Titch

. .
. .
1948
.. .
. .. .
OCR TEX E.G.A. (www.ega-math.narod.ru)
26/I 1948 . 30 . . 32,19 .-. . 42 800 . . . .
6 000 . 10016. 19 . 2 . 725.
16- .
, , 9.
, . ,
:
;
, ; ; ;
,
, 1 .
,
.
1 .
, ,
, - . , ,
. ,
, , ..;
,
.
. . 397.
I.
1.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.56. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.89. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.11. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
1.12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
1.13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
1.14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
1.15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
1.16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
1.17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
1.18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
1.1920. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
1.2123. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
1.24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
1.25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1.26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
1.27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
1.28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
1.29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
1.30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
II.
2.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
2.25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
2.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
2.89. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
2.10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
2.11. - . . . . . . . . 77
2.12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
III. L2
3.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
3.2. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
3.3. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
3.4. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
3.58. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
3.9. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
3.10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
3.1112. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
3.13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
3.1415. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
3.16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
3.17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
IV. L-
4.12. Lp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
2k
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
4.3. 74 p = 2k1
4.45. p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
4.6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
4.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
4.89. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
4.10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
4.11. 75 79 p > 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
4.12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
4.13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
4.14. Me Lp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
V.
;
5.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
5.29. L2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
5.1013. Lp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
5.14. p = 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
5.15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
5.16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
5.17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
5.18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
VI.
6.16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
6.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
6.8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
6.9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185
6.1012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
6.13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
VII.
7.1. - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
7.2. - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
7.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
7.4. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
7.5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
7.6. , - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
7.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
7.8. , -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212
7.9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
7.10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
7.11. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
7.12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
7.1314. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
VIII.

8.13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
8.4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
8.5. L2 - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
8.6. 129, 130 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
8.7. 131 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
8.8. 131 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
8.9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
8.10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
8.11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
8.1216. k- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
8.17. 134 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
8.18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
8.19. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
IX. ,
9.13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
9.4. L2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
9.56. Lp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
9.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
9.8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
9.9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
9.10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
9.11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
9.12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
9.13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
9.1417. , ,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
X.
10.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
10.25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
10.615. . . . . . . . . . 305
10.1617. - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .322
10.18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
XI.
11.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
11.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
11.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
11.4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
11.5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .336
11.6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
11.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
11.8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
11.9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .344
11.1011. . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
11.1213. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .353
11.14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
11.15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .357
11.16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
11.17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
11.18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
11.19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
11.20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .372
11.21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
11.2223. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
11.24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
11.25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .383
11.26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
11.27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .397
, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
1.1. . 1 . ,
,
. f (x),
2, :
nx
nx
a0 X
+
an cos
+ bn sin
.
f (x) =
2
n=1
am , bm
cos mx sin mx
. :
Z
Z
1
mt
1
mt
f (t) cos
dt,
bm =
f (t) sin
dt,
am =

f (x)
Z
Z
X
1
1
n(x t)
f (x) =
f (t) dt +
f (t) cos
dt.
2

n=1
n = u, 1 = u
, ,
Z Z
1
f (x) =
du
f (t) cos u(x t) dt.
(1.1.1)
0
. ,
, .
(1.1.1)
Z
f (x) =
[a(u) cos xu + b(u) sin xu] du
(1.1.2)
0
. . 397.
10
[. i
( ),
Z
Z
1
1
a(u) =
f (t) cos ut dt,
b(u) =
f (t) sin ut dt.

(1.1.3)
f (x) ,
Z
2
a(u) =
f (t) cos ut dt,
0
b(u) ;
Z
Z
2
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt.
f (x) =
0
0
(1.1.4)
- . , f (x) , a(u)
, - :
Z
Z
2
f (x) =
sin xu du
f (t) sin ut dt.
(1.1.5)
0
0
(1.1.1) (1.1.4) (1.1.5). , f (x)
( ) g(x)
h(x):
f (x) =
f (x) + f (x) f (x) f (x)

+
= g(x) + h(x);
2
2
Z
Z
f (t) cos u(xt) dt = 2 cos ux
Z
g(t) cos ut dt+2 sin ux
h(t) sin ut dt,
(1.1.1)
g(x) + h(x) = 2
cos xu du
g(t) cos ut dt +
0
0
Z
Z
2
+
sin xu du
h(t) sin ut dt,
0
0
.. - g(x) - h(x).
1
.
. 1
Cauchy (1), (2); . , ,

. 398416.
1.1]
11
(1.1.1) , , 0
Z
Z
u
1
e
du
f (t) cos u(x t) dt =
0
Z
Z
Z
u
1
1
f (t) dt
e
cos u(x t) du =
f (t) 2
=
dt.

+ (x t)2
0
f (t)
t, t = x, .
, ,
f (t) f (x);
Z
f (x)
dt = f (x),
2
2
+ (x t)
(1.1.1).
, (1.1.1):
Z
Z
1
ixu
f (x) =
e
du
eiut f (t) dt.
(1.1.6)
2
, , f (x) = g(x) + h(x), g h

,
Z
Z
Z
iut
e f (t) dt = 2
g(t) cos ut dt + 2i
h(t) sin ut dt,
(1.1.6)
Z
Z
Z
Z
2
2
cos xu du
g(t) cos ut dt +
sin xu du
h(t) sin ut dt =
0
0
0
0
= g(x) + h(x) = f (x).
(1.1.6) .
,
(1.1.1) , (0, ), .

Z
sin (x t)
1
(1.1.7)
f (x) = lim
f (t)
dt.
xt
(1.1.6). (1.1.7) f (x)

.
12
[. i
1.2. . ,
, , .
q Z
Fc (u) = 2
f (t) cos ut dt,
(1.2.1)
0
(1.1.4)
q Z
f (x) = 2
Fc (u) cos xu du,
0
(1.2.2)
, f (x) Fc (x) .
.
, , - -
. ,
q
2 1
ex ,
1 + x2
- .
, -
q Z
Fs (u) = 2
f (t) sin ut dt,
(1.2.3)
0
q Z
Fs (u) sin xu du.
(1.2.4)
f (x) = 2
0
.
-
- . ,
q
x
2 x
e ,
1 + x2
- .
(1.1.6) ()
Z
1
F (u) =
eiut f (t) dt,
(1.2.5)
2
Z
1
eixu F (u) du.

(1.2.6)
f (x) =
2

. ,
q
1
|x|
f (x) = e ,
F (x) = 2
1 + x2
1.3]
13
.
f (x) , F (x) = Fc (x); f (x) , F (x) = iFs (x).
1.3.
. ,
F (u), f (x) . F (u) ,
Z
1
F+ (w) =
eiwt f (t) dt,
(1.3.1)
2 0
Z 0
1
eiwt f (t) dt,
(1.3.2)
F (w) =
2
w = u + iv, , , : v,
v. ,
Z
1
F+ (w) =
evt eiut f (t) dt,
(1.3.3)
2 0
F+ (w) , evt f (t)
t > 0 0 t < 0. (1.3.3)
vx
Z
1
e f (x) (x > 0),
ixu
e
F+ (u + iv) du =
0
(x < 0),
2

Z
1
f (x) (x > 0),
ix(u+iv)
e
F+ (u + iv) du =
0
(x < 0).
2
F . ,

Z ia+
Z ib+
1
1
ixw
f (x) =
e
F+ (w) dw +
eixw F (w) dw, (1.3.4)
2 ia
2 ib
a , b
.
, , f (x) = ex ,
1
1
,
F+ (w) =
2 1 + iw
1
1
F (w) =
.
2 1 + iw
(1.3.4) .
14
[. i

. f (x) 2.
v > 0
Z
Z
1
1 X 2(n+1) ixw
ixw
F+ (w) =
e f (x) dx =
e f (x) dx =
2 0
2 n=0 2n
Z
1 X 2 i(+2n)w
=
e
f () d =
2 n=0 0
Z 2
1
1
eiw
(w)
f () d =
,
=
2iw
2 0 1 e
2 1 e2iw
Z
2
eiw f () d.
(w) =
1
(w)
F (w) =
(v < 0).
2 1 e2iw

Z ia+
Z ib+
1
(w)
1
(w)
ixw
f (x) =
e
dw
eixw
dw.
2iw
2 ia
1e
2 ib
1 e2iw
(w) .
,
1 X
f (x) =
(n)einx .
2 n=
f (x).
1.4. .
Z
(s) =
esx f (x) dx
(1.4.1)
. (s),
, Re s > 0.

Z k+i
1
f (x) (x > 0),
sx
e (s) ds =
(1.4.2)
0
(x < 0).
2i ki

1.2, , s = k + it.
1.5]
15
X
f (x) =
an xn ,
n=0
, f (x)
(1.4.1) .
Z
X
X
n! an
sx n
(s) =
an
e x dx =
,
n+1
s
0
n=0
n=0
X
1 1 =
n! an sn .
s
s
n=0
, f (x), (s)
, s = .
C, w = 0,
,
Z
Z
X
1 X
ezw
1
zw
e (w) dw =
n! an
dw =
an z n = f (z). (1.4.3)
n+1
2i C
2i n=0
C w
n=0
, f (z) , .
1.5. .
:
Z
F(s) =
f (x)xs1 dx,
(1.5.1)
0
Z c+i
1
f (x) =
F(s)xs ds.
(1.5.2)
2i ci

1 . 2
3 . (1.5.1)
(1.5.2) .
. ,
Z c+i
Z
1
x s1
x
(s)xs ds (c > 0)
(s) =
e x dx, e =
2i
ci
0
1
2
3
Riemann (1).
Cahen (1).
Mellin (1), (2).
16
[. i
. (s) ,
:
X
an
(s) =
.
s
n
n=1
:
Z
Z
X
an
1
nx s1
(s) =
e x dx =
f (x)xs1 dx,
(s)
(s)
0
0
n=1
f (x) =
an enx ;
n=1
,
1
2i
c+i
s
(s)(s)x
ci
Z c+i
X
an
ds =
(s)(nx)s ds =
2i
ci
n=1
=
an enx = f (x).
n=1
(s)(s) = F(s), (1.5.1), (1.5.2).

. ,
x = e s = c + it, (1.5.1)
Z
F(c + it) =
f (e )e(c+it) d,
(1.5.2)
1
f (e ) =
2
F(c + it)e(c+it) dt.
, 2 ec f (e ), F(c + it) .
, f (x)
x = 0 ,
.
Z
f (z)(z)s1 dz,
s1
(z)
e(s1) ln(z) ln(z), , ,
, z =
= 0
.
1.6]
17
. , ,
Z
Z
(s1)(ln xi)
is
f (x)e
dx = e
f (x)xs1 dx,
0
, ,
Z
Z
(s1)(ln x+i)
is
f (x)e
dx = e
f (x)xs1 dx.
0
f (z)(z)s1 dz = 2i sin s F(s).

(s) = F(s) sin s,
:
Z
1
f (z)(z)s1 dz,
(s) =
2i
Z
1 c+i (s)z s
f (z) =
ds.
2i ci sin s

f (z) = ez ,
(s) =
(1.5.3)
(1.5.4)
1
.
(1 s)
1 ; , .
1.6. ,
, Encyklopadie der
mathematischen Wissenschaften2 .
. ,
.
.
,
.
, .
1
2
Carlson (1).
. . 397.
18
[. i
1.7. .
Z
f (x) dx
0
f (x) (0, ), , , ..
|f (x)| dx.
f (x) (0, X) X
Z X
lim
f (x) dx
X
,
Z
f (x) dx.
0
.
. ,
Z 1
f (x) dx
0

Z 1
f (x) dx,
, .
R
f (x) dx .
0
, , .
, f (x) Lp (a, b), f (x)
Z
b
|f (x)|p dx < .
L L.
Z X
l.i.m.
f (x, ) dx
X
(limit in mean ) ()
,
1.8]
Z b
Z

lim
()
19
p

f (x, ) dx d = 0,
a, b p .

z = x + iy,
w = u + iv,
s = + it,
= + i.
f (x), , (1.2.5), (1.2.1), (1.2.3), (1.3.1), (1.3.2), (1.5.1), , ,

F (x),
Fc (x),
Fs (x),
F+ (w),
F (w),
F(s).
, . , - , (1.2.5), (1.2.6), ,
.
, g, G, G+ , G ..
A , . K
, .
, fn (x) f (x) , |fn (x)| 6 K n x, , |fn (x)| 6 (x), (x) L . 1 ,
Z
Z
lim
fn (x) dx = f (x) dx;
n
,
, , .
1.8. . ,
,
. .
1. f (x) L(, ).
Z
Z
f (x) cos x dx,
f (x) sin x dx
(1.8.1)
, , 10.5, 10.8. [. .. , , . V, 3 . VI, 3,

.. .. , , 3- ., . IX, 6. . .]
20
[. i
.
. , , . . X,
Z
Z X
|f (x)| dx < ,
|f (x)| dx < ,
X
, ,
Z

< ,
f
(x)
cos
x
dx

X

f (x) cos x dx <
. , (x),
(X, X) ,
Z X
|f (x) (x)| dx < .
X

[f (x) (x)] cos x dx <
. ,
Z X
(x) cos x dx =
X
(X) sin X (X) sin X

1
=
+
0 (x) sin x dx,

X
( X) 0 ,
> 0 , , .

Z

< 4 ( > 0 ).
f
(x)
cos
x
dx

, . , .
2. f (x) L(, ). ,
Z Z
1
du
f (t) cos u(x t) dt = a,
(1.8.2)
0
,
Z
sin y
(1.8.3)
lim
dy = 0.
[f (x + y) + f (x y) 2a]
0
y
1.9]
21
. |f (t) cos u(x t)| 6 |f (t)|,

Z
f (t) cos u(x t) dt
u.
Z Z
Z
Z
du
f (t) dt
cos u(x t) du =
0
0
Z
sin (x t)
=
f (t)
dt.
xt
f (t)/(x t) (, x )
(x + , ), ,
Z x
Z
sin (x t)
sin (x t)
dt = 0, lim
dt = 0.
lim
f (t)
f (t)

x+
xt
xt
lim
x+
x
sin (x t)
f (t)
dt =
xt
sin y
2a
dy = lim 2a
[f (x + y) + f (x y)]
sin v
dv = 2a
v
sin y
dy,
y
sin v
dv = a.
v
, (1.8.2) (1.8.3) .
1.9. . ,
, , , .
3. f (t) L(, ). , x, f (t) ,
Z Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
1
=
du
(1.9.1)
0
2
f (t) (a, b) ,
Z Z
1
du
f (t) cos u(x t) dt,
(1.9.2)
f (x) =
0
22
[. i
, (a, b).
. f (x)
.
(y) = f (x + y) + f (x y) f (x + 0) f (x 0)
(0, ) ,
(y) 0 y 0.
(y) = 1 (y) 2 (y),
1 (y) 2 (y) , (0, ) y 0.

, 1 (y) 6 y 6 .
Z
Z
Z
sin y
sin y
sin y
1 (y)
dy =
1 (y)
dy +
1 (y)
dy.
y
y
y
0
Z
Z
sin y
sin v
1 ()
dy = 1 ()
dv (0 < < ),
y
v
Z
sin v

dv ,
v
Z

sin y

1 (y)
dy < A

y
0
1 (y)
y
(, ), , ,
Z
sin y
lim
1 (y)
dy = 0.

y
. ,
, ,
Z
sin y
dy = 0.
lim
1 (y)
0
y
, ,
2 (y), . ,
Z
sin y
lim
(y)
dy = 0,
0
y
, 2, 3.
1.9]
23
f (x) (a, b), 12 [f (x+0)+f (x0)] = f (x);

f (x) , (a, b), ,
, , , .
4. f (x) L(, ). x
(1.9.2) ,

Z
f (x + y) + f (x y) 2f (x)

dy
(1.9.3)

y
0
. , , f (x) x.
1 2
a = f (x). f (x) , (1.9.3) , .
f (t)
L(, ). , ,
51 .
1 + |t|
Z
sin y
1
a1 (x) =
f (y)
dy
(1.9.4)

y
b1 (x) = 1
1 cos xy
dy 1
f (y)
y
1
Z
f (y)
cos xy
dy (1.9.5)
y
0 < 6 x 6 ,
a(x), b(x), , . , , f (t)
t = x 3
4.
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
=
[a(u) cos xu + b(u) sin xu] du.
2
0
. , |x| > 1 f (x) .
Z x Z 1
Z 1
sin xy
1
1
d
f (y) cos y dy =
f (y)
dy = a1 (x),
0
y
1
1
a(x) = 1
Hahn (2).
f (y) cos xy dy
1
24
[. i
x. ,
Z 1
1
b(x) =
f (y) sin xy dy
1
x. 3
4.
f (x)
f (x) = 0 |x| < 1.
L(, ). ,
x
3 4,
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
=
[b1 (u) cos xu + a1 (u) sin xu] du.
2x
0

Z
1
sin xu
b1 (u) cos xu du = b1 (u)
b(u) sin xu du =
x 0
x 0
Z
1
b(u) sin xu du,
=
x 0
b1 (u) 0 u .
Z
Z
cos xu 1
a1 (u) sin xu du = a1 (u)
a(u) cos xu du =
+
x
x 0
0
0
Z
1
a(u) cos xu du,
=
x 0
a1 (u) 0 u 0 u .
.

f (x) , , ,
|x| > 1 |x| < 1 f (x).
1.10. 1 . , f (t) t ,
Z
Z
f (t) cos ut dt,
f (t) sin ut dt
0
u > 0 ,
f (t) dt
. ,
, .
1
Pringsheim (1).
1.10]
25
6. f (t) , (0, ) , 0, f (t) 0 t .

x
Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
2
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt.
=
0
2
0
.

Z 0

Z T 00
T

2f (T + 0)

f (t) cos ut dt = f (T + 0)
.
cos ut dt 6

T

u
T
R
0 f (t) cos ut dt
0 < 6 u 6 u. ,
Z
Z
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt =
0
Z
Z
Z
1
f (t)
=
f (t) dt
cos xu cos ut du =
2 0
0

sin (x t) sin (x t) sin (x + t) sin (x + t)
dt.
xt
xt
x+t
x+t
Ho
Z

Z T0
sin (x t)
sin (x t)
f (t)
dt = f (T + 0)
dt < Af (T + 0),

xt
xt
T
. T0 (),
Z

sin
(x
t)

<
f
(t)
.
.
.
dt

x
t
T
T > T0 () . T
Z T
sin (x t)
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
lim
f (t)
dt =
0
xt
2
3,
lim
f (t)
sin (x + t)
dt = 0
x+t
. ,

Z T
Z T

sin
(x
t)

f (t) dt 0
f (t)
dt 6

xt
0
0
26
[. i
0. .
7. f (t) 6.
x
Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
2
=
sin xu du
f (t) sin ut dt.
0
2
0
.
Z

Z T

f (t) sin ut dt = f (1 + 0)
sin ut dt =

1

1
cos u cos uT 2f (1 + 0)
6
= f (1 + 0)

u
u
Z
f (t) sin ut dt = O(1)
u 0, u
. ,
6.
, , , ,
3 4.
1.11. , 1 .
8. f (t) = g(t) cos at (a > 0), g(t) , (0, 1) t .
x
Z a Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
2
=
+
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt.
2
0
a
0
. ,
Z
g(t) cos at cos ut dt,
0
u,
, u = a.
> 0
Z a
Z
cos xu du
g(t) cos at cos ut dt
0
Pringsheim (1).
1.11]
27
. , ,
Z a
Z
Z
Z a
. . . , (1.11.1)
...
g(t) cos at cos ut dt =
cos xu du
0
,
Z
Z
lim
g(t) cos at dt
0
cos xu cos ut du = 0.
, t
0 6 t 6 T , T .
,
Z
Z a
lim
g(t) cos at dt
cos xu cos ut du = 0,
0
lim
g(t) cos at
sin a(x t) sin(a )(x t)

+
xt

sin a(x + t) sin(a )(x + t)
+
dt = 0.
x+t
, T > x

Z
1
1
g(t) cos at [sin a(x t) sin(a )(x t)]
+
dt 0,
xt t
T
.
, x + t.
Z
g(t) cos at
[sin a(x + t) sin(a )(x + t)
t
T
sin a(x t) + sin(a )(x t)] dt =
Z
g(t) cos at
=2
[cos ax sin at cos(a )x sin(a )t] dt.
t
T

Z
Z
g(t)
g(t)
2
cos at sin(a )t dt =
[sin(2a )t sin t] dt
t
t
T
T
0,
Z T20
Z T2
sin t
g(t)
sin t dt = g(T1)
dt = O{g(T1)}
t
t
T1
T1
28
[. i

Z T2
Z T200
sin(2a )t
g(t)
sin(2a )t dt = g(T1 )
dt = O{g(T1)}.
t
t
T1
T1
g(t)
cos at sin(a )t dt
t
g(t)
cos at sin at dt,
t
(1.11.1) .
, (a + 0, ).
Z a Z
Z
+
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt =
0
a
0

Z
1
sin (x t) sin (x + t)
=
f (t)
+
dt.
2 0
xt
x+t
,
Z T0
Z T 0 x
sin (x t)
sin y
cos at
dt =
cos a(x + y)
dy =
xt
y
T
T x
Z T 0 x
Z T 0 x
sin ay sin y
cos ay sin y
dy sin ax
dy
= cos ax
y
y
T x
T x
a x T > 2x, > 2a. ,
,
Z
sin (x t)
g(t) cos at
dt = O{g(T )},
xt
T
6.
9. f (t) = g(t) sin at (a > 0), g(t) , 8. x
Z a Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
2
= lim
+
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt.
0 0
2
a+
0
Z
g(t)
, ,
dt ,
t
Z a Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
2
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt.
=
+
2
a
0
0
1.11]
29
. , 8, , , 0 6 u 6 ( > a), ,
Z
g(t) sin at
[cos(a + )x sin(a + )t cos(a )x sin(a )t] dt 0
t
T
0, ..
Z
g(t)
cos ax cos x
sin at cos at sin t dt
t
T
Z
g(t)
sin ax sin x
sin2 at cos t dt 0.
t
T

. sin2 at = 12 (1 cos 2at).
Z
g(t)
cos 2at cos t dt
t
T

,
Z 1/
Z

Z
g(t)
dt
cos t dt = O
+O g 1
cos t dt =
1/
t
t
T
T

n o

= O ln 1 + O g 1 = O ln 1 .
sin x ln 1 0, .
Z
g(t) sin at
[cos ax sin at cos(a )x sin(a )t] dt.
t
T
, ,
Z , , ,
g(t)
dt. ,
t
T
.
,
.
101 . f (t) = g(t)h(t), g(t), g(t)
, ,
L(, ), a h(t) 1 + |t|
1
Hahn (2).
30
[. i
( a) ,
. f (t) t = x 3 4. f (x)
:
Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0) X 1 2(n+1)/a
du
=
2n/a
2
n=0
. g(t) ,
Z (n+1)a
Z (n+1)a
|f (t)|
|g(t)h(t)|
dt =
dt 6
1+t
1+t
na
na
Z
Z na
g(na) (n+1)a
g(na)
g(t)
<K
dt.
6
|h(t)| dt < K
1 + na na
1 + na
(n1)a 1 + t
,
5,
f (t)
L(, ). , , 1 + |t|
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
= 1
2x
[b1 (u) cos xu + a1 (u) sin xu] du,
a1 (u), b1 (u) , , (1.9.4), (1.9.5).

,
n Z a
n Z (+1)a
X
X
ixy
h(x)e dx =
h(x)ei(a+x)y dx =
=m
=m 0
imay
Z
ei(n+1)ay a
=
h(x)eixy dx,
1 eiay
0
, , , y = 0, 2 , 4 , . . .
a
a
Z x2
cos
h(x)
xy dx
sin
x1
e
x1 x2 y.
,
Z
cos
1
g(x)h(x)
xy dx

sin
; a(y), b(y)
. a1 (y), b1 (y) a(y), b(y) ,
1.12]
31
2(n+1)/a
b1 (u) cos xu du =
2n/a
2(n+1)/a
Z
sin xu
1 2(n+1)/a
= b1 (u)
b(u) sin xu du;

x 2n/a
x 2n/a
a1 (u) a(u).
a1 b1 . , .
1.12. .
, f (x), , , .
f (x) , , ,
, ,
.
111 . f (t) = (t) cos (t) f (t) = (t) sin (t),
(t) ,
, t = 0, t 0 (t)
,
. , , (t) , 0 (t)
(t)
t,

p
(1.12.1)
(t) = o t 00 (t) .
f (x) = 2
cos
xu du
sin
f (t)
cos
ut dt,
sin
(1.12.2)
(I) 00 (t) , 00 (t + 1) = O{ 00(t)}, (t + 1) = O{(t)},
(II) 00 (t) , t 00 (t) > K, (2t) = O{(t)}.

.
(t)
. 0
, a g(t) h (t)
,

Z b
cos
(t)
(t)g(t)
h(t) dt = O g(a) max 0
.
sin
h (t)
a
1
; . L a n d a u, Vorlesungen
u
ber Zahlentheorie, Satz 413.
32
[. i
(t)
, , , 0
h (t)
,
Z b
Z b
(t)
(a<<b)
(t)g(t) cos h(t) dt =
g(t)h0 (t) cos h(t) dt =
0
a
a h (t)
Z
Z
(b) b
(<<b) (b)
0
= 0
g(t)h (t) cos h(t) dt =
g()
h0 (t) cos h(t) dt =
h (b)
h0 (b)
(b)
g()[sin h() sin h()].
h0 (b)
. .
. (1.12.2) ,
Z T0

lim
(t)
cos
(t)
ut
dt = 0.
(1.12.3)
0
=
T,T
(t) 0 (t)
(t)
=
.
0 (t) u
0 (t) 0 (t) u
, , ,
u
1 0
,
(t) u
.
(1.12.3) ; ,
, u.
,
Z
Z
Z
Z
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt =
f (t) dt
cos xu cos ut du.
0
, ,
T
Z
sin (x t)
lim
f (t)
dt = 0.
T
xt
(I). , (t)
t > T , , ,
Z t0 Z t0 + Z
Z

(t)
+
+
= J1 + J2 + J3 ,
cos (t) + (x t) dt =
T
t0
t0 +
T tx
1.13]
33
(t)
0 (t0 ) = .
t < t0 , ,
0 (t)
,

(t0 )
(t0 )
J1 = O
=O
=
t0 [ 0 (t0 ) 0 (t0 )]
t0 00 (t0 )

(t0 )
=O
,
(1.12.4)
t0 00 (t0 )
, = O(1). ,

(t)
(t)
= 0
1+ 0
0 (t)
(t)
(t)
t > t0 . , J1 ,

(t0 )
J3 = O
.
t0 00 (t0 )
,
J2 = O
Z
t0 +
t0

(t)

dt = O (t0 ) .
x t
t0
(1.12.1),
= p 100
(t0 )
!
(t0 )
p
= o(1).
J1 + J2 + J3 = O
t0 00 (t0 )
, t0 .
(t) .
(t) , (1.12.4)

(T )
J1 = O
t0 00 (t0 )
, = 1.
(II) .
, ,
(t) = et/2 , (t) = et
(t) = 1, (t) = t ln t.
1.13. .
Z
sin x
dx = .
x
2
0
34
[. i
, C, , , -

Z
Z
1
f (x) =
cos xu du
f (t) cos ut dt.
C 0
0

C. , f (t) = et x = 0,
Z
Z
Z
1 du
1
t
du
e cos ut dt =
,
1=
C 0
C 0 1 + u2
0
du
= C.
1 + u2
f (x) = 1 (x > 0), ( 6)

x
Z
Z
1
cos ut
1
=
dt =
cos xu du
x
C 0
t
0
Z
2
Z
Z
cos y
cos y
cos xu
1
1
du
=
dy =
dy ,
C 0
y
y
u
C x
0
0

cos y
dy = C.
y
VII.
, 1.27, , .
1.14. . (1.1.7), ..
, . ,
,
f (x).
121 .
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
sin (x t)
1
f (t)
= lim
dt

2
xt
,
1
Prasad (1), Pringsheim (1), Hobson (1).
1.14]
Ia)
35
f (x)
L(, ),
1 + |x|
f (x)
(a, )
x
(, a) a x ,
Z x
1
Ic)
f (t) dt
x 1
(a, ), x ,
(, a),
II) , x , f (t)
- .
. , 1.9,
T ,

Z T

Z

sin
(x
t)
sin
(x
t)
<
<

dt
f
(t)
dt
f
(t)

xt
xt
Ib)
> 0 . ,
Ia). , ,
1.10,
Ib).
1).
Z
1 x
(x) =
f (t) dt.
x 1
f (x) = x0 (x) + (x),
, x0 (x) Ia), (x) Ib).

Ic) Ia). ,
Z
f (x)
1 x
0
(x) =
2
f (t) dt.
x
x 1
Ia) , L(1, );
,
Z
Z
Z
Z
1
1
dx x
=
+
|f
(t)|
dt
|f
(t)|
dt
|f (x)| dx 6
2
1
1 x
1 x
1
Z
1
6
|f (x)| dx < K.
1 x
36
[. i
0 (x) L(1, ) , ,
Ic). , ,

Z
Z
Z x
Z Z t
1 x
1 x f (t)
f (t)
1 x
f (u)
f (t) dt =
t
dt =
dt
du dt,
x 1
x 1
t
t
x 1
u
1
1
f (t)

, Ia), L(1, ),
t
; ,
Ic) .
, Ic) Ib).
Z
1.15. . ,
f (x) dx
(C, ), > 0, I,
Z
x
f (x) dx = I.
lim
1
0
= 0 . = 1
Z
Z
Z x
x
1
1
f (x) dx =
dx
f (y) dy,
0
0
0
.. ,
s1 + s2 + . . . + sn
n
(C, 1)- .
, C- . : (I)
, ; ,
Z
lim
sin ax dx (a > 0)
,

Z
x
1 sin a
1
lim
1
= ;
sin ax dx = lim
2
0
a
a
a
(II) , ,
, (C, ),
, > 0.
.
(C, ), > 0, (C, ) > .
1.16]
37
,
Z

(, ) =
1 x f (x) dx.
>
Z
1
(, ) d =
1
0
Z
Z
1

x
=
1
d
1
f (x) dx =
0
Z0
Z
1

=
f (x) dx
1
1 x d =
0
x
Z

( )( + 1) +1
=
1 x f (x) dx,
( + 1)
0
..
Z

1
( + 1)
1 (, ) d.
(, ) =
1
( )( + 1) +1 0
( + 1)
1
(, ) I =
+1
( )( + 1)
Z
1
1
[(, ) I] d.
(, ) I, |(, ) I| 6 M 6
> .

Z
1
( + 1)
|(, ) I| 6
1
d +
( )( + 1) +1

Z
1
M
d .
+ +1
1
6 ( = 0), , , O(1 ). ,
, , (, ) I.
1.16. .
Z
Z
u
1
1
du
0
Z
Z
u
1
f (t) dt
1
=
cos u(x t) du =

0
Z
2 sin2 21 (x t)
1
(1.16.1)
=
f (t)
dt.

(x t)2
38
[. i
.

.
13.

