c

Dedication
c
To my dearest parents, my family,
friends and respected teachers who motivated,
supported and encouraged me in every aspect of my life.
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c

i stract
c
c


c 


ccc 
cc 
c
 
cc c
 c
ccc
  
c c  
c c  c c   c 

 
c c c c   
c c
c
c cc c

c cc c c 

cc  c
 c
cc
 c

  c c 
c c c 

 
c c  
c 
c c c  c
c

c

c c
c c c
cc
  c c
cccc

 c c c c c c
 
c 
c 
c  
c 

 c 
c
c
c c  c  c

c

 c cc
c c
c 
  c c
c 
c  c 
c 
c c  c c c c  

c c 
c

c cc c c
c c
cc 

 c !"c
c c
c cc ccc c c
c
cc
cc

 c c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
Ta le of Content
icknowledgements
i reviations
Executive summary

CHi
TER 1 #
c$
Introduction to the Report
%%c c

cc c c c c c c c c %&
%&c# ccc c c c c c c c c %&c
%'c( c)
c c c c c c c c %&c
%'%c# c  c c c c c c c c %'c c
%'&c
 c  c c c c c c c c %'c
%*ccc c c c c c c c c c %'c
%+c)ccc c c c c c c c c c %'c
%,c- 
ccc cc c c c c c c c %'c
%.ccc c c c c c c c c c %*c

Chapter # 2
Introduction to Banking & BankIslami:
&%c c/
c
 
c c c c c c c c %,c
&%%c


c
 c
c# 
c c c c c c %,c
&%&c/cc# 
0c


c
 cc c c c %.c
&%'c


c- c
c# 
c c c c c c c %.c
&%*c c
cc# 
c12
 c
3c c c c c %4c
&&c
c
c# 
cc c c c c c c %4c
&&%c/

c
c c c c c c %4c
&&&c# c
c c c c c c c %4c
&&'c5

c
c c c c c c c %6c
&'c
 
ccc
  c c c c c c c &7c
&'%c  cc
  8c c c c c c &7c
&'&c2
c 
c c c c c c &7c
&''c
  c  cc c c c c c &7c
&'*c9c
  c c c c c c &%c
&'+c 
cc c
cc# 
c c c c &'c
&',c
 c# c!

cc
  c c c c &'c
&'.c$c:;

c
&*c<
c c c c c c c c c c &*c
&+c)
c c c c c c c c c c &*c
&,c2c<  c c c c c c c c c &*c
Chapter #3

roduct, Services & departments
'%c
 
cc c c c c c c c c &4c
'&c= 
c c c c c c c c c '7c
'&%c! 
c= 
>cc c c c c c '7c
'&%%c$  ccccc c c c c c '7c
'&%&c?
cc
c c c c c c '*c
'&%'# cc 
c


c c c c c '+c
'&&c (
c= 
c c c c c c '.c
'&'cccc2 c= 
cc c c c c c c '4c
'&'%c?
cc@ c c c c c c '6c
'&*c2c= 
c c c c c c c *7c
'&*%c)    c5



cc c c c c c *7c
'&*&c)    c5



cc c c c c c *7c
'&*'c 

c2  c5

cc c c c c *7c
'&**c#Ac5



cc c c c c c *&c
'&+c2
 c


cc c c c c c c *&c
'&+%c!

c


c c c c c c c *&c
'&+&c
c
c"
c5
cc c c c c *'c
'&+'c")cc=c2 cc c c c c c *'c
'&+*cc")c c c c c c *'c
'&++c-c c c c c c c **c

Chapter #4
inalysis
*%c5

 c
 
>c c c c c c c c *,c
c c c c c c c c c c c c
*&c
ccc(c c c c c c c c *.c
*&%c 5

 c 
c
cc c c c c *.c
*&%%c2
cc
c c c c c c *.c
*&%%%c< c
cc 
ccc c c +7c
*&%%&c< c
cc
c 
c c c +&c
*&%%'c9
 c
cc 
cc c c c +&c
*&%%*c9
 c
cc
c 
c c c +'c
c
*'c5

 c( c
c c c c c c c c +*c
*'%c# c( c c c c c c c c +*c
*'%%c/c#c) 

c c c c c c +*c
*'%&c$c#c) 

c c c c c c ++c
*'%'c( 
c
cc c c c c c ++c
*'%*c( 
c
c:@ c c c c c c ++c
*'%+c: 


cc c c c c c c ++c
 *'%,c! 

ccc
c c c c c c +,c
*'*.c=cc:@ c( c c c c c c +,c
*'*4c=c( c c c c c c c +,c
c
c
c
**&c:
c( cc c c c c c c +.c
**&%c
c
ccccccccccccc c c c +.c
**&&c#ccccc c c c c c +.c
**&'c 
ccc c c c c c +.c
**&*c 
cc
c c c c c c +.c
**&+c:cc
c c c c c c +4c
**',c" c
cc c=c( c c c c +4c
**'.c" c 
cc ccc c c c +4c
**'4c5;ccc" cc c c c c +4c
c
**c !"c
c c c c c c c c c +6c
c c **%c

ccc c c c c c c ,6c
c c **&c  
cc c c c c c c ,7c
c c **'c!
c c c c c c c ,%c
c c ***c" c c c c c c c c ,&ccc

Chapter # 5
+%c2!$2-B !$c c c c c c c c c ,'c
+&c(:2!)):$=" !$c c c c c c c c ,*c
c




c c c c c c c c c c ,,c

LIST OF TiBLES
" c*%c5

 c
 
c c c c c c c c *+c
" c*&c#cCc
c c c c c c c c *+c
" c*'c5



c c c c c c c c c *,c
" c**c2
cc< c
cc 
ccc c c +7c
" c*+c2
cc< c
cc
c 
c c c c +%c
" c*,c2
cc9
 c
cc 
cc c c c +&c
" c*.c2
cc9
 c
cc
c 
c c c +'c
c
5
c&%c!

 
c  c c c c c c c &.c

5
c'%cc
 c
c!

 
c2 cc c c c &4c
c
c
c
c
c
c
icknowledgement
c
5c c c c c c 
 c c c 
c  c c
c c  
c
c  
c c
cc c
c
c  c c c ;c c 
c
  c c 
c  
c
c  c 
c c
c  c )c D  c @ c c c    c 


c   c c
c 

 c


 

c
cc
ccc
c
c 
c  c c c
c  
c c c )c )   c 5  c )

c c

  c  c 
c c c c 
 c c c  c c c 
  c  c

ccc

 cc
c

c 

cc

ccc
c
c c
cc c c 
c
c ccc;
cc  c c
cc



c 

c

c
cc
c
5
c cc cc  
ccc c 
c
c  c cc c
c

ccccc c cc
c c ccccc

c

c c
c 
cc



c
cc ccc
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
i reviations
 i&IG :c  cCc

c/ c
c
cccciTM :   c"c) 
c

DD :c =
c= c

EV
: :; c<c
c

F.I :c 5

 c
 c

GO
:c /

c!c# 
c

I.T :c
 
c"

c
c
IBR :c
c
c(
 
c
c
J/V :c 
c<
 c

MT :c ) c
cc

NB
:c $ 
c
cc# 
c

c
NCB :c $ 
c2 c
c
c
NIT :c $ 
c

c" c

ROi :c ( 
c!
cc

c
ROE :c ( 
c!
c:@ c

SiM :c  cc)


c
c
ccccSB
:c  c
cc# 
c
c
SEV
: 
 :; c<c
c

SWOT :c 

c  
c!
c c

TT :c "
 c"
c

USi :c B
c cc c

WTO :c c" c!

 
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c

Executive Summaryc



c  c  c 
c c  
c c c 
c c c c   
c c  
c

 
c c c c
c  c @ 
c c

c 

c c c  
c
 c 
c c c c   c  
c c @ 
c c c 
c c )c "c
Acc cc
 cc;
ccc

cc 


c
c
c

c 
c c c 
 
c c  c
c c c  c 
 
c c c c
 

cc cccc c
cccc c c

c

"c 
c  c c  c 
 
c c c 

 
c c  c  

c c c
 c 
c 

c  c c  Ac  
c 
c c c
c  c  c c 


c c c
2 c c c c 
c 


c c  cc =c c c 
c c
"c

 
c  cc
  ccc  c

 c

c c cc

cc c

"cc ccc Ac
cccc"c  cc
c

 c


c
c c c c c 

c c 
  c  c 
c
c c  c 

c
 c c  
c 
c c 
c
c c 

c c
c
 c c 
c
c
 c cc
c 
ccc

 c  c c c c c
c  c c  c  c 
c c @ c c c c c
 cc c
8c"
c
c 
c 
cccc 
c

cc
c
c c  c c  c 
c 
c 
c c  

c  c c  c 
c c
 c

"c  c  c c c c c c
c c c
c c 


c  c c 
c
5

 c 
c
c
c !"c
ccc

 
c c
c cc c c cc
c c 


cc 
cc 

 c 

c 

c
c  
c c c c 
c  c
 c c 
c "c 


c  c 
c c  c  c
c  c c
  c
cc  

c
cc   c
cc
"c
ccccc  c
 
c
c
 
c

c
Chapter # 1
Introduction to study:

