Engine 101 14

20
23
12
13
22

10
11

9
4
21
8
16
19 1
17
3
5
18

15
7

Choose a
End = Esc
2 6 Number
PISTON
CYLINDER
Combustion Chamber
LUBRICATION
 Crank Shaft

PISTON

Oil Pan
The Crank shaft rotates in the oil pan and splashes
Oil on to the pistons.
Both sides are lubricated in order to
Reduce friction.
Basic Operaion
A motor has several cavitvities called cylinders. The piston moves up and down in the cylinder
Thus converting vertical movement into rotary movement. This rotary movement is transfered to
The wheels through a gear box to the wheels
The fuel is mixed with air in the carburetor. The air/ fuel mixture is
Then put in the cylinders. This is called the Intake Stroke
Now the explosive mixture is in the cylinder, it must be crompressed prior to combustion. The pist
thie mixture.
This is called the: Compression Stroke
At an exact time, the spark plug ignites the mixture.
This is called the: Ignition. Stroke
The piston is forced down violently during the ignition stroke then rises again to expell the
Burned gasses. This is the: Exhaust Stroke
Four Valves
Direct injection: JTD, TDI, HDI
Crank shaft
and piston
TURBOCHARGER

MOTOR
TWIN TURBO: There are two turbine wheels on one
axis. One is driven by the exhaust fumes, the other
sucks the mixture and pumps it into the cylinder.
This increases the amount of air that injected into
combustion chamber.
Before the INVENTION of the Turbo more cylinders were
needed to boost performance.
Principle of the direct injection: the mixture is injected directly into the cylinder.
The direct injection is possible by the use of a high pressure pump.
This is an example of an IN-LINE 4 CYLINDER Engine
The Cooling System