Text: ADVERTISEMENT

Structure: Name of the product – Explanation about the product –

Contact person

NAME OF THE PRODUCT

FOR BUSINESS AND LEISURE

EXPLANATION ABOUT THE
PRODUCT
(paragraph 1 and 2)
ASTON Denpasar Hotel and Convention Center
is a delightful hotel and convention center
offering some of the very best meeting facilities
in Bali along the ease and comfort of studio, one
and two bedroom apartments for the price of a
hotel room.

Ideally located in the very heart of thriving

Denpasar just 30 minutes drive from the
International airport and close to the islands
main business area and central government
offices. The Aston Denpasar offers easy access to
all the main attractions in South Bali and
surrounding areas.

CONTACT PERSON ASTON ®

DENPASAR
HOTEL AND CONVENTION CENTER

Jl. Gatot Subroto Barat No. 283, Denpasar –

80231 Bali – Indonesia.
t: +62-361 – 411999 f: +62-361 – 422999.
e: reservation@AstonDenpasar.com, www.AstonDenpasar.com

NOTES

An Advertisement is a public announcement in a newspaper or on the radio,

television or Internet advertising something such as a product for sale or an
event. The communicative purpose of Advertisement is to promote an idea, a
product or influence behavior and persuade people to consume something.
DOEL MERSAULT'S ENGLISH TEXTS Page 1
Text ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
Structure: Thesis – Arguments - Reiteration

To improve comfort and cleanliness at our

school, a number of dustbins should be increased.
When we look at classrooms, School corridors and
school yard, there are papers, mineral water cups,
straws and napkins here and there. The condition THESIS
of uncleanliness and discomfort really hinders (paragraph 1)
learning and teaching environment. Litters thrown
carelessly cuse disease, especially empty plastic
cups or glasses. They can be filled out with water
coming from the rain. This can be places for
dengue mosquitoes to spread out. Besides, this
rubbish can deteriorate the scene. Well-painted
wall and green school yard do not mean anything if
litters are scattered everywhere.

I notice that most of the students in our school ARGUMENTS

have responsibilities for their school environment. (parapraph 2)
They put their litters on the proper places. But
some are not diligent enough to find the dustbins.
The number of dustbins in our school is not
enough. Most dustbins should be put beside each
of steps, outside the classrooms and some more
along the corridors. Probably one dustbin should be
REITERATION
in every ten meters. When students want to throw (paragraph 3)
away their litters, they can find the dustbins easily.

When school is equipped with sufficient

dustbins, we do not have problems of filth and
discomfort anymore. Our school will be very clean
and become a nice place to study.

NOTES

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An Analytical Exposition is a piece of writing that tries to convince the
readers to agree with the writer's viewpoint by analyzing a certain
issue within the text. The communicative purpose of Analytical
 Exposition is to put forward a viewpoint about
something.
OPENING
(paragraph 1)
Text: ANNOUNCEMENT
Structure: Opening (title) – Content – Closing

We are announcing today that we are

CONTENT
(paragraph 2) bringing the California Milestone and Ever
Green brands even closer together. Effective
as of December 5, 2008, our official name will
be:

CLOSING GREEN MILES WEST

(paragraph 3)
The substitution of "West" in our name –
replacing "California" – is the result of an
 agreement we reached with California
Gardening Association, following a protest
over the original use of "California" in our name.

We hope this does not create any confusion among our loyal
consumers. While this represents a change from our initial name
introduction, it does not change the quality of product we offer to our
consumers.

NOTES

An Announcement is a public statement giving people information or news. It

is often in a form of a card or newspaper item. The communicative purpose of
Announcement is to give a formal written notice of certain events.

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 Text: BROCHURE
Structure:
TITLE • Title
• Date
• Time
• Place
DATE
TIME • Additional information (ticket box, price)
PLACE • Contact person
ADDITIONAL INFO

CONTACT PERSON

HIV WORKSHOP
I'm Not My Disease

Date : December 1, 2010

Time : 10.00 p.m. – 12.00 p.m.
Location : Rose Building, Sudirman Road
Jakarta
Ticket : Rp 120,000 for three days
including lunch and snack

CP: Shaelyn Aleena 0817 0345 5001

NOTES

A brochure is also known as a pamphlete. It is a thin,

bounless booklet and usually gives information about
upcoming events. The communicative purpose of a
Brochure is to give information about something such as
forthcoming events, holiday sites, etc.