1.1 Back ground of studies

c ccc c c
cc)c1) c 
c
 
3ccc 
c
c@ cc
c
c4ccc

cc
c

 
c"c

ccccc
 cc @ 


cc 
ccc cc

ccc
cc 
c

 
c"ccc  c
c  c
c  c c c
c&77*c
c
c

c c c;
c c
c

cc  c
ccc
c cc
c
 ccccc c

1.2
urpose of the studies

"c  
c c c  c 
c 
c c 
c 
c 
 
c c c 

c
c
c
  c

%c "c c
c
c 
c c 
c   c 
c
c 
c c  c


c

&c "cc  c
c
c

 
c

'c "cc

c
 
c

*c "c c c
c 
 c
c  c @ 
c c c  
c c c

c
+c "c c;
cc  c

ccccc
,c "c
cc cccc
c 

cc

c

1.3 Research Methodology

"ccc c
ccc
c

c
 c
c
c  cA c
c
"c 
c c c 
c c   c c  c c c c 
 c   c "c


c  c c 
 
c c c 
c  
c c 

c c  c
c  

c
 
c c c 5 c 

c 
c
c  
c c c c 
c c

c
1.3.1
rimary data:

c #
c 
c

c
cc c

c  c c

c
c
c
c

c  c ccc

1.3.2 Secondary data:

c )
cc

c  
cc

c )

c

c 

cc

1.4 Scope of studies

c
c 

c 
c 
c  c c  
c  c c c  c  c  c 
c

 c



c c
c
ccc
cc
c  c"c 
c
 c
c
c
cc c;
c

c;

c
c 
c
 c
c cc cc
c c c cc
ccc

1.5 Merits of the study

"c c c 
 c c c c 

c  
c  c c c 
 
c c c

 
c  cc

c 
cc
  cc
c
c c

cc c
;
cccc
cc  c 
c

1.6 Limitation of the study

"c c c
c 
 
c c c  c
c 
c  c c  c
c  c  c c  
c
 
c)ccc  c cc

 c cc

 c
c 0cc c
c c
 
c c c c c
c cccc 
ccc

cc
c;cc 0cc  
0cc ccc c c c
c c=ccc
cc
 c cc
 
c@ cc
"ccc
0c
 c c
ccc
  c c cc cc

 c
 cc
c
cc
  c
c cc
c c

1.7 Scheme of study

"cccc
cc,c c2 c%c cc
 
c cc

 c 

cc c cc ccc c
cc c
&
c c cc
 
cc
cc
 c  
cc


c!

c
c


c


c
c

c
c
cc


c
c# 
c9cc

c  c
 
cc$ 
c
cc
cc# c
c# cc
cc

c c&777c
c
c 2 E'cc ccF=:#("):$"" !$Gcc
 cc=c
 
c c 
c
c 
c 

c 
c 
c 
c
 
c
c5

c;

c 
c
c
c 2 c*cc ccH5

 c
0cc
 c( c
c
c c !"c

c
c
c 2 c+c
cc2 c
c
 
c
c
 
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
Chapter # 2
Introduction to Banking & BankIslami:

2.1 Introduction


c cc
cc
cc
cccc

c"c

ccc
cc
c ccc

ccc


cc
c
c c
c
c c c
cc;

c
c
 c c
cc ccccc 
c
c
c c c 
c 
c )
c 
c c c  c c c  
c c c
 ccc
c

"c cccc
ccc
 

cc cc 

c 

ccc
ccc
c  

c c c 

c  c 
c c   c c c  c
c 
c

c c   c 
c c c c 
c cc 
  c
  c  

c
c

cc
c
ccc ccc cc
c 
c" c
c
c
c  c 
c

c c c
c 
c 
c c  c c 

 
c c  c 
c c 
c
c c
 c

c c   c c c 
c  c  
c c
c c c 

c 
c  c c
 

cccc
c ccc cc

c
c cc
c
c 
cc
 cc c
c c
cA cc c c
cc
c  c
cc  cc
ccccc
ccc

c cccc
c  
cc

cc 
c
c
c
 c cccc
ccc
c

c
c c

c cc ccc
c

cc
ccc
  cccc
  cccccc

-
c cccc
cc c
c

ccc cc
 c 
c

cc
cc 
c ccc c@ c
c c)
c c

cc


c 
c c
cc
c cc
 
c c
c
 c
"c c cc c ccc
cc c
cc
c

c
2.1.1 Banking Industry in
akistan



cc
ccc c


c
 c ccc
cccc
c 
c c
ccc
c c c 
cc 
cc
cc c
c
c# 
c c
c
;
c
c c 
ccc ccc

 c c
c ccc c
c
c


c c cc c
c   ccc
c
c)cc c c
c  c 
c
c c  c c 
 
c "c  c 


c c  c c c

 c
cc cc
cc;
c
 ccc c c
"c


cc c c


cc
c c
 cccc
c
c
c
c
 
c
c  c
c
c c

 c
c cc 
c
c 

c  
c
c  
c c  c 

c c c c   

c c  c c
 

c c c 
c c  c  c c c c c c c  c

c c
c
  
cc c c cc
cc
c
 cc
c
c
  cAc
c
   c 
c c c 
c c 
Ec c 
c c c  c 
c

c cc
cc
cc c
c
ccc
c
# 
c 
c  
c 1#3c 
c c # 
c 


c
 c : c 
c
%6+'c c  
c Ac c c 
c c c c c 


c 
 c
c c  c

c
cc
c
c
cccc
# 
c  c c Ec 


c c c 
c c c c  c c 
 
c




c c
 c 
cc c 
c
cc c

cc cc c
@ 
cccc"c
c c c
cc


c
c
c
%6*.c  c 
c 

c
c 
c c c c  c c %6.7c c @ c c
 

ccc


cc

2.1.2 Growth of
akistan¶s Banking Industry

# 
c c c

c
c
c
cc
c cc


c
 c
c# 
c c
c

c c  c 
c c c 
c c 
 c 


c 
 c  c
c 
c


c

ccc
 cc
c
c c c cc
c


c
c
cc
c
/cc):0c
c# 
cc
 

c cc c c):0c
 c67Icc 
c

c # 
c ):0c 
c c 


c 

cc # 
0c 
c 
c c c   c

c
c

 
c
cc 
c cc
"c 
c c 

c Ec c&&c&77,ccc 
c c  c;
cc (&6*6c

c c

cc(''&*c
c
cc cccc c c"cccc c
c 
 c  
 c c
c c &7&c Ic1('*+%c 
3c  

c  Ec &&c &77,c
 c c c
c c &4Ic c ('+.*c 
c
c c  
c  c  c  
c 
c
  
c
 cc%',Ic

c c cc%.Ic

c
cc"  cc c c
c(%7+4c
c
c c(,444c
c#
cc=c cc c

c

c c
 

c c cc c  c=c
c c.'7%c
c5

c
c
c %7+c 
c 
c  c &77+c 

c 


c
c c 
c   c  c 
c  c c
#c
"c c  c 5

c  
c 
c
c 

c 

 c 
 c c E

c

 
c"cc c cccccc


cc"c 

c 

cc


 c c c 


c c ;

c 
c  c c 
c ( c c c "c
 c 2 c c # 
c  c

c c c
c c c c  
c 
c '7c &77%c c


c c 
 
c 

c c  c 2
A

c 1  3c
c &77.c 
c

c cc c c 
cc
 

c


cc"c
cc



ccc cc
c
c
c 

ccc c cc c
 cccc

2.1.3 Banking Law in
akistan

c 
c c

c c 
c  c
cc c

c
cc


c

c%6,&c

c 
c c  c 
c c # 
c "c 

c
c c Fc 


c 
c


c %6,&Gc 

c -< c c %6,&1.c 
c %6,&3c "c 

c  c 

c c

 c
c 
cc c 

cc


c
c

2.1.4 State Bank of
akistan (Central Bank)

"c


c
 cc c
cccc
 c
cc# 
cc cc c
c
c
c c
c
cc ccc
c c cc
c c
ccc c
 c
 
c
c cc
c c

cc
ccc c
c c1!#3c
 c 

c
 c  c c 
 c c c c 

c c c  

c c 
c  c

c 

c

c c
cc cc
c
c
0ccc c
c  cc
c
c
cc
cc 
c
 2.2 Banks in
akistan
"c cccc
c

c
c# 
c c
c /

c
c
c # c
c
cc
c 5

c
c
2.2.1 Government anks
"c c c %667c c c  
c 
c c c c   
c 
 
c
c
  

c 
c c c 


c 
 c
c 

 c 
 
c "c ) c
2 c
c cc c
cc c!
c
c

c cc   cc c
c  
c c c c c 
c c c 


c 
 c 
c Ec 

c
ccc


c2
c/

c
c
 c
c $" !$-c$?c!5c#? "$1$#3c
c 5 ("c !):$c$?c- ) ":=15 3c
c "9:c$?c!5c#B$1!#3c
c "9:c$?c!5c?9J:(c1?)3c
2.2.2
rivate Banks
"c/

cc# 
cc c cc
cc cc
 
c
c
  cccc 
c"c
c
 c
c -- :=c$?c
c # 2 2c2!)):( -c$?c- ) ":=cc
c )B- )c2!)):( -c$?c- ) ":=cc
c
c B$ ":=c$?c- ) ":=c
c $?c-E5-9c- ) ":=c
c B$ !$c$?c- ) ":=c
c ?( c2!)):( -c$?c- ) ":=c
c )Jc$?c- ) ":=cc
c B= c#?c$?c2!)):( -c- ) ":=cc
c B= c#?c$?c2!)):( -c- ) ":=cc
c $?c-c9 c- ) ":=c
c #( ):c2!)):( -c$?c- ) ":=cc
 c 5J-c$?c- ) ":=cc
2.2.3 Foreign Banks
= c c c c c # 
c /

c 
c 

c 
c c


c 
 
c
c
 c


c
cc 
c
c# 
c cc
c

c
c!#cc
c
c
# c


c c  cc
c

c cc c cc ccc c

c5

c
c
 c
c 2 " c$?c
c "(=(=c29(":=c$?c
c $c)(!c$?c
c 9!$/c?!$/c9$/9 c$? $/c2!(#!(" !$c1923c
c =B c -) 2c$?cc
c $ c$?cc
c c 

c 
c c c 
c c  c c 
c  c 
c c c 

c
c E
c
cccc
c 
cccc
c

c
c
 c

 
c
 c



c
cc
c
c 
c
cc
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c

c
c

2.3 Introduction to the BankIslami

c
2.3.1 What is BankIslami?
 c


c c
c
c c


c
c


cccc
c  ccc
 c
c

c
c 
ccc


c
c


c
cc


c c
c c 
c  c 
c c  c   c
c c 


c c c
c 
c



c c
cc


c
 
cc 
cc c
c  c


c
cc

 ccc;c
c
cc c
c c
 
cc
cc
  c   c  c c c c
 c  c
c   c c 
c 

c c

 c
cAcc
c  c
c

2.3.2 Competition Situation


  c c c 
c 
 c Ac c 'c
 c c %4.+Ic @ c  c
c  

c
@ cCc2c# 
c=2=c/ cB?cCc=  c
c ccc
c
cc
 cc
c c  c

cc
cc*77Ic 

c c
c c
c ccc
c c%77c!

