GEM WS Tutorial

Gem Workstation
Tutorial Manual
Written By
Carol Watkins
Christeen Russell
Illustrations & Edited By

Dave Williams
Published By GemWorkS Europe

© 1993, GemWorkS Europe
46 Hampton Close, Herne Bay, KENT CT6 8BZ. ENGLAND
Telephone: +44 (0)227 742790

Fascimile: +44 (0)227 742791
CompuServe CIS: 100136, 3365
Page 3
Copyright
This manual & accompanying software is copyrighted and all rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be copied, transmitted, translated or stored in a

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photocopy, magnetic or other recording means, without prior written permission from
the publishers, with the exception of material entered and executed for the reader's
own use.
Warranty
A limited 7 day warranty is provided which covers the physical disk and printed
materials, from the date of purchase or from the date of your receipt of package. Full
replacement of defective disk(s) or printed material will apply on receipt of your full
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or invoice.
If replacing a defective disk, you must also send us the diskette with an explanation
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the bad page (or pages) with the error clearly annotated. If the entire manual is
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materials while in transit remains with the purchaser.
Technical support for this product is available on +44 (0227) 742790 between 19.00
and 21.30 hours BST or GMT most weekday evenings.
The software that accompanies this publication is supplied 'as is' without any warranty
of any kind with exception to the 7 day limited warranty, either expressed or implied.
Neither the producers, publishers or GemWorkS Europe nor it's employees, distribu-
tors or dealers will be liable for any financial or other loss arising directly or indirectly
from the use or misuse of this product.
Every care has been taken in the writing and presentation of this publication.
However, no responsibility is assumed by the authors or publishers for any errors or
omissions contained herein or any consequential loss suffered therefrom.
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Table Of Contents
Preface 9
WS Workstation Control Panel:-
WS1 10
WS2 Keyboard 11
WS2 MIDI Module 12
WS400 13
PART ONE: CONTROL LOCATIONS
LCD Display 14
Alpha Dial 14
Voices 14
Globals 14
Internal Styles 15
Programme Styles 15
Song Patterns 15
Chain Compose 15
REC (Record) 16
Play Tracks 16
Track Tempo 16
Full Globals 16
Common Chords 16
Manual Controls:- Start/Stop 16

Fill In 17
Sync/Continue 17
Intro/End 17
Pitch / Modulation Ball 17
Edit Keypad:- Esc, Ent 17

Master (Volume Control) 18
Global:- Section Type 18

Section Detune 19
Section Transposer 19
Dynamic/Norm Inv 19
Pedals Assignment 20
Pitch Ball Assign 20
Change Global Name 20
Voice:- Timbre 21
ADSSR 21
Modulation 21
Skew 21
Special 22
Mixer 22
Effect 1 23
Effect 2 23
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Status:- Keyboard Tuning 24
Volume Pedal Assign 24
Common Chord (Pedal/Board) 24
Pedal Switch Logic 25
Restore Orig Blocks 25
Splits 25
Midi 26
Disk 26
Additional Features:- Demos / Memory Puff 27
PART TWO: LESSON 1
DISK PROCEDURES 28
Loading an .ALL file 28

Formatting a disk 29
Saving an .ALL file 29
Directory function 30
PART THREE: LESSON 2
COPYING AND EDITING STYLES, GLOBALS AND VOICES 31
Copying an internal style with its global to a programme style 31
Editing your copied style:- 32

Changing the Volumes of a track 32
Selecting a different voice on a track 32
Changing effects of your copied style 32

Transposing a track 32
Reprogramming tempo:- 33
Internal Styles only 33
Programme Styles/Song Patterns 33
Using Track Tempo function 34
Muting autoplay track:- 34

Using Play Tracks function 34
Muting a track of a Song Pattern 34

Changing globals whilst playing a style 35
Assigning a split and layering sounds 35
Editing and Programming Voices:- 36

Saving a voice file 36
Editing a voice 36
ADSSR Programming 37
Modulation/Skew 38
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Saving your edits to disk as a voice file 39
Programmable Drumkit:- 40
Accessing edit functions of drumkit 41
Editing the drumkit 41
Saving your edits to disk 43

Programmable Drumkit Instrument Chart 43
PART FOUR: LESSON 3
USING THE SEQUENCER 44
Single track recording:- 44

Overdub 45
Recording another track 45
Clearing a track 45
Naming your song 45
Playing back your song 46
Recording a song pattern using internal styles 46
Recording a song pattern using programme styles 47
PART FIVE: LESSON 4
WRITING A PROGRAMME STYLE 48
Copying parts from the internal styles:- 48

Copying an intro 48
Copying a major 48
Copying a minor 49
Copying a seventh 49
Copying a fill 49
Copying an ending 50
Naming your programme style 50

Changing the global of your new style 51
Copying parts of a programme style:- 51

Copying all parts 51
Clearing a track 51
Erasing a note 52
Track by track recording:- 53

Quantising a track 53
Quantize section 54
PART SIX: LESSON 5
CHAIN COMPOSE 55
Writing a chain compose 56

Jukebox 57
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PART SEVEN: LESSONS 6, 7 & 8
LESSON - TRANSPOSING A SONG 58
LESSON - CHECKING THE MEMORY OF THE KEYBOARD 58
LESSON - MIDI 59
PART EIGHT:
EDITOR’S NOTE 62
VOICES IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER 63
PERCUSSION INSTRUMENT LOCATION 64
VOICE EDIT WORKSHEET 65
GLOBAL EDIT WORKSHEET 66
PROGRAM STYLES EDIT WORKSHEET 67
SONG PATTERN/CHAIN COMPOSE EDIT WORKSHEET 68
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Preface
This Tutorial Guide is designed to help you work through the many features available
on the WS, by providing a step by step guide with working examples.
It is recommended that you study the CONTROL LOCATIONS section first, then work
through each lesson, practising each new technique until you are familiar with it before
moving on to the next.
A working “WS TUTORIAL DISK” has been included with this Tutorial Guide, together
with a blank 3.5" DD disk, which you will format and then use to make a back-up copy
of your “TUTORIAL DISK” and then save your working examples (files) to.
FILES ON THE TUTORIAL DISK
.ALL files:- LESSON1

LESSON2
LESSON3
LESSON4
Where you see [....] this denotes a button to be pressed.
Where you see LCD this is a prompt for you to look at the LCD display on the
keyboard.
NOTE:
This WS TUTORIAL was written using GEM WS2 with V1.10 upgrade, complete with
disk drive.
The illustrations & Graphics used in this tutorial have been taken from the WS2/
WS400 LCD display and may appear different to those on the WS1.
Thanks!
Special thanks to Carol & Christeen who burnt many a midnight oil over the
word processor whilst composing this manual and also to Chris Lambert for his
keen eye and proof reading talents.
Dave Williams
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WS1
1 MIDI Ports (In, Out & Through)
2 Contrast (control for alphanumeric LCD Display)
3 Optional Pedal Sockets (P1, P2 & Damper)
4 Option Bass Pedalboard Socket
5 Option Volume/Expression Pedal Socket
6 Stereo Audio Input Jack Sockets (In Left & Right)
7 Stereo Audio Output Jack Sockets (Out Left & Right)
8 Power On/Off Switch and IEC Mains Socket
9 Manual Controls (Start/Stop, Intro/End, Sync/Continue, Fill In)
10 Headphone Socket
11 Pitch & Modulation Ball
12 Edit Section
13 Voice Section
14 Sequencer Section
15 Alpha Dial
16 Full Global, Lower & Upper Section
17 Alphanumeric Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) - Backlit
18 Internal & Programmable Styles, Song Pattern Section.
19 Sequencer Controls (Internal & Programmable Styles, Song Pattern,
Chain Compose, Record)
20 Internal Loudspeakers
21 Disk Drive
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WS2 K/Board
1 MIDI Sockets
2 MIDI Through or MIDI Out Function Selector
3 LCD Display Contrast
4 Optional Pedal Sockets (P1, P2 & Damper)
5 Option Bass Pedalboard Socket
6 Option Volume/Expression Pedal Socket
7 Stereo Audio Input Jack Sockets (In Left & Right)
7 Stereo Audio Output Jack Sockets (Out Left & Right)
8 Power On/Off Switch and IEC Mains Socket
9 Internal Loudspeakers
10 Sequencer Controls
11 Style, Song Pattern Selection Buttons
12 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) - Backlit
13 Polyphonic Section (A, B, C, D & E)
14 Sequencer Sections
15 Tempo Display
16 Alpha Dial
17 Global Section
18 Voice Selection Buttons
19 Edit Section
21 Headphone Socket
22 Pitch & Modulation Ball
23 Percussion Instrument Keys (5 Drumkits)
24 Disk Drive
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WS2 Module
1 MIDI Sockets (In, Out & Through)
2 Contrast
3 Pedal Sockets (P1, P2 & Damper)
4 Volume Pedal Socket
5 Headphone Socket
6 Stereo/Mono Audio Output Sockets (Left, Right & Mono)
7 Mains On/Off Switch
8 IEC Mains Input Socket
9 Tempo Display
11 Edit Section
12 Voice & Style/Song Pattern Selection Buttons
14 Polyphonic Section (A, B, C, D & E)
16 Voice / Pattern Button (Used to switch 32 buttons between Voice/Style
selection)
17 RECord Button
18 Alpha Dial
19 Global Section
20 Disk Drive
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WS400
1 IEC Mains Input Socket
2 MIDI Sockets (In, Out & Through)
3 MIDI Through or MIDI Our Function Selector
4 LCD Display Contrast
5 Optional Pedal Sockets (P1. P2 & Damper)
6 Optional Bass Pedalboard Socket
7 Optional Volume/Expression Peal Socket
8 Stereo Audio Output & Input Sockets
9 Loudspeaker Sockets
10 Loudspeakers
12 Style, Song Pattern Selection Buttons
14 Polyphonic Sections (A, B, C, D & E)
15 Sequencer Sections
16 Tempo Display
17 Alpha Dial
18 Global Section
19 Voice Section
20 Edit Section
22 Headphone Socket
23 Pitch / Modulation Ball
24 Percussion Instrument Keys (5 Drumkits)
25 Disk Drive
26 Mains Power On/Off Switch
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Part One
THE LCD DISPLAY (liquid crystal display) - Tells you the state of play at all times and
will display information depending on the buttons pressed within control panel area.
Here is an example of [Internal Style] [Bossa]
Style No./Name Global No./Name
96Bossa GLOBAL_96 Bossa

DRUMS A.BASS JAZZGTR STRINGS FLUTE
A B C D E
[A],[B],[C],[D],[E] BUTTONS - Act as multi-function buttons, track names, five
separate sound expanders, each with access to 128 editable voices.
? DIAL THE ALPHA DIAL - This dial is used to control all the functions of the workstation, e.g.
tempo, voices and edit changes etc.,.
VOICES - 32 voices can be immediately accessed by pressing buttons from [GRAND

P] to [DRUMS]. A further 96 hidden voices can be accessed by holding down [? DIAL]
in the voice section and dialling the alpha dial.
GRANDP
? DIAL DRUMS
GLOBALS - allows you to store 128 registration settings [00] to[127] using numbered
GLOBAL buttons [0] to [9] in the GLOBAL section. The [-Page] and [+Page] buttons are used
7 8 9 for scrolling through the globals (note: they are also used in other sections for paging
4 5 6 up or down).
1 2 3
0 +
A registration setting stores voices, effects, volume levels, panning, transposition,
keyboard polyphony/mono, detuning, dynamics, pedal 1-3 assignments, pitch/modu-
lation, keyboard split points, midi data.
The global numbers are sub-divided into 4 groups of 32 as follows:-
[00 - 31] are accessed by pressing the numerical buttons

