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The Cell in Action Vocabulary diffusion osmosis Passive transport Active transport endocytosis exocytosis photosynthesis glucose Cellular respiration fermentation mitosis chromosome Homologous chromosomes

interphase prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis centromere

Process by which a cell surrounds a large particle and brings it into the cell Phase during which chromosomes are copied Structure in a nucleus made of DNA and protein
Process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria capture energy from the sun to make food

Complicated process of chromosome separation Breakdown of food without the use of oxygen Process by which a cell releases a large particle to the outside of the cell Phase during which the chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell. Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure Process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food Phase during which the chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell. The division of the cytoplasm of a cell Movement of particles across a cell membrane without using energy

Carbohydrate (sugar) produced by plants during photosynthesis Movement of particles across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy Region where the sister chromatids are held together Phase during which mitosis begins and the nuclear membrane dissolves. Movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density
Phase during which nuclear membranes form around the chromosomes and mitosis is complete.