Date : 13 July 2011 Title : Properties of metals and non-metals.

Aim : To study the differences in the physical properties of metals and non- metals. Problem Statement: What are the differences in the physical properties of metals and non-metals? Hypothesis : Metals and non-metals differ in: (a) external properties (c) conductivity of electricity (b) malleability (d) conductivity of heat Variables : (a) that is kept constant: Types of apparatus in each activity. (b) that is manipulated: Types of materials (metal or nonmetal) (c) that responds : Differences in physical properties of metal and non-metal : Copper rod, carbon rod, glass rod, a piece of charcoal (carbon), copper wire, dry cell, bulb, sandpaper

Materials

Apparatus : Hammer, connecting wire, crocodile clip, Bunsen burner

Procedure and Observation Procedures of experiment Observation 1. The copper rod and the carbon rod Copper rod becomes _______ but were polished with sandpaper. the carbon rod remains black and 2. Observation was recorded. __________. 3. The copper rod and the piece of charcoal were pounded with a hammer. 4. Observation was recorded. Copper wire becomes _______ while the piece of charcoal is ___________.

5. The copper wire was connected to an electric circuit as shown in the diagram. 6. Observation was recorded. 7. Step 5 and 6 were repeated using a glass rod.
Copper rod

The bulb __________ when the copper wire is connected but it ____________ when the glass rod is connected.

heated

Glass rod

8. The copper and glass rods were held in the flame of Bunsen burner as shown in the diagram. 9. The ends of the rods were felt and the end that became hot first was noted.

The end of the _________ rod feels hot first before the end of the _________ rod.

Analysis

: 1. State one substance in this experiment that is a (a) metal : Copper (b) non-metal : Carbon 2. State two general characteristics for metals and nonmetals. (a) Metals have shiny surfaces and can be knocked. (b) Non-metals have dull surfaces and cannot be knocked. 3. Iodine crystals have black shiny surfaces. State whether iodine is metal or non-metal. Non-metal 4. Name a metal that is in a liquid state at room temperature. Mercury

Conclusion : 1. Can the hypothesis that has been made be accepted? Yes. 2. Metals and non-metals differ in external properties, malleability, conductivity of electricity, and conductivity of heat.