[32 - 63] are accessed via the [Song Pattern]
[64 - 95] are accessed via the [Prog. Styles]
[96 - 127] are accessed via the [Internal Styles]
INTERNAL STYLES - There are 32 Internal Styles - known as factory presets - which
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can be accessed by pressing [INT STYLES] and then pressing one of rhythm styles
buttons [BOSSA] to [COUNTRY].
* Note: as you do this you will see in the LCD display that the style number/name and
global number/name will change.
BOSSA
PROGRAMME STYLES - There are 32 Programme Styles - which can be loaded, via
the disk drive, from pre-recorded disks either written by GEM, the User Group Library
or by yourself. To play a Programme Style, press [PROG STYLES] and then press one
of the rhythm style buttons [BOSSA] to [COUNTRY].
BOSSA
SONG PATTERNS - There are 32 Song Patterns - which are whole songs / parts of
a song, loaded via the disk drive from pre-recorded disks (as above). These can be
played by pressing [SONG PATT.] or [CHAIN COMPOSE] and then pressing one of
the rhythm style buttons [BOSSA] to [COUNTRY].
32
63
CHAIN COMPOSE - is a function which allows the chaining together and playback
of (a) songs, or (b) parts of a song to form a complete song. There are four chains
available which are selected by using one of the buttons A,B,C, or D.
32empty GLOBAL_32 free

Chain1 Chain2 Chain3 Chain4 JukeBox
A B C D E
REC (Record) - This control enables the recording of the following functions:
PROG. STYLES, SONG PATT., CHAIN COMPOSE, TRACK TEMPO, COMM.
INT PROG SONG CHAIN
STYLES STYLES PATT. COMPOSE REC
Page 15
CHORDS.
INT PROG SONG CHAIN

STYLES STYLES PATT. COMPOSE REC
PLAY TRACKS - This allows you to turn ON or OFF:
(a) the automatic accompaniment on tracks A,B,C,D,or E, on Internal and

Prog. Styles
(b) song tracks A,B,C,D, or E
Turning OFF a track allows you to play along if you wish.
TRACK TEMPO - Turning OFF this function overrides the automatic tempo of a
SONG or STYLE. The tempo of all SONGS or STYLES will now remain at this setting.
Turning the ALPHA DIAL will increase/decrease the TEMPO.
FULL GLOBAL - By turning OFF this function, the voice on any unlit track will
remain the same on all selected SONGs or STYLES.
COMMON CHORDS - This function can only be used in the SONG PATT recording
mode. It allows the automatic accompaniment of an INTERNAL or PROG.STYLE to
be used, including INTRO, FILL, ENDING, when recording a SONG.
PLAY TRACK
TRACKS TEMPO
MANUAL CONTROLS FULL COMM.

GLOBAL CHORDS
START
STOP
FILL
INTRO
END IN
SYNC
CONT.
MODULATION
PITCH PITCH
DOWN UP
START/STOP
MODULATION
Pressing this button will start the drums of an INTERNAL or PROG. STYLE. Then
holding down a chord in the lower octave of the keyboard, will start playing the
automatic accompaniment. This button is also used to START/STOP playback &
record of a SONG.
FILL IN
Pressing this button, whilst a STYLE is playing, will play a musical part/drum break.
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It can also be pressed when playing back a SONG which has been recorded using the
COMMON CHORD function.
SYNC/CONTINUE
By pressing this button, and then holding down a chord in the lower octave of the
keyboard when playing a STYLE, the full accompaniment ie all tracks, will be
activated.
When selecting playback of a SONG you can pause the SONG by pressing START/
STOP button, then press SYNC/CONTINUE to continue playing from the exact point
it was paused.
INTRO/END
Note: some This control plays an introduction and ending accompaniment to a selected STYLE.
PROG. By holding down a chord in the lower octave of the keyboard, and then pressing
STYLES do INTRO/END, an INTRO will play. Pressing this button again while the STYLE is
not have an playing will give an ENDING.
INTRO/
END / FILL
included PITCH/MODULATION BALL
in the
STYLE. With this control you can add GLISSATO (PITCH) and VIBRATO
(MODULATION) effects to the voices on selected tracks.
EDIT KEYPAD BUTTONS - allow you to perform many editing functions. The keypad
buttons you will use the most are the [ESC] and [ENT] buttons.
EDIT
MASTER GLOBAL VOICE
MIXER EFF 1 EFF 2
STATUS SPLITS MIDI
[ESC] (Escape) button

DISK ESC ENT
Returns you to the orginial LCD display after you have made changes.
[ENT] (Enter) button
Saves any data or parameter changes you have made. Think of it as a “YES” button.
[MASTER] - (VOLUME CONTROL)
By pressing this button and following these simple directions you can adjust the overall
volume of the keyboard:-
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Press [MASTER], Read LCD display
NOTE:
The original
volume of The “Vol” will be flashing. The volume can be increased/decreased by dialling the
the keyboard Alpha Dial.
can be
restored ie
when you You can add Bass and Treble to your volume, as follows:-
first pur-
chased the
keyboard, by Press [C] (low=bass)
performing
the Dial ALPHA DIAL Increase = Clockwise
MEMORY
PUFF Decrease = Anti-Clockwise
function.
See page 27
MEMORY Press [E] (hi=treble)
PUFF
Dial ALPHA DIAL Increase = Clockwise
NOTE: when Decrease = Anti-Clockwise
the overall
VOL control
is almost at
maximum When you are happy with the balance press [ESC], any changes made will be retained
level, you when the WS is switched off (applies to Software Version 1.10 only. This includes the
are advised WS2 upgrade).
not to
exceed
+04dB on
the LOW [GLOBAL]
bass tones.
By pressing this button you can access 7 pages, which allow you to edit the Mode,
Tuning, Transposition, Dynamics, and Pedal Assignment, of any of tracks A,B,C,D,E
EDIT and then store them to the corresponding GLOBAL of the Style or Pattern you are
working on. To scroll forward through these pages press [+Page]
in the GLOBAL section, [-Page] will scroll backwards.
PAGE 1 - Section Type

NOTE:
press [ENT] After pressing [GLOBAL] in the EDIT section the LCD will display SECTION TYPE
twice to PAGE 1/7.
store any
changes
made in
pages
1 to 7
GLOBAL00:section
This section type
allows any of the tracks A B C D E to be edited inpage
any one1/7
of four modes
as follows,
polyfirst by pressing
polya track button
poly(flashes) and then using poly
poly the ALPHA
DIAL:-
POLY (polyphonic) Several notes can be played at the same time on the
keyboard, up to 16 notes.
MONO P Only one note will play when you hold down a chord. This mode will
Page 18
automatically cancel the release/sustain of the note just played.
MONO L Only notes to the left of a note just played, can be heard.
MONO R Only notes to the right of a note just played, can be heard.
PAGE 2 - Section Detune
The LCD reads as above. Tracks A Bdetune

GLOBAL00:section C D E can be tuned by degrees of -32 to +32.
page 2/7
00degrees to a00
There are 64 semitone, thus 00 00 will transpose
the detune function 00 +/- (plus
and minus) ½ a semitone in 32 fine steps.
PAGE 3 - Section Transposer
GLOBAL00:section
The LCD reads as above. Tracks A Btransposer
C D E can be individually page 3/7 in steps
transposed,
of one semitone,
00 from -2400 to +24. 00 00 00
PAGE 4 - Dynamic norm/inverse
GLOBAL00:dynamic norm/inverse page 4/7

The LCD reads as above. This section controls the dynamic sensitiviy of notes played
in tracks norm
A B C D E:- norm norm norm norm
NORM Soft to Loud (Normal playing mode)
INVERSE Loud to Soft. The harder you play, the softer the note is heard.
By using this function you could layer two or more voices and set some to normal and
some to inverse. When you now play softly, you will hear one voice loudly and the
other layered voice softly and visa versa when you play hard.
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Some interesting effects can be created by this method such as mixing strings and
piano sounds for example.
PAGE 5 - Pedals assignment
GLOBAL00:pedals
The three pedal outputs on the keyboard assignment
P1, P2, P3 (Damper), page 5/7
can be assigned in a
number ofoff
combinations (see
offchart below),off to any one of the tracks A Bp1,2,3
off C D E, to control
such functions as Stop/Start, Fill, Intro/Ending etc. Use the ALPHA DIAL to select the
following:-
OFF Pedals P1, P2, P3 not selected

P1 Pedal 1 is selected
P2 Pedal 2 is selected
P1,2 Pedals 1 and 2 are selected
P1,2,3 Pedals 1, 2, and 3 are selected
To program a pedal see STATUS section page 1/5.
PAGE 6 - Pitch ball assign
The pitch GLOBAL00:track

ball can be assigned toball assign
any tracks page
A B C D and/or E in6/7
the following
combinations
offusing the ALPHA
off DIAL:- off off pit+mod
OFF Pitch (Glissato) and Modulation (Vibrato) are not selected.
PITCH Pitch is selected
MOD Modulation is selected
PIT+MOD Pitch and Modulation are selected
PAGE 7 - Change Global Name
To change the name of a Global, you can use a maximum of seven characters (letters/
numbers/spaces). The letters/spaces are located below the 32 VOICE buttons, and
can be written in capital letters by holding down the shift button at the same time.
GLOBAL00:change
Numbers are located on the GLOBAL global
keypad.name
To correct anypage
errors 7/7
old_name = Welcome new = ?
Page 20
press the arrow button under the [STRINGS] button and to save this new name:
Press [ENT] LCD reads “ARE YOU SURE? Press [ENT] or [ESC]”
Press [ENT] LCD reads the new GLOBAL name
[VOICE]
By pressing this button and using the alpha dial you can edit the WS keyboards 128
programmable voices, shown in alphabetical order. The display shows five editing
EDIT sections, TIMBRE - ADSSR - MOD. - SKEW - SPECIAL as shown below:-
TIMBRE
VOICE 00: voice name =GRANDP / ESC
sound samples of the WS stored in ROM memory and only the
‘octave’TIMBRE
and ‘detune’ can be modified as
ADDSR follows:-
MOD. SKEW SPECIAL
Press [A] (TIMBRE)

Dial Alpha Dial to select a timbre eg. accordion
Press [C] (octave)

Read LCD Oct = 16' 8' 4'
Dial Alpha Dial to select octave
Press [D] (detune)

Read LCD detune
Dial Alpha Dial -32 to +32
Press [ESC]
ADDSR
Attack Decay Break Point 2
GRAPH
Amplitude
ADSSR (Attack - Decay - Sustain - Sustain #2 - Release) these define and

Break of
control the progression Point 1
a sound Release
Slopetime, and
over consist of various sections and
‘Break Points’ all of which are completely programmable, and can be modified using
Time A B C D E and then changing the value by
the normal procedure of pressing buttons
Page 21
dialling the Alpha Dial. See ADDSR graph overleaf.
MOD. (Modulation, similar to Vibrato) parameter changes under this func-

tion enable you to control the modulation to each voice.
SKEW this function allows more control at the beginning of a sound.