1
(|x y| 6 ),
(1.16.2)
O

K(x, y, ) =
O
(|x y| > )
(1.16.3)
|x y|+1

Z
Z x
1
1
K(x, y, ) dy = .
lim
K(x, y, ) dy = , lim
0 x
0
2
2
f (x)
L(, ).
1 + |x|+1
Z h
Z h
|f (x + t) (x)| dt = o(h),
|f (x t) (x)| dt = o(h) (1.16.4)
h 0,
lim
K(x, y, )f (y) dy =
(x) + (x)
.
2
(1.16.5)
, , ,
(I) (x) = f (x + 0), (x) = f (x 0),
;
(II) (x) = (x) = f (x), f (x) ;
(III) (x) = (x) = f (x) x.
. ,
Z
lim
K(x, y, )[f (y) (x)] dy = 0
0
(x). (1.16.2)
(1.16.3), ,
Z
1 x+
lim
[f (y) (x)] dy = 0
0 x
Z
|f (y) (x)|
dy = 0.
lim
0
|x y|+1
x+
(1.16.4).
1.16]
(h) =
39
h
0
|f (x + t) (x)| dt 6 h
h 6 .

Z
Z x+

|f (x + t) (x)|
|f (y) (x)|
(t)
dy =
dt = +1 +
+1
+1
|x y|
t
t
x+

Z
Z
(t)
dt
+1
.
+ ( + 1)
dt 6 + ( + 1)
< 1+
+2
+1
t
t
, ,
Z
|f (y) f (x)|
lim
dy = 0.
+1
0
x+ |x y|
,
(x) .
, , = 1
2 sin2 12 (x y)
.
K(x, y, ) =
(x y)2
( = 1), 1 :
14. f (t) L(, ).
Z Z
1
du
f (t) cos u(x t) dt
0
(C, 1) 21 [f (x + 0) + f (x 0)] ,
; f (x) , f (x) ; f (x)
x.
, f (t) L(, ), a(u), b(u),
(1.1.3), u, f (x) = 0 x.

Z
u
1
1
=
1
cos u(x y) du =
K x, y,
0
Z
1
=
(1 v) cos v(x y) dv =
0
Z 1
=
(1 v)1 sin v(x y) dv =
(x y) 0
Z |xy|
sin(|x y| w)
=
dw.
+1
|x y|
w 1
0
1
Hardy (5).
40
[. i

, K x, y, 1 O(),

1
K x, y, 1 O
. ,
|x y|+1

Z
Z
Z 1
1
dy
dy =
K x, y,
(1 v)1 sin v(y x) dv =
x
yx 0
x
Z 1
Z
Z
sin vt
1
1
1
=
(1 v)
dv
dt =
(1 v)1 dv = .
0
t
2 0
2
0
:
15. 14 , (C, 1)
(C, ), 0 < < 1.
1.17. 1 .
Z
Z
1
lim
(u) du
(1.17.1)
0 0
(C, )
(
(1 u)
(u) =
0
(0 1).
(1.17.2)

(u) = eu .
(1.17.1)
Z
Z
1
f (t) dt
eu cos u(x t) du =

0
Z
1
=
f (t) 2
dt.

+ (x t)2
(1.17.3)
(1.17.4)
K(x, y, ) = 1 2
,
+ (x y)2
(1.17.5)
13 = 1 . , ,
, (1.17.4) f (x) x.
,
1.1. (1.17.4) .
A- .
1
Cauchy (1), Sommerfeld (1), Hardy (4), (5).
1.18]
41
1.18. .
2
(u) = eu .
(1.17.1)
Z
Z
2 2
1
f (t) dt
e u cos u(x t) du =

0

Z
(x t)2
1
f (t) exp
dt.
=
4 2
2

1
(x y)2
K(x, y, ) = exp
.
2
4 2
(1.18.1)
1 .
13 ; , .
16. K(x, y, ) (1.18.1),
13 f (x), 2
, eCx f (x) L(, ) C (
, C).
. (x, x + )
(x + , x + ) ,
1.16 (, = 1). , , x g(y) L,

Z
(x y)2
1
2
exp
+ Cy g(y) dy = 0.
lim
0 x+
4 2
(x y)2
(x y)2
y2
(x y)2 (x y)2
2
2
+Cy
=
+C(xy)
6
+
,
4 2
4 2
(x y)2
4 2
8 2
2
1
C6 2
,
8 (x + )2
y > x +

2
2
2
x
x
(x y)2
=
1
6
1
=
.
(x + )2
x+
y
y2
, ,
1
Weierstrass (1), Hobson (1), Lebesgue (1), Hardy (6).
42
[. i

Z
1
2
exp 2
|g(y)| dy,
8
x+
0.
1.19. . , f (x + 0) f (x 0),
, , 13.
17. K(x, y, ) > 0
Z b
Z x
1
1
lim
K(x, y, ) dy = , lim
K(x, y, ) dy =
(1.19.1)
0 x
0 a
2
2
lim K(x, y, ) = 0
(1.19.2)
0
x y, |x y| > > 0;
, , a = , b = ,
Z x
Z
lim
K(x, y, ) dy = 0, lim
K(x, y, ) dy = 0
(1.19.3)
0
x+
. f (x) L(a, b),

Z b
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
lim
K(x, y, )f (y) dy =
,
(1.19.4)
0 a
2
, .
f (x) x, (1.19.1)
Z
lim
K(x, y, ) dy = 1.
(1.19.5)
. ,
Z b
K(x, y, )[f (y) f (x + 0)] dy 0
x
(a, x).

Z b
max |f (y) f (x + 0)|
K(x, y, ) dy +
x6y6x+
x
Z b
Z b
+ max K(x, y, )
|f (y)| dy + |f (x + 0)|
K(x, y, ) dy,
y>x+
x+
x+
, , ,
. ,
(a, x).
1.19]
43
. , .
, :
18. (x) L(0, ) (0, )
; (+0) = 1,
(x) 0 (x), ,
x, .
f (x) L(, ).
Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
1
,
lim
(u) du
0 0
2
, .
.
, ,
Z
1
K(x, y, ) =
(u) cos u(x y) du
0
.
, 0 (x)
x.
Z
[0 (u)] sin u(x y) du =

K(x, y, ) =
(x y) 0
Z (n+1)
X
|xy|
=
[0 (u)] sin u|x y| du.
n
|x y| n=0 |xy|
.
Z
|xy|
0 6 K(x, y, ) 6
[0 (u)] du =
|x y| 0

1
=
(+0)
,
|x y|
|x y|
0
|xy| > , (1.19.2) K(x, y, ) .
,
Z
Z
Z
dy
K(x, y, ) dy =
0 (u) sin u(x y) du =
xy 0
x
Z x
Z
Z
sin u(x y)
0
(+0)
1
0
=
(u) du
dy =
(u) du =
= ,
0
xy
2 0
2
2
x
44
[. i
, 0 (u), , L(0, ). ,
Z
1
K(x, y, ) dy = ;
2
, (1.19.1) . ,
Z
Z
Z
0
sin u(x y)
K(x, y, ) dy =
dy =
(u) du
0
xy
Y
Y
Z 1

Z

0
0
=O
[ (u)] du + O
[ (u)] du =
Y 1
0

1
= O (+0) () + O
.
Y
Y ,
, , (1.19.3) (1.19.2).
.
(x) = 1 (x) 2 (x), 01 (x) 02 (x) . K1 K2 K-.
K1 K2 (1.19.2). ,
Z
Z
K1 (x, y, ) dy,
K2 (x, y, ) dy
, , , (1.19.1) - . , , .
1.20.
K(x, y, ) = K(x y, ),
K(u, ) u,
Z
1
K(u, ) du =
2
0
Z
lim
K(u, ) du = 0
0
.
Z
(x, ) =
K(x y, )f (y) dy
f (x) , .
1.21]
45
19. f (x) L(, ) K(u, )

, ,
Z
lim
|(x, ) f (x)| dx = 0.
0
.
Z
(x, ) f (x) =
K(u, )[f (x u) f (x)] du,
|(x, ) f (x)| dx 6
=

(u) =
dx
K(u, )|f (x u) f (x)| du =

Z
K(u, )du
|f (x u) f (x)| dx.
|f (x u) f (x)| dx
u: |(u)| 6 M, u 0.
|(u)| 6 |u| 6 .
Z

Z

K(u, )(u) du 6
K(u, ) du =

Z

Z

K(u, )(u) du 6 M
K(u, ) du,

Z

Z

K(u, )(u) du 6 M
K(u, ) du.

, ,
0. .
, (C, 1)
Z
1 cos (x y)
1
f (y)
dy

(x y)2
, , f (x) . (
= 1 .)
1.21. . f (t) ,
, , . , ,
f (t) ,
.
46
[. i
, , f (t) , , f (t) .
201 . f (t)
t = x,
Z
f (t) cos u(x t) dt
u. , g(x, u) ,
Z
u
1
lim
1
g(x, u) du = f (x).
0
.
Z
Z
Z
u
u
1
g(x, u) du =
cos u(x t) du =
f (t) dt
1
0
Z T
Z T Z
Z
2 sin2 21 (x t)
dt =
+
+
= J1 + J2 + J3
=
f (t)
(x t)2
T
T
(T > |x|).
g(x, u).
Z t
f1 (t) =
f (v) dv.
u = 0, , f1 (t) :
|f1 (t)| 6 M. , ,
2 sin2 12 (x T )
J3 = f1 (T )
+
(x T )2
Z
Z
4 sin2 12 (x t)
sin (x t)
+
f1 (t)
dt
f
(t)
dt.
1
(x t)2
(x t)3
T
T
Z
Z
2M
dt
4 dt
4M
M
|J3 | 6
+M
+M
=
+
.
2
2
3
2
(T x)
(T x)
T x
T (t x)
T (t x)
T ,
> 0 . J1 .
T f (t) , f (t)
|t| 6 T |t| > T , 14
1.16, J2 f (x). .
1
(Hardy (8)). . Macphail and Titchmarsh (1).
1.22]
47
1.22.
: (C, k),
(C, k + 1). , k = 0,
k = 1. ,
.
21. f (t)
t = x,

Z
t
lim
1
f (t) cos u(x t) dt
0

Z 0
|t|
lim
1
f (t) cos u(x t) dt

, u.
, g(x, u) ,
Z
u 2
1
lim
1
g(x, u) du = f (x).
0
. ,
f (t) = 0 t < 0.
Z
u 2
1
g(x, u) du =
0

Z
Z
t
u 2
= lim
1
du
1
0
0

Z
Z
u 2
t
1
f (t) dt
1
cos u(x t) du =
0
0

Z
Z T Z
t
2
2 sin (x t)
=
1
f (t)
dt =
+
= J1 + J2
(x t)2
2 (x t)3
0
0
T
(|x| < T < ). f1 (t), ,

Z t
Z t
v
f2 (t) =
f1 (v) dv = t
1
f (v) dv.
t
0
0
g(x, u) u = 0 ,
f2 (t)
.
t
,
48
[. i

1
T
f1 (T )(T ) + [f2 ()() f2 (T )(T )] +
J2 = 1

Z
Z
T
t
2
0
0
+ 1
f2 (T ) (T )
f2 (t) (t) dt +
1
f2 (t)00 (t) dt,
2
2 sin (x t)
(t) =
,
(x t)2
2 (x t)3
4
2 cos (x t) 6 sin (x t)
0 (t) =
+
,
(x t)3
(x t)3
2 (x t)4
2 sin (x t) 12 cos (x t) 24 sin (x t)
12
+
+
.
00 (t) =
(x t)4
(x t)3
(x t)4
2 (x t)5
f (t)
2 ,
t
Z T
J1
f (t)(t) dt,
0
Z
0
J2 f1 (T )(T ) + f2 (T ) (T ) +
f2 (t)00 (t) dt.
T
T , > 0 .
T f1 (T )(T ) 0,
Z T
f (t)(t) dt f (x)
0
( 1.16)
C- ( 1.15). .
1.23. , (C, 1) 14
(C, ) . 20 : 20, 21
.
.
Z
u
I (, t) =
1
cos ut dt.
0
1.16, 0 < < 1

Z t
1
1
v
sin(t v) dv = O
I (, t) = +1
t
t+1
0
, t . ,
1.23]
49
Z
Z
I
( + 1) t 1
1 t 1
= +1
v
cos(t v) dv +2
v
sin(t v) dv =
t
t
t
0
0

Z
1 1
1
1
= +1
v
cos(t v) dv + O 2 + O
=
t
t
t+2
0

( + 1)1
1
cos t
+O 2 .
=
1+
t
2
t
, 20 (C, 1)
(C, ) 0 < < 1. ,
20,
Z
Z
J3 =
f (t)I (, xt) dt = f1 (T )I (, xT )+
f1 (t) I (, xt) dt.
t
T
T
T , |x|. , , ,
Z

f1 (t)

1
( + 1)
cos x t
dt.
t1+
2
T
f (t) =
2 sin 2 t
2
( 6 t < ( + 1); = 1, 2, ... )
f (t) = 0 t.
1 cos 2 t
( 6 t < ( + 1); = 1, 2, ... ).
2
,
Z T
Z T
f (t) cos u(x t) dt = f1 (T ) cos u(x T ) u
f1 (t) sin u(x t) dt
f1 (t) =
T u,
20 .
= 2 .
Z
Z
X
f1 (t)
1 (+1) (1 cos 2 t) cos 2 t
cos t dt =
dt.
2
+1
t1+
=1
=

Z (+1)
Z
dt
1 (+1)
cos 2+1 t
1
dt
+ 2
cos 2 t
<
2
+1
+1
2
t

2
t

1
1
< 2
+O
.
2 ( + 1)
2
50
[. i

X 1 Z (+1)
dt
cos(2 2 )t cos(2 + 2 )t
cos 2 t
=
2
+1
2
2
t
6=

X
1
1
=
O
.
=O
+3
|2 2 |
2
6=
= 2
f1 (t) sin t
dt = O
t+1

1
.
2

1

|J3 | > A cos x
+2 + O(1).
2
ln

1
, cos 2 x 2 ,
, cos 12 . J3 .
, 15, J2 . , , J1
, , ,
Z
J=
f (t)I (, x t) dt
f (t) . , 20 (C, 1) (C, ), < 1.

1 < < 2, I (, t)
Z
( 1) t cos(t v)
dv.
I (, t) = 2 +1
t
t
v 2
0
2 I

t2
Z
( 1)2 t cos(t v)
dv =
t+1
v 2
0

( + 1)2

1
=
sin t
+O 3 ,
+1
t
2
t
, 1.22,
Z

f2 (t)

2
( + 1)
sin
x
dt.
t1+
2
T
f (t) =
22 cos 2 t
2
( 6 t < ( + 1); = 1, 2, ... )
1.24]
51
f (t) = 0 t.
f2 (t) =
1 cos 2 t
2
( 6 t < ( + 1); = 1, 2, ... ).

Z
cos u(x )
t
f (t) cos u(x t) dt = f2 ()
1
0

Z
t
2u
2
u cos u(x t) dt,
f2 (t)
sin u(x t) + 1
0
, , 21 .
,
. ,
, 21 (C, 2) (C, ),
< 2.
1.24. . ,
, ,
.
.
22. f (x) L(, ),
Z
Z
Z
du
1
f (t)[sin u( t) + sin ut] dt,
(1.24.1)
f (x) dx =
0
u
0
Z iu
Z
Z
1
e
1
lim
du
eiut f (t) dt
(1.24.2)
f (x) dx =
2 iu
0
,
Z
Z
Z
sin u
2
du
f (t) cos ut dt,
(1.24.3)
f (x) dx =
0
u
0
0
Z
Z
Z
1 cos u
2
f (x) dx =
du
f (t) sin ut dt
(1.24.4)
0
u
0
0
> 0.
. (1.1.1), (1.1.6), (1.1.4), (1.1.5). , , (1.24.2).

Z
Z
Z iu(t)
Z iu
e
eiut
e
1
iut
e f (t) dt =
f (t) dt
du
du.
iu
iu
52
[. i
,
Z
sin tu sin(t )u
2
du,
u
0
t 2, 0 < t < ,
, t < 0 t > .
. ,
.
1.25. .
.
.
. ,
, .
: f (x) , ..,
.
23. f (t) L(, ),
t = x.
Z
Z
1
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
ixu
=
lim
e
du
eiut f (t) dt.
(1.25.1)
2
2
f (t) t = x 4, (1.25.1) f (x).

. , (1.25.1).
Z
Z
Z
Z
ixu
iut
e
du
e f (t) dt =
f (t) dt
eiu(xt) du =
Z
sin (x t)
=2
f (t)
dt,
xt
,
3.
, f (z)
y > 0, f (z) 0, |z| ,
1.25]
53
0 6 arg z 6 . , 1 , F (u) = 0
u > 0. ,
(1.4.1), (1.4.2).
F+ (w) F (w), , f (x) .
24. ec|t| f (t) L(, ) c, F+ (w), F (w), (1.3.1), (1.3.2), v > c, v 6 c .
, f (t) t = x ,
3 4,
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
=
2
Z ia+
Z ib+
1
1
ixw
=
lim
e
F+ (w) dw +
lim
eixw F (w) dw,
2 ia
2 ib
a > c, b 6 c.
.

0
(x < 0),
g(x) =
ax
e f (x) (x > 0).
, ,
Z
Z
g(x + 0) + g(x 0)
1
ixu
=
lim
e
du
eiut g(t) dt =
2
2
Z
Z
Z
1
1
ixu
i(u+ia)t
lim
e
du
e
f (t) dt =
lim
eixu F+ (u + ia) du
=
2
2
Z ia+
+ 0) + g(x 0)
1
e
=
lim
eixw F+ (w) dw.
2
2 ia
,
bx
e f (x) (x < 0),
h(x) =
0
(x > 0),
ax g(x

bx h(x
+ 0) + h(x 0)
1
lim
=
2
2
ib+
ib
eixw F (w) dw.
.
1
. , , 6.222.
54
[. i
1.26. 1 . 24 , .
25.
X
f (s) =
an en s
n=1
n > 0 ,
X
A(x) =
an .
n 6x
k > max(0, 0 ),
A(x + 0) + A(x 0)
1
=
lim
2
2i T
.
A0 = 0,
m
P
k+iT
esx
kiT
f (s)
ds.
s
An = a1 + a2 + . . . + an .
a e > 0 m, , -
=1
, , > 0,
n
X

An =
a e e = O en .
=1
, N n, n 6 x,

A(x) = AN = O eN = O ex .
, >
X
X
n s
(An An1 )e
=
An (en s en+1 s ) =
f (s) =
=
n=1
X
n=1
n=1
An s
n+1
sy
dy = s
esy A(y) dy.
A(y) , 24.
1.27. .

.
1
. H a r d y and R i e s z, The General Theory of Dirichlets Series, pp. 1214.
1.27]
55
26. f (z) ,
a < y < b, a > 0, b > 0, , a < y < b,

O(e()x ) (x ),
f (z) =
(1.27.1)
O(e()x ) (x )
, . F (w), (1.2.5), ,
f (z), a, b, , , , b, a,
Z
1
eizw F (w) dw
(1.27.2)
f (z) =
2
z a < y < b.
. :
Z
1
eiw f () d,
(1.27.2)
F (w) =
2
< v < . F (w)
.
, . ,
Z
1
F (w) =
ei(+i)(u+iv) f ( + i) d = O(eu ),
2
a b,
F (w).
(1.27.2) 23;

. a < < y < < b.
Z
Z
Z i+
1
1
izw
izw
e
F (w) dw =
e
dw
eiw f () d =
2 0
2 0
i
Z i+
Z
Z i+
1
1
f ()
i(z)w
=
f () d
e
dw =
d,
2 i
2i i z
0
. ,
Z i+
Z 0
1
f ()
1
izw
e
F (w) dw =
d,
2i i z
2
, f (z).
56
[. i
1.28. .

.
.
27. f (t) L(, ) , ,
Z
eiut f (t) dt
.

Z
Z
1
|u| ixu
lim
1
du
eiut f (t) dt
e
2
21 [f (x + 0) + f (x 0)], ;
f (x), f (x) ; f (x)
x.
, (1.16.1), 14 20.
1.29. . , , , , ,
1.5; , ,
,
.
.
28. y k1f (y) L(0, ), f (y)
y = x.
Z
F(s) =
f (x)xs1 dx (s = k + it).
(1.29.1)
0
1
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
=
lim
2
2i T
k+iT
F(s)xs ds.
(1.29.2)
kiT
29. F(k + iu) L(, )

u = t.
Z k+i
1
F(s)xs ds.
(1.29.3)
f (x) =
2i ki
1.29]
57
F(k + i(t + 0)) + F(k + i(t 0))

= lim
f (x)xk+it1 dx.
(1.29.4)
1/
23.
:
30.
F(k + it) = (t)ei(t) ,
(t) (t) 11 t ,
t ;
ekx f (ex ) = (x)ei(x) ,
.
, .
11 .
31. f (z) z = rei
< < , 0 < 6 , 0 < 6 , f (z)
O(|z|a ) z O(|z|b+ ) z,
, , a < b. F(s),
(1.29.1), s,
a < < b

O(e()t ) (t ),
F(s) =
O(e()t ) (t )
, , a < < b, (1.29.3) a < k < b.
, F(s) , , f (x), (1.29.3),
,
(1.29.1).
26 .
32. xk1 f (x) L(0, ), , ,
f (x)xk1 dx = F(s)
(1.29.5)
s = k + it t.
58
1
lim
2i
1
[f (x
2
k+i
ki
[. i

|t|
F(s)xs ds
1
+ 0) + f (x 0)], ;
, f (x), f (x) ; , ,
, f (x) x.
, F(k + it) L,

Z
| ln x|
lim
1
f (x)xs1 dx = F(s).
1/
ln
27 .
1 ,
Z
Z
a1
f (x)x dx,
f (x)xb1 dx,
0
a < b, , a < k < b.

, (1.29.5)
, a < < b. F(s)
.
1.30. . , (1.4.3),
33. , f (z)
Z
1
ezw (w) dw,
(1.30.1)
f (z) =
2i
, , , f (z)
, .. f (z) = O(ec|z|) c > 0.
. (1.30.1), , z; |w| 6 c,
f (z) = O(ec|z|). , .
, , ,
f (z) =
an z n .
n=0
, ,
Kecr
1
|an | 6 n max |f (z)| < n
r |z|=r
r
1
Hardy (8).
1.30]
59
r. , r = n

|an | < Kecn nn .
X
n!an
(w) =
w n+1
n=0
w, , |w| > M.
,
|w| = M. , ,
Z
Z
X
X
n!an
ezw
1
zw
dw =
an z n = f (z),
e (w) dw =
n+1
2i
2i w
n=0
n=0
.
1.4,
Z
(w) =
exw f (x) dx,
0
, , Re w > c.
, f (z), (1.30.1),
, , , (w)
: , (w) .
, f (z) , (1.30.1) (w). , , (w) ,
(1.30.1).
.
34. (w) w,
n- ,
Z
etw (w) dw = 0
t, , ,
(w) = a0 + a1 w + . . . + an w n .
.
(w) = (w) a0 a1 w . . . an w n ,
a0 +a1 w +. . .+an w n (w) .
Z
etw (w) dw = 0,
60
[. i
(w) 0, |w| . ezt , Re z > max Re w,
0 ,
Z
(w)
dw = 0,
z w
z,
. , 0 R > |z|,
Z
(w)
1
dw = 0.
(z) =
2i 0 w z
R . , (z) = 0.
II

2.1. . F (x) G(x) f (x) g(x) ,

Z
Z
Z
1
G(x) dx
eixt f (t) dt =
F (x)G(x) dx =
2
Z
Z
Z
1
ixt
=
f (t) dt
G(x)e dx =
f (t)g(t) dt.
(2.1.1)
2
g(t) g(t), G(x) G(x),

Z
Z
F (x)G(x) dx =
f (x)g(x) dx.
(2.1.2)
, g = f
Z
Z
2
|F (x)| dx =

Z
Z
Fc (x)Gc (x) dx =
f (x)g(x) dx
0
(2.1.3)
(2.1.4)
[Fc (x)] dx =
f 2 (x) dx,
(2.1.5)

Z
Z
Fs (x)Gs (x) dx =
0
|f (x)|2 dx.
f (x)g(x) dx
(2.1.6)
f 2 (x) dx.
(2.1.7)
[Fs (x)] dx =

Z 2
a20 X 2
2
1
(an + b2n )
f (x) dx =
+
0
2
n=1
62
[. ii
; 1 .
, ,
Z
Z
Z
1
1
ixt
ixt
e F (t)G(t) dt =
e F (t) dt
eitu g(u) du =
2
2
Z
Z
Z
1
1
it(xu)
=
g(u)f (x u) du.
g(u) du
e
F (t) dt =
2
2
(2.1.8)
,
Z
1
g(u)f (x u) du,
2
F (x)G(x)
(2.1.9)
.
(2.1.8) f (x) g(x). , , . ,

Z
Z
1
h(v) dv
g(u)f (x u v) du, F (x)G(x)H(x)
(2.1.10)
2
Z
Z
1
fn (un ) dun
fn1 (un1) dun1 . . .
(2)n/2
Z
(2.1.11)
...
f1 (u1 )f (x u1 . . . un ) du1
F (x)F1 (x) . . . Fn (x).
Me.
, . F(s),
G(s) f (x) g(x),
Z k+i
Z k+i
Z
1
1
F(s)G(1 s) ds =
G(1 s) ds
f (x)xs1 dx =
2i ki
2i ki
0
Z
Z k+i
Z
1
s1
f (x) dx
G(1 s)x ds =
f (x)g(x) dx,
=
2i 0
ki
0
(2.1.12)
1
(Rayleigh (1)). . Hardy (35), Ramanujan (1).
2.1]
63
, ,
Z k+i
Z k+i
Z
1
1
F(s)G(1 s) ds =
F(s) ds
g(x)xs dx =
2i ki
2i ki
0
Z
Z k+i
Z
1
s
g(x) dx
F(s)x ds =
g(x)f (x) dx.
=
2i 0
ki
0

Z k+i
1
F(s)G(s) ds =
2i ki

Z
Z k+i
Z
1
1 dx
s1
=
g(x) dx
F(s)x ds =
g(x)f
.
2i 0
x x
ki
0
g = f , f , (2.1.12) k = 21
2
Z
Z

1
F 1 + it dt =
f 2 (x) dx.

2
2
0
s1
f (x)g(x)x
1
dx =
2i
=
1
2i
1
=
2i
..
f (x)g(x),
Z
Z
Z
1
2i
s1
g(x)x
dx
0
k+i
F(w) dw
ki
k+i
ki
(2.1.13)
(2.1.14)
k+i
F(w)xw dw =
ki
g(x)xsw1 dx =
F(w)G(s w) dw,
(2.1.15)
k+i
ki
F(w)G(s w) dw
.
,
Z k+i
1
F(s)G(s)xs ds =
2i ki

Z
Z k+i
Z
1
x du
s1 s
=
g(u) du
F(s)u x ds =
g(u)f
;
2i 0
u u
ki
0
(2.1.16)
(2.1.17)
.
, ,

Z
x du
g(u)f
, F(s)G(s).
(2.1.18)
u u
0
64
[. ii
,

Z
Z
Z
dun
x
du1
dun1
...
,
fn (un )
fn1 (un1 )
f1 (u1 )f
un 0
un1
u1 u2 . . . un u1
0
0
F(s)F1 (s) . . . Fn (s).

(2.1.19)

Z k+i
Z k+i
Z
1
1
sx
sx
(s)(s)e ds =
(s)e ds
f (y)esy dy =
2i ki
2i ki
0
Z
Z k+i
1
f (y) dy
(s)es(xy) ds =
=
2i
ki
Z x 0
=
f (y)g(x y) dy
(2.1.20)
0
1
2i
k+i
ki
1
(s)(s)e ds =
2i
Z
=
sx
f (y) dy
max(x,0)
k+i
(s)es(xy) ds =
ki
f (y)g(y x) dy.
(2.1.21)
, , .

