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Number System
CAT 1998
1. n3 is odd. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true?
I. n is odd. II. n2 is odd. III. n2 is even.
a. I only b. II only c. I and II d. I and III
3. Five-digit numbers are formed using only 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 exactly once. What is the difference between
the maximum and minimum number that can be formed?
a. 19800 b. 41976 c. 32976 d. None of these
4. A certain number, when divided by 899, leaves a remainder 63. Find the remainder when the same
number is divided by 29.
a. 5 b. 4 c. 1 d. Cannot be determined
5. A is the set of positive integers such that when divided by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 leaves the remainders 1, 2, 3,
4, 5 respectively. How many integers between 0 and 100 belong to set A?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. None of these
6. How many five-digit numbers can be formed using the digits 2, 3, 8, 7, 5 exactly once such that the
number is divisible by 125?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 4 d. 3
8. A number is formed by writing first 54 natural numbers in front of each other as 12345678910111213
... Find the remainder when this number is divided by 8.
a. 1 b. 7 c. 2 d. 0
CAT 1999
9. Let a, b, c be distinct digits. Consider a two-digit number ‘ab’ and a three-digit number ‘ccb’, both
defined under the usual decimal number system, if (ab)2 = ccb > 300, then the value of b is
a. 1 b. 0 c. 5 d. 6
12. For two positive integers a and b define the function h(a,b) as the greatest common factor (G.C.F) of
a, b. Let A be a set of n positive integers. G(A), the G.C.F of the elements of set A is computed by
repeatedly using the function h. The minimum number of times h is required to be used to compute
G is
1
a. n b. (n – 1) c. n d. None of these
2
15. Elements of S1 are in ascending order, and those of S2 are in descending order. a24 and a25 are
interchanged. Then which of the following statements is true?
a. S1 continues to be in ascending order.
b. S2 continues to be in descending order.
c. S1 continues to be in ascending order and S2 in descending order.
d. None of the above
16. Every element of S1 is made greater than or equal to every element of S2 by adding to each element
of S1 an integer x. Then x cannot be less than
a. 210
b. the smallest value of S2
c. the largest value of S2
d. (G – L)
17. Let D be a recurring decimal of the form D = 0. a1 a2 a1 a2 a1 a2 ..., where digits a1 and a2 lie between
0 and 9. Further, at most one of them is zero. Which of the following numbers necessarily produces
an integer, when multiplied by D?
a. 18 b. 108 c. 198 d. 288
18. Consider a sequence of seven consecutive integers. The average of the first five integers is n. The
average of all the seven integers is
a. n b. n + 1
2
c. k × n, where k is a function of n d. n +
7
20. Let x, y and z be distinct integers, that are odd and positive. Which one of the following statements
cannot be true?
a. xyz2 is odd b. (x – y)2 z is even
2
c. (x + y – z) (x + y) is even d. (x – y)(y + z)(x + y – z) is odd
21. Let S be the set of prime numbers greater than or equal to 2 and less than 100. Multiply all elements
of S. With how many consecutive zeros will the product end?
a. 1 b. 4 c. 5 d. 10
22. What is the number of distinct triangles with integral valued sides and perimeter 14?
a. 6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3
23. Let N = 1421 × 1423 × 1425. What is the remainder when N is divided by 12?
a. 0 b. 9 c. 3 d. 6
24. The integers 34041 and 32506, when divided by a three-digit integer n, leave the same remainder.
What is the value of n?
a. 289 b. 367 c. 453 d. 307
28. Convert the number 1982 from base 10 to base 12. The result is
a. 1182 b. 1912 c. 1192 d. 1292
CAT 2001
29. Let x, y and z be distinct integers. x and y are odd and positive, and z is even and positive. Which
one of the following statements cannot be true?
a. y(x – z)2 is even b. y2(x – z) is odd c. y(x – z) is odd d. z(x – y)2 is even
30. In a four-digit number, the sum of the first 2 digits is equal to that of the last 2 digits. The sum of the
first and last digits is equal to the third digit. Finally, the sum of the second and fourth digits is twice
the sum of the other 2 digits. What is the third digit of the number?
