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Part I: Definition and History

 The vernier caliper is used to gain an additional digit
of accuracy in length measurements compared to a
simple ruler.
 A convenient tool to use when measuring the length
of an object, the outer diameter of a round or
cylindrical object, the inner diameter of a pipe, and
the depth of a hole.

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 A vernier caliper consists of an L-shaped member with a scale
engraved on the long shank . A sliding member is free to move on
the bar and carries a jaw that matches the arm of the L. The
vernier scale is engraved on a small plate that is attached to the
sliding member.
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A common tool used in laboratories and industries to
accurately determine the fraction part of the least count
division.

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 The concept of vernier scale was invented by
Portuguese mathematician, Pedro Nunes. Hence
vernier scale is also called as nonius at some parts
of the world.
 In its current form vernier caliper was introduced
in 1631 by Pierre Vernier of France

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Part II: Types of Vernier Caliper

 Basic / Standard Vernier Caliper

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 Digital Vernier Caliper

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 Dial Vernier Caliper

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Part III: Parts and Definition

Fixed Jaw
• Non-movable part of the vernier
caliper
• Keeps work piece in place and
stable for accurate measurement

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Movable Jaw
• Consists of Vernier Scale
(Nonius) for Imperial and Metric
Reading
• Serve as a marker for identifying
objects measurement
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Movable Jaw
• Consists of Vernier Scale
(Nonius) for Imperial and Metric
Reading
• Serve as a marker for identifying
objects measurement
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Outside Jaws
• Use for Measuring external
lengths of an object

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Thumb Lever
• Use to adjust the movable jaw to
close the caliper touching the
Workpiece

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Main Beam / Bar
• A Fixed Ruler
• Where the Main scale (Metric
and English) is engraved

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Vernier Scale
• Use to indicate fractional
divisions of the main scale

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 Depth Measuring Blade
• used to measure depths of an
object or a hole

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Locking Screw
• Use to lock movable jaw to
allow easy transferring of a
measurement

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 Locking Screw
Vernier Scale

Main Beam / Bar

Depth Measuring Blade
Movable Jaw

Fixed Jaw

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Part II: Uses of Vernier Caliper

 Workpiece  The upper set of jaws on the
caliper can be used to measure
inside dimensions, such as the
diameter of holes on a piece
of wood or metal.
 Can also be used to measure
inside dimension of holes with
different shapes, e.g. square,
rectangular, cylindrical, or
hexagonal. Lastly, the upper
Inside Jaw
jaws can be used to measure
the distance between 2 objects.

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  Outside dimensions include
the outer diameter of a
cylinder and total length of an
object.
 The outer diameter of
cylindrical objects can be
measured by simply clamping
the lower jaws of the caliper
around the object.
 The caliper can also measure
the length or width of an
Workpiece Outside Jaw object by placing the object
between the caliper’s jaws.

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  The Vernier caliper has a
depth probe on the rear part.
This probe can be extended
from the edge of the hole to
the other end of the hole.
With the depth probe, one
can measure the precise
Depth
Measuring
depth of a hole in any piece
Blade of wood or metal.

Workpiece
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1. Store calipers in separate containers provided.
2. Keep graduations and markings on all calipers
clean and legible.
3. Do not drop any caliper. Small nicks or scratches
can cause inaccurate measurements.
4. Protect caliper points from damage.

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 Being true, correct and exact

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 The ability of a measurement to be
consistently reproduced

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