What Is 3G Technology PPT?

By Evelyn Trimborn, eHow Contributor

updated: December 1, 2010

There are now several 3G enabled phones on the market.

3G stands for Third Generation and refers to mobile phone technology, specifically the
ability to deliver voice, data and streaming files, including multimedia files, for use on a
wireless phone. PPT is the file extension for a PowerPoint presentation. A PPT is one
type of multimedia file for delivery on a 3G-enabled phone, such as an iPhone.

3G
1. 3G mobile technology is much faster than 1G and 2G technology. 1G refers to
analog phone service, and 2G to digital service. 3G refers to voice, data and
streaming multimedia, including large packets of data such as PPT files.

PPT
2. PPT is the file extension for a PowerPoint presentation data file. PowerPoint
is a Microsoft, creation, part of their popular Office suite. PPTs are in the form of
slides, commonly referred to as a deck. Each PPT deck can contain many slides,
with video and audio files, as well as charts and graphics.

3G Delivery of PPTs
3. Depending on the number of slides and amount of multimedia files within a
PPT deck, PPTs can grow to a very large size, resulting in longer delivery times
and slower viewing on a 3G-enabled phone.

3G Networks for Delivery of PPTs

4. 3G networks have expanded in the US in recent years, but 3G coverage is
still not available everywhere as of yet. For that reason, even if a person has a
3G compatible phone, the may not be able to download or view PPTs in all
areas.
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What Is a 3G Cell Phone?

By Hayley Harrison, eHow Contributor

3G or third-generation is a type of technology used for cellular phones and other mobile
devices. There are a number of phones on the market from various providers that offer
3G technology.

Identification
1. 3G refers to the ability to connect to the Internet from anywhere that your cell
phone can access a network known as the 3G network.

Effects
2. 3G allows you to browse websites, check your email or communicate via
instant messenger anywhere that is in range of your cell phone provider's
network. You do not have to be in an area where there is wireless internet or
WIFI available.

History
3. The first 3G networks began in Korea and Japan during 2000 and 2001,
according to the International Telecommunications Union.

Benefits
4. 3G cell phones often allow faster connections to the Internet than connecting
to Wifi. Many 3G cell phones allow you to download media or files while text
messaging or talking on your phone.

Considerations
5. 3G technology is not available in every area. Before purchasing a 3G cell
phone, ensure that your provider's network extends to places where you live,
work and frequently travel.

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What Is a 3G SIM Card?
By Jonathan Langdon, eHow Contributor
updated: July 3, 2010

A SIM card from a cell phone

A 3G SIM card has data that allows a 3G cell phone access to a 3G network. If the cell
phone is incapable of accessing a 3G network, the 3G SIM card still functions as a
regular SIM card. The difference between a 3G SIM card and a regular SIM card is data
and a special label.

Subscriber Identity Module

1. A subscriber identity module (SIM) card is used to store customer-specific
information in a cell phone. Security codes, contact lists and network information
are stored in the SIM and can be moved from one cell phone to another. The
cards come in three sizes. The standard size is 86 by 54mm, mini is 25 by 15mm
and micro is 15 by 12mm. Each SIM has a unique ID number that ties it to the
owner.

3G Cellular Standard
2. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) established the cellular
standard for the third generation of mobile communications in the year 2000
under the brand IMT-2000. A 3G (third generation) capable device accesses the
radio spectrum between 400 MHz and 3 GHz and has data transmission speeds
of 2 Mbits per second at walking pace and 348 kbits per second in moving
vehicles. The 3G standard is compatible with multiple radio access protocols
used by cell phone service carriers.

Access Technologies
3. The 3G standard functions with Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA),
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Code Division Multiple Access
(CDMA) protocols. FDMA is an analog system where each user is assigned a
frequency channel that is closed to other calls until the connection is closed.
TDMA splits frequencies into time slots to allow multiple users to share the same
 channel with a base station switching users at intervals. CDMA allows users
access to all channels at once with unique codes to tell other users apart.

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3G Technology
As the telecommunication industry moves forward, the International Telecommunication
Union (ITU) has proposed 3G telecommunication standards to ensure the cost-effective
availability of high-bandwidth, high-quality, wireless multimedia applications and the mobile
communications. Based on the International Telecommunication Union, 3G is a third
generation mobile phone technology and it is also referred UMTS (Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System). 3G offers more great features, services and more capacity to
the mobile phone operators. Today, approximately 200 3G networks are operating in more
than 40 countries of the world and there are millions of the 3G subscribers in the world.

