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;ko/ XowK dk ;BwkB L

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F/o/ gzikp dk nzs L

wjkokik oDihs f;zx B/ nkgD/ bzw/ ;w/I d/ oki ekb d"okB ehs/ b'e GbkJh d/ ezwK eoe/ b'eK dk fgnko s/ Go';k fiZs
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F?bh eoe/ jh ;zGt j' ;eh ;h. ;ko/ torK d/ b'e Gkt[e s"o #s/ T[; ~ nkgD/ fdb ftu t;k u[Ze/ ;B.
fJe fdB bkj" o s' I ypo nkJh fe wjkokik oDihs f;z x phwko g? frnk j? . fJj ypo iz r b dh nZ r
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B/ pVk }' o brkfJnk fe wjkokik T[ ^ m e/ s[ o B fcoB i' r k j' ikt/ . go fe;/ dh e' J h g/ F Bk ik ;eh. j[ D
phwkoh B/ fJe j' o jwbk eo fdZ s k, fi; Bkb oki dopko nz d o fuzsk d/ pZdb Sk rJ/. nk]oeko, gzikp dk fJj
F/o 29 wkou 1839 Jh;th ~ fJ; BkFtzs ;z;ko s'I jw/FK-jw/FK bJh e{u eo frnk. oki d/ b'e eJh-eJh fdB F'e ftu
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bJh pVhnK nktk}K wkohnK go T[j T[; d/F dk tk;h pD u[Zfenk ;h, fiZE/ ik e/ ed/ e'Jh tkg; BjhI w[fVnk. fJ; soQk
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p dk dhtkBkk ceho L
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@fJe ;oeko pkM'I# T[; e'b'I T[Zuh BjhI ;h rk j[zdk. @fJe ;oeko pkM'I# dh wXw nktki d/ Bkb jh T[j iko' - iko o'D bZr
g?Idk ;h.

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;kfjp ftu th wZEk N/eD iKdk j[zdk ;h. T[E'I jh T[j bzro ftu'I gqFkdk iK ukj Se e/ nkgD/ fNekD/ B{z ubk iKdk. T[j ed/
fe;/ Bkb e'Jh rZb BjhI ;h eodk j[zdk. go jo f;Zy B{z T[j pV/ rj[ Bkb B}o Go e/ io{o d/ydk j[zdk ;h.
fJe fdB ;t/o/ ;t/o/ ;tZys/ id'I T[j r[od[nkok v/jok ;kfjp bkj"o s'I pkjo fBefbnk jh ;h sK bkj"o d/ fJe ftdtkB
r[of;Zy B{z ;kjwD/ s'I fwb fgnk . fiU jh B}o Bkb B}o fwbh, ceho T[; r[of;Zy dh GktBk B{z ;wM frnk fe T[j e'Jh
rZb eoBh ukj[zdk j?.

d'B'I xkj d/ w?dkB ftu rZbK eoB bJh fJe gk;/ p?m rJ/. ceho B/ dZf;nk fe F/o/-gzikp dk oki fezBk wjkB ;h, fezBh
JhwkBdkoh s/ ;kdrh ;h. T[; d/ fJB;kcad/ fezB/ uou/ jB. T[j fezBk pjkdo :'Xk ;h. T[; d/ oki ftu goik ;[yh ;h. eh
fjzd{, w[;bwkB ;G T[; B{z fdb'I fgnko eod/ ;B. T[j nkgDh goik d/ d[y ;[y dk fezBK fynkb oZydk ;h.
ceho B/ dZf;nk fe wjkoki/ B{z :kd eo eoe/ T[; B{z oks Go BhId BjhI nkT[Idh. fJ; bJh T[j bkj"o dhnK rbhnK
p}koK ns/ Fkjh febQ/ d/ nk; gk; rkT[Idk ofjzdk j?

Fkj w[jzwdkHHHHHHHHH fJe ;oekoHHHHHHHHH pkM'I!

fJj efj e/ T[j ceho fco T[^uh T[^uh o'D bZr fgnk. r[of;Zy B/ T[; B{z fdbk;k d/Id/ j'J/ fejk fe fJj ;z;ko BkFtkB j?. fJE'I
nwho, rohp, oki/, wjkoki/ ;G B/ nkgDh nkgDh tkoh #s/ fJe BK fJe fdB ub/ jh ikDk j?.

T[j ceho fJe bzwk jkT[ek b? e/ T[^fmnk ns/ nkgD/ nD dZ;/ fNekD/ B{z otkBk j' frnk. fco ed/ fe;/ B/ T[; dh T[j
nktki BjhI ;[Dh. FkfJd T[j wjkoki/ d/ fti'r ftZu HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH j't/.

L r[D Gog{o ;kyhnK L

Btkp jFws ykB L

wjkokik oDihs f;zx ni/ w;K pkoK e{ ;kbK d/ jh ;B, id'I nkg ih fJe fdB okwBro d/ B/VQ/ ;zxD/ izrb ftu GkT[Id/
fFeko eofdnK nkgD/ ;kEhnK Bkb'I ftSV e/ fJeZb/ ofj rJ/. ;qL wjK f;zx, wjkokik oDihs f;zx d/ fgsk ih ;B. T[jBK B/
okw Bro #s/ jwbK eoe/ fJj ;kok fJbkek nkgDh fw;b ftu Fkwb eo fbnk j'fJnk ;h. ;pZp Bkb jh Btkp jFws ykB
ngD/ B"eoK ;w/s fFeko y/vdk j'fJnk fJXo nkD fBefbnk, fiXo wjkokik fFeko y/v fojk ;h.

F/o/-gzikp B{z fJeZfbnk t/y e/ jFws ykB B/ nkgDk pdbk b?D bJh pVh c[osh Bkb wjkoki/ tZb nkgDh pzd{e ubk
fdZsh. r'bh x'V/ dhnK tkrK ftu nk e/ tZih. d{ih r'bh uZbD s'I gfjbK jh F/o/ gzikp B/ nZyk d/ c'o ftu nkgDh sbtko d/
fJe' tko Bkb jFws ykB dk f;o XV Bkb'I i[dk eo fdZsk.

jFws ykB d/ ;kEh nkgD/ nkr{ B{z wfonk sZe e/ w?dkB ftu'I BZ; rJ/. wjkoki ;kfjp B/ jFws ykB d/ f;o B{z nkgDh
sbtko dh B'e #s/ Nzr fbnk ns/ e[M d/o fgZS'I jh Gkb eo oj/ ;kEhnK B{z ik fwb/. F/o/-gzikp dh fJ; db/oh s/ fjzws dh
;kfonK B/ oZi e/ gq;z;k ehsh. ;Zuw[Zu, wjkokik oDihs pVk pjkdo ;h.
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eJh Bkwh vke{ oZy e/ nkgDk tZvk ro"j pDkfJnk j'fJnk ;h.

vke{ ;z[do f;zx rohpK dh pVh wZdd efonk eodk ;h. fJ; bJh fgzvK d/ b'e fJ; dk p[ok BjhI ukj[zd/ ;B. fJjh tZvk
ekoB ;h fe fJj ;oekoh f;gkjhnK d/ ed/ jZE BjhI ;h nkT[Idk. wjkokik oDihs f;zx B/ fJ; B{z fiT{Id/ ihn cVB tkb/ B{z iK
cVkT[D tkb/ B{z gzi fgvK dh }whB fJBkw ftu d/D dk n?bkB eoe/ fJe fJFfsjko eZYtkfJnk.

fJ; fJFfsjko d/ w[ e kpb/ #s/ vke{ ;[ z d o f;z x B/ th fJe fJFfsjko eZfYnk fe fijVk w?B{z fiT{Id/ B{z cV
bt/rk iK ;oeko B{z geVtk d/t/rk, w?I T[; B{z bkj"o dh pkdFkjh d/tKrk.

vke{ d/ fJFfsjko B{z gVQ e/ wjkoki/ d/ y{B B/ T[pkbk ykXk ns/ nkgD/ eZ[M u'Dt/I s/i soko ;tkoK B{z Bkb b? e/ izrb
tZb ik fBefbnk. fJ; gk;/ jh vke{nK d/ S[g/ j'D dk FZe ;h. wjkokik ni/ E'Vh d{o jh rJ/ fe izrb ftu fJe gk;/ s'I vke{
;[zdo f;zx B/ bbekok wko e/ g[ZfSnk, pJh e"D j' ns/ feZXo ik oj/ j'<

