CEMATH

EXPONENCIALES

EXPONENCIALES

Ejercicio 1
Resuelve las siguientes ecuaciones:

b) 3x 1 = 9

a) 2x = 8

1
= 125
5 x + 3

c)

d)

7x =

1
7

Solucin
2 x = 8 2 x = 23 x = 3
a)

3x 1 = 9 3x 1 = 32 x 1 = 2 x = 3
1
= 125 5 x 3 = 53 x 3 = 3 x = 6
5 x + 3

b)
c)

d)

7x =

1
x
7 3 = 7 1 = 1 x = 3
7
3

Ejercicio 2
Resolver las ecuaciones:

a) 21+ x = 42 x
Solucin

b) 5 x

5 x + 6

=1

c) 3x (32 ) x = 93

a)

21+ x = 4 2 x 21+ x = ( 2 2 )

b)

5x

c)

3x ( 32 ) = 93 3x 32 x = ( 32 ) 33 x = 36 3 x = 6 x = 2

5 x + 6

= 1 5x

5 x + 6

2 x

21+ x = 2 4 2 x 1 + x = 4 2 x 3 x = 3 x = 1

= 50 x 2 5 x + 6 = 0 x1 = 2

x2 = 3

Ejercicio 3
Resolver las siguientes ecuaciones:

a)

2 x 1

216 = 6

b)

35 x =

27
3x

c)

x 1

35 x = x +1 32 x + 5

Solucin
1

a)

b)

c)

2 x 1

35 x =

x 1

216 = 6 216 2 x 1 = 6 ( 63 ) 2 x 1 = 6
27
3
3x

5 x
2

33
3
3x
5 x

5 x
2

2 x +5

= 33 x

35 x = x +1 32 x + 5 3 x 1 = 3 x +1

3
= 1 2x 1 = 3 x = 2
2x 1

5 x
= 3 x 5 x = 6 2x x = 1
2

5 x 2x + 5
=
(5 x)( x + 1) = (2 x + 5)( x 1)
x 1
x +1

5 x + 5 x 2 x = 2 x 2 2 x + 5 x 5 3 x 2 x 10 = 0 x1 = 2

Pgina 1

x2 =

5
3

CEMATH

EXPONENCIALES

Ejercicio 4
Resolver las ecuaciones:

5 x 5 x 5 x = 57

a)
3

b)

a 2x

x 1

( 2)

c)

a 2x

a 2 x = a 26

= x2 8

Solucin
7x

5 x 5 x 5 x = 57 5 8 = 57

a)

7x
=7 x =8
8

26 x
3

b)

a2 x

( 2)

c)

a2 x

x 1

x2

a 2 x = a 26 a 27 = a 26 =

82

x 1
2

x 1
3
x 1
9
=

= 2
x 3 5 x 2 + 8 x 40 = 0
2
x2
4
x 4x + 4

= 2 x2

x3 5x 2 + 8 x 40 = 0 x1 = 5

26 x
= 26 a = 27
27

x 2 + 8 = 0 no tiene solucion real

Ejercicio 5
Resolver la ecuacin

7 x 6

7 3 x 2 = 6 7 3 x +1

Solucin
3

7 x 6

73 x 2 = 6 73 x +1 7

x 6
3

3x2
4

=7

3 x +1
6

x 6 3 x 2 3x + 1
+
=

3
4
6

4( x 6) + 3(3 x 2) = 2(3 x + 1) 4 x + 9 x 6 x = 2 + 24 + 6 7 x = 32 x =

32
7

Ejercicio 6
Resolver las ecuaciones:

2 x + 2 x1 + 2 x 2 = 7
2 x + 2 + 2 x+3 + 2 x + 4 + 2 x +5 + 2 x +6 = 31
4 x 1 + 4 x 2 + 4 x3 + 4 x 4 + 4 x 5 = 341
2 2 x + 2 2 x = 80

a)
b)
c)
d)

Solucin
a)

2 x + 2 x 1 + 2 x 2 = 7 ;