a. 5 b. 8 c. 1 d. 4
31. Anita had to do a multiplication. In stead of taking 35 as one of the multipliers, she took 53. As a
result, the product went up by 540. What is the new product?
a. 1050 b. 540 c. 1440 d. 1590
32. x and y are real numbers satisfying the conditions 2 < x < 3 and – 8 < y < –7. Which of the following
expressions will have the least value?
a. x2y b. xy2 c. 5xy d. None of these
33. In a number system the product of 44 and 11 is 3414. The number 3111 of this system, when
converted to the decimal number system, becomes
a. 406 b. 1086 c. 213 d. 691
34. All the page numbers from a book are added, beginning at page 1. However, one page number was
added twice by mistake. The sum obtained was 1000. Which page number was added twice?
a. 44 b. 45 c. 10 d. 12
35. If a, b, c and d are four positive real numbers such that abcd = 1, what is the minimum value of
(1 + a)(1 + b)(1 + c)(1 + d)?
a. 4 b. 1 c. 16 d. 18
36. A set of consecutive positive integers beginning with 1 is written on the blackboard. A student came
7
along and erased one number. The average of the remaining numbers is 35 . What was the
17
number erased?
a. 7 b. 8 c. 9 d. None of these
38. In some code, letters a, b, c, d and e represent numbers 2, 4, 5, 6 and 10. We just do not know
which letter represents which number. Consider the following relationships:
I. a + c = e, II. b – d = d and III. e + a = b
Which of the following statements is true?
a. b = 4, d = 2 b. a = 4, e = 6 c. b = 6, e = 2 d. a = 4, c = 6
39. Let n be the number of different five-digit numbers, divisible by 4 with the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, no
digit being repeated in the numbers. What is the value of n?
a. 144 b. 168 c. 192 d. None of these
CAT 2002
40. If there are 10 positive real numbers n1 < n2 < n3 ... < n10 , how many triplets of these numbers
(n1, n2 ,n3 ), (n2 , n3 ,n4 ), ... can be generated such that in each triplet the first number is always
less than the second number, and the second number is always less than the third number?
a. 45 b. 90 c. 120 d. 180
41. Number S is obtained by squaring the sum of digits of a two-digit number D. If difference between
S and D is 27, then the two-digit number D is
a. 24 b. 54 c. 34 d. 45
42. A rich merchant had collected many gold coins. He did not want anybody to know about him. One
day, his wife asked, " How many gold coins do we have?" After a brief pause, he replied, "Well! if I
divide the coins into two unequal numbers, then 48 times the difference between the two numbers
equals the difference between the squares of the two numbers." The wife looked puzzled. Can you
help the merchant's wife by finding out how many gold coins the merchant has?
a. 96 b. 53 c. 43 d. None of these
43. A child was asked to add first few natural numbers (i.e. 1 + 2 + 3 + …) so long his patience
permitted. As he stopped, he gave the sum as 575. When the teacher declared the result wrong, the
child discovered he had missed one number in the sequence during addition. The number he missed
was
a. less than 10 b. 10 c. 15 d. more than 15
45. At a bookstore, ‘MODERN BOOK STORE’ is flashed using neon lights. The words are individually
1 1 1
flashed at the intervals of 2 s, 4 s and 5 s respectively, and each word is put off after a second.
2 4 8
The least time after which the full name of the bookstore can be read again is
a. 49.5 s b. 73.5 s c. 1744.5 s d. 855 s
47. After the division of a number successively by 3, 4 and 7, the remainders obtained are 2, 1 and 4
respectively. What will be the remainder if 84 divides the same number?
a. 80 b. 75 c. 41 d. 53
48. If u, v, w and m are natural numbers such that um + vm = w m , then which one of the following is
true?
a. m ≥ min(u, v, w) b. m ≥ max(u, v, w)
c. m < min(u, v, w) d. None of these
50. How many numbers greater than 0 and less than a million can be formed with the digits 0, 7
and 8?
a. 486 b. 1,084 c. 728 d. None of these
51. How many even integers n, where 100 ≤ n ≤ 200 , are divisible neither by seven nor by nine?
a. 40 b. 37 c. 39 d. 38
52. A positive whole number M less than 100 is represented in base 2 notation, base 3 notation, and
base 5 notation. It is found that in all three cases the last digit is 1, while in exactly two out of the
three cases the leading digit is 1. Then M equals
a. 31 b. 63 c. 75 d. 91
Directions for question 53: Each question is followed by two statements, A and B. Answer each
question using the following instructions.
