frocessin Unit ” printer keyboard ‘mouse a [EB Parts of a computer A computer is an electronic machine that accepts, processes, stores and outputs information. A typical computer consists of two parts: hardware and software. Hardware is any electronic or mechanical part of the computer system that you can see or ouch. Software is a set of instructions, called a program, which tells a computer what to do. There are three basic hardware sections 1 The CPU is the heart of the computer, a microprocessor chip which processes data and coordinates the activities of all the other units. 2 The main memory holds the instructions and data which are being processed by the CPU. It has two main sections: RAM (random access memory) and ROM (read only memory). yyy) NadowdR ripheralt are the physical units attached to the computer. They include put devices, which let us enter data and commands (eg. the keyboard and the mouse) Output devices, which let us extra: Storage devices, which are used to store information permanently (e.g. hard disks and DVD-RW drives) Disk drives are used to read and write data on disks. ‘At the back of a computer there are ports into which we can ner, a modem, etc.). They and the devices. ct the results (e.g, the monitor and the printer). plug external devices (e.g. a scan allow communication between the computer ae Functions of a PC: input, processing, output. storage 4 USB connector _USB ports _--Output We can see the result on the sereen of in printed form. Stora rage we pees 09. We keep data and We enter data with a The data is ulated according : i: re are available Heyboard, a webcam, etc. (0 vermin Winere they te gant __ Professional English in Use ICT programs in memory systems je for processing: 2.1 Look at A opposite. Read these quotations and say whieh ' uotations and say which comp 1 ‘Accelerate your digital lifestyle by choosing. a P ner Sasential they refer to 2 ‘Right-click to display a context:sensitiv rum at 4.3 CHa tcurn CRU fe menu, mM 3 ‘You will see vivid, ¢ 7 on son is “This will produce high vib cety tal xt and impre ve graphics fore ~ enn ccna pe ere 2.2. March the terms with their definitions © 1 CDIDVD drive, a any socket into which a peripheral di b ‘ ral device may be connected Be caker— b device use: Be weak sed to produce voice output and play back music 9) 3 modem mechanism that reads and/or writes to opt fea pom A device that converts data so that it ean ei ee hanical and onic parts CRY Main memory microprocessor ae ROM... | CRAM. | eu 2.4 Complete the diagram and sentences below with words from C opposite. Functions of 3 compute Quokuck ee oT a inpuk procetnt Ravi data is presented => batais transformed 40 to the computer. into useful information sp HORE = Files and programs are held on disks information + Compurer QUARK. is the visible or audible result of dara processing - that can be read, printed or heard, by the set ‘ 2 The CPU will process data as inptrtcied’ by the programs you're running. Praca x | fncludes functions like calculating, sorting, editing, drawing and searching. ) errr expected to replace CDs 2s OAR... eviews 4 Asa scanner, the Sigma-100 can be used to (WU guar... photographs as well as documents into the computer. Pas rar 5 A a a Peer eu activity Computer history. Professional Englsh in Use IT put devices: type, click and talk Interacting with your computer Input devices are the pieces of hardware which all low us to enter inform: =) Gigheat Comers ‘ation into the compute. a r* \ rieropt 3 4 ‘scien =~ i % \ Ma a touch sereen | barcode reader | ij graphics tablet ‘ightpen . q Pe Auiuphowlt touchpad oes The keyboard walguataho bury quali: pial ‘A standard PC keyboard has various groups of keys. ¥ @ Alphanumeric keys — these represent letters and numbers, arranged as on a typewriter - f@ A numeric keypad appears to the right of the main keyboard and contains numeric and editing keys; the Nam Lock key is used to switch from numbers to editing functions. Function keys appear at the top of the keyboard and can be programmed to do special jobs. halted. _ a Cursor keys include ‘arrow keys’ which move the insertion point, and keys such, as Home, if w See Page Up, and Pa; t 3 Dedicated leys are used to issue commands or produce alternative characters, For example Carl changes the functions of other keys (eg, Ctrl + X cuts the selected text). Uy Caps Lock sets the keyboard in ‘CAPITALS’ mode; it only affects letters Enter (or Return) is pressed to select options from a menu or to start a new paragraph. Backspace deletes the character to the left of your current position = The mouse ‘A mouse is a hand-held devi on the screen. It has one or more buttons Jets you move through your documents or wel arrow or a pointing hand. Down, which let you move around documents. = that lets you move a pointer (or cursor) and select items to communicate with the PC. A scroll wheel b pages The pointer looks like an I-bar, an ‘An optical mouse has an optical sensor instead of a ball underneath, Asses) mouse has no cable; it se Mollse actions: to click, press and release the left button. Med vaglete ®@ to double-click, press and release the left button twice. rhode jis nab {© to drag, hold down the button, move the pointer to @ E™ place ai f& toright-click, press and release the right burton; this action ‘displays a list of commands. eect ly rads data via infrared signals or radio waves. Voice input ‘Today you can also interact: ‘converts voice into text, program. You can also control your programs, open, save or print files. voice instead of the keyboard. wich your compurer by voice with a voice seater jon sytem so you can dictate text directly onto your wor processor oh PC with voice ‘commands; this means ee ‘Some systems let you search the Web or English in Use ICT 4,2. Complete & ppt device would yout ube For tese tasks? ich it r AT Look at ect i a a ee te - : ig lead Miaclick on ae cpg ie BU abe is coe en and dca nr ol : Boa perce enu options direc ig Hoda ris hs eh doo em 0 omer A Coma, hhsemtence by choosing from the following devices: towch screen, trackball uchpad, webcam. ; “tucks a stationary device that works like a oer turned upside down, ae ahh y feecthe pointer on the screen. ou roll the ball with your hand co move the p You roll the eal xauaeare used in museums, information centres and Internet kiosks, cctly to objects on the screen. ee finger to point dire MbGthn - used co send live video images via the Internet 4 A fouchpack is found on notebook PCs. You use it by pressing the sensitive pad with a finger. 4.3 Label the groups of keys with terms from B opposite. Then identify the keys described below 5 Wem 4 : aye A28S6 It produces upper-case letters, but it does not a! um ad symbols. p= “eB S17 Itremoves the character to the left of the cursor or any selected text.dclui SON I TGGk 58 C oppo. Complese these sentences with the cor 8 Ir works in combination with other keys, e.g. you pres is key and C to copy the selected text. Uf + a 9 Iris used to confirm commands; in a word Processor, it creates a new paragraph. CoA "ct ‘mouse action’. 1 To start a program or open a document you StWulele-lck rapidly press and release the mouse 2 If you want to select 3 Ifyou want to find ‘on its icon — that is, y button twice, = 2 menu option, you just CLC Kon the lefe burton. he commands for a particular text, image, etc., you have t0 4 If you want to mov ress the button and € an object, press t os PI ¢ butto: nv a eee | ae a ret the object to the sce et “That must be the new "hear be’s a real ¢0 Professional English in Your computer Screen On its, discuss these questions. 1 What type of display do you have cathode ray tube or an LCD flat 2 What size is the screen? Reet tc 3 How can you char the picture usin. the controls? fm 4— Gublons 4 Can you watch TV on your PC man Yea = How screen displays work Complete these definitions with words fror m the box. Then read the text on Page 33 and check your answers. sdlution urdepth vi cancel 1 piel = Screen or bitmapped image (usually i Y Nats 2 es the video signal 3 Qapect portion to its height Plaine, Cnr y 5 SA0lukow the ontained in a display horizontally and ; uss hav 6 (Okour this determines © _ the maximum number of colours that can be displayed Read the text again and answerthese questions. | oplet Dope What do CRT and LCD stand for?(axkode aay tube amt Lider me How is the screen size measured? tuvalutton. Tha daptct ano aa L What technology is used by active-matrix LCDs? ws TT ot 0. 0 Which unit of frequency is used to measure the brightness of a display? ale i What substance produces light and colour when hit by electrons in a CRT monitor 1 B. 3 4 a dost A bag klight 6 What are the three advantages of OLED displays? Gs Wuitv Alaiht Cao Purr Lonmin Cure Unirgyy jand aur pbuviblr pu nua a phosphor How screen displays work Displays, often called monitors or screens, are the Inside the computer there is a video most-used output device on acomputer. They provide graphics card, which processes ier instant feedback by showing you text and graphic signals to the monitor. CRT moni images as you work or play. graphics adapter) cable, which coy G Most desktop displays use Liquid Crystal Display into analogue signals. LCD monitors ent (LCD) or Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) technology, while video interface) connection, 7 nearly all portable computing devices, such as laptops, Colour depth refers to the number of incorporate LCDs. Because oftheir slimmer design and can display. This depends on the number lower energy consumption, LCD monitors (also called to describe the colour of a single pve fepak iROrS se flat panel oF flat screen displays) are replacing CRTs. an old VGA monitor with an 8-bit depth : 256 colours and a SuperVGA with a Ete: Basic features generate 16.7 million colours. Monitors with 2% Resolution refers to the number of dots of colour depth are used in digital video, animation ang known as pixels (picture elements), contained in a games to get certain effects display. It is expressed by identifying the number of pixels on the horizontal and vertical axes. A typical resolution is 1024x768. An LCD is made of two glass plates witha igi vaidun aterial between them. The crystals blockthal nt quantiti re the image. Acti LCDs use TFT (thin film transistor) techno which ht the uminan Display technologies millions glow when strlick by an electron beam thelial across the screen and create a visible image PCs can be connected to video projectors, project the image onto a large screen. They ale presentations and home theatre applications Apixel is a combination of red, green and blu rixel’ 1 green and blue subpivels Ina plasma screen, images are ceated B/3B discharge which contains noble (non-ratmiul TWomeasurements describe the size of your display: the Plasma TVs allow for larger screens and wide RE eeeicice Historically, computer 2°9!