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Text DESCRIPTION
Structure: Identification - Description

On the banks of the Chao Phraya, Bangkok's

"River of Kings", lies a hotel that has already set new
standards of hospitality for the celebrated city.

See in magnificently landscaped tropical gardens,

the Shangri-La Bangkok provides guests with all the
charm and warmth of the Orient, and at the same
time, an unsurpassed range of facilities and leisure
activities.

There is a choice of 12 superb settings to wine

and dine, a large swimming pool that overlooks the
river, convention center and meeting facilities for up IDENTIFICATION
to 2,000 people and a 24-hour business center. from (paragraph 1)
every single guestroom and suite, there is a
breathtaking view of all the exotic hustle and bustle of
the fabled "River of KIngs".

One might expect such a well-equipped and

positioned hotel to be miles away from the city center.
But at the Shangri-La Bangkok, the business district
and main shopping areas are minutes away.

For more than 200 years, Bangkok's grandeur has

DESCRIPTION
been reflected in the waters of the Chao Phraya. (paragraph 2, 3, 4, dan
Today the Shangri-La Bangkok towers beside this 5)
majestic river offer its guests the golden promise of
the East.

NOTES

A Description is a piece of writing that lists the

characteristics of a person, place or thing. It describes
living and non-living things such as animals, towns,

DOEL MERSAULT'S ENGLISH TEXTS Page 5

buildings, etc. The communicative purpose of a Description is to describe a
particular person, place or thing.

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 Text: DISCUSSION

Structure: Issue - Arguments for (+) - Arguments against (-) - Conclusion

The Pros and Cons of Video

Games
ISSUE
(paragraph 1) Nowadays, the video games industry is
developing rapidly. It becomes a multibillion dollar
industry. Video games have become an important
part not only in the children’s life but also the
ARGUMENTS-FOR adults’. Nevertheless, there is an argument wheter
or POSITIVE ARGUMENTS video games bring good or bad influences on
(paragraph 2)
children.
People who have a pro argument claim that
video games give a lot of benefits. Playing video
games is a good way to kill children’s boredom. It
can refresh the children’s mind after a tiring school
day. Moreover, they also argue that video games can
trigger children to be more creative because the
ARGUMENTS-AGAINST games provide challenging ways to win. In other
or NEGATIVE ARGUMENTS words, they believe that the video games can
(paragraph 3) actually sharpen a human’s brain.
Conversely, some people believe that video
games make children lazy. That argues that playing
video games is addictive. Consequently, most of the
children prefer playing video games to studying.
CONCLUSION
These children find it hard to concentrate on their
or RECOMMENDATION study because they always think about how to spend
(paragraph 4) more time playing video games. In fact, there are
also some children who skip their extracurricular
lessons, just because they want to play video games.
In addition, most of the video games often expose
too much violence. Two years ago in USA, for
example, a student shot his teacher and some of his
friends. Newspapers said that the boy was deeply
influenced by the action in the video games he used
to play with.
It is obvious that video games have more
disadvantages than advantages. Therefore, parents
should be very careful in selecting the appropriate
games for their children.
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NOTES

A Discussion is a piece of writing that explores the pros and cons or the advantages
and disadvantages of an issue to allow the readers to reach a logical conclusion. A
balanced view of the writer is reflected throughout the writing. The communicative
purpose of a Discussion is to present arguments / opinions / information from
different viewpoints.

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Text: EXPLANATION
Structure: General Statement - Explanation

ENGLISH, THE LANGUAGE

OF THE WORLD

The United Kingdom is the birthplace of the

English language. Today, English is spoken in
more parts of the world than any other language.
GENERAL
English is considered one of the world’s
STATEMENT
richest languages. It has well over a million (paragraph 1)
words! Why so many? Because many different
people settled in Britain over the centuries, and
each group added their own words.