The most significant features of the 3G technology is that is supports greater voice and data
capacity and higher data transfer rate at the lowest cost both in the rural and urban areas. 3G
uses the radio spectrum, which allows the transmission of 384 kb/s for the mobile systems
and the 2mb/s for the stationary systems. Today more telecommunication networks in the
world are being upgraded to the 3G technologies because of its greater features, scalability,
higher voice and data transfer rates and better performance than the 2G technologies.

In Japan, 3G was first introduced nationwide and now many telecommunication networks in
the different countries of the world are now being shifted to the 3G technologies. 3G mobile
phones are lightweight and they can operate both on the 2G and 3G technologies such as
WCDMA and GSM. 3G has made it possible to make the telecommunication networks more
power, efficient and capable of providing the excellent voice, video and data transmission
speed. The two primary technologies of the 3G are cdma2000 and wideband CDMA (or W-
CDMA).

Bandwidth Specifications

• 2 Mbps for the fixed or low mobility environments

• 144 kbps in higher mobility environments
• 384 kbps in the moderate mobility environments

There is a separate technology known as EDGE, which provides the path to the GSM and
TDMA. It provides a maximum bandwidth of 384 kbps across the eight time slots. Second
generation digital technologies are based on the CDMA, GSM, and TDMA. They enable the
telecommunication providers to provide the value added services to the subscribers. GSM
operates at three different frequencies 900 MHz in Europe, 1800 in Europe and Asia and
1900 in USA and Canada. 3G communications involve the network infrastructures, base
stations, routers, switches and other equipments, which allows the mobiles to offer higher
speed internet access, and video, voice and data communications with the transmission speed
up to 2 mbps. Along with the great benefits of the third generation technology it has some
limitations and issues, which are described below.

• Lack of coverage
• High power usage
• Expenses of 3G mobile phone
• Differences in the likening terms.

As the 3G technology grows and adopted by the large number of telecommunication

operates, these issues will most likely to be resolved.

What is 3G?
last updated: November 18, 2001

A radio communications technology that will create a "bit pipe" for providing mobile access
to internet-based services. It will enhance and extend mobility in many areas of our lives.

In the near future, mobility won't be an add-on: it will become a fundamental aspect of many
services. We'll expect high-speed access to the internet, entertainment, information and
electronic commerce (e-commerce) services wherever we are - not just at our desktop
computers, home PCs or television sets.

3G services will add an invaluable mobile dimension to services that are already becoming
an integral part of modern business life: Internet and Intranet access, video-conferencing, and
interactive application sharing.

2.5G Wireless 3G Wireless

2G Wireless
The best technology Combines a mobile
The technology of now widely available phone, laptop PC
most current digital and TV
mobile phones Features includes:
- Phone calls/fax Features includes:
Features includes: - Voice mail - Phone calls/fax
- Phone calls -Send/receive large - Global roaming
- Voice mail email messages - Send/receive large
- Receive simple - Web browsings email messages
email messages - Navigation/maps - High-speed Web
- New updates Navigation/maps
Speed: 10kb/sec Videoconferencing
Speed: 64-144kb/sec - TV streaming
Time to download a - Electronic agenda
3min MP3 song: Time to download a meeting reminder.
31-41 min 3min MP3 song:
 6-9min Speed: 144kb/sec-
2mb/sec

Time to download a
3min MP3 song:
11sec-1.5min
source: Newsweek

We are not just talking about "road warriors" who spend their entire lives travelling. It's more
a question of supporting new, flexible working practices where employees need access to a
wide range of information and services via their corporate intranets, whether they are at their
own desk or anywhere else.

Employees who spend some of their working at home. Accountants that carry out audits at
client premises. On-site maintenance engineers who need access to detailed instruction
manuals, mobile emergency services who need a video link with a hospital or doctor for
specialised advice. These are a few situations where 3G will play a valuable role.