F/o/-gzikp B/ pV/ o'jp Bkb i[nkp fdZsk fe n;hI T[jh jK, fiBQK B{z izrb ftu th vke{nK e'b'I vo BjhI bZrdk. fJj
efj e/ T[j vke{ nkgD/ ;kEhnK ~ Bkb b? e/ Nkeo/ bJh nkD fBZsfonk . fJj d/y e/ F/o/-gzikp B/ roi e/ fejk, T[J/ feT[I
fJjBK rohpK B{z wotkT[Idk J/I< iok ;kjwD/ nk, n;hI nkg; ftu jh bV e/ fiZs jko dk c?;bk eo bJhJ/. vke{ B/ fJj rZb
wB bJh . j[D d't/I rZGo{ uzB dh ukBDh ftu nkgDhnK sbtkoK ;{s e/ x'fVnk s'I j/mK T[^so nkJ/. sbtko #s/ sbtko yVeB
bZr gJh . d'jK B/ sbtko pk}h d/ uzr/ i"jo fdykJ/ . d"jK d/ ;kEh nkgD/ nkgD/ gk;/ d{o fsnko po fsnko j' e/ fXnkB Bkb
d' ;{ophoK dk x'b t/y oj/ ;B.

nkyho, F/o/-gzikp B/ fJe nfijk tko ehsk fe vke{ dh sbtko d/ ep}/ ftu nkgDh sbtko dh B"e gk e/ fJe' wo'V/
Bkb T[; d/ jZE'I sbtko EZb/ ;[Ntk fdZsh. fpibh dh s/}h Bkb T[; d/ bZe B{z iZck wko e/ G[nK e/ EZb/ ;[ZN fbnk. vke{ B/ nkgDh
jko wzB bJh.

F/o/-gzikp B/ fejk, @s{z fJFfsjko brkfJnk ;h fe fijVk th s?B{z ihT[Id/ ihn cV/rk s{z T[; B{z bkj"o dk oki - Gkr
d/t/Irk. fJ; bJh s{z j[D w/o/ Bkb bkj"o uZb ns/ T[E'I dk oki w?B{z d/j.#

vke{ FowFko j'fJnk f;o b[ekJh u[Zgukg yVk ;h. T[;B/ ;[gB/ ftu th BjhI ;h ;'funk fe T[; B{z e'Jh fiT{Id/ B{z cV
bt/rk. T[; B/ pV/ ftFtkF Bkb fejk fe itkBk uZb, w?I bkj"o #s/ jZbk p'bdk jK. ;[fDnK J/, F/o/-gzikp @ekD/# B/ bkj"o dk
gqpzX sK pj[s ;ys ehsk j'fJnk j? go fco th n;hI T[; B{z fiZsD dh e'fFF eod/ jK. i/eo w?I fiZs Bk ;fenk, wo sK
iktKrk jh, xZN s'I xZN w?I s/ok skjBK ;[DB i'rk sK BjhI ojKrk. fJ; soQK ;ko/ bkj"o tZb s[o gJ/.

F/o/-gzikp B/ nkgD/ ;kEhnK B{z gfjbK jh ;wMk fdAsk ;h fe T[j vke{nK B{z fpbe[b FZe Bk j'D d/D fe fJj jh F/o/-
gzikp jB. id'I fJj ;ko/ GkNh dotki/ e'b gj[zu/ sK F/o/ gzikp B/ fejk fe fwZsoK s{z fceo Bk eo, w?I gfjb/ jh bkj"o #s/
epi/ dk ;kok gqpzX ehsk j'fJnk j? . GkNh dotki/ d/ gfjo/dkoK B/ fJFkok fwbfdnk jh dotkik y'jb fdZsk. F/o/-gzikp ns/
vke{ nkgD/ ;kEhnK ;w/s bkj"o ftu dkyb j' rJ/ . fJj ;G d/y e/ vke{ s/ ;kEh pj[s j?okB ;B.

Fkjh febQ/ d/ tZv/ dotki/ e'b g[Zi e/ th wjkoki/ B/ gfjo/dkoK B{z fJFkok ehsk sK T[j dotkik th y'jb fdZsk frnk.
;ko/ vke{ ns/ f;gkjh otK othI febQ/ d/ nzdo tV rJ/.

febQ/ d/ nzdo id ;odkoK ns/ f;gkjhnK dh rkod B/ F/o/-gzikp B{z ;bkwh fdZsh sK vke{ ;[zdo f;zx s/ ;kEhnK B{z gsk
bZrk fe fJj rGo{ itkB e'Jh j'o BjhI ;r'I wjkokik oDihs f;zx nkg jh j?.

fJj ikD e/ vke{ fwZNh dk p[Zs pD e/ yb' frnk. wjkoki/ B/ vke{ B{z w'Y/ s'I cV e/ fjbkfJnk ns/ fejk xpoK BjhI,
s/ok puB g{ok j' frnk J/. d/y ! w?I bkj"o dh pkdFkjh b? bJh j?.

vke{ B/ pV/ nkdo Bkb M[e e/ wjKoki/ B{z ;BwkB fdZsk. T[; B/ gqD ehsk fe pkeh T[wo j[D T[j F/o/ gzikp dh skfpnK
ftu jh r[}ko/rk. ;', pknd ftZu fJ; B/ eJh w[fjzwK ftu wjkoki/ dk tZvk ;kE fdZsk. eJh tZv/ ekoBkw/ eoe/ F/o/ gzikp
wjkokik oDihs f;zx gk;'I fJj ;BwkB jk;b eodk fojk .

fJ; xNBk Bkb F/o/-gzikp dh pjkdoh dh uko/ gk;/ XKe p?m rJh ns/ nB/eK tZv/ tZv/ ;{opho i'X/ fJ; dh c"i ftu
Gosh j' e/ y[Fh wfj;{; eoB bZr/. ;', fJ; soQK dh db/oh ns/ f;nkDc dk wkbe ;h F/o/-gzikp wjkokik oDihs f;zx.

dZyDh x'Vk L
fJe tko nNe dfonk d/ d[;o/ gk;/ t?ohnK B/ f;Zy c"iK B{z x/o fbnk. w[jzwd iwkB ykB d/ j[ew Bkb dfonk dk g[b
th s'fVnk ik u[Zek ;h sKfe f;Zy c"iK B{z fe;/ th gkf;T[I e'Jh wZdd Bk fwb ;e/ . fJXo dfonk dk gkDh th nkgD/ g{o/ i'pB
#s/ ;h .

nNe ftu g? o gkT[ D K nkgDh w" s ;j/ V B d/ pokpo ;h. go F/ o / gz i kp fJj ;G d/ y e/ u[ Z g eoe/ th
BjhI ;h p? m ;edk. feT[ I fe t? o hnK d/ x/ o / ftu eJh tZv/ ioB?b ns/ f;Zy Gok c; u[Ze/ ;B.

wjkoki/ B/ nkgD/ w[yh eowukohnK B{z j[ew ehsk fe c"iK B{z dfonk s'I gko gj[zukD dk gqpzX ehsk ikt/. ;kfonK B/ fJe'
jh i[nkp fdZsk fe wjkokik ;kfjp ! fJj nNe dfonk j?. fJE/ ;G B{z nNeDK jh g?Idk j?.

F/o/-gzikp d/ nzdo f;Zyh ;fgoN B/ T[pkbk ykXk ns/ F/o dh soQK roi e/ efjD bZr/ fe nNe oDihs f;zx B{z BjhI
nNek ;edk. fi; d/ fdb ftu nNe j?, nNe dfonk T[;/ bJh jh o'e j?. fi; d/ fJokd/ ftu nNe BjhI, nNe dfonk th
T[; d/ okj ftu e'Jh nNe BjhI gk ;edk.

fJj rZb efjzd/ j'J/ wjkoki/ B/ nkgD/ dZyDh x'V/ B{z nZvh bk e/ dfonk ftu m/b fdZsk. eZ[M gbK fgS'I jh T[j nkg
dfonk d/ d{;o/ gko g[Zi frnk.

