CORRECTIONS!! Subject: Surgery Topic: Principles of Surgical Oncology Lecturer: Dr. Malen M.

Gellido Sorry guys namiss ko ung corrections.. anyways pls add on n lng ung mga kulang, pls check the pages indicated below..happy aral- dezz Page 1: Incidence Rate of Neoplasms Malignant Neoplasms ranked number 3 in the overall cause of morbidity in 2005 - Causes of death in the Philippines as of 2005 (DOH): o 1st and 2nd =Cardiovascular disease o 3rd = Malignant Neoplasms Page 2:

Page 10 Wide resection y Local control is used by excising the tumor surrounding the normal tissue, regional control is disregarded.

Stage III Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Preoperative Chemotherapy

Mastectomy or Breast Conversation Therapy (BCT) if possible y y pre operative chemotherapy is given before the surgery to shrink the tumor. If chemotherapy is given before the surgery there will be less recurrence and improved survival. But if chemotherapy is NOT given before the surgery there is a chance for an early recurrence. Page 11

**In a cell cycle, there are a lot of checkpoints but if tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes enter the cycle they will bypass the checkpoints, causing a lot of mutations and later on they will become cancer. Page 9

RECURRENCE

**The lymphatic drainage of lesions in various anatomic locations throughout the colon. Tumor A in the cecum or ascending colon. A -> A (left colon) local margin is followed on the surgical resection to satisfy the regional control (lymph nodes) which are found along the vasculature (right colon) **The lymphatic drainage of lesions in various anatomic locations throughout the colon. y y y y Tumor A in the cecum or ascending colon. A -> A (left colon) local margin is followed on the surgical resection to satisfy the regional control (lymph nodes) which are found along the vasculature (right colon)

Metastases can sometimes arise several years after the treatment of primary tumors. o E.g breast cancer recurrences have been reported decades after the original tumor. Dormancy - cells remain viable in a quiescent state and then become reactivated by a physiologically perturbing event o Cells establish preangiogenic metastases in which they continue to proliferate but that proliferative rate is balanced by the apoptotic rate. End of transcription