3G System Capabilities

Capability to support circuit and packet data at high bit

rates:

- 144 kilobits/second or higher in high mobility (vehicular)

traffic
- 384 kilobits/second for pedestrian traffic
- 2 Megabits/second or higher for indoor traffic
Interoperability and roaming

Common billing/user profiles:

- Sharing of usage/rate information between service providers

- Standardized call detail recording
- Standardized user profiles
Capability to determine geographic position of mobiles and
report it to both the network and the mobile terminal

Support of multimedia services/capabilities:

- Fixed and variable rate bit traffic Bandwidth on demand

- Asymmetric data rates in the forward and reverse links
- Multimedia mail store and forward
- Broadband access up to 2 Megabits/second

Key features of 3G systems are a high degree of commonality of

design worldwide, compatibility of services, use of small pocket
terminals with worldwide roaming capability, Internet and other
multimedia applications, and a wide range of services and
terminals. According to the International Telecommunication
 Union (ITU) International Mobile Telecommunications 2000
initiative ("IMT-2000") third generation mobile ("3G") system
services are scheduled to be initiated around the year 2000,
subject to market considerations. The above Table describes
some of the key service attributes and capabilities expected of
3G systems:

We're likely to see 3G services enter our day -to-day lives in all sorts of new ways: for
example, in shopping, especially Internet "mail order" (e-commerce), banking, or playing
interactive computer games over the Net.

We'll think nothing of sitting on a train and using a mobile palmtop with Internet browser to
log into our bank accounts. While on-line we'll be able to check our accounts, pay a few bills
and click on a screen icon to immediately set up a video-conference to discuss our account
with a bank clerk.

On vacation, we'll be able to use our mobile palmtops to obtain local tour guides, make a
last-minute reservation at a hotel, find and call the nearest taxi firm, and send video
postcards. We'll expect location-independent mobile access to a personalised set of services
that matches the way we live and work.

Increasingly, machine-to-machine communications will also be enabled and enhanced with

future mobile network technology. Domestic appliances will have built-in radio modems to
provide remote control and diagnostics. Our refrigerators will have built-in sensors that
detect which items need restocking and automatically send a reminder message to our
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs). We could even get the refrigerator to send an order
direct to our local store. Likewise, vending machines will be able to tell the warehouse when
they need restocking.[1]

http://www.3gnewsroom.com/html/what_is_3g/index.shtml

3G History and Background

3G has dominated the modern world in just a few years. Although the technology is relatively new, there are
already so many devices taking advantage of the functions. You can use it regardless of location, so work and
leisure becomes more efficient. You have to know a little about 3G history to know how unique it is compared
to other updates in the past. Here are some details and applications of the technology.

Defining 3G

3G is also called third generation. It is named as such because it is the third generation of the standards of
telecommunication hardware. It is also the general technology for mobile networking, passing the recent 2.5G.
The technology is founded on the ITU or International Telecommunication Union group of standards which
belongs to the IMT-2000.

3G networks allow network operators to provide users a bigger range of the latest services, as it gets bigger
network capacity via heightened spectral efficiency. The included services are video calls, wide-area wireless
voice telephone and broadband wireless information, all included within the mobile environment. More features
included are HSPA data transmission capacities that can send data rates reaching 14.4 Mbit/s on the downlink
and the uplink at 5.8 Mbit/s.

Networks

Different to the IEEE 802.11 networks, that are usually known as WLAN or Wi-Fi networks, the 3G networks
cover a very wide area of cellular telephone networks that turn into incorporate high-speed internet connection
and video telephony. IEEE 802.11 networks have a short range, with high-bandwidth networks mainly created
and improved for data and information.

History and Start

The first 3G network offered for commercial use was launched in Japan by NTT DoCoMo. The network had the
brand name FOMA and was introduced in May 2001 on a W-CDMA technology pre-release. The initial
commercial launch of 3G was also done by NTT DoCoMo in Japan. This happened on October 1, 2001,
although the technology was still very limited in terms of scope at the beginning. The broad availability, due to
inadequate reliability had to be delayed.

SK Telecom from South Korea was the second network that was released commercially live. This was on the
1xEV-DO technology dated January 2002. In May 2002, the second 3G network from South Korea was on EV-
DO by KTF, posing Koreans as the first to view the competition of all 3G operators.

Isle of Man by Manx Telcom was the first pre-commercial network released from Europe. At that time, the
operator went by the name British Telecom. Telenor opened the first commercial network in Europe for
business in December 2001. There were no commercial handsets, however, so there was also zero clients. These
were on the W-CDMA technology.

The United States

The first 3G network in the United States that was released commercially was by Monet Mobile Networks. This
was on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology. Later on, the network provider had to shut down operations.
Verizon Wireless released the second 3G network operator in the United States in October 2003.