F/o/-gzikp B{z dfonk ftu tVfdnK d/y e/ j'o ;{ophoK B/ th ni/jk jh ehsk. S/sh jh ;koh ;?Bk dfonk d/ gko g[Zi
rJh. d[FwD d/ x/o/ ftu nkJ/ nkgD/ GoktK dh ;jkfJsk ehsh. x/ok gkT[D tkb/ d[FwD frb}/ jko yk e/ GZi rJ/.
 fJ; fJbke/ ftu fJ; xNBk B{z nZi th fJe tZvh eokwks ;wfMnk iKdk j?. b'e efjzd/ jB fe nNe dfonk B/ wjkoki/
B{z okj d/ fdZsk ;h.

eosZt L

F/o/-gzikp x'V ;tkoh s/ sbtkopkih d/ pV/ XBh ;B. id'I nzrq/}°rtoBo iBob ftbhnw p?fNzr Bkb nkg ih dh o'gV
fty/ fJfsjk;e w[bkeks j'Jh sK d'jK gkf;nK d/ ;{ophoK B/ nkgD/ nkgD/ eosZp fdykJ/.

nzro/i ;{ophoK B{z d/y e/ wjkoki/ d/ y{B ftu th i'F nk frnk. T[j jkEh s'I j/mK T[^so nkJ/ ns/ nkgD/ fgnko/ x'V/
@b/bh# T[s/ ;tko j' rJ/.

fJe rVtk w?dkB ftu oytkfJnk frnk. wjkokik ;kfjp nkgDk x'Vk - T[vKd/ j'J/ nkJ/ ns/ pVh s/ih Bkb rVt/ T[^s/
nkgDh sbtko dh B'e Bkb nfij/ fszB tko ehs/ fe T[j rVtk fJe ;[zdo c[Zb fdykJh d/D bZr fgnk.

rtoBo iBob ns/ j'o ;G nzro/i nc;o wjkokik ;kfjp d/ fJ; eosp B{z t/y e/ dzr ofj rJ/. T[BQK B{z :ehB j'
frnk fe ;Zuw[Zu jh F/o/-gzikp pVk pjkdo s/ nDyhbk pkdFkj j?.

wkbh, eohw pyF L

fibQ k f;nkb e' N d/ fJe fgz v d/ p[ Z Y / wkbh dk BK eohw pyF ;h. fJ; B/ r[bkp d/ c[ZbK dk nkgDK fJe pkr
brkfJnk j'fJnk ;h.

fJe tko F/o/-gzikp ns/ e[M nfjbeko fJXo dh bzx oj/ ;B. F/o/-gzikp B{z r[bkp d/ d' c[Zb pj[s g;zd nkJ/. wjkoki/
B/ T[j s'V e/ nkgDh d;sko ftu Nzr bJ/.

id e[M jh d{o rJ/ sk F/o/-gzikp B/ t/fynk fe jo fJe nfjbeko dh gZr ftu d' d' c[Zb Nzr/ j'J/ jB. F/o/-gzikp fJj
t/y e/ pV/ gS[skJ/ fe i/ T[j nkg c[Zb Bk s'Vdk sK e'Jh j'o th ni/jk eoB dh fjzws Bk eodk. wkbh d/ c[ZbK dk ;kok pkr
T[ikV fdZsk frnk, fJj pj[s rbs ezw j'fJnk j?.

J/Bh d/o B{z pkr dk wkbh th ;kjwfDT[I nk frnk. wjkokik ;kfjp B/ g[ZfSnk, @pkpk ! s{z jh fJ; pkr dk wkbe J/<#
T[iV/ j'J/ pkr B{z d/y e/ d[yh j'fJnk rohp wkbh efjD bZrk, jK wjKokik ;kfjp! w?I jh fJ; pkr dk eowK ;Vk wkbe jK.
w/ok BK sK eohw pyF j? go jK w?I eowK ;fVnk.
rohp wkbh dhnK rZbK ;[D e/ F/o/-gzikp pVk d[yh j'fJnk. T[E/ jh dopko brkT[D dk j[ew ehsk frnk. eow pyF B{z
fJe T[^uh EK #s/ fpmk e/ gzi gzi ;" w'joK dhnk d' E?bhnK T[; d/ nZr/ oZyfdnK F/o/-gzikp B/ fejk, @b? pkpk ! s/o/ d' c[ZbK dh
fJj ehws J/ !# fgZS'I j'o ;ko/ nfjbekoK B{z th w[Zb skoB bJh fJFkok ehsk.

e[M fwzNK ftu jh jo ;odko B/ e[M Bk e[M T[; wkbh nZr/ ik oZfynk. ;ko/ g?;/ fJe eZgV/ ftu pzB e/ F/o/-gzikp B/
T[; B{z d/ fdZs/ ns/ fJe f;gkjh B{z j[ew ehsk fe fJj gzv fJ; d/ xo sZe gj[zuk d/t/. id eohw pyF s[fonk s/ pV/ fgnko
Bkb F/o/-gzikp B/ T[; pkp/ B{z fejk, ## ikj ! s{z eowK ;fVnk BjhI, ;Zuw[Zu eohw pyF jh j? .#
 p/oh L

wkM/ d/ fJe fgzv ftu fJe tko dopko bZrk j'fJnk ;h. w[eZdw/I nkfde ;[D/ ik oj/ ;B. nukBe fJe o'Vk tiho d/
nkD tZfink.

tiho B{z o'Vk tZiD eoe/ ;ko/ b'e j?okB j' rJ/ . fJ;/ ;w/I fJe j'o o'Vk F/o/-gzikp dh gZr T[Zs/ nk e/ tZfink. gZr #s/
bZrh j'Jh ebrh EZb/ fvZr gJh. ;ko/ nfjbeko, ;odko s/ f;gkjh fJXo T[Xo d"V/ s/ fJe S'N/ fij/ bVe/ B{z cV e/ b? nkJ/.
fJj bVek pVk ;fjfwnk j'fJnk vo Bkb ezp fojk ;h. fJ;/ B/ fJj tZN/ wko/ ;B.

fe;/ nfjbeko B/ fejk, fJ; B{z j[D/ jh r'bh wko fdZsh ikt/. fe;/ Ykj/ Yzr d/D dh rZb ehsh ns/ fe;/ B/ e'Jh j'o ;ys
;ik d/D pko/ fejk.

f;gkjhnK B/ d' uko u[g/Vk th wko fdZshnK, fi; Bkb w[zv/ dhnK vkvK fBeb rJhnK. F/o/-gzikp B/ ;kfonK B{z fMVe e/
gk;/ eo fdZsk ns/ fgnko Bkb T[; bVe/ B{z g[ZfSnk, @ekek ! s{z dZ; fJj tZN/ s{z feT[I wko/ ;B< pZu/ B/ o'IId/ j'J/ fejk, wjkoki
! w?I fJj tZN/ p/o bkj[D bJh p/oh B{z wko/ ;B go fJj s[jkB{z bZr rJ/ . wjkoki/ B/ fejk, @g[Zso tZN/ yk e/ p/oh eh d/Idh j? <
pZuk !, ih, p/o. j[D s/o/ tZN/ wjkoki/ B{z bZr/ jB, fJ; bJh w?I s?B{z p/o BjhI, w'joK dh E?bh fdzdk jK.# ;ko/ b'e j?okB j' rJ/.
wjkoki/ B/ ;wMkfJnk fe fJj pZuk wk;{w j?, fJ; dh rbsh w[nkc ehsh iKdh j?. fijV/ ;kv/ f;gkjhnK B/ fJ; B{z vokfJnk
XwekfJnk j? T[; d/ pdb/ fJ; B{z fJj w'joK fdZshnK rJhnK jB sKfe fJ; wk;{w pZu/ B{z fJB;kc fdZsk ik ;e/.

;ko/ dopkoh s/ b'e wjkokik ;kfjp dh y[b fdZbh #s/ nF nF eo T[m/. ;', wjkoki/ B/ d{finK B{z w[nkc eo d/D dh
;'jDh f;Zfynk fdZsh.

cfonkdh L

fiZE/ F/o/-gzikp nkg fJB;kc g;zd ;h T[E/ T[; d/ nfjbeko, rtoBo nfde th fJB;kc d/D ftu e'Jh e;o BjhI
SZvd/ ;B .

w[bskB dk rtoBo ;ktB wZb ;h. fJe tko fJBQK d/ gk; fJe cfonkdh B/ nk e/ fFekfJs ehsh fe wjkoki s[jkv/
;odkoK ftu'I fe;/ B/ w/ok ;kok y/s x'fVnk e'b'I uotk fdZsk j?. T[; B/ w/o/ y/s dk w?B{z e'Jh w[Zb th BjhI fdZsk. w/o/ Bkb
fJB;kcaehsk ikt/.

dhtkB B/ cfonkdh B{z T[j ;odko gSkBD bJh nkfynk. cfonkdh B/ eJhnK ftu'I T[; ;odko B{z gSkD fbnk. fJj
;ktB wZb dk jh tZvk g[Zso ;h. go fco th T[; B{z e?d eoB dh ;ik ;[Dk fdZsh rJh.