c
c$ccc c
c&774c
"c  c  c c c c ;

c  
c  c 
c c  c 


c
 c )
c

c 
c,c  cc c=c&77.c
  c  c c c  cc 

 
c
c




c
c  c
c c 
c c  c
c c 
 

c c E)c ")c
 cc ccc
ccc

ccc cc
cc c
c
c c
c
cc cccc

2.3.3 BankIslami Idea

"c c  cc
  c c
 cc  

c@ c Cc2
c-c

c=2=c/ c
c c&77'c)c9 
cc
 c c 
c cccc
c

c ) c %,c &77*c c  c c  c 9c 
c c 
c  c c 
  c c

c 
c ) c &*c &77*c c  c  
c 
c  c 
c  c
c c  c
 
c  c  c c c  c 
c c # 
c 
c ) c &,c &77*c !
c c &,c
&77+c =  c 
c A
c c 
c
c  c 
c c c 


c  c c

  c c 


c %4.+Ic 
c c  c 2  c
c
c
2.3.4 History BankIslamic
c c   
c c 


c
c 

 c c c # 
c c  c 
c %6..E.4c
# 
c c 

ccc
c 
ccc c c
c

cc
c
c
c


c c


cc c cc c c c ccc
c
 c
c
c c"c   
c  c
 cc

cc
cc
c  
c c  c 

 c 
 
c 
 

c 952c 2#c
c $ "c 
c  c %6.6c

c  c c c  c 
c  

c 
c %64%c c 
c %64+c "c 
c  c c
# 
Kc

 c
c cc c 
c
c
c&,c%647ccc
cc c

c
Ec
 
cc c



c
c#  
c"c2 c1#"23c

c!

c c 
cc cc 
cc_
c
c
c 
c
c _
c  c c  

c c  c   c 

c c c  c 
c c



c2
c!

c%6,&c1"c2!c%6,&3c
c c cc
 c
cc

c 

c 
c #-c  E c 
c c  

c
c c   c
  c
Ec 
c  c  

c 
c c c

c  c 
c
c

c 

c 
c 1
c c !
3c 
c 
c %c %64%c c c c 
c c
c c
 

c c(


c

ccc
c
cc
 ccc

 c
 
cc/

cc 
c
cc cc c
cc 
c
c c  E c 
c   c c :;c c c c c  c 
c ;

c  c

 c  c
c) c%64%c



ccc
c

cc
c ccc
c(c
:;c 2 
c c # 
c 2
c :;c 2 
c
c c " 

c 2 
c c
# 
cccc E c c 
 c
 c 

cc c
cc
 c c

cc c
ccc

c

c#  
c"c2 c

c c ;
c 
c

c c
c  c c #"2c
c _
c
2 c5c c%c%64&c
cc ccc

cc

cc

c
  c
cc c
c
 c
c cc c
cc
@ cc_ c
c
ccc%c%64+c c

cc c
c
 

c
 c

ccc c
c
cc
cc
Ecc5c c%c%64+c c c


c
c# c( c c
 c 
Ec 5c  c  c
c 
c 
c # 
c  c c c c
c 
E
 

cc
c c;

cc
c c
cc ccc
cc ccc
c
c  

c =c 
c  
c 
c 

c c c c  c
c 
c c  c 
c
ccc c ccc 
c9c

c 
cc
c# 
c
c

E


c c 

c 
c 

c c c "c  c 
c c # 
c  c c %&c
cc

E
c



c c 
cc c 
c9c
c
c   c
 c c cc 



c c c c  c c cc   c 
c c c 
c
c c

c
c
"c  c c c 
c 
c # 
c 
c  c %c %64+c  c  
c 
c H E 0c

@ c c c  c H E c 


0c  c c  c
E  c c c
5 c   c 2 c 1523c 
c $c %66%c 9c  c c  c 
c c   c
 c
c13ccc c2 cc# 
c"ccc c A 

c
c
=c&'c%666cA

cc  c
c

c c c


c
c c c
c  c c 
c c 
c '7c &77%c
c c A 

c c 2 c 
 c  c c 
c


 c c  c c c  Ac c   c 

c c 

c c 
c 
c c c
  c c c c c /

cc c c 
c c c  c c 2
c
c "
 
c c c 

 c c
c c " c 5c c 
c
c 
c c
c c c 
 
cc
"c 2
c c "
 
c c 5

 c c 12"53c  c 
 c 
c 
c
&777c
cc c
cc# 
c
cc2 
cc)c c9
c cc/
c
 c
cc# 
cc" c5c cc c
cc)
cc5

cc

cc c
c
c
cc/

c

 c
 
c
c" c5c cc c
c
c )
c c - c c 

c 

c 
c 

c  c c 
c c 2 0c
 

c "c 2"5c 
 c c 2c c =
c c 5

 c
 
c
c

 c = 
c 
c c  c 
c c  c c

c
c 

 c

 
cc
cc


cc c
c c c c
c=c&77%cc 
cc E

c  c c
c
cc ccc)
c

c
ccc
c  c  c 


c 
c c #c 
c 
c &77&c
c c )
c 
c
-c 1)-3c 
c  E
c  c 


c  
c c ) c &7c &77&c
5 c c c 

ccc @ 
ccc/
 c# 
ccc)-cc
c
c c 
c &77&c c  c c
c c +c 
c c c c 
c c 
c
?  c
c
c    c
c
c
c- c"c)-c
c 
 
c c

cc 

ccLc

ccc 

cc%Lc cc2(c< c2c( 

c2c-c



c c

c
  c 
c
"c/

c c cc c
cc 
c

cc c
c
ccc



c c
c  


c c 
c    c c  c c c c


c 
c 
c c  c 
c c c  c  c 


c c c c c  
c



cc
2.3.5 iccreditation y State Bank of
akistan
"c c
cc# 
c c c$c!A
c2 c
c
cc
c
c%6c&77*c
c

  c# 
c-cc
c E
c  c2 c
c
c# 
c c

 c 
c =
  
c 
c # 
cc

  c# 
c-c ccc
cccc  c


c
c
cc
 c


ccc&77'c
c) c'%c&77+c"c
c

c 

c c
c
 c )


c c c c  c c  
c 
c 
c c rc 
c ( c



c c# c
c"c c 

2.3.6 Initial
u lic Offering of BankIslami


  c# 
c-c c c c

cc(c*77c)
c c cc,cc4c
) c"c ccc c cc c
c
cc c c
c# 
c"c
 c c


c 1 #!3c c 
  c c 

c 
c c c

 c  c c c
 
c c c 6c c 
c 
c c 

c
 c (c '+c 
c

c
c
cc(c*77c)
c

2.3.7 Network Expansion

"c  c 
c c # 
c  c 
  c # 
c -c c c  c 
c c
cc) c%.c&77,c
  c cc


c 
c
c.cc&77,ccc
c
c
c ":c?  ccc
cc&77,cc
c c%7c
c

c
c?  c
c

c
cM  c"c
c c

 c
c 

c c

c
c
ccc
cc
 c&77.cc
c
c
cc',c
c
c&'cc
c&774cc
c
c,,c
c

c

c c ;
c c
c c %7&c 
c 
c *6c c "c
c

  c c 

c c  

c c  c ;


c
c 
c # 
c c c c


ccc
cc
c  c
c
c# 
c
2.4 Vision:
"c<
cc
  cccc

c cc 

c 
c  c
c
2.5 Mission:
"c)
cc
  ccc c  cc c cc

c 
c  c
2
c
c 

 c 
c  c
c c c 
 c  c

>c
c  
c
 c

 
c
c B



c c
Kc
c
c 2
cc;
c
c
c 5 c
c
c ccc 
cc c


c
 
cc
 
c
c  c 
c c 
c  c  
c   c
c 
  c  
c c c


c
c c c c  

c
 

c
c 

c  
c 
c c

 
c
c
c
c  
2.6 Core Values:

  cc

cc ccc  c>
c # c 
cc
c 2 c cc
c ) cc
c

cc
c " ccc

c
c
c

]2.7 Structure of BankIslami:

Board of Directors
2c c1(3c) ccc c c c 2 
c
)cc/ c) c(
c
)cc) c: c c
)cc(  c@ c
)c9 
cc
 cc c c c c ccccccccccc2c:; c!c
)c) cNc
)c cc(
c
Sharia'h Supervisory Board
 c1(3c)   c" @cB
cc c c 2 
c
#c=c5  c( 
ccc c c c )c
) c  c cA cc c c c c )cCc  Kcc
iudit Committee
)cc) c: c c 2 
c
)cc(  c@ cc c c c c c )c
)c cc(
ccc c c c )c
Executive Committee
2c c1(3c) ccc c c c 2 
c
)cc/ c) c(
cc c c )c
)cc) c: c cc c c c )c
)c9 
cc
 cc c c c c c )c
Human Resource & Compensation Committee
)cc(  c@ cc c c c c cccccccccccc2 
c
)cc/ c) c(
cc c c )c
)cc) c: c cc c c c )c
)c9 
cc
 cc c c c c cccccccccccc)c

Chapter #3

RODUCT, SERVICES & DE
iRTMENT
3.1 Introduction

  c c
cc
c
c
c
cA cc c
  ccc
c
c cc 0c c  cc+cc,c cc"c

 
cc
  c c
cc c
c


cc ccc

c
c

cc")c"c


cc
c 
c c 
 c  
c  c c 
c c c c Ac c c


 
c 
  c c c   c c 
c  c c 
 c c  c  
c
c
c c

 ccc
cc
c

c c 

c c ;c c c 

c c 
c 
c  
c c c c c
  ccc
c
c cccccc c 

cc c c
: c 
c cc
c
c
c  ccc

 
c cc c

c c
 c 
c cc

 cccc
c

Figure 3.1 BiNKISLiMI BRiNCH ORGiNIZiTIONiL CHiRT



c
 Clearing Department

Remittances Department

=




iccount Opening


 

Cash


 