This was on CDMA2000 EV-DO, with a strongly growing network since. More and more countries adopted the
changing technology and incorporated the use of 3G with mobile phones and handsets. Today, 3G is a very
common feature among modern models and designs, with more innovations and heightened efficiency being
introduced every year.[2]

[2] http://www.dciexpo.com/3g/3g-history-and-background.php

3G Uses and Features

3G was successfully launched and introduced to millions of consumers all over the globe. However,
there are still some features and uses that are still questioned by many. Knowing the effects and
details will help you take advantage of aspects like price, functions and accessibility. Here are some
more information regarding the full uses of 3G technology.

Some Concerns

Some of the concerns between users and consumers are the pricey fees of input given for the 3G
service agreements and service licenses. Expense of 3G phones are also currently on the rise, as more
and more people are becoming aware of the advantages in terms of speed and connectivity. There is a
big amount of debt at present sustained by various telecommunication companies, making it a very
huge challenge to create the important infrastructure for 3G technology. There are also several
differences in the terms of the license.

There may also be lack of member state support for financially challenged operators. There can be
inadequate buy-in by 2G mobile users for the new services of 3G wireless. The prices of 3G mobile
services in various nations can be very high, which includes access to the internet. There is also
inadequacy of users required for 3G voice and data services in a handset or mobile device.

More Uses

3G is the most recent wireless technology available, although there are now plans immediately of
using 4G. The technology is also popular as UMTS or Universal Mobile Telecommunications
System, which is a progress over 2G or second generation. This provides wireless access to
information and data to consumers from all areas of the world and at different times and dates.

This is the latest mobile technology and is described as a generic name for mobile technology host.
3G cellular phones are the very first released in Japan in October 2001. The 3G phone was created
and designed for users to have the ability to surf the internet, watch movies, download songs and
videos and view pictures of other individuals that they are in contact with.

Some Benefits

You can perform all the functions in a 3G phone, as you would normally do with your current mobile
device. The speed, efficiency and connectivity will be better than before, however. 3G technology
offers you faster connectivity, music entertainment with the best quality and faster internet access.
The advantages are so many so you can easily get other benefits like quick and easy video calling,
video call facility, clearer communication experiences and faster speeds when the two parties are
using 3G technology.

Accessibility

Because of easy and fast accessibility, you get to enjoy data transmission speed up to a maximum of 2
Mbps, if the individual is using the cellular phone on stationary phone. This also gives bigger and
faster data transfer rates of increased networking and connectivity. On top of it all, you get to enjoy
noise resistance.

The technology has increased bit rate that allows service providers to give high speed internet
facilities, host of the multimedia applications to customers and heightened call volumes. The prices of
units will differ, depending on the features and service provider. When you are in a moving vehicle,
expect to have slower speeds than usual.

There are also greater potentials for the uses of 3G. These are still currently being worked on by
professionals.[2]

Advantages of 3G
3G has provided a new way of life among mobile phone and handset users. Consumers are quickly
getting on the bandwagon and investing in 3G-powered devices and tools. 3G can change the way you
look at network, with the various features and effects. You can get ahead and take advantage of the
highest details and gadgets by understanding the functions and uses of the system, as well as the
available networks. Here are more details.

The Functions

People can perform a lot of functions such as sending information and data and acquiring these via
wireless access. You get to have data regardless of the time and location. 3G is the latest mobile
technology and is now the fastest growing host among mobile units and handsets. 3G provides you
with the highest speed possible, compared to other technologies before it.

You get to have faster connectivity, music entertainment with better quality and faster access to the
internet. The advantages are very side. You can also avail of the benefits of video calling because of
the faster speed. You get to enjoy calls to family and friends all over the world with video call facility.
The quality and clarity are enhanced, with the facility enjoyable as long as the two parties are using
the 3G technology.

Using the Technology

People can use their handsets and let it function as a modem for their computer to mail and send
necessary documents. Downloading songs and games will be much faster compared to older
technologies. People can also enjoy and download their favorite games via their mobile units and play
simultaneously. The latest music videos and songs can be acquired very easily. The technology also
allows very quick downloads, so you need only a few minutes to download albums and movie clips.

Getting Information

Getting information is one of the best features of 3G technology. You can also watch the latest news
and headlines, getting data like the weather, sports and economic details. You get to acquire the latest
scores in an ongoing baseball match and other favorite sports. The 3G cellular phones with the very
advanced feature can feature highlights of popular sports and shows. The improved quality of services
and speed of 3G phones can allow you to watch music videos and movie clips with crisp and clear
photos, compared to 2.5G technology phones.