id cfonkdh B{z gsk bZfrnk fe d'Fh sK dhtkB ;kfjp dk tZvk bVek j? sK T[; B/ p/Bsh ehsh fe d'Fh B{z SZv fdZsk
ikt/. go dhtkB ;kfjp B/ fJj efj e/ BKj eo fdZsh fe w?I F/o/-gzikp dk B"eo jK. fJ; bJh g[Zso j'D d/ pkti{d th w? T[;
B{z BjhI SZv ;edk. wjkokik ;kfjp dk j[ew j?, ;kfonK bJh fJB;kc pokpo dk ehsk ikt/. fJ; bJh w?I nkgD/ gZ[so bJh
fonkfJs feT[I eoK.
 id F/o/-gzikp B{z fJ; rZb dk gsk bZfrnk sK pV/ y[F j'J/. T[BQK B/ ;ktB wZb B{z nkgDh Sksh Bkb brk fbnk. ;kfonK
d/ ;kjwD/ ;ktB wb B{z tZvh irho, fJBkw d/ o{g ftu d/ e/ ;BwkB fdZsk frnk.

rK dk w[Zb L
F/o/-gzikp ne;o nkgDk G/; pdb e/ nkgDh goik dk jkb ikDdk ofjzdk ;h. fJ; soQK T[; B{z b'eK d/ d[y dod dk
n;kBh Bkb gsk bZr iKdk ;h. ;oekoh B"eoK ukeoK dh th gVskb j' iKdh ;h fe T[j goik Bkb p/-fJB;kch sK BjhI eo
oj/.

fJe tko nkg ih G/; pdb e/ bkj"o s'I pkjo fco oj/ ;B. fJE/ T[BQK B{z fJe w[zvk fwfbnk i' rK B{z oZ;/ s'I cV e/ fyuh
ik fojk ;h. T[j rK nZr/ s[oB dk BK BjhI ;h b? ojh. w[zvk pVk gq/FkB ;h, T[; B/ G/; pdb e// fco oj/ F/o/-gzikp B{z fejk,
@T[J/ Goktk ! w/oh rK B{z iok e{ jZE gtkJhI, fJ; B/ w?B{z pVk szr ehsk j'fJnk j?. w?I fJ; rK B{z Ffjo b? e/ uZbDk j?. w/o/
fgsk B/ fJj oki/ d/ nkdwhnK e'b t/uh j'Jh j?. w?I fJ; B{z wfjb ftu gj[z[ukT[DK j?.#

F/o/-gzikp B/ jZ; e/ nkfynk fe fJ; ezw bJh w?B{z eh wid{oh d/t/Irk . w[zv/ B/ fejk, @i' e[M w?B{z fwb/rk, T[; dk nZXk
fjZ;k s?B{z d/ d/tKrk.# ;' F/o/-gzikp rK B{z oZ;/ s'I cV e/ s[o gJ/. T[j bVek fgS'I rK B{z fjZeD bZrk ns/ d't/I wfjb d/ B/V/ gjz[u
rJ/.

j[D F/o/-gzikp B/ w[zv/ B{z fejk fe w?I s/oh fJE/ jh T[vhe eoKrk, s{z nzdo ik e/ rK d/j nk. id'I w[zvk rK b? e/ nzdo ubk
frnk sK F/o/-gzikp r[gs dotki/ okjhI wfjbK ftu gj[zu frnk. T[; B/ rK fbnkT[D tkb/ w[zv/ B{z gzi o[gJ/ d/D bJh nkgD/
nkdwh B{z fejk ns/ S/sh jh w[V T[;/ dotki/ okjhI pkjo nk e/ T[;/ EK #s/ yb' e/ w[zv/ B{z T[vheD bZfrnk.

e[M ;w/I fgS'I w[zv/ B/ pVh y[Fh Bkb pkjo nk e/ fejk fe rK dk w[Zb nzdo'I nZm nkB/ fwfbnk j?. fJ; bJh Goktk! uko
nkB// s{z nkgD/ b? b?. wjkokik w[zv/ e'b'I nZm nkB/ dh rZb ;[D e/ pVk d[yh j'fJnk fe fJ; Bkb sK mZrh j' rJh j?. j[D F/o/-
gzikp w[zv/ B{z Bkb b? e/ wfjb d/ nzdo rJ/ ns/ gzi o[gJ/ dh EK nZm nkB// d/D tkb/ Fkjh nkdwh B{z cV fbnk, G/s y[Zb ikD s/
B"eo B/ g?oh g?-g? e/ nZr/ bJh w[nkch wzrh.

skVBk eoe/ F/ o / gz i kp B/ B" e o B{ z w[ n kc eo fdZ s k ns/ rK fbnkT[ D tkb/ w[zv/ B{z d; o[gJ/ d/ fdZs/. fJj
bVek y[Fh y[Fh tkg; xo B{z ufbnk frnk. fJ; soQK wjkoki/ B/ T[; S'N/ bVe/ ~ th ftFtk; fdtk fdZsk fe F/o/-gzikp d/
oki ftZu fe;/ Bkb p/fJB;kch BjhI j' ;edh.

X'ph dh gzv L

fJe tko d/F ftu ekb g? frnk. F/o/-gzikp B/ nkgD/ nBki d/ ;oekoh r[dkw goik bJh y'jb fdZs/. id'I goik w[cs
nBki b? e/ iKdh ;h sK @;oeko# B{z n;h;K d/Idh Bjh ;h EZedh.

fJe rohp p[ZY/ X'ph d/ xo ykD bJh e[M th BjhI ;h. ;oekoh Yzv'o/ B{z ;[D e/ T[j th Fkjh r[dkwK tZb nk frnk. go
r[dkwK d/ B/VQ/ GhV pj[s f}nkdk ;h. p[ZYk X'ph fiZE/ ew}'o ;h, T[E/ T[; d/ xo ftu e'Jh itkB w?Ipo th BjhI ;h. T[j vodk
j'fJnk GhV d/ fgZS/ jh yb'sk fojk fe @wsK GhV EZb/ jh Bk nk iktK.#
 T[j t/ydk fojk fe jo fJe nkdwh B{z thj thj ;/o dkD/ fwb oj/ jB. T[j GhV d/ jND dh T[vhe eoB bZrk. J/B/ B{z
;{oi v[Zp frnk. xfVnkb tZiD s/ ;oekoh nkdwhnK B/ dkD/ tzvD/ pzd eo fdZs/. pkeh pu/ b'eK B{z eZb nkT[D dk j[ew
;[DkfJnk frnk.

fJj n?bkB ;[D e/ ;ko/ b'e nkgD/ xoK B{z ub/ rJ/ go T[j p[ZYk X'ph ni/ th T[E/ jh p?mk ;h. T[j nkgDh wip{oh #s/
jzM{ e/o fojk ;h. fJj d/y e/ T[; p[ZY/ X'ph d/ e'b fJe ;odko nkfJnk ns/ efjD bZrk,@pkpk ! nZi dkD/ BjhI fwb/ sK eZb
nk ikDk, s{z o'Idk feT[I J/I<

X'ph B/ T[so fdZsk, @itkBk ! w?I fpoX jK, ew}'o jK. eZb th w?B{z fe;/ B/ dkD/ BjhI b?D d/D/ ns/ GhV ftu w/o/ e'b'I
tfVnk BjhI ikDk. w/o/ NZpo ftu fBZe/ pkb jB. w?I eh eoK< w?I dkD/ fet/I btk<

;odko B/ fejk, @uzrk pkpk, w?I s?B{z dkD/ fdtk fdzdk jK. @;oeko# B/ T[; dh ukdo ftu 20 ;/o dkD/ gtk fdZs/. pkp/ B/
itkB B{z fejk fe fezBK uzrk j't/ i/ 20 ;/o dkD/ w?B{z j'o fdtk d/t'. nrb/ jcs/ th w?E'I dkD/ BjhI b? j'D/.