Bills


 

Manager
c c c ccccccccccccccccCoordination
c

c
c
c
c
c

3.2 DE
iRTMENTS:

  c c
cc
c
c 
c
c Credit Department
c Operations Department
c Consumer Banking.

a) Credit Department
"c 
c ccc 
ccc;
c
ccc
ccc c c
2c= 
cc c c2 c


c/ cc

c 
c c 
c c c 



c 
c c 
c "c c c 



c c  c

c  c c c 



c  c c )B?B$c c 



c  c  c A  E
c
c
c cccc

) Operations Department:
! 
c  
c c c 
  c c 
c c c  c  
c c c 
c
2 c c = 
c (
c = 
c 2 

c = 
c 
c
= 
cc cc
cc
c) Consumer Banking
2
 c 


c c c ) 

c = 
cc c 
  c c 
  c 
 c
c ccc"c ccc

c c c cc cccc
ccc
cccc
ccc c c c c c ccc
c

cccc
c

3.2.1 Operations Department:


  c 
c c c cc c
c 
c c
cc 
cc

cc  cc
 
c
c c

ccc

3.2.1.1 Nature of the deposits


cc
cc c c cc
c  c 
c
cc
c  c

c 
c
c
c  c  c 
cc
c  c) 
c)
 c
c
c  c 
c2 c
c
a) Islami current iccounts
c c  c2 
c
c c
c cc cc
c c c
c c c

c c 
c 

c 
c 
c  c 2 
c 
c c  c c  c c  c
@ 
c
 
c
c
cc@ c
c ccc 
cccc
cc
 
c ;
c c  c  c c c  c 
c 

c
c cc c 


c c


c
c  c 
c 
 
c c 
Ac  c 
c c  c 
c 
c c rc

c

c
c c
 c 
cc(c%777Ec
cc
cc 
c
c 
c
c c cc cA
c 
cc
c ccc
c

c
c
cc
c 5c
c

c
c
 
c
c 5c%c2 c
  Kc")cCc=c c
c cc c")c
cc)$:"c
c%c-
c
 c# 
c
c

c5
c
c c
c")c
 c 5 cc 

c

c 
c c!;c
cc
c c


c
cc
  c
c 5c

c


cc
c 5c
c 
c c
c 9c c
cc 
c c

) Islami foreign current iccount


  c  c 5

c2 
c 
cc  c c 
c
c 
 cc c
c c c c 

c 
c 
c  
c c 
 c  c

c  
c
  
cc
ccc

c 
c 
cccc 
c
cc c
c
 c c cc

c 
cc
c cc

c;

c

c
c c
 cc c  ccc
c  ccc  
c cc 
c
c
c  c=c-c
c 9c) cCcc 
c c
c c
 c 
ccB=c%77Ec@  
c
c/#cc:B(!cc
cc 
c
c 
c
c c cc cA
c 
cc
c   c
cB=c/#cCc:B(!c
c 5c
c 
c c
c 5c

c


cc

c) Islami Bachat iccount

! c  c   c 
c c c 
c c 
c c c  c c c c  c  
c c
 

c c c 


c
c  c c c 
c
c



c 
c c
 c 
c 
c  c c 
c  c  

c c c ;c c  

c c 
c

 
c 
c  c 
c c  c 
c

c  c 
c c  c c  c c

c c  c 
c c 
c ;
c  c  c c c c  
c 
c  c  c  
c
 

c2 c:c
c c  cc 
ccc


c;c
c


cccccc


cc  c 
cc c
c )
cc 
c
c c c c
c =
 c
ccc  
ccc 
ccc
c #c



c cc
ccc
c
c c
 c 
cc(c+777Ec
cc
cc 
c
 c 
c
c c cc cA
c 
cc
c ccc
c
c
c
cc%7&c
c
c*6c2c
c B
ccc
cc
c  ccc 
c
c $c
c
c
c
 
c
c 5c%c2 c
  Kc")cCc=c c
c cc c")c
cc)$:"c
c%c-
c
 c# 
c
c 5 cc 

c

c 
c c!;c
cc
c c


c
cc
  c
c 5c

c


cc

d) Islami Mahana Munafa iccount

-

cc 

c c
c 
c c cc 
c c c  c_c
_ c 
c  c 
Kc c 
c
c $c  c 
c 
Ac c c c 

c

c

c c c  c 
c c  

c  c  c c c  c   c c
 c _c _ c 
c c c  c c  c 


c
c ;c c


c
cc c c
c
c 5c

c


cc
c 9c) cCcc 
c c
c  c=c-c
c %77Ic
cc
c   c
c# c( c
c "
cc

c c%c&c'c+cCc%7c c
c )
 c 
cc

cc(c%7777Ec
c
c #c 
c
c
c c
cc  c c
c # 
cc 
cc

c
cc  c c
c =
 c
ccc  
ccc 
ccc
c #c



c cc



ccc
c
c 5c cc
ccc
c
c
c
c

c  c2 
cc  c
  c
c
c )
cc 
c
c c c c
c 5c;c
c
c 
c c
e) Islami imadni Certificate
c  c 
c 
c  c 
c  
c 

c c 
c  c 

c c  c 
c
2 c c c 
c 

cc ccc 
c;ccc c
c
 c c cc c c  cJ c
cccccc
c c c c
c
;c  
c c c c  c
c
c  c c c   c 
 c c  

c c c  c 
c c c 

c c


c 
c c  c c  c  
c  c c
c  c  
c c  c c  c
 c 
c2 cc
c c

cc
ccc c 
c
c cc

c c   c 
c 

c c  c  c c ;c c c 

c   c


c 
c c  c  c 
c c  
c
cc
 c 
c2 cc cc

cc 
c  >c
c   c
c# c( c
c

c
cc
cc%c'c,c%&c&*c',cc,7c
c
c )
 c 
cc

cc(c%7777Ec
c
c # 
ccc
c 
cc

c
cc  c c
c M cc 
cc

cc%&c
c
c c
c =
 c
ccc  
ccc 
ccc
c #c



c cc
ccc
c
c 5c
c 
c c
c 5c cc
ccc
c
c
c
c

c  c2 
cc  c
  c
c
c 5c

c


cc 

cc"cc
@ c c
c 5 c c   c 
 
c   c
c  c c  c c 


c c


c c c
c cc

3.2.1.2 Kinds of iccounts


c
cc c
cc

cc
c
 c 
c
c 
c 
c
c # 
c 
c
 c )
c 
c

a) Individual iccountsc

 c 
c c c 
c c c 
c
c  c c c 

c 
c c



c c 
c 
c c c 
c
c 
 
c c c 
 c
 0c

 
c ccc
c 
ccc 
c

) Joint iccount c
"ccc
cc c
c 
c
c c
c
cccc 
ccc
cc


c 
c c
 
c c 
ccc 
cc ccc


c
c cc 
cc c ccccc c

ccA
c
ccc
c 
ccc
c cc cc
c 
cc
cc cccc  c
c c A
c 
c c c c 
c c c c  c 
c c 
c c
c
 c c ccA
c c c

cc c
c)
artnership iccount
# 
c 
c c
c 
cc
ccc  
c
c)c2c:
ccc



ccc 
c c 
cc$ 2c@ c
c c @ c c
 
c
c c  
c cc 
c c c 
c# 
c 
c 
c 
c c 
c 
c c
cc c 
c 
c
d) Minor iccountc
"c
 c c%4.&c c@ c c 
c c


c 
c c
 c;cc
cc
c
c

cc# 
c- c c
cc
c c c
c
cc c  
c
c
cc%4c  c9c
c
c'cc  Ac c%4.+cc c
c cc  c

c c

ccc
ccccc%4c cc Ac;
ccc
c
c&%c cc
c
c# 
c c cc


cc
c 
c
ccc c
c 
  

c 
c c c  c c  

c c

c @ c 
c c
c c c 
c c



c c
c 
c "c c c 
c c c  c  c 
c "c
c

cc
c 
cc 
c
 c 
cc cc
c  
c
c 

c 
c
c :; c
c 
 c 
c
c # c c

E
c 


3.2.1.3
rocedures for account opening

c c c  c
c 
c c c 
c c  c  c c 
c
c 
c
c  
c

c/ c%c cc cc c  c
c c


c
c 
c9c 
c
 c 
c c 

c c  c c c  c c 


c
c 
c c c

 c  c 
c  c c  c


c  c c



c c 
c c  c c
 cc c cc c c cc cc 

cc cc

c
c
;

c  c c c 
c  c c 
 c c c c 
c
c c c c

c
c  

c c  c c


c  c c 
c 


c c  c 
c
 c
c 
cc"cc
 c
c Formal ipplication>c 2 c c @ c c c 
c c c 
c 


c
c c c 
c c c c  c c c c
c c  c 
 
c
 cccccc ccc
c c  
c
c
 c
c 
cc
cc c
c O taining introduction:c
 c 
c c @ c c @ c c 


c c

c 5cc c c
 c  c
c ;

c  c c c 
c c c
 cc
cc 
c


ccc
c Specimen Signature>c "c  c
c c 
c c 
c 

 c

 c
 
c 
c c  c  c 

c cc  c $ c c c  c
c 
c

c c
c
cc"c
c

 cc c c
ccc
ccc
c 

 c
c @ c  
c 
c c 
c c  

c c 

 c
c c  c

ccc
cc@ cc
c Minimum Initial Deposits:c "c  c  c c  c c  
c 
 c c c

c
c 
c9c c
c c
c 
c ccc 
c c c
 
 
c
 ccc c ccc 
ccc 
c
 c Operating the iccount:c 
c c 
c c 
c 
c  c  
c c
 c"c c
cccc cc cc 
cc

cc

c
 
>c
c
ay-In-Slip Book:c "c c c  c c c  c 
 


c c 
c c

c c c : c c 
 
c 
c  c c 
c 
c
c  c
c

 c
c
ccc 
cc
c Cheque Book: "c  c c  c c 
c c c 
c c 2@ c
2@ c 
c c %7c &+c %77c  c 
c
c @ c c c @ c c c
 cc ccc
cc@ cGc@ 
cGccc