The United Kingdom has produced some of

EXPLANATION
the greatest writers of the English language. (paragraph 2 and 3)
You’ve heard of William Shakespeare, right? He
has a great playwright and poet from England.
Shakespeare wrote many famous plays,
including Romeo and Juliet.

NOTES

An Explanation is a piece of writing that gives straightforward information. It

explains the process related to the formation of natural, social, scientific and
cultural phenomena, e.g. how volcano eruption occurs, or how we get
chocolate from. The communicative purpose of an Explanation is to enable
the readers to understand the processes involved in the formation or the
working of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena.

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Text: HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Structure: Thesis – Arguments –
Recommendation

If you want to advance in your career, you THESIS

will have to make some careful decisions (paragraph 1)
about which jobs to take. Evaluate a job offer
for the value it has to your career. It may
mean sacrifice at first. You may have to move
to a different region or a different country to
get a job that is right for you. You may have to
work late hours, at least temporarily. You
might even have to take lower salary for a job
that offers you the experience that you need. ARGUMENTS
But you should never accept a job if it is not (paragraph 2,
related to your career goals. sentences 1, 2, and
3)
Accepting a job that is not within your
career path will not give you the training or
experience you need or want. You will find RECOMMENDATION
yourself frustrated in such a position and (paragraph 2,
consequently will not perform your best. This sentence 4)
will have an effect on the people around you
who will not feel as if you are being part of the
team. The best advice is to think carefully
before accepting any position and make sure
the job is the one you want to have.

NOTES

A Hortatory Exposition is a piece of writing that persuades the readers to

accept the writer's point of view by showing the information in a logical way.

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The communicative purpose of a Hortatory Exposition is to persuade the
readers to agree with the writer.

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Text: LETTER
Structure:
• Sender's address
• Sent date
• Recipient's address
• Greetings
• Contents of the letter
• Leave-taking
• Sender's signature

SENDER'S
ADDRESS
Cikarageman Village
District 002/006
SENT DATE Setu, 17320 Bekasi

RECIPIENT'
November 6, 2010
S
ADDRESS ZANGFU Acupuncture
Clinic
120 S. Parman Street
GREETING
S Padang

Dear my love,
Today should be
CONTENTS
OF THE
your best day in this
LETTER whole year.
(paragraph However, I feel your
1 and 2) loneliness over
there. Through this
letter, I would like to
tell you how I miss
you all the time.
Sometimes, I
imagine to hold you
as if I'm holding a
fortune that heaven
has given to me. And
I'll try to show you,
LEAVE-
each and every way I
TAKING can that now and
(paragraph forever I will be your
3) man, my sweetheart.
On this special day,
the day when an
angel has been born
to this world, which
SENDER'S
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SIGNATUR
E
 the beautiful little angel was you, and now you become more beautiful
than before, then with your first hello you came into my life and made the
living fine, I would like to say...

HAPPY BIRTHDAY !!!

Hopefully, you will become more beautiful, healthier, and wealthier!
May God bless you and make you wiser and lovelier!
May God give you long life and peaceful life!

Dear my sweetheart,
Now you can rest your worries and always be sure that you will not be
alone anymore. You know I'll always love you
wherever and whenever you are. I'll be there and
stand by you all the time you need me, now and
forever.
RECIPIENT'S NAME
SENDER'S NAME Faithfully yours,
SUBJECT
DATE
Doel Mersault
Doel Mersault Sosrodiharjo
CONTENT Text: MESSAGE
Structure:
• Recipient's name
• Sender's name
• Subject
• Date
• Content

NOTES

A Message is a written communication similar to a letter but without the

formal address blocks at the beginning, especially one that is circulated to
people within an office or organization. The communicative purpose of a
Message is to communicate in brief.

DOEL MERSAULT'S ENGLISH TEXTS Page 13

 To : Yessy Rossa
From : Hussein Asseqaf
Subject : Recheck
Date : 9/12/2010

Content : Please recheck the recipe and

materials of how to make Chicken
Red Soup Kalio for Master Chef's
Magazine for this month's edition.
Send it to the Cuisine and Beverages
Department tomorrow. Thanks!