Trumpet, trombone, and horn etc., can achieve a “lipping” effect with this control.
SPECIAL This function allows you to activate one, two or three voices, when
pressing the same key/note (dynamics), depending on how soft or hard you play,through
a system of two switches, displayed as Switch Level 1 and Switch Level 2 .
[MIXER]
By pressing this button you can control the volumes, independently, of tracks A B C
D E, from levels +06dB to -26dB. It also allows you to direct the sound to a specific
channel LEFT - RIGHT - CENTRE - MUTE.
EDIT
Press [MIXER]
Read LCD section level (dB) Page 1/2
Dial ALPHA DIAL = increase/decrease of volume
*MIXER [+PAGE]
Press : section level (db) page 1/2
Read 00 LCD section
00 out prog 00 Page 2/2 00 00
Dial ALPHA DIAL = left/right/centre/mute
When the second MIXER page is selected, this will automatically show STEREO in
all the *MIXER
sections where: DRUMKIT
section
has out prog and CENTRE
been selected page or 2/2
MUTE in all
sections where DRUMS have been selected.
Mute Right Centre Left Right
When a section has MUTE selected, this will silence the specific section and you will
only hear the sound through any selected effects such as ROTARY etc.
[EFF 1] (Effect)
This control contains 16 types of multi-effects as follows:-
DELAY 1 CHORUS 1 PHASER 1 ROTARY 1
Page 22
EDIT DELAY 2 CHORUS 2 PHASER 2 ROTARY 2
PAN ECHO FLANGER 1 PHASER 3 FLA/DEL
DUBBING FLANGER 2 ENSEMBLE PAN MIX
[EFF 2]EFFECT_1:
(Effect)Chorus2 -Enable page 1/2
oncontains 16 off
This control types of digital on on
reverb as follows:- on
HALL 1 VOCAL LARGE ROOM STEREO 1

EDIT HALL 2 PLATE EARLY 1 STEREO 2
CONCERT SMALL ROOM EARLY 2 STEREO 3
CHURCH MED ROOM EARLY 3 STEREO 4
Selecting Effects
EFFECT_2: Hall2 -Enable page 2/2
To select off
either effect1 or effect 2:-
off on on on
Press [EFF 1] or [EFF 2]
Read LCD = effect flashes - enable page 1/2
Dial Alpha Dial to select one of the above
Press [ENT] to confirm

(the effect won’t be active until [ENT] is pressed)
Press A B C D or E to assign the effect

Dial Alpha Dial = On/Off
To modify effect press [+Page] to access page 2/2, and use the normal procedure of
selecting the required parameter by pressing buttons A B C D E and change the value
by dialling the ALPHA DIAL.
Press [ENT] twice to store edits

[STATUS]Pages 1 - 5, use [+Page] to scroll through Page 1/5
This allows you to control the keyboard tuning and total transposition, the general
dynamic response and assignment of functions to pedals 1 and 2.
Page 23
EDIT
[A] keybd tuning = tunes the keyboard from -48 to +48

[B] STATUS: keyboard
keybd transp tuning
= transposes pageof1/5
the entire keyboard, in steps semitones,
from00
ktn= -06 to ktr=
+06 00 krs=fst p1=soft p2=soft
[C] keybd respon = keyboard/dynamic response, soft, hard or off.
[D] Pedal 1 = assignment of functions to pedal 1 (soft,global+,global-, stop/
start, fill, intro/ending, sync, punch, minor, seventh)
[E] Pedal 2 = assignment of functions to pedal 2 as above except sostenuto
instead of soft.
To activate any of these parameters use the normal procedure of pressing A B C D

E, and dialling the ALPHA DIAL.
Page 2/5
Volume Pedal Assign, dial ALPHA DIAL to select track(s) ON/OFF
Page 3/5STATUS: section pedal assign page 2/5

on on on on on
[A] Common Chord

STATUS: = controlled
com_chord by pedal or keyboard page
(pdl-kbrd) (autoplay)
3/5
[B] kboard
Split Chord spl=F#3
= autoplay splitbss=on one=on
can be set between kSt=off
C2 - B5
[C] Bass Follow = enables fundamental bass note to be played each time a
chord is played
[D] One Finger = enables chords to be played with one note
[E] Key Start = ON, touch start - autoplay starts when a key is pressed, and
stops when key is released. = OFF, autoplay continues when key is released
PAGE 4/5
Page 24
Pedal Switch Logic, adapts pedals 1,2,3 to Normally Open = N.O or Normally Close
= N.C STATUS: pedal switch logic page 4/5
p1=N.C. p2=N.C. p3=N.C.
PAGE 5/5
Restore Original Blocks - Puts back into the keyboard the original factory presets of
STATUS:
the sections VOICES, Restore
GLOBALS,Orig.Blocks
SEQUENCER, DEMOS. page 5/5
VOICE GLOBAL SEQ one=on DEMO
[SPLITS]
This function allows you to divide the keyboard into as many as five seperate parts
allowing one or more sounds to be layered across the keyboard, from A0 to C8.
EDIT
To assign either the start or end of a split carry out the following example:-
*SPLIT : split range page 1/2
Press [SPLIT] = start
A
Read 0-C 8 ([A]
LCD A 0-C 8 - split
flashes) A range
0-C 8 page A
1/20-C 8 A 0-C 8
(A0 to C8 is available on all tracks A B C D E)
Dial ALPHA DIAL A0 to C8 or press the appropriate note on the
keyboard
Press [A] to programme end of split

Dial ALPHA DIAL or press the appropriate note as above
Cross split assign on page 2 allows your sounds to merge from one split point to
another *SPLIT : off
without cutting cross
sharplysplit assignsplit point. page
at the assigned This is2/2achieved by
mixing the associated sounds by different levels around the split point.
off off off off off
[MIDI]
These letters stand for the words:- Musical Instrument Digital Interface. This is a code
in which electronic musical instruments, computers and other devices, with this
interface, can communicate with each other.
Page 25
EDIT
By pressing [MIDI], [+PAGE] and using the ALPHA DIAL, you can access up to 7
*MIDI
pages of midi : channel
information, which allow section
you to selectsel. page 1/7
the midi channels/parameters of
your choice.
1 2 3 4 5
[DISK]
The WS disk drive uses standard 3.5" double-sided, double-density 1 Mb (mega-

byte), computer disks and enables you to load and save “files” which can be made
up of styles, songs, sequences, voices, and globals. It is possible to look these files
EDIT up in the directory, and also erase(delete) any unwanted files.
NOTE:- you can only save complete files not a single style, voice, or global etc.
DISK : select function / ESC

[ DIR ] [ LOAD ] [ SAVE ] [ERASE ] [FORMAT]
Disk Drive
The disks should

Disk Access LED ? Eject Button
only be inserted with
the label
upwards and the
facing
Metal Shutter metal shutter end in

IMPORTANT NOTE:- Before you can save any data, you mustfirst. have a formatted disk.
To FORMAT a disk carry
Write Protect Tab out the following procedure:-
Disk Label
Press [DISK]
Press [E] (format)
Read LCD FORMAT Insert disk and strike ENT when ready
Read Disk formatting wait please (takes approx 2 min)
Page 26
In the main [DISK] menu you can select the functions DIR (Directory), LOAD, SAVE,
ERASE, and FORMAT.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
DEMOS
To access the factory preset Demonstration Songs, press [STATUS] in the Edit
section, press [+PAGE] in the Global section, advance to page 5, press [E] under the
word DEMO, press [ENT] twice.
Now press [SONG PATT.] once, so the red light is lit, press rhythm style [BEGUINE]
button and press [START].
To locate further DEMOS advance through the other rhythm buttons until tracks
[A],[B],[C], or [D], are lit, which will indicate that a Song Pattern has been stored, and
press [START].
Note: Press [CHAIN COMPOSE] and the demo songs will play consecutively.
MEMORY PUFF
A 'Memory Puff' is essentially a factory reset. This operation will completely cancel
all PROG. STYLES, SONG PATTERNS, CHAIN COMPOSE, VOICE editing etc., and
resets the keyboard back to its original factory settings and in so doing will erase
everything currently in memory.
To carry out MEMORY PUFF, press the first four voice buttons (GRANDP, PIANO,
RHODX & Fm PIANO) on the top row of the voice section and the last four buttons
(CHOIR, STRINGS, DIAL & DRUMS) on the bottom row of the voice section at the
same time. You can in fact hold down any of the first four and last buttons to perform
the above.
Generally MEMORY PUFF is used as a last resort. However, NO damage will result
to the WS when performing this function and thus can be perfomed as many times as
you wish.
Alternatively you could save your default settings to disk in an ALL file and use this
as a 'template'. Instead of performing a MEMORY PUFF, you can now just load your
'template' ALL file.
Page 27
Part 2
LESSON 1 - DISK PROCEDURES
In this lesson we shall:-
- Load an .ALL file from your “TUTORIAL DISK”

- Format a blank disk, and label it “TUTORIAL BACK-UP DISK”
- Save to this disk a copy of the .ALL file
IMPORTANT NOTE: Ensure that your “TUTORIAL DISK” is write-protected as shown

below:
WRITE
PROTECT
TAB
No Hole: No Open Hole:

Write Protect Write Protected
EDIT LOADING AN “.ALL” FILE
Insert your “TUTORIAL DISK” into the disk drive.
Press [DISK] (edit section)

LCD reads = SELECT FUNCTION
Press [B] = LOAD

LCD reads = [VOICE] [GLOBAL] [SEQ] [ALL]
Press [E] = ALL

LCD reads = Load LESSON1.ALL /ESC
(Note:- if you turn the ALPHA DIAL you can read other “.ALL” files on the disk)
Press [ENT]
LCD reads = Load LESSON1.ALL - ARE YOU SURE?
Press [ENT]
(green light on the disk drive will remain lit until data has loaded
completely.)
Press [PROG STYLES]
Press [BOSSA]
LCD reads = 64 LESSON1 GLOBAL 64 BOSSA
You have now correctly loaded your first .ALL file.
Page 28
FORMATTING A DISK
Take out your “TUTORIAL DISK” from the disk drive.
Press [DISK] (edit section)

Press [E] = FORMAT

LCD reads = insert disk and strike ENT when ready.
Note:- Have a blank-disk ready labelled “TUTORIAL BACK-UP”
Insert blank disk labelled “TUTORIAL BACK-UP” making sure you have
moved plastic slider to close the window (as shown above) to UNPROTECT
the disk.
Press [ENT]
LCD reads = Formatting please wait......
Green light on disk drive remains lit until formatting has been
completed, approx. one minute.
LCD reads = SELECT FUNCTION / ESC
Normally you would press [ESC] to leave this function, however we are
now going to use the function SAVE.
SAVING AN .ALL FILE
Now we are going to save LESSON1.ALL file, which is still in the

memory of the WS, to the disk labelled “TUTORIAL BACK-UP”
(formatting a disk will not erase any data inside the WS).
Press [C] = SAVE

LCD reads = FILE SAVE [VOICE] [GLOBAL] [SEQ] [ALL]
Press [E] = ALL (flashes)

LCD reads = SAVE NAME ??.ALL /ESC
You will now have to type in the name of the file you are saving by using the
alphabet buttons (which are below the “voice” buttons [GRAND P] to
[DRUMS]), and the “GLOBAL” keypad buttons to enter a number.
Now type the word LESSON1 (use the backspace arrow under [STRINGS]
to correct or change anything you have typed)
Press [ENT]
LCD reads = ARE YOU SURE?
Press [ENT]
LCD reads = saving LESSON1.ALL wait please
Congratulations! You have now saved your first .ALL file.

