Science Academy

Simon Haque,
Dept. of English, Batch: Excel Sheet on: Paragraphs (1st paper)

The changing role of women in our society

ccording to the traditional views, women were meant for rearing up children and doing household chores. But they have been proved wrong. Now-a-days,

women are seen to compete with men successfully in almost all spheres of human activities. They are now working as doctors, teachers, civil servants, pilots and above all, politicians. My parents are earning members of our family. In these days when economic problems are being acute, many women are working out of home and contributing to the family income. This is a good trend. Doing a job gives women independence and enhances their practice in the family and in the society. Outdoor activities give opportunities to come across various sorts of people. They widen outlook and give scope to enjoy life in a better way. There should not be gender discrimination in the matter if doing jobs. The young people can raise social awareness about female education and encourage women to participate in out-ofhome activities.

Globalization and its effects

lobalization means the free movement of goods, service, people and information across the national borders. The idea of globalization came into

practice only in the last decade though the idea was age old. The world has come

closer with the development of hi-tech communication media and rapid transport facilities. We can learn in not time what is happening in the remotest corner of the world. We are also able to go to any country in the shortest possible time. This is how countries of the world are like families in a village. However, as a result of globalization, capitalist countries are enjoying more opportunities by exploiting the poor countries. Globalization integrates global economy in a way which exerts influence over both economic and social relations among the countries of the world. Some critics say that globalization has come to defend the interest of the developed countries only. The poorer and developing countries should ensure good governance, efficient management and investment in infrastructure for globalization to work in favor of them. Otherwise they will be exploited by the capitalist countries in the process. If globalization is imposed upon a properly educated and properly trained labor force with proper system it will lead to development and progress. If the developed and developing nations are work together on terms of solidarity, equity and justice the progress of globalization will make our world a better place to live in.

Unfair means in the examination

do not support unfair means in the examination. Adopting unfair means in the examination is an evil practice and it degrades the moral values of students.

There are many reasons for adopting unfair means. The number of efficient teachers is not sufficient to teach a large number of students. Above all, students do not prepare the lessons; they waste time in gossiping and keep away from classrooms. They want only to get a certificate or a degree by hook or by crook. But fortunately the authorities have recently taken some measures to prevent unfair means. The whole system of examination gets changed. Now students are to go to other colleges for their centers. Teachers and students are given threat to be punished severely for adopting unfair means. Truly, students seem to be motivated to learn. Teachers are free from anxiety and the examinations are being held in a sound atmosphere free from unfair means. I think these preventive measures will improve the situation gradually.

Greenhouse Effect

he rise in atmospheric temperature is known as the greenhouse effect. The carbon dioxide is primarily responsible for temperature rise in atmosphere.

The carbon dioxide is given off when coal and oil are burnt. As a result, the ice covering the north and south poles is melting and may eventually lead to a rise in sea levels which can flood many areas of the world. Scientists have already given warning that some parts of coastal countries including Bangladesh may go under water due to greenhouse effect. The total area of deserts is increasing every year. Many species of animals and plants are endangered with the threat of extinction. Deliberate cutting down of forests must be stopped. Tree plantation programs should be adopted soon. Steps should be taken to put an end to the causes and sources of emitting carbon dioxide. These are the measures I prefer to adopt with a view to stopping the greenhouse effect.

Nuclear family

live in a nuclear family. Our family consists of four members- my father, my mother, my sister and me. Nuclear family is getting popularity now-a-days

because in such a family one can live according to ones own will. The expenditure here is less than that of an extended family. In a nuclear family one may have much facility. He can enjoy his own life. He has no bindings to anyone. The disadvantage of a nuclear family is that here one has to live alone. He has no companion to share his joys and sorrows. He feels lonely here. I do not like nuclear family. Because one has no friend or companion to share his or her feelings. There is none here to console him.