;odko B/ 20 ;/o dkD/ j'o gtk fdZs/ ns/ nkg ufbnk frnk. j[D 40 ;/o dkD/ p[ZY/ pkp/ e'b'I u[Ze/ Bk ikD. ;ko/ ekw/ th
xoK B{z ik u[Ze/ ;B.

ftukok p[ Z Y k X' p h T[ E / p? m k j' f Jnk nkgDh ew}' o h ns/ p[ Y / g / B{ z M{ o fojk ;h. pko pko T[ ^ m e/ fe;/
nkT[ D ikD tkb/ B{ z d/ y dk j' f Jnk nkgDh rmVh e' b p?m iKdk. eohp gzdoK thj fwzNK fgZS'I T[jh ;odko fco nkfJnk
#s/ p[ZY/ pkp/ dh dkfDnK tkbh rZmVh nkgD/ f;o #s/ oZy e/ s[o fgnk. p[ZYk X'ph nZr/ nZr/ T[; B{z nkgD/ xo dk okj dZ;dk iKdk
;h.
X'ph d/ xo dkfDnK tkbh gzv oZy e/ id T[j ;odko pkjo fBefbnk sK eJh c"ih nc;oK B/, i' rFs eo oj/ ;B, B/
nkgDhnK sbtkoK BzrhnK eoe/ ;bkwh fdZsh .

p[ZY/ X'ph B/ ;wfMnk fe fJj e'Jh tZvk ;odko j?. go id fJe c"ih B/ dZf;nk fe fJj sK F/o/-gzikp wjkokik oDihs
f;zx y[d nkg jB. p[ZYk X'ph jZek pZek ofj frnk. T[; B/ nkgD/ fdb ftu wjkoki ~ j}koK n;h;K fdZshnK. ;', fJj j? F/o/-
gzikp dk nkgDh goik Bkb fgnko dk Bw{Bk. T[^u/ n"j[fdnK #s/ p?mD tkfbnK ~ fJ; s'I }o{o ;pe f;ZyDk ukjhdk j?.

gko; L

nozG ekb s'I jh fJj XkoBk nkw gqubs ojh j? fe i/ gko; Bkb e'Jh j'o Xks S[jk fdZsh ikt/ sK T[j ;'B/ dh pD iKdh
j?.
F/o/-gzikp pko/ th fJj rZb ftF/F eoe/ fgzvK ftu gqubs ;h fe nkg Bkb th i' uhi S[j ikt/ T[j th ;'B/ dh pD
iKdh j? . @;oeko# Bkb fijVk th nwho rohp i[V iKdk ;h, T[j T[;/ B{z jh wkbk wkb eo fdzd/ ;B . T[BQK d/ ihtB ftu e'Jh
szrh BjhI ofjzD fdzd/ ;B. fJ; bJh nkw b'eK bJh F/o/-gzikp th fJe gko; d/ fBnkJh jh ikD/ iKd/ ;B.

fJe fdB F/o/-gzikp dk ib{; ik fojk ;h. uko/ gk;/ pj[s y[FhnK ns/ j[bk; dk tksktoB ;h. ib{; ftu Fkwb j'D
tkbh fJe p[YVh wkJh d/ fdb ftu fynkb nkfJnk fe T[j th e'Jh GkvK, F/o/-gzikp Bkb S[jk e/ ;'B/ dk pDK bt/, T[; d/ xo
dh rohph eZNh ikt/rh. go T[; thukoh d/ xo ftu fJe' b'j/ dk stk jh ;h. ;', T[j T[;/ B{z jh b? e/ wjkoki/ tZb nZr/ tXh.
 gfjo/dko f;gkjhnK B/ T[; wkJh B{z gkrb ;wMfdnK nZr/ ikD s'I o'e fdZsk. go T[j GhV ftu'I nZr/ fBebdh j'Jh fe;/
Bk fe;/ soQK wjkoki/ sZe gj[zu jh rJh. fpBQK d/oh ehfsnK T[; B/ ngDk ekby tkbk stk wjkoki/ d/ eZgfVnK Bkb x;k
fdZsk.
;ko/ nfjbeko r[ Z ; / Bkb bkb-ghb/ j' rJ/ . go T[ j wkJh j? o kB j' J h nkgD/ sZ t / tZ b t/ y h ikt/ fe fJj
;' B / dk feT[ I BjhI pfDnk< F/ o / - gz i kp B/ w[ ; eoKd/ j'fJnk g[ZfSnk, @wkJh eh rZb J/<# wkJh B/ T[so fdZsk, @wjkoki !
b'e efjzd/ jB fe F/o/-gzikp @gko;# j?. i/ e'Jh Xks T[; Bkb S[jkJhJ/ sK T[j ;'B/ dh pD iKdh j?. go w/ok stk sK ni/ sZe
;'B/ dk BjhI pfDnK FkfJd w?B{z fJj S[jkT[D dh iku BjhI j?.#

@;oeko# jZ; gJh s/ efj bZrh, wkJh fbnk ! w?I fJ; B{z ;'B/ dk pDk d/tK. nkgD/ t}ho B{z nkfynk fe fJ; wkJh B{z st/
d/ s'b d/ pokpo ;'Bk d/ fdT[.

T[j wkJh ;'Bk b? e/ pkeh ;koh T[wo ;[y Bkb pshs eodh j'Jh wjkoki/ B{z n;h;K d/Idh ojh.

pKr L

fJe tko fJe fgzv d/ e[M fjzd{ F/o/ gzikp wjkokik oDihs f;zx gk; nkD cfonkdh j'J/ fe w[;bwkBK dh pKr T[BQK d/
d/th-d/tfsnK B{z uzrh BjhI brdh. fJ; bJh fJj s[ozs pzd eotk fdZsh ikDh ukjhdh j?.

F/o/-gzikp B/ w[;bwkBK B{z nkgD/ e'b p[bkfJnk ns/ g[ZfSnk fe s[;hI pKr feT[I d/Id/ j'< w"bthnK B/ T[;/ t/b/ fejk fe
@;oeko# fJj fBwkihnK B{z irkT[D ns/ ;ZdD bJh jh fdZsh iKdh j?.

F/o/-gzikp B/ g[ZfSnk fe i/ fBwkihnK B{z fJsbkj fwb ikt/ sK c/o pKr BjhI d/t'r/. w"bthnK B/ fejk, @wjkoki ! c/o
eh b'V j?<#

j[D @;oeko# B/ j[ew d/ fdZsk fe nZi s'I s[jkv/ fgzv ftZu pKr d/Dh pzd ehsh iKdh j?. fJE'I d/ fjzd{nK dh fvT{Nh
brkJh iKdh j? fe T[j fBwkihnK B{z ;w/I f;o fJsbkj d/D.

;ko/ fjzd{ pVh y[Fh y[Fh nkgD/ xoK B{z tkg; nk rJ/. d' fszB fdBK ftu jh T[j pV/ szr j' rJ/. T[jBK B{z jo t/b/ fJjh
vo bZfrnk ofjzdk fe fes/ fBwk}°dk t/bk Bk yz[M ikt/. i/eo t/b/ f;o fBwk}hnK B{z ;{uBK Bk fdZsh rJh sK F/o/-gzikp T[BQK B{z
;ys ;ik d/Dr/ .

u"E/ fdB c/o ;ko/ fjzd{ fJZem/ j' e/ wjkokik ;kfjp gk; nkD jk}o j'J/ ns/ efjD bZr/ fe wjkoki ! ;kv/ e'b'I fJj
fvT[Nh BjhI fdZsh iKdh. s[;hI w[;bwkBK B{z pKr d/D dh y[Zb d/ d/t'.

wjkokik ;kfjp jZ; gJ/ ns/ efjD bZr/ fe ykb;k oki ftu fjzd{, w[;bwkB ;kfonK B{z nkgD/ ws nB[;ko g{ik, gkm
ns/ fBwki eoB dh y[Zb j?. T[j fe;/ d/ th Xow ftu dyb BjhI d/Dk ukj[zd/.

fJ; xNBK s'I ;kB{z ;/X fwbdh j? fe ftnoE d/ s[nZ;p eoe/ d{i/ XowK tkfbnK B{z szr BjhI eoBk ukjhdk.
 e[okB
B Fohc L
wjkokik oDDihs f;zx d/ fdb ftu d{di/ XowK dhhnK g[;seK,
rzqEk pko/ th T[BQK jh nkdo ;h,
; fizBQK T[j nkgD/ Xkofw
fwe rzqEK dk
eodkk ;h.

fJe tko fJe

fJ w[;bwkB B B/ pVh fwjjBs Bkb eJh
Jh ;kbK ftu
fJe e[okB Fohc fbfynk. e[okB
o Fohc d/ jkFhJ/ #s/ JB/
J/ ;[zdo c[Zb
gkJ/ rJ/
r fe t/yD tkb/ dh G[Zy bfjzdh ;h.

go Tj w[;bwkb
; fbykohoh nkgDh fe;
;ws B{z M{o fo
ojk ;h. T[j
nkgD/
D/ fdb ftu ;'udk ofjzdk ;h
; fe i/eo gzikp dk wjkookik e'Jh w[;bwkB
b j[zdk sKK T[; dh fbyhh j'Jh e[okB Fohc
F yohd e/
T[; dh
d fwjBs dk g{ok g{ok w[Zb gkT[Idk.

nkyoeko ! fJe fdB Tj T[ gZSwh ;ojZjZd d/ fJe w[;bwkB

; Btkp
p gk; nkgDh e[okB Fohc t/uD bJh s[o fgnk. F/o/-
gzikp
p B{z id T[; w[;bwkB dh fJ;
fJ GktBk dk gsk bZfrnk sK T[; B{z pj[
j[s d[y j'fJn
nk. F/o/ gzikp B/ ;'funk T[j w[;bwkB j'D
eoe/ w/o/ gk; fJ;; bJh BjhI nkfJnk
n fe w?I f;Z
f y jK ns/ T[; dh fwjBs
s dk w[Zb e'Jh w[;bwkB j[ewokB
e jh gk ;edk
; j?.

