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Earthquakes pose one of the greatest challenges to designers of buildings and other civil
engineering structures. About seventy five percentage of the fatalities attributed to
earthquakes has been caused by collapse of buildings. Experience in past earthquakes
has demonstrated that many common buildings and typical methods of construction lack
basic resistance to earthquake forces. In most cases this resistance can be achieved by
following simple, inexpensive principles of good building construction practice. Adherence
to these simple rules will not prevent all damage in moderate or large earthquakes, but life
threatening collapses should be prevented, and damage limited to repairable proportions.
In view of this there is an urgent need to ensure that our buildings are earthquake resistant
to save precious lives and to reduce social and economic disruption.
Present day construction practices depend excessively on materials like burnt bricks,
cement, steel, aluminum and glass. These are highly energy-intensive materials which
consume a lot of thermal energy during production and thus one of the main contributors to
the global warming the world over. Moreover they often need to be transported over long
distances resulting in escalating in the cost of building. The need to conserve our precious
energy resources and reduce the impact on the fragile environment is the need of the hour.
Hence it is important to focus on decentralized production of materials consuming less
energy which will also generate employment locally. Hence there is an urgent requirement
to find alternate building technologies which are affordable. The alternates such as
stabilized mud blocks, rammed earth-wall and stabilized adobe blocks gives us a direction
towards exploring and using sustainable technologies in building construction.Training
Architects, Engineers, Masons and Semi-Skilled personal in these alternative methods of
construction is very important step towards implementing these ideas in the field.
MASONRY-ECONOMIC ALTERNATIVES
Dr. M. R. Yogananda
(Consultant, MRINMAYEE)
09th May , 2011
and