Z
Z
x
1
1
1
ixy
ixu/a
e f (ay) dy =
e
f (u) dy = F
,
a
a
2
a 2

f (ay) 1 F x . ,
a
a
, ,

Z
Z
1
x
x
G
dx.
f (at)g(bt) dt =
F
(2.1.22)
ab
a
b
. , ,
Z
Z
s1
s
f (ax)x dx = a
f () s1 d,
0
Me f (ax) as F(s).
Z k+i
Z
1
F(s)G(1 s)as bs1 ds,
(2.1.23)
f (ax)g(bx) dx =
2i ki
0
.
2.3]
65
2.2. . ,
,
. . , , ,
I.
(2.1.1) .
35. f (x) G(x) L(, ), F (x)
g(x) ux , (2.1.1) .
, ,
(2.1.1), . , f G
, a F g .
, ,
- - .
35 , f (x) g(x)
L(, ), G(x),
g(x), L(, ), (2.1.1) .
, , 27, g(x)
G(x).
2.3. ,
6. (0, ), - .
361 . f (x) L(0, )
, 0,
x 0. , , g(x) -
Gc (x),
x .
Z
Z
Fx (x)Gc (x) dx =
f (x)g(x) dx.
(2.3.1)
0
Z
Z
Z
Z
Gc (y) dy
f (x) cos xy dx =
f (x) dx
Gc (y) cos xy dy.
0
Hardy (5).
(2.3.2)
66
, ,
Z
Z
Z
Z
f (x) dx
f (x) cos xy dx =
Gc (y) dy
Gc (y) cos xy dy
(2.3.3)
[. ii
. , ,

Z
Z 0
Gc ()
Gc (y) cos xy dy = Gc ()
cos xy dy = O
.
x
lim
f (x) dx
Gc (y) cos xy dy = 0,
(2.3.3), (2.3.4)
Z
Z
Z
Gc (y) dy
f (x) cos xy dx =
0
(2.3.4)
f (x) dx
Gc (y) cos xy dy
(2.3.5)
> 0. ,
Z
Z
lim
Gc (y) dy
f (x) cos xy dx = 0.
0
(2.3.6)
y2
y1
Gc (y) dy
f (x) cos xy dx =
= f (+0)
dx
y2
y1
f (x) dx
0
y2
Gc (y) cos xy dy =
y1
Gc (y) cos xy dy = f (+0)
y2
Gc (y)
y1
sin y
dy,
y
0 < < ; ,
Z y2
Z

sin y
sin y
Gc (y)
dy = Gc (Y )
dy = O Gc (Y )
y
y
Y
Y
, , Y ,
Z Y
sin y
Gc (y)
dy 0,
y
y1
0. , ,
Y .
37. -G (x)
, , s
x
L(1, ).
2.4]
67
,

Z y2
1 cos y
Gs (y)
dy,
y
y1

0 .
2.4. ,
.
, ,
1 .
38. f (x) L(0, ). , , g(x) , x . ,
,
Z t
Z 1
|f (t)|
dt
g(u) du < .
(2.4.1)
t
0
0
Z
Z
Fc (x)Gc (x) dx =
f (x)g(x) dx,
(2.4.2)
- .
.
Z X
Z
q Z X
2
Fc (x)Gc (x) dx =
Gc (x) dx
f (t) cos xt dt =

0
Z X
q Z
2
=
f (t) dt
Gc (x) cos xt dx =
0
Z
Z X
Z
2
f (t) dt
cos xt dx
g(u) cos xu du =
=
0
0
Z
Z
Z X
2
=
f (t) dt
g(u) du
cos xt cos xu dx =
0
0
Z

=
f (t) g(t, X) g(t, ) + g(t, X) g(t, ) dt,
(2.4.3)
0
sin x(u t)
du.
ut
0
x t
t, x u u.
g(t, x) = 1
. Hardy and Titchmarsh (5).
g(u)
68
[. ii
g(t) , g(t, X) g(t) X

t, g(t, X) 0. , 0
Z U

sin (u t)
g(t, ) =
g(u)
du + O g(U) =
ut
0
Z U

=O
g(u) du + O g(U) = o(1)
0
( U, ). 1
Z

Z T

t

sin
x(u
t)
sin
x(u
t)

= g
<
g(u)
du
+
0
du

2

u
t
u
t
t/2
t/2

Z
Z
t
A t/2
A t
< Ag
g(u) du <
g(u) du
<
2
t 0
t 0
Z
Z
Z
Z
t/2
t/2
sin x(u t)
g(u)
2 t/2
2 t

du 6
du 6
g(u) du 6
g(u) du.
g(u)

0
ut
ut
t 0
t 0
0
|f (t)|
|f (t)g(t, x)| 6 A
t
g(u) du.
L(0, 1) L(1, ),
f (t) L(1, ), a
Z
1 t
g(u) du 0.
t 0
, (2.4.3) X , 0
.
38 :
(I) f (x) L(0, ), g(x) (0, ) x ,
(2.4.2).
(II) f (x) L(0, 1), g(x)
(0, 1), (2.4.1)
, 38 f g,
.
1
, A ,
. . .
2.5]
69
(III) f (x) (0, 1), g(x) ln 1

x
L(0, 1), (2.4.1) , 38 f g, .
, f (0, 1) g
L(0, 1) 38,
( (2.4.1)).
2.5.
,
.
, ,
, . .
39. f (x) g(x) . , ,
Z a
Z a
1
1
ixt
e f (t) dt, G(x, a) =
eixt g(t) dt
F (x, a) =
2 a
2 a
Z
b
(x, a, b) =
g(u)f (x u) du
O(ec|x|) c, a
b, a , b F (x), G(x)
(x) x.
Z
(+0) + (0)
lim
F (x)G(x) dx =
,

2
, .
. > 0. ,
,

2

2
Z
Z
t
t
F (t) exp + iut dt = lim
F (t, a) exp + iut dt =
a
4
4
2

Z a
Z
1
t
= lim
f (x) dx
exp + iut + ixt dt =
a
4
2 a
Z a
2
= lim 2
f (x)e(x+u) dx,
a
u. , ,
70
[. ii
2

t
g(u) du
F (t) exp + iut dt =
4
b
Z
Z a
b
2
g(u) du
f (x)e(x+u) dx =
= lim 2
= lim
b
b
a
a+u
g(u) du
b
a+u
f (x u)ex dx =
Z a+b x2 Z min(x+a,b)
= lim 2
e
dx
g(u)f (x u) du =
a
ab
max(xa,b)
Z x2
e
(x, b, b) dx.
= 2
, , ,
Z t2
2
e 4 F (t)G(t, b) dt,
b , ,
Z
q Z
t2
4
2
e
F (t)G(t) dt =
ex (x) dx.
, 16.
, , f
g L(, ) .
2.6.
. (2.1.8), . x ,
f (x u) F (t)eixt . ,
x . , ,
(2.1.9) ,
.
40. f (x) F (x)
L(, ), g(x) L(, ) ( G(x) ). 2 F (x)G(x)
L(, ),
Z
k(x) =
g(u)f (x u) du.
2.7]
71
, ,
(2.1.8), .
41. f (x) g(x) L(, ).
k(x)
L(, ),
2 F (x)G(x).
.
Z a
Z a
Z
ixu
ixu
e k(u) du =
e du
f (v)g(u v) dv =
a
a
Z
Z a
Z
Z av
ixu
ixv
=
f (v) dv
e g(u v) du =
e f (v) dv
eixt g(t) dt.
av
2 G(x).
Z
Z ixv
ixu
e f (v)G(x) dv = 2F (x)G(x).
e k(u) du = 2
2.7. .
42. xk1 f (x) L(0, ) G(1kit) L(, ),
F(k + it) L(, ) xk g(x) L(0, ). (2.1.12).
, ,
, .
43. f (x) g(x) . , ,
Z a
Z a
s1
F(s, a) =
f (x)x dx, G(s, a) =
g(x)xs1 dx
1/a
1/a
= k, = 1 k F(s), G(s)
t, , ec|s| F(s, a), ec|s| G(s, a) c,
a. , ,
Z b
1
f (x)g(x) dx
c + c a
a, b, a 0, b 0 = 1.
Z k+i
Z
1
F(s)G(1 s) ds =
f (x)g(x) dx,
2i ki
0
, .
39.
72
[. ii
41
44. xk f (x) xk g(x) L(0, ),

Z
x dy
h(x) =
f (y) g
.
y y
0
xk h(x) L(0, ),
F(s)G(s) = k + 1.
2.8. .
p

f (0) X
Fc (0) X
Fc (n) =
f (n) ,
+
+
2
2
n=1
n=1

(2.8.1)
= 2, > 0.
1 .
45. f (x) (0, ) x ,

p X
f (+0)
Fc (n) = lim
+
M
2
n=1

Z
M
X
f (m 0) + f (m + 0) 1 (M +1/2)
+
f (t) dt .
2
0
m=1
(2.8.2)
Z
f (t) dt ,

f (+0) X
Fc (0) X
f (m 0) + f (m + 0)
+
Fc (n) =
+
.
2
2
2
n=1
m=1
(2.8.3)
, , f (x) , (2.8.1).
. f (t) , x ,
, f (t) .
q Z
Fc (x) = 2
f (t) cos xt dt
0
p
,
- . , (W.L. Ferrar). .
Linfoot (1), Mordell (1).
2.8]
73
x > 0,
n
p X
Fc (m) =
m=1
f (t)
n
X
cos mt dt =
m=1

sin n + 21 t 1
dt =
f (t)
2
2 sin 12 t
(r

M Z
sin n + 21 t
2 X (2m+1)/
2m
= lim
f (t) f
+0
dt +
M
m=0 2m/
2 sin 12 t
r

M Z
sin n + 21 t
2m
2 X 2m/
f (t) f
+
0
dt +
m=1 (2m1)/
2 sin 12 t
r

M
X
2m
2m
+
f
+0 +f
0
f (+0) +
2
m=1
)
r Z
(2M +1)/
f (t) dt .
(2.8.4)
2 0
Ho, ,

Z (2m+1)/
sin n + 21 t
2m
f (t) f
dt =
+0
2 sin 12 t
2m/

Z /
sin n + 21 t
2m
2m
f
=
+t f
+0
dt =
2 sin 12 t
0

Z /
sin n + 21 t
(2m + 1)
2m
= f
0 f
+0
dt.
2 sin 21 t
,

Z /
Z

1
1
1 (n+1/2) sin u
1
sin n + 2 t
dt +
du,
(n+1/2) u
2 sin 12 t t
n ,

X (2m + 1)

2m
f
0 f
+ 0

. (2.8.4)
M n;
n , . ,
(2.8.2). (2.8.3) (2.8.1), , (2.8.2) .
74
[. ii
. , , 1
p

Fc ()Fc (3) Fc (5) + Fc (7) + . . . =

= f () f (3) f (5) + f (7) + . . . ,
= ,
4
p

Fc ()Fc (5) Fc (7) + Fc (11) + Fc (13) . . . =

= f () f (5) f (7) + f (11) + f (13) . . . ,
= , 1, 5, 7, 11, 13, ... , 6.
6
.
2.9. 2 . , f (x) :
Z c+i
1
f (x) =
F(s)xs ds.
2i ci
, ,
Z c+i
Z c+i
X
X
1
1
s
f (n) =
F(s)
(n) ds =
F(s)(s)s ds,
2i
2i
ci
ci
n=1
n=1
P
1 - .
s
n=1 n
= c = b, b > 0;
(s) s = 1 1,
Z 1
Z

s1
f (0)
F(s) =
+
f (x) f (0) x dx +
f (x)xs1 dx
s
0
1
c > 1 (s) =
, , s = 0 f (0). (0) = 21 ,

Z b+i
f (0) X
F(1)
1
+
f (n)
=
F(s)(s)s ds =
2
2i bi
n=1
Z 1+b+i
1
=
F(1 s)(1 s)s1 ds =
2i 1+bi
Z 1+b+i

s
1
s
F(1 s)(s) cos
=
(s) 2
ds =
2
i 1+bi
1
Ramanujan (2).
Ferrar (2).
2.10]
1 X
=
i n=1
1+b+i
1+bi
75

s
ds.
F(1 s)(s) cos s 2n
2
(2.1.23) f g

g(x) = cos x, G(s) = (s) cos s , b = 1
2
Z k+i
q

s as ds.
F (a) = 1
F(1
s)(s)
cos
2 c
2
2i ki
(2.8.1).
. ,
X
d(n)f (n),
n=1
d(n) n. , ,
Z c+i
Z b+i
f (0)
1
1
2
0
F(s) (s) ds =
+ F (1) 2F(1) +
F(s) 2(s) ds,
2i ci
4
2i bi

Z 1+b+i
1
F(1 s) 2(1 s) ds =
2i 1+bi
Z

2 1+b+i
F(1 s)2 (s) cos2 s 22s 2s 2 (s) ds =
=
2
i 1+bi
Z

X 2d(n) 1+b+i
=
F(1 s)2 (s) cos2 s (4 2 n)s ds.
2
i
1+bi
n=1
(7.9.7) (7.9.11) :
Z k+i

2 s
2 s
2 K (x) Y (x) = 1
cos
2s xs ds
0
2
0
2
4
2 i ki
(k > 1);
, , :
X
n=1
f (0)
+ F0 (1) 2F(1) +
4
Z
h
i
X
+
d(n)
f (x) K0 (4 nx) Y0 (4 nx) dx.
2
0
d(n)f (n) =
n=1
76
[. ii
2.10. .
q
2 1 .
1 + x2
r

1 X
1
2 1 X
n
.
+
e
=
+
2 n=1
2 n=1 1 + n2 2
x
(I) f (x) = e , Fc (x) =
(II) f (x) = ex /2 , Fc (x) = ex /2 .

p 1 X
1 X
2 n2 /2
2 n2 /2
+
e
=
+
e
.
2 n=1
2 n=1
2
(III) f (x) = ex /2 cos kx. Fc (x) = e(k +x )/2 ch kx,

p k2 /2 1 X
1 X
2 n2 /2
2 n2 /2
e
cos kn = e
e
ch kn .
+
+
2 n=1
2 n=1
sin x
(IV) f (x) =
45,
1+x
, L(0, ).
(V) f (x) = xs sin2 x (1 < < 2).

(1 s) sin s
|x 2|s1 + |x + 2|s1
2
s1
Fc (x) =
(x > 2),
2
2

(1 s) sin s
2
(2s1 ).
Fc (0) =
2
= , = 4
2

i 2(1 s) sin s
q h s s
2

3
+
+ ... =
2
2
2
2

X
(4n 2)s1 + (4n + 2)s1
s1
s2
(4n)
2
+
,
2
n=1
1+

1
1
s1
s
+
+
.
.
.
=
(1
s)
sin
2
3s 5s

1
1
1 X
1
.
+
2 n=1 (2n)1s 2(2n 1)1s 2(2n + 1)1s
(1 2s )(s).
2.11]
77
(VI)
22
1
(1 x2 ) 2 (0 < x < 1),
1
f (x) =
+2
0
(x > 1).
Fc (x) =
J (x)
x
(x > 0),
Fc (0) =
2 (
+ 1)
X J (n)
1
+
=
2+1 ( + 1) n=1 (n)
1
2
22

+ 21

X
1
1
2 2 2
+
(1 n )
,
2
n61/
= n = 1/ ( 1/ )
21 .
> 21 45. ,
12 < < 12 , , .
2.11. - . - , .
46. f (x) (0, ),
0 < < , (, ) 2
x .
p

Fs () Fs (3) + . . . =

f (+0) + f (0) f (3+0) + f (30)
+ ... ,
(2.11.1)
=
2
2
= . .
2
. , ,
p

Fs () Fs (3) + . . . + (1)n Fs ((2n + 1)) =
r Z
sin(2n + 2)t
n
= (1)
f (t)
dt =
2 0
cos t
r
Z
X m/
sin(2n + 2)t
n
= (1)
f (t)
dt =
2 m=1 (m1)/
cos t

Z /2
1
m
+ v sin(2n + 2)v
1 X
m1
2
(1)
f
=
dv.
sin v
2 m=1
/2
1
. (7.1.11).
78
[. ii
(2.11.1)
X
(1)m1
m=1

Z 0

m 12 + v
m 21
sin(2n + 2)v
f
f
0
dv +
sin v
/2

Z /2
m 21 + v
m 12
sin(2n + 2)v
f
+
f
+0
dv ,
sin v
0
,
45.
. f (x) = xs (0 < < 1).
q

2
Fs (x) =
(1 s) cos s xs1 ,
r

2
(1 s) cos s s1 (3)s1 + . . . = s (3)s + . . . ,
2
s1

(1 s) cos s L(1 s) = L(s), L(s) = 1 1s + 1s . . .

2
2
3
5
2.12. . , f (x)
.
47. f (x)

Z
f (y) cos xy dy
(2.12.1)
0
x > 0, ,

Z Y

f (y) cos xy dy < Keax

0
a, K Y . , ,
(y) =
f (y + n)
n=1
6 y 6 , ..
2
2
N

X

6 (y),
f
(y
+
n)

n=1
(2.12.2)
2.12]
79
(y) L.

p Fc (0) X
f (+0) (+0) (0)

n2
lim
,
+
Fc (n)e
=
+
+
0
2
2
2
2
n=1
, .
.
r
r

2
X (yn)
2 1 X n2 2 /2
2
K(y, ) =
e
=
+
e
cos ny ,
2 n=
2 n=1
(III) 2.10.
Z Y
f (y)K(y, ) dy =
0
r Z Y

Z Y
X
2 1
n2 2 /2
f (y) dy +
e
=
f (y) cos ny dy .
2 0
0
n=1
(2.12.2) Y ;

!
Z
p
Fc (0) X n2 2 /2
f (y)K(y, ) dy =
+
e
Fc (n) .
2
0
n=1
K(y, ) . , , K(y, )
, , ,
Z /2
Z (m+1/2)
X
f (y)K(y, ) dy +
f (y)K(y, ) dy =
0
m=1
(m1/2)
/2
f (y)K(y, ) dy +
/2
f (y)K(y, ) dy +
Z
X
m=1
Z /2
/2
f (y + m)K(y, ) dy =
/2
/2
(y)K(y, ) dy.
17, x = 0, a = ,
2
K(y,
)
b = K(0, y, ) =
; 17 2
, , K(y, ).
III
L2
3.1. . (1.2.1),
(1.2.2), - f (x), Fc (x),
, . ,
,
.
1 .
, .
:
48. f (x) L2 (, ) ( ),
Z a
1
eixy f (y) dy.
(3.1.1)
F (x, a) =
2 a
F (x, a) a (, )
F (x) L2 (, ); ,
Z a
1
f (x, a) =
eixy F (y) dy
(3.1.2)
2 a
f (x).
f (x), F (x)
Z
1 d
eixy 1
F (x) =
f (y)
dy,
iy
2 dx
Z
eixy 1
1 d
F (y)
dy,
f (x) =
iy
2 dx
x.
1
Plancherel (1), (2), (3), (4).
(3.1.3)
(3.1.4)
3.2]
81
, F (x, a)
1
F (x, a, b) =
2
eixy f (y) dy,

a
a b .

49. f (x), F (x) g(x), G(x) 48,
(2.1.1), (2.1.2) (2.1.3).
- - .
50. f (x) L2 (0, ),
q Z a
f (y) cos xy dy.
Fc (x, a) = 2
0
Fc (x, a) a (0, )
Fc (x) L2 (0, ); ,
q Z a
fc (x, a) = 2
F (y) cos xy dy
0 c
f (x). x
Z
Z
q
q
d
sin xy
d
sin xy
2
2
Fc (x) =
f (y)
Fc (y)
dy, f (x) =
dy.
dx 0
dx 0
y
y
51. -
50, cos xy sin xy sin xy 1 cos xy.
52. - - L2
(2.1.4), (2.1.5), (2.1.6) (2.1.7).
, - - ,
, ,
, f (x) .
.
3.2. ; 1 . (1.1).
a =
(+1)/
Titchmarsh (1), (2).
f (x) dx ( = 0, 1, . . .)
L2
82
n
X
n (x) =
[. iii
a eix/ .
=n
b > 0 n = [b] 1
lim n (x) =
eixy f (y) dy
. ,

n Z (+1)/
Z b

X

ixy
n (x)
=
eix/ eixy f (y) dy
e
f
(y)
dy

b
=n
n/
e f (y) dy
e f (y) dy 6
(n+1)/
b
Z b
Z b
Z n/
x
6
|f (y)| dy +
|f (y)| dy
|f (y)| dy 0,
b
(n+1)/
b

eix/ eixy 6 x .
,
Z
Z (+1)/
Z (+1)/
1 (+1)/
2
2
|a | 6
|f (x)| dx
dx =
|f (x)|2 dx.
/
/
/
Z
ixy
X 6
Z X
Z
2
|n (x)| dx 6
X
= 2
n
X
|n (x)|2 dx =
ix/
a e
=n
n
X
=n
ixy
n
X
ix/
a
e
=n
2
|a | 6 2

dx =
(n+1)/
n/
|f (x)| dx 6 2
|f (x)|2 dx.
X ,
2
Z X Z b
Z b

ixy

e f (y) dy dx 6 2
|f (x)|2 dx.

X
X
2
Z Z b
Z b

ixy

e f (y) dy dx 6 2
|f (x)|2 dx.
(3.2.1)

3.2]
83
f (y) = 0 a < y < a, (3.2.1)

Z a Z b
Z
2
|F (x, b) F (x, a)| dx 6
+
|f (x)|2 dx,
a , b . F (x, a)
F (x) L2 (, ); ,
(3.2.1) b ,
Z
Z
2
|F (x)| dx 6
|f (x)|2 dx.
(3.2.2)
, f (x, a) (x). ,
(x) = f (x) x, ,
Z
Z
(x) dx =
f (x) dx
0
.
Z
Z
Z Z a
1
(x) dx = lim
f (x, a) dx = lim
dx
F (y)eixy dy =
a
a
2 0
0
0
a
Z a
Z
iy
e
1
1
1
eiy 1
F (y)
F (y)
= lim
dy =
dy.
a
iy
iy
2 a
2
G , (1.24.2) 22, f (x) = 0 |x| > a,
Z iu
Z
e
1
1
f (x) dx =
F (u, a) du
(|| < a).
2 iu
0
lim
a
iu
eiu 1
F (u, a) du =
u
eiu 1
F (u) du,
u
1 L2 (, ). e
u
.
(3.1.4);
, (3.1.2)
(3.1.1), (3.1.3).
(3.2.2) f F . ,
,
Z
Z
|F (x)|2 dx =
|f (x)|2 dx.
L2
84
[. iii
G(x) g(x),
F + G f + g;
Z
Z
2
|F (x) + G(x)| dx =
|f (x) + g(x)|2 dx,
..
Z

|F (x)| + |G(x)| + 2 Re[F (x)G(x)] dx =
Z

=
|f (x)|2 + |g(x)|2 + 2 Re[f (x)g(x)] dx.
2
Re
F (x)G(x) dx = Re
f (x)g(x) dx.
f + ig, ,
. ,
Z
Z
f (x)g(x) dx.
F (x)G(x) dx =
3.3. ; 1 . f (x) L2 (, ).
fn (x),
, ,
Z
1
Fn (x) =
2
1
|Fn (x)| dx =
2
|f (x) fn (x)|2 dx 0.
dx
eixu fn (u) du.
ixu
fn (u) du
eixv fn (v) dv =
Z
1
=
fn (u) du
fn (v) dv
eix(uv) dx =
2
Z
Z
1
2 sin (u v)
fn (u) du
=
fn (v)
dv.
2
uv
, , 41.
3.3]
85
1.9
2fn (u) ;
Z
Z
2
|Fn (x)| dx =
|fn (u)|2 du.
,
Z
|Fm (x) Fn (x)| dx =
|fm (u) fn (u)|2 du,
m n , Fn (x)
F (x) L2 (, ).
Z
Z
2
|Fn (x)|2 dx =
|F (x)| dx = lim
n
Z
Z
2
|fn (x)| dx =
|f (x)|2 dx.
= lim
n
, , F (x) f (x), ,
, , fn (x) . ,
Z
Z Z
Z
1
1
eiu 1
ixu
Fn (x) dx =
dx
fn (u)e du =
fn (u)
du
iu
2 0
2
0
( ). n ,
Z
Z
eiu 1
1
f (u)
du,
F (x) dx =
iu
2
0
iu
e 1 L2 . x
iu
Z
1 d
eixu 1
F (x) =
f (u)
du,
iu
2 dx
, F (x) ( 0)
, .

; , , . ,
Z
Z
f (x)g(x) dx.
F (x)G(x) dx =
L2
86
[. iii
g(x) = 1 0 6 x 6 g(x) = 0 x < 0 x > .

Z ixu
Z x iu
e 1
1 d
e 1
1 eix 1
1 d
G(x) =
du =
du =
.
iu
iu
2 dx 0
2 dx 0
2 ix
Z
Z
eix 1
1
F (x)
dx =
f (x) dx,
ix
2
0
, f (x) F (x).
, h(x) = f (x) a 6 x 6 a h(x) = 0 |x| > a.
Z a
Z a
eixu 1
1 d
1
H(x) =
f (u)
du =
f (u)eixu du = F (x, a).
dx
iu
2
2 a
a
F (x) F (x, a)
f (x) h(x), .. 0 |x| 6 a f (x) |x| > a. ,
Z a Z
Z
2
|F (x) F (x, a)| dx =
+
|f (x)|2 dx,
a . ,
F (x) = l.i.m. F (x, a).
a
3.4. ; 1 . , f (x) L L2 ,
Z
1
F (x) =
eixt f (t) dt.
2
2 2
Z
x
exp
|F (x)|2 dx =
2
2 2 Z
Z
Z
1
x
ixu
=
exp
dx
e f (u) du
eixv f (v) dv =
2
2
2

Z
Z
Z
1
x2
=
f (u) du
f (v) dv
exp
+ ix(u v) dx =
2
2

Z
Z
(u v)2
1
f (u) du
exp
=
f (v) dv,
2 2
2
(3.4.1)
1
F. Riesz (2).
3.5]
87

Z Z

(u v)2

exp
f (u)f (v) du dv =

2
2

Z Z

2
2

(u
v)
(u
v)
6
f
(u)
exp
f
(v)
du
dv
=
exp

4 2
4 2

sZ Z

(u v)2
exp
|f (u)|2 du dv
6
2
2

sZ Z

(u v)2
exp
|f (v)|2 du dv =
2
2

Z Z
(u v)2
=
exp
|f (u)|2 du dv =
2
2

Z
Z
Z
t2
2
=
|f (u)| du
exp 2 dt = 2
|f (u)|2 du.
2
2 2
Z
x
2
exp
|F (x)| dx 6
|f (u)|2 du,
2
, 0, , F (x)
L2 (, ).
, (3.4.1)

Z
Z
t2
1
f (u) du
exp 2 f (u + t) dt =
2
2

Z
Z
t2
1
exp 2 dt
f (u)f (u + t) du =
=
2
2

Z
t2
1
exp 2 (t) dt,
=
2
2
(t) =
f (u)f (u + t) du.
f L2 , ,
( 1.18),
2 2
Z
Z
x
2
|F (x)| dx = lim
exp
|F (x)|2 dx =
0
2

Z
Z
t2
1
exp 2 (t) dt = (0) =
|f (u)|2 du.
= lim
0 2
2
L2
88
[. iii
F f L2 .
3.5. 1 . n-
n
2
n x2 d
Hn (x) = (1) e
ex .
(3.5.1)
n
dx

n (x) = ex
2 /2
Hn (x) = (1)n ex
2 /2
dn x2
e .
dxn
(3.5.2)
, , , ,
, , .

dn x2
dn+1 x2
dn+2 x2
00
n x2 /2
2
n (x) = (1) e
(x + 1) n e
+ 2x n+1 e
+ n+2 e
dx
dx
dx

dn+1
dn+1 x2
dn x2
dn+2 x2
x2
e
= n+1 2xe
= 2x n+1 e
2(n + 1) n e .
dxn+2
dx
dx
dx
00n (x)

dn x2
dn x2
2
= (1) e
(x + 1) n e
2(n + 1) n e
=
dx
dx
= (x2 2n 1)n (x).
n x2 /2
(3.5.3)
, y = n (x)
d2 y
x2 y = (2n + 1)y.
(3.5.4)
dx2
2
y = ex /2 u,
d2 u
du
2x
= 2nu,
2
dx
dx
(3.5.5)
Hn (x) .
Hn (x) . ,
u = a0 + a1 x + . . .
1
. , , . 5171.
3.6]
89
(3.5.5).
X
r=2
ar r(r 1)xr2 2
X
r=1
ar rxr = 2n
ar xr ,
r=0
(r + 1)(r + 2)ar+2 = 2(r n)ar .
, : , r , n,
.
n (x) . , (3.5.3)
00m (x)n (x) 00n (x)m (x) = 2(n m)m (x)n (x),
m (x)n (x) dx =
m 6= n.
h
i
1

0m (x)n (x) 0n (x)m (x)
= 0,
2(n m)
3.6.
531 . |t| < 1
2
2
X
e(x +y )/2

2
1
x y 2 (x yt)2
t Hn (x)Hn (y) =
exp
.
2n n!
2
1 t2
1 t2
n=0
(3.6.1)
.
Z
1
2
x2
eu +2ixu du,
e
=

n
(2i)n ex
Hn (x) =
(x2 +y 2 )/2
X
e
2n n!
n=0
=
1
e(x
. Watson (3).
un eu
2 +2ixu
du.
tn Hn (x)Hn (y) =
2 +y 2 )/2
Z
X
n=0
(2tuv)n u2 v2 +2ixu+2iyv
du dv =
e
n!
L2
90
=
=
e(x
2 +y 2 )/2
(x2 y 2 )/2 Z
eu
2 v 2 +2ixu+2iyv2tuv
[. iii
du dv =
2 )u2 +2i(xyt)u
e(1t
du =
2

x y 2 (x yt)2
1
exp
.
=
2
1 t2
1 t2
,
Z Z X
(2uv)n u2 v2 +2Au+2Bv
e
du dv
n!
n=0
< 1.
54.
n (x)
n (x) = p
2n n!
(, ), ..
(
Z
1 (m = n),
m (x)n (x) dx =
0 (m 6= n).
. m 6= n 3.5. (3.6.1) x = y,

n x2
X
t e [Hn (x)]2
1
1t 2
exp
=p
x .
2n n!
1+t
(1 t2 )
n=0
,

Z
Z
X
1t 2
tn
1
x2
2
exp
e [Hn (x)] dx = p
x dx =
n n!
2)
1
+
t
2
(1
n=0
r
X
1
1
1+t
=p
=
=
tn .
2
1t
1 t n=0
(1 t )
t,
Z
Z
2
2
[n (x)] dx =
ex [Hn (x)]2 dx = 2n n! ,
3.7]
3.7.
55. f (x) L2 (, ).
Z
am =
f (x)m (x) dx
(m = 0, 1, 2, . . .).
91
(3.7.1)
lim
X

f (x)
dx = 0.
a
(x)
m
m

(3.7.2)
m=0
. (3.6.1)
2

X
1
x y 2 (x yt)2
n
t n (x)n (y) = p
exp
.
(3.7.3)
2
2)
2
1
t
(1
t
n=0
K(x, y, t). K(x, y, t) > 0 ( y = 2xt 2 + u)

1+t
Z
K(x, y, t) dy =

Z

1 t2 x2
1
1 + t2 u2
exp
exp
=p
du =
1 + t2 2
1 t2 2
(1 t2 )
r

2
1 t2 x2
=
exp
1
1 + t2
1 + t2 2
t 1. (1.19.2), (1.19.3), , .
, f (x) , , , 17,
Z
lim
K(x, y, t)f (y) dy = f (x).
(3.7.4)
t1
, (3.7.3) f (y)
(, ),
Z
X
n
an t n (x) =
K(x, y, t)f (y) dy f (x)
n=0
t 1, , , .
f (x) ,
Z
X
2 n
an t =
f 2 (x) dx,
n=0
X
n=0
a2n
f 2 (x) dx.
L2
92
[. iii
f (x) L2 (, ). ,
, f (x) ,
,
Z
|f (x) f (x)|2 dx < ,
an, =
f (x)n (x) dx.
2
Z
Z
n
X
f (x)
am, m (x) dx =
>
f 2 (x) dx+
m=1
f 2 (x) dx
n
X
a2m =
m=1
, ,
Z
Z
2
62
f (x) f (x) dx + 2
< 2 + 2
m=1
a2m, 2
n
X
am, am >
m=1
2
n

X
am m (x) dx
f (x)
m=1
n
X
f (x)
f2 (x) dx 2
n
X
n
X
m=1
2
am, m (x) dx <
a2m, < 3
m=1
n. (3.7.2).
56. a1 , a2 , . . .
f (x) L2 (, ),
(3.7.1).
n (x).
. 54
2
Z X
N
X
N

am m (x) dx =
a2m ,

m=n
m=n
N .
n
X
am m (x)
m=0
n f (x),
Z
Z X
n
f (x)r (x) dx = lim
am m (x)r (x) dx = ar .
m=0
3.8]
93
3.8.
57. n (x) in n (x).
.
Z
Z
dn
2
2
ixy
n
e n (x) dx = (1)
eixy+x /2 n ex dx =
dx
Z
n
2 d
2
=
ex
eixy+x /2 dx =
n
dx
Z
n
2
2
2 d
e(x+iy) /2 dx =
= ey /2
ex
n
dx
Z
n
2
2 d
2
e(x+iy) /2 dx =
= (i)n ey /2
ex
n
dy
n Z
d
2
2
2
= (i)n ey /2 n
ex /2+ixyy /2 dx =
dy
dn
2
2
= (i)n ey /2 n 2 ey = in 2 n (y).
dy
.
Z
1
eixy n (x) dx.
n (y) =
2
Z
1
=
eixy x2 n (x) dx.
2
, ,
Z
1
n (y) =
eixy 00n (x) dx.
2
y 2
00n (y)
00n (y) y 2 n (y) + (2n + 1)n (y) =

Z
1
=
eixy [00n (x) x2 n (x) + (2n + 1)n (x)] dx = 0.
2
, n (x) , n (x); ,
2
2
ex /2 n (x) , ex /2 n (x) . ,
n (x) = cn n (x).
x2 /2
1
=
2
eixyy
2 /2
dy,
L2
94
dn x2 /2
in
e
=
dxn
2
eixyy
2 /2
y n dy;

dn x2 /2
n n
x2 /2
e
=e
(1) x + . . . .
dxn
in
[. iii
eixyy
2 /2
y n dy = ex
2 /2
ixy

(1)n xn + . . . ,
Z
1
2
n (x) dy =
eixyy /2 (2n y n + . . .) dy =
2
n x2 /2 n n
=i e
(2 x + . . .).
,
cn = in .
3.9. ;
. , 2
, f (x) L (0, ),
Z
an =
f (x)n (x) dx.
a2n
a1 = a3 = . . . = 0,
Z
=2
f (x)2n (x) dx
a22n
=2
n=0
f 2 (x) dx.
56, g(x) ,
Z
n
(1) a2n = 2
g(x)2n (x) dx
(n = 0, 1, . . .),
g (x) dx =
X
n=0
a22n
f 2 (x) dx.
f g, , .
3.10]
95
, g(x) f (x).
Z
Z
q Z
sin xy
sin xy
n
2
2n (y) dy = (1)
dy
2n (t) cos yt dt =
0
y
y
0
0
Z
q Z
q Z x
sin xy cos yt
n
n
2
= (1)
dy = (1)
2n (t) dt
(t) dt,
0
2 0 2n
y
0
2n (t) L(0, ) y
.
Z
N
sin xy X
(1)n a2n 2n (y) dy =
y n=0
0
Z x
N
q X
q Z x
= lim
a2n
2n (t) dt =
f (t) dt,
2
2 0
N
0
sin xy
dy = lim
g(y)
N
y
n=0
f g -
.
, f (x) , .
3.10. . L2 , 3 14.
58. f (t) L2 (, ) t = x,
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
1
lim
eixu F (u) du.
=
2
2
. G(u), eixu |u| < 0 |u| > ,
1
g(v) =
2
eixuiuv du =
2 sin (x + v) .
x+v
, ,
Z
q Z
sin (x v)
ixu
f (v)
e
F (u) du = 2
dv.

xv
( 12, Ia).
L2
96
[. iii
591 . f (t) L2 (, ),

Z
1
|u|
f (x) =
1
lim
F (u)eixu du
2
x,
Z h
|f (x + t) + f (x t) 2f (x)| dt = o(h)
0
h 0, x. f (x) ,
(C, 1).
. G(u),

|u| ixu
e
|u| < 0 |u| > ,
1

Z
q 2 sin2 1 (x + v)
|u| ixuiuv
1
2
1
.
g(v) =
e
du = 2
(x
+ v)2
2
, ,

Z
q Z
2 sin2 12 (x v)
|u|
ixu
1
du = 2
f (v)
dv,
F (u)e

(x v)2
, 1.16, 13.
f F .