Choose (a) if the question can be answered by one of the statements alone but not by the other.
Choose (b) if the question can be answered by using either statement alone.
Choose (c) if the question can be answered by using both the statements together, but cannot be answered
by using either statement alone.
Choose (d) if the question cannot be answered even by using both the statements together.
54. How many three digit positive integers, with digits x, y and z in the hundred's, ten's and unit's place
respectively, exist such that x < y, z < y and x ≠ 0 ?
a. 245 b. 285 c. 240 d. 320
56. The number of positive integers n in the range 12 ≤ n ≤ 40 such that the product (n − 1)(n − 2)K 3.2.1
is not divisible by n is
a. 5 b. 7 c. 13 d. 14
Directions for questions 57 to 59: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.
The seven basic symbols in a certain numeral system and their respective values are as follows:
I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1000
In general, the symbols in the numeral system are read from left to right, starting with the symbol
representing the largest value; the same symbol cannot occur continuously more than three times; the
value of the numeral is the sum of the values of the symbols. For example, XXVII = 10 + 10 + 5 + 1 + 1
= 27. An exception to the left-to-right reading occurs when a symbol is followed immediately by a
symbol of greater value; then the smaller value is subtracted from the larger.
For example, XLVI = (50 – 10) + 5 + 1 = 46.
60. What is the sum of all two-digit numbers that give a remainder of 3 when they are divided by 7?
a. 666 b. 676 c. 683 d. 77
61. An intelligence agency forms a code of two distinct digits selected from 0, 1, 2, …, 9 such that the
first digit of the code is non-zero. The code, handwritten on a slip, can however potentially create
confusion when read upside down — for example, the code 91 may appear as 16. How many codes
are there for which no such confusion can arise?
a. 80 b. 78 c. 71 d. 69
63. Let n (>1) be a composite integer such that n is not an integer. Consider the following statements:
A: n has a perfect integer-valued divisor which is greater than 1 and less than n
B: n has a perfect integer-valued divisor which is greater than n but less than n
a. Both A and B are false b. A is true but B is false
c. A is false but B is true d. Both A and B are true
65. Let a, b, c, d and e be integers such that a = 6b = 12c, and 2b = 9d = 12 e. Then which of the
following pairs contains a number that is not an integer?
a b a c a bd a c
a. , b. , c. , d. ,
27 e 36 e 12 18 6 d
CAT 2004
66. On January 1, 2004 two new societies s1 and s2 are formed, each n numbers. On the first day of
each subsequent month, s1 adds b members while s2 multiplies its current numbers by a constant
factor r. Both the societies have the same number of members on July 2, 2004. If b = 10.5n, what is
the value of r?
a. 2.0 b. 1.9 c. 1.8 d. 1.7
67. Suppose n is an integer such that the sum of digits on n is 2, and 1010 < n 10n. The number of
different values of n is
a. 11 b. 10 c. 9 d. 8
1
68. Let y =
1
2+
1
3+
1
2+
3 + ...
What is the value of y?
11 + 3 11 − 3 15 + 3 15 − 3
a. b. c. d.
2 2 2 2
CAT 2005
3065 – 2965
70. If R = , then
3064 + 2964
a. 0 < R ≤ 0.1 b. 0 < R ≤ 0.5 c. 0.5 < R ≤ 0.1 d.R > 1.0
75. For a positive integer n, let pn denote the product of the digits of n and sn denote the sum of the
digits of n. The number of integers between 10 and 1000 for which pn + sn = n is
a.81 b. 16 c. 18 d. 9
76. Let S be a set of positive integers such that every element n of S satisfies the conditions
(a) 1000 ≤ n ≤ 1200
(b) every digit in n is odd
Then how many elements of S are divisible by 3?
a. 9 b. 10 c. 11 d. 12
CAT 2006
77. If x = – 0.5, then which of the following has the smallest value?
1 1 1 1
1. 2. 3. 4. 2X 5.