F/o/-gzikp B/ T[; w[;bwkkB B{z nkgD/ gk;

g p[bk e/ eokB
e[ Fohc d/ doFB eokT[
TD bJh fejk. doFB eoe/ e/ wjkokik pV
Vk
y[F j'fJnk ns/ w[;bwkB
; fbyko
oh B{z efjD brk,
bZ @i/ s?B{z fJ
JE/ jh s/oh fw
wjBs dk cb d/ fdZsk ikt/ sK fco nrKj
j fes/ ikD dh
b'V sK
s BjhI oj/rh<#

T[; B/ fejkk wjkoki ! w?I fco nrkj

j fe; bJh ikDk
i j?< F/o/-gz
gikp B/ T[;/ t/b/ d; jiko
o o[gJ/ Brd
d ns/ j'o u'y
yhh
;bkB
Bk irho d/ e/ T[; B{z wkbk wkb
w eo fdZsk .

T[j n;h;K d/Idk j'fJnk nkgD/ xo B{z ufbnk frnkk. wjkokik ;kfjp
; B/ T[j e[okB Fohc ~ nkgD/ t}ho
o ceho nihi{
i{
dhB B{
Bz d/ fdZsk. fJ
Jj e[okB Fohhc ni/ th gkffe;skB ftZu T[
T; d/ ykBdkB
B gk; w"i{d j?.

ceho
o dk xV
Vk L

F/o/ gzikp wjkokik

w oDihhs f;zx B/ nkkgD/ g'so/ ezto
t B"fBjkb f;z
;zx d/ ftnkj dh y[Fh ftu pV/ y[Zb/ fdb
b Bkb dkB-g[B
ehsk. nkg ih d/ T[dko fdb dhnnK uko/ gk;/ Xz
X[[wK g? rJhnKK.

nNkoh d/ yZ
y[Zb/ w?dkB ftu
u c"i d/ e[M d;fsnK
d dh fvT[
fv Nh brkJh rJh fe T[j gqsh ihn jo
o fe;/ B{z @;o
oeko# d/ j[ew
w[skp
pe dkB eoh ikD.
i

fJe w[;bwwkB ceho f;oo T[/s/ fJe tvk

tZ ;kok xVk u[Zeh nkfJnkk ns/ efjD bZ
brk fe nkg ih B/ ;kfon
nK B{z gqsh ihn
n
dkB fdZ
f sk j? go w/ok c?;bk ni/
i/ BjhI j'fJnk.
 @;oeko# B/ T[; B{z nkgDk fjZ;k b?D bJh nkfynk. ceho efjD bZrk wjkoki! gfjb/ w/o/ ihn frD bJ// ikD ns/ T[;
nB[;ko jh w?B{z dkB fdZsk ikt/.

;oeko B/ T[; B{z nkgD/ ihnK dh frDsh dZ;D bJh fejk. T[; ceho B/ f;o #s/ u[Zfenk j'fJnk xVk j/mK oZfynk ns/
xV/ dk YZeD u[Zfenk. ;kok xVk ehVhnK Bkb BZe' BZe Gfonk j'fJnk ;h.

dkBh wjkokik ceho dh f;nkDg #s/ jZ; fgnk ns/ efjD bZrk# GkJh ! s{z nkg jh nkgD/ iht frD e/ ;kB{z dZ; d/j iK
fJj ;kok xVk ;'B/ dhnK w'joK Bkb Go e/ b? ikj.

ceho B/ nkgDk xVk w'joK Bkb Gotk fbnk ns/ wjkoki/ B{z n;h;K d/Idk j'fJnk tkg; ufbnk frnk.

y{p;{os f;jok L

ezto B"fBjkb f;zx d/ j'D tkb/ ftnkj dh uko/ gk;/ pVh uouk ;h. bkj"o oki dopko ftu pVh rfjwK rfjw ;h. uko/
gk;/ y[Fh Gfonk tksktoB wfjeK fpy/odk wfj;{; j[zdk ;h.

poks bkj"o s'I ub e/ nNkoh nkT[IDh ;h. ;ko/ o;s/ ftu dkB b?D tkb/ rohp-r[op/ b'e eJh fdB gfjbK jh nkgDh EK
wZb e/ p?m rJ/. tZv/ w/b/ tork wkj"b ;h. fJjBK rohpK d/ fujfonK #s/ th y[Fh dh o"De ;h. ;kfonK B{z nk; i{ ;h fe
wjkokik nkgD/ g'so/ d/ ftnkj dh y[Fh ftu tZvk dkB g[B eo/rk .

Fkw f;zx dh nNkoh fty/ th e'Jh xZN o'De BjhI ;h. poks d/ ;tkrs dk pVk ftFkb gqpzX ehsk frnk ;h. B"eo ukeo
job -job eod/ fcod/ ;B fe gqpzX ftu e'Jh ewh Bk ofj ikt/. xo dhnK ;[nkDhnK dh nZvh iwhB Bkb BjhI ;h bZr ojh.
fJj nkgD/ ;w/I d/ wzB/ gqwzB/ r[of;Zy, :'X/, ioB?b ;qL Fkw f;zx nNkoh tkb/ dh bVeh dh Fkdh ;h.

bkj' o ftu ;ko/ poksh fJeA m / j' rJ/ . ez t o B' f Bjkb f;z x fJFBkB eoe/ fsnko j' frnk. F/o/-gzikp nkgD/
g'so/ dk o'jp d/y e/ c[Zbk BjhI ;h ;wk fojk. ;kfonK B{z s[oB dh ekjbh ;h.

j[D Ffjo dk wFj{o itkjoh gzi bZy o[gJ/ dh bkrs Bkb fsnko ehsk j'fJnk y{p;{os f;jok b? e/ nk frnk. fJj
ehwsh f;jok eto B'fBjkb f;zx B{z ;ikfJnk ikDk ;h.

wjkokik oDihs f;zx fJ; pj[ w[Zb/ ;[zdo f;jo/ B{z t/y e/ efjD bZr/, @fJj f;jok sK pVk jh ;[zdo s/ fgnkok j? .#
ns/ w/ok fJj gqD j? fe fijVh uhi w/o/ wB B{z uzrh bZr/rh, T[j w?I ;qh dopko ;kfjp G/Nk eo d/Dh j?. fJ; bJh fJj f;jok
;qh dopko ;kfjp fty/ G/i fdZsk ikt/.

foFs/dkoK B/ pVk ;wMkfJnk fe ;wK xZN j?. fJj' fijk f;jok S/sh BjhI pDB bZrk. ftnkj fgZS'I fJ;/ soQK dk d{ik
f;jok ;qh dopko ;kfjp G/i d/tKr/. go F/o/-gzikp efjD bZrk n;hI ;kd/ f;jo/ Bkb jh ezw ubk btKr/, fJj ehwsh f;jok
;qh dopko ;kfjp fty/ jh G/fink ikt/. wip{oh tZ; ;kfonK B{z wjkoki/ dk j[ew wzBDk jh fgnk.

B'N - fJj f;jok 1984 Jh;th B{z ;qh dopko ;kfjp #s/ ehs/ rJ/ c"ih jwb/ ftu ;kV fdZsk frnk ;h.
 ebrhXo dh sKx L

F/o/-gzikp wjkokik oDihs f;zx d/ wB dh fJj tZvh ykjF ;h fe T[j fe;/ n?;/ r[of;Zy d/ doFB eo/, fi; B/
nkgDhnK nZyK Bkb dFw/F fgsk r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih wjkoki d/ gqsZy doFB ehs/ j'D.

ni/j/ r[of;Zy d/ doFB eoB dh sKx ftu wjkoki/ B/ pVh Gkb ehsh. nB/eK ftFtk; gkso f;gkjhnK B{z th fJ; ezw
ftu brkfJnk frnk. fiT[I fiT[I Gkb bzwh j[zdh ik ojh ;h, T[;/ soQK wjkoki/ dh p/-;poh th brksko tZXdh ik ojh ;h. go
fco th T[; B{z gZek ftFtk; ;h fe ;ko/ gzikp ftu e'Jh sK n?;k tvGkrk fJB;kB io{o ihts j't/rk. fi; B/ d;t/I gksFkj
ih dh nkg ;zrs ehsh j't/rh.

nkyoeko, F/o/-gzikp B{z fJe fpoX r[of;Zy fwb jh fgnk, fi; B/ dFw/F fgsk d/ e/tb doFB jh BjhI ehs/ j'J/ ;B,
;r'I r[o{ ;kfjp ih d/ Bkb ofjD dk th T[; B{z ;[Gkr gqkgs ;h.

