V WHEN ONE IS TESTING TO SEE WHETHER A

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION FITS A SPECIFIC

PATTERN, THE CHI-SQUARE GOODNESS OF FIT
TEST IS USED.
V Example:
Suppose a market analyst wished to see whether
consumers have any preference among five flavors of a
new fruit soda.
V A sample of 100 people provided these data:

cherry strawberry orange lime Grape

ë
16 14 10
Is there enough evidence to reject the claim that there is no preference in the
selection of fruit soda flavors, using the data shown previously? Let a 0.05.

Útep 1 : Útate the hypotheses and identify the claim.

6



 


6



 

Útep 2 : Find the critical value.

The degrees of freedom are 5 - 1 = 4, and a
£ 

Find the value corresponding to:

£  
 £ 
^ and a degree of freedom equal to 4.

Check the table of critical values: look for the intersection between 4 horizontally
And 0.95 vertically. The answer is 9.4

.
Útep 3: Compute the test value by subtracting the expected value from the
V corresponding observed value, squaring the result and dividing by the
V expected value, and finding the sum.
§bserved § xpected §- ( M) 2 ( M) 2
M
ë 0 1 144 7.

0
64 ë.
16 0 -4 16 0.

14 0 -6 ë6 1.

10 0 -10 100 5
Sum=1

 V Útep 4: Make the decision.
V The decision is to reject the null hypothesis since the test
V value, 1
, is greater than the critical value, 9.4

, and falls in the critical
V region. See Figure.

Útep 5 : Úummarize the results. There is enough evidence to reject the claim
that consumers show no preference for the flavors.