60.
Z a
1
eixt (t) dt,
f (x) = lim
a
2 a
L2 ,
1
f (x) =
2
eixt (t) dt,
L, .
,

Z
1
|t|
lim
1
f (t)eixt dt
2
(x), 14 (x).
1
Plancherel (3).
3.11]
97
3.11. . f (t) L2 ,
Z
eixt f (t) dt
. , 59, (C, 1) , f F
.
, . 58,
F (x). f (x), .
611 . f (t) L2 (, ),
Z
eixt f (t) dt = o(ln )
(3.11.1)
x,
Z h
(h) =
|F (x + y) + F (x y) 2F (x)| dy = o(h)
0
h 0, x.
. 58,
Z
q Z
sin y
ixt
e f (t) dt = 2
F (x + y)
dy.

y
2 Z
Z
Z
sin y
dy
2
F (x + y)
dy 6
|F (x + y)| dy
6
|F (t)|2 dt
2
y
y
1
1
(, 1). ,
Z 1
Z 1
sin y
sin y
F (x + y)
dy =
[F (x + y) + F (x y)]
dy =
y
y
1
0
Z 1
sin y
=
[F (x + y) + F (x y) 2F (x)]
dy + O(1),
y
0
F (x) .
1
Plancherel (3).
L2
98
1/

F (x+y)+F (xy)2F (x) dy +
[. iii

F (x+y)+F (xy)2F (x) dy .
y
1/
(h) = o(h), o(1),

1
Z 1

Z 1 0
Z 1
(y)
(y)
(y)
dy
= o(ln ).
dy =
+
dy = O(1) + o
2
y
y 1/
1/
1/ y
1/ y
.
621 . f (t) f (t) ln(|t| + 2)
L2 (, ), x
1
lim
eixt f (t) dt = F (x).
(3.11.2)
.

Z
Z
Z
|t|
1 ixt
ixt
ixt
e |t|f (t) dt.
e f (t) dt =
e
1
f (t) dt +
, 59, 2F (x).
, x
Z
eixt |t|f (t) dt = o().
61
() =
eixt f (t) ln(t + 2) dt = o(ln )

0
x. x , ,
Z
Z
t0 (t)
ixt
e tf (t) dt =
dt =
0
0 ln(t + 2)
Z

t(t)
1
t
=
(t) dt =
ln(t + 2) 0
ln(t + 2) (t + 2) ln2 (t + 2)
0
Z
o(ln ) +
o(1) dt = o(),
=
ln( + 2)
0
.
1
Plancherel (3).
3.12]
99
3.12. , , , , ,
,
p .
63. f (t) f (t) ln(|t| + 2) L2 (, ), (3.11.2)
x1 .
.
Z (x)
Z
ixt
(x) =
e f (t) dt =
eixt f (t)(x, t) dt,
(x)
(x) x,
(x) 6 a, (x, t) = 1 |t| 6 (x) = 0 |t| > (x),
(x, t) = 0 |t| > a x.
Z
Z Z
Z
p
ixt
(x) dx =
dx
e f (t)(x, t) dt =
f (t) ln(|t| + 2) (t) dt,
0
(t) = p
eixt (x, t) dx
ln(|t| + 2) 0
( t ).
Z
2 Z
Z

2

(x) dx 6
|f (t)| ln(|t| + 2) dt
|(t)|2 dt.

0
Z
Z
dt
ixt
|(t)| dt =
e (x, t) dx
eiyt (y, t) dy =
ln(|t|
+
2)
0
0
Z Z Z
(x, t) (y, t)
dx
dy
ei(xy)t
dt =
=
ln(|t| + 2)
0
0
Z Z Z (x,y)
ei(xy)t
dt,
=
dx
dy
0
0
(x,y) ln(|t| + 2)
(x, y) = min{(x), (y)}. (x, y) =

,
Z
cos(x y)t
sin(x y)
1 cos(x y)
dt =
+
+
ln(t + 2)
(x y) ln( + 2) (x y)2( + 2) ln( + 2)
0
Z
ln(t + 2) + 2
1
dt =
+
[1 cos(x y)t]
2
(x y) 0
(t + 2)2 ln3 (t + 2)
= J1 + J2 + J3 .
1
[Plessner (2)].
L2
100
[. iii
, F (x, y, t) = F (y, x, t),

Z Z

Z Z

F (x, y, (x, y)) dx dy 6 2
dx
|F (x, y, (x))| dy.

0
, Q 0 6 x 6 , 0 6 y 6 ,
Q1 = Q{(x) 6 (y)},
Q2 = Q{(x) > (y)}.
Q1 (x, y) = (x), Q2 (x, y) = (y).

Z Z
Z Z

+
F
(x,
y,
(x,
y))
dx
dy
6
F
(x,
y,
(x))
dx
dy

Q
Q
Z Z
1 Z Z

F (x, y, (x)) dy
F (x, y, (y)) dx dy 6 2
dx
+
Q2
x y.
,
Z Z

Z Z

J1 dx dy 6 2
dx

0

sin((x y)(x))

(x y) ln((x) + 2) dy.
0 6 x 6 ,

Z
Z (x)
sin((x y)(x))
sin u

dy 6 2

u du 6
xy
0
0

Z [(x)+2]
h
i
du
62 1+
= 2 1 + ln + ln (x) + 2 .
u
1
Z Z

Z

J1 dx dy 6 4

0
Z Z

J2 dx dy 6

0
1 + ln + ln((x) + 2)
dx < K().
ln((x) + 2)

Z
1 cos (x y)(x)
dx
62
dy <
2
(x y)2
0 ((x) + 2) ln ((x) + 2) 0
Z
(x)
<A
dx < K().
2
0 ((x) + 2) ln ((x) + 2)
Z
3.12]
Z Z

Z

J3 dx dy 6 2

Z Z
1 cos(x y)t
ln(t + 2) + 2
dx
dt
dy <
3
2
(x y)2
0
0
0 (t + 2) ln (t + 2)
Z
t[ln(t + 2) + 2]
dt = K().
< K()
3
2
0 (t + 2) ln (t + 2)
101
(x)
Z
2
Z

(x) dx < K()
f 2 (t) ln(|t| + 2) dt.

0
(x, T, T ) =
max
T 6(x)6T 0
(x)
f (t) cos xt dt.
(x, T, T 0 )
, f (t) = 0 t < T t > T 0 .
Z
2

0
<

(x,
T,
T
)
dx

0
< K()
T0
f (t) ln(t + 2) dt < K()
f 2 (t) ln(t + 2) dt.
T 0
0
(x, T, T ) (x, T ) = max

0
(x, T, T ) > 0,
T 6(x)
(x)
f (t) cos xt dt,
(x)
f (t) cos xt dt = 0, (x) = T . -
1 ,
Z
2
Z

(x, T ) dx < K()

0
f 2 (t) ln(t + 2) dt.
(x, T ) > 0, T (x, T ) , , 1 (x).

Z
Z
1 (x) dx 6 lim
(x, T ) dx = 0,
0
; . , , 10.8.1. [.
. . , , . 125.
. .]
L2
102
[. iii
1 (x) = 0 x. , (x, T )
max min, ,
(x, T ) 0 x.

Z U
(x, T ) 6
f (t) cos xt dt 6 (x, T ),
T
f (t) cos xt dt 0 x, T U -
. ,
Z
f (t) cos xt dt
0
x. , x. ,
(3.11.2) x.
, , 48,
F (x).
3.13.
.
64. f (x) g(x) L2 (, ),
(2.1.9) ,
(2.1.8) x.
. f (u+t),
t ,
Z a
Z
1
eixt a+t ixv
ixu
l.i.m.
e f (u + t) du = l.i.m.
e f (v) dv = eixt F (x).
a
a
2 a
2 a+t
, 49.
65. f (x) L2 (, ), g(x) L(, ), (2.1.9) L2 .
. F L2 , G , F G L2 .
Z
eixu 1
1
F (u)G(u)
du.
(3.13.1)
iu
2
ixu
G(u) e
1
iu
3.13]
103
eixu 1
du =
eiyu G(u)
iu
a
Z a
Z
ixu
1
1
iyu e
= l.i.m.
e
du
eiu g() d =
a 2 a
iu
Z
Z a
sin(x + y )u sin(y )u
1
g() d
du =
= l.i.m.
a
u
0
Z x+y
=
g() d
(x > 0),
1
l.i.m.
a
2
.
, (3.13.1)
Z
Z xy
Z
Z x
1
1
f (y) dy
g() d =
f (y) dy
g(u y) du =
2
2
y
0
Z x Z
1
=
du
f (y)g(u y) dy,
2 0
. x .
, f
L2 , g L,
Z
h(x) =
f (y)g(x y) dy
L2 , 1
Z
Z
2
2
|h(x)| 6
|f (y)| |g(x y)| dy
|g(x y)| dy =
Z
Z
2
=
|f (y)| |g(x y)| dy
|g(u)| du,
Z
Z
Z
Z
2
2
|h(x)| dx 6
|g(u)| du
|f (y)| dy
|g(x y)| dx =
|f (y)|2 dy
Z
2
|g(u)| du .
66. f (x) ,
L(, ), F (x)
Z
F (x) =
(t)(x t) dt,
(3.13.2)
|f (y)|2 |g(xy)| dy
. . .
L2
104
[. iii
L2 (, ). , F (x)
,
q Z
f (x) = 2
F (t) cos xt dt
0
L.
p . f (x)
L, f (x) L2 . G(x)
. G L2 , 64,
Z
G(t)G(x t) dt

f f = f .
, (3.13.2), f
, , f
L.
67. f L,
Z
F (x) =
(t)(x t) dt,
L2 , .

p
p
f = |f | |f | sgn f.
3.14. .
68. f (x) f 0 (x) L2 ,
F (x) xF (x) L2 , .
.
Z x
2
2
f (x) f (0) = 2
f (t)f 0 (t) dt,
0
x . , , f 2 (x)
L, ,
; , f (x) x .

Z a
Z a
a

ixu 0
ixu
eixu f (u) du.
e f (u) du = e f (u) ix
a
3.15]
105
a 2(x).
, ,
x. 2ixF (x),
x. ,
(x) = ixF (x),
, (x)
L2 .
, xF (x) L2 (x) . F xF L2 , F (u) L(, )1 .
x
1
(u) du =
2
eixu 1
i
uF (u)
du =
iu
2
F (u)eixu du C.
if (x),
if (x) . x
Z
x
0
(u) du = if (x) C,
.
, , .
3.15.
69. f (x), Fc (x) napa -
L2 ,
1
x
f (t) dt,
Fc (t)
dt
t
. .
1
|F | dx =
|x|61
|F | dx +
|x|>1
1
|xF | dx 6
|x|
s Z
2
|x|61
s Z
|F |2 dx + 2
|x|>1
|xF |2 dx.
. .
L2
106
[. iii
. ,
L2 , 1 . ,
- .
Z
q Z
1 x
sin xy
f (t) dt = 2
Fc (y)
dy.
0
x 0
xy
-
Z
Z
sin xu
sin xy
2 d
dx
Fc (y)
dy =
du 0
x
xy
0
Z
Z
d
Fc (y)
sin xu sin xy
2
=
dx =
dy
du 0
y
x2
0
Z
d
Fc (y)
=
min(u, y) dy =
du 0
y
Z u
Z
Z
d
Fc (y)
Fc (y)
=
dy =
dy.
Fc (y) dy + u
du 0
y
y
u
u
1
. , , . XII, . 14. [
Rx
R f (t)
dt. , (x) = 1 0 f (t) dt, (x) = x
x
t
f L2 (0, ). t = 1 , x = 1 ,
u
y

1
1
2
f
L (0, )
u
u
2
2
Z Z
Z Z y

1

f (t)
1
1

dx
=
dt
f
du dy;

t
y 0 u
u
0
0
0
,
.
Rx
f1 (x) = 0 f (t) dt. ,
Z x
f12 (x) 6 x
f 2 (t) dt
0
f12 (x)
2f12 ()
+ 2[f1 (x) f1 ()] 6
2f12 ()
+ 2(x )
f 2 (t) dt.
, 1 f12 (x) 0 x 0 x . 0 < a < b < .

x
,
b
Z b
Z b
Z b
dx
f 2 (x)
2 (x) dx =
f12 (x) 2 = 1
+
2
(x)f (x) dx 6
x
x a
a
a
a
s
s
b
Z b
Z b
f12 (x)
2
f 2 (x) dx.
6
+2
(x) dx
x a
a
a
a q
0, b
qR
R
1
2
f1 (x)
2 (x) dx 6 2 0 f 2 (x) dx, 0
x
. . .]
3.17]
107

. , y < u

Z
Z 1/u
Z 1/y
Z
sin xu sin xy
y
dx

dx 6
uy dx +
dx +
=

2
2
x
0
0
1/u x
1/y x

u
u
y,
= y + y ln + y = 2 + ln
y
y
u < y;

Z
Z u
u
|Fc (y)|
y
|Fc (y)| 2 + ln
dy + u
2 + ln
dy
y
y
u
u
0
, Fc L2 .
3.16. .
70. f L, g L2 ,

Z
Z
|x|
lim
1
F (x)G(x) dx =
f (x)g(x) dx.

.

Z
|x|
1
F (x)G(x) dx =

Z
Z
|x|
1
1
eixt f (t) dt =
=
G(x) dx

Z
Z
1
|x|
ixt
e
1
=
f (t) dt
G(x) dx,
. 59,
q Z
2 sin2 12 (t + u)
2
g(u)
du.

(t + u)2
, g(u) ,
2g(t) t.
.
3.17. . , f (x) L2 ,
Z
|f (x)|2
dx < .
x
0
L2
108
[. iii
71. xk f (x) L2 .
Z a
f (x)xs1 dx (Re s = k)
F(s, a) =
1/a
(ki, k+i)
F(s);
Z k+ia
1
f (x, a) =
F(s)xs ds
2i kia
f (x) ,
Z
lim
|f (x) f (x, a)|2 x2k1 dx = 0,
a
Z
1
|f (x)| x
dx =
|F(k + it)|2 dt.
2
0
.
72. xk f (x) x1k g(x) L2 .
Z
Z k+i
1
f (x)g(x) dx =
F(s)G(1 s) ds.
2i ki
0
Z
2 2k1
49.
73. xk f (x) xk g(x) L2 .
Z k+i
1
f (x)g(x),
F(w)G(s w) dw
2i ki
,
Z
Z k+i
1
s1
F(w)G(s w) dw
f (x)g(x)x dx =
2i ki
0
t.
g(x)
g(x)xs1 .
IV
L-
4.1. Lp.
2 p.
p
p0 =
p1
.
741 . f (x) Lp (, ), 1 < p 6 2.
Z a
1
eixt f (t) dt
(4.1.1)
F (x, a) =
2 a
a p0 .
F (x), f (x),
Z
p0
|F (x)| dx 6
1
1 0
(2) 2 p 1
Z
1
p1
|f (x)| dx
.
(4.1.2)
, ,
x
Z
1 d
eixt 1
F (x) =
f (t)
dt,
(4.1.3)
it
2 dx
Z
1 d
eixt 1
f (x) =
F (t)
dt.
(4.1.4)
it
2 dx
L2 , F (x, a)
Z b
1
F (x, a, b) =
eixt f (t) dt,
2 a
a b .
4.2.
(2.1.11). k ,
1
Titchmarsh (2).
110
L-
[F (x)]k
k (x) =
f (uk1) duk1 . . .
[. iv
1
k1 k (x),
(2) 2
f (u1 )f (x u1 . . . uk1) du1.
1 .
. ( .) f (x) g(x)
1
1
L 1 L 1 , > 0, > 0,
+ < 1,
Z

6
f
g
dx

Z
|f |
1
1
|g|
1
1
1 Z
dx
|f |
1
1
Z
dx
|g|
1
1

dx .
.
Z
Z
Z
Z

1
1
1

|| dx
|| dx ,
dx 6
|| dx

+ + = 1, > 0, > 0, > 0.

1
||1+ = |f |,
|| = || || ,
||1+ = |g|
= , = , .
.
Fp (f ) =
Z
(x) =
1
1
p1
|f (x)| dx .
p
f (t)g(x t) dt,
() 6 F
1
1
(f ) F
1
1
(g).
.
1
Z

1
1
1
F 1 (f )
|f (t)| 1 |g(x t)| 1 dt
F
|(x)| 6
1
1
. , , , . 169173.
1
(f )
.
4.3]
74 p = 2k/(2k 1)
Z
Z
1
|(x)| 1 dx 6
|f (t)|
1
1
dt
111
|g(x t)| 1 dx
(1)(1)
(1)(1)

F 1 (f )
F 1 (g)
=
1
1
1
1
1
1

(1+ 1
)
(1+ 1
)
= F 1 (f )
F 1 (g)
,
1
.
2k
. f (x) L 2k1 , k (x) L2 ,
Z
2k1
Z
2k
2
2k1
[k (x)] dx 6
|f (x)|
dx
.
.
Z
k (x) =
f (t)k1 (x t) dt.
,
F
1
1 k
2k
(k ) 6 F
1
1 k1
2k
(k1)F
1
1 1
2k

1
6 F k2
(k2) F
1
2k
(f ) 6
1
1 1
2k
2

(f ) 6 . . . 6 F
1
1 1
2k
k
(f ) ,
.
2k 1 .
2k 1
, f (x) g(x) L2
.
Z
1
g(u1 )f (x u1 ) du1
2
4.3. 74 p =
(, 64) F (x)G(x).
k 1 ,
1
, [F (x)]k
k1 k (x) (2) 2
1
, (W.H. Young)
. . ,
.
112
L-
[. iv
L2 .
Z
Z
1
2k
|F (x)| dx =
|k (x)|2k dx 6
k1
(2)
Z
2k1
2k
1
6
.
|f (x)| 2k1 dx
(2)k1
(4.1.2) p = 2k .
2k 1
2k
f (x) L 2k1 . , f (x) x (b, a) (a, b)
x, .
Z a Z b
2k1
Z
2k
1
2k
|F (x, b) F (x, a)| dx 6
+
|f (x)| 2k1 dx
.
(2)k1
b
a
a , b .
, F (x, a) F (x).
Z
Z
2k
|F (x)| dx = lim
|F (x, a)|2k dx 6
1
6 lim
a (2)k1
Z
|f (x)|
2k
2k1
2k1
dx
=
1
(2)k1
Z
|f (x)|
2k
2k1
2k1
dx
.
,
Z
Z
Z Z a
1
F (x) dx = lim
F (x, a) dx = lim
dx
eixt f (t) dt =
a
a
2
0
0
0
a
Z a
Z
eit 1
eit 1
1
1
f (t)
f (t)
= lim
dt =
dt,
a
it
it
2 a
2
x
Z
1 d
eixt 1
F (x) =
f (t)
dt.
it
2 dx
, 0 < < a
Z
eiu 1
1
F (u, a)
du =
iu
2
Z
Z
Z a
iu
1
1
iut e
e
f (t) dt,
=
du =
f (t) dt
2 a
iu
4.4]
113
u. a ,
Z
Z
eiu 1
1
F (u)
du =
f (t) dt,
iu
2
0
iu
2k
1 L 2k1
e
. ,
iu
Z
eixu 1
1 d
F (u)
du = f (x)
iu
2 dx
x > 0. x < 0.
4.4. p. p
.
. cm (n 6 m 6 n)
1
p0
X
p1
Z X
n
n

1
imx
p

cm e dx 6
|cm |
.
(4.4.1)
2 m=n
m=n
:
.
(I)1 . f (t) L(, ),
Z
1
cm =
eimt f (t) dt (m = 0, 1, . . .).
(4.4.2)
2
:
Z
p1
1
p
Jp (f ) =
|f (t)| dt
2
Sp (f ) =
X
m=
|cm |
p1
(4.4.3)
(4.4.4)
, f (t)
J p 0 6 Sp
1
Hausdorff (1).
(1 < p 6 2).
(4.4.5)
114
L-
[. iv
p 2k ,
2k 1
, .
X
X
imx
f (x) =
cm e , g(x) =
m eimx ,
m=
f (x)g(x) =
m=
imx
dm e
dm =
m=
1
1
ck mk .
k=
(f g) 6 S
1
1
(f )S
1
1
(g),
, , ,

k
k
S2 (f ) 6 S 1 1 (f ) .
1
(4.4.6)
(4.4.7)
2k

S2 () = J2 ().
(4.4.8)
,
S2 (f k ) = J2 (f k ) = [J2k (f )]k ,
(4.4.7) (4.4.5) p = 2k .
2k 1
(4.4.5) p
, .. 0
, Jpp0 , 0
Spp n. Spp , Jpp0 xm , ym
cm = xm +iym ,
.
Z
n
X
1
0
2
2 p/2
=
(xm + ym ) ,
=
|f (t)|p dt.
2
m=n

ym
xm
=
=
xm
ym
(m = n, . . . , n).
4.4]
+i
xm
ym
=
+i
xm
ym
115
(m = n, . . . , n).
1
p
2
2 2 1
+i
= p(xm + iym )(xm + ym )
= p|cm |p1 sgn cm .
xm
ym
,
|f (t)|2 = f (t)f (t),
|f (t)| = f (t)
f (t) + f (t)
f (t) = f (t)eimt + f (t)eimt ,
xm
xm
xm

2|f (t)|
2|f (t)|
|f (t)| = f (t) ieimt f (t) ieimt .

ym
2|f (t)|
+i
|f (t)| = 2f (t)eimt ,
xm
ym

+i
|f (t)| = eimt sgn f (t),
xm
ym
p0
+i
=
xm
ym
2
eimt |f (t)|p 1 sgn f (t) dt.
,
Z
p0 imt
0
e
|f (t)|p 1 sgn f (t) dt = p|cm |p1 sgn cm
2
(m = n, . . . , n).
(4.4.9)
cm m.
p0
2
..
1
|f (t)|p dt = p
0
m=n
p0 Jpp0 = pSpp .
sgn z = z (z 6= 0), sgn(0) = 0.
|z|
n
X
|cm |p .
(4.4.10)
116
L-
[. iv
(4.4.9) 2n + 1 0
|f (t)|p 1 sgn f (t).
2
Z
n
X
p

|cm |p1 sgn cm 6 1
|f (t)|p01 sgn f (t)2 dt,

p0
2
m=n
. .
Z
n
2 p2 X
1
0
2p2
|cm |
6
|f (t)|2p 2 dt,
0
2
p m=n
2
0
2p2
2p 2
6 p0 2 J2p
2 p2 S2p2
0 2 .
(4.4.11)
(4.4.10) (4.4.11) ,
0
p0 1
J2p
Jpp0
0 2
(4.4.12)
p 6
p1 .
Sp
S2p2
r 0 = 2p0 2,
r=
2
.
3p
,
0
p1 p p
Srp 1 6 S2p2
Sp ,
(4.4.13)
(4.4.12) (4.4.13)

Jp 0
Sp
p0
Jr 0
Sr
p0 1
(4.4.14)
, (4.4.5) p0 =
= r 0 . (4.4.14) ,
0
p0 = r + 1 , , ,
2
.
p0 = 2k. ,
p0 = k + 1,
k+3 k+7
,
,...,
2
4
.. ,
. ,
a Sp Jp0 p ,
(4.4.5) .
4.4]
117
(II)1 . . ,
,
X
1 X
1
X
p p
p 0 p0
am bm 6
|am |
|bm |
0
, |am |p |bm |p .
4.2.
Sp Jp , ,
n
X
fn (x) =
cm eimx .
m=n
Sp0 (fn )
f M =
Jp (f )
J 0 (f )
= M(n) = Mp (n), p n Sp (fn )
cm M 0 = M 0 (n) = Mp0 (n); n p . , M M 0
, .. n.
, Sp0 (fn ) = 1.
0
1
|cm |p >
m.
2n + 1
Z
1
1
6 |cm | 6
|f (x)| dx 6 Jp
(2n + 1)1/p0
2

, ,
Mp (n) 6 (2n + 1)1/p .

, ,
gn (x) = |fn (x)|p 1 sgn fn (x)
1
m =
2
0
Jpp0 (fn )
1
=
2
fn (x)gn (x) dx =
eimx gn (x) dx.
n
X
cm m 6
m=n
n
X
m=n
|cm m | 6
1
6 Sp (fn )Sp0 (gn ) 6 MSp (fn )Jp (gn ) = MSp (fn )Jpp1
(fn ). (4.4.15)
0
1
Jpp1
(fn ), , M 0 , M 0 6 M.
0
1
Hardy and Littlewood (1). . F. Riesz (1).
118
L-
[. iv
,
hn (x) =
n
X
m=n
|cm |p 1 sgn cm eimx ,
( )
Z
1
p0
Sp0 (fn ) =
f (x)hn (x) dx 6
2
6 Jp (f )Jp0 (hn ) 6 M 0 Jp (f )Sp (hn ) = M 0 Jp (f )Spp0 1 (fn ),
M 6 M 0 . , M = M 0 . f (x) = 1
, M > 1.
fn (x) ,
J 0 (f )
M 0 p n ( Sp (fn )
cm , ). M = M 0 ,
(4.4.15) , ,
. ,
,
|cm |p = |m |p
(n 6 m 6 n),
m. ,
0
Spp (fn ) = Spp0 (gn ).

fn , ,
(4.4.15),
Spp1
(gn )
Jpp1 (gn )
0
Jp0 (fn )
=
=
.
Sp (fn ) =
M
M
Mp
= M p Spp0 pp (gn ).
r 0 = 2p0 2,
r=
, ,
S22 (gn )
1
6
2
|gn | dx =
0
Jrr0 (fn )
2
.
3p
0
0
Mrr Srr (fn )
r0
r0 p
Mr
0
= Mrr Mppr Sp0 (gn )

1
r0 (p1 p1
)
r
p1
r (g )
S p1
.
n
r

p1
r (g )
S p1
=
n
4.5]
|m |
r
p1
X
|m |
p1 X
3p
|m |
p
p1
2(2p)
3p
119

S22 (gn ).
0
1 6 Mrr Mppr
, ,
Mr > Mpp > Mp .
p r r
s = 2 , . 3r
p, 1 ( r 0 2 = 2(p0 2)
..), Mp .
0
Mp (n) 6 (2n + 1)1/p 1

n p 1, p0 . , Mp (n) = 1.
4.5. 74 ,
3.2. f (x) Lp , 1 < p < 2. a n (x), 3.2.
, ,
1
p0
X
p1
Z
Z X
n

n
p
p0
ix

|a |
|n (x)| dx =
a e dx 6 2
.

=n
=n
|a | 6
(+1)/
Z
|f (x)| dx
(+1)/
,
Z
p0
|n (x)| dx 6 2
p1
dx
=
Z
1
p1
(+1)/
|f (x)|p dx.
1
p1
|f (x)| dx
.
3.2, ,
1
Z a Z b
p1
Z
1
p0
p
|F (x, b) F (x, a)| dx 6
.
+
|f (x)| dx
1 0
(2) 2 p 1
b
a
F (x, a) a p0 F (x).
, p0 = 2k.
74
120
L-
[. iv
. ; . , 9.2.
4.6. .
75. f (x) G(x) Lp (, ),
1 < p < 2, F (x) g(x) ,
(2.1.1).
. , (x) Lp ,
(x, a) (x) p0 , 1
Z
lim [(x) (x, a)](x) dx = 0.
(4.6.1)
a
Z b
Z b
Z a
1
G(x) dx
eixt f (t) dt =
F (x, a)G(x) dx =
2 b
a
b
Z a
Z b
Z a
1
ixt
=
f (t) dt
e G(x) dx =
f (t)g(t, b) dt.
2 a
b
a
a
(4.6.1),
Z b
Z
F (x)G(x) dx =
f (t)g(t, b) dt.
b
b (4.6.1) ,
(2.1.1).
5862.
4.7.
.
76. f (x), F (x)
0
0
Lp , Lp , g(x), G(x) Lp , Lp , (2.1.9) , (2.1.8)
x.
64.
77. f (x), F (x) napa
0
p
L , Lp , g(x) L, (2.1.9)
0
Lp , Lp .
65.
1
, , 12.53. [,
,
Z
Z
p1
10 Z
0
p

|(x) (x, a)|p dx
|(x)|p dx ,
[(x) (x, a)](x) dx 6
(4.6.1). . .
4.7]
121
78. f (x), F (x)

0
0
L , Lp , g(x), G(x) Lq , Lq ,
p
1 1
+ > 1.
p q
F (x)G(x),
(4.7.1)
f (y)g(x y) dy
0
LP , LP ,
pq
P =
.
p + q pq
. , f g
LP , 4.2, 1 = 1 , 1 = 1 . ,
p
q
P0
F G L ,
,
Z
P0
|F G| dx 6
Z
P00
P00 Z
p
q
0
|F | dx
|G|q dx
.
p0
(4.7.1) , p < q 0 , q < p0 . , , p < q.

p < p0 , .. p < 2.
, 1 < P 0 6 2. F G
,
Z
1
eixu 1
F (u)G(u)
du.
iu
2
ixu
1 L Lq0 , , Lp , G(u) e
iu
74,
Z x+y
Z
eixu 1 iyu
1
g() d =
G(u)
e
du,
iu
2
y
.. , , ixu
1 . , 75,
G(u) e
iu
Z
Z
Z xy
eixu 1
F (u)G(u)
du =
f (y) dy
g() d =
iu
y
Z
Z x
Z x Z
=
f (y) dy
g(u y) du =
du
f (y)g(u y) dy,
x, .
122
L-
[. iv
, 1 < P < 2.
Z
1
f (y)g(x y) dy
2
,
Z ixu
Z
1
e 1
du
f (y)g(u y) dy.
2 iu
a 1
Z ixu
Z a
1
e 1
du
f (y)g(u y) dy =
2 iu
a
Z a
Z
eixu 1
1
f (y) dy
=
g(u y)
du,
2 a
iu
( q, q 0 )
Z x ivy
2
e G(v) dv.
0
,
Z a
Z x
1
f (y) dy
eivy G(v) dv =
2 a
Z x 0
Z a
Z x
1
ivy
=
G(v) dv
e f (y) dy
G(v)F (v) dv,
2 0
a
0
G(v) Lp (0, x).
.
p = 1 q = 1, P = 1; . 41.
4.8. . , 2 .
79. |f (x)|q |x|q2 q > 2
L(, ), F (x) f (x) Lq ,
Z
Z
q
|F (x)| dx 6 K(q)
|f (x)|q |x|q2 dx.
. (1) q = 4.
1
2
. . . dy = l.i.m.
(P )
Hardy and Littlewood (1).
. . . dy.
a
4.8]
123
, f (x) L2
. F (x)
L2 , 2[F (x)]2
Z
(x) =
f (y)f (x y) dy,
L2 .
Z
Z
4
2
|F (x)| dx =
|(x)|2 dx.
f (x) = p1 g(x), g(x) L4 . ,

|x|
Z
Z
g(y)g(x y)
g(y) g(x y)
dy
(x) =
1
1 dy =
1
1
3
3 ,
|x y| 8 |y| 8 |x y| 8
|y| 2 |x y| 2
|y| 8
Z
Z
|g(y)|2 |g(x y)|2
dy
2
|(x)| 6
dy
1
1
3
3 =
|x y| 4
|y| 4
|y| 4 |x y| 4
Z
A
|g(y)|2 |g(x y)|2
=
dy,
1
1
1
|x| 2 |y| 4
|x y| 4
Z
Z Z
|g(y)|2|g(x y)|2
2
|(x)| dx 6 A
1
1
1 dx dy =
|x| 2 |y| 4 |x y| 4
Z Z
1
1
|g(y)|2|y| 16 |g(x y)|2|x y| 16
=A
dx dy <
1
1
5
5
|x| 4 |y| 16
|x| 4 |x y| 16
Z Z
1
1
|g(y)|4|y| 8
|g(x y)|4|x y| 8
<A
dx dy =
1
5 +
1
5
|x| 2 |y| 8
|x| 2 |x y| 8
Z
Z
Z
1
|y| 8
4
=A
|g(y)| dy
|g(y)|4 dy.
1
5 dx = A
2
8
|x| |x y|
|F (x)| dx < A
x2 |f (x)|4 dx.
. f (x) , , x2 f 4 (x) L. f (x)

(a, b) , , 4.3,
Z a Z b
Z
4
|F (x, a) F (x, b)| dx < A
+
x2 |f (x)|4 dx.
124
L-
[. iv
, F (x, a) 4, .
(II). q. , ,
q .
, 1 .
, f (x)
cm ,
Z
X
|cm |q (|m| + 1)q2 .
|f (x)|q dx 6 K(q)
m=
, a n (x), ,
q
Z
Z X
n
X
n

ix
q

|a |q (|| + 1)q .
a e dx 6 K(q)
|n (x)| dx =

=n
=n
> 1
|a | 6
q1
(+1)/
1
|f (x)| dx 6 q2
(+1)/
xq2 |f (x)|q dx,
6 2; ,
Z 1/

1 q2 2q 1

x
dx 6
|a0 | =
f (x)x
0
Z
1/
q2
1qZ
|f (x)| dx
1/
2
q
q
q1
1 1q

1
dx
= o 1/q
a1 . , ,
Z a Z b
Z
q
|F (x, b) F (x, a)| dx < K(q)
+
|x|q2 |f (x)|q dx.
, .
4.9.
802 . f (x) Lp (1 0.