Page 29
DIRECTORY FUNCTION
This function will display in the LCD screen a list of the names of each file you have
stored (on your disk) under [VOICE] [GLOBAL] [SEQ] and [ALL]. Note: - [ALL] is a file
containing all the data of VOICE, GLOBAL and SEQUENCER.
DISK : select function / ESC

[ DIR ] [ LOAD ] [ SAVE ] [ERASE ] [FORMAT]
DISK: D I R E C T O R Y / ESC
[voice] [global] [ seq. ] [ ] [ all ]
DISK: DIRECTORY LESSON1.ALL / ESC

[voice] [global] [ seq. ] [ ] [ all ]
To check that you have successfully saved your file LESSON1.ALL to your disk.
Press [DISK]
Press [A] = DIR (directory)

LCD reads = DIRECTORY - [VOICE] [GLOBAL] [SEQ] [ALL]
Press [E] = ALL

LCD reads = Directory LESSON1.ALL
This confirms that LESSON1.ALL file has been saved.
Note:- Any other files which have been saved can be read by turning the ALPHA DIAL,
which are stored numerically and alphabetically.
Press [ESC] twice to return to previous display
Page 30
Part Three
LESSON - COPYING AND EDITING STYLES, GLOBALS AND VOICES
Load the .ALL file LESSON1.ALL from your “TUTORIAL BACK-UP” disk
(if not already loaded), as shown on page 28.
COPYING AN INTERNAL STYLE WITH ITS GLOBAL TO A PROG STYLE
In this example you are going to copy Internal Style 97 Beguine to Prog Style 65
Beguine.
Press [PROG STYLES]

Press [BEGUINE]
Press [REC] (lit)
LCD reads = PROG STYLES
[NAME] [TEMPO] [COPY] [CLEAR] [RIFF]
Press [C] = COPY

LCD reads = COPY From: —— To: 65 Empty
Dial ALPHA DIAL to select 97 Beguine
Press [ENT]
LCD reads = ARE YOU SURE? Mem = ... (available memory)
Press [ENT]
Press [ESC] twice
Press [BEGUINE]
Lights on tracks ABC confirm copying has taken place
Press [START] and play a chord in the lower octave.
Listening to this copied style you will hear a difference from the original
Internal Style Beguine, this is because the DATA only has been copied,
not the GLOBAL settings ie Voices, effects etc,. Press [INT STYLES] then
press [PROG STYLES] whilst playing to compare the two styles.
To copy the GLOBAL from INT STYLES BEGUINE to PROG STYLES

BEGUINE:-
Press [INT STYLES] [BEGUINE] (tracks ABC lit)

Press [ENT]
LCD reads = STORE GLOBAL 97 BEGUINE to 97 BEGUINE
Dial ALPHA DIAL to select 65 BEGUINE
Press [ENT]
Press [PROG STYLES] [BEGUINE]
Press [START] and play a chord.
The two styles will now be identical.
EDITING YOUR COPIED STYLE

Page 31
In this example we will edit the volumes, voices, effects, and transposition of your
copied style.
CHANGING THE VOLUMES OF A TRACK
Press [PROG STYLES] [BEGUINE], press [START] and play a chord

in the lower octave of the keyboard (ABC lit - this denotes
autoplay on these tracks)
Press [MIXER] - (whilst keyboard is still playing.)

Press [A] (flashes)
Dial ALPHA DIAL to +05
Press [D] (flashes)

Dial ALPHA DIAL to -01
Press [ENT] twice (this edit of volumes has now been stored.)
Press [STOP]
SELECTING A DIFFERENT VOICE ON A TRACK:-
Press [E] (ACCORD -flashes)

Press [FL.HORN] (in voice section)
Press [C] (GUITAR -flashes)
Press and Hold down [@ DIAL/SPACE] (in voice section) and at the same
time dial ALPHA DIAL to “GRANDmf” now on track[C].
Press [ENT] twice to store these voice changes.
NOTE:- It is best to make any changes to your style whilst the keyboard is playing,
as you can then hear what you are doing.
CHANGING THE EFFECTS OF YOUR COPIED STYLE:-
Press [START] - hold down a chord in the lower octave

Press [EFF1] (edit section buttons)
LCD reads = Delay 1 (flashes) -Enable
Press [C] = OFF

Dial ALPHA DIAL to ON
Press [+PAGE] (Global section buttons)

LCD reads = MIX=-28 (flashes) track [A]
Dial ALPHA DIAL to -24 (increases the delay effect)
Press [ENT] twice

This edit is now stored.
Press [EFF2] (edit section buttons)
Page 32
LCD reads = Concert (flashes) - Enable
Dial ALPHA DIAL to VOCAL
Press [ENT]
Press [A] = OFF
Dial ALPHA DIAL to ON
Press [ENT] twice
The choice of effects are up to you. So have fun trying them out!
TRANSPOSING A TRACK
Using your copied style, you can create an interesting effect simply by transposing
a track up or down a full octave (ie 12 semitones), you can do this while the key-
board is playing.
Press [GLOBAL] (edit section button)

Press [+PAGE] twice (Global section button)
LCD reads = SECTION TRANSPOSER page 3/7
Press [C] = 00
Dial ALPHA DIAL to +12
(GRANDmf will be increased by one octave)
Press [ENT] twice
A completed example of all the edits in this lesson have been stored on [PROG
STYLE] [MARCH] for you to listen to.
REPROGRAMMING TEMPO
INTERNAL STYLES ONLY
Choose an Internal Style ie 96 BOSSA
Press [REC]
LCD reads Tempo = 120
Dial ALPHA DIAL to 114
Press [ESC] tempo selected is now stored to this style
PROGRAMME STYLES / SONG PATTERNS
Choose a Programme Style or Song Pattern. ie (68) EIGHTB
Press [REC]
LCD reads = [NAME] [TEMPO] [COPY] [CLEAR] [RIFF]
Press [B]
LCD reads Tempo = 80
Dial ALPHA DIAL to 110
Press [ESC] twice tempo is now stored to this style
Page 33
USING TRACK TEMPO FUNCTION
Press [TRACK TEMPO] light goes out

All styles selected will now play at the same tempo as displayed.
Dial ALPHA DIAL to increase/decrease the tempo manually
NOTE:- To restore original tempo press [TRACK TEMPO] red light on
MUTING AN AUTOPLAY TRACK
This example mutes the Data and Voice -
Choose Internal Style 96 Bossa for example:-
Press [START] and play a chord in lower octave
Press [C] = JAZZGTR (flashes)
Press [C] again

LCD reads OFF (Jazzguitar will not be heard)
Press [C] again to restore JAZZGTR track
USING [PLAY TRACKS] FUNCTION
This next example mutes the Data, but the Voice of the Jazzgtr will be heard as
you play notes in the upper octaves.
Choose Internal Style 96 Bossa for example:-
Press and Hold down [PLAY TRACKS] and Press [C] these buttons are
now unlit
Jazzgtr will be heard along with Strings and Flute when you
play in the upper octaves.
Press and hold down [PLAY TRACKS] and Press [C] to restore the data
on Track [C] red light on
Press [PLAY TRACKS] again, red light is now on

Press [STOP]
MUTING A TRACK OF A SONG PATTERN
In this example you will be able to turn off the melody on track [E] of SONG PAT-
TERN 32, enabling you to play along with the song.
Press [SONG PATT]
Page 34
Press [BOSSA] = Song Pattern 32 (ABCE tracks lit)
Press [START]
Press and hold down [PLAY TRACKS] and Press [E]red light is off.
You are now able to play along using the Voice of track [E].
NOTE:- Using this method you can turn off any track. The choice is yours.
CHANGING GLOBALS WHILST PLAYING A STYLE
This is a quick and easy way of varying the global settings of a style, so try it out
and hear the difference it makes to the arrangement:-
Press [INT STYLES] [BOSSA]
Press [0] and [1] of GLOBAL section buttons

LCD reads = 96 BOSSA GLOBAL 01 LOVE
(the panel settings of GLOBAL 01 will be heard instead of
GLOBAL 96.)
Global 01 LOVE is a factory layered program allowing STRINGS and PIANO to be

played together across the full length of the keyboard. Play the keyboard now to
hear this effect.
Press [+PAGE] whilst the style is playing, to scroll through

consecutive Globals, or simply enter in your favourite Global
number. [-PAGE] will scroll backwards.
NOTE: If you STOP and then START the keyboard at any time during play, the
style will revert back to its original global number, in this case GLOBAL 96.
If you want to save another global to your style simply press [ENT] twice.
HOW TO ASSIGN A SPLIT AND MAKE A LAYERED SOUND
In this example we are going to use INT STYLES BOSSA and change the split of
the STRINGS from the lower octave to the upper octave of the keyboard, in order
to make a layered sound with the FLUTE:-
Press [INT STYLES] [BOSSA]
Press [SPLITS] (edit section buttons)

LCD reads = Split range
A0.C8 A0.C8 G3.C8 A0.F#3 G3.C8
Page 35
[A] [B] [C] [D] [E]
(Drums) (Bass) (Jazzg) (Strings) (Flute)
Press [D] - A0 flashes

Dial ALPHA DIAL to select F3, or press F3 on keyboard
Press [D] again - F#3 flashes

Dial ALPHA DIAL to select C7, or press C7 on keyboard
Press [ENT] twice to store this change to Global 96.
Press [START] and play a chord in lower octave, STRINGS will not
be heard. However, all notes played in the upper octaves above
F3 will play a layered sound of STRINGS and FLUTE.
HOW TO EDIT AND PROGRAM VOICES
First of all we shall save the VOICE data only in the keyboards memory to our
“TUTORIAL BACK-UP” disk as a .VCE file. The reason for this is that we want to
keep a copy of the voices before we carry out voice editing.
Assuming you are working your way through this TUTORIAL GUIDE, lesson by
lesson, you should have, at this point, loaded into the keyboard’s memory LES-
SON1.
SAVING A VOICE FILE
Press [DISK]
Press [C] = SAVE
Press [A] = VOICE (flashes)

LCD reads = Save Name ??.VCE
(Type using the alphabet keys the name ORIGINAL)
Press [ENT] twice

Press [ESC]
EDITING A VOICE
EDIT
In this example we are going to create a different trumpet sound using the Voice
data. We purposely chose a TIMBRE in which changes would dramatically show
you how you can create a new voice.
VOICE 20: voice name =TRUMPET / ESC

TIMBRE ADDSR MOD. SKEW SPECIAL
Page 36
ADDSR
Attack Decay Break Point 2
GRAPH
Amplitude
Break Point 1 Slope Release
Time
ADSSR PROGRAMMING:- (Note:- Use alpha dial to change the values)
Press [VOICE] (edit section buttons)

Dial ALPHA DIAL select voice 20 TRUMPET in LCD display
Press [B] ADSSR
Press [A] (attack time) atk = 00

change to 27 using ALPHA DIAL
Press [B] (Decay 1) dc1 = 09

change to 48
Press [C] (BreakPoint 1) bp1 = -06

change to -39
Press [D] (Decay2/Slope) dc2 = 99

change to 60
Press [E] (BreakPoint 2) bp2 = -06

change to -48
Press [+PAGE] to go to Page 2
Press [A] (Release Time) rls = 15

change to 51
Press [B] (Envelope Tracking) etk = 01

change to 01
Press [C] (Dynamic Sensitivity) sdn = 03

change to 01
Press [D] (Voice Level/Volume) lev = +06

change to 00
We are now going to store this voice edit:-

Page 37
Press [ENT]
LCD reads = STORE VOICE: 20 TRUMPET TO: .........?
Dial ALPHA DIAL to 120 SPACE 1 in alphabetical order
(or any voice number you wish to write over)
Press [ENT] - voice is now stored as 120 TRUMPET
We are now going to rename this voice, as it would be impractical to have two
differing TRUMPET sounds with the same name:-

Dial ALPHA DIAL to 120 TRUMPET (in this example)
Press [E] SPECIAL
Press [+PAGE]
LCD reads = change voice name
old name = TRUMPET new = ?
Type using alphabet keys TRUMTON or any name you wish to call it
(Hold SHIFT for capital letters)
Press [ENT] twice
Compare the two trumpet sounds TRUMPET and TRUMTON!
To hear how the other 127 TIMBRES (sampled sounds) would sound with the
above ADSSR edits:-
Press [VOICE]
Dial ALPHA DIAL to select 120 TRUMTON
Press [A] TIMBRE