Higher Speed

With 3G technology, you get to enjoy data transmission speed leading up to 2Mbps, considering that
you have a phone in stationary mode. It also gives you high degree of connectivity and higher
networking, plus resistance to noise.

The technology has enhanced the bit rate, allowing service providers to give high speed internet
facilities, higher call volumes and host of the multimedia applications that can be given to the
customers. All the services can be given to the customers based on the data quantity transmitted and
not on the time used for the service. The services rendered to clients are cheaper overall.

On Price

Despite the new speeds and features of 3G technology, the prices of handsets and mobile units are
relatively the same. The most recent models, however, may be priced higher compared to those
featuring 2.5G. You can avail of discounts and other promos by visiting web sites and other private
sellers on the market. [2]

An Introduction to 3G Technology
3G services for mobile devices have been introduced by various handset creators and cellular carriers.
The companies, however, are not very good at explaining the exact details, except for a given few.
There seems to be a missing link between the current standard from previous services provided by
2.5G or 2G technology. Knowing the types and details will help you pick the right tools for your
personal use or business. Here are some features.

About 3G
3G cellular technology is defined as the provision of wireless broadband data and information
services right to a person's mobile unit. Compared to the previous technologies, 3G promises speeds
ranging from 144 Kbps, which is 3 times faster compared to the traditional 56K dial-up modem
connection up to 2.4 Mbps, which is very near cable-modem speed. The networks of 3G allows you to
browse quickly through web pages, watch on-demand video programs, download and play music,
videos and 3D games, watch streaming videos and music videos and have a video conference with
others located on the other side of the plant.

More Developments

The HSDPA is a new technology, which may also be called 3.5G, coming very soon. This offers
fasters speeds of up to 7.2 Mbps and also promises the likes of 14.4 Mbps very soon. The interface is
very much different on a cellular phone, but other experiences like downloading, streaming, web
browsing and sending messages and email can be very comparable to a computer broadband
connection.

As of the present, there are 3 big carriers that introduced and launched 3G services. There is also a
wide array of 3G-enabled handsets now. In early 2005, Verizon Wireless first marketed the devices.
Sprint and Cingular followed soon after. Cingular is now known as AT&T. T-Mobile is also joining
the pack as it introduces its new 3G network in 2008.

The Accesses

Currently, 3G technology is the most recent in mobile communications. 3G is the shorter term for
third generation, making analogue cellular technology generation one and digital/PCS generation two.
The 3G technology is planned and devised for the real multimedia cellular phone, also known as
smart phones. These tools feature higher bandwidths and transfer rates to cater to web-based
applications and phone-based video and audio data files.

The most common include CDMA2000, which is based on code division multiple access, TD-
SCDMA, which stands for Time-division Synchronous Code-division Multiple Access and WCDMA
or UMTS which stands for Wideband Code Division Multiple Access.

The Networks

3G networks have the capability of transferring speeds up to 3 Mbps which is equivalent to around 15
seconds for every download of a 3-minute MP3 song. To compare, the speediest 3G cellular phones
can move speeds up to 144 Kbps, which is equivalent to around 8 minutes to download a 3-minute
MP3 song. The high data rates of 3G are recommended when downloading or acquiring information
online, as well as sending and receiving huge multimedia files.

3G phones are comparable to small laptops that can cater to several broadband applications like
browsing the internet, receiving streaming videos online, video conferencing and sending and
receiving faxes. The soaring towers are among the most important element of the group, allowing the
data to be transferred from one hone to another. 3G basically is a cellular phone network protocol.

You can get more info about smartphones by visiting the manufacturer web site. [2]

Compatibility Discussions with 3G

3G technology is the most recent released for mobile phones. More and more individuals all over the
globe are converting to the new platforms because of faster connectivity, easier accessibility and
better performance overall. You can enjoy faster downloads and viewing for music and videos, play
3D games and do video conferences with others. Here are more details about the compatibility among
networks and how well you can get ahead.

Compatibility with Other Networks

UMTS networks can be managed and operated using GPRS or GSM networks. The systems will
apply a number of frequency bands, so that mobiles and BTSs will not interfere with one another.
Some vendors will claim their core network as UMTS compatible, such as RNC, BSC, MSC, SGSN
and HLR, although several operators will choose to create an entirely independent and unique UMTS
network. A number of the most recent GSM BTSs can also have parts of the UMTS radio and share a
single rack.

