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u
 


Muhammad Ali
2007-va-378

Bs(Hons) Dairy Technology

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G |

 uas a rural
development programme started by
India's National Dairy Development Board
(NDDB) in ë
70.
G One of the largest of its kind, the
programme objective uas to create a
nationuide milk grid

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G It resulted in making India the largest
producer of milk and milk products, and
hence is also called the White Revolution
of India.
G It also helped reduce malpractices by milk
traders and merchants.
G This revolution folloued the Indian green
revolution and helped in alleviating
poverty and famine levels

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G ‰ujarat-based Amul (Anand Milk Union
Limited) uas the engine behind the
success of Operation Flood and in turn
became a mega company based on the
cooperative approach.
G Verghese Kurien (chairman of NDDB at
that time), then 33, gave the professional
management skills and necessary thrust
to the cooperative, and is considered the
architect of India's 'White Revolution'
(Operation Flood).
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G His uork has been recognised by the
auard of a Padma Bhushan,
G the Ramon Magsaysay Auard for
Community Leadership,
G the Carnegie-Wateler World Peace Prize,
G the World Food Prize

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 £ 
G Operation Flood has helped dairy farmers,
direct their oun development, placing
control of the resources they create in
their oun hands.
G A 'National Milk ‰rid', links milk producers
throughout India uith consumers in over
700 touns and cities, reducing seasonal
and regional price variations uhile
ensuring that the producer gets a major
share of the price consumers pay.
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 £ 
G The bedrock of Operation Flood has been
village milk producers' cooperatives, uhich
procure milk and provide inputs and
services, making modern management
and technology available to members.

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G . Operation Flood's objectives included

ë. Increase milk production

("a flood of milk")
2. Augment rural incomes
3. Fair prices for consumers

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£



G Operation Flood uas implemented in
three phases.

ë. Operation Flood Phase I

2. Operation Flood Phase II
3. Operation Flood Phase III

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£
G Phase I (ë
70±ë
80) uas financed by the
sale of skimmed milk pouder and butter
oil donated by the European Union
(then the European Economic Community)
through the World Food Programme.
G NDDB planned the programme and
negotiated the details of EEC assistance.

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£
G During its first phase, Operation Flood
linked ë8 of India's premier milksheds
uith consumers in India's major
metropolitan cities: Delhi, Mumbai,
Kolkata and Chennai.
G Thus establishing mother dairies in four
metros.

ë ëë 20ëë Muhammad Ali ëë

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£
G Operation flood, also referred to as ³White
Revolution´ is a gigantic project
propounded by ‰overnment of India for
developing dairy industry in the country.
G The Operation Flood ± ë originally meant
to be completed in ë
75, actually the
period of about nine years from ë
70-7
,
at a total cost of Rs.ëë6 corers.

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£
G As start of operation Flood-ë in ë
70
certain set of aims uere kept in vieu for
the implementation of the programmers.
G Improvement by milk marketing the
organized dairy sector in the metropolitan
cities Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, Delhi.
G The objectives of commanding share of
milk market and speed up development of
dairy animals respectively hinter lands of
rural areas uith a vieu to increase both
production and procurement.
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££
G Operation Flood Phase II (ë
8ë±ë
85)
increased the milksheds from ë8 to ë36;
2
0 urban markets expanded the outlets
for milk.
G By the end of ë
85, a self-sustaining
system of 43,000 village cooperatives uith
42.5 lakh milk producers uere covered.

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££
G Domestic milk pouder production
increased from 22,000 tons in the pre-
project year to ë,40,000 tons by ë
8
, all
of the increase coming from dairies set up
under Operation Flood.
G In this uay EEC gifts and World Bank loan
helped promote self-reliance. Direct
marketing of milk by producers'
cooperatives increased by several million
litres a day.
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£££

G Phase III (ë
85±ë

6) enabled dairy

cooperatives to expand and strengthen the
infrastructure required to procure and
market increasing volumes of milk.
G Veterinary first-aid health care services, feed
and artificial insemination services for
cooperative members uere extended, along
uith intensified member education.

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£££
G Operation Flood's Phase III consolidated
India's dairy cooperative movement,
adding 30,000 neu dairy cooperatives to
the 42,000 existing societies organized
during Phase II.
G Milksheds peaked to ë73 in ë
88-8
uith
the numbers of uomen members and
Women's Dairy Cooperative Societies
increasing significantly.

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£££
G Phase III gave increased emphasis to
research and development in animal
health and animal nutrition.
G Innovations like vaccine for Theileriosis,
bypassing protein feed and urea-molasses
mineral blocks, all contributed to the
enhanced productivity of milch animals.

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G |

  
led to NDDB
evolving similar programmes for other
commodities. Where potential synergies exist,
NDDB has created commercial firms to exploit
these for the benefit of rural producers. Some of
NDDB's commercial operations include: Indian
Immunologicals Limited (IIL), Hyderabad, IDMC
Limited (IDMC), Anand, Mother Dairy Fruit &
Vegetable Private Limited (MD F&V), Delhi and
Dhara Vegetable Oil and Foods Company Limited
(DOFCO), Vadodara.

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G In its larger interest to promote the
development of cooperatives NDDB has
set up separate units and uorks in close
association uith a number of national level
institutions. Some of these include:
Sabarmati Ashram ‰aushala (SA‰), Bidaj,
Animal Breeding Centre (ABC), Salon,
Institute of Rural Management, Anand
(IRMA), National Cooperative Dairy
Federation of India (NCDFI), Anand and
Foundation for Ecological Security (FES),
Anand.
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6
G From the outset, Operation Flood uas
conceived and implemented as much more
than a dairy programme. Rather, dairying
uas seen as an instrument of
development, generating employment and
regular incomes for millions of rural
people.
G A World Bank Report ë

7 says:
G |
















 

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G Ramdas, Sagari R. and Nitya S ‰hotge.
2006. India's Livestock Economy. "The
Forsaken Drylands", Seminar Issue # 564,
August 2006.
G u



 
 

G Magazine: India Today- special issue:
April 2ë, 2008. page no.
6.
G http: uuu.nddb.org aboutnddb operatio
nflood.html

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