Dial ALPHA DIAL to scroll through, play and hear each TIMBRE
This is a quick way of writing a new voice.
FURTHER VOICE EDITING (Modulation, Skew)
In this example we shall use the new voice 120 TRUMTON:-

Dial ALPHA DIAL to select 120 TRUMTON
Press [C] (MODULATION)
Press [A] (Delay) dly = 50

Press [B] (Type) typ = 01
Page 38
change to 04
Press [C] (Depth] dpt = 01

change to 08
Press [D] (Frequency) frq = 45

change to 06
Press [ESC]
Press [D] (SKEW)
Press [A] (Skew On/Key On) kon = off

change to ON using ALPHA DIAL
Press [B] (Skew On/Key Off) koff = off

change to ON
Press [C] (Type) typ = 01

leave as 01
Press [D] (Depth) dpt = +01

change to -24
Press [E] (Time) tme = 00

change to 06
Store this voice edit to 69 SPACE2 and rename, as explained previously.
SAVING YOUR EDITS TO DISK AS A .VCE FILE
We shall now save these voice edits to your TUTORIAL BACK-UP disk as a .VCE
file, and name it NEWONES.
NOTE:- Ensure your TUTORIAL BACK-UP DISK is UNPROTECTED

(ie plastic tab window closed) and inserted into your disk-drive
Press [DISK] (edit section buttons)

Press [C] = FILE SAVE
Press [A] = VOICE

LCD reads = Save ORIGINL.VCE
Type using alphabet keys NEW ONE over ORIGINAL
NOTE:- Don’t worry the ORIGINAL.VCE file will not be erased, it is just the way the
WS works!
Press [ENT] twice to save

If you wish to Load back ORIGINL.VCE file (which has SPACE 1) the procedure is
Page 39
as follows:-
Ensure TUTORIAL BACK-UP disk is in drive.
Press [DISK] (edit section buttons)
Press [B] LOAD
Press [A] VOICE

Dial ALPHA DIAL to select ORIGINL.VCE
Press [ENT] twice
The original voice data only has now loaded, and the edits you made to your
programme styles, globals etc in the previous lessons have not been affected,
they are still in the keyboards memory. All we did was to load a new voice file.
Similarly, you can save and load globals, and sequences in the same way.
PROGRAMMABLE DRUMKIT
The programmable DRUMKIT is voice 127 and is not to be confused with DRUMS
(WS non-programmable).
Assign DRUMKIT to track [A] by holding down [@ DIAL] and dialling the ALPHA
DIAL, then turn OFF tracks [B] [C] [D] [E].
These are the edits you can make to your drumkit:-
* COPY
* FOLD
* MODIFY:-
[A] = Assign each sound to the Left, Right or Both speakers, or Mute.
[B] = Assign effects EFF1, EFF2 or both
[C] = Volume level -08 to +06 dB
[D] = Sampling or Pitch Frequency from 7.90Khz to 40.1Khz
* SPECIAL:- In this function it is possible to program a second drum instru

ment to play on the same key. The instrument you hear will depend on
how hard or soft you press the key. This is called DYNAMIC SWITCH.
* RESTORE:- Restores the original factory preset DRUMKIT
VOICE127 : voice name = DRUMKIT / ESC

Bd Gate Key=C 2 fld=off [MODIFY] [SPEC. ]
Page 40
HOW TO ACCESS THE EDIT FUNCTIONS OF THE DRUMKIT
Press [A] DRUMKIT flashes

LCD reads = VOICE 127 DRUMKIT (Bd GATE flashes)
Bd Gate Key = C2 Fold Modify Special
[A] [B] [C] [D] [E]
Press [A] = Bd Gate (flashes)

Dial ALPHA DIAL to assign a different instrument to C2
Press [B] Keynote (flashes)

Dial ALPHA DIAL to change keynote or press any key from C2 to
C7
Press [C] (FOLD ON/OFF) adds another octave to your DRUMKIT
Press [D] (MODIFY)
Press [A],[B],[C], or [E] and use ALPHA DIAL to change values as

shown in MODIFY above
Press [ESC]
Press [SPECIAL]
Press [A] (Dynamic Switch On/Off) use ALPHA DIAL on/off
Press [B] (Instrument Switch) use ALPHA DIAL or press a key to

select a 2nd Instrument
Press [E] to restore original DRUMKIT, then [ENT] or [ESC]
EDITING THE DRUMKIT
In this example we are going to reduce the volume of the RIMSHOT, change the
effect, panning and frequency, and also assign a second instrument using the
SPECIAL feature, and finally copy it to C7:-
Ensure DRUMKIT is flashing on [A] track, and all other tracks are turned off.
Bd Gate C 2 -instrum. output prog / ESC

centre eff 2 lev=+6 frq=10.3
Page 41
VOLUME:-
Press B2 on the keyboard = Rim Shot (flashes LCD [A])
Press [D] MODIFY
Press [C] (LEVEL) lev = +06

FREQUENCY:-
Press [D] (FREQUENCY) frq = 8.37

change to 7.90 using ALPHA DIAL
PANNING:-
Press [A] (INSTRUMENT OUTPUT)= centre (flashes)

change to “right” using ALPHA DIAL
EFFECTS:-
Press [B] (EFFECTS SEND) eff 2 (flashes)

change to “eff1/2” using ALPHA DIAL
Press [ESC]
SPECIAL:-
Press [E] (DYNAMIC SWITCH) sw= off

change to ON using ALPHA DIAL
Press [B] (INSTRUMENT SWITCH)

select CLAPS by dialling ALPHA DIAL or press B3
Press [ESC]
We are now going to copy the Rim Shot to C7:-
Press [B] (Key = B2)

change to C7 by dialling ALPHA DIAL or press C7
SAVING EDITS:-
Press [ENT] twice
Page 42
IMPORTANT NOTE:- SAVING YOUR EDITS TO DISK
If you wish to save any edits you have made to disk as an ALL file, VOICE file etc.,
remember to rename the file, if you want to keep your original files.
For example:- You have loaded LESSON1.ALL (an ALL file) already in the key-
board, and have made edits to the drumkit, programme styles etc., which you wish
to save to disk as an .ALL file. By renaming this file LESSONX you will not lose
the original LESSON1 file.
See SAVING A VOICE FILE TO DISK section, page 39, to remind you how to
save a file to disk, however ensure you press [ALL] instead of [VOICE].
Key Not No. Instrument Key Not No. Instrument

C2 36 1 Bass Drum - GATE KIT 1 C5 72 37 Bongo 2 - High - PERC.
C#2 37 2 Snare Noise C#5 73 38 Bongo 1 - Low
D2 38 3 SD Gate D5 74 39 Conga 2/3 - High
D#2 39 4 SD Fusion D#5 75 40 Conga 1 -Medium
E2 40 5 Tom Room 1 - High E5 76 41 Conga 4 - Low
F2 41 6 Tom Room 2 - Medium F5 77 42 Guiro
F#2 42 7 Cabasa F#5 78 43 Quica 1 - Low
G2 43 8 Tom Room 3 - Low G5 79 44 Timbale 1 - High
Tambourine 1 - Soft
G#2 44 9 G#5 80 45 Timbale 2 - Low
Short
A2 45 10 Tom Room 4 - Big A5 81 46 Agogo 1 - Low
A#2 46 11 Cowbell A#5 82 47 Triangle
B2 47 12 Rimshot B5 83 48 Whistle Loop
C3 48 13 Bass Drum - JAZZ KIT 2 C6 84 49 Vox Bass Drum - VOICE
C#3 49 14 Brush 2 / Brush 3 C#6 85 50 Shot
D3 50 15 Snare Drum Jazz 1 D6 86 51 Vox HOH
D#3 51 16 Brush 1 D#6 87 52 Vox SPOO
E3 52 17 Tom 1 - High E6 88 53 Vox BOOM
F3 53 18 Tom 2 - Medium F6 89 54 Vox Tom - High
F#3 54 19 Hi Hat 1 Closed F#6 90 55 Vox Hi Hat 1
G3 55 20 Tom 3 - Low G6 91 56 Vox Tom - Low
G#3 56 21 Hi Hat Foot G#6 92 57 Vox Hi Hat 2
A3 57 22 Wood Block A6 93 58 Vox Tip
A#3 58 23 Hi Hat Open A#6 94 59 Vox Tap
B3 59 24 Claps B6 95 60 Vox Tip Tap
C4 60 25 Bass Drum - DRUM KIT 3 C7 96 61 Vox HAA Voice - FOLDED
C#4 61 26 Ride C#7 97 62 Tambourine 2 - Acc Long
D4 62 27 Snare Drum D7 98 63 Brush 3
D#4 63 28 Ride Cup D#7 99 64 Snare Drum Jazz 2
E4 64 29 Electric Tom 1 E7 100 65 Hi Hat 2 - Closed
F4 65 30 Electric Tom 2 F7 101 66 Claves
F#4 66 31 Splash F#7 102 67 Conga 3 - Slap
G4 67 32 Electric Tom 3 G7 103 68 Quica 2 - High
G#4 68 33 Crash Cymbal 1 G#7 104 69 Agogo 2 - High
A4 69 34 Vibra Slap A7 105 70 Metronome 1 - Freq. 1
A#4 70 35 Crash Cymbal 2 A#7 106 71 Metronome 2 - Freq. 1
B4 71 36 Bells B7 107 72 Metronome 1 - Freq. 2
Default WS Drumkit 1.10 C8 108 73 Metronome 2 - Freq. 2
Page 43
Part Four
LESSON - USING THE SEQUENCER
NOTE:- Load LESSON2 from your “WORKING DISK” into the keyboard and save
this lesson to your “TUTORIAL BACK-UP DISK (see DISK PROCEDURES “Loading
an .ALL file” and “Saving an .ALL file).
There are three ways of recording a song pattern using the sequencer as follows:-
1. Single Track by Track

2. Internal Styles (using automatic accompaniment)
3. Programme Styles (using automatic accompaniment)
SINGLE TRACK RECORDING
Song Pattern numbers and globals are 32 - 63. To record a single track:-
Press [SONG PATT] (lit)

Press [BOSSA] (Pattern No. 32 in this example)
Note:- Choose an empty pattern or one you are happy to clear
Press [REC]
LCD Reads = 32 EMPTY: <PATTERN Page 1/1
Note:- If pattern not EMPTY press [D] CLEAR and [ENT] twice to clear.
Press [E] = REC

LCD reads = OFF on all tracks A B C D E page 1/3
Press [+PAGE]
LCD reads = <<REC MEM = ?% page 2/3
CLEAR QUANT ERASE MODE
Press [D] = MODE

LCD reads = <<MODE page 1/1
Time = 4/4 Len =? Pun = off
Press [C] = Length (Number of bars )

Dial ALPHA DIAL to select 8 bars (Holds 1-99 bars)
Press [ESC]
LCD reads = <<REC page 1/3
Press [E] = ORGAN 1 (flashes)