The UMTS specifications are created, leaving maximum compatibility between UMTS and GSM
systems. During the late 2002, there are also multi and dual band phones that can be applied in UMTS
and GSM networks. Over time, the phones will have the capacity to do handovers from one network
to another.

The Transition

There may not be a transition time from UMTS up to the current system, since the systems of GSM
will continue to function constantly in the next 10 years. A number of 1G networks are actually still
functional and running until this time in some areas of the world. The only limitations for operators
are the terms of the GSM license and the personal preferences of clients. The networks of UMTS will
be given as an addition to the mobile platform.

Licensing and Status

Most GSM operators failed or missed to obtain a UMTS license, such as Denmark, France and the
United Kingdom. These are not totally counted out. Current operators have big assets, a huge
customer base, retail network, BTS site locations, image, transmission systems and several others.
These give them the advantage of making deals with license holders of 3G technology. Some of the
best examples are Telia with Tele2 in Sweden and Hutchison 3G in the UK.

In the United States, a number of operators have chosen CDMAOne, CDMA2000 1x EV-DO,
CDMA2000 and CDMA2000 3X. Others have even chosen GSM1900, EDGE or D-AMPD-EDGE.
There are new cellular frequencies allocations that may have been delayed or postponed, leading
operators to use the current frequencies that naturally stop the available capacity at a certain point.

Other Details

The TD-SCDMA 3G system has been constantly tested in China. There is license allocation and the
possibility to adapt to other 3G technologies. When 3G licenses are given out or issued, the Beauty
Contest term may be used. This means that the government will require every applicant to give a plan
on how they intend to build a network and manage other business regarding 3G.

There are several aspects to consider when planning, such as asking how many jobs can be made, how
many domestic products are consumed, what kind of plan in terms of financing will lead to success,
what type of services can be availed of and how other less fortunate areas can also take advantage of
3G technology.[2]

Development from 2G to 3G
Nowadays, people all over the world can enjoy the benefits of 3G technology. Just a few years back,
2G was the norm, and before that, more "crude" processes of accessibility and the like. The networks
have evolved significantly, as the largest nations of the world work nonstop to continue to deliver the
best services to consumers. You can learn more about the process by checking how 2G technology
moved on to 3G. Here are the details.

The 2G Network

Initially, 2G networks were created mainly for slow transmission and voice data. Because of the quick
changes in the expectations of users, these no longer meet the requirements today in terms of wireless
connection. The movement and evolution from 2G to 3G technology can be divided into several
phases, namely GPRS, EDGE and pure 3G.

On GPRS

The first big step in the move to 3G happened through the launching and launching of General Packet
Radio Service or GPRS. The cellular services, mixed with GPRS resulted to 2.5G. GPRS was capable
of giving data rates ranging from 56 kbit/s up to a maximum of 114 kbit/s. This can be used for
services like WAP or Wireless Application Protocol access, MMS or Multimedia Messaging Service,
SMS or Short Message Service and internet communication services like World Wide Web access
and email.

The data transfer of GPRS is usually charged for each megabyte of traffic being transferred, while the
data communication via the usual circuit switching is charged by the minute of connection period,
regardless of whether the consumer actually used the capability or is just in idle mode.

GPRS is a top-effort packet switched service, compared to circuit switching, where there is a given
QoS or Quality of Service is certified during the connection for non-mobile users. It gives medium
speed data transfer, via the use of idle Time division multiple access or TDMA channels. Before,
there used to be some believe to stretch GPRS to take over other standards. Instead, the networks are
usually changed to use the standard of GSM, making GSM the new release. The original standard was
conducted by the ETSI or European Telecommunications Standards Institute, but is now the 3GPP or
3rd Generation Partnership Project.

The EDGE

The GPRS networks have changed significantly to EDGE networks, through the presentation of 8PSK
encoding. Enhanced information rates for EDGE or GSM Evolution, IMT Single Carrier or IMT-SC
and Enhanced GPRS is a reverse-compatible digital mobile phone technology, allowing improved
data transmission rates, as an extension over the standard GSM. EDGE can be counted as a 3G radio
technology, involved in ITU's 3G description, but is usually frequently referred to as 2.75G. EDGE
was launched on GSM networks, starting in 2003, by Cingular now at the start in the United States.