Hacemos

2 x = a a + a 2 1 + a 2 2 = 7 a +

a a
+ = 7 4a + 2a + a = 28 a = 4 2 x = 4 x = 2
2 4
2 x + 2 + 2 x + 3 + 2 x + 4 + 2 x + 5 + 2 x + 6 = 31 ; Si 2 x = a 4 a + 8 a + 16 a + 32 a + 64 a = 31

a+
b)

a a
+ =7
2 4

124a = 31 a =

31 1
1
= 2 x = 2 x = 2 2 x = 2
124 4
4

Pgina 2

CEMATH

EXPONENCIALES

a a
a
a
a
+
+
+
+
= 341
4 4 2 43 4 4 45
256a + 64a + 16a + 4a + a = 341 45 341a = 341 45 a = 45 4 x = 45 x = 5
4 x 1 + 4 x 2 + 4 x 3 + 4 x 4 + 4 x 5 = 341 ;

c)

4x = a

Si

Ejercicio 7

7 2 x+3 8 7 x +1 + 1 = 0

Resolver

Solucin

7 2 x + 3 8 7 x +1 + 1 = 0 ( 7 x ) 7 3 8 7 x 7 + 1 = 0
2

t=

56 3136 1372
98 1
t1 =
=
686
686 7

t2 =

7 x = t 343t 2 56t + 1 = 0

Hacemos

14
1
1
=
7 x = x = 1 y
686 49
7

7x =

1
x = 2
49

Ejercicio 8

2 2 x 10 2 x + 16 = 0

Resolver

Solucin

2 2 x 10 2 x + 16 = 0 ( 2 x ) 10 2 x + 16 = 0
2

z=

10 100 64 10 6
=
z1 = 8
2
2

Hacemos 2 x = z z 2 10 z + 16 = 0

z2 = 2 2 x = 8 x = 3

2x = 2 x = 1

Ejercicio 9

3 2 x 3 + 1 = 4 3 x 2

Resolver

Solucin

(3 )

2 x 3

+1 = 4 3

x2

+1 = 4

3x
9

Hacemos 3x = t

t2
4t
+ 1 = t 2 12t + 27 = 0
27
9

27
12 6
t 2 12t + 27 = 0 t =
t1 = 9 t2 = 3 3x = 9 x = 2
2

3x = 3 no tiene solucion

Ejercicio 10
x
x +1
Resolver la ecuacin 4 + 2 80 = 0

Solucin

hacemos el cambio 2 x = z

y obtenemos

(2 )

x 2

+ 2 2 x 80 = 0 z 2 + 2 z 80 = 0

Resolvemos la ecuacin y tenemos

z 2 + 2 z 80 = 0 z =

2 4 + 320 2 324 2 18 x1 = 8
=
=
=
2
2
2
x2 = 10

Por tanto 2 = 8 2 = 2 x = 3
x

por otra parte 2x = 10 no tiene solucion real

Pgina 3

CEMATH

EXPONENCIALES

Ejercicio 11
2 x +3
8 7 x +1 + 1 = 0
Resolver la ecuacin 7

Solucin

Hacemos el cambio z = 7 x y tenemos ( 7 x ) 73 8 7 x 7 + 1 = 0 73 z 2 8 7 z + 1 = 0

2

14
7

z =
=
8 7 82 7 2 4 7 3
8 64 28 8 6 1 98 49
Resolvemos la ecuacin en z z =
=
=
=
2 73
98
98
z = 2 = 1
2 98 49
1
1
1
1
Si z = 7 x = x = 1 Si z =
7x =
x = 2
7
7
49
49

Ejercicio 12
x +1
y 2
2 2 = 32
x
y
2 + 2 = 20

Resolver

Solucin

x
2y
x +1
y2
x
y
2 2 = 32 2 2 2 = 32 2 2 = 64

2
x

x
y
y
2 x + 2 y = 20
2 + 2 = 20
2 + 2 = 20

Hacemos el cambio 2 = a y 2 = b
x

a1 = 4 b1 = 16
a b = 64
a ( 20 a ) = 64 20a a 2 = 64 a 2 20a + 64 = 0

+
=
20

=
20

a
b
b
a

a2 = 16 b2 = 4
a1 = 4 2 x = 4 2 x = 2 2 x = 2
y
y
4
b1 = 16 2 = 16 2 = 2 y = 4

Si

x
x
4
a2 = 16 2 = 16 2 = 2 x = 4
y
y
2
b2 = 4 2 = 4 2 = 2 y = 2

Si

Pgina 4