Select a voice of your choice ie RHODX
Dial ALPHA DIAL to select a slower tempo eg. 84
Press [START] and begin playing after the fourth metronome beat
(Counter reads 1.1.1. on LCD). If you miss this cue press [STOP] and then
[START] again when ready.
If you are following the above example you will only be able to play 8 bars of music,
Page 44
the sequencer will then stop recording at counter reading 8.4.24.
The [REC] and [E] track are still lit and flashing.
At this point you can either overdub (add further notes to your recording) on this track
[E], or choose another track to record on.
OVERDUB
Press [START] and begin playing after the fourth beat of the metro
nome. Sequencer will stop automatically.
You can press [START] and play (overdub) as many times as you like. This
is a good way of recording a complicated piece of music, step by step.
Press [E] (remains lit - not flashing)
RECORDING ANOTHER TRACK
Press [D] (light flashes) or any other track you wish to record on.
Press [START] and begin playing after the 4th beat of the metronome
as above. You will also hear track [E] playing back at the same
time.
If you wish to CLEAR a track you have recorded on carry out the following:-
CLEARING A TRACK
In this example we shall clear TRACK D:-
Press [+PAGE] = page 2/3

Press [A] = CLEAR
LCD reads <<<CLEAR page 1/2
[TRACK A] (flashes)
Press [D] = TRACK D (flashes)

Press [ENT] twice
Press [ESC]
LCD reads = <<REC page 1/3
NAMING YOUR SONG
Press [ESC]
Press [A] = NAME
LCD reads = NAME change
Old name = empty New = ?
Type using alphabet keys to write the name of your song
Press [ENT] twice

Press [ESC] twice
PLAYING BACK YOUR SONG
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Press [SONG PATT] (red light on)
Press [BOSSA] 32
Press [START] and you will hear your song play
Well done you have recorded your first song!
RECORDING A SONG PATTERN USING INTERNAL STYLES
This type of recording allows you to record up to four tracks of an internal styles auto
accompaniment, using single fingered or full chords. In this example we shall use
Internal Style SONG 116, and set the tempo to 100 for recording:-
Press [SONG PATT] (lit)

Press [BEGUINE] 33 EMPTY
Press [REC] (lit)
Press [E] = REC

LCD reads = 33 EMPTY << REC all tracks off
Dial ALPHA DIAL to set TEMPO to 100
Press [+PAGE]
Press [D] = MODE
LCD reads = time 4/4 length = infinity etc
Set the time signature and length of bars if required using the
ALPHA DIAL
Press [ESC]
LCD reads = << REC page 1/3
Press [INT STYLES] (tracks A B C D lit)
Press [SONG] (52) button in rhythm styles section
Press [COMMON CHORDS] light flashes
Press [START] You will now hear the metronome. After the 4th beat
begin playing the chords of your song in the lower octave of the
keyboard
Press [STOP]
Press [COMM CHORDS] twice (remains lit - not flashing)
IMPORTANT NOTE:- If [COMM CHORDS] is left flashing, the recording you have
just made will be erased.
Press [E] (flashes)

On this track you will record the melody of your song.
Press [START] after the 4th beat of the metronome you will hear the
chords you recorded being played back. Now start to play your
melody.
Press [STOP]
Press [E] (remains lit)
We will now store the tempo setting permanently:-
Page 46
Press [ESC]
Press [TEMPO] = 120
Dial ALPHA DIAL to set tempo to 100
Press [ESC]
If you now wish to name your song press [NAME], type in the song name using
alphabet keys, press [ENT] twice, and press [ESC] twice.
If you do not want to name your song:-
Press [ESC]
You have now recorded your song, press [START] to hear it playback.
Note:- if you wanted to record the introduction and ending of your chosen Internal
Style, press [INTRO/END] instead of [START] at the beginning of your recording,
and press [INTRO/END] at the end of your recording.
Also you can record the fill at anytime throughout your

recording, by pressing [FILL].
RECORDING A SONG PATTERN USING PROGRAMME STYLES
The procedure for recording a song pattern using programme styles

is the same as above USING INTERNAL STYLES in that you press the
[PROG STYLES] button instead of [INT STYLES]
LESSON - WRITING A PROGRAMME STYLE
Page 47
Part 5
There are many ways of writing a new programme style as follows:-
1. Copying from the 32 INTERNAL STYLES the full automatic

accompaniment of the major, minor, and seventh chords, intro, fill, and
endings, (called riffs) using a combination of these 32 styles
2. Copying from the PROGRAMME STYLES the riffs as above
3. Single Track by Track, whereby you will have to write your own drum, bass,
and accompaniment tracks.
COPYING PARTS FROM THE INTERNAL STYLES
In this example we will be using parts of Internal Styles Beguine, Bossa, Song,
Cha Cha:-
COPYING INTRO FROM BEGUINE
Press [PROG STYLE] (lit)

Press [LATIN 2] 83 EMPTY
Press [REC]
Press [E] RIFF
LCD reads = << RIFF select page 1/2
[MAJOR] [MINOR] [7TH]
Press [+PAGE]
LCD reads = [INTRO] [FILL] [END] page 2/2
Press [A] = INTRO

LCD reads = [MODE] [COPY] [CLEAR] [REC]
Press [B] = COPY
LCD reads = From: 83 EMPTY -INT Empty TO: 83 EMPTY
Dial ALPHA DIAL to read 97 BEGUINE

Press [ENT] twice, [ESC] twice
LCD reads = [MAJOR] [MINOR] [7TH] page 1/2
Continue.......
COPYING MAJOR FROM BOSSA
Press [A] = MAJOR

Press [B] = COPY
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LCD reads = From: 97 BEGUINE -INTRO TO: 83 EMPTY
Dial ALPHA DIAL to read 96 BOSSA

Press [C] = INTRO (flashes)
Dial ALPHA DIAL to select MAJOR

Continue.......
COPYING MINOR FROM BEGUINE
Press [B] = MINOR

Press [B] = COPY
LCD reads = From: 96 BOSSA - MAJOR TO: 83 EMPTY

Dial ALPHA DIAL to 97 BEGUINE
Press [C] = MAJOR (flashes)
Dial ALPHA DIAL to select MINOR

Continue.......
COPYING 7TH FROM CHA CHA
Press [C] = 7TH

Press [B] = COPY

LCD reads = From: 97 BEGUINE - MINOR TO: 83 EMPTY
Dial ALPHA DIAL to read 113 CHACHA

Press [C] = MINOR (flashes)
Dial ALPHA DIAL to select 7TH

Continue.....
COPYING FILL FROM SONG
Press [+PAGE]
Press [B] = FILL
Page 49
Press [B] = COPY

LCD reads = From: 113 CHACHA - 7TH TO: 83 EMPTY
Dial ALPHA DIAL to 116 SONG
Press [C] = 7TH (flashes)

Dial ALPHA DIAL to select FILL

Continue......
COPYING ENDING FROM SONG
Press [+PAGE]
Press [C] = END

Press [B] = COPY

LCD reads = From: 116 SONG - FILL TO: 83 EMPTY
Press [C] = FILL (flashes)

Dial ALPHA DIAL to select END
Continue.....
NAMING YOUR PROG STYLE
Press [ESC] again

LCD reads = [NAME] [TEMPO] [COPY] [CLEAR] [RIFF]
Press [A] = NAME

LCD reads = OLD name = empty NEW name ?
Type using alphabet keys and numeric keypad LATIN3

On playing back your new programme style LATIN3, by pressing [INTRO] and holding
down a chord, you will hear the style being played with GLOBAL 83 of PROG STYLE
LATIN2. Try out a Minor, 7th, Fill, and hear the combination of these parts put together.
CHANGING THE GLOBAL OF YOUR NEW STYLE
Page 50
Try out other globals while you are playing, using the [+PAGE] or [-PAGE] buttons.
To store your chosen GLOBAL eg. GLOBAL 84:-
Press [+PAGE] to select GLOBAL 84

Press [ENT] once
LCD reads = STORE GLOBAL 84 SONG to 84 SONG

Dial ALPHA DIAL to 83 LATIN2
Press [ENT] once
An example of the above programme style with global 84 is stored under PROG
STYLE 95 COUNTRY for you to compare yours with.
COPYING PARTS OF THE PROGRAMME STYLES
The procedure is the same as copying parts of the internal styles except you would
press [PROG STYLES] instead of [INT STYLES] button.
In this example we shall be copying all the parts of PROG STYLE 68 EIGHT BEAT
in one go, then clearing some tracks, enabling you to record new tracks of your own.
COPYING ALL PARTS
Press [PROG STYLES] (lit)

Press [SONG] 84 EMPTY
Press [REC]
Press [C] = COPY
LCD reads = << COPY
From: ...?.... To: 84 EMPTY
Dial ALPHA DIAL to 68 EIGHT B

Press [ENT] twice, [ESC] once
Continue.......
CLEARING A TRACK FROM PROG STYLES
Press [E] = RIFF

Press [A] = MAJOR
Press [E] = REC
LCD reads = MAJOR REC page 1/3
Press [+PAGE]
LCD reads = MAJOR page 2/3
[CLEAR] [QUANT] [ERASE]
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Press [A] = CLEAR
LCD reads = MAJOR CLEAR page 1/2
TRACK A (flashing)
Press [D] = TRACK D (flashing)

TRACK D has now been cleared, press [D] if you wish to record
on this track
Continue......
ERASING A NOTE ON THE DRUM TRACK ENDING (crash cymbal)
Press [ESC] twice

LCD reads = << RIFF SELECT page 1/2
[MAJOR] [MINOR] [7TH]
Press [+PAGE]
Press [C] = END
Press [E] = REC
LCD reads = << END REC page 1/3
Press [+PAGE]
LCD reads = << END page 2/3
[CLEAR] [QUANT] [ERASE]
Press [C] = ERASE

LCD reads = << END ERASE page 1/1
Press [A] = DRUMS twice (red light flashing)
NOTE: CRASH CYMBAL is G#4 on the keyboard, press this note now to confirm
were it is located. This is the note we shall erase from the riff END.
Press [START] and hold down the note G#4

(You will hear the END riff play for two bars)
Press [STOP]
Press [A] = DRUMS (red light - not flashing)
Press [ESC] once

LCD reads = <<< END REC page 1/3
Its from this page you can continue with recording and overdubbing
on tracks if you wish
Press [REC] to exit record mode (unlit)
Remember to copy the GLOBAL of EIGHT B to your new PROG STYLE and rename
it, if you want to.
Page 52
TRACK BY TRACK RECORDING
Before you begin you should have a good idea of what you want to accomplish ie;
which RIFFs you want to write and the:-
TIME SIGNATURE; LENGTH OF BARS; KEY SIGNATURE
NOTE:- the length of your RIFF will automatically loop (repeat playing) allowing you
to overdub, as explained in USING THE SEQUENCER - SINGLE TRACK
RECORDING, enabling you to build up complicated RIFFS.
Press [PROG STYLE]= lit and press an empty RHYTHM STYLE

button you wish to store it to.
Press [REC] (lit)

Press [E] = RIFF
Press [A] [B] or [C] = MAJ, MIN, or 7TH
Press [A] = MODE

LCD reads = <<...... MODE page 1/1
Time = 4/4 Len = 2 Pun = off Key = C
Select either of the above by pressing [A] [C] or [D] and dialling
the ALPHA DIAL
Press [ESC]
Press [E] = REC

LCD reads = <<<....REC page 1/3
OFF on all tracks
Press [A] to record DRUMS (red light flashing)
NOTE: You can practise first. Just play the notes before pressing [START].
NOTE: After you have finished recording press [STOP] and playback your track
NOTE:- If you find your timing is out you can now quantize your track if you wish (see
QUANTIZE SECTION for definition)
Continue......
QUANTISING A TRACK
Press [+PAGE]
Press [B] = QUANT (Quantize)
Page 53
LCD reads = <<<<......QUANT = 96 page 1/1
Press [A] = TRACK A (flashes - red light on)