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 Text NARRATIVE
Structure: Orientation – Complication - Resolution

Never Wants to Know

She lives in this village, a traditional village. Everybody knows
ORIENTATION
that she is a daughter of an upstanding person in this rural place.
(paragraph 1)
Nobody dares to disturb her even just to make conversations. For
the first time I knew her four months ago when I was on my way to
school. Yes, I am a freshman here, moved from Surabaya because
of my duties.
I knew her name from a man on the street at once. So, I
called her name…Salma. Last week, yes, seven days ago, I called
her name for the first time when I saw her at a shop, a traditional
shop.
COMPLICATION
“Mmm… .Hi, Salma!” I greeted her.
(paragraph 2, 3, and 4)
“Hallo, do I know you?” she replied and asked.
“No, I don’t think so. I am a freshman here,” I said.
“Oh I see…,” she responded interpersonally.
“My name is Haq. Nice to meet you, Salma,” I introduced myself
ridiculously.
“Okay. Nice to meet you, too, Haq,” she said tenderly.
Oh, my God! I never forget how she said that. She smiled at
me so tenderly. She looked at me deeply in the very short
moment. I couldn’t tell any words anymore. I think I love her. I
don’t know why. The reason is never known.
Time goes on. Day after day, I think of her day and night. I
see her in my imaginations, my dreams, and even I see her
whenever I close my eyes. Sometimes I forced myself to make a
call to her, with all of my strength, just want to hear her voice and
feel what she feels. And I want her to know what happens in my
head and what I feel. In the moonlighting night, I called her…
“Hallo. How’re you? So fine, right?” I started to chat.
“Hallo. It’s great. What are you doing, Haq?” she asked me back.
“I’m doing nothing, you know. It’s very boring. You?” I tried to keep
on the conversation.
“Watching TV. Nothing to do, too. I’m happy you call me,” she said.
RESOLUTION
“Really? Are you happy because of my disturbance?” I was curious.
(paragraph 5)
“Yap! This is not a kind of disturbance, Haq. Do you know what I
mean?” she remarked innocently, trying to give me a clue.
“Mmm,… You mean we have the same feelings, right?” I tried to
get the point.
“Very smart, Haq,” she said that at last.
I don’t know. Oh my God, I really don’t know how to treat her
when it becomes clear that she loves me, too. She and I are very
different one to another. Different ethnics, different languages, different studies,
different societies, and may be different ways of thinking. Does she know who I was?

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Does she know what I’m searching for in this life? Does she know how the way I love
her? I think she never wants to know.

NOTES: A Narrative is a piece of writing that tells a story. The story can be imaginary
or based on a real incident. A Narrative always deals with some problems which lead
to the climax and then turn into a solution to the problem. The communicative
purpose of a Narrative is to tell a story about something or to amuse and entertaint
the readers or listeners.

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Text PROCEDURE
Structure: Goal – Materials - Steps

SEND AN AIRMAIL GOAL (title)

First of all, we must prepare a pencil or a

pen, some papers, a stamp, an envelope and a MATERIALS
glue. Well, from these materials, do you know (paragraph 1)
what will we do? Yes, we are going to write a
letter to somebody and send it via post office. It
is so conventional but that’s all right!
Now, write some words or many words if
it is possible in order to give your friends or
relatives some information. You can write about STEPS
your activities, your plans, or even your dreams (paragraph 2, 3, 4,
in the future. Just share it to them! and 5)
Next step, edit your writing. May be you
need some icons, decorations, or fancy words as
an addition. Or may be, you have written
wrongly about something…correct them! Finish?
Okay then, give your signature as the last touch
on your fine letter.
Afterwards, put it into a nice envelope
tenderly and seal it well. Don’t forget to write
your name and address on the backside of the
envelope. Moreover, write the name and address
of the receiver on the front side of the envelope.
Remember to fix a stamp on it.
Now, the letter is ready to send via post
as airmail.

NOTES

A Procedure is a piece of writing which consists of instructions to follow. The

communicative purpose of a Procedure is to tell the steps in doing or making
something in a sequential order.

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Text RECOUNT
Structure: Orientation – Events - Reorientation

WHY DO YOU LOOK SO SAD?