 c
cc
c

cccc

ccc
c 
ccc

 cc c
c@ c
c
c šualification of the Customer:c"c 
ccc
c
cc cc c c

  c 
c "c
c 
c c c   c c 


c 
c c 
 c


c c c 
c %%c c c 
 c c %4.&c 
c c c  c 9c c


c@  
c c
 cc c
ccc c c
c 9c cccc
cc Ac
c 9c ccc
c
c
c 9c c
cc@ c
c
c c

3.2.2 Remittances Department

!
ccc
c

cc c
ccc
c
cc cc
c 
cc

c(
c 
c ccc
cc
cc cc
c
cc

c c c 
c 
c c
c
 
c c c c 
  c c 
c

 >c
c "
 c
c
c =
c c
c ) c
c
c # cc
a) Telegraphic Transferc
"
 c
cc
ccc@ ccc


c
c cc
c
cc
c 


c 
c  c c c c c c c c c c  
c c c  c c



c
c
 ) Demand Draftc
c  c c A c c
c c @ c c  c c  
c c 
c 
c c c 
c 
c c c

ccc c 
c"c  c
c c c cc
c cccc 
 c

c 
c
c
cc
c
cccccc==cc

ccc c

c
 
c c
c
cc 

c
c
c
c c c
ccc
ccc
c==cc
c cc
ccc
c
c cc
cc
 c
c
c

c 
c  c 
c c
c  c c c 

c 
c
c c c c c 
c
"c

c
cccc 
ccc
 c cccc ccc
 

c 
c =
c  c 
c c 
c c 
c c  c c  c 
c c c



c c  c 
 c c c c 
c 
c c  c c 

c c c c

ccc
 c
c) Mail Transfer
c) c 
c 1)"3c c  c c =
c = c  c c   c c  c c 
c
c=
c= c c
c cc
c c
c c
cc==ccc c

c 
c


cc cc 
c
cc 
c c c
cc c
c
c

c
c
 
cccc
c

cccccc 
ccc 
cc
c
c
cc cc 
cc
d)
ay Order
# ccccc


cc
c c cc
c
c ccA cc
c
 c;c c ccc cc ccc
cc c
c cc
cc

cc
cc
ccccc

3.2.3 Cash Department

2 c 
c  c
c cc
c c 
c"c cccc


cc
a) Receiptsc
2 c 
cc 
c c cc

c cccc 
cc
c
c cc 

cccc

cccc
c c cc c c
c 
c 

c  c c 
c c c c c c  c
c c c 
c c
c c
 
ccc 
cccc c 
c
 c
c
cc

cc
cccc
c 

cc 

ccc
ccc ccc
c
"c c

c
c cc cc 

c c
c 
c
cccc ccc
c c c  c c  c
c c c c  c 
c c c c  c
cc 
cc

)
aymentsc

c
cc
cc cc
 cc cc c 
c
c"c

c 
c c  
c 
c @ c  c c  c c 9c c  

c
 
c 
c  c c  cc 
 
c c  c
c c c  
c  
c 
c c
 c 
cc cc 
c5c 

c 
cc ccc
2@ ccc
cc
cc"
cc
c
c c 
c
cc@ c
c

c
c
c
c
c 

c
c
cc@ c
cc ccc
c
cc
c c
c
c cc@ cc
cccccc

 c
ccc
c

 c
c
c ccc c

c cccc


cc 
c
"c @ c c 
c  c c c  c  
c c  
c c c  
c "c
@ cc
c ccc cc c 
cc
cc
cc
c
"cc ccc c

c c


cc
 cc@ cc
c@ cc
c c
ccc ccc cccccc c

c cc
 c cc cc
c
c
cc
c
3.2.3.1 Kinds of cheques
  cc cccc@ c"c c c
c Bearer cheque:c cc
c  c cc
c# 
ccc@ c
cc cc

ccc
cccc
cc
c Order cheque:c c c c 
c  c c 
c c 
c  c c c  c  c c

c ccc cc
c
cccc 
ccc@ ccc
c cccc
c
c
c;

c 
cccc
c
c Crossed cheque:c c c
c 
c  c c 
c c 
c c 
c 
c c c c c
 c 
c c c c c 
c  

c 
c c c  c 
c
c 
c c

cc cc@ c
c cccc
cc@ cccc
 cc 
ccc
cccc@ c c c cccc 
c
cc
cc c cc@ cc
c

3.2.4 Credit Department


  cc
ccc



c 

cc  cc"c c 
ccc
c 5



c c 
c 
 c )    c
c )    c !c c c 



c c
c
cc 
cccc



c
c

cc



c

3.2.4.1 Musharakah Financing

c)    c c A
c
c c c c
 

cc  
c 
cc c 
c
 ccc 

cc c  c
cE
c c cccc c

cc cc  c

c5c  cc)    cc
cccc
cc



c
"ccc)    cc c)    c
cc cc cAc



c
c
cc c

c  c



c
cc2 c2
c
c)    c
 
c
c c
c cc
c c 

c 


cccc  cc c

 
c c
 c c ccc



c c= ccc 
c)    c

 
c c ; c  Ac c   c c c  c c c c

 
Ac

3.2.4.2 Mudara ah Financing

)    cc c
cc 
cc
c 
c
c
cc
cc


c
c c
 c
c"c

ccccc 
ccc cK( E E) Kc
cc 


ccc 
c c
c; c
cccccc c
K)  Kc"cc

 c c c 

cc c  c
cE
c c
 ccc
cc( E E) c
cccc cc



cc)  c

3.2.4.3 Working Capital Finance 1cc



3c
c
  cc

c c c 
c
c

c cccc
c;c




c 
c c c c  EE c 


c
c ! c  c c ;
c ( 
c
)

c c c c ;
c c  c c  c c 


c c  c c




c 


c  c  cc c
c
c ccc
2 ccc
cc c 
c-c c 
c c c

cCc ccc
 c 

c   c 

c  c "c  c  c 

E  c 



c @ 
c

  cc cc

cc c c>c

a) Mura ahah Financing:cc

)    cc ccc c
cccccccc
c
cccc c
"
ccEc



cc
  c
c

cc c  c@ 
Kc
cc2 c2 c
"c2 c



cc cc)    c c
ccc1K K3cc

c c   c 
c )    c  c 
  c   c c c c  c

c
ccc ccc2 c2 c

c
c
cc1
 

cc
c
3c
cc 
c c
) Istisna Financing:cc

cc c
 cc cccccc
  
 cc
c

c

c c  c c c 
  c c c c c c  c 
c 
cc

c
cc cc EEcccc c1
  3c cc c
c
ccc 
ccc
  ccc2 c2
c
c c   c
ccc
ccc
  c c
c
c) Salam Financing:cc
r
cc c cccc
 cc cccccc c
c c  c c
c;

cc
c 
cc c c
cccc c cc
c
c  c c c c c c
c 
c c 
c c c c c
  c " c c
 ccr
c c 
c c
c;
c
c c c
c 
cc
c

c
r
cc ccc
cc c

 c
c

c
c
 ccc

cccc cc
 c
c   c
c
 c
c
cc cc
"cr
cc
c  c c c



c c
   c 

cr
c 



c
c
c  c c 

c   c @ 
c c 
   c  

c 
c 

 c
c



3.2.4.4
roject Financingc1 c
c

c3cc

  c c  c
c 

Ec 



c  c c 
   c )(c
c

  cAc
c cccc
c
 
c c
a) Ijarah:
c
c c c 
 c c 
  c c  c  c
c c c c 2 c 2
c
c
c c
 c cc 2
ccc cc c c"c cc 
c 
cc

ccc
c
 cccc
ccc
ccc
ccc c
c
c   c c c 2
c c
c
c cc

c c  
c c c 

c
c  c c ;c c 



c c 
   c )(c

c
  cAc
) Diminishing Musharakah:cc
"c cc=


c_ ccc
cc ccr
_
cr

_
c 
c  
c c 
c 
c
c
c c #c c =


c
_ c 



c 
c 
  c  

c  c 
c c 
c c c c c


c c c 2 c 2
c
c 
c
  c   c c c 2
c c 
  Kc

c c
cc c
c cccc=


c_ ccc
ccc
=


c _ c c 2
c c c c 
c c c c =


c
_ c c  
c c c 

c
c  c c ;c c 



c c 
   c
)(c
c 
  c Ac =


c _ c c c
c  c c c ( c : c
5



c

3.2.5 Consumer anking

 c c c 
  c c  c c c 

c 


c "
c 
c -c
 c")c c cccc

3.2.5.1 Online Banking


  Kc  c c c
c c %7&c 
c 
c *6c 2c c c c c !

c



c c !

c 


c 
c  c c  c %7&c 
c 
c *6c 2c c 

c
c  c c c  c  c 
c 

c c  c 
c
c  c 
 
c 
c
c

  c
c"c

c ccc
c c cc
c cc 

c c!

c

c
>c
c 2 c=cc ccc cc
c
c (c2@ c:
 
cc
c!

c
c
c

c5
c"
c
c
c&c!

c
c
c  
c:
@ c
c 
cc
cc
c!

c
c

3.2.5.2 Inter Bank Transfer Fund

=c c
ccc c
c


cc c
c c
c
c 
c
 c c c

c
c
c1 5"3c c c
c c
c
c
cc

c c c")c$c
c 

cc cc
c
 c c
c
c

cc 
c$c

cc 

cc2@ c 
cc


ccc
ccc
2 cc2@ c
IBFTc c
c cc
c
cc
c!

cc
cc
c
ccc
%-
c 5"c  

cc
c5

c ccc
c c cc
c cc


c c 5"c >c

3.2.5.3 iTM or De it Card

cc c  c
c")=c c c
c
cc c c cc 
cc
 c$c c cccc c c
c 
c&*c c c cc c

c
c
 c 
c c c  ccc c
c 
c
c 
ccc cc
c c
")c
c
cciTM Card:c
J c
c c c
c
c
cc 
c&+77c")c
c
cc
cc)E$c
c%E-
cc
ccDe it Card:c
J c
c c
cc c
E c
c c  c cc',77c c c
cc
c!;c$c
c

