Multiplicative Principle of Counting

If event A can happen in m ways and event B can happen in n ways, then event A and B can happen in
mn ways.

Additive Principle of Counting

If event A can happen in m ways and event B can happen in n ways, then event A or and B can happen in
m+n ways.

Exclusion Principle
Ways that event A will happen = Total ways – Ways that event A will not happen

Linear Permutation
n!
nPr=
(n−r ) !

Permutation with Like Objects

11 !
MI SSISSIPPI =
4 !4!2!

Circular Permutation
( n−1 ) !

Combination
n!
n C r =C ( n , r )= n =
()
r r !(n−r )!

Probability
Possible outcomes of A n( A)
P ( A )= =
Total possible outcomes n(Ω)

Binomial Probability
P ( x ) =nCr (p x )(q n−x )