°5. ™=king {hem ideal forma pas like most televisions, have had an aspect ratio Organic Light-Em ‘43 — the width of the screen to the height is four to LED display: payear require a backlight 19 For widescreen LCD displays, the aspect ratio is (the mmaterobene light when stimulated Oi ely Useful for viewing DVD movies, playing games ~ current, whici7s known as electrolumil indows side by side. High- consume less energy, produce brightet TV also uses this format. The viewable screen a diagonally, so a 19" screen measures 19° Choosing the right display device Be) ustento five customers in r @ computer shy il Jour church device (2-2) would you recomma gp seseribin your choices and give reasons for them ae Spe iE speaker 4 OL pecker Wael Speaker3 CL NEC MultiSyn LCD Dell UltraSharp LcD. o, Monitor monitor screen size: 17 Widescree Resolution: 1280x1024 SXGA) Resolution: 1920x1200 \spect ratio: 5:4 rightness: 400 cd/m: ambridge- Pioneer 50” Plasma WV e itachi interactive jhiteboard 2 USB sinting less per peda ortable projector LP (Digital ght Processing) chnology esolution: 1024x768 fojection screen you would most like to own. [21] in pairs, discuss which of the display devices Hay chor rene SE o ee cs Bees for our choice. NEC. Ub Sgr LED Hourtr, pwadh Ont ) dorrnud otter Hip | Ergonomics Listen to Tony Clark, an expert in computer ergonomics, office workers about health and safety. What health problems a Computer use do the office workers mention? Listen again and complete these extracts. 1 Geta. qgod chair one that "part your lowe Sha adyuteel ws y " Be ce yout et rest or flier ororw oda 3 Position the keyboard a7. Aaigl J your ¢ i 4... position the monitor at ‘ “ You should sit at A4W) from the fr akind of star ets you move t! itor AAOUMBL | and height at the correct anal Match the.extracts above (1-6) with the correct parts of the diagram (ag ae wees 5 and features of telephones tions and advice "tions and advice © We use the pease Look at the HELP box and inpttatve then RN to give instru complete these health and safety S*t" “stablechow oe guidelines with should/shouldn’t. 1. Ifyoutypealot.az yourcomputereach | day, you @ buy an ergonomic keyboard; it can help reduce the risk of We use should and shouldnt nfonivets | | Give advice or to talk about what wethines, | | .g00d or bad idea a p—repetitne stain injury. aia Waharbane. | 2 You MMOulAHE place your mouse You shauld look down atthe monit within easy reach and support your 2u shouldn't eres Watbansnoar aster fe ge ms 3 Wyoudecide to build your own PC © Wecan ako give advice protect yourself from electric shocks. You ike It’s ‘ea too, Kes ta s.You 11 a good idea to It's a bad i Palak touch ary components + infinitive oe unnecessarily. a a It’s a good idea to havea monitor with ati’ and-swivel stand. — copyholder if you are working from MS peer abana documents. The best position is between the screen and the keyboard, or at the same height as the screen; this can reduce neck, back and eyestrain nUMAAL Waka : pk apo ¥ 5 Irrespgnsible digposat of electronic waste can cause severe environmental and health problems You AtowdliM- just throw your old monitor or video system into the bin. [i in pairs, practise giving advice about how to use a monitor safely using should/shouldn't or t'sa good/bad idea to. Look at these guidelines for slp. |.) 4... eee coonix tsdangcious OU GHOULLOCK Cpica ea f Nag Gel ux liad 2 Dont stare at the screen for long periods of time. 4 Ls : a 3 Position the monitor at eye level or just below. Your rod Toa geod Cdes 44 Leave enough space behind the monitor for ynobstructed movement Oana 5 Don'tsit near the sides or back of CRT monitors. Use L screens inste ey'te free from | radiation. ” c a 6 Keep the screen clean to prevent distorting shadows. ee Atk An ergonomic school or office . sur school oF ked to write alist of guidelines for making Yo fouhave been asked to Witt 2 12 sion of ergonomics at the bottom of Page office more ergonomic. Look at t! c 0 her/manager explaining your g¥ dolar 35 and then write an email to your teac! Consider 1-8 below. 1 Physical layout of the work sit 2. Lighting (overhead lights, desk lamps) 3 Computer and office furniture: ergono “4. Userriendly and ergonomic devices: keyboards, mice, MO ing cabinets, etc. te: desk areas, computer equipment, filing C2 inets, bre and ventilation mic chairs and desks nitors, wrist (es YELL of cables and switthes ora wired network zs internet access and wireless network HavVE 1996 4 14 LAKE & 266221423 6 YP _oMiNaANT RoLE 1M ovR 4315201223 6 2326 8151114 1223 1525 8 Bociery. Mean wG Most oS 1615 9 12 14 26 20 14 6 23122318 20151626 1 1521 16 Mowe BEQUIPE access ie ney wis 7 25128 14 6 9 8 1416 16 2615 compuUTEgS ao TRE 9 15 20 17 252614 8 16 «6 23:13 26 19 14 GUI operating systems | In pairs, discuss these questions. 1 2 WRX fucondlin, WOk usd Read the text on page 64 and decide which adjectives in the box best describe aGul. i ae biel a wou ah Wino (Come MUVAD Gana point « oot

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