By :

Rashi Agarwal
In geometry, a frustum (plural: frusta or frustums) is
the portion of a solid (normally a cone or pyramid)
that lies between two parallel planes cutting it.
VOLUME OF A FRUSTUM OF A CONE = 1/3 πh(r2+r2+r1r2)

CURVED SURFACE AREA OF FRUSTUM OF A CONE = πl[r1+r2]

TOTAL SURFACE AREA OF FRUSTUM OF A CONE = πl(r1 + r2) + π(r12 + r22)

 
Where :

l=
l = slant height of the frustum
h = vertical height of the frustum
r1 & r2 are radii of the two bases of the frustum
IN A RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE WHICH IS SLICED THROUGH BY A
PLANE PARALLEL TO ITS BASE WHEN THE SMALLER CONICAL
PORTION IS REMOVED. THE RESULTING SOLID IS CALLED A
FRUSTUM OF A RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE

P
A B

O
 Q. Radii of the ends of the frustum of a cone 45 cm high are 28
E cm 7 cm and l is 66.20. Find its volume, TSA, CSA ?
A P B
X Ans.
Given r1 = 28 cm
A r2 = 7 cm
h=45 cm Q
M c
h1=45+h2 D
P
Since 2 triangle OPB and OQD are similar therefore
L
H1/h2 =28/7=4/1 O
E
Vol. of the frustum = vol. of cone OAB – vol. of cone OCD

=1/3*22/7*282*60-1/3*22/7*7*15 cm3

=48510 cm3
 Curved surface area (CSA) = πl[r1+r2]
E
=22/7*(28)*(66.20)-(22/7)*(7)*(16.55)
X
=5461.5 cm2
A
TOTAL SURFACE AREA (TSA)= πl(r1 + r2) + π(r12 + r22)
M

P =5461.5+22/7*(28)2 +22/7*(7)2 cm2

=5461.5+2464+154 cm2
L =8079.5 cm2

E
Conversion of
solid from one
shape to
another
 Q. A cone of height 24cm and radius of base 6cm is made up of
E modeling clay. A child reshapes it in the form of a sphere. Find
the radius of the sphere.
X

A
Ans.
M Vol. of cone = 1/3*22/7*6*6*24 cm3
if r is the radius of the sphere then its vol. is 4/3*22/7*r3
P there fore
4/3*22/7*r3 = 1/3*22/7*6*6*24
L r =6

E
 A copper rod of diameter 1 cm and length 8 cm is drawn into a wire
of length 18 cm of uniform thickness . Find the thickness?
E

X
Ans.
A Vol. of rod = 22/7*1/2*1/2*8 cm3 =2*22/7 cm3
if r is the radius of cross section of the wire, its vol =22/7*r2
M * 1800 cm3
therefore
P 22/7*r2 *1800 = 2*22/7
r =1/30
L

E
E A hemispherical tank full of water is emptied by a pipe at the ratio of
25/7 litres per second. How much time it will take to empty ½ the
X tank if it is 3 m in diameter.

M Ans.
Radius = 3/2 m
P Vol. = 2/3*22/7*(3/2)3 =99/14 m3
Vol. of water to emptied = ½*(99/14)=99000/28 L
L Since 25/7 liter of water is emptied in 1 sec,
99000/28 L of water will be emptied in (99000/28)*(7/25) sec
E
EXAMPLES OF CONVERSIONS :