Standardization

3GPP standardized EDGE as it belonged in the GSM group. It is considered as an upgrade that gives
a potential 3-fold boost in the capacity of GPRS and GSM networks. The specification gets bigger
data rates by altering to very sophisticated processes of coding, particularly 8PSK, inside the GSM
timeslots. EDGE can be applied in various packet switched applications, like the internet, other
multimedia and video.

Pure 3G is the introduction of UMTS technology and networks from EDGE networks. As of the
present, more work on the development of the 4G is still underway.[2]
Getting to Know 3G Development
3G used to be a lot less powerful in terms of coverage and efficiency a few years back. Some of the
biggest nations of the world introduced and launched initial models, then continued to develop the
details to further cater to the needs of consumers all over the world. There are approximately 3 billion
mobile subscribers in the world, with 3G starting to take a big piece of the pie. Here are some more
information about the growth.

Spreading More

Turkey auctioned 4 IMT 2000/UMTS standard 3G licenses with 25, 35, 40 and 45 MHz top
frequencies in November 2009. With the 358-million euro offer by Turkcell, it has availed of the 45
MHz band, followed by Avea and Vodafone leasing the 35 and 40 MHz respectively for 2 decades.
The only one available for auction at present is the license for the 25 MHz top frequency.

A 3G video call created from Johannesburg, South Africa via the Vodacom network in November
2004 was the very first use of 3G technology in Africa. EMTEL in Mauritius launched the first
commercial 3G in Africa via the W-CDMA standard. In March 2006, a 3G service was given by the
emerging company Wana in North African Morocco. 3G HSDPA services was implemented by
Rogers Wireless in Eastern Canada as early as 2007 via Rogers Vision. Fido Solutions and Rogers
Wireless currently provides 3G service in several urban centers.

Rates of Data

The ITU has not yet given a concrete description of the data rate that consumers can get from 3G
providers or equipment and tools. The consumers who were given 3G service may not clearly point
out a suitable standard, indicating that the rate given are met adequately. In a commentary, it was
stated that the expectation for IMT-2000 will give higher rates of transmission, having a minimum
speed of 2Mbit/s and the highest at 14.4 Mbit/s for stationary consumers. 348 kbit/s can be expected
in a moving vehicle.

The ITU does not specifically indicates a minimum or average rates or the modes of the interfaces
that can be considered as 3G technology, so different rates are offered and sold as 3G, which are
expected to meet the expectations of consumers with broadband speed. Industry sources recommend
that 3G can give 384 kbit/s at or lower than pedestrian speeds, with only 128 kbit/s inside a moving
vehicle. Although EDGE is included in the 3G standard, a number of phones say that 3G network
availability and EDGE have separate functionality.

Standardizing the Network

The ITU or International Telecommuncation Union described the demands for 3G mobile networks,
using the IMT-2000 standard. The 3GPP or 3rd Generation Partnership Project is a group that
continues to work by describing a mobile system that meets the standard of IMT-2000. The system is
known as UMTS or Universal Mobile Telecommunications System.

There are 6 radio interfaces in IMT-2000 namely, W-CDMA or UMTS, CDMA2000, UWC which is
implemented frequently with EDGE, TD-CDMA/TD-SCDMA, DECT and Mobile WiMAX.

On Advantages
UMTS is based on layered services, apart from GSM. The top of the line is the services layer, which
gives quick deployment of services, plus a centralized place. At the center is the control layer, which
supports the upgrade of processes and provides the capability of the network to be allocated in a
dynamic manner.

At the bottom line is the connectivity layer, wherein any type of transmission technology can be
applied, with the voice traffic transfering over IP/RTP and ATM/AAL2.

Plus and Minuses of 3G Technology

3G technology has taken the world by storm, with more and more users converting into the new
platforms and systems that promise faster downloads, more efficient communication processes and
better online experiences. You can get ahead by knowing the possible opportunities and pitfalls as
well. Some people successfully make the transition from 2G to 3G, while others just prefer more
traditional methods. Here are some starter tips.

New Technologies

3G technology is the latest one that offers faster data transfers through people's cellular phones. 3G
stands for third generation mobile telephone communication systems technology. People will be able
to receive and transmit data at a rate of 2 Megabits for every second. 3G cellular phones are also
capable of having conventional fax, data and voice services, plus multimedia and high-resolution
video services that can be used, while you are mobile. Other mobile office services are included such
as online-billing, online banking, access to the internet, online entertainment and video conferencing.

This type of mobile telephone technology significantly improves the means of communication for
millions of individuals all over the globe. They can also discover new functions and uses for their
cellular phones for both work and personal use.