Lp . , 75,
Z
Z
F (x)g(x) dx =
f (x)G(x) dx.
, 79 q = p ,
Z
Z
p0
|G(x)| dx 6 K(p)
,
Z
Z

6
F
(x)g(x)
dx

6 K(p)
, ,
p1 Z
|f (x)| dx
p1 Z
p
|f (x)| dx
Z
Z b
p2
p
|x| |F (x)| dx 6 K(p)
a
|x|
10
p
6
|G(x)| dx
p0
|x|
p0 2
10
p
|g(x)| dx .
p0
(a 6 x 6 b).
p1 Z b
10
p
p2
p
|f (x)| dx
|x| |F (x)| dx .
p
b
p2
g(x) = |x|p2 |F (x)|p1 sgn F (x)
,
Z
|x|p 2 |g(x)|p dx.
Z
|F (x)| dx 6 K(p)
|f (x)|p dx.
a 0, b , (0, ).
(, 0).
4.10. .
0
0
81. f (x) |G(x)|p |x|p 2 Lp L
, 1 2. ,
p > 2, , , 80. , f (x) Lp ,
0
|F (x)|p , |F (x)|p |x|p2,
r
|F (x)|r |x| p0
(p 6 r 6 p0 ).
(4.11.1)
,
0
0
Lp1 Lp .
f (x) Lq (q > 2),
Lq1
0
Lq .
, f (x) Lq1 (q > 2), f (x)
0
Lq . -, , - , |f (x)|,
, f (x)
0
Lq .
a b , 0 < a < 1 a < b. 1
0
Lp1 ,
Z 1
q Z 1 cos 1b cos xt

1
1 dt +
2
t
dt
=
cos
xt
+
f (x) =
0
tb ta+1
ta+1
2 0
Z 1

dt
1
1
cos xt 1b a+1 = [(x) + (x)].
(4.11.2)
+
t t
2 0
2
(x)
Z
(x) =

c1 = b
x
1
b+1
c1
+
0
c2
c1
= 1 + 2 + 3 ,
c2
1
b+1

= o 1 x .
x

Z d sin xt + 1
tb ,
1 =
xta+1 btab
, c2 = b +
x
ab 1 a+1 , bt xt
,
ba
b b+1
ba
t
6 x

.
b
x
x
tb+1
x
1
Titchmarsh (2).
4.11]
75 79 p > 2
127
, ,

a2b1
1 = O 1 x b+1 .
3 a+1 1 ab ,
xt
bt
, 1 . ,
1
1

!
b + b+1 b b+1
1
b+1
a+b+1
x
x
x
x
b+1
|2 | 6
=O
=
O
x
.
a+1

a+1
x b+1
b b+1
x
3b+2
= x 2b+2 , , x
2ab
(x) = O x 2b+2 .
,

Z d sin xt 1
tb .
(x) =
a+1
ab
xt
+ bt
1
xta+1 + btab
ab
Kx b+1 , K a b,
.
ab
(x) = O x b+1 .

, x
2ab
f (x) = O x 2b+2
, , f (x) = O(1) x 0. , q, 2, f (x) Lq1

b.
f (x) F (x)
0
Lq ,
Z
q
d
sin xu
2
F (x) =
f (u) du.
dx 0
u
, (4.11.2) f (u),
,
(
1 cos 1 (0 < x < 1),
xb
F (x) = xa+1
0
(x > 1),
, , Lr r > 1. ,
.
128
L-
[. iv
,
Z
Z 1
1
1
sin xu
du
(1 cos ut) a+1 cos b dt,
u
t
t
0
0
, , ,
Z 1
Z
1
sin xu(1 cos ut)
1
lim
cos b dt
du = 0.
a+1
0 t
t
u
Z

sin
xu(1
cos
ut)

du =

u
Z (x+t)

Z x
1
sin v
sin v 1 x + t
,
=
dv
dv 6 ln
2 x
v
2
x t
|xt| v
, , .
4.12. . , f (x) Lp (1 0, f () = 0, xp2 f p (x) (1 0.
q Z 1/x
q Z
2
f (y) cos xy dy + 2
f (y) cos xy dy = F1 (x) + F2 (x).
F (x) =
0
1/x

q
q
Z
sin x sin 1
2
F2 (x) =
f 1
cos xy dy = 2 f 1
.
x 1/x
x
x

2 1f 1 ,
x
x
Z
Z
Z h
ip
p
1
1
dx = A
tp2 f p (t) dt,
|F2 (x)| dx < A
f
x
x
0
0
0
|F2 (x)| 6 2
. Hardy and Littlewood (3).
4.12]
129
, , . ,
q Z 1/x
|F1 (x)| 6 2
f (y) dy,
0
, , , ,
Z x
1
f (y) dy
x2/p 0
2
Lp . , f (x) = g(x)x p 1 , g(x) Lp .
Z x
Z x
Z
2
1
1
1 x
1
p
f (y) dy = 2/p
g(y)y
dy 6
g(y) dy,
x2/p 0
x
x 0
0
, 1 , Lp , .
, f (x) 0
Lp ,
Z x
p2
K>
f (x) < K
tp2 f p (t) dt > x f p (x) x
p1
2
2
x/2
x p
0
f p (x) < Kf p (x) xp2 .
83. f (x)
(x), Lp , ..
1

f (x) =
2 1
p
x
0
2p

p
(x t) p 2 (t) dt.
Fc (x) Lp .
.
q Z a

a (x) = 2
(t) sin xt + dt.
0
p
2
, 80, x1 p a (x) p
g(x). Gc (x) -
0
g(x). Gc (x) Lp . ,
Z y
q Z
q Z
2
sin xy
sin xy
2
Gc (x) dx =
g(x)
dx = lim 2
x1 p a (x)
dx =
a
x
x
0
0
0
Z a
Z

sin xy
2
dx
(t) sin xt +
= lim
dt =
p
a 0
x2/p
0
1
. , , . XII, . 14. [. . 106.

. .]
130
L-
a
[. iv

sin xy
dx,
sin
xt
+
p
x2/p
0
0
.
(y t) p 1 (t < y),
2 2
p
0
(t > y).
= lim 2
a
(t) dt
, ,
Z y
Z y
Z y
2
1
1
(y t) p (t) dt =
f (x) dx.
Gc (x) dx =
0
0
0
2
p
, Gc (x) = f (x) x, g(x) = F (x) Lp .

4.13. . , , L-.

1 .
84. f (x) Lp (1 < p 6 2), h 0
Z
|f (x + h) f (x h)|p dx = O(hp ) (1 < 6 1).
(4.13.1)
F (x) L ,
p
p
<6
.
p + p 1
p1
. h f (x + h) eixh F (x). f (x+h)f (xh),
x, 2i sin xh F (x). ,
1
Z
p1
Z
p0
p
|2 sin xh F (x)| dx < K(p)
|f (x + h) f (x h)| dx
<
p0
< K(p)h
| sin xh| > Axh x 6 1 , ,

h
Z 1/h
0
0
0
A
xp hp |F (x)|p dx.
0
. Titchmarsh (12).
4.13]
131
1/h
xp |F (x)|p dx = O(h(1)p ).
() =
< p0
() 6
Z
,
Z
Z
|F (x)| dx =
1
|xF (x)| dx
p0 Z 1 p0

|xF (x)|p dx
dx
= O 1+ p .
1
Z
0 (x)
()
(x)
dx = +
dx =
+1
x
1 x
1
Z

1+ p
+ p
=O
+O
x
dx = O 1+ p ,
, 1 + 6 0, ..
p
p
>
.
p + p 1
(, 1), .
, ,
, > 1 ,
p
F (x) L(0, ),
Z
eixt F (t) dt
x.
, , ,
f (x) =
xa
1
+x
(x > 0),
0 < a < 1 . x > 2h

p
|f (x + h) f (x h)| = 2h|f 0 (x + h)|
(1 < < 1),

6 2h|f 0 (x h)| 6 2hf 0 x ,
2
132
L-
[. iv
|f 0 (x)| .
Z
Z
0 x p
p
|f (x + h)f (x h)| dx = O hp
f 2 dx =
2h
2h
Z 1
Z
dx
dx
p
+
= O(h1ap ).
=O h
(a+1)p
2
x
1
2h x

Z
Z
p
|f (x + h) f (x h)| dx = O
2h
2h
0
dx
|x h|ap
= O(h1ap ).
, = 1 a. F (x)
p
1
1
a1
L >
. F (x) Kx
x ,
1a
1
F (x)
/ L 1a .
< 1, p = 2 ,
.
85. f (x) L2 ,
Z
|f (x + h) f (x h)|2 dx = O(|h|2 ) (0 < < 1),
(4.13.2)
Z X Z
+
|F (x)|2 dx = O(X 2 ) (X )
(4.13.3)
.
.
Z
Z
2
2
4 sin xh|F (x)| dx =
|f (x + h) f (x h)|2 dx.
(4.13.4)
, (4.13.2) . (4.13.4)
Z 1
Z
h
2
|F (x)| dx < A
sin2 xh|F (x)|2 dx = O(h2 ).
1
2h
Z
Z
2
|F (x)| dx =
X
2X
+
X
4X
2X

1
1
1
+ ... = O
+
+ ... = O
X 2 (2X)2
X 2
(, X).
, (4.13.3), ,
Z
(X) =
|F (x)|2 dx,
X
., , 126127.
Lp
4.14]
Z X
0
X
2
x |F (x)| dx =
x (x) dx = X (X) + 2
0
Z X
62
O(x12 ) dx = O(X 22 ).
133
x(x) dx 6
Z
sin xh |F (x)| dx = O h2
2
+O
Z
1
h
h1
h1

x |F (x)| dx +
2

|F (x)| dx = O(h2 ),
1
h
(4.13.2) (4.13.4).
< 2
Z 2X
/2 Z
Z 2X
2
|F (x)| dx 6
|F (x)| dx
X
= O(X
2X
)O(X
1/2
1/2
dx
=
) = O(X 1/2 ),
1 ( p = 2 + 12
84). , , .
, F (x) L , >
4.14. Lp. Lp
f (x) ,
Z
|f (x)|p
dx < .
x
0
.
86. F(k+it) Lp (1 < p < 2),
0
f (x) xk f (x) Lp .
xk f (x) Lp , F(s) f (x)
0
F(k + it) Lp .
87. F(k + it) Lp x1k g(x) Lp ,
Z k+i
Z
1
F(s)G(1 s) ds =
f (x)g(x) dx.
2i ki
0

74 75.
( 77
78).
134
L-
[. iv
88. F(k + iv), xk f (x)

0
0
Lp , Lp , xsk g(x), G(s k iv) Lp , Lp ,
(2.1.15).
89. F(k + iv), xk f (x)
0
0
Lp , Lp G(s k iv), xsk g(x) Lq , Lq ,
0
(2.1.16) LP , LP .
. 1 , f (x) Lp , 1 < p < 2, (3.11.2)
, . f (x) 79, f (x) ln x
L2 (1, ) ( (2n , 2n+1)). (3.11.2), 62,
x.
Zygmund (2).
5.1.
.

Z
f (x) =
[a(t) cos xt + b(t) sin xt] dt,
(5.1.1)
0
f (u) cos ut du,

a(t) =
b(t) =
f (u) sin ut du.

(5.1.2)
(5.1.1), , y 0
Z
eyt [a(t) cos xt + b(t) sin xt] dt = U(x, y),
(5.1.3)
0

Z
eizt [a(t) ib(t)] dt = (z),
(5.1.4)
z = x + iy.
(z)
Z
eyt [b(t) cos xt a(t) sin xt] dt = V (x, y).
(5.1.5)
V (x, 0) = g(x),
Z

g(x) =
b(t) cos xt a(t) sin xt dt,
0
Z Z
1
f (u) sin(u x)t du.
=
dt
0
(5.1.6)
(5.1.7)
(5.1.7)
. (5.1.1) a b b a.
136
[. v
, , . ,
f (x) g(x) -, .. ,
.
,

1
1
F (t) + F (t) ,
b(t) =
F (t) F (t) ,
a(t) =
2
i 2
Z

1
g(x) =
F (t) F (t) cos xt dt
i 2Z 0

1
F (t) + F (t) sin xt dt =

2 0
Z

Z
1
ixt
ixt
e F (t) dt =
=
e F (t) dt
i 2 0
0
Z
1
=
eixt F (t) sgn t dt.
i 2
,
G(t) = iF (t) sgn t.
(5.1.8)
f (x) , b(t) = 0, g(x) -

- f (x), . , f (x) , g(x) -
- f (x).
,
Z Z
1
g(x) = lim
dt
f (u) sin(u x)t du =
0
Z
1 cos (u x)
1
= lim
f (u)
du =
ux
Z
1 cos t
1
= lim
[f (x + t) f (x t)]
dt.
t
0
f (x) , , cos t, ,

Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
1
(5.1.9)
g(x) =
dt;
0
t

Z
g(x + t) g(x t)
1
f (x) =
(5.1.10)
dt.
0
t
5.2]
L2
137
, (5.1.9), (5.1.10), , , ,
.
(5.1.9), (5.1.10)
Z
Z
f (t)
g(t)
1
1
g(x) = P
dt, f (x) = P
dt,
(5.1.11)
t x
t x
P t = x.

f (x), g(x):

1 (0 < x < a),
1 ln a + x ;
a x
0 (x < 0, x > a),
1
,
1 + x2
cos x,
x
;
1 + x2
sin x.
(z),
. VII
:
J (|x|)
H (|x|)
,
sgn x
|x|
|x|
(7.1.11) (7.2.8);
sgn x |x| J (|x|),
|x| Y (|x|)
(7.11.2) (7.11.3);

p
p
sgn x 2 K0 (2 |x|) + Y0 (2 |x|)

(7.11.2), = 0 x = 1 u + a , (7.12.8).
2 a u
J0 (2
|x|),
5.2. L2 . .
.
901 . f (x) L2 (, ).
Z

x
d

1
f (t) ln 1 dt
(5.2.1)
g(x) =
dx
t
1
Titchmarsh (5).
138
[. v
g(x), L2 (, ). x
Z

x
d

1
f (x) =
g(t) ln 1 dt,
(5.2.2)
dx
t
Z
Z
2
f (x) dx =
g 2 (x) dx.
(5.2.3)
,
. , ;
, .
90. F (x) f (x), G(x) = iF (x) sgn x g(x)
G(x).
Z
Z
Z
Z
2
2
2
|g(x)| dx =
|G(x)| dx =
|F (x)| dx =
|f (x)|2 dx
1 d
g(x) =
2 dx
eixy 1
1 d
G(y)
dy =
iy
2 dx
F (y)
eixy 1
dy.
|y|
ixy
1
H(y) = e
|y|
Z
q Z
ixy
1
1
cos(x + u)y cos uy
iuy e
dy = 2
dy =
e
0
|y|
y
2
Z
q
cos(x + u)y cos uy
2
=
lim
dy =
0
y
Z
Z
q
cos v
cos v
dv
dv =
= 2 lim
0 |x+u| v
v
|u|

Z |u|
Z |u|
q
q
q
u
cos v
dv
2
2
2
.
=
lim
dv =
lim
=
ln
0 |x+u| v
0 |x+u| v
x + u

Z
Z
u
eixy 1
1

du,
f (u) ln
F (y)
dy =

|y|
x
(5.2.1). F G, ,
f g, -, (5.2.2).
5.3]
L2
5.3.
911 . f (x) L2 (, ).
Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
1
g(x) =
dt
0
t
139
(5.3.1)
g(x) L2 (, ).
Z
g(x + t) g(x t)
1
f (x) =
dt,
(5.3.2)
0
t
f (x) dx =
g 2 (x) dx.
(5.3.3)
g(x) 90 91 , ..
x.
. (5.1.2), a(t) b(t),
,
q
a(t) ib(t) = 2 F (t).
H(t) eizt t > 0 0 t < 0.

Z
1
1
eiztiut dt =
.
h(u) =
2 0
i 2(u z)
,
Z
Z
F (t)H(t) dt =
f (t)h(t) dt,
(5.1.4)
(z) = 1
i
f (t)
dt (Im z > 0).
tz
,
Z
y
1
U(x, y) =
f (t) dt,
(t x)2 + y 2
Z
tx
1
V (x, y) =
f (t) dt.
(t x)2 + y 2
1
(5.3.4)
(5.3.5)
(5.3.6)
(1). . Hardy (14).
140
[. v
g G, 5.2, .
q Z
q Z
izt
2
(z) =
e F (t) dt = i 2
eizt G(t) dt =
0
0
q Z
q Z
2
G(t)H(t) dt = i 2
g(t)h(t) dt =
= i

Z
g(t)
1
=
dt.
(5.3.7)
t z
Z
tx
1
g(t) dt,
(5.3.8)
U(x, y) =
(t x)2 + y 2
Z
y
1
V (x, y) =
g(t) dt.
(5.3.9)
(t x)2 + y 2
( 1.17), U(x, y) f (x)

y 0 x V (x, y) g(x) x.
91 .
f (x)
92. f (x) L(0, 1)
L(1, ). V (x, y)
x
(5.3.6). x

Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
1
lim V (x, y) +
dt = 0.
(5.3.10)
y
y0
t
. ,
Z y
(y) =
|f (x + t) f (x t)| dt = o(y)
0
x. x - ,
.
Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
1
V (x, y) +
dt =
y
t
Z y
Z
t[f (x + t) f (x t)]
y 2 1 f (x + t) f (x t)
1
=
dt +
dt +
0
t2 + y 2
y
t(t2 + y 2)
Z
y 2 f (x + t) f (x t)
+
dt = J1 + J2 + J3 .
1
t(t2 + y 2 )
y 0
1
|J1 | 6
2y
|f (x + t) f (x t)| dt = o(1),
5.4]
L2
y2
|J2 | 6
141
|f (x + t) f (x t)|
dt =
t(t2 + y 2 )
y
1
Z
(t) y 2 1 3t2 + y 2
y2
=
(t) dt 6
+
t(t2 + y 2) y y t2 (t2 + y 2)2

Z 1
y 2 (1)
3t2 + y 2
2
6
+o y
dt =
2
2 2
1 + y2
y t(t + y )

Z 1/y
3u2 + 1
2
du = o(1),
= O(y ) + o
u(u2 + 1)2
1
, , J3 = o(1). .
, , V (x, y) g(x), (5.3.1)
(5.3.10). , f g -,
(5.3.2). (5.3.3)
, . , 91
.
Z
5.4. , .
(z), .
93. (z) ,
y > 0,
Z
|(x + iy)|2 dx
y .
y 0 (x + iy)
(x), (x + iy) (x) x.
y>0
Z
1
(u)
(z) =
du.
2i u z
(z) = U(x, y) + iV (x, y), (x) = f (x) ig(x), U, V ,

f g , , , f
g .
.
. (z)
Z
|(x + iy)|p dx
(p > 1)
y1 6 y 6 y2 . (x + iy) 0
x y1 + 6 y 6 y2 .
142
[. v
. y1 + 6 y 6 y2 . 0 < 6
Z
Z 2
1
1
(w)
(z) =
dw =
(z + ei ) d.
2i |wz|= w z
2 0
Z
Z 2
1
2
(z) =
d
(z + ei ) d,
2
2 0
0
Z Z 2
p1 Z Z 2
1 p1
2
1
p
|(z)| 6
|| d d
6
d d
2
2 0 0
0 0
Z y2 Z x+
p1
6 K()
dv
|(u + iv)|p du .
y1
x+
|(u + iv)|p du
y1 6 v 6 y2 x v.
, ,
.
.
Z a
1
eitx (x) dx.
a (t, y) =
2 a
a y
(t, y). , ,
Z
eitz (z) dz,
a + iy1 , a + iy2 ,
0 < y1 < y2 .
Z y2
Z y2
it(a+iy)
ita
e
(a + iy)i dy = ie
ety (a + iy) dy,
y1
y1
, , y1 y2 , a . ,
. , a
Z a
Z a
it(x+iy1 )
e
(x + iy1 ) dx
eit(x+iy2 ) (x + iy2 ) dx 0,
..
ety1 a (t, y1 ) ety2 a (t, y2 ) 0.
L2
5.4]
143
t , ..
ety1 (t, y1 ) = ety2 (t, y2 )
t. (, , (t) = et (t, 1))
(t, y)
(t, y) = ety (t),
(t) y.
, ,
Z
Z
2ty
2
e
|(t)| dt =
|(x + iy)|2 dx.
y ,
(t) 0 t < 0; ,
Z
Z
2
2y
|(t)| dt 6 e
e2ty |(t)|2 dt < Ke2y 0,

|(t)|2 dt = 0.
y 0, (t)
L2 (0, ).
, (t)(ety1 ety2 ) (x + iy1 ) (x + iy2 ).
Z
Z
2
|(x + iy1 ) (x + iy2 )| dx =
|(t)|2 (ety1 ety2 )2 dt,
y1 0, y2 0. (x + iy) y 0
(x).
, y > 0
Z
1
(w)
(z) =
dw,
2i
wz

a + iv1 , a + iv2 , a > |x| v1 < y < v2 . ,
a
,
Z
Z
(u + iv1 )
1
(u + iv2 )
1
du
du.
(z) =
2i u + iv1 z
2i u + iv2 z
144
[. v
Ho
2
(u + iv2 )
du 6
u + iv2 z
Z
Z
2
6
|(u + iv2 )| du
(u
x)2
K
du
<
,
2
+ (v2 y)
v2 y
v2 .
Z
1
(u + iv1 )
(z) =
du,
2i u + iv1 z
, v1 0,
Z
1
(u)
du.
(z) =
2i u z
(5.4.1)
(5.4.2)
(z) = U(x, y) + iV (x, y), (u) = f (u) ig(u),

,
(5.3.5) (5.3.9) , (z) (x)
x.
94. (z) y > 0,
(z) y 0 x.
(z)
,

z+i
, , .
, (t)
(x). , (t) (x), y 0
Z
Z
ty
2
|(t) e (t)| dt =
|(x) (x + iy)|2 dx 0,
(t) (t).
|(t) (t)|2 dt = 0,
5.5. .
95. , (x)
2
L (, ) z x (z),
,
Z
|(x + iy)|2 dx < K,
:
(I) (x) = f (x) ig(x), f g
L2 ;
L2
5.5]
145
(II) (x) (x) x < 0.

. (I)
.
(II) 93. , (x) 0 x < 0 .
Z a
1
eixu (x) dx.
(u) = l.i.m.
a
2 0
Z
1
(u + iv) =
eix(u+iv) (x) dx (v > 0).
2 0
(u + iv) v > 0,
Z
Z
Z
2
2xv
2
|(u + iv)| du =
e
|(x)| dx 6
|(x)|2 dx.
, 93, (u+iv) ,
(u);
Z ixU
Z U
e 1
1
(u) du =
(x) dx =
ix
2 0
0
Z ix(U +iv)
Z U
Z U
1
e
1
= lim
(x) dx = lim
(u + iv) du =
(u) du.
v0
v0 0
ix
2 0
0
,
(u) (u).

. , ,
, f g , 5.1, , (5.1.8),
Z a
1
eixu [f (u) ig(u)] du =
(x) = l.i.m.
a
2 a
= F (x) iG(x) = 0
(x < 0).
, (x) 0 x < 0. (u) = f (u) ig(u), a(x) b(x) f , , (x) (x)

g.
..
a(x) + ib(x) i[(x) + i(x)] = 0

a(x) = (x),
b(x) = (x)
(x < 0),
(x < 0).
g f , (II) (I).
146
[. v
5.6.
96. , (x) y 0
(z), ,
Z
|(x + iy)|2 dx = O(e2ky ),
, (x) 0 x < k.
k , (x) 0 x < k,
Z
1
lim ln
|(x + iy)|2 dx = 2k.
y y
. (z) .
(z) = eikz (z).
2ky
|(x + iy)| dx = e
|(x + iy)|2 dx = O(1).
(z) (x) x, (x)

(x) x < 0.
Z a
1
eixu (u) du =
(x) = l.i.m.
a
2 a
Z a
1
= l.i.m.
ei(x+k)u (u) du = (x + k).
a
2 a
(x) 0 x < k. , .
.
, (x + iy) euy (u),
Z
Z
Z
2
2uy
2
|(x + iy)| dx =
e
|(u)| du =
e2uy |(u)|2 du.

Z
2ky
6e
(u) =
2uy
|(u)|2 du;
|(u)|2 du,
|(u)| du = 2y
e2uy (u) du >
5.8]
L2
> 2y(k + )
k+
147
e2uy du = ( k)e2(k)y .
.
5.7. , , :
97. (z) ,
y1 < y < y2 ,
Z
|(x + iy)|2 dx
y1 < y < y2 .
(x + iy1 ) (x + iy2 ) ,
(x + iy).
y1 < y < y2
Z
Z
1
(u + iy1 )
1
(u + iy2 )
(z) =
du
du.
2i u + iy1 z
2i u + iy2 z
(x+iy) ety (t), ety (t)
L2 y1 6 y 6 y2 .
, , , (x + iy) y y1
y y2 x. , ,
Z
(u + iy1 )
du
u + iy1 z
, y y1 ,
Z
(u + iy2 )
du
u + iy2 z
y < y2 , ,
y y1 . y y2 .
5.8.
98. f (x) L2 (, ).
f (x) = f+ (x) + f (x),
f+ (x) L2 (, ) f+ (z), Im z > 0, ,
, f (x) f (z),
Im z < 0.
148
[. v
. F (x) f (x),
Z
Z 0
1
1
izu
F (u) du, f (z) =
eizu F (u) du.
f+ (z) =
e
2 0
2
, f+ (z) f (z) y > 0 y < 0 .

, 5.4.
99. f (x) L2 (0, ).
f (x) = f(+) (x) + f() (x),
f(+) (x) L2 (0, )
arg z +0 f(+) (z),
arg z > 0, , , f() (x)
arg z 0 f() (z), arg z < 0.

z ( ) e .
. ,
Z 1/2
Z 1/2+i
1
1
s
f(+) (z) =
F(s) z ds, f() (z) =
F(s) z s ds,
2i 1/2i
2i 1/2
5.9.
1001 . f (x) L(, ),
Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
dt
t
0
x.
. , f (x) > 0. U(x, y) V (x, y) , (5.3.5) (5.3.6) ,
Z
1 f (t)
(z) = U(x, y) + iV (x, y) =
dt
(y > 0).
i t z
U(x, y) , .
(z) = e(z) = eU (x,y)iV (x,y) .
U(x, y) > 0, |(z)| 6 1. (z) y 0 x ( 94);

, U(x, y)
x f (x). ,
1
Plessner (1). , , .
Lp
5.10]
149
(z) , .
(z) , , V (x, y) .
92.
5.10. Lp.
101. f (x) Lp (, ), p > 1.
Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
1
g(x) =
dt
(5.10.1)
0
t
g(x) Lp (, ).
Z
g(x + t) g(x t)
1
dt
(5.10.2)
f (x) =
0
t
,
Z
Z
p
p
|g(x)| dx 6 Mp
|f (x)|p dx,
(5.10.3)
Mp p.
91, . 1 .
. .
(I) p .
Z
1 a f (t)
a (z) =
dt = Ua (x, y) + iVa (x, y) (y > 0)
i a t z

Z
[a (z)]p dz,
, R
+
iy
1
R + iy, . a (z) = O
|z|
a |z| . , R ,
Z
Z
p
[a (x + iy)] dx = 0, ..
(Ua + iVa )p dx = 0.

,

Z
p
p
p
p2 2
p4 4
p
Va
V
Ua +
V
Ua . . . Ua dx = 0.
2 a
4 a
M. Riesz (1), (2). . Titchmarsh (7).
150
[. v
Vap
Z
Z
p
p2 2
dx 6
V
Ua dx + . . . +
Uap dx.
2 a
Vap2k Ua2k
dx 6
Z
Z
p2k
p
p
Va dx
X p = Z
Uap
2kp
dx .
Vap dx
,
Uap dx
, ,

p
p
p
p2
X 6
X
+
X p4 + . . . + 1.
2
4
X

p
p
X
X p2 . . . 1 = 0
2
, ,
X 6 Mp ,
Mp p, ..
Z
Z
p
p
Va dx 6 Mp
Uap dx.
Z

Z
y a
y a
f (t)
|f (t)|
6
dt
dt,
|Ua (x, y)| =

a (t x)2 + y 2
a (t x)2 + y 2
Z
p1
Z
yp
|f (t)|p
dt
p
|Ua (x, y)| 6 p
dt
=
2
2
(t x)2 + y 2
(t x) + y
Z
y
|f (t)|p
dt,
=
(t x)2 + y 2
Z
Z
Z
Z
y
dx
p
p
|Ua | dx 6
|f (t)| dt
=
|f (t)|p dt.
2 + y2
(t
x)
(5.10.4)
Z
Z
|Va (x, y)|p dx 6 Mpp
|f (t)|p dt.
5.10]
Lp
a ,
Va (x, y) V (x, y) = 1
151
tx
f (t) dt,
(t x)2 + y 2
(5.10.5)
y 0, 92 100, ,
V (x, y) g(x) x. (5.10.5) 1
(5.10.3).
(II) p .
, f (t) > 0. U(x, y) > 0, Ua (x, y) > 0 y > 0,
a > a0 .
p- .