T[; r[of;Zy d/ doFB eoe/ F/o/-gzikp dh y[Fh dk e'Jh fNekDk Bk fojk.

wjkoki/ B/ T[; d/ uoB u[zw/, nkgD/ jZEh T[; dk w{j jZE X[nkfJnk. B"eoK tKr T[; dh ;/tk eoe/, ehwsh sZys #s/ fpmk
fdZsk. @;oeko# T[; r[of;Zy d/ ;kjwD/ u"eVk wko e/ jZE i'V e/ G[zi/ p?m rJh s/ ebrhXo gksFkj dhnK bzpk ;wK rZbk
;[DhnK A @;oeko# dk y[Fh Bkb ed/ fujok bkb j' ikt/ s/ ed/ T[; dhnK nZyK ftu'I dod d/ jzM{ Szw Szw feoB bZr g?D . T[;
dk fuZs BjhI ;h eodk fe T[j r[of;Zy T[; e'b'I ed/ i[dk j't/.

go j[D T[; fpoX pkp/ B/ T[E'I ub/ ikD dh fJASk gqrN ehsh. wjkoki/ B/ T[; B{z pj[s XB wkb d/Dk ukfjnk go T[; B/
b?D s'I wBk eo fdZsk. wjkokik nkg Bzr/ g/ohI T[; B{z pkjo d{o sZe SZvD bJh Bkb nkfJnk. T[j pkpk nkgDh wzib tZb
ufbnk frnk. go wjkokik T[d'I sZe yVk j' e/ T[; B{z sZedk fojk id'I sZe T[j r[of;Zy wjkoki/ dhnK nZyK s'I nb'g BjhI j'
frnk. fJ; s'I fgS'I T[j pkpk fco ed/ F/o/-gzikp B{z Bk fwb ;fenk Gkt/I wjkoki/ B/ T[; B{z d[pkok fwbD d/ eJh :sB ehs/.

f;Zyh f;de L
wjkokik dDihs f;zx d/ fdb ftu r[o{ e/ f;yK bJh pVk fgnko s/ ;fseko ;h. T[j fe;/ r[of;Zy B{z rohph eoe/ szrh
eZNfdnk d/y e/ ;jko BjhI ;h ;edk.

fJe tko id'I nkg ih B{z fJj gsk bZfrnk fe ;qh dopko ;kfjp d/ ji{oh okrh GkJh wB;k f;zx ih pVh szrh ftu fdB
eZN oj/ jB. T[j J/B/ rohp jB fe b'j/ d/ st/ dh EK N[ZN/ j'J/ xV/ d/ pZpo/ (N[eV/) T[^s/ o'Nh geKd/ jB, sK F/o/-gzikp dk fdb
Go nkfJnk.

nkg ih T[;/ t/b/ jkEh #s/ uV e/ GkJh ;kfjp d/ xo B{z s[o gJ/. fe;/ B/ GkJh wB;k f;zx B{z dZ; fdZsk fe wjkokik T[BQK
B{z wkbk wkb eoB bJh nk fojk j? . go id @wjkokik# xo d/ B/V/ nkfJnk sK GkJh wB;k f;zx B/ xo d/ ;ko/ dotki/
fyVehnK pzd eo fdZs/.
 j[D wjkoki/ B/ xo dk dotkik yVekT[Id/ j'fJnK fejk fe GkJh ;kfjp ih nzdo'I dotkik y'b' ! w?I nkg ih B{z e[M
;fseko G/Nk d/D bJh nkfJnk jK. go GkJh wB;k f;zx ih B/ pko pko fJe' jh rZb nkyh fe wjkokik ;kfjp i/eo w?B{z ed/
fe;/ uhi dh b'V j't/rh sK nkg ih B{z io{o dZ;Krk .

;/ t kdkoK B/ pE/ o k i' o brkfJnk fe j[ D ;pZ p Bkb wjkokik nkg nkfJnk j?, i' wzr'r/ T[jh fwb ikt/rk. go
GkJh wB;k f;zx B/ pV/ fgnko Bkb fejk fe i/eo w?B{z e'Jh b'V j't/rh sK w?I nkgD/ ;Zu/ gksFkj d/ dopko ftu jo o'i
ehosB eoB bJh ;qh dopko ;kfjp fty/ iKdk jh jK, w?I nkg/ T[^E'I wzr btKrk.

F/o/-gzikp, GkJh wB;k f;zx d/ f;oV nZr/ jko frnk ns/ fpBQK e[ZM fdZs/ jh T[j tkg; nk frnk. Gkt/I GkJh wB;k f;zx
B/ f;Zyh f;de dk uzrk gqrNktk ehsk fi; eoe/ wjkokik y[F th ;h go fco th T[; B{z rw ;h fe GkJh wB;k f;zx B/ T[; dh
e'Jh th ;/tk gqtkB BjhI ehsh.

eZu uzrk fe fgZsb L

fJe tko fe;/ ftd/Fh ezgBh dk J/izN, F/o/-gzikp wjkokik oDihs f;zx ih d/ gk;, eZu d/ ;wkB B{z gzikp ftu t/uD dh
nkfrnk b?D bJh nkfJnk. T[; B/ ehwsh eZu d/ frbk;, gb/NK, c[ZbdkB nkfde wjkoki/ B{z fdykJhnK. J/izN B/ nkgD/ ;wkB
dh e[nkfbNh pko/ wjkoko/ B{z gqGkfts eoB bJh pVk i'o brkfJnk.

J/izN dhnK rZbK ;[DB fgZS'I wjkoki/ B/ fejk fe s[jkv/ ;wkB B{z j[D/ jh goy b?Id/ jK. T[j J/izN fJj rZb ;[D e/ pVk
y[F j'fJnk. T[; B/ ;'funk fe fpd/Fh ;wkB gzikp d/ f;ZX/ ;kd/ b'eK ftu wfjzr/ Gkn t/u e/ wkbkwkb j' iktKrk.
wjkoki/ B/ fJe c{bdkB s/ ehwsh gb/NK cV e/ G[zM/ ;[ZN fdZshnK. iwhB #s/ fvrfdnK jh T[j N[eV/ N[eV/ j' e/ fyZbo
rJhnK. J/izN fJj d/y pVk gq/FkB j'fJnk fe wjkoki/ B/ ni/jk feT[I ehsk j?.

wjkoki/ B/ T[j ;ko/ N[eV/ fJeZm/ eotk e/ J/izN B{z d/ fdZs/ ns/ fejk fJzBK B{z p}ko ftu t/u nkU. T[j J/izN eJh xzN/
p}ko ftu x[zwdk fojk go T[BQK N[efVnK dk fe;/ B/ fJe g?;k th w[Zb Bk fdZsk. wk:{; j' e/ T[j tkg; wjkoki/ gk; nk frnk
ns/ efjD bZrk fe fJBQK N[efVnK B{z e'Jh th yohdD bJh fsnko BjhI feT[Ife j[D fJj p/eko N[eV/ jB.

j[D wjkoki/ B/ nkgD/ gk; fJe fgZsb dk frbk; wzrtkfJnk. T[; fpd/Fh J/izN d/ ;kjwD/ jh wjkoki/ B/ fgZsb d/
frbk; B{z iwhB #s/ ;[ZfNnk fco jEI"V/ Bkb T[; B{z uzrh soQK c/j e/ p[oh soQK fuZpk eo fdZsk . wjkoki/ B/ T[; J/izN B{z T[j
frbk; d/ e/ p}ko ftu G/fink fe j[D s[;hI fJ; B{z t/u e/ i' g?;/ fwbD b? nkU. e[M ;w/I ftu jh frbk; t/u e/ J/izN tkg;
nk frnk ns/ g?;/ wjkoki/ d/ ;kjwD/ oZy fdZs/.

wjkoki/ B/ T[; fpd/Fh J/izN B{z ;wMkfJnk fe ;kvk w[be ni/ rohp j?. fJE'I dh goik B{z T[BQK uhiK dh e'Jh b'V BjhI
fijVhnK e/tb m'eo bZrD Bkb jh N[ZN ikD ns/ T[BQK dk e"vh th w[Zb Bk gt/. T[j J/izN Fofwzdk j'fJnk tkg; ufbnk frnk.
nZi d/ ;w/I ftZu ;td/Fh wkb dh tos'I pko/ o;whI rZbK eoB tkfbnK ~ fJ; s'I ;/X b?Dh ukjhdh j?.
 F/o/-gzikp dh fBwosk L

F/o/-gzikp wjkokik oDihs f;zx dh XKe ;koh d[fBnK ftu c?b u[Zeh ;h. nkg d/ ;kjwD/ e[;e ;eD dh fe;/ ftu th
fjzws BjhI ;h. J/Bh skes d/ j[zd/ j'fJnk th T[; d/ nzdo fBwosk ns/ f;y gzE bJh ;wofgs GktBk Goh j'Jh ;h.

fJe tko nkg ih GkJhukoe ns/ ;dkukoe fB:wK dh G[Zb eo p?m/. fJ; rZb dk f;Zy ;zrsK ;w/s nekbh pkpk c{bk
f;zx ih B{z gsk bZr frnk. T[BQK B/ ;zrsK dh okfJ nB[;ko wjkoki/ B{z sBykjhnk eoko d/ fdZsk. ;ko/ f;Zy irs ftu wjkoki/
d/ teko B{z pVh tZvh Ykj bZrh. wjkokik pVk gq/FkB ;h fe T[j nkgDh rbsh B{z fet/I w[nkc eotkt/ .