3.2.5.4 Biometric iTM

:
Ac c
c c")c
 
cc
  0cc")c c
c

  0c!
c2 ccc ; c c
cc ccc 
c c
cc c
c98c cc c
Ec c
c c c c

cc c

cc
 
c cc c c


c c c
cc

cc
c 

Oc 
Kc8c
 ccc EEE c

cc")c ccccc
c
c# 
c

c c!
c2 c
ccc")c 
c
# c c(
-c c
c
cc cc cc
cccc 
c
c cccc 
ccc c
cc c
c
c cc 
cc c
c " c c2 c
c " c c(c

3.2.5.5 Lockers
-c c ccc c
c cc c
c c c! c c=cc-c
 c
c ccc c  c
c

c c
cccc&*c c
 cccAc c c cccc c
cc  c c c
  c c
c
ccccccJ c
c c

 c c c
c
c
cc cc-c$c c
cc c cCcccccc c
 cc c  cc 


c c c
5

c ccc
c c cc
c cc 

c ccc c
c #
c

c c

cCcc  ccE
Kc cc
c


c@ 
c
c&*c c

c c
c c-c 
ccc
c
c
c 
c
c ) ; cc c1*3cc cc-c
c  cc c  cccc
cc
c B
cccc c-cc
c
c
c
c
c
c
Chapter #4

inalysis

4.1 Financial information:

"c

 c
 
ccc
  cc  c c
>c

Ta le 4.1 Financial information

FINiNCIiL HIGLIGHTSc 2008c 2007c
cc c c þ_

c þ_

c
" c=c c %&*.4c 66'*c
" cc c %6746c %***.c
" c



E
c c ,+&4c '6,'c
" c

c c +7&7c '4,*c
 Kc:@ c c +%6&c '4*+c

c cc cc %7&1
3c ',1
3c
:c cc %%441
3c +,'1
3c
c

Ta le 4.2
rofit &loss iccount

ROFIT/LOSS iCCOUNTc 2008c 2007c
cc c c þ_

c þ_

c
( 
c: 
c c %*,4,6c ,7&7,c
#c# c c .&6+'c '7'4*c
$c c c .'6%,c &64&&c
5c:;

c
c %*%'6c .%*,c
2c


c
c 447++c ',6,4c
#
c c c E%'7+,c E&4'.c
!c
c c +*.+c ,44&c
! 

c:;
 c E%7''6c E+%7+6c
#cc ;c c E&&6%+c E%77*,c
" ; 
c c c %.,&&c ,'**c
-c c ;c cc E+&6'c E'.7&c
c
Ta le 4.3 Financing made y ank
FINiNCINGSc cc 2008c 2007c
cc c c þc þc
5



c
c 
c c cc cc
E)    c c c &','.',c +4%+7+c
E 
K c c c %4*.6.c '%44,c
E=


c)   E9 

c ,4&%*%c %.6&%'c
E=


c)   Ec %*+..&6c %+.,.7+c
E

cE)    c '+.,c ,%+4c
E  c c c Ec %7+777c
E)    c c ''4.c ,,',&c
E5



ccc &77,,*c %%&+6&c
cc c c *46,7'7c &,+6*&%c
$c

c
c A  c



c %.6%*'7c %''&4%6c
5



Ec
c c ,,4.*,7c '66&&*7c
#
cc

c

c



c cc cc
Ec c c E%*%,4.c E&7&4+c
E/
 c c c E%4&*&c E6744c
5



Ec$cc cc 6527531c 3962867c
c
c
cc4.3 inalysis of the Report

4.3.1 Financial Statement inalysis

5

 c  
c
c c c 
 c 
c c 

c c 

 c 

c
c
 c c  
c c
c 

 
c c 
c c c c 
c  c 

 c
c c
 c  c c c  c c 


c c 

 c 

c
c  
c c
c


 
c c c  

c  
c 
c c  
c c
c c 
c
 
cc"c
cc  c c
c
c 

cc c
c
cc
c c  
c "c c c @ c c 
c  

c c
c c c
 
c c c c "c c c
c c  c c c   c c
c

c c
 c

 c 
c
c"ccc
c c 

ccc
c
ccc c
c

"c

 c  cc
  cc
c
cc

cc >c

c 2
cc
c

c ( c
cc

c
2
cc
c
c c
c c cc  c0c
ccc
c
c  

c  
c c 
c  
c c
c 
c  
c c
c c

c c
c c c c  
c c
c 
c  
c
c   c c

c c  c c c  c
c 
c c  c  c c

 

c c 

c

 cc
c

4.3.2 Common Size inalysis


c
cc

c 

 c 
cc c cc c  
cc c

c c 
c  
c c c c c
c  c c 
c c  c 
c c

c2
cc
c
c
c
c  c

c
c

c c c c

c c 0c 

 c 

c
c 
c c 
c c
c
c c  c


cc
ccccc ccc
cc
c
c  ccc 
c
c
c
c 
c
c
cccc
cc

c

c c
cc

c < c
c

c 9
 c
c

c
a) Vertical analysis

< c
c  c  c 
c c c  c 
c c c c  c  c
cc cccc 
ccc
c 
c cc 

c
cc
c%77Ic

) Horizontal analysis
9
 c
c  c  c 
c c c  c 
c c c c  c  c c c
 c ccc c c c%77Ic
c cccc

"c

c ccc
cc c
c
cc

c
Ta le 4.4 COMMON SIZE (VERTICiL) iNiLYSIS OF BiLiNCE SHEET
iSSETSc 2007 c 2008c
2 c
c 
cc  c
c 66%Ic %%'6Ic
 
ccc
c %.47Ic %%+,Ic
-


cc5

 c
 
cc *'&Ic 7&7Ic


cc &,..Ic &,&6Ic

c &.*&Ic '*%6Ic
! 

c;c c .+,Ic %777Ic
=c ;c c 7,&Ic %'7Ic
!cc ++*Ic *6'Ic
" cc %77Ic %77Ic
LIiBILITIESc cc cc
c 
c 7+4Ic %4+Ic


c 7*4Ic %&4Ic
=c
cc 
c ,4.,Ic ,+'.Ic
 E2
c-
c ccccccEc cccccEc
!c c '++Ic *&6Ic
=c ;c c ccccccEc cccccEc
" c c .''6Ic .&47Ic
SHiREHOLDERS EšUITYc cc cc
 c  c &&%+Ic &.,,Ic
(c cccccEc cccccEc
22B)-":=c-!c E7'%Ic E7+%Ic
" c@ c &%4'Ic &.%*Ic
" c c
cc" c@ c %7777Ic %7777Ic
4.3.2.1 Vertical inalysis of Balance Sheet

< c
ccc
c


cc
cccc 
ccc
c c " c c "c  c
c c 
 c c  c c c 
c

cc
c c
c  ccccc"c c cc
c 
c
5c c c c c  c 

c
c 
 c c c c c "c 

c 
c c
ccc c  c
c cc

cc
cccc c"c Ac


c 
c c  
c cc 
c c c 
c
c 

c cc  Ac
;
c
c 
c  c  c c c c c 

c c c c c

c 
 c c &77.c c &774c !
c c 
c c 

c  
c  c 
c c
 c
c ccc
c
cc


c
cEc

cc
 cc
c  

c

c c 

c c

E
c  c c 
c c c 

c 
c

c c c

cc c cc


c
c c
ccc
c

c
cc
c c c
c c
ccc
c
c

c
c
c
c&77.c

cc
cc

c c
c
cc
c c$c c 
ccc
c=c c
 c
c c&774c$c

ccc
ccc c
c

c
c  
c c c 
c "c c c c @ c c c 

 
c
c


ccc c"c c
c
cc
 

cc&77.cc&774c cc 
c
c c 
c c  

c " c 

c  c
cc 
c c c @ c
c @ c c

c
ccc"c c
c
c cc
c
ccc

cc
 cc

 
c
c 
cc
c c 
cc$c

ccc c 0c@ c
c@ c c
c 
 c c&&Icc&.Icc c ccccc"cc
 c c c c 
c c 
c 
c c 
  c c c  c 
 c c
  
cc ccc c
cc
 c

c
c
c
c
c
c

Ta le 4.5 COMMON SIZE (VERTICiL) iNiLYSIS OF INCOME STiTEMENT

c 2007c 2008c
)  c(
c %77Ic %77Ic
)  c:;
c +7'Ic *6,+Ic
/c#cc *6+Ic +7'*Ic
#
cc
c cc*,Ic cc44+Ic
#
cc

c cccccEc ccccEc
 cc
cc cccccEc ccccEc
c cc*,Ic cc44+Ic
$c)  c
c **,4Ic *%*%Ic
NON-MiRKU
INCOMEc c c
5c
c2
c %7%'Ic .,Ic
=
c
c cc'4Ic %6Ic
:;

c
c cc%,,Ic &%Ic
!c
c cc%*Ic %*Ic
" c

E  c
c &.44Ic *%44Ic
" c
c ,4%7Ic +*.,Ic
NON-MiRKU
EX
ENSEc c c

c:;
c 4*&%Ic .77&Ic
!c
c cccccEc cccccEc
!c 
c 7*4Ic ccc7'Ic
" c

E  c;
c 4*.%Ic .7',Ic
c c c
!ccc" ;c E%,,%Ic E%++6Ic
-!cc" ;c E,%*Ic ccE'+*Ic

4.3.2.2 Vertical inalysis of Income Statement

"c< c
cc
c 
cc
  c c

c
cc c cc

c c


c

ccccc cc  c
c"cc c

c 

c

c
cc
0c
cc"c 
c 
c
ccc cc
c c
c
c
c   c ;
c 
c  
c c c   c 
c
c c c c 
c  c  cc




c 
c 
c c   c ;
c  

c 
c c  c
c c "c 
c c
 c c  

c 
c  c 
c 
c c 
 

c 
c  c 
c c c

 
c 

c)  c;
c c  ccc c
c cc c
c5 cc
 

c
c
c
cccc

ccc
0c


c
c


c
  c;
ccc 

c
cc
ccc c

cc
 c

c
cc

0c


c c
cc
c cc 
cccc
c

Ta le 4.6 COMMON SIZE (HORIZiNTiL) iNiLYSIS OF INCOME STiTEMENT

cc 2006c 2007c 2008c

)  c(
c %77Ic +7&Ic %',6Ic
)  c:;
c %77Ic %+&.4.Ic '474+'Ic
/c#c %77Ic &,.67Ic 4%&'+Ic
#
cc
c %77Ic &.'*,.Ic %&6*'+,Ic
#
cc

c Ec ccccEc ccccEc
 cc
cc Ec ccccEc ccccEc
cc %77Ic &.'*'.Ic %&6*&+,Ic
$c)  c
c %77Ic &'+4.Ic ,+.+&Ic
NON-MiRKU
INCOMEc cc cc cc
5c
c2
c %77Ic %,4**,Ic '%,4.&Ic
=
c
c %77Ic .7,%Ic E4.%.Ic
:;

c
c %77Ic %&4*4,Ic '4++4%Ic
!c
c %77Ic %,''6Ic &6%.Ic
" c

E  c
c %77Ic &%*6%Ic '*+*+Ic
" c
c %77Ic &&4'6Ic +*4'6Ic
NON-MiRKU
EX
ENSEc cc cc ccc

c:;
c %77Ic &*4+,Ic ,7,+,Ic
!c
c Ec cccccEc cccccEc
!c 
c %77Ic E.+.*Ic E+44+Ic
" c

