37-4 BRIONES, DOMINGO

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Predisposing Factors Precipitating Factors

* Genetics * Environmental factors (change in
temperature)
*Race * Atmospheric pollutants (perfume, smoke, etc.)
* Age * allergens (pets)
* Gender exercise, stress on emotional upset,
chemicals,
medications

1 gE stimulations

mast cell degranultation

asthma attack

altered immunologic response increased airway resistance increased lung compliance impaired mucocilary function altered
O2-CO2 exchange
-lungs become
chemical mediators are released mucus inflammation bronchospasm hyperinflated increase mucus production increase
airway resistance
secretion
* audible expiratory and inspiratory slowed clearance of mucus respiratory
muscles works
histamine SRS-A lenkotrimes - accessory muscle breathing harder
Prostaglandins Bradykinins - nasal flaring increase water loss from mucus
* tachypnea muscle fatigue and
 SPASM - tachycardia mucus becomes increasingly viscous
exhaustion

*whezzing respiratory alkalosis

* paroxysmal deppnea
* --------/production cough

without medical intervention with medical interventions

individual compensates without O2 therapy

increased RR
medications: inhaled steroid, beta2
respiratory alkalosis adrenergic agents *bronchodilators
(salbutamol)
mild ---------- hypoxemia
opens the airway
severe ----------- hypoventilation
deep breathing and coughing exercise
respiratory audoris
coughing up thick tenacious spultum
severe hypoxemia
adequate rest
death
H teachings
BAD PROGNOSIS - increase fluid intake
- elevate HOB
- limit exposure to allergens
- minimize stenous activities

GOOD PROGNOSIS