2x x x 2 −x
1 1 1 1 1
78. Which among 2 , 3 , , 6 and is the largest?
2 3 44 6 1212
79. A group of 630 children is arranged in rows for a group photograph session. Each row contains three
fewer children than the row in front of it. What number of rows is not possible?
1. 3 2. 4 3. 5 4. 6 5. 7
80. The sum of four consecutive two-digit odd numbers, when divided by 10, becomes a perfect square.
Which of the following can possibly be one of these four numbers?
1. 21 2. 25 3. 41 4. 67 5. 73
81. When you reverse the digits of the number 13, the number increases by 18. How many other two-
digit numbers increase by 18 when their digits are reversed?
1. 5 2. 6 3. 7 4. 8 5. 10
21. a There is only one 5 and one 2 in the set of prime 30. a Let the four-digit number be abcd.
numbers. Hence, there would be only one zero at the a+b=c+d ... (i)
end of the resultant product. b + d = 2(a + c) ... (ii)
a+d=c ... (iii)
22. c If the sides of the triangle are a, b and c, then From (i) and (iii), b = 2d
a + b > c. Given a + b + c = 14. From (i) and (ii), 3b = 4c + d
Then the sides can be (4, 4, 6), (5, 5, 4), (6, 5, 3) ⇒ 3(2d) = 4c + d
and (6, 6, 2). Hence, four triangles are possible. ⇒ 5d = 4c
5
23. c N = 1421 × 1423 × 1425. When divided by 12, it shall ⇒ c= d
4
(1416 + 5 ) × (1416 + 7 ) × (1416 + 9 )
look like . Now d can be 4 or 8.
12 But if d = 8, then c = 10 not possible.
Now the remainder will be governed by the term So d = 4 which gives c = 5.
5 × 7 × 9, which when divided by 12 leaves the
remainder 3. 31. d Let the number be x.
Increase in product = 53x – 35x = 18x
24. d Let r be the remainder. Then 34041 – r and 32506 – r ⇒ 18x = 540 ⇒ x = 30
are perfectly divisible by n. Hence, their difference Hence new product = 53 × 30 = 1590.
should also be divisible by the same.
(34041 – r) – (32506 – r) = 1535, which is divisible by 32. c The value of y would be negative and the value of x
only 307. would be positive from the inequalities given in the
question.
25. a Each term has to be either 1 or –1. Therefore, from (a), y becomes positive. The value of
Hence, if the sum of n such terms is 0, then n is even. xy2 would be positive and will not be the minimum.
From (b) and (c), x2y and 5xy would give negative
values but we do not know which would be the
minimum.
∑i + x = 1000
= 24 × 8 = 192.
Let page number x be repeated. Then
i =1
CAT 2002
n(n + 1)
+ x = 1000 40. c Total possible arrangements = 10 × 9 × 8
2 Now 3 numbers can be arranged among themselves
n(n + 1) in 3! ways = 6 ways
Thus, ≤ 1000 gives n = 44 Given condition is satisfied by only 1 out of 6 ways.
2 Hence, the required number of arrangements
n(n + 1) 10 × 9 × 8
Since = 990 (for n = 44). = = 120
2 6
Hence x = 10.
41. b Check choices
35. c Take a = b = c = d = 1. Choice (b) 54 ⇒ S = (5 + 4)2 = 81
⇒ D – S = 81 – 54 = 27. Hence, the number = 54
36. a Let the highest number be n and x be the number
erased. 42. d Let the number of gold coins = x + y
n(n + 1) 48(x – y) = X2 – Y2
–x 48(x – y) = (x – y)(x + y) ⇒ x + y = 48
2 7 602 .
Then = 35 = Hence the correct choice would be none of these.