Deforestation

large area of land that abounds with trees, bushes etc. are called forest. And deforestation means cutting down trees in large numbers. Trees are useful to

us in various ways; they provide us with wood, food and other products, they give us shade and they help to prevent drought and floods. But the third of these services of trees is the most important. To draw quick profit from trees, men cut them down in large numbers. Trees are destroyed mostly for being used as fire wood. This destruction disturbs our ecological balance. It leads to soil erosion and deprives us of fruit and timber and causes economic loss. So, we have to realize the bad effects of deforestation. In fact, if deforestation goes on our country will be changed into desert. So, we have to educate our common people and to persuade them to abstain from cutting down trees. We should create awareness among the general people about the evils of destroying forests. We should also motivate them to plant more and more trees. Otherwise the forests of our country will slowly disappear and we will be in great miseries

Leisure/Pastimes

eisure is the time when a man has no work to do, when he is his own master and can arrange his work at his own will. Village people spend their leisure by flying

kites, fishing, swimming, gossiping and by engaging themselves in productive work such as gardening and farming. City people spend their leisure by playing, visiting different historical places, enjoying shows and exhibitions, going out for a picnic, reading books, watching TV and using computers. The common sports are football, cricket, chess etc. The common pastimes are gossiping, reading newspapers and watching TV programmes. In late winter people enjoy various kinds of games like badminton, volley-ball, dariabandha and ha-du-du. Sometimes winter-fair is observed in the villages. I think travelling is an expensive kind of pastimes although it increases ones knowledge and gives one some enjoyment by refreshing ones mind through watching many different places.

Load-shedding

oad means burden, shedding means minimizing. Therefore, load-shedding means the minimizing of burden of anything. Of late, in our country load-shedding in

electricity is acutely felt and seen which makes our life intolerable and boring. Load-shedding occurs when generation of power is less than the demand. So the shortage of electricity is not sufficient enough to provide electricity with all. Many problems are created by load-shedding. Mills and factories become idle, students cannot read if it is summer. The housewives grope in the darkness in the kitchen, the shops are closed down people in the cinema halls spend hours in stuffy suffocation for failure of the exhaust system sometimes there is no water in the tanks and no light in the streets. So the entire life- domestic and industrial comes to stand still. In these circumstances, we should do something to get rid of this common problem. We should follow the rules of the supply authority of the electricity strictly. We must prevent the loss of electricity as well as unnecessary use of electricity. Of course, the government must try its level best to provide electricity to all. It is imperative to mention here that load-shedding in quick succession can bring breach of the country. So the government should be conscious of it.

Effects of dowry

owry means property or money brought by a bride to her husband when they get married. Now-a-days the system of giving and taking dowry in marriage has

struck deeper roots in Bangladesh. Illiteracy, poverty and greed of the bridegroom are the main causes of this heinous system. In Bangladesh this is seen to be a major problem. In the Bangladeshi society this system is treated as a serious curse. Wife is inhumanly tortured, killed by her husband for dowry. Most of the parents are poor. They cant keep their word they give before marrying off their daughters. This leads to chaos and hellish unhappiness. However, the first thing to be done to stop this malpractice is to grow awareness to all. Movement against

dowry system should be started right now. We can get rid of this social vice by taking social reformative work urgently.

Environment pollution

ll we see around us are the elements of environment. However, air water and soil are some of the main elements. But they often pose to be a threat to our

life, particularly when they get polluted. They are polluted in many ways. Smoke is usually responsible for air pollution to create health hazard. It mixes with air and pollutes it. Man makes fire to cook food, to make bricks, to burn refuse and to melt pitch. Fire creates smoke and smoke pollutes air. And water is polluted through waste, insecticides and chemical fertilizers, oil etc. Trees are also a useful element of environment. Environmental pollution gives rise to ecological imbalance and brings about natural disasters. We should adopt measures to save environment. We should plant trees and work for afforestation. They cause rain and save the air from pollution, soil from erosion. People should be made aware of the importance of using sanitary latrine so that the pond water and river water remain pure. Government should also take steps to remove the factors that cause environment pollution.

The Sangsad Bhaban

he Sangsad Bhaban is the National Parliament House of Bangladesh. It is a wonderful building of modern architecture and technology. In fact, it is one of

the most beautiful parliament buildings of the world. It is a nine storied building, 155 feet high. It has 1650 doors, 335 windows and 365 ventilators. The yearly expenditure incurred in maintaining this building is staggering. The functional expenses are also enormous. Most people of Bangladesh are poor. Such a magnificent parliament house is a white elephant for this country. The members of the parliament or the law-makers of the country sit and hold their sessions here. They make laws and transact other business for the welfare of the people. They

are elected by the people end owe a great responsibility to them. They should be conscious of their responsibility towards the people and the huge expenditure incurred for the Sangsad Bhaban so that they may transact their business in a manner that they can bring about the highest benefit out of this grand building for achieving the best for the country and the people.