By: Mr. Malique

I was listening to music when you called me last

ORIENTATION
night. You said that you hate somebody. You said (paragraph 1)
that he was someone who always makes you so sad
all the time. Ouch! It hurts me, you know? Do you
know why I feel hurted? Because I can’t see you
crying, sad or brokenheart!

This morning, I saw you in the corridor. As usual, EVENTS

you were seeing the schedule, yes, a new schedule. (paragraph 2)
And as usual, you would say, “Mr. Malique! Why the
schedule always changes? Are you kidding?” OMG! I
like when you said that. But today, you look so sad.
Why? You didn’t say anything. And I know you are
facing a problem. But what problem? REORIENTATION
(paragraph 3)
This condition makes me disappointed. Yes, I am
very disappointed! Not because of you, but because
I can’t help you at the moment. I am myself facing
a big challenge. Not because I don’t care ‘bout you,
but because I have to make priority. However, I
must talk to you as soon as possible… .

NOTES

A Recount is a piece of writing that tells events in a chronological sequence.

A Recount text is similar to a narrative text. The story may be an event or a
situation that took place on a particular day. The order of the events is very
important. A Recount can entertain or inform. The communicative purpose of
a Recount is to reconstruct past experiences by retelling events in the order
in which they have occured.

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Text: REPORT
Structure: Title – General Classification – Identification

SNOWY OWLS, LARGE PREY BIRDS

Snowy owls or Nyctea scandiaca are large prey

birds. They are diurnal, which means they are active
during the day instead of night. Snowy owls breed in
remote areas of Artic and Sub-Artic regions, mostly
North America. TITLE
GENERAL
As their name suggests, snowy owls have dark
CLASSIFICATIO
white feathers with dark brown markings. Their N (paragraph
feathers are thick covering even its legs and feet. 1)
They weigh around 1.6 kg to 2 kg and they stand
about half a meter tall with the wing span of 1.5
meters. They have a round white head, a black IDENTIFICATIO
curved beak, yellow large eyes, and strong black N (paragraph
claws. 2, 3, 4, and 5)
Snowy owls eat small mammals, such as rats or
rabbits and birds, such as geese and ducks. It
always swallows its prey whole and uses the juice in
its stomach to digest the flesh.
A snowy owl can swivel its head because its eyes
don't move in its sockets. A snowy owl can also
detect its prey in the dark because it has excellent
hearing.
In terms of personality, snowy owls are generally silent and shy. Yet,
they can be very aggressive if human or other animals approach their
nest.

NOTES

The purpose of a Report is to describe and cassify information. Reports have

a logical sequence of facts. Those facts are stated without any personal
involvement. Informative Reports usually talk or tell about living things like
plants and animals and non-living things like oceans or cars. A Report is used
when we talk and write about something general, e.g. Snowy Owls.
(When writing a Description we only write about one specific thing, e.e
Hedwig, Harry Potter's Snowy Owl).

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Text: SPOOF
Structure: Introduction – Events – Twist

One day a farmer, who was well-known in INTRODUCTION

his village as a very mean man, said “I will (paragraph 1)
give three meals and twenty five pence to
anyone who is willing to do a day’s work for
me.” This offer was accepted by a hungry
tramp, who was more interested in the meals
than the money.
“You can have your breakfast first,” said
EVENTS
the farmer, “and then you can start working.”
(paragraph 2, 3. 4,
The farmer gave the tramp a very small
and 5)
breakfast and the tramp ate it up.
“Now you can have your lunch. This will
save us a lot of time,” the farmer said. The
tramp agreed and ate the poor lunch.
Before he had finished, the farmer said,
“What would you say to having supper also
while you are about it?”
“I will try to enjoy another meal,” replied
TWIST
the tramp. Then he had his supper, which
(paragraph 6)
again was not a very filling meal. When it was
over, the farmer looked pleased and said,
“Now you can do a long day’s work.”
“No, thank you,” was the tramp’s reply, as
he rose to leave, “I never work after supper.”

NOTES

A Spoof is a humorous story that tells in a chronological sequence with a twist

(unexpected ending). The communicative purpose of a Spoof is to entertain
the readers with an amusing story.

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