Dial ALPHA DIAL to select the QUANTIZE value you want eg. 16
Repeat the recording process for the other tracks. Note you can change the voice of
the track whilst recording.
Press [REC] = unlit to exit RECORD mode
If you make any mistakes don’t worry, you can clear any track separately and re-
record over it (as previously explained) without destroying the whole of your RIFF.
Remember to name your Programme Style
QUANTIZE SECTION
If any timing errors are made during a recording, the sequencer can clean up or
“quantize” the timing errors so that the recording can be replayed with everything
in perfect time. All that the WS workstation requires from you is to know how many
parts to divide the bar into.
On the WS there are divisions of 8,12,16,24,32,48 and 96. For simpler music where
nothing more than a quaver (1/8 note) is used, a quantize value of 8 would be an
ideal way to correct any timing errors. It would ensure that nothing other than perfect
quavers exist. Crotchets, minims, and semibreves would still be
retained as quantizing only condenses notes played “in the gaps” (grace notes etc).
The following are a few general rules to get you out of trouble in most situations,
remember that quantizing is only necessary if you feel timing errors are present in your
recording:-
For most modern music, bossa, samba, eight beats, 4/4 marches etc., use
the value of 16. However, where you have played fast runs (faster than semi-
quavers) or in double-time use the value of 32.
For swing, quick-steps, foxtrots, boogie, shuffle, waltzes and 6/8 marches
use the value of 12. For fast runs, as explained above, and double-time
playing, use the value of 24.
If you want to experiment with quantizing, the best way to learn how the system
operates is to record a fairly quick succession of notes and then quantize the track
down to the lowest value of 8. You will then hear all the notes “outside” the timing value
being merged into quavers.
Page 54
Part Six
LESSON - CHAIN COMPOSE
The CHAIN COMPOSE function allows you to write up to four chains, each chain
is recorded using up to 32 PARTS. A PART can contain any combination of
the SONG PATTERNS 32 to 64. A SONG PATTERN can be:-
- a complete song
- parts of a song (ie verse, chorus, etc)
32empty GLOBAL_32 free

Chain1 Chain2 Chain3 Chain4 JukeBox
Chain 1 Chain2 Chain 3 Chain 4 JukeBox

[A] [B] [C] [D] [E]
PARTS
1-32 1-32 1-32 1-32 1-4 (chains)
SONG PATTS
(buttons)
32-64 32-64 32-64 32-64 N/A
The JUKEBOX function is used to play each chain consecutively.
In this example we shall explain how the song ESPANA has been chained
together.
NOTE:- Load LESSON3 from your “TUTORIAL DISK” into the keyboard and
save to your “TUTORIAL BACK-UP” disk (see DISK PROCEDURES Loading an
.ALL file and Saving an .ALL file).
Press [SONG PATT]

Press [BOSSA] 32
LCD reads = PATT1 GLOBAL 32 ESPANA1 (8-bar Intro)
Press [START] and listen to the Intro play

Press [BEGUINE] 33
LCD reads = PATT2 etc., (10-bar Break)
Press [START] and listen to this part play
Continue pressing the SONG PATTERN buttons from JOROPO to

ROCK where parts of the song ESPANA have been recorded.
Page 55
These parts have been chained together and to see how this chain has been
written press [CHAIN COMPOSE], press [REC], press [A] = CHAIN1, press [A],
use ALPHA DIAL to scroll through the following:-
SONG PATT
^
CHAIN 1 [A] > PART01 = 32 PATT1 Loop = 01 (8-bar Intro)
PART02 = 33 PATT2 Loop = 01 (10-bar Break)
PART03 = 34 PATT3 Loop = 01
Press [REC] to exit CHAIN COMPOSE
To hear all the parts playback together in a chain:-
Press [CHAIN COMPOSE]

Press [A] = CHAIN1
Press [START]
WRITING A CHAIN COMPOSE
In this example we shall write a chain compose on CHAIN 2 - [B], using the SONG
PATTERNS [48 SAMBA] to [52 SONG] which contain the Intro, Verse 1, Middle
8, Link and Ending of the song “IN THE MOOD”, and loop some of these parts
more than once to make a complete song.
This is how it will be written:-
SONG PATTS
^
CHAIN 2 [B] > PART01 = 48 MOOD IN Loop = 01 (Intro)
PART02 = 49 MOOD V1 Loop = 02 (Verse)
PART03 = 50 MOOD M8 Loop = 02 (Middle8)
PART04 = 51 MOOD LK Loop = 01 (Link)
PART05 = 52 MOODEND Loop = 01 (End)
This is how we do it:-
Press [CHAIN COMPOSE] - lit
Press [B] = CHAIN 2

Press [REC]
Press [B] = CHAIN 2 (flashes)

LCD reads = 32 PATT1 << CHAIN COMPOSE #2 page 01/32
Page 56
* Press [A] = PART01
Press [48 SAMBA] = 48 MOOD IN
Press [ENT] once to store this to PART01
* Press [+PAGE] to PART02 = Null

Press [49 CHACHA] = 49 MOOD V1
Press [C] Loop = 01, dial to 02 using ALPHA DIAL
* Press [+PAGE] to PART03

Press [A] = PART03
Press [50 SALSA] = 50 MOOD M8
Press [C] Loop = 01, dial to 02 using ALPHA DIAL

Press [A] = PART04
Press [51 LATIN2] = 51 MOOD LK

Press [52 SONG] = 52 MOOD END
Press [REC] to exit CHAIN COMPOSE

Press [START] to hear what you have programmed
An example of this CHAIN is stored on CHAIN 4 for you to compare yours with.
JUKEBOX
If you press [E] = Jukebox (flashes), Chains 1 - 4 will play consecutively. In

this example you will hear Chain1 = ESPANA, Chain2 = IN THE MOOD (yours),
Chain4 = IN THE MOOD (Example).
You will find at the back of this tutorial a Song Pattern / Chain Compose
Worksheet for you to write up your chain compose settings. We strongly
recommend that you complete these before you start chain composing as you can
get lost in the maze!
Looping the SONG PATTERNS does not use up any memory at all, nor does
Chain Composing. This is a good way of storing more SONGS in the keyboard’s
memory, as normally the memory is only sufficient to hold one complete
SONG.
Page 57
Part Seven
LESSON TRANSPOSING A SONG
Load the .ALL file LESSON4 from your “WORKING DISK” into the keyboard and save
this lesson to your “TUTORIAL BACK-UP DISK” (See DISK PROCEDURES Loading
an .ALL file, Saving an .ALL file)
This file contains the Song “Arthur”, on song pattern button 32 Bossa, and the opening
chord is Cm. Press [START] to hear this song play. You can play along using the full
octaves of the keyboard with voice GRANDP.
In this example Song “Arthur”, we shall transpose Tracks [B] [C] [D] up 2 semitones
(the Drum Track [A] must not be transposed). Track [E] does not contain any sequence
data, it is a “free” track for you to play along, in the key the Song is transposed to,
therefore it is not necessary to transpose this Track.
Press [SONG PATT]

Press [BOSSA] 32 = Arthur’s Theme
Press [GLOBAL] in the Edit Section
LCD reads = GLOBAL 32: section type page 1/7
Press [+PAGE] twice

LCD reads = GLOBAL 32: section transposer page 3/7
[A]= 00 [B]= 00 [C]= 00 [D]= +12 [E]= 00
Press [B], dial ALPHA DIAL to +02

Press [C], dial ALPHA DIAL to +02
Press [D], dial ALPHA DIAL to +14

Press [ENT] twice
The opening chord of the song is now Dm, to play along with the song you will NOW
have to play in the key it has been transposed to.
Alternatively, if you transpose Track [E] up 2 semitones, you can play along in the
original key, your opening chord being Cm.
LESSON CHECKING THE MEMORY AVAILABLE IN THE KEYBOARD
There are several ways of checking the available memory, this is one of them:-
Press [REC]
Press [C] = COPY
Press [ENT] once

LCD reads Mem = 64% (available memory)
Press [ESC] twice
Page 58
LESSON MIDI
MIDI INTRODUCTION
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface), is a means by which information can be

exchanged between different musical instruments, computers, data file players etc,
in a compact representation.
Beginners often assume that the ‘music information’ is an audio signal travelling down
the MIDI cable from one instrument to another. This is not the case.
An analogy of MIDI signals or information is that of an electric equivalent of the paper

scroll that controls an old electric piano or fair-ground organ. The paper scroll simply
instructs the piano when, and what note, to play.
Of course MIDI information is more advanced than the paper scroll and contains a lot
more than just note data. Other signals such as note velocity (how hard the key was
pressed), after-touch (how much pressure was applied after the initial key press),
Timing, voice or program change. Just to mention a few.
MIDI Cable MIDI Data
MIDI ? ? ? ? MIDI
In Out
Note Note Program Note Program Note

C2 E4 Change C2 Change F5
To enable you to control more than one instrument as in the above example, MIDI
channel information is attached to MIDI data such as note and program changes, as
shown below.
Note =A2 Note =F#3 Note =F#3 MIDI

? ?
Ch. =1 Ch. =2 Ch. =1 Data
The MIDI specification provides a total of 16 MIDI channels. This could be used to
control up to 16 separate instruments or a number of separate voices or sounds in a
multitimbral instrument (this is an instrument than can sound more than one voice such
as the WS).
Page 59
MASTER & SLAVE INSTRUMENTS
In the basic of instrument setups, you have a master ‘controller’ keyboard or

instrument. This is where you generate the note and other information, this is then
passed onto other ‘slave’ instrument(s) via the MIDI cable.
Even the WS keyboard can be thought of as a master keyboard and ‘built in’ sound
expander. Each can be controlled separately using the LOCAL On/Off controls on the
MIDI menu page 5/7 as shown in the below diagram.
*MIDI : section local off page 5/7

on on on on on
WS Keyboard
? ? ? MIDI
OUT
?
Local On/ Local On/ Local On/ Local On/ Local On/
Off Off Off Off Off
? ? ? ? ?
Track A Track B Track C Track D Track E

???
WS Sound WS Sound WS Sound WS Sound WS Sound MIDI
Expander Expander Expander Expander Expander IN
WS MIDI CHANNELS
The WS has five tracks, each of which can be controlled independently either directly
from the keyboard (WS keyboard owners), and/or via MIDI. Each track can be
assigned a different MIDI channel (as default track A=MIDI Channel 1, through to
E=MIDI Channel 5) or the same MIDI channel for layered sounds.
In addition, a MIDI Common channel is provided to enable you to control all five tracks
from one MIDI channel (this enabling such things as layered sounds etc). Also, the
MIDI Common channel is used to provide note information to the automatic accom-
paniment (if you do not set this up correctly, you just get the drums sounding), and the
external remote control of WS Globals using the MIDI program change 0-127
messages.
For the more advanced users, three more MIDI channels are provided in the WS which
enable you to control the Effects 1, Effects 2 and Sequencer Song selection using a
program change 0-127 on the appropriate channel.
Page 60
*MIDI : channel section sel. page 1/7
1 2 3 4 5
*MIDI : common midi ch. page 2/7

com=16 ef1=6 eff2=7 seq=10 copy=off
A Typical MIDI setup is shown in the below diagram. As you can see, when using the
WS MIDI module, the ‘right hand’ is normally set to MIDI channel 1, the ‘left hand’ is
normally set to MIDI channel 2 and the bass pedals is normally set to MIDI channel
3.
As your left hand also normally plays chords, this is also where we should set up the
common channel. However, an Accordion is a small exception in that the chord and
bass buttons can normally send out on different channels and thus, the common
channel should be set to the chord button MIDI channel.
Right Hand On
MIDI Ch. 1
Bass Buttons
On MIDI Ch. 2
Chord Buttons On MIDI
Common Channel No. 3.
MIDI LOCK
If you set the MIDI LOCK this will do two changes. Firstly, it will ‘lock’ the MIDI channels
setup in all Global memories, so that when you subsequently load a new ALL file, the
channels will remain as they were. Secondly, it will Turn on the COPY ON function.
This COPY ON function is used to simultaneously copy any subsequent changes