(n – 1) 17 17
Hence, n = 69 and x = 7 satisfy the above conditions.
n2 + n
43. d 575 = –x
37. d a = b2 – b, b ≥ 4 2
a2 – 2a = (b2 – b)2 – 2(b2 – b)
= (b2 – b)(b2 – b – 2) 1150 = n2 + n – 2x
Using different values to b ≥ 4 and we find that it is n(n + 1) ≥ 1150
divisible by 15, 20, 24.
Hence all of these is the right answer. n2 + n ≥ 1150
The smallest value for it is n = 34.
38. b From II, b = 2d For n = 34
Hence, b = 10, d = 5 or b = 4, d = 2 40 = 2x ⇒ x = 20
From III, e + a = 10 or e + a = 4
From I, a + c = e or e – a = c
(2 )
64
From III and I, we get 2e = 10 + c or 2e = 4 + c 44. a 4
= (17 – 1)64 = 17n + (−1)64 = 17n + 1
c
⇒ e=5+ ... (i) Hence, remainder = 1
2
45. b Because each word is lit for a second,
c
or e = 2 + ... (ii)
2 5 17 41 7 21 49
LCM + 1, + 1, + 1 = LCM , ,
From (i), we can take c = 2, 4, 6, 10. 2 4 8 2 4 8
For c = 2, e = 6
LCM(7, 21, 49) 49 × 3
c = 4, e = 7 (Not possible) = = 73.5 s
HCF ( 2, 4, 8) 2
44 68. d y=
1
=4 1
6 2+
3+ y
Hence, any power of 4 when divided by 6 leaves a
remainder of 4. 3+y
⇒y=
7 + 2y
63. d Let n = 6
Therefore, n = 6 ≈ 2.4 ⇒ 2y 2 + 6y – 3 = 0
Therefore, divisors of 6 are 1, 2, 3. –6 ± 36 + 24
⇒y=
If we take 2 as divisor, then n > 2 >1. 4
Statement A is true.
–6 ± 60 –3 ± 15
If we take 3 as divisor, then 6 > 3 > 2.4, i.e. n > 3 > n. = =
4 2
Therefore, statement B is true.
Since 'y' is a +ve number, therefore:
64. a As any prime number greater than 3 can be expressed
in the form 6n ± 1 , minimum difference between three 15 –3
y= ans.
consecutive prime numbers will be 2 and 4. The values 2
that satisfy the given conditions are only 3, 5 and 7,
i.e. only one set is possible.
69. c 1523 = (19 – 4)23 = 19x + (–4)23 where x is a natural
65. d a = 6b = 12c and 2b = 9d = 12e. number.
Dividing the first equations by 12 and second by 36,
2323 = (19 + 4)23 = 19y + (4)23 where y is a natural
a b c b d e
we get = = and = = number.
12 2 1 18 4 3
1523 + 2323 = 19 ( x + y ) + 423 + (–4)23
a b c b d e
i.e. = = and = = = 19 ( x +y)
108 18 9 18 4 3
a b c d e
∴ = = = =
108 18 9 4 3 CAT 2005
∴ a : b : c : d : e = 108 : 18 : 9 : 4 : 3.
c 9 3065 – 29 65
∴ = is not an integer. 70. d >1
d 4 3064 + 2964
as 3065 – 2965 > 3064 + 2964
CAT 2004 3064 (30 – 1) > 2964 (29 + 1)
3064 × 29 > 2964 × 30
66. a There will be an increase of 6 times. 3063 > 2963
No. of members s1 will be in A.P. Hence option d.
On July 2nd , 2004, s1 will have n + 6 b members
= n + 6 × 10.5 n 71. a x = 163 + 173 + 183 + 193 is even number
= 64n Therefore 2 divides x.
No. of members in s2 will be in G.P a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 – ab – b2)
On July 2nd, 2004 Number of members in s2 ⇒ a + b always divides
= nr6 Therefore 163 + 193 is divisible by 35
They are equal, Hence 64 n = nr6 183 + 173 is divisible by 35
Hence x is divisible by 70.
⇒ 64 = r 6 ⇒ r = 2
Hence option a.
−1
77. 2 Go by option, put x =
2
−2 1
(1) 2 =
4
1 1
(2) ⇒ = −2
x −1/ 2
1 1
⇒ =4
(3) x 2
( −1/ 2 )2