;qh nekb sys ;kfjp d/ ;kjwD/ bZr/ dhtkB ftu jk}o j' e/ F/o/-gzikp B/ w[nkch wzr bJh. t/y'! fi; wjkoki/ d/
;kjwD/ ekpb ezXko d/ jkew th nZy u[Ze e/ BjhI t/y ;ed/ ;B, nZi T[j wjkokik ;qh nekb sys ;kfjp d/ ;kjwD/ jZE i'V
f;o M[ek e/ wkch wzr fojk ;h.

nekbh pkpk c{bk f;zx B/ F/o/-gzikp B{z fJwbh d/ o[Zy Bkb pzB e/ Bzr/ fgzv/ ;" e'V/ wkoB dh ;ik (sBykj) brk fdZsh.
wjkoki/ B/ ;koh ;zrs d/ ;kjwD/ jh T[;/ t/b/ nkgD/ eZgV/ T[sko fdZs/ ns/ ;qh nekb sys ;kfjp d/ ;kjwD/ fJwbh d/ o[Zy e'b
ik yb'sk. fJwbh d/ sD/I B{z iZck wko e/ efjD bZrk fe iE/dko ih w?B{z e'V/ wkoB/ F[o{ ehs/ ikD.

wjkoki/ dh fBwosk B{z d/yd/ j'J/ ;zrs ftu'I nktkiK nkT[D bZrhnK fe i/ wjkokik e'V/ ykD bJh fsnko j' frnk j? sK
j[D fJBQK B{z e'V/ Bk wko/ ikD feT[Ife fco th fJj gzikp dk wjkokik j?. fJ; fgZS'I iE/dko ih B/ wjkoki/ B{z e'fVnK dh ;ik
w[nkc eo fdZsh.
fJ; soQ K dk wjkokik ;ko/ ;z ; ko ftu fJe th BjhI j' f Jnk fijVk nkgD/ Xow ftFtkF bJh ni/jh fBwosk
oZydk j't/ ns/ fi; dh fw;kb fdZsh ik ;edh j't/.

u'o pD/ oytkb/ L

fJe tko F/o/-gzikp wjkokik oDihs f;zx oks, ;w/I G/; pdb e/ bkj"o dhnK pkjobhnK ekb"BhnK ftu x[zw fojk ;h.
nZXh oks s'I fgZS'I fJ; B{z e[M nkdwh fwb/ s/ g[ZfSnk fe T[j e"D j?. fpBQK d/oh s'I F/o/-gzikp B/ nkfynk fe w?I th T[jh jK, i'
s[;hI j'. j[D T[BQK nkdwhnK B/ fB;fuzs fij/ j' e/ fejk fe n;hI sK u'o jK ns/ Bkb d/ wj[Zb/ ftu u'oh eoBh j?. F/o/-gzikp B/
fejk fe i/ s[;hI mhe ;wM'I sK w?I th s[jkv/ Bkb jh uZbdk jK. T[BQK B/ jK eo fdZsh. j[D T[j fJeZm/ j' e/ u'oh eoB bJh fBeb
s[o/.
fJe ;/m d/ xo u'oh eofdnK fJjBK B{z pVk wkb-wZsk jZE bZfrnk. u'oK B/ ;'funk fe nZi J/Bk jh ek\h j?. T[BQK B/
tkg; xo ikD dk wB pDk fbnk. go F/o/-gzikp B/ T[BQK B{z fejk fe w?I sK nZi Fkjh feb/Q ftu u'oh eoB dk c?;bk ehsk
j'fJnk j?. i/ s[;hI w/ok ;kE d/t' sK uzrk wkb fwb ;edk j?, u'oh eoB ftu e[M Fkjh nkdwh th ;kvk ;kE d/Dr/, w?I T[BQK Bkb
rZb ehsh j'Jh j?.

Fkjh febQ/ ftu u'oh dh rZb ;[D e/ u'o pV/ y[F j'J/ ns/ wzB rJ/ fe fJ; u'oh ftu T[j }o{o Fkwb j'Dr/.
j[D F/o/-gzikp T[BQK B{z Fkjh febQ/ d/ B/V/ b? nkfJnk. febQ/ d/ tZv/ r/N ftubh S'Nh fyVeh T[BQK B{z y[Zbh fwb rJh. j"bh
j"bh ;ko/ nzdo ub/ rJ/. fJe irQK gj[zu e/ F/o/-gzikp B/ u'oK B{z nkfynk fe wfjbK d/ nzdo w?I tVKrk ns/ s[;h pkjo S[g e/
yV/ j' ikt'.
 wjkokik nzdo ubk frnk ns/ e[M d/o fgZS'I d' E?bhnK ;'B/ uKdh d/ rfjDhnK dhnK pkjo b? nkfJnk. fJj d/y d/ u'o
pV// y[F j'J/. fJe fJe E?bh d'jK B{z d/ e/ T[j fco j'o ;wkB u'oh eoB d/ pjkB/ nzdo ubk frnk. j[D T[j ekch d/o sZe
pkjo Bk fBefbnk. u'oK B/ ;'funk fe f;gkjhnK B/ T[; ~ cV fbnk j't/rk. fJ; bJh T[BQK B{z fy;e ikDk ukjhdk j?. fJj
;'u e/ febQ/ ftu'I pkjo fBebD bJh T[;/ fyVeh tZb nkJ/ fiZE'I dh nzdo tV/ ;B. j[D T[j fyVeh pzd ;h ns/ gfjo/dko th
sbtkoK ;{s e/ pVh w[;s?dh Bkb yV/ ;B.

u' o xpoK d/ fJXo T[ X o fBebD bJh o;sk bZ G D bZ r / . u" e z B / gfjo/ d koK B/ T[ B Q K B{ z frq \ sko eo fbnk
ns/ fdB/ pkdFkj d/ dopko ftu g/ F eoB bJh f;bkyK fgZS/ vZe fdZsk. nrb/ fdB wjkoki/ d/ dopko ftu T[BQK B{z g/F
ehsk frnk.

wjkoki/ B{z d/y e/ T[j jZe/ pZe/ ofj rJ/ fe fJj sK oks tkbk jh ;kvk ;kEh j?. wjkoki/ B/ ;/m B{z th nkgDk wkb
gSkDB bJh fejk. u'oK B{z }whB ftjb BjhI ;h d/ ojh, BjhI sK T[j wo jh iKd/.

wjkoki/ B/ u'oK B{z g[ZfSnk, T[J/ g[oF'! u'oh feT[I eod/ j'< T[BQK fejk, @ih, xo dh szrh eoe/, fJ; p[o/ ezw ftu g? rJ/
jK.

@wjkokik- i/ s[jkB{z e'Jh ezw d/ fdZsk ikt/ sK fco u'oh sK BjhI eo'r/.
u'o-@ih wjkoki! @fco ;kB{z u'oh eoB dh eh b'V j?< F/o/-gzikp B/ T[;/ t/b/ tiho B{z efj fdZsk fe fJBQK B{z @;{jhJ/# ti'I
Gosh ehsk ikt/.

j[D T[j u'o BjhI ;r'' pkjoh d[FwD c"iK dhnK ;orowhnK dh fog'oN @;oeko# B{z gj[zukT[D tkb/ db/o oytkb/ pD rJ/
;B. fJ; soQK wjkoki/ B/ nkgDh f;nkD\ eoe/ u'oK B{z okyh eoB dk ezw ;"g d/ f;ZX/ okj/ gk fdZsk.
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