made to the MIDI channels, to ALL 128 Globals memories. However, these will ONLY
take place if you change a MIDI channels. To ensure that all your channels are set
up the same and on all globals, I would suggest that you change EVERY track and
common channel, even if this means changing from the default and then back to the
default. This will then copy the default to all 128 globals memories.
It may sound complicated but it is not!. Remember that once you have setup your MIDI
channels to save your setup to disk for future use. A MEMORY PUFF will restore the
factory settings of ALL parameters and that includes the MIDI channels!.
CHECKING YOUR MIDI CABLE.
Page 61
If you suspect a possible problem with your MIDI cable, it is possible to easily check
the cable using just your WS. Simply connect the cable to both the MIDI in and MIDI
out of your WS, then ensuring that you have ANY Common channel set (it is not set
to OFF), press the [Page+] button.
You should notice that where as normally the Global number will increment up one at
a time, it is now incrementing in greater steps. This is because each time you press
the [Page+] button, your WS send out a special Control message. As you have
‘looped’ the MIDI out and in, this signal is passed back into the WS whereby it does
another page plus. If you unplug the MIDI cable you should revert to single page steps.
One great thing about the WS is the ability to totally 'electronically' separate the
keyboard from the Sound expander using the local on/off function and so, alternatively
you could turn local off and then, notes played on the WS keyboard would be sent out
of the MIDI out and back into the MIDI in to the WS expander.
Part Eight
EDITORS NOTE:
We hope this Tutorial Guide has helped you to understand the many features
available on this very versatile workstation and at the same time have had some fun
with it.
The basis of this tuition was to make it as “friendly” as possible, and with this in mind
the lessons were structured to enable you to follow them successfully.
The WS allows you to create your own Songs, Styles, Voices. So now you know how
to do it, why not send your compositions for inclusion in the disk library of the
GemWorkS User Group, without which this Tutorial Guide could not have been
written.
To compliment this tutorial. GemWorkS also run a series of WS Roadshows or

Workshops, which enables you to have 'hands on' tuition together with other WS
owners. If you would like one-to-one tuition, the authors Carol & Christeen are able
to offer this in the south and can be contacted on Portsmouth (0705) 376700.
Page 62
WS VOICES IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER
Voice No. Voice No Voice No.

Accordion 48 Guitar - Pick Bass 79 Sawtooth 1 58
Banjo 1 49 Guitar - Pk Bass 30 Sawtooth 2 122
Banjo 2 113 Guitar - Slap Bass 15 Sax - Hard 82
Bells 50 Harmonica 54 Sax - Soprano 18
Brass ff 38 Harmonica Accordion 107 Sax - Tenor 17
Brass pp 16 Harmonica Piano 100 Sinus - Bass 77
Brass Slow 43 Harmonica Sinus 108 Sinus - Bells 114
Brass Attack 102 Harp 39 Sinus - Brass 80
Cello 64 Harpsichord 7 Sinus - Clarinet 116
Choir 28 Honky Tonk 65 Sinus - Guitar 72
Clarinet 52 Horn - Detuned 85 Sinus - Harp 103
Clavinet 6 Horn - Flugel 21 Sinus - Horn 125
Clavinet Brass 104 Horn - Soft 119 Sinus - Muted 95
Clavinet Funk 42 Horns 55 Sinus - Pulse 126
Clavinet Organ 105 Marimba 5 Sinus - Sax 81
Clavinet Pulse 106 Muted 56 Sinus - Vibes 68
Clavinet Wow 70 Muted - Organ 109 Sinus - Vox 78
Cluster 115 Oboe 23 Sinus 1 59
Double Bass 76 Organ 1 24 Sinus 2 123
Drumkit 127 Organ 2 25 Space 1 120
Drums 31 Organ 3 26 Space 2 69
Flute 1 22 Organ 4 53 Space 3 74
Flute 2 86 Organ 5 63 Space 4 118
Funk ff 40 Organ 6 46 Space 5 101
FM Piano ff 36 Organ 7 117 Space 6 97
FM Piano mf 35 Organ 8 88 Strange 98
FM Piano pp 3 Organ 9 89 Strings ff 41
FM Pick 99 Organ 10 90 Strings pp 29
FM Synth 67 Piano ff 1 Strings - Attack 93
Grand Piano ff 33 Piano - Reverb 96 Synth Piano 112
Grand Piano mf 32 Pick rhd 66 Synth 1 51
Grand Piano pp 0 Pk Voice 92 Synth 2 45
Guitar & Piano 75 Plectra 1 27 Synth 3 62
Guitar - Acoustic 8 Plectra 2 91 Trombone 19
Guitar - Acoustic Bass 12 Pluck 94 Trombone Orch 83
Guitar - Electric Bass 13 Pulse 57 Trumpet 1 20
Guitar - Flanged 14 Pulse - Organ 110 Trumpet 2 84
Guitar - Funk 1 11 Pulse Soft 121 Tubes 47
Guitar - Funk 2 37 Rhodx ff 34 Vibes 4
Guitar - Hawaiian 61 Rhodx pp 2 Vibes - Fun 87
Guitar - Jazz 9 Robot 71 Violin 1 60
Guitar - Jazzy 73 Sawtooth - Pulse 111 Violin 2 124
Guitar - Lead 10 Sawtooth - Slow 44
Page 63
WS PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS
Key Not No. Instrument Key Not No. Instrument
C2 36 1 Bass Drum - GATE KIT 1 C5 72 37 Bongo 2 - High - PERC.
C#2 37 2 Snare Noise C#5 73 38 Bongo 1 - Low
D2 38 3 SD Gate D5 74 39 Conga 2/3 - High
D#2 39 4 SD Fusion D#5 75 40 Conga 1 -Medium
E2 40 5 Tom Room 1 - High E5 76 41 Conga 4 - Low
F2 41 6 Tom Room 2 - Medium F5 77 42 Guiro
F#2 42 7 Cabasa F#5 78 43 Quica 1 - Low
G2 43 8 Tom Room 3 - Low G5 79 44 Timbale 1 - High
Tambourine 1 - Soft
G#2 44 9 G#5 80 45 Timbale 2 - Low
Short
A2 45 10 Tom Room 4 - Big A5 81 46 Agogo 1 - Low
A#2 46 11 Cowbell A#5 82 47 Triangle
B2 47 12 Rimshot B5 83 48 Whistle Loop
C3 48 13 Bass Drum - JAZZ KIT 2 C6 84 49 Vox Bass Drum - VOICE
C#3 49 14 Brush 2 / Brush 3 C#6 85 50 Shot
D3 50 15 Snare Drum Jazz 1 D6 86 51 Vox HOH
D#3 51 16 Brush 1 D#6 87 52 Vox SPOO
E3 52 17 Tom 1 - High E6 88 53 Vox BOOM
F3 53 18 Tom 2 - Medium F6 89 54 Vox Tom - High
F#3 54 19 Hi Hat 1 Closed F#6 90 55 Vox Hi Hat 1
G3 55 20 Tom 3 - Low G6 91 56 Vox Tom - Low
G#3 56 21 Hi Hat Foot G#6 92 57 Vox Hi Hat 2
A3 57 22 Wood Block A6 93 58 Vox Tip
A#3 58 23 Hi Hat Open A#6 94 59 Vox Tap
B3 59 24 Claps B6 95 60 Vox Tip Tap
C4 60 25 Bass Drum - DRUM KIT 3 C7 96 61 Vox HAA Voice - FOLDED
C#4 61 26 Ride C#7 97 62 Tambourine 2 - Acc Long
D4 62 27 Snare Drum D7 98 63 Brush 3
D#4 63 28 Ride Cup D#7 99 64 Snare Drum Jazz 2
E4 64 29 Electric Tom 1 E7 100 65 Hi Hat 2 - Closed
F4 65 30 Electric Tom 2 F7 101 66 Claves
F#4 66 31 Splash F#7 102 67 Conga 3 - Slap
G4 67 32 Electric Tom 3 G7 103 68 Quica 2 - High
G#4 68 33 Crash Cymbal 1 G#7 104 69 Agogo 2 - High
A4 69 34 Vibra Slap A7 105 70 Metronome 1 - Freq. 1
A#4 70 35 Crash Cymbal 2 A#7 106 71 Metronome 2 - Freq. 1
B4 71 36 Bells B7 107 72 Metronome 1 - Freq. 2
Default WS Drumkit 1.10 C8 108 73 Metronome 2 - Freq. 2
Page 64
VOICE EDIT WORKSHEET
Page 65
GLOBAL EDIT WORKSHEET
Page 66
PROGRAM STYLE EDIT WORKSHEET
Page 67
SONG PATTERN & CHAIN COMPOSE EDIT WORKSHEET
Page 68

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GEM WS Tutorial

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Gem Workstation

Illustrations & Edited By

Published By GemWorkS Europe

46 Hampton Close, Herne Bay, KENT CT6 8BZ. ENGLAND

Telephone: +44 (0)227 742790

No part of this publication may be copied, transmitted, translated or stored in a

PART ONE: CONTROL LOCATIONS

Manual Controls:- Start/Stop 16

Edit Keypad:- Esc, Ent 17

Global:- Section Type 18

Additional Features:- Demos / Memory Puff 27

PART TWO: LESSON 1

Loading an .ALL file 28

PART THREE: LESSON 2

COPYING AND EDITING STYLES, GLOBALS AND VOICES 31

Copying an internal style with its global to a programme style 31

Editing your copied style:- 32

Changing effects of your copied style 32

Muting autoplay track:- 34

Muting a track of a Song Pattern 34

Editing and Programming Voices:- 36

Saving your edits to disk 43

PART FOUR: LESSON 3

USING THE SEQUENCER 44

Single track recording:- 44

Recording a song pattern using internal styles 46

Recording a song pattern using programme styles 47

PART FIVE: LESSON 4

WRITING A PROGRAMME STYLE 48

Copying parts from the internal styles:- 48

Naming your programme style 50

Copying parts of a programme style:- 51

Track by track recording:- 53

PART SIX: LESSON 5

Writing a chain compose 56

LESSON - TRANSPOSING A SONG 58

LESSON - CHECKING THE MEMORY OF THE KEYBOARD 58

VOICES IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER 63

PERCUSSION INSTRUMENT LOCATION 64

VOICE EDIT WORKSHEET 65

GLOBAL EDIT WORKSHEET 66

PROGRAM STYLES EDIT WORKSHEET 67

SONG PATTERN/CHAIN COMPOSE EDIT WORKSHEET 68

FILES ON THE TUTORIAL DISK

.ALL files:- LESSON1

Where you see [....] this denotes a button to be pressed.

Here is an example of [Internal Style] [Bossa]

Style No./Name Global No./Name

96Bossa GLOBAL_96 Bossa

VOICES - 32 voices can be immediately accessed by pressing buttons from [GRAND

The global numbers are sub-divided into 4 groups of 32 as follows:-

[00 - 31] are accessed by pressing the numerical buttons

32empty GLOBAL_32 free

INT PROG SONG CHAIN

(a) the automatic accompaniment on tracks A,B,C,D,or E, on Internal and

(b) song tracks A,B,C,D, or E

Turning OFF a track allows you to play along if you wish.

MANUAL CONTROLS FULL COMM.

MIXER EFF 1 EFF 2

STATUS SPLITS MIDI

[ESC] (Escape) button

[ENT] (Enter) button

PAGE 1 - Section Type