V
p
2
2
p
ln(U + V ) + ip arctg
(U + iV ) = exp
,
2
U
< arctg V 0. U 0,

2
U
2
1
|V |p e 2 ip ,
(V > 0),
(iV )p =
1
ip
|V |p e 2 , (V < 0).

Z U +iV

p
p
p1
|(U + iV ) (iV ) | = p
z
dz 6
iV
p1
2
6 pU(U 2 + V 2 )
Ua , Va ,
Z

Z

p
p

[(Ua + iVa ) (iVa ) ] dx 6 Kp

, ,
62
Uap
p1
2
p(U p + U|V |p1).
dx +
Ua |Va |
p1

dx .
(Ua + iVa )p dx = 0,
. , , 10.8.1. [. . . ,
, . 125. : E fnR(x) > 0
x R E n; fn (x) f (x) x E, E f (x) dx 6
6 lim En fn (x) dx. n
, E ;
, , , , .
, , , E . . .]
152
Z

(iVa ) dx > Re
p
[. v

Z

p

(iVa ) dx = cos
|Va |p dx.
2

Z
Z
Z

p
p
p
cos
|Va | dx 6 Kp
Ua dx + Kp
Ua |Va |p1 dx,

2
(5.10.1) (5.10.3) , .
, p
. , , (5.10.2) .
Z
p
y p f (t + x) f (x)
p
dt <
|U(x, y) f (x)| 6 p

t2 + y 2
Z
y |f (t + x) f (x)|p
dt,
<

t2 + y 2
y
|U(x, y) f (x)| dx <
dt
2
t + y2
|f (t + x) f (x)|p dx.
t t 0.1
,
Kp y
dt
+ ()y
t2 + y 2
dt
<
2
2
0 t +y
Z
Z
dt
dt
y
< Kp y
+ ()y
< Kp + ().
2
2
2
t
0 t +y
Z
, y, , . ,
p
Z
lim
y0
|U(x, y) f (x)|p dx = 0.
. , , . XII, . 1719. [
f (x), , ; Lp ,
, ,
Lp . . .]
Lp
5.10]
, (5.10.4),
Z
Z
p
|U(x, y) Ua (x, y)| dx 6
153
|f (t)|p dt 0,
a , y.
Z
|Ua (x, y) f (x)|p dx 0
(5.10.6)
a , y 0.
,
Z
1
a (z)
P
dz = a ( + i)
i
y= z i
( > 0)
, ,
Z
Ua (x, )
1P
dx = Va (, ).
x
, Va (x, y) Ua (x, y) (5.10.3) , p
Z
Z
p
|Va (x, y) + g(x)| dx < Kp
|Ua (x, y) f (x)|p dx.
(5.10.7)
(5.10.6) (5.10.7), ,
Z
|a (z) [f (x) ig(x)]|p dx 0
y 0, a .
, ,
Z
1
a (z)
dz = a ( + i)
2i z i
(y < ).
a , y 0, ,
Z
f (x) ig(x)
1
dx = ( + i),
2i x i
1
2i
ig(x)
( + i)
dx =
.
x i
2
154
[. v
,
Z
x
1
g(x) dx = U(, ).
(x )2 + 2
0 , 92,
g(x),
( ) f (x).
(5.10.2) .
(III) p
, - p,
2p. , ,
p ,
p.
, , [a (z)]2 ,
Z
1 [a (x + iy)]2
dx = [a ( + iy)]2
(y > 0),
i
x
..
1
i
Ua2 Va2 + 2iUa Va

dx = Ua2 (, y) Va2 (, y) + 2iUa (, y)Va(, y).
x
, Ua2 Va2 2Ua Va . (x) Ua2 (x) Va2 .

(x) (x) = 2Ua Va ,
|(x)|p 6 2p |(x)|p + 22p |Ua Va |p ,

Z
Z
p
p
p
2p
|(x)| dx 6 2
|(x)| dx + 2
|Ua Va |p dx.
|Ua Va | dx 6
sZ
|Ua
|2p
dx
|Va |2p dx
(5.10.3) ( p),
Z
Z
p
|(x)| dx < Kp
|Ua |2p dx,
Z
Z
|Va |2p dx < Kp

|(x)|p dx.
Lp
5.11]
,
sZ
Z
Z
|Va |2p dx < Kp
|Ua |2p dx + Kp
|Ua
|2p
dx
155
|Va |2p dx .
2p ,
. .
5.11.
1021 . f (x), g(x) Lp h(x), k(x) napa
0
p
Lp , p0 =
.
p1
Z
Z
f (x)h(x) dx =
g(x)k(x) dx.
(5.11.1)
. p = 2 p0 = 2, (5.3.3)
Z
Z
2
[f (x) + h(x)] dx =
[g(x) + k(x)]2 dx,
(5.11.2)
.
Ua (x, y), Va (x, y), ,
Pb (x, y), Qb (x, y) h k. , Ua Va ; , Pb Qb .
L2 ,
Z
Z
0
Ua (x, y)Pb (x, y ) dx =
Va (x, y)Qb (x, y 0) dx.
(5.11.3)
a , y 0, b , y 0 0, Ua Va
p f g, Pb Qb
p0 h k.
.
. h(x) = 1 |x a| > = 0 |x a| 6 .
xa
Z
h(u)
1
k(x) = P
du =
u x
Z a

Z
du
du
1
= P
+
=
(u a)(u x)
a+ (u a)(u x)

a + x
1
.
=
ln
(a x) a x
1
. Riesz (1), (2).
156
[. v

Z
a + x dx
f (a + x) f (a x)
1

dx =
g(x) ln
=

x
a x a x

Z
+ t dt
1

=
g(t + a) ln
.
(5.11.4)

t t
(5.11.1)
101 p.
0
h(x), k(x) Lp .
p0 , , (5.11.3)
b , y 0 0,
Z
Z
Va (x, y)k(x) dx.
Ua (x, y)h(x) dx =
Z
Z

6
V
(x,
y)k(x)
dx
a

6 Mp0
1p Z
|Ua | dx
p
Z
10
p
6
|h(x)| dx
p0
p1 Z
p
|f (t)| dt
10
p
|k(x)| dx
p0
(5.10.4) (5.10.3), p0 . k(x)

0
Lp .
k(x) = |Va (x, y)|p1 sgn Va (x, y).
|Va | dx 6 Mp0
Z
Z
|Va | dx 6
p1 Z
|f (t)| dt
p
Mpp0
10
p
|Va | dx ,
p
|f (t)|p dt.
p .
, , Mp ,
(5.10.3), Mp 6 Mp0 .
p p0 , Mp = Mp0 .
5.12.
103. (z) , y > 0,
Z
|(x + iy)|p dx < K
(p > 1)
(5.12.1)
5.12]
Lp
157
y. (x + iy) y 0 ,
p, f (x) ig(x), f (x), g(x) napa
Lp .
.
. n (x) , (a, b) ,
Z b
|n (x)|p dx < K.
a
(x) Lp
Z b
n (x)(x) dx 0.
a
. , (a, b)
. 1 n (x) 0 E b a ,
Z
n (x)(x) dx 0.
E
,
Z
Z
p1 Z
10
p

0
p
p

6
(x)(x)
dx
|
(x)|
dx
|(x)|
dx
<
n
n

CE
CE
CE
Z
10
p
0
<K
|(x)|p dx ,
CE
n.
.
b = , a 6= , X ,
Z

10
Z
p

0
p

6K
|(x)|
dx
(x)(x)
dx
< ,
n

X
(a, X). a = , b < a = , b = .

.
(z) f (x)ig(x), , f g
Lp . (5.4.1) , , (5.4.2) (5.4.1)

1
, , 10.5.2. [. . .
. H. , ,
3- ., . 182, . . .
, . 89. . .]
158
n (u) = [(u + iv) f (u) + ig(u)]
(x) =
u x + iy
u x + i(v y)
[. v
(n = v)
1
.
u x + iy
(z) = 12 (U + iV ) 21 i(P + iQ),
U V (5.3.5), (5.3.6), P , Q
g f . y 0. f
, f , g , g,

f ig = 21 (f if ) 21 i(g ig ).
, f = g , g = f x.
(z) p f (x) ig(x) , 5.10.
(z) x 1 2 . . (z) ,
93 [(z)]p/2 .
, z (z) y > 0,

n
Y
z z z + i z + i
Bn (z) =
z z z + i z + i
=1
( , z i). n, |Bn | > 1 y 6 x. (z) = Gn (z)Bn (z).

y 6
Z
K
|Gn (x + iy)|p dx <
.
(1 )p
Gn (x + iy 0 ), Gn (x + iy) (y < y 0) , (z),

f (x) ig(x), , 5.10 (, ,
(5.10.4)), ,
Z
|Gn (x + iy)|p dx < K 0
0
y, K K p.
(z) , 3
,
1
2
3
Hille and Tamarkin (5).

, , 7.53.
, , 3.7.
Lp
5.13]
159
X Im z
1 + |z |2
, B(z) = lim Bn (z) G(z) = lim Gn (z)
. , (z) = G(z)B(z), G(z) (5.12.1) K , a |B(z)| 6 1.
G(z), , ,
, 94, B(z).
5.13.
104. f (x) Lp (p > 1), g(x)
. , , (x) Lq , q > 1, pq 6 p + q,
Z
Z
h(x) =
(t)f (x t) dt, k(x) =
(t)g(x t) dt.
pq 0).
(5.13.1)
5.4 , (z) 0 < y1 6

6 y 6 y2 .
Z T 0
Z T0

p
1 p
6

(t)(z
t)
dt
|(t)| |(z t)| q0 |(z t)| q0 dt 6

T
6 K(y1 , y2)
Z
T0
q1 Z
|(t)| dt
q
T0
10
q
|(z t)| dt .
p
, (5.13.1) y1 6
6 y 6 y2 , , (z) y > 0. , 4.2,
Pp
Z
Pq Z
Z
p
P
q
|(z t)| dt ,
|(z)| dx 6
|(t)| dt
160
[. v
;
Z
|(z) h(x) + ik(x)|P dx 6
Z
Pq Z
|(t)| dt
q
Pp
|(z t) f (x t) + ig(x t)| dt ,
p
y 0. , 103, h(x) k(x) .

(II) pq = p + q, h(x) k(x)
x 1 . , h(x),
.
Z
h(x + u) h(x u)
1
du =

u
Z
Z
du
1
(t)[f (x + u t) f (x u t)] dt =
=
u
Z
Z
f (x + u t) f (x u t)
1
=
(t) dt
du =

u
Z
=
(t)[g (x t) g (x t)] dt,
g (x) = 1
0,
f (x + t) f (x t)
dt.
t
g (x t) g(x t),
g (x t) 0
. , , . XII, . 20, 21. [,

1 + 1 = 1. ,
p q
Z
p1 Z
1q
p
q
|h(x + ) h(x)| 6
|f (x + t) f (x t)| dt
|(t)| dt
0 (. . 152). ,
Z x/2
Z

f (x t)(t) dt +
f (x t)(t) dt,
|h(x)| 6
x/2
, ,
q1 Z x/2
p1 Z
Z
p1 Z x/2
q
p
p
|(t)| dt +
|f (t)| dt
|h(x)| 6
|f (t)| dt
x/2
, , x . . .]
x/2
|(t)| dt
q1
5.14]
p = 1
161
t. , 5.12, ,
Z
|g (x)|p dx < K
. (5.11.4)
1
g (x) = 2
1
|g (x)| 6 2p
+ t dt

g(t + x) ln
.
t t

Z

+ t dt
+ t dt p1
ln

|g(x + t)| ln
,

t |t|
t |t|
t = u,

Z

p
p + t dt
.
|g (x)| < K
|g(x + t)| ln

t |t|
x ,
.
5.14. p = 1. , f (x) Lp ,
p > 1. 101 p = 1, f (x) L.
( 100), g(x) . , g(x) L. ,
,
1
(t > 0),
f (t) = t ln2 t
0
(t 6 0).
x > 0
g(x) = 1 P
f (t)
dt > 1 P
t+x
dt
1
,
2 =
2x ln x
2tx ln t
, g(x) L. , g(x) L ,
, .
, 1 .
105. f (x) L(, ).
Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
1
(5.14.1)
g(x) =
dt
0
t
1
; . Littlewood (1),
Titchmarsh (13), , , 7.24.
162
g(x) x,
Z
|g(x)|p
dx
2
1 + x
[. v
(5.14.2)
0 0 f (t) . , ,
Z
1 a f (t)
a (z) =
dt = Ua + iVa
(y > 0).
i a t z
y
Ua (x, y) =
f (t)
dt > 0
(t x)2 + y 2
a. 0 0, |V | > 1,
a
a

Z
f (t) 1
dt 6
|f (t)| dt.
t i

(Ua + iVa )p
dz < Kp .
z2 + 1
Z

|(U + iV ) (iV ) | = p
p
U +iV
iV
U > 0, |V | < 1,
p1
(5.14.3)

dz 6 pU|V |p1 6 U,
|(U + iV )p (iV )p | 6 (U + 1)p + 1 6 U + 2.
Z
Z
p
p

(U
+
iV
)
(iV
)
a
a
a
6

dz

z2 + 1
Ua + 2
dx 6
x2 + 1
Ua dx + 2 =
5.15]
y
=
dx
f (t) dt
+ 2 =
(t x)2 + y 2
f (t) dt + 2 6
163
f (t) dt + 2.
(5.14.4)
(5.14.3) (5.14.4) ,
Z

(iVa )p

dz < Kp .

z2 + 1
Ho
p
p
p
(x2 y 2 + 1) cos
2xy sin
(iVa )p
p
2
2 > K |Va |
= |Va |
Re 2
p 2
z +1
(x2 y 2 + 1)2 + 4x2 y 2
x +1
y x.
Z
|Va |p
dx < Kp ,
2
x + 1
, 101.
5.15. .
1061 . f (x) Lp (p > 1)
|f (x + h) f (x)| < K|h|
(0 < < 1)
(5.15.1)
h 0 x (, x 0 < h 6 1).
(5.1.9), (5.1.10)
x. g(x) Lp , f (x).
. (5.1.9),
, x.
, f (x) ,
,
x . , f (x) , ,
|f (x)| > > 0, .
(x1 , x2 ) x1 ,
Z x2
p
(x2 x1 ) 6
|f (x)|p dx 0.
x1
|f (x1 )| = ,
|f (x)| 6 |f (x1 )| + |f (x) f (x1 )| 6 + K|x x1 | 6 + K|x2 x1 | ,
x1 . , f (x) 0.
1
Titchmarsh (5). . . , , 7.4.
164
[. v
, (5.15.1)
h, h K.
y 0

Z
1
t
1
[f (x + t) f (x t)] dt =
V (x, y) + g(x) =
0
t t2 + y 2
Z 1

Z
y 2 f (x + t) f (x t)
t
2
dt = O y
dt = O(y ).
=
0
t(t2 + y 2)
t2 + y 2
0
Z 2
(t x)2 y 2
t y2
1
f
(t)
dt
f (t + x) dt =
=
2
2 2
(t2 + y 2 )2
[(t x) + y ]
Z 2
t y2
1
=
[f (t + x) f (x)] dt =
(t2 + y 2)2

Z 2
|t y 2 |
|t| dt = O(y 1).
=O
2 + y 2 )2
(t
V
= 1
h > 0
|g(x + h) g(x)| 6
6 |g(x + h) V (x + h, h)| + |V (x + h, h) V (x, h)| + |g(x) + V (x, h)| =

Z x+h

V
(,
h)
6 O(h ) + O
d + O(h ) = O(h ),
g(x) .
(5.1.10), , ,
x,
x, .
= 1,
Z 1 2

Z
V
|t y 2|
dt
=O
|t| dt + O
=
2
2
2
x
t2
1 (t + y )
1

Z 1/y 2

|u 1|
1
1
1
=O
|u| du + O(1) = O
ln ,
y 1/y u2 + 1
y
y
,

1
g(x + h) g(x) = O |h| ln
.
|h|
5.16]
165
5.16.
. (5.1.7), g(x). .
107. f (x) L(, ). (C, ) g(x) x,
Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
1
g(x) =
dt
(5.16.1)
0
t
,
Z h
|f (x + t) f (x t)| dt = o(h),
(5.16.2)
0
, x.
. , ,
0 < < 1.
Z
Z
u
f (x + t) sin ut dt =
lim
1
du
0

Z
Z
u
= lim
[f (x + t) f (x t)] dt
1
sin ut du.
0
Ho

Z 1
u
1
(1 v) sin tv dv =
sin ut du =
0
Z

1
1
1

(1 v)1 cos tv dv =
= (1 v) cos tv +
t
t 0
0
Z t
1
cos(t w)
= + +1
dw.
t t
w 1
0
Z
0
Z

u
1
K()

1
sin ut du < +1 .

t
t
0
, > 0

Z
Z
u
lim
[f (x + t) f (x t)] dt
1
sin ut du =

0
Z
f (x + t) f (x t)
=
dt.
t

Z
u
[f (x + t) f (x t)] dt
1
sin ut du =
1/
0
166
1/
f (x + t) f (x t)
dt + O
t
Z
1/
[. v

|f (x + t) f (x t)|
dt ,
t+1
, (5.16.2),

t=
Z t

1
|f (x + u) f (x u)| du
+
+1
t
0
t=1/
Z
Z t
+ 1 dt
+
|f (x + u) f (x u)| du =
1/ t+2 0
Z

1
dt
= o(1),
= o(1) + o
1/ t+1
, , . ,

Z

u
< K

sin
ut
du
1
Z 1/

Z

u

<
[f
(x
+
t)
f
(x
t)]
dt
1
sin
ut
du

0
0
Z 1/
< K
|f (x + t) f (x t)| dt = o(1).
0
5.17. .
.
. , f (x) Lp (1 < p < 2),
0
f (x) F (x), Lp ,
F (x) = l.i.m. F (x, a). ,
f (x) = l.i.m. f (x, a),
Z a
1
eixt F (t) dt.

f (x, a) =
2 a
1 .
108. f (x) Lp (1 < p < 2), f (x) = l.i.m. f (x, a).
. ( 58),
Z
sin(x u)a
1
f (u)
f (x, a) =
du =

xu
1
Hille and Tamarkin (3).
5.17]
167
Z
Z
sin xa
f (u) cos ua
cos xa
f (u) sin ua
=
P
du
P
du =
xu
xu
= a (x) sin xa a (x) cos xa,

u = x.
101,
Z
Z
Z
p
p
|a (x)| dx < Kp
|f (u) cos ua| du < Kp
|f (u)|p du,
a (x).
Z
Z
Z
p
p
p
p
p
|f (x, a)| dx 6
[2 |a (x)| + 2 |a (x)| ] dx < Kp
|f (u)|p du.
|f (x) f (x, a)|p dx
a . ,
.
f (x) , |x| > X
,
Z
Z
Z
|f (x) f (x)|p dx < .
p1 Z
|f (x) f (x, a)| dx 6
p
p1 Z
p
|f (x) f (x, a)| dx +
1
p
1
p
p1
|f (x) f (x)| dx +
p1
|f (x, a) f (x, a)| dx =
= J1 + J2 + J3p .
, |J1 | < , ,
|J3 | < Kp |J1 | < Kp .
, f (x, a) f (x) (, ). > 2X,

p
Z
Z q Z X
2
sin(x t)a

|f (x) f (x, a)| dx =
f (t)
dt dx <

xt
X
p
p
Z X
Z Z X
Z

|f
(t)|
dx
p

< Kp
dt dx < Kp
|f (t)| dt .

(x X)p X
X x X
168
[. v
,
( a) ; , ,
,
Z
|f (x) f (x, a)|p dx 0.
,
5.18. . ,
(2.1.1) , f G Lp
(1 )
g(x, ), , (3.1.2),
L2 , Lp .
0
Lp , Lp , 75
Z
Z
F (x)G(x) dx =
, ,
f (x)g(x, ) dx.
l.i.m.(p0 )g(x, ) = g(x),
.
0
110. f Lp (1 )

Z
sin (u x) sin (u x)
1
g(u)
du.

ux
, , ,
,
Z
Z
sin (u x)
lim
f (x) dx
g(u)
du = 0.
0
ux

sin (u x)
g(u)
du 6
ux
Z
Z x+1/
6
|g(u)| du +
x1/
x1/
x+1/
|g(u)|
du 0
|u x|
0 x. , ,
p0 - .
5.12.
VI

6.1. . , ,
a0 X
+
(an cos nx + bn sin nx) = 0
2
n=1
x (0, 2), , an = 0, bn = 0 n.
, ,
Z

a(y) cos xy + b(y) sin xy dy = 0
(6.1.1)
0
x, , a(y) = 0, b(y) = 0. , ,
f (x) , ,
Z

a(y) cos xy + b(y) sin xy dy = f (x),
(6.1.2)
0
, .., ,
Z
Z
1
1
a(y) =
f (x) cos xy dx,
b(y) =
f (x) sin xy dx.

, , , . , a(x) b(x) ;
.
, , a(x) b(x) L(0, )
Z

a(y) cos xy + b(y) sin xy dy = 0
0
6.2]
171
x.
, x x, ,
Z
Z
a(y) cos xy dy = 0,
b(y) sin xy dy = 0
0
x. 14 ( )
Z
Z
u
2
lim
1
cos xu du
a(y) cos uy dy = a(x)
0
x.
x, a(x) = 0 x. ,
b(x) = 0 x.
22.
, a(y) L2 (0, )
Z
a(y) cos xy dy = 0
0
x. ,
, , a(x), 48,
, a(x), , , .

, x,
(3.1.1), , a(x) b(x)
L-.
P , ,
,
an cos nx
, an 0,
Z
a(y) cos xy dy
0
, a(x) 0 x ; , ,
a(x) = ex cos e2x .
6.2.
(x + h) + (x h) 2(x)
(6.2.1)
h0
h2
(x). 1 :
(x)
lim
. , , 13.8.4. [. - ,
, . II, . IV, 7.]
172
[. vi
, (x) .
, f (x), .
1111 . (x) (a, b)

f (x), L(a, b).
Z x Z u
(x) =
du
f (v) dv + a0 + a1 x
(a 6 x 6 b),
(6.2.2)
a
a0 a1 .
.
1. (x) (a, b),
(x + h) + (x h) 2(x)
h0
h2
lim
(6.2.3)
x (a, b).
y = (x)
.
. ,
(x1 , x2 ) P Q.
(x) = (x) + 21 (x x1 )(x x2 )
( > 0).

y = (x) . M ,
P Q , , x
M. , ,
P Q x,
(x + h) (x)
6 ,
h
(x) (x h)
> .
h
. .
(x + h) + (x h) 2 (x) 6 0,
(x + h) + (x h) 2(x) 6 ,
h. ,
.
2. (x) (a, b),
(6.2.3) x (a, b),
. y = (x)
.
1
- , . . I, . VII, 4.
6.2]
173
. (6.2.3) , . , E 0, (6.2.3) .
(x) , ,
0 (x) = + E (b) (a) < 1 .
Z x
1 (x) =
(u) du.
a
x E, M > 0,
(x + u) (x u)
>M
(|u| 6 ).
2u
h 6
Z h
1
1 (x + h) + 1 (x h) 21 (x)
= 2
[(x + u) (x u)] du >
h2
h 0
Z
1 h
2uM du = M,
> 2
h 0
, , h 0.
(x) = (x) + 1 (x).
(x + h) + (x h) 2(x)
>0
h2
x (a, b),
y = (x) .
,
y = (x).
111.
lim
h0
p(x) = min[f (x), n],
q(x) = max[f (x), n].
p(x) 6 f (x) 6 q(x), f ,

p q.
1
., , , , 11.8.2. [ E O1 , O2 , . . . , On , . . . , O1 O2 . . .,
m(On ) < n , m(A) A. fn (x) 2
n
P
On , n (x) =
fk (x) (x) = lim n (x).
n
k=1
Rx
a n (x) dx < , (x) . ,
Rx
Rx
(x) = a (t) dt = lim a n (t) dt .
n
. .]
174
p1 (x) =
p(u) du,
p2 (x) =
[. vi
p1 (u) du
q. q2 (x) (x)
q(x) f (x) > 0,
Z h Z x+u
q2 (x + h) + q2 (x h) 2q2 (x)
1
= 2
du
q(v) dv >
h2
h 0
xu
Z
Z x+u
1 h
> 2
du
(n) dv = n.
h 0
xu
q2 (x) (x)
. , y = q2 (x) (x)
.
, a b,

xa
y=
[q2 (b) (b) + (a)] (a),
ba

xa
q2 (x) (x) 6
[q2 (b) (b) + (a)] (a)
(a 6 x 6 b).
ba
y = p2(x)(x)
, ,
xa
p2 (x) (x) >
[p2 (b) (b) + (a)] (a)
(a 6 x 6 b).
ba
n p2 (x) q2 (x)
Z x Z u
f2 (x) =
du
f (v) dv.
a
xa
[f2 (b) (b) + (a)] (a)
ba
.
f2 (x) (x) =
(a 6 x 6 b),
6.3.
112. a(y) b(y) ,
y = 0.
Z
[a(y) cos xy + b(y) sin xy] dy = f (x)
0
x - .
6.4]
175
dy
y2
0
x , f (x).
. , (x), , .
(x) =
[a(y) cos xy + b(y) sin xy]
hy cos
cos
cos
cos
(x + h)y +
(x h)y
xy = 4 sin2
xy,
sin
sin
sin
2 sin
hy
Z
4 sin2
(x + h) + (x h) 2(x)
2 dy,
=
2y2
h2
h
0
(6.3.1)
, h h > 0.
Z
[a(y) cos xy + b(y) sin xy] dy = r(Y ),
Y
|r(Y )| 6 Y > Y0 ().

Z

Y0
hy
2 dy =

h2 y 2
4 sin2

hy Z

hy

4 sin2
4 sin2
4 sin2 hY0

d

2
2
2 +

+
r(y)
= r(y)
dy 6
2y2
2Y 2

h2 y 2 Y0
dy
h
h
Y0
0
+

hy
Z
4 sin2
2 dy < +
d
dy

h2 y 2
Y0

4 sin2 u
2 du = A
d
du

u2
h > 0, .
6.4. ,
a(y)
b(y)
L(0, ). ,
1 + y2 1 + y2
.
a(y)
b(y)
1131 .
L(0, ),
2
1+y
1 + y2

Z
[a(y) cos xy + b(y) sin xy] dy = f (x)
(6.4.1)
0
Pollard (3), Jacob (2).

Offord (7).
.
176
[. vi
x, f (x) . y

Z
|x|
1
f (x) cos xy dx,
a(y) = lim
1
(6.4.2)

Z
|x|
1
b(y) = lim
1
f (x) sin xy dx.
(6.4.3)

, f (x) = 0, a(y) = 0, b(y) = 0.

(6.4.1) x,
a(y) 0, b(y) 0 y .
. (6.4.1) x x
, ,
. , , .
, b(y) = 0. , a(y) =
= 0 0 < y < ,
Z
a(y)
cos xy dy.
(6.4.4)
(x) =
y2
0
112, (x) f (x), f (x) . , 111,

Z x Z u
(x) =
du
f (v) dv + p + qx,
0
p q ; q = 0,
f .
Z u
f1 (u) =
f (v) dv,
0
(x) =
f1 (u) du + p,

Z
Z
x
cos xy
x
1
f (x) cos xy dx =
f1 (x)
+ 1
y sin xy dx =
0
0

cos xy
x
= (x)
+ 1
y sin xy +
0

Z
2y sin xy
x
2
+
(x)
y 1
cos xy dx =
0

6.4]
() cos y p 2y
=
+
177

Z
x
(x) cos xy dx.
(x) sin xy dx y
1
0
(6.4.5)
2
a(y)
L, (6.4.4) 14 ,
y2

Z
x
a(y)
(x) cos xy dx =
lim
1
0
2 y2
(6.4.6)
y. , 1, (x) 0 x ,
(6.4.5) .

Z
x
(6.4.7)
lim
1
f (x) cos xy dx = a(y),
0
2
, , .
, a(y) = 0 (0, ),

a(x), x > ,
a (x) =
0,
x < ,

Z
a(y) cos xy dy = (x).
,

Z
x
[f (x) (x)] cos xy dx = a (y)
lim
1
0
2
y. , 14,

Z
x
lim
1
(x) cos xy dx = 0
0
y (, ).

Z
x
lim
1
f (x) cos xy dx = a(y)
0
y (, ) , , , y (0, ). ,
.
a(y) = 0, , b(y) = 0 (0, ).
Z
b(y)
(x) =
sin xy dy.
(6.4.8)
y2
0
, , ,
Z x Z u
(x) =
du
f (v) dv + qx,
0
178
[. vi

Z
Z
x
sin xy
x
f (x) sin xy dx =
y cos xy dx =
1
[f1 (x) + q]
1
0
0

Z
Z
x
() sin y 2y
2
(x) sin xy dx.
=
(x) cos xy dx y
1
0
(6.4.9)
, .
, (6.4.1) , ,
Z x Z u
y = (x)
du
f (v) dv
(6.4.10)
0
. ,
|a(y)| 6 ,
|b(y)| 6 ,
y > ,
hy
2 dy 6

h2 y 2
4 sin2
[|a(y)| + |b(y)|] dy + 2
hy
2 dy < K() + A .
2
2
hy
h
4 sin2
(6.3.1) h , h, ,

(x + h) (x) (x) (x h)
lim
= 0.
h0
h
h
, x , ,
(6.4.10),
x, . , (6.4.10)
,
, .
6.5. , a(y) b(y), .
114.
Z
f (t) cos yt dt
0

, ,
q

F (y),
2 c
6.5]
179

q Z
y
2
1
Fc (y) cos xy dy = f (x)
lim
0
x.
20;

Z
f (t) dt,
0
, , .
,
, , .
1151. xn , ,
xn > k n1 xn1
(n = 2, 3, . . .),
k > 1. (, )
(, ) y1 , y2 , . . . , ,
xn (2yn + 1) 0.
(6.5.1)
. , 0 < < ,
(, ) : (, ), (, ), (, ). x
xn ,

3
6
x > max
,
.
(k 1)( )
2y + 1
y ,
(, ). ,
x
x > 6 . y+1 , y+2 , . . . ,

xn+1
(n = , + 1, . . .).
(2yn+1 + 1) (2yn + 1) x 6 1
n
- yn+1 ,
; y+1 , y+2, . . . .
y1 , . . . , y1 .
2y +1
xn yn n
,
xn
; ,
,

2yn+m + 1 2yn + 1
1
1

xn+m xn 6 xn+1 + . . . + xn+m 0.
1
Cantor (1).
180
[. vi
,

1
2y
+
1
n

6 1 + 1 + ... 6 1 1 + 1 + ... =
,

n
2n
n
xn
xn+1 xn+2
xn k
k
xn (k 1)
(6.5.1) . , (, ),

1
2y
+
1
1

6
6
<
.

x x (k 1)
x (k 1)
3
116.
Z
(u) sin xu du
0
x, n
Z n+
rn = max
(u) du 0.
0661
. , n , |rn | > ,
n ,
n > 21 n1 . ,

x 0, y1 , y2 ,. . . ,
8
2xn
(2y + 1) 0.
, ,

xn y + 1 6 .

