Magic square

In recreational mathematics, a magic square of order n is an arrangement of n2 numbers, usually distinct integers, in a square, such that the n numbers in all rows, all columns, and both diagonals sum to the same constant.[1] A normal magic square contains the integers from 1 to n2. The term "magic square" is also sometimes used to refer to any of various types of word square. Normal magic squares exist for all orders n 1 except n = 2, although the case n = 1 is trivial, consisting of a single cell containing the number 1. The smallest nontrivial case, shown below, is of order 3.

Saturn=15 4 9 2 3 5 7 8 1 6

Jupiter=34 4 14 15 1 9 7 6 12 5 11 10 8 16 2 3 13

7 12 1 14 2 13 8 11 16 3 10 5 9 6 15 4

= 34

The constant sum in every row, column and diagonal is called the magic constant or magic sum, M. The magic constant of a normal magic square depends only on n and has the value

492 357 816 =9

For normal magic squares of order n = 3, 4, 5, ..., the magic constants are: 15, 34, 65, 111, 175, 260, ... (sequence A006003 in OEIS).