A Historical Place I visited

istorical place means a place which bears the testimony of history. So, visiting a historical place is truly interesting and exciting. The test examination was

really stressful and after it was over, we, four friends, decided to go to for one days outing to Mahasthangarh. It was December20, 2009 when we started for our visit. Historians say that Mahasthangarh is the site of Pundranagar, the oldest city of Bangladesh. There are some elevated places near Mahasthangarh. These places are known as Vitas, Kundas, Ghous and Dhaps. One part of the dried river is known as the ghat of Kankabadti. There is a museum at Mahasthangarh. Some images, dice, ornaments and pots excavated from Mahasthangarh attracted me most. We saw all these relics of the past and learnt a lot of things about our civilization. The Vitas were very interesting. We spent the day at Mahasthangarh and started back in the evening. It was indeed a rewarding visit. Such a visit broadens our outlook and enriches our knowledge.

Arsenic pollution

rsenic is a chemical element which is found in various metals. It is also found in trace amounts in human tissues. In higher doses arsenic compounds are

extremely poisonous. The contaminated ground water is another source of arsenic. They suffer immensely. The effect of arsenic pollution is dangerous. There is a major increase in the number of cases of disease caused by arsenic. The application of benzoic acid ointment and regular intake of vitamin C and E enriched multivitamin tablets is the medical treatment of the people who suffer from

arsenic sis. Co-operation from the government and non-government organizations can bring remedy. The remedy of the problem is that people should be made aware of the causes of arsenicosis so that they can get rid of it.

Grameen Bank

rameen Bank is an unconventional bank. It has reversed conventional banking practice by removing the need for collateral and created a banking system

based on mutual trust, accountability, participation and creativity. Processor Dr. Muhammad Yunus is the founder of Grameen Bank. It functions by providing credit to the poorest of the poor in rural Bangladesh, without any collateral. At Grameen Bank, credit is a cost effective weapon to fight poverty and it serves as a catalyst in the overall development of socio-economic conditions of the poor who have been kept outside the banking orbit on the ground that they are poor and hence not bankable. 6.74 million Borrowers, 97% of whom are women are the beneficiaries of the bank. Grameen Bank provides services in 72,833 villages covering more than 86% of the total villages in Bangladesh. Grameens Bank positive impact on its poor and formerly poor borrowers has been documented in many independent studies carried out by external agencies. It won many international prizes and recognition. The founder of the bank Professor Dr. Muhammad Yunus and the bank itself have won the Nobel Peace Prize in the year 2006, the highest international recognition in the world.

Global Warming

n recent years, there have been many alarming reports to the effect that the worlds climate is undergoing a significant change. All these reports provide

strong evidence that the world temperature is increasing day by day. This is called global warming. This increase in global warming is caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth. Most climatologists believe that the greenhouse effect is the likely cause of that global warming. Climatologists predict that

midway through this century, temperature may have risen by as much as 40 c. This could catastrophically reduce mankinds ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea levels and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. The alarming news about Bangladesh is that, as a result of the rise of the sea level southern part of the country may one day go under water. The destruction of forests and other habitats is causing the extinction of various plants and animals every day. If we destroy forests and burn down trees, the effects might eventually endanger us all. Then the weather pattern will change and the world will become much warmer. We can prevent it by planting trees in large numbers as well as by preserving those that were planted before.

Population Explosion

opulation explosion is the number one problem of our country. Compared to the land area, the country has too large a population to accommodate. It is

increasing everyday with a yearly rate of 1.48%. The result of this ceaseless growth is really dangerous. It will add to the problem of food and clothing, accommodation and education, employment and training, health and recreation, transport and sanitation and so on. Effective measures such as family planning and prevention of early marriage should be implemented strictly to stop this fearful situation. The govt. should take the necessary care and mass media should broadcast programmes for raising awarness among people. Of course the population can be transformed into manpower. But, that requires proper education and training, employment opportunity and good working prospects. We can also export skilled and non-skilled manpower to other countries.

Mobile Phone

obile phone is an important medium of communication and correspondence which helps intercommunicationwith the people in the shortest possible time.

The use of mobile phone is more convenient than telephone call. The man who sends the message will have to pay the bill but the receiver can respond to the message without any payment. Especially businessmen and the serviceholders are much benefited through the use of mobile phone. It is useful for the doctors, businessmen and high officials. But it is also useful for the people who is shopping and supplying in valuable information in his house. Sometimes, the criminals are using this phone to maintain their secrecy. By using the mobile phone, the terrorists and criminals carry out their evil designs and commit crimes without much difficulty. In spite of this there is no better alternative to Mobile phone to make the latest civilization for communication and correspondence.