2 8
, n 6 u 6 n +, 6 1, xuy
3 , , sin xu 4
4
| sin xu| > 1 . , , sin xu ,
2
, ,
Z n +
Z n +
Z n +0
(u) sin xu
1
(u) du =
du =
(u) sin xu du,
sin xu
sin xn n
n
n
. .
117.
Z
f (t) sin yt dt
(6.5.2)
0
6.6]
181
q Fs (y),
2

q Z
y
2
1
Fs (y) sin xy dy = f (x)
lim
(6.5.3)
0
x.
. ,
(6.5.2) (6.5.3), .

Z
1 cos (x t) 1 cos (x + t)
1
f (t)
dt.
(6.5.4)
0
(x t)2
(x + t)2
Z N X
Z
Z (n+1)
2
2
f (t) cos t
f (t) cos t
dt
dt,
I=
=
+
2
n
(x t)
(x t)2
T
T
n=N 2
T > x N , 2T .
,

Z (n+1)
Z
2
1
f (t) cos t
dt = O
f (t) dt ,
2
n 2
n
(x
t)
(n + 1)
. 116
n 6 < 6
2
2
n > 2 .

1
I =o
+
=o
=o
2
2
N
n
N
T
n=N
.
(6.5.4), t > T .
, , t < T ,
T f (x). .
6.6.
118. 113 , a(y)
b(y) ,
(6.4.1).
. (x) (6.4.4),
(x) x . ,
182
a1 (y) =
[. vi
a(u) du
y ( (6.4.1) x = 0!),

Z Y
Z Y
a(y)
a1 (Y ) cos xY
x sin xy 2 cos xy
dy,
cos xy dy =
+
a1 (y)
+
y2
Y2
y2
y3
0
0
(6.4.4) . (6.4.6) 114. , 1,

Z
x sin xy 2 cos xy
(x) =
a1 (y)
+
dy = o(x)
y2
y3
0
x , , y,

Z
Z
Z
x sin xu
du sin xy dx =
(x) sin xy dx =
o(1)
a1 (u)
u2
0
0
y+1

Z
1 a1 (u) sin (u y) 1 cos (u y)
= o()
2 y+1 u2
uy
uy

sin (u + y) 1 cos (u + y)
+
du = o()
u+y
u+y
. (6.4.7) (6.4.5).
, , (6.4.8) , x = 0 (6.4.1) ;
115117.
Z m X
Z y2
Z y2
n Z (+1)
2x
2x
b(y)
b(y)
sin xy dy =
sin xy dy.
+
+
2
(n+1)
y
y2
y1
y1
=m 2x
2x

Z
(+1)
2x
2x
2Z

b(y)
x
sin xy dy = O 2
b(y) dy ,
y2

( + 1)
6 < 6
, o(1) ,
2x
2x

x o 1 , x 0 (
x

1
O
rn 116). x 0
x

Z y2
b(y)
1 1
x+1
2
=o
.
sin xy dy = o x 1 +
y2
x m
y1
y1
6.7]
183
, (6.4.8) ,
(x) = o(x)
x . , ,
(x), ,
Z
(x) cos xy dx =
0

Z
1 b(u) 1 cos (u + y) 1 cos (u y)
= o()
+
du = o()
2 y+1 u2
u+y
uy
. ,
.
, ,
.
119. f (x)
,
Z
Z
lim
f (t) cos xt dt,
lim
f (t) sin xt dt,
x,
x .

Z
Z
|u|
1
lim
f (t) cos u(x t) dt du.
f (x) = lim
1

6.7. .
.
120. F (y)
,
Z
1
lim
eixy F (y) dy = f (x)
(6.7.1)
x, f (x)
. y

Z
1
|x| ixy
F (y) = lim
(6.7.2)
1
e f (x) dx.
, f (x) = 0, F (y) = 0 y.
,
Z
Z

ixy
e
F (y) dy = 2
[F (y)+F (y)] cos xy i[F (y)F (y)] sin xy dy,
184
[. vi
118.
f (x) = 0
1 .
Z x
F1 (x) =
F (u) du.
0
ixy
ix
F (y) dy = e
ix
F1 () e
F1 () + ix
x x ,
Z
Z
F (y) cos xy dy = [F1 () F1 ()] cos x + x
eixy F1 (y) dy.
F1 (y) sin xy dy.
, ,
Z
F1 () F1 () =
F (y) dy 0
.
lim x
, ,
lim
F1 (y) sin xy dy = 0
[F1 (y) F1 (y)] sin xy dy = 0
x 6= 0 , x = 0
, .
118 ,
F1 (y) F1 (y) 0.
b(y) ,
(x) . , ,
F (y) + F (y) 0.
,
F (y) eiy F (y) ,
eiy F (y) + eiy F (y) 0
y . , F (y) 0.
1
Offord (6).
6.9]
185
1 : F (y)
, (6.7.1) (C, 1) x, ..

Z
|y| ixy
lim
1
e
F (y) dy = 0
0
x, F (y) = 0 y.
, , , , (C, 1)
(C, 1 + ) . ,
Z
eixu du = 0 (C, 1) (x 6= 0)
x.
ueixu du = 0 (C, 1 + )
6.8. .
, .
, f g , f
L(, ), G , ,
g L(, ). 35, , g G. , .
121. f (x) L(, ), g(x)
,
Z
1
G(x) =
lim
eixt g(t) dt
(6.8.1)
x, G(x) L(, ).
(2.1.1).
g(x) 0 x , (6.8.1) x.
, 120, g(x)
G(x), 35.
6.9. .
, (6.4.1)
, .
1
Offord (7).
186
[. vi
1221 . eyt a(t), eyt b(t) L(0, )

y,
Z
U(x, y) =
eyt [a(t) cos xt + b(t) sin xt] dt
0
y > 0 x.
lim U(x, y) = f (x)
y0
x,

Z
|x|
1
a(t) = lim
1
f (x) cos xt dx,

Z
|x|
1
b(t) = lim
1
f (x) sin xt dx

t.
.
Z
(z) =
eizt [a(t) ib(t)] dt
0
, U(x, y), (z) = e(z) . |(z)| .

, 94, (z) y 0
, , x. (z),
, U(x, y) x.
f (x) U(x, y). y > 0, > 0
Z
1
U(x, y) dx =
( x)2 + 2
Z
Z
cos xt
yt
1
=
e a(t) dt
dx +
2
2
0
( x) +
Z
Z
sin xt
yt
1
e b(t) dt
dx =
+
2
2
0
( x) +
Z
=
eyt [a(t)et cos t + b(t)et sin t] dt = U(, y + ),
0
. y 0,
Z
1
f (x) dx.
U(, ) =
( x)2 + 2
1
Verblunsky (2).
6.9]
14, y

Z
|x|
yt
1
e a(t) = lim
1
U(x, y) cos xt dx =

Z
Z
1
1
= lim
d
U(x, y) cos xt dx
0
187
(6.9.1)
t.
Z
Z
Z
y
1
U(x, y) cos xt dx =
cos xt dx
f (u) du =
2
2

(x u) + y
Z
Z
y cos xt
1
=
f (u) du
dx =
2
2

(x u) + y

Z
Z
y cos xt
y cos xt
1
+
dx =
=
[f (u) + f (u)] du
0
(x u)2 + y 2 (x + u)2 + y 2
0
Z Z Z Z Z Z
1
=
+
= 1 (J1 + J2 + J3 ).
0 0
,
Z
0
y cos xt
y cos xt
+
2
2
(x u) + y
(x + u)2 + y 2
y cos xt
dx =
2
2
(x u) + y
= eyt cos ut.
dx =
,
yt
J1 = e
[f (u) + f (u)] cos ut du.
(6.9.2)
, ,
Z

2
y
cos
xt
y

6
dx
,

2
2
(x + u) + y
t (u + )2 + y 2
Z

2
y cos xt
y

6
dx
,

2
2
(x u) + y
t (u )2 + y 2

Z
y
dx = .
6
2
2
(x u) + y
, |f (u) + f (u)| 6 M,
Z
Z
Z
2M
y dx
2M y
y dx
|J2 | 6
+
+ M
dx =
t 0 (x + )2 + y 2
t 0
( x)2 + y 2
y

2M
2
2M
=
arctg
arctg
+
arctg arctg
+ M y.
t
y
y
t
y
y
188
, u > ,
Z

y cos xt

dx 6

2
2
(x + u) + y
Z0

xt
y
cos

6
dx

2
2
0 (x u) + y
, ,
6 .
[. vi
y
2
,
2
t u + y2
2
y
t (u )2 + y 2
Z
Z +y
2M
y du
y du
+
+ M
du =
u2 + y 2
t +y (u )2 + y 2

2M
2M
1
=
arctg
+
arctg
+ M y.
t
2
y
t
2
y
2M
|J3 | 6
t
y1 , y2 , . . . y,
, E t,
(6.9.1) y. E
0. t , E.
y = yn , J2 J3 (6.9.1)
> 1. y
(6.9.2),

Z Z
yt

1
yt
e a(t) e
< 2
d
[f
(u)
+
f
(u)]
cos
ut
du

0
0
. ,
Z Z
1
d
[f (u) + f (u)] cos ut du.
a(t) = lim
0
0
b(t).
6.10. . - - .
123. f (x) (0, ), (0, 1) x . Fs (x) > 0.
.
Z (n+1)
q X
q Z
x
2
2
f (y) sin xy dy =
Fs (x) =
f (y) sin xy dy.
0
n
n=0
. , .
6.11]
189
124. f (x) ,
x . Fc (x) L(0, ).
. , f (x)
f 0 (x), , x ; f (x) , . -
.
Z
q
2
1
Fc (x) =
f 0 (y) sin xy dy,
x 0
, , . ,
x = 0 , 6,
q Z
f (+0)
2
.
Fc (u) du =
0
2
, Fc (x) L(0, ).
- - . ,

1 (0 6 x 6 1),
f (x) =
0
(x > 1),
q
Fc (x) = 2 sin x , .. . f (x) =
xq
x
= e , Fs (x) = 2 x 2 , .. ,
1+x
L(0, ). , Fs (x) L(0, ), f (x) 0
x 0, x , .
6.11. f (x), Fc (x) (0, ), 1 . ,
,
(x) =
bn sin n x
n=1
bn > 0,
bn
n=1
,
1
|(x)|
dx.
x
. Szidon (1).
190
1/n
Ho
[. vi

Z 1 X
n1
dx
dx

bn | sin n x|
b sin x

x
x
1/n
1/n =1

Z 1 X

dx

b
sin

x = J1 J2 J3 .
1/n =n+1
|(x)|
dx >
x

sin
u

J1 = bn
u du > Abn ln n ,
1
Z 1X
n1
n1
X
J2 <
b dx =
b ,
Z
=1
=1
X
dx
b
J3 <
b .
= ln n
x
1/n =n+1
=n+1
J3 < 21 J1 , b = k k; J1 ,
1 +...+n1
bn
J2 = o(J1 ), , , 1 = 1 n = 2

Z 1
|(x)|
dx ,
x
1/n
. ,
.
125. f (x), x , , Fc (x)
/ L(0, ).
.
. f (x) = cn (an1 + , an ),
cn 0, an 0 < < 1;
f (x) . , a0 + = 0,
Z an
q
X
F (x) =
cn
cos xt dt +
c
2
a
+
n1
n=1

Z an +
X
cn + cn+1 (cn cn+1 )(an t)
+
+
cos xt dt =
2
2
n=1 an

X
sin(an )x sin(an1 + )x X
sin(an + )x
=
cn
+
cn+1
x
x
n=1
n=1

sin(an )x cn cn+1
[cos(an )x cos(an + )x] =
cn
+
x
2x2
sin x X
=
(cn cn+1 ) sin an x.
x2 n=1
6.12]
191
cn an ,

Z 1 X

(cn cn+1 ) sin an x dx

x
0
n=1
,
|Fc (x)| dx,
0
sin x 1 x 0.
x
, ,
g(x),
, f (x) g(x) L(0, ). - f (x) g(x) , g(x) L(0, ).
6.12. Fc (x) Fs (x)

x 0 x x.
1 .
(x)
126. f (x) = , 0 < < 1 (x)
x
(0, ).
q
Fc (x) (+0) 2 (1 ) sin x1
(x ),
2
q
(x 0).
Fc (x) () 2 (1 ) sin x1
2
Fs (x) sin cos .
2
2
. , (x) (0, ). x .
Z
Z

q
F (x) =
1 (t) cos xt dt = x1
1 u cos u du =
c
x
2
t
u
0
0
Z Z
= x1
+
= x1 (I1 + I2 ).
0
,
Z 0

cos u du = O 1
I2 =
x
u
x. , ,
Z h
i
(+0) u cosu du =
x
u
0
1
Titchmarsh (9).
192
[. vi
h
i Z
n
o
cos
u
= (+0)
du = O (+0) = o(1),
x
u
x
(+0)
cos u du (+0)
u
cos u du = (+0)(1 ) sin .

u
2
.
x 0 .
127. f (x) f 0 (x) , x = 0. ,
, x+1 f 0 (x) x f (x) 1 x (x 0).
x
x 0 (x )
q
Fc (x) 2 (1 ) sin x1 .
2
Fs (x) sin cos .
2
2
. x .
Z
Z /x Z
q
F (x) =
f (t) cos xt dt =
+
= I1 + I2 .
c
2
0
0
/x
,
Z

sin
1
I2 = f
f 0 (t) sin xt dt =
x
x
x /x
Z

1
1
1
1
x
+
O +1 dt = O x .
=O
x /x
t

m() = max |x f (x) 1|, m() 0 0.

x6
Z /x
cos
xt
I1 =
dt +
[t f (t) 1] cosxt dt =
t
t
0
0
Z
n o
cos u du + O m 1 =
= x1
u
x x
Z0
1
n 1 o
1
x
cos
u
=x
du + O
+O m
,
u
x x
0
Z
/x
, x ,
.
x 0 .
6.13. .
, . , (1 + |x|n )f (x) L(, ),
6.13]
193
Z
1
F (x) =
eixt f (t) dt
2
n . ,
F (x), F 0(x), . . . , F (n) (x) x .
f (x), f 0 (x), . . . , f (n1) (x)
x , f (n) (x) L,
n 1 Z
F (x) = i
eixt f (n) (t) dt.
x
2
, xn F (x) 0 x .
, (1+|x|n )f (x) L2 (, ), F (x), F 0 (x),
. . . , F (n1) (x) x , F (n) (x)
L2 (, ), .
26.
, ,
,
1 . :
128. f (x) Fc (x) -
2
O(ex /2 ) x .
f (x) = Fc (x) = Cex
2 /2
.
. (z) , , (z) = O(ea|z| )
z (x) = O(eax ) x ,
a . (z) = Ceaz .
. , C ,
|(x)| 6 Ceax ,
|(rei )| 6 Cear ,
0 < < . , 2 ,
|(rei )| 6 CerH() ,
(0 6 6 ),

sin
a sin( ) + a sin
2
H() =
=a
.
sin
sin
2
.
1
Hardy (19), Ingham (1), Morgan (1); , ,
19.
2
. , , 5.7.1; = 0.
194
H() a cos , ,
|(z)| 6 Cear cos
[. vi
(0 6 < ).
< 6 0;
= . ,
eaz (z) , , .
.
q Z
f (t) cos zt dt.
Fc (z) = 2
0
, f (t), z,
|z| = r
Z
2
2
|Fc (z)| 6 K
et /2 ch rt dt = Ker /2 .
0
Fc ( z) , a = 21 , ,
Fc ( z) = Cez/2 ,
Fc (z) = Cez
2 /2
, ,
f (z).
. , ,
f (x) = O(x2k ex
2 /2
),
Fc (x) = O(x2k ex
2 /2
),
k . Fc (z) ,
Z
Z
d2k t2 /2
t2 /2 2k
e
ch rt dt =
|Fc (z)| < K
e
t ch rt dt = K 2k
dr 0
0
d2k 2
2
= K 2k er /2 = O(r 2k er /2 ).
dr
(z) = Fc ( z). (z) , a0 , . . . , ak1 ,

h
i
(z) = z 2k (z) (a0 + a1 z + . . . + ak1 z k1 )ez/2 .
(z) , , Cez/2 .
,
Fc (z) = (a0 + a1 z 2 + . . . + ak z 2k )ez
f (z) .
2 /2
VII

7.1. - . - :

q
1 (0 < x < a),
2 sin ax ,
(7.1.1)
x
0,
(x > a),

1
sin a(1 x) sin a(1 + x)
cos x (0 < x < a),
+
,
(7.1.2)
0,
(x > a),
1x
1+x
2

1
1 cos a(1 x) 1 cos a(1 + x)
sin x, (0 < x < a),
+
,
0,
(x > a),
1x
1+x
2
(7.1.3)
q
1
x
2
e ,
.
(7.1.4)
1 + x2
, -

, O 12 x ,
x
; -

q
x2
1
x
,
e
sin +
.
(7.1.5)
2
1 + x4
2 4

1
,
ch x
1
.
(7.1.6)
2 ch x
2
, ,
Z
q Z
1
2
x2/2
2
eixux /2 dx =
e
cos xu dx =
0
2
Z
Z
2
2
eu /2
eu /2 2/2
2
(xiu)2/2
=
e
dx =
e
d = Ceu /2 .
2
2
1
C a m p b e l l and
F o s t e r, Fourier Integrals for Practical Applications.
196
[. vii
- C 2 = 1, C = 1, C > 0.
,
2
ex /2 ,
ex /2 .
(7.1.7)
L-.
2
, - cos x
2
Z
q Z

1
y2
y2
2
cos
cos
cos xy dy =
xy dy =
0
2
2
2

Z

x2 u2 du = a cos x2 + b cos x2 ,
= 1
cos
=
2
2
2
y =x+u
2
a b , . 2
2
2
, - sin x a cos x b sin x .
2
2
2
, , a = b = 1 .
2a
Z
Z
2
sin v
u
1
dv > 0,
sin du =
2
v
2 0
0
sin v, a = b = 1 .
2
,

2
2
2
x
1
x
x
cos ,
+ sin
,
(7.1.8)
cos
2
2
2
2

2
2
2
1 cos x sin x .
sin x ,
(7.1.9)
2
2
2
2
11, (I).
-ro
+2n
n x
(1)
X
2
J (x) =
( > 1).
(7.1.10)
n! ( + n + 1)
n=0
1
Z 1
0
1
2 2
(1 y )
cos xy dy =
n=0
=
1
X
(1)n x2n
1
2
X
n=0
(2n)!
(1 y 2 )
21 2n
dy =

1
1
(1) +
n+
2
2
x2n =
(2n)! ( + n + 1)
n
, , . 1, 3.3 (2). .
7.2]
197
X

(1)n x2n
1
=
+
.
2
2
22n n! ( + n + 1)
n=0
, -
(

1
21
(1 x2 ) 2 (0 < x < 1),
1
2
+
x J (x).
(7.1.11)
2
0
(x > 1),
0
L2 , > 0, Lp , Lp ,
1 > 1 , > 1 .
p
2
2
,
,
- f (x)
1 F x , -.
c
7.2. - .
q
x
2 x .
e ,
(7.2.1)
1 + x2
, -

, O 1 x ,
x
.

1
1
1
1
,
,
(7.2.2)
ex 2 1 x 2
ex 2 1 x 2
q
1
1
q q ,
th x 1.
(7.2.3)
2
x
sh x
2
2
2
2
xex /2 ,
xex /2
(7.2.4)
(7.1.7). 1 ,

Z
Z
sin y
1 cos(1 x)y cos(1 + x)y
1 1 + x
sin xy dy =
dy = ln
.
y
2 0
y
2
1 x
0

sin x
,
x

1 + x
1
.
ln
2 1 x
(7.2.5)
> 21 , (7.1.11)
1
, 5.2.
198
x(1 x2 )
0
23
(0 < x < 1),

(x > 1),
32

1 x1 J (x).
2
[. vii
(7.2.6)
1
+2n+1
(1)n x
X

2

(7.2.7)
H (x) =
( > 23 ).
3
3
n
+
+
n
+
n=0
2
2
Z
Z 1
X
1
(1)n x2n+1 1
1
2 2
(1 y 2) 2 y 2n+1 dy =
(1 y )
sin xy dy =
(2n + 1)! 0
0
n=0

1 n!
n
(1)
+
X
1
2
x2n+1 =
=
2 n=0 (2n + 1)! + n + 3
2

X
(1)n x2n+1

.
=
+1
2
3 +n+ 3
2
2n
n=0 2 n +
2
2
, -
(

1
12
(1 x2 ) 2 (0 < x < 1),
1
2
+
x H (x).
(7.2.8)
2
0
(x > 1),
7.3. . (2.1.4) (2.1.6), fq g .
, , f (x) = 2 1 2 , Fc (x) = eax , g(x) =
2
x +a
q
1
bx
e .
= 2
, Gc (x) =
2
x + b2
Z
Z
dx
ax bx
=
e e dx =
.
(7.3.1)
2
2
2
2
2 0
2(a + b)
0 (x + a )(x + b )

1 (0 < x < a),
f (x) =
0
(x > a),
Fc (x) = sin ax , g, Gc ,
x
a b.
Z
Z
min(a,b)
sin ax sin bx
dx = min(a, b).
(7.3.2)
dx =
2
x
2 0
2
0
1
, 10.4.
7.3]
199
(2.1.6) (7.2.5), (7.3.2),

Z
Z
a + x b + x
sin ax sin bx
ln
dx = 2
ln
dx = 2 min(a, b);

2
ax
bx
x
0
0
(7.3.3)
91.
52.
- 1 . (a)
Z
(a) =
ex xa1 dx
(a > 0),
(7.3.4)
0
c(a) =
s(a) =
xa1 cos x dx
(0 < a < 1),
(7.3.5)
xa1 sin x dx
(1 < a < 1).
(7.3.6)
- xa1
q Z
q Z
q
a1
a
a1
a
2
2
2 c(a).
y
cos xy dy = x
u cos u du = x
0
0
q
2 s(a).
a1
a
, - x
x
,
Z a
x
dx =
(1 < a < 1).
(7.3.7)
2
1+x
2 cos a
0
2
(2.1.4) f (x) = ex , g(x) = xa1 . , , , 35 37:
Z a
x
c(a)
2
(a) =
c(a) dx =
(0 < a < 1).
(7.3.8)
2
0 1+x
cos a
2
(2.1.6)
Z 1a
x
s(a)
2
(a) =
s(a) dx =
(0 < a < 1).
(7.3.9)
0 1 + x2
sin a
2
,
, - q
2
a
x
c(a)
. Hardy (3).
200
[. vii
xa1 2 c(a)c(1 a);
, 6, xa1 , , ,
c(a)c(1 a) =
(0 < a < 1).
(7.3.10)
2
s(a)s(1 a) =
(0 < a < 1).
(7.3.11)
2
(7.3.8) (7.3.10),
(a)(1 a) =
c(a)c(1 a)
=
.
1
sin a
sin a
2
(7.3.12)
,
q
q

(7.3.13)
c 1 = , s 1 = , 1 = .
2
2
2
2
2
-
q
a1
2 (a) cos a xa (0 < a < 1)
x ,
(7.3.14)
-
q
2 (a) sin a xa
xa1 ,
(0 < a < 1).
(7.3.15)
7.4. , .
(2.1.4), (7.1.11) (7.3.14) 1
Z
q
1
(a) cos a Z 1
2 2 a
a1
2
2

(1
x
)
J (x)x
dx =
x dx =
21
0
0
2 +1
2

1
1a
a1
a
+
2
a
(a) cos
2
2
2
=
2

.
(7.4.1)
=
21 + 1
2 a + 1
a +1
2
2
2
> 21 , 0 < a < 1 37,
(
1
2 2
(1
x
)
(0 < x < 1),
f (x) =
0
(x > 1)
g(x) = xa . 0 < a < + 23 ,

.
(2.1.6), (7.2.8) (7.3.15) 2
1
2
, 13.24 (1).
, 13.24 (2).
7.4]
a1
H (x)x
201
1
(a) sin a Z 1
2 2 a
2

dx =
x dx =
x
)
(1
1
0
2 2 + 1
2

2a1 a tg a
2

2
=
(1 < a < + 32 ). (7.4.2)
a
+1
2
(2.1.8) 21 < < 0,

q
F (x) = |x|2 sgn x
f (x) = 2 (2 + 1) cos |x|21 sgn x,
(7.3.15),
1
2 2
(1
x
)

(|x| < 1),
g(x) = 2 12 + 1
G(x) = |x| J (|x|).
0
(|x| > 1),
(7.1.11). x 6= 1
Z
q
(2 + 1) cos

2
t J (t) sin xt dt = 2
1
12
0
2 +
2
Z 1
1
(1 u2 ) 2 |x u|21 sgn(x u) du.
(7.4.3)
37, f g g(u) g(u + x).

x > 1, 1

1
2
Z 1
+
22
1
2
(1 u2 ) 2 (x u)21 du =
.
(2 + 1) (x2 1)+ 12
1
0 < x < 1, . ,
Z
1
(1 w 2 ) 2 (x w)21 dw.
,
R, R . , (1, 1) , ,
1, x 1, ,
.
1
. , , . I, . 19. [ u =
(2t 1)x + 1
=
. . .]
2t 1 + x
202
, - 1
1
2+ 2

(x > 1),
1 (x2 1)+ 21
x J (x),
2
0
(0 < x < 1).
[. vii
(7.4.4)
(7.4.3) < 21 ,
.
0
(7.4.4) Lp , Lp ,
p>
1
2
( > 0),
1
2
1
1
<p<
2
( 12 < < 0).
(7.4.5)
(2.1.6), , (2.1.20) (7.2.6), (7.4.4),

0 < a < b:
Z
(ax) J (ax)(bx)1 J (bx) dx =
0
1
=
ab
1
3
21 2 23

2 2
2+ 2 x2
2 1
x 1 x2

dx,
b
b
1 a
1
2
2
0 b).
(7.4.6)
1
4 < < 0 > 1
L2 . ,
.

(q
(|x| < 1),
sin x
2
f (x) =
,
F (x) =
x
0 (|x| > 1),
J0 (x) (x > 0),

0
(x < 0),
p
(|x| < 1),
Z
2)
2(1
x
1
G(x) =
eixy J0 (x) dy =
i sgn x
2 0
p
(|x| > 1),
2(x2 1)
g(x) =
, 6.13 (3).
7.5]
203
(7.1.11) (7.4.4). (2.1.8) 1

Z
Z 1
Z
1 1 eixt
sin(x t)
cos xt
J0 (t)
dt =
dt =
dt = J0 (x).
xt
2 1 1 t2
2
1 t2
0
0
(7.4.7)
f (x) G(x) Lp , 1 12 .
7.5. .3
Z iu2 ixu
e
(x) =
du.
ch u
(7.5.1)
(x + i) + (x i) = 2
iu2 ixu
du =
ix2
i
2e 4 4 .
(7.5.2)
, (7.1.8) (7.1.9), eix

ix2
i
1 e 4 4 , 1 1 x .
ch x
2
2 ch
2
, (2.1.8),
1
(x) =
2
i(xu)2
i
4
e 4
du =
ix2
i
e 4 4
eiv ixv
dv.
ch v
ch u
2
, , , (7.5.2).
2
Z
2
i(xi)2
i(x+i)
i
ix
iv2 ixv
4
4
4
4
e
(x+i)+e
(xi) = 2e
e
dv = 2e
,
1
2
3
, 13.55 (4).
, 13.2 (5).
Ramanujan (2), (5), Watson (5).
204
..
[. vii
x
x
i
e 2 (x + i) + e 2 (x i) = 2e 4 .
(7.5.3)
(x i)
x
e2
ix
i
x
x
e 2 (x + i) = 2e 4 1 e 4 2 ,
, x x i,
i
e4
ix2
ie 4
.
ch x
2
,
(x) =
(7.5.4)
(7.5.5)
2
sin x + 1
cos u cos xu
4
2
du =
,
(7.5.6)
x
ch
u
2
ch
0
2
2
Z
cos x 1
sin u2 cos xu
4
2
du =
.
(7.5.7)
x
ch u
2 ch
0
2
sh u , .
Z
Z
u
2
iu2 ixu e
(x + i) =
e
du =
eiu ixu (1 + th u) du =
ch u
Z
2
i
ix
2
= e 4 4 2i
eiu sin xu th u du.
(7.5.8)
, (7.5.4),
(x + i)
ix2
i
4
4
e
i
e 4
ix2
x
1e 4 2
sh x
2
ix2
e 4
i

ix2
e 4
x
4
=
1e ch
.
2
sh x
2
sin uv
dv.
sh v
0
2
(7.5.8)
Z
Z
sin uv
2i iu2
sin xu du
e
dv =
0
sh v
0
Z
Z2
2i dv
2
=
eiu sin xu sin vu du =
v
0 sh
2 0
th u = 1
7.6]
, -
ix2
i
1 e 4 4
205
iv2
e 4
ix2
i Z iy 2
sin xv
e
sin xy
2 dv = 2e 4 4
dy.
v
sh y
sh
0
2
,
2
..
ix
x e 4
ch
e
sin xy
2
,
dy =
sh y
2 sh x
2
iy 2
2
ch x cos x
cos y 2 sin xy
2
4 ,
dy =
x
sh
y
2
sh
0
2
2
Z
x
sin
sin y 2 sin xy
4 .
dy =
x
sh
y
2
sh
0
2
(7.5.9)
(7.5.10)
7.6. , -1 .
Z /2
(a 1)

(a > 1)

eixt cosa2 t dt =
(7.6.1)
a
x
a
+
x
a2
/2
2
2
2

Z
a2
w+ 1
w x1 dw,
w
, ,
i, i, .

a1

2 cosa2 t
Z
,
ixt
|t|
<
e
2
(a 1)

dx =

(7.6.2)

a
+
x
a
0
|t| >
,
2
2
2
y
, a = + , x = 2u + , t = ,
2

iy()
y +2
2
Z
2
cos
e
iuy
e
2
(|y| < ),
du =
( + 1)
( + u)( u)
0
(|y| > ).
(7.6.3)
1
Ramanujan (4), (6).
206
[. vii
1
= O(|u|1 )
( + u)( u)
u . F (u), f (y), (7.6.3),
+ > 2 Lp (p > 1); 1 < + 6 2
0
Lp , Lp , p( + 1) > 1. (7.6.3) ,
-,
59 Lp .
, y = 0
Z
2+2
du
=
( + > 1).
(7.6.4)
( + 1)
( + u)( u)

sin mu
= ei(m1)u + ei(m2)u + . . . + ei(m1)u ,
sin u
(7.6.3) = :
23
Z
2
sin mu
du
(m ),
= (2 1)
sin u ( + u)( u)
0
0
(m ).
(7.6.5)
, = n + 1 ( n )
2n
2
Z
2 (n!) (m ),
sin mu du

(2n)!
2
2
2 = 2
0
u 1 u2 1 u2 . . . 1 u2
0
(m ).
1
2
n
(7.6.6)
, (2.1.1)
1
1
F (x) =
,
G(x) =
.
( + x)( x)
( + x)( x)
F (u) =
, (7.6.3), + + + > 3
Z
dx
=
( + x)( x)( + x)( x)
Z

iy
1
1
y +++4 2 ( +)
=
2 cos
e
dy =
2
2 ( + 1)( + 1)
( + + + 3)
,
(7.6.7)
=
( + 1)( + 1)( + 1)( + 1)
(7.6.1). F g Lp , 2
< 1 < + 1.
p
7.6]
, -
207
(2.1.8) x = , + = +
Z
eix
dx =
( + x)( x)( + x)( x)
i
Z
()

1
e2
y +2
y +2
dy =
=
2 sin
2 cos
2
2
2 ( + 1)( + 1) 0
i
()
e2

=
.
(7.6.8)
+
+
2
( + 1)
2
2
,
Z
cos x
1
dx =
.
(7.6.9)
2
2
4(2 1)2 ()
( + x) ( x)
.
, 2( ) = ,
Z
eix
dx =
( + x)( x)( + 2x)( 2x)

i
( )
+++3
2+++5 e 2
2

=
.
(7.6.10)
+
( + 1)(2 + 2)
2
+ + + = 4,
Z
cos (x + + )
dx =
( + x)( x)( + 2x)( 2x)
1
=
.
(7.6.11)
2( + 1)(2 + 2)(2 + 2)
2( ) = + k, k 1 2,
Z
sin (2x + )
dx =
( + x)( x)( + 2x)( 2x)
223

.
=
+ + 1 (2 + 2)
2
3( ) = + k, k 1 2,
Z
sin (2x + )
dx =
( + x)( x)( + 3x)( 3x)
33+4 (2 + 2)
.
=
4( + 1)(3 + 3)
k.
(7.6.12)
(7.6.13)
208
[. vii
, .

