cos(x y) = cos x cosy sen x sen y tan(x y) = (tan x tan y) / (1 tan x tan y) sen(2x) = 2 sen x cos x cos(2x) = cos^2(x) - sen^2(x) = 2 cos^2(x) - 1 = 1 - 2 sen^2(x) tan(2x) = 2 tan(x) / (1 - tan^2(x)) sen^2(x) = 1/2 - 1/2 cos(2x) cos^2(x) = 1/2 + 1/2 cos(2x)