Quiz 2 Name:

Z
1. Find sin5 x cos4 x dx

Solution. Use sin2 x = 1 − cos2 x to write sin5 x = (sin2 x)2 sin x = (1 −

cos x)2 sin x so the integral becomes
2

Z
(1 − cos2 x)2 sin x cos4 x dx

Let u = cos x and du = − sin x and the integral becomes

Z Z Z
− (1 − u ) u du = − (1 − 2u + u )u du = − u2 − 2u4 + u6 du
2 2 2 2 4 2

1 2 1
= − u3 + u5 − u7 + C
3 5 7
1 2 1
= − cos3 x + cos5 x − cos7 x + C
3 5 7

Z
2. Find tan3 θ dθ

Solution. Use tan2 θ = sec2 θ − 1 to convert the integral to

Z Z
tan θ(sec θ − 1) dθ = tan θ sec2 θ − tan θ dθ
2

1
= tan2 θ − ln | sec θ| + C
2
(The first integral can be obtained with the substitution u = tan θ, du = sec2 θ dθ)
 Z √
3. (20 pts) Find x3 x2 − 4 dx

Solution. Let x = 2 sec θ, so dx = 2 sec θ tan θ dθ. Plugging in, the integral
becomes
Z √ Z √
8 sec θ 4 sec2 θ − 4 2 sec θ tan θ dθ = 32 sec3 θ sec2 θ − 1 sec θ tan θ dθ
3

Z √ Z
3
= 32 2
sec θ tan θ sec θ tan θ = 32 sec4 θ tan2 dθ

To solve this integral, use sec2 θ = 1 + tan2 θ to write

Z Z
32 sec θ tan θ dθ = 32 sec2 θ(tan2 θ + 1) tan2 θ dθ
4 2

then we substitute u = tan θ, du = sec2 θ to get

Z Z
32 32 32 32
32 (u + 1)u du = 32 u4 + u2 du = u5 + u3 + C =
2 2
tan5 θ + tan3 θ + C
5 3 5 3

To convert back to x, note that sec θ = Hypotenuse = x2 . Thus the opposite side
√ Adjacent Opposite
√
2
of a schematic right triangle has length x2 − 4 and so tan θ = Adjacent = x2 −4 .
Plugging this in, our final answer is
√ √
32 x2 − 4 5 32 x2 − 4 3 1 5 4 3
( ) + ( ) + C = (x2 − 4) 2 + (x2 − 4) 2 + C
5 2 3 2 5 3