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  • The Immune System

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    Nayaab Kader
    36 просмотров2 страницы
    The immune system responds to foreign material called antigens, which are usually proteins found on bacteria, viruses, or other people's cells. The body has B-lymphocytes that produce antibodies, or immunoglobulin proteins, that match the specific structure of a non-self antigen. When a non-self antigen enters the body, it triggers B-lymphocytes to secrete antibodies with a Y-shape that have fragments called Fab that match the antigen's structure and an Fc fragment.

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    The immune system responds to foreign material called antigens, which are usually proteins found on bacteria, viruses, or other people's cells. The body has B-lymphocytes that produce antibodies, or immunoglobulin proteins, that match the specific structure of a non-self antigen. When a non-self antigen enters the body, it triggers B-lymphocytes to secrete antibodies with a Y-shape that have fragments called Fab that match the antigen's structure and an Fc fragment.

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    36 просмотров2 страницы

    The Immune System

    Загружено:

    Nayaab Kader
    The immune system responds to foreign material called antigens, which are usually proteins found on bacteria, viruses, or other people's cells. The body has B-lymphocytes that produce antibodies, or immunoglobulin proteins, that match the specific structure of a non-self antigen. When a non-self antigen enters the body, it triggers B-lymphocytes to secrete antibodies with a Y-shape that have fragments called Fab that match the antigen's structure and an Fc fragment.

    Авторское право:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Скачайте в формате DOC, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 2

    THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

    Reaction to Foreign Material


    Antigen

    Usually a protein (but polysaccharides, nucleic acid and lipids also act as antigens) Self-antigen
    o

    Only found on the host's own cells and does not trigger an immune response As these are proteins, their structure depends on the amino acid sequence The gene for this sequence is highly polymorphic, having several alleles at each loci There is great genetic variability between individuals Thus, antigen is different in other people injection would cause an immune response There is only 25% chance that siblings will possess an identical antigen (transplant will not be rejected)

    o o

    Non-self-antigen
    o

    Found on cells entering the body (e.g. bacteria, viruses, another person's cell) Can also be displayed by cancer cells May cause an immune response

    o o

    Antibody (Immunoglobin Protein)

    Secreted by B-lymphocytes and produced in response to a specific (foreign) non-self antigen B-lymphocyte's receptor site matches the non-self-antigen Each antibody is produced by one type of B-lymphocyte for only one type of antigen Has a Y-shape
    o o

    The two ends of the Y are called the Fab fragments The other end is called the Fc fragment

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