E  c;
c %77Ic &&7++Ic +*67.Ic
cc cc cc cc
!ccc" ;c %77Ic %6&7+Ic +,,%,Ic
-!cc" ;c %77Ic '*'%4Ic +''+6Ic
c

4.3.2.3 Horizontal inalysis of Income Statement

9
 c
cc
c 
ccc c
cc c&77,cc c c c
c
  c c  c &77.c
c &774c c c    c 
c c  c c  c &77,c c c c  c

c
cc  c cc cc
c
c
cc  c
cc c

c
c c cc



c
ccc
Ta le 4.7 COMMON SIZE (HORIZiNTiL) iNiLYSIS OF BiLiNCE SHEET

iSSETSc 2006c 2007c 2008c

2 c
c 
cc  c
c %7777Ic &&'6,Ic %*'*6Ic
 
ccc
c %7777Ic %&,&7Ic .6'.Ic
-


cc5

 c
 
c %7777Ic E*6.7Ic E%67&6Ic


c %7777Ic +4'..Ic 4%47+Ic

c %7777Ic &%'%*Ic +47,7Ic
! 

c;c c %7777Ic *.4+Ic &''%%Ic
=:5:((:=c"Pc:"c %7777Ic %''''Ic .4%*4Ic
!"9:(c:"c %7777Ic E*4+'Ic E'',&Ic
" cc %7777Ic %+6Ic &.*Ic
LIiBILITIESc cc cc cc
c 
c %7777Ic %,+&&Ic &'*.4Ic


c %7777Ic E,777Ic &6777Ic
=c
cc 
c %7777Ic '+4.&Ic .7%.*Ic
BE!(= $":=c-!$c Ec cccccEc cccccEc
!c c %7777Ic %7'++Ic &4*,&Ic
=c ;c c Ec cccccEc cccccEc
" c c %7777Ic '&*+6Ic *4.+4Ic
SHiREHOLDERS EšUITYc cc cc cc
 c  c %7777Ic E*777Ic ,'6+Ic
(c Ec cccccEc cccccEc
22B)-":=c-!c %7777Ic ',&+7Ic 6.,..Ic
" c@ c %7777Ic E*&*%Ic E%%+4%Ic
" c c
cc" c@ c %7777Ic E47%Ic E.77*Ic

4.3.2.4 Horizontal inalysis of Balance Sheet

"c cc c
c
cc c c cc
c c
c
 c
c c c+c


ccc
 c
c  c
c c&77,ccc cc c ccc c&77.c

c&774c" c c
c
c
cc  ccc

c
c

4.4 Financial Ratio inalysis

( c 
c F
c
c ;c 
c c c
c Fc c ( c c c   c  c c

c c c  
c 
c c c c   c 
c 
c c  c
c
  cc"c c
c
cc
c
c

4.4.1
ROFITiBILITY RiTIO

B
c c  

c c 
c c  c c
c c  

c
c
c c  

c
 c"c c
c c
c c

4.4.1.1 Gross
rofit Margin

/c #c c c 
c 
c 
c
c cc
c c /c c c  c
 cc
cc 
cc
c 


cc c 

c;
c



cc

c  ;c
c c  c c c /c c  

c c c 
c c  c  c  c c c
c 

ccc
cccc cc   c c>c

Gross
rofit Margin = Gross
rofit / Sales x 100

5c&77.c c &64&%4,7&7,7N%77Qc*6+'cIc
5c&774cc c .'6%,7cc%*,4,44Nc%77cQc+7'&cIc
cc ccc  cc/c#c) 

c cc
cc
 

c
c c&774c"c
 
c cc 
 

c 
c  c c cc   c  c 
c c c c
c c
 
c c 
 c 
c 
c  c  c c 
 
c c  c   c c  c
 cc

c


c"c
 

c
cc
cc
c

 
c cc

ccc
c c c

4.4.1.2 Net
rofit Margin

"c 
  c   c c c  c c   c c  c  c c  c c c ;
c
 c 
c  c 
 

c c c  c 

c

 c
c 
 c ;
c
 
c
c
c ;c"c cc   c c>c

Net
rofit Margin = Net Loss after Taxes / Sales x 100

5c&77.c c E'.7&',7&7,7N%77QcE,%*Ic
5c&774cc c E+&6'7c%*,4,44Nc%77cQcE',7Ic
c

4.4.1.3 Return on issets

"c(!c cc c
 cc  

cc
c

 c


cc
c 
c  c 
c 
c c 0c c c c  c  c c 
c c
cc

Return on issets = Net Loss/ Total issets x 100

5c&77.c c E'.7&'%***.*.'N%77QE77&+cIc
5c&774cc c E+&6'7c%6744,77Nc%77cQE77&.cIc
"c 
c
c

c  cc
  cc

c

c" c
c
cc


c

cc 
c
cc


c
cccc
c 
c
c cc cc

4.4.1.4 Return on Equity

cc
c  cc c
cc c
c( 
c
c@ c1(!:3ccc

0c cc c c
cccc  cc
c0c@ c

Return on Equity = Net Loss after Tax / Common Stockholder¶s equity x 100
5c&77.c c E'.7&'cc'&77777N%77QcE%%+.Ic
5c&774cc c E+&6'7c+&.6,.6cN%77QE%77&+cIc
"c (!:c c 
  c 

c 
c c


c 
c c c  c @ c c  c c
c
cc

4.4.1.5 Earning
er Share

=Net Income/No. of Shares Outstanding

5c&77.c c E'.7&'cc4%6+*%%4cN%77QcE77*+&Ic
5c&774cc c E+&6'7cc%%,''.,+*cN%77QcE77*++Ic
4.4.1.6 Operating Cost to income ratio
"c c
cc  cc

c

c
ccc
c 
c 

c cc
cc
= Non-interest cost/ income
5c&77.c c c c %*7&4%*%7%&.Q7'*&c c c c c
5c&774cc c c c %6,%'647*.*'Q7&*'.c c c c c

c c c cc

4.4.1.7 De it to Equity Ratio

"c c c @ c 1c c 

 c 
3c  c 
 c c ;
c c c c  
c
c 
c c 



c c 
c 

 c 
c c c c @ c  c 
 c c
 c
c 

c
c
c
 cc 


cc


c
cc@ c cc
 ccc ccc 0c@ cccc cccc
0c

cc
c cc ccc c
cc  cc

De t to Equity Ratio = Total De t/ Owner¶s equity

5c&77.c c c64.67*c'&77777cN%77Qcccc'74.&Ic
5c&774c c ,+,.44&c+&.6,.6cN%77Qc%&*'66Ic
"ccc@ c c c
 cc'74Icc%&*'66Ic"c c cc
c
cc
c c c
cc cc
cc
cccc c
c
cc@ c ccc
 
cc
c c
c;
c 
c c cc
cc cccc@ c c c

 ccc
c c
c

cc
c

 
c cc
 cc
c cc
 c
c
@ c c cc c
cc

4.4.1.8 De it Ratio
= total Lia ilities /Total issets

5c&77.c c c'4**.&,cc%***.*.'cN%77Qc&,,%Ic
5c&774cc c +%6%4&%cc%6744,77cN%77Qc&.%6Ic
"c c  c   c c 
c c  c c 

c c c 
0c c c "c

c c  c c
 c c c 
c c c c 
c 

c c 
c
c c c


 cccc
cc 

c c
 c ccc
cc

 cc
4.4.2 Efficiency Ratio

4.4.2.1cInterest income per employee

"c ccc
cc 
cc
c
c
cccc
c
c
cc
cccc
cc
c
cc   
c 
c
c
cc
c
5c&77.c c c c ,7&77,+,'Q%7,6c c
5c&774c c c c %*,4,6%%44Q%4'
4.4.2.2
rofits per employee
c
c   ccccc

c ccc
ccc c
c
 cc
 c
cc c
c c


c
cccc cc
c

c
5c&77.c c c c E%77*,+,'QcE7%.4*cc c c c
5c&774c c c c E&&6%+%%44QcE7%6&4c

4.4.2.3 Business per employee

"c ccc  c
cc
c
c 
c c  c c
c c   cc


c cc c ; 
c c
c cc
 ccc
c

c c
cc
c
c
c
5c&77.c c c c E'.7&+,'QcE77,+c c c c c c
5c&774c c c c E+&6'%%44QcE77**+