More Benefits

One of the more known advantages of 3G technology, is that it allows your phone's capacity to view
television shows through your cellular phone. You can also experience video conversations with other
individuals, regardless of the time and place, who are also investing in 3G technology.

3G phones have become one of the most powerful devices available. People get to conduct video
conferencing if ever their flight gets delayed or they have other location problems. Some of the other
useful applications of 3G phones include positioning services, map services and multiplayer gaming,
which appeals to both teenagers and kids.

Getting More

The 3G technology allows cellular phones to be capable of work regardless of the owner's location
and the time, because of the several available applications. You can instantly simply tasks and
scheduled activities, such as shopping, so that you can order items that need to be restocked. You can
require and order goods over the internet, and have them ready for pickup to help you save more time
and energy.

You can also balance checks and pay your bills and debts, by simply logging on to your bank account
via the 3G gadgets you have. You can book dinners and hotel reservations in advance, in other cities
and countries. 3G technology also gives you enough time and space to work to optimum levels.
Teleconferencing is among the most excellent applications for 3G technology at work.

Changes and Enhancements

Despite the fact that 3G technology provide new changes and advanced methods in
telecommunication, there are a number of things that may make the technology consequential. These
new 3G cellular phones are actually a lot pricier, compared to traditional models. People can also do
video conferences only with other 3G subscribers. There are several enhancements to features and
applications, which is why you should consider the kinds of work you plan to do, to determine if the
technology is the best one for your needs.

Newer technologies are also in the works, such as 4G and 3.5G. You can choose to wait for these, or
describe the new changes as worthy of your hard-earned cash.

The Evolution of 3G
3G is beginning to be standardized because more and more users want to know whether their
connectivity is within optimal range. Various tools and options are being featured by various
manufacturers all over the world. Perhaps in a few years, individuals will get to experience higher
capacities and better efficiency in the form of 4G. Here are some more details about the
standardization and what other nations have been up to lately.

The Progression

The standardization of 3G evolution is improving in both the 3GPP2 and 3GPP. The related
specifications of 3GPP2 and 3GPP developments are known as UMB and LTE, respectively.
Qualcomm has cancelled developments on UMB in November 2008. 3G evolution applies a part that
goes further than 3G technologies to boost the performance and functions, as well as create a
smoother migration path for users.

There are various ways from 2G to 3G. The main path begins in Europe from GSM once GPRS is
added to a given system. From a given point, it is possible to be directed to the UMTS system. The
system evolution in North America will begin from TDMA or Time division multiple access, change
to EDGE or Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution or EDGE, then finally to UMTS.

The Others

A couple of 3G standards are being used and applied in Japan namely W-CDMA done by NTT
DoCoMo. This is FOMA, which is attuned to UMTS, and Softbank Mobile which uses UMTS.
CDMA2000, is used by KDDI. The transition for marketing reasons to 3G was finalized in Japan in
2006. 3G, when first introduced in the form of UMTS and HSDPA technology was managed by
SETAR in the Caribbean, particularly Aruba in December 2007. The network's implementation phase
was brought out by Alcatel-Lucent. SETAR also implemented a 3G network founded on CDMA 1X
EV-DO dated April 2007.

The Networks

Broadband internet is not the only one that can be exploited using multi-megabits speeds. VOIP and
video calling can also be done. HSDPA or high speed data packet access has capacities of taking 14.4
Mbit/s downstream, which is faster compared to majority of the standard lines. This is still faster
compared to cities belonging to advanced and well-developed places. The capabilities of 5.8 Mbit/s
uplink is above 10 times better than standard ADSL. It is also 7 times faster compared to the number
one cable provider, Virgin Media.

Growing Networks

At present, there are about 400 3G and HSDPA networks all over the globe in one-fourth of the
nations in the world. The migration of worldwide subscribers to 3G has already exceeded 15%, not to
mention more than 35% among nations where 3G has been launched by the end of 2008. Several
operators have launched fixed rate data plans and low cost plans for 3G information use, leading to
the increase in usage and reduced costs.

During the launch of 3.5G HSDPA, the technology is given as a movable broadband modem link for
both laptop and desktop users. These are priced at the low end for consumer affordability. 3G data can
be quite pricey when roaming, with the average cost for every megabyte priced at around 10 dollars.

It will be very difficult to us several megabytes because of the undeveloped speeds that several
networks give. You should assess and compare prices from different network providers first.[2]