The Necessity of Education

The necessity of education is immense. Education is one of the basic needs of human being. It is also essential for any kind of development. The purpose of education is to enlighten the individual and develop his/her capacity to the limit. It is often compared to light that removes the darkness of ignorance. It also helps us distinguish between right and wrong. At present the educational institutions are overcrowded and class size is large. The academic course is also affected by politics and violence. It enables us to make the right choices in life and to perform our duties properly. It ennobles our mind and refines our sensibility. It also broadens our outlook and promotes humanity and universal brotherhood. Thus education promotes understanding among people. It is only education that can help us adopt rational attitude. This could be used as catalyst for a change for the better. Education provides us with the knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. It also enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. Thus education contributes enough towards change for the better and its necessity is obvious.

The celebration of 21st February/ 16th December/ 26th March

very nation has some days to remember and to observe. Like other nations, Bangladesh has also some highly important days to observe. is one

of them. It is a historical day in our country. It is a red letter day in the history of Bangladesh. . is our .. day. Every year we observe this day with great solemnity. We remember the supreme sacrifices of the heroic sons who died for the country. People of Bangladesh celebrate the with due respect and enthusiasm. The day begins with gun shots. The whole country wears a festive look. The national flag is kept hoisted/ half hoisted on the top of each house. Special prayers in each mosque and temple are held. On special foods are supplied in each hospital and prison. Many meetings, seminers and discussions are held. People of all walks go to the national memorial and the Shahid-Minar. They offer flowers there as a symbol of homage to the heroic sons. is a day of great joy, hope and inspiration. It symbolies our victory against injustice, tyranny and falsehood. We learn many things from . We will never forget the day.

Gender Descrimination

ender Descrimination is the difference between male and female in respect of enjoying human rights.It is severe in Bangladesh which starts at birth. Female

child, girls women and destitute old ladies are the worst sufferers. It is thought that mentally and physically women are not suitable for many jobs. Most parents want to have children so that they can suppliment their family income and help with the domestic work when the parents will grow older. In the existing socio-economic set up, male children are best suited to this purpose. So parents think the female child a burden to them. The society will be deprived of the service of the half of the population if the women are neglected. It will hinder progress. So everybody should treat male and female equally. Only then this problem can be solved.

E-mail

lectronic mail popularly known as e-mail is the communicationof textual massage via electronic means. In this system, a personal computer, a modem

and telephone connection are necessary.It requires an e-mail account number. Email is delivered to individual electronic mail boxes based in computers. Messages can be transmitted from one country to another within seconds. It is far cheaper than telephone calls. Privacy is ensured as the e-mail is delivered to an individuals mail box which can be accessed or opened by the intended recipient. An important advantage of e-mail is its ability to reduce the consumption of paper in the office. Nowadays trade and commerce have become greatly dependent on this speedy mode of communication. E-mail gives us an opportunity to reach the international arena. It establishes almost instantaneous communication to any part of the world and maintains worldwide information network with remote areas of the globe. Email has made the communication system easier. E-mail communication is the latest invention in communication system. It helps all classes of people. Trade and commerce has become greatly dependent on e-mail because it is a speedy mode of communication.

Female Education In Bangladesh

he overall state of female education in Bangladesh is not yet satisfactory. In the past, there was a tradition among the people that women would live within

the boundary of their houses and they would do only household chores. At the time, women were deprived of the light of education. Even they could not move freely, could not participate in any voluntary work on account of our social prejudices. But now this idea has changed but their fate is not fully changed. Gradually, they are encouraged to study and are admitted into schools, colleges and universities in large numbers. The govt. has taken a new step to make education free for the girls upto a certain level. Yet, many people do not like to send their children to schools, colleges and universities. Our women are lagging behind in education and consciousness.the rate of literacy in our country is around 40%

whereas female literacy is around 20%. An uneducated man is hardly better than a blindman. An educated mother can give us an educated nation. When we dream of an illiteracy free society, we should educate all women first. A child will never remain illiterate if his/her mother is educated. An educated women can also help her family financially. Though the government has made female edcation free up to class 12, they should do something ,ore to make all women educated without delay.