4.4.2.4 Business per ranch

cc cc
c   cc c c
c
c
c 
cc ccc c c

c c
ccccc
c 
c c
cc   cc

cc c ; 
c
cc
cc
c c
c c c
c cc
 c ccc
c

c
 c
cc
cc
cc c
5c&77.c c c c E.7&',QcE77&c
5c&774c c c c E&6'%7&QcE7+%4

4.4.2.5 Employees per ranch

:cc
ccc c
c 
ccc cc
cc
c
c c

cc   cc

c
cccc
cc
c
5c&77.c c c c +,'',cQ%+,'cc c c
5c&774c c c c %%44%7&Q%%,*c

4.4.2.6Total idvances to Total Deposit Ratio

=Total idvances/ Total Deposits*100

5c&77.c c K
Kc

KcN%77Qc'646Ic

5c&774c c  cc cN%77Qc+&'%Ic
"c cc cc ccc
c c 
cc"c cc
cc c  cc
c
c

4.4.2.7Total idvances to Total issets

=Total idvances/ Total issets*100

5c&77.c c K
Kc N%77Qc&.*'Ic

5c&774cc c  cc

cN%77Qc'*%6Ic
"c ccc 
ccc
c c cc

ccc c cc cc

c c
 

c
cc c c
ccc  ccc
cc cc c
c 
c c c c 
c c c 
c
c c c c c "c  c c


c 

c
c

4.4.2.8Fixed issets to Total issets

=Fixed issets /Total issets*100

5c&77.c c %%76'cc%***.cN%77Qc.,.4Ic
5c&774cc c %6%7cc%6744cN%77Qc%77Ic

cc
c ;c c ccc@ 
c 
 c
c 

cc"c c c

 c
ccc
c 
ccc 
 
cc

c

c ccc cc"c
 cc  ccc
c

c
4.5 SWOT inalysis

c cc

 
ccccc
c
c
c  cc
c
c
 cc
c
c ccccc

cc


c c
c
  
c

c c 

 
c 

c  c
c c c c c  


c
c 
c



c c  c c c 
 c c

 
c c  c
c c 

 
c
 ccc cc 


c 
8c

" 0c

 
c c;ccc

cc

c
c c cc
 c c c c c  

c
c c c   c c 
c  c c ;
c c c c
 c E   c c c  c c  c 
c :
c 
c 

c  c c c


c c
 c 
c c c 
 c c :c 
 c 
c ; 
c c

 c c
c 
ccc


c
c
c cc
c
c
c
c cc@ c cc
0ccc 

c
c
cccc  c 
c
cc c

 
c
cccc@ 
cccc  c cc c ccc


 c c   c
c "c c 
c 
@ c c
c c 

 
c

cc
 c  c
cc
c !"c
cc !"c
cc
c
c c  c c c c
c
c 

 
0c 
c 
c  
c c c 


c
;
cc

c
c
c cc

 
c
c
c 
c c c c 
c c c  c 
c
c c

c c
c 

 
0c 


c )


c  c c
c 
c ;
c


c
c ;
c
c c 
c c 

 
0c 
c 
c  
c cc

c
cAcc

"c !"c
cc
  cc cc

4.5.1 Strengths
c 

cc
 c
c
c c
c c
c
cc  cc# 
c

c 2c 

>c-c 

cc@ c
c


c


c
cc
c
c c c c

c ) c
c 
c c c c 

c 

c 
c
c  c  c c 
 c
  c

c 9
c 
c c  

c 
c c c
c  c 

c c c  c c 
c


c c
coc
ccc

c -c cc
cc  c c c
cc

c  c
c c
 c
c

cc c
 c

 c c c c 
c 
c c 

c 
c 


c Ec 


c c c 
c c
 
c
c
cc
cc ccc c

c - 
c c Cc

  c c c  c
c 
c c c c 
c c
# 
cc64Ic) c  
c
c c
c c
cc

cc

c M c c c c
c c 
c 


c 


c c c c c c
 c


c1
c 3c
c c c

4.5.2 Weaknesses
c - cc
  
c cc) c ccc
c
c 

cc c

c
c

c = 

c c 
c c  c c  c c c 
c
c
c 

c
c  c
cc cc c
c=c
cc 

c
c

cc
c

c


cc
c
c

c c c c   c c
c c c c 
c 
c c 


c 


c
c c 
c
c  c c c  
 
c c c
c c  

c  
c 
c  c 

c
cc

c

c " 
c cc c Acc
c cc  c
c cc c
cccc 
c cOc c 
ccccc ccOc
c 

c
c 

c(  
cc
c
c cc 

ccc@ c
ccc
c

c "c c
c
cc
c cc  c


c
c# 
ccc;
c
 

c
c

c 
c

c )


c
c  c
c  c  


c c c  c 

 c c
c

c;
c ccc
ccAc
c

c <  c 
c 


cc c c  Ac cc  c 

c 
cc  c

c c c c
c  c 
c
c  c 
c  c 

c
c
c c

c 
c  c@ c c1
 ccc 3cc
4.5.3 Opportunities
c )c
c
cc 
c  c 


c cc c
c cc:-c c
=c 


c

c  

c  
c

c ) c


c c
c 
cc
c  c
c  cc c
c/ c
c)  
c

c

c " 
c 
c  c 


c c  c c 
c 
c  c  

c
c


c
c) c
ccc c cc c

c  c 


c c c c  
c c 
c
c c c ;
c  c
c c
) cc9 c 

cc  
c
c 
cc


cc
cc
 
c
c
 c

c )
c  c


c
c
c c&7c
 ccccc 
cc

c

c 
 
c
c  c c c
  c 
c c c c 

c
c  c
 c


c
cc
c c c
c
c 
c


c
cc c
+77c cc

c $c  c  c 
c 

c c
c c  c 


c c >c  c


c  c
 
c
c

cAcc

c
c

E) c 
c c 5
c c ) c c 
c 
c 1 
c %7I3c c
  
c  c 


c c 
Ac c 
c c
c  

c
c c c
 
cc 
cc c

4.5.4 Threats
c c c c 
 
c c @ c c  c 


c c c
c  c 
c

E
) c 
c 
c 
c # 
c c 
c c c 
c 
c c c

 
c

c 2
c  c 
c
c 


c c  c c c c c c c

c 
c c   c 
c c c c  
c c 
c 
c
c
c

c "c 
c
c ( c 
c  c 


c c 
c

E) c 
c c



c
c c


c c cc

c
c c  c


cc

Ac ccc "c cc
c


c


c
 c :


cc  c 


c 
c c c
c
c c6%%c  c
c "2c
$cJc
c c#c)  c1#B93cc
c) cc


c
c
c
cc
c
c
c  c


c c

c ) c
cc
c ccc c cc


c
c c


c

c cccc
cc
c

c   
c

 c 

cc 
c 

cc

c
c
c c
 Ac
ccc 

c

c
c

c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
Chapter # 5
5.1 CONCLUSION

  c # 
c -c c
c  c 
c 
c # 
c "c 
c c 
 c c c

 c  c


c
c# 
c
c
 c"c
cc
c cccc=  c
 c
c
c
A c @ cCcc
c cc
c# 
c
"c

c;
c c
cc c
 ccc cccc
c
 c
 c c 
c  


c
c 

c
c  c  c  c 


c
c
c c  c c


c
c ;
c c 

c 
c c 


c c  c  c c c
c
;c c 

c 
c  c 
c c 


c

c c c  c E
c
 c  c ;
c  c c
 c  cc c c c    c  


c Ac

c c  
c
ccc@ 
cc)c
c
c
c

c "c
c

cc  c

ccc


c

cc 
c
cc
 c cc
c c
 c
c
c "c 
c c
c 
c 
c A c c c 
 c c
c c  c c c c
 c+cc,c cc
c
c
c c
c c
c c
c
c c&77.c

ccc
  c cc

c
c c  c 
c  c c c 
c c


c 
c c "c  c c c 
c  
c

c c
cc
cc
c
cc
cc  ccc



c
c
c "c
cc
c c



c cc c c
ccc
 c

ccc
c
c "c  
c c c c  
c 
c c c 
c c c 
c


c ccccc cc  c c
c
c
c "c
c c 
c 

cc 
c
cc 


c
c  

c cc
cc"c
c
c;ccc
c c
c

c cc cc
c
c c
c
cc c cc

 
cAc
c
c "c 
c  

c c c 
 c c c c
c c c 


c c
c
 
c
c

c
c
 c "c 
c c c c 
c  c c c  c
c c 
c
"
c c 
c  c 
c c 
c
c 
c  c
c c 
c  c 
c


cc c
c
c "c 
c  c  c 
c 
c c c  c c 
c c
c c 
c


c
cc
c c c
c
c
c
c
c )cccc

c
cc
c c
c c  cc c"c
A c
ccc cc cc c c
cc c 
cc cc

0c;cc
cc
c "c 
c
ccccc
cc
c c
c ccc
cc


ccc
ccc  ccc
c
c )c  
ccc c cc
c

5.2 RECOMMENDiTION
c
c "c
c

c c 

c c 


c
 ccc;

cccc
ccc ccc
c
c "c
c

c
c c



c
cc
ccc;
c  c
c
c "c  c c c c  c c c c c c cc 
c c
c


c
c 

ccAc
c
c "c 
c  c c c 
c 
cc  cc  c 


c c  c 
 c c
c
cccc
c
cc  c
c
c "c
c c 
c c 
cccc ccccc
c
"cc
c
c
cc
cc
c


c"ccc
c

c
c
ccc
c
c
cc  cc
c
c
c 
c   c "c ) 
c  c c  c 
c c 
c  c  

c c


c c
c
c c 


ccc")c 
c
c
c "c 
ccc
c cc 
 c c c c  cc
cc
c
cc
  c
ccc
ccccc
c
c
c 
  c c
c c c 

c 
c 
c c c "c  c 


c c
c c


c ccc5cc
  c ccc c 
cc

 c
c 
c 
c  c c  c  c  
c "c  c  
c
#cc 

c ccc 
c cc
c
c "c 
c  c 
 c c   
c c c  c 
c c 
c c c c

ccc
cc
c c ccccc

c
c c
cc
  c 


c
c  c "c c
c 
c c c 
c c  c c

 cc cc c


c

c
c

Referencesc

Book & We References

c  c
c

c 
c1E=c&7743c cc  c


c 
c
#c
c  c
c 

c  
c 1A Ec &7743c  c c  c 


c
 
c#c
c )   c" @ cM 
c1  c5

3c
 c 
 c
c  

c
c   
 c
c   

  R
c
c > 


c
c 
c
c  


!

!c

c
c
c
c
c
c
c

c
c