Z

( + x) ixt

=
I=
e dx =

Im
<
0
(
+
x)
Z
eixt
1
dx.
(7.6.14)
=
( + x)(1 x) sin ( + x)

X
2i
1
= i(+x)
=
2i
ei(2m+1)(+x) ,
sin ( + x)
e
ei(+x)
m=0
I = 2i
Z
X
m=0
eixti(2m+1)(+x)
dx.
( + x)(1 x)
(7.6.3) y = (2m + 1) t.
, I = 0 t 6 0. t > 0,
h
i
t
m =
;
2
, I (7.6.3).

Z
( + x)( x) eixt dx.
(7.6.15)
Im < 0
Z
( + x)
eixt
dx =
(1 + x) sin ( x)
Z
X
( + x)
= 2i
eixti(2m+1)(x) dx.
(1
+
x)
m=0
, (7.6.15) (7.6.14).

, , 1 . (7.6.4),
Z
J+x (a) Jx (b)
dx =
+x
bx
a
Z
X
X
dx
(1)m+n a2m b2n
=
=
++2m+2n
m! n! 2
( + x + m + 1)( x + n + 1)
m=0 n=0
1
, 13.8.
7.7]
=
=
X
(1)m+n
m! n!
m=0 n=0
X
r=0
a2m b2n
2++2m+2n
209
2++m+n
=
( + + m + n + 1)
X
X
a2m b2r2m
(1)r (a2 + b2 )r
(1)r
=
,
2r ( + + r + 1) m=0 m! (r m)!
2r ( + + r + 1) r!
r=0
..
Z
p
J+ { 2(a2 + b2 )}
J+x (a) Jx (b)
.
dx =
+
2
a+x
bx
a + b2 2
2
Z
J+x (a)Jx (a) dx = J+ (2a).
(7.6.16)
(7.6.17)
, einx ,
(7.6.3).
7.7. .
f (x) = ex ,
F(s) = (s) ( > 0).
f (x)xk1 L(0, ), k
L(k i, k + i) k > 0.

as
1 (x < a),
0 (x > a),
s

a
ln
(x < a),
as
x
0 (x > a),
s2
1
,
(s)(s)
x
e 1
1
,
(s)L(s)
x
e + ex
(7.7.1)
> 0, F(s)
( > 0),
(7.7.2)
( > 0),
(7.7.3)
( > 1),
(7.7.4)
( > 0),
(7.7.5)
L(s) (9.12.1). f (x)xk1

k > 0 L(0, ) , (7.7.4),
L(0, ) k > 1.
, f (x) F(s)
,
x f (x) F(s + ), f (x )

1 F s . .
210
[. vii

Z k+i
1
(s)(a s)(b s) (c)
f (z) =
z s ds,
2i ki
(c s)
(a)(b)
(7.7.6)
Re a > 0, Re b > 0, c 0, 1, . . . 0 < k < min(Re a, Re b).

(s)(a s)(b s)
= O(e|t| |t|Re(a+bc)1 ),
(c s)
|z s | = r et ,
(7.7.6) z, r > 0, < < . z = x, 0 < x < 1,

s = 0, 1, . . . .
f (x) = 1
ab
a(a + 1) b(b + 1) 2
x+
x . . . = F (a, b; c; x),
c 1!
c(c + 1) 2!
, . f (x) x > 1
F (a, b; c; x) ( , ,
). , ,
f (x) = F (a, b; c; x),
(s)(a s)(b s) (c)

(c s)
(a)(b)

0 < < min(Re a, Re b) .
(7.7.7)
F(s) =
:
1
,
1+x
1
,
(1 + x)a
ln(1 + x)
,
x

1
1x
Pm1
,
(1 + x)m
1+x
sin s
(s)(a s)
(a)
(1 s) sin s
(0 < < 1),
(7.7.8)
(0 < < Re a),
(7.7.9)
(0 < < 1),
(s)2 (m s)
(1 s)2 (m)
(0 < < m),
(7.7.10)
(7.7.11)
Pn (x) n- .
F( + it) L(, ) . (7.7.8), (7.7.9) (7.7.10)
,
7.7]
f (x)xs1 dx
211
(7.7.12)
F(s).

a
1
+
a
s
(s)
x2 + 1 x
2

f (x) =
, F(s) =
(0 < < Re a + 1).
2
x +1
2s 1 + a + s
2
(7.7.13)
(7.7.12)
y
x=
.
2 y+1

(s)(a)
(1 x)a1 (0 < x < 1),
( > 0, Re a > 0),
0
(x > 1),
(s + a)
(7.7.14)

(a s)(1 a)
0
(0 < x 6 1),
( < Re a < 1),
(x 1)a
(x > 1),
(1 s)
(7.7.15)
0
(0
<
x
6
1),
a
a
2
2
(x x 1) + (x x 1)
(x > 1),
2
x 1
(7.7.16)

1
+
a
s
1
2
2
(
<
|
Re
a|
+
1),
s
2 (1 s)

1 + x
s

,
ln
tg
(1 < < 1).
(7.7.17)

1x
s
2
f (x) 0 < x < 1 x > 1, a xk1 f (x) L(0, )

k. (7.7.14) (7.7.15) (7.7.12)

. (7.7.16) x = 1 y + 1 .
2
y
(7.7.17)

Z 1
Z 1
x3
1 + x s1
x+
ln
x dx = 2
+ . . . xs1 dx =
1
x
3
0
0

1
1
=2
+
+ ... ,
1 + s 3(3 + s)
212
[. vii

Z 1
1 + x s1
1 + u 1s du
1
1
ln
x dx =
ln
u
=2
+
+ ... ,
1x
1u
u2
1 s 3(3 s)
0

1
s
1
F(s) = 4 2
+
+
.
.
.
=
tg
.
1 s2 3 2 s2
s
2
7.8. , -. (2.1.12) f (x) = xa ex , F(s) = (s + a), g(x) = xb1 ex , G(s) =

= (s + b 1). a < k 0).
(7.8.2)
22a
0
.

xb
(b + s)(a b s)
,
F(s) =
,
a
(1 + x)
(a)
g, G , a, b c, d.
Z k+i
(b + s)(a b s)(d + 1 s)(c d 1 + s)
1
ds =
2i ki
(a)(c)
Z
xb+d
(b + d + 1)(a + c b d 1)
=
dx =
,
a+c
(1 + x)
(a + c)
0
f (x) =
, c d 1 = , b = , 1 + d = , a b = 1 ,
Z k+i
1
( + s)( + s)( s)( s) ds =
2i ki
( + )( + )( + )( + )
=
( + + + )
( < k, < k, > k, > k).
(7.8.3)
f (x) =
xb (1 x)a1 (0 < x < 1),

0
(x > 1),
F=
(b + s)(a)
,
(a + b + s)
g, G , a, b c, d.
1
Barnes (1); . , , 14.52.
7.8]
1
2i
, -
k+i
ki
(b + s)(a)(d + 1 s)(c)
ds =
(a + b + s)(c + d + 1 s)
213
xb+d (1 x)a+c2 dx =
(b + d + 1)(a + c 1)
,
(a + b + c + d)
, a = , b = , c = , d = 1,
Z k+i
1
( + s)( s)
( + )( + 1)
ds =
(7.8.4)
2i ki ( + s)( s)
( )( )( + 1)
( < k, < k, > k, > k).
=
f (x), , g(x), (7.8.3),
Z k+i
(b + s)(a)(d + 1 s)(c d 1 + s)
1
ds =
2i ki
(a + b + s)(c)
Z 1 b+d
x (1 x)a1
dx.
=
(1 + x)c
0
, c =
= 1 a;

b + d + 1 (a)
Z 1
Z 1 b+d1
1
2
.
xb+d (1 x2 )a1 dx =
y 2 (1 y)a1 dy =
2 0
0
2 a + b + d + 1
2
b = , a = 1 , d = 1,

+
Z k+i
( + )
1
( + s)( + s)( s)
2
(7.8.5)
ds =
2i ki
(1 + + s)
2 1 +
2
( < k, < k, > k, + 1 < k).
1 :
Z k+i
1
( + s)( + s)( + s)( s)(s)
ds =
2i ki
( + s)
()()()( + )( + )( + )
=
,
( )( )( )
(7.8.6)
+ + + = .

Z k+i
Z Z

1
F1 (s)F2 (s)F3 (s) ds =
f1 (u)f2(v)f3 1 du dv ,
uv uv
2i ki
0
0
1
Barnes (2).
214
[. vii
(2.1.19) n = 2.
x
,
(1 + x)+
x
,
f2 (x) =
(1 + x)

x (1 x)1 (0 < x < 1),
f3 (x) =
0
(x > 1),
f1 (x) =
( + s)( s)
,
( + )
( + s)(s)
F2 (s) =
,
()
( + s)( )
F3 (s) =
.
( + s)
F1 (s) =
(7.8.6) I,

1
ZZ
( )
u
v
1
1
du dv
I=
1
.
+
( + )()
(1 + u)
(1 + v) (uv)
uv
uv
uv>1
u = 1 1, v = 1 1
x
y
ZZ
x+1 y 1 (1 x) (1 y) (1 x y)1 dx dy,
x+y<1
, y = z(1 x),
Z 1
Z 1
1
1
z (1 z)
dz
x+1 (1 x)1 (1 z + xz) dx.
0
+ + + = ,
-, , 1
()( + )
1
.
( + + ) (1 z)

Z
()( + ) 1 1
()( + )()( )
z (1 z)1 dz =
,
( + + ) 0
( + + )( )
. .
7.9. . (7.4.1) a = s , , 0 < < + 23 . ,
2
1
. , , . I, . 19. [ x =
(1 z)t
=
. . .]
1 zt
2
, 6.5 (7).
7.9]
x J (x),

2s1 s
2

s +1
2
J (x),
x J (x),
x J (x),
(0 < < + 23 ).

s
+
2
2

( < < 32 ),
+1
2

2s+1 s +
2

(2 < < 23 )
s
1 +1
2
s1
215

1
2s 2 s + + 1
2

4
s
3
+
2
4
1
2
< < 1).
= 12 , = 12 ,

2s1 s

2 = (s) cos s (0 < < 1),
cos x,
2
1
2
1 + s
s1
2

2
= (s) sin s (1 < < 1).
sin x,
2
s
1
2
(7.9.1)
(7.9.2)
(7.9.3)
(7.9.4)
(7.9.5)
(7.9.6)
J (x) cos J (x)

.
sin
(7.9.2), Y (x)

s
+s
s1
s1
1
2
2

cos
=
sin s + 1
1 +s
2
2

i
2s1 s + s h
2
2
=
sin s cos sin s +
=
2
2
sin

s1
= 2
s + s cos s .
2
2
2
Y (x) =
, 1
1
, 13.24 (5).
216
Y (x),
x Y (x),
[. vii

s1
s
+
2
s
cos
(|| < < 23 ),
2
2
2
(7.9.7)

s1
2
s s cos s
( + || < < + 32 ).
2
2
2
(7.9.8)
(7.9.2)

s
2
s
+
J (x) + J (x),
sin s cos
2
2
2
2
J (x) J (x),
(|| < < 32 ),

2 s + s cos s sin
2
2
2
2
(7.9.9)
(|| < < 32 ).
(7.9.10)
, (7.9.1) (7.9.8),
x [J (x) + iY (x)] =
Z k+i

1
s1
s
s
2

= 2
2
2
2 i ki
h

i
sin s i cos s xs ds =
2
2
Z k+i

s
1
2s1 s s ei( 2 ) xs ds,
= 2
2
2
2 ki
( ) x ix. 1
i
i
2 2
x e
e 2 K (x) =
i
Z k+i
is

1
s1
i( 2s ) s 2
s
s
x e
= 2
2
e
ds.
2
2
2 ki
, 2

x K (x),
2s2 s s
> max(0, 2) ;
2
2
(7.9.11)

x K (x),

2s+2 s s +
2
2

> max(0, 2) .
, K (x) . =
(7.9.12) (7.7.1).
1
2
, 3.7 (8).
, 6.5 (36).
(7.9.12)
1
2
7.10]
217
(7.4.2)

2s1 s tg s
2

2 (1 < < + 32 );
(7.9.13)
x H (x),
s
+1
2
.
, , , (7.9.1). (7.4.1) .

Z k+i 2s1 s
1
J (x)
2 s

lim
.
(7.9.14)
x ds =
2i ki s + 1
x
2
0 < k < + 12 28, 0 < k 6 + 1 30. x J (x)

1
x 2 (a cos x + b sin x). 30
1
(x) = e(k 2 )x ,
(x) = ex ,
(1.12.1) k 6 + 1.
(7.9.14)
. (7.4.1).
t

i(1)
2s1 s
+ i(t ln t t) 1
a
1
2
2

=e
t
1+ +O 2 ,
t
t
s +1
2
29, 0 < k < .
11;
(t) = tk1 ,
(t) = t ln t t,
(1.12.1) k < + 23 .
7.10. . (2.1.16) (7.9.1)

x J (x)J (x)

Z k+i 2w1 w 2sw1 s w
1
2
2

dw.
2i ki 1 + w 1 + s w
2
2
w = 2w 0 (7.8.4),
1
1
, 13.41 (1), (2), 13.33 (1).
218
J (x)J (x)
,
x+

2s1 s (1 + + s)
2

.

s
s
s
1+
1++
1+
2
2
2
[. vii
(7.10.1)
K (x)K (x)
, (7.9.11), +
x
Z k+i

1
2w2 w w 2sw2 s w s w dw,
2
2
2
2
2i ki
(7.8.3)

s s s s
s1
2
K (x)K (x)
2
2
2
2
,
.
+
x
(s )
(7.10.2)
J (x)K (x)
(7.9.1) (7.9.11), 2
x

s
w
sw1
Z k+i

2
1
2

dw,
2w2 w w
2
2
2i ki
1+ sw
2
(7.8.5)

s s
s22
2
J (x)K (x)
2
4
,
.
(7.10.3)
s
x2
1+
4
(7.10.1),

s s +
1
2 2

.
J (x)Y (x),
(7.10.4)
2 s+1 1+ s
2
2
(7.10.1)

2s1 s + 1 s

2
2
.
J (x) cos x,
(7.10.5)
s
1
s
1+
1+ s
2
2
2

+
s
+
1
1
s1
2
s

2
2
.
J (x) sin x,
(7.10.6)
1+ s 1 +s 1+ s
2
2
2
7.10]
219
,
eix J (x) =
1
2i
k+i
ki

1 s i(s+)
(s
+
)
2
2
e 2 xs ds.
(1 + s)
s
(7.9.11), x ix

1
(s + )
s
2
ex I (x),
.
(7.10.7)
2s (1 + s)
, (7.10.1) (7.10.4),
J (x)[J (x) + iY (x)]

is
s
s
1
s
ie 2 2 + 2

2

.
2
1+ s
2
, x ix,

s
1
s
s
+
2
2
2

.
(7.10.8)
I (x)K (x),
4 1+ s
2
, eix [J (x) + iY (x)]
i(s)

ie 2 cos 1
s
(s + )(s ),
2
2s1
x ix, 1

cos 1
ex K (x),
s
(s + )(s ).
(7.10.9)
2
2s
, .,
73. , , xk x J (x)
L2 , 0 < k < + 21 , xk x J (x)
L2 , 0 < k < + 12 . k,
, > 21 , > 12 .
(7.10.5);
(1 cos x)J (x), xk (1 cos x), L2 , 2 < k < 0.
, .
1
, 6.51.
220
[. vii
7.11. , .
, .
(7.7.15)

(
1s 1
1
+
2
2
(x2 1)
(x > 1),
2

.
(7.11.1)
s
0
(x < 1),
2 1
2
(7.9.6), (7.9.3), (2.1.22) 1
Z
sin ax
dx =
+ 21
1 (x2 1)

1+s + s 1
Z k+i
1
2
2
2

as ds =
=
2s1
s
1
+
s
2i ki
1
2
2
2

1 Z k+i
+s
2
2 s
s1

=
2
a ds =
4i
ki
1 s
2

1
a J (a)
( 12 < < 12 ).
= +1
(7.11.2)
2
2
( - )
(7.4.3). , (7.9.5) (7.9.7), 2
Z

cos ax
1
dx
=
a Y (a)
( 12 < < 12 ). (7.11.3)
+1
+ 21
2
2
2
1 (x 1)
42, 41 < < 12 . ,

1
+
s

2
s1
s
k 21
a = O |t|
F(s) = 2

,
1 s
2
L, k < 12 , k 2 1 + 1 L,
x (x 1) 2
21 k < < 21 . 21 < < 21
.
43. , 0 < < 1
1
2
, 6.13 (3).
, 6.13 (4).
7.11]
xs1 sin x dx = O(1),

a
b
s1
221
s1
sin x dx = x
Z b
b

cos x + (s 1)
xs2 cos x dx =
1
= O(1) + O(|t|) = O(|t|).
, = 1 k
Z
xs1
1
(x2 1)+ 2
dx = O(1),
21 k < < 12 . , 12 < < 12

. k 1, .
,

2s+ + 1 + s
2 ,
x+1 J (ax),
(7.11.4)
1
s
s++1
a
2

s +1 s
1
2
2
,
(7.11.5)
2
+1
(x + 1)
2( + 1)
( (7.9.3) (7.7.9)), 1
Z +1
x J (ax)
dx =
2
+1
0 (x + 1)

Z k+i 2s+ + 1 + s 1 s + 1 + s
1
2
2
2
=
ds =
2i ki as++1 1 s
2( + 1)
2
Z k+2+1+i
0 0

1
0
0
=
2s 1 as + s s + ds0 =
2
2
4i( + 1) k+2+1i
a K (a)
=
,
2 ( + 1)
(7.11.6)
(7.9.12). F(s) (7.11.4)

L(k i, k + i), 2 1 < k < 1, k 2 1 +1 x (x + 1)
L, 2 1 < k < 1. 0 < < 2,
42.
1 < < 2 + 23 .
1
, 13.6 (2).
222
[. vii
, 43.

1 :

1
Z
2 +
K (a)
1
2

eax (x2 1) 2 dx =
,
(7.11.7)
a
1

Z
2 + 1
2
eax J (x)x dx =
(7.11.8)
1 ,
2
(a + 1)+ 2
0
(=7.4.8)
Z
( 1 + a2 a)
,
(7.11.9)
eax J (x) dx =
1 + a2
0
2
Z
a4b
a
bx2
+1
e
e
J (ax)x
dx =
,
(7.11.10)
(2b)+1
0
2
2
Z
a8b
a
bx2
e
J (ax) dx = e
I/2
,
(7.11.11)
8b
2 b
0
Z
(2a) (2b) ( + + 1)
++1
K (ax)J (bx)x
dx =
,
(7.11.12)
(a2 + b2 )++1
0
Z
a
a
J (ax)
dx = I/2
K/2
,
(7.11.13)
2
2
x2 + 1
0

Z
J (ax)x+1
a J (a)K (a)

.
dx =
(7.11.14)
+ 12
4
(x + 4)
0
23 + 1
2
2
Z
J (ax)J+1 (x) dx =
0

Z k+i 2s1 + s 2s 1 + s
1
2
2 s

=
a ds =
2i ki 1 + s
1+ +s
2
2
Z k+i s
1
a
=
ds
(k > ),
2i ki + s

a , (0 < a < 1),
1
,
(a = 1),
=
(7.11.15)
2
0,
(a > 1).
: 6.15 (4), 13.2 (5), 13.2 (8),

33.3 (4), 33.3 (5), 13.45 (1), 13.6 (3), 13.6 (5).
2
, 13.42 (8).
7.11]
223
a 6= 1 (7.11.15) 43. ()
Z
() =
J (ax)J+1 (x) dx.
0
(7.11.1). a = 1, ()
= 1, (1) .
, , (1) =
(1 + 0) + (1 0)
, =
2
, , , ; , ,
Z
Z

d +1
dx
J (x)J+1 (x) dx =
x J+1 (x) x+1 J+1 (x) 2+2 =
dx
x
0
0
+1

Z
+1
x J (x)
x J+1 (x)
+1
=
x J+1 (x)
(2 + 2)
dx,
x2+2
x2+3
0

Z
Z 2
J+1 (x)
J (x)J+1 (x) dx = ( + 1)
dx.
x
0
0
(7.10.1) = , s = 2, ,
1 .
2 + 2
(7.8.6) , (7.9.12)
(7.10.8),
Z
1
K (2x)I (x)K (x) dx =
x
0
Z k+i

1
1
s 1
=
2
4
8 2i ki

+ 1s 1s s
2
2
2
s+ 1
ds =
2
4
1
+
s
+
2
Z 1 (k1)+i

2
1
1
=
s0 + 1
2 4
1
4 2i 2 (k1)i

( s0 ) 1 + s0 (s0 )
2
s0 + + 1
ds =
2 4
(1 + + s0 )

1
1
1
1
+
+
+ +
4 2
4 2
4 2
4 2 .
=
(7.11.16)
4 + 3 +
+3
4 2
4 2
224
[. vii
(7.7.11) (7.11.4) = 0

Z
1 x2
1
xJ0 (ax) dx =
P
2 n n1 1 + x2
0 (1 + x )

Z k+i 1 + s 1 s 2 n 1 s
1
2
2
2

=
2s
as1 ds =
1
s
1
+
s
2i ki
2
2 (n)
2
2
Z k+i

1
s1 2
1 s as1 ds =
2
=
2
2i 2 (n) ki
Z k+2n1+i

0
1
0
s0 2n 2 s
as 2+2n ds0 =
=
2
2
2
2i (n) k+2n1i
1 a 2n2
= 2
K0 (a).
(7.11.17)
(n) 2
7.12. .
(7.9.5) (7.9.6),

1 s cos s ,
cos x ,
(7.12.1)
2

1
s sin s .
(7.12.2)
sin x ,
2
(7.12.1), = 1 = 2,
Z
cos x2 cos ax dx =
0
Z k+i

1
(1 s) s
=
(s) cos s 1 s cos
a ds =
2
2
4
4i ki
Z k+i

1
(1 s) s
=
2s1 s cos
a ds =
2
4
4i ki
a2
cos
,
(7.12.3)
=
2
4
(7.12.1) (7.12.2) = 2.
a2
2
sin x cos ax dx =
sin
.
(7.12.4)
2
4
0
(7.1.8) (7.1.9). 39. 7.11,
Z
xs1 cos x dx = O(|t|)
. ,
7.12]
cos(ax x ) dx =
a
1
2
a
+1
2
a
1
2
225
a
+1
2
= J1 + J2 + J3
( , > a 1 < a + 1). ,

2
2
J2 = O(1). ,
Z
Z
d sin(ax x2 )
1
J3 =
=
d sin(ax x2 ) = O(1).
a
a
a
2x
2
x= 2 +1
x= 2 +1
J1 = O(1). , 39 .
= 1 = 3 (7.12.1).
Z
Z k+i

1
(1s) s
3
cos x cos ax dx =
(s) cos s 1s cos
a ds.
2
3
6
6i
0
ki
3s 21

1
+
s
2
+
s
1
s
1
s
s
=
=
(s)
3
3
3
2 3 3
1+s
s
1
3s 2 3
3
=
.
(1 s)
2
sin
3
, , ,

Z k+i
1

s
1
(1 s)
s
1
+
s
2
3
as ds.
1 + 2 cos
3
3
3
24i ki
0
s = 3s , , (7.9.12),
2
0
Z 2k +i 3s0
3
0 3s
0
1
2
2
s
1
s
+
a
ds0 =
2
3
2
2k
16i 3 3 i
Z 2k +i 0 1
0
n o 0
3
s + 2
1
3
s 1 + s0 2 a 3/2 s ds0 =
=
2
2
3
2
3
4i 3 2 3 2k3 i
n 3/2 o
a
=
K1/3 2 a
.
3
6
0
s = 3s 1 , , (7.9.9),
2
Z 2k+1 +i 3s0

0
3s0 1
3
0
0
1
1
2
2
s
s
1
1
s
3
sin
+
a
ds0 =
2
2
6
2
6
8i 2k+1
i
3
Z 2k+1 +i
0
n 3/2 os0
3
0 0
a
0
=
2s sin s s 1 s + 1 2 a
ds0 =
2
2
6
2
6
3
24i 2k+1 i
3
226
[. vii
n 3/2 oi
n 3/2 o
ah
= J1/3 2 a
+ J1/3 2 a
.
3
3
6 3
Z
n 3/2 oi
n 3/2 o
ah
3
a
cos x cos ax dx =
+ J1/3 2 a
+
J1/3 2
3
3
6 3
0
n 3/2 o
a
+
K1/3 2 a
.
(7.12.5)
3
6

Z
n 3/2 o
n 3/2 oi
ah
3
a
sin x cos ax dx = J1/3 2
+ J1/3 2 a
3
3
6 3
0
n 3/2 o
a
K1/3 2 a
.
(7.12.6)
3
6
,
39. ,
Z 0 s
Z
1
s1
1
x cos x dx =
cos d = O(|t|)
0
0 < < 1. ,
Z
cos(ax x3 ) dx
0
a.
,
Z k+i
2 s
2
1
1
a
x
cos
=
(s) cos s x1 a
ds =
x
2
x
2i ki
Z 1k+i
1
(1 s) 2+2+2s s
=
a
x ds.
(1 s) cos
2
2i 1ki

cos x 2
Z
2
cos x cos a x1 dx =
x
0
Z k+i
1
(s ) 22s
=
(s) cos s (s ) cos
a
ds =
2
2
2i ki
Z 2k2+i
i
0 0 h
1
(s0 + ) s0 0
s
s
+
cos
=
+ cos
a ds =
2
2
2
2
8i 2k2i
1
, 6.4.
, 6.23.
7.13]
227

a
= cos a K (2a) +
J (2a) J (2a) ,
(7.12.7)
2
4 sin
2
(7.9.12) (7.9.10).
Z
2
sin x sin a x1 dx =
x
0

a
= cos a K (2a)
J (2a) J (2a) .
(7.12.8)
2
4 sin
2
, .
7.13. .
f (x) (s), (1.4.1), (1.4.2),
1
,
(7.13.1)
ex ,
1+s
s
,
(7.13.2)
cos x,
1 + s2
1
sin x,
,
(7.13.3)
1 + s2
x1 ,
()s,
(7.13.4)
q
1/x
e
e2 s .
(7.13.5)
,
s
x

2 + 1
2
x J (x),
(7.13.6)
1
2
(1 + s )+ 2
(7.4.8);
( 1 + s2 s)
J (x),
(7.13.7)
1 + s2
(7.11.9);
J (x)
( 1 + s2 s)
,
(7.13.8)
x
(7.11.9) a;
x/2 J ( x),
(7.11.10).
Z x
1
cos u
du,
C(x) =
u
2 0
1
4s
1
e
2 s+1
1
S(x) =
2
x
0
(7.13.9)
sin u
du,
u
(7.13.10)
228
[. vii
Z
Z
Z
1
cos u
xs
du
exs dx =
e C(x) dx =
u
2 0
u
0
s
Z
1
cos u us
1
1
s
e du =
=
+
, (7.13.11)
2
u
2s
1 + s2
2 s 0
1+s
, (7.13.7). ,
s
s
1
1
.
S(x),
2
2s
1 + s2
1+s
(x) = 1 + 2
(7.13.12)
en x ,
(7.13.13)
n=1
xs
(x) dx =
xs
dx + 2
Z
X
n=1
e(s+n
2 )x
dx =
1
1
1
.
+2
=
2
s
s + n
s th s
n=1
(7.13.14)
s
, .
7.14. (2.1.20) . , f (x), (s) (7.13.4), a g,
, .
Z x
Z k+i
1
exs
()() +1
1
1
y (x y)
dy =
()() + ds =
x
.
2i ki
s
( + )
0
(7.14.1)
(2.1.20)
kx
1
e f (x) (x > 0),
(k + it)
0
(x < 0),
2
g . ekx
, f g , . L2
, > 21 > 12 . > 0,
> 0. ,
, 38.
7.14]
229
.
f (x) (s) (7.13.6), , g,
. 1
Z x
y J (y)(x y) J (x y) dy =
0
Z k+i +

1
2
exs
=
+ 1 + 1
ds =
2
2 (1 + s2 )++1
2i ki

1
+ 1 + 1
+ +
2
2
2
x
=
J++ 1 (x).
(7.14.2)
2
2 ( + + 1)
= 21 , = 0
Z x
J0 (x y) sin y dy = xJ1 (x).
(7.14.3)
, ,
, 12.21.
= 0, = 0
Z x
J0 (y)J0 (x y) dy = sin x.
(7.14.4)
0
, (7.13.8)
Z k+i
Z x
J (y)J (x y)
1
dy =
( 1 + s2 s)+ exs ds =
y(x
y)
2i
ki
0
+ J+ (x)
=
.
(7.14.5)
x
f , (7.13.8), , a g,
(7.13.7),
Z x
Z k+i
J (y)J (x y)
J+ (x)
1
( 1 + s2 s)+ xs
e ds =
dy =
.
y
2i ki
1 + s2
0
(7.14.6)
g, (7.13.7), a f , , ,
Z x
Z k+i
1
( 1 + s2 s)+ xs
J (y)J (x y) dy =
e ds =
2i ki
1 + s2
0
Z
i exs
1 k+i h
=
( 1 + s2 s)++1 ( 1 + s2 s)++3 + . . .
ds =
i ki
1 + s2

= 2 J++1 (x) J++3 (x) + . . . .
(7.14.7)
1
Hardy (10), , 12.212.22.
230
[. vii
+ , ;
,
Z x
Z k+i xs
1
e
J (y)J (x y) dy =
ds = sin x.
(7.14.8)
2i ki 1 + s2
0
,
/2
f (x) = x
a4s
a
,
(s) = +1 e
2 s
J (a x),
a g, , a, b, . 1
Z x
y /2 J (a y)(x y)/2J (b x y) dy =
0
2

Z k+i
1
a b
a + b2
=
exp
+ xs ds =
2i ki 2+ s++2
4s

p
2a b
2 + b2 )x .
= 2
(a
(7.14.9)
J
++1
(a + b2 )(++1)/2
g, , f , (7.13.4), 2
Z x
y 1 (x y)/2 J (b x y) dy =
0
2

Z k+i
1
()b
b
exp + xs ds =
=
2i ki 2 s++1
4s

2 () /2
x
x .
=
J
b
+
b
(7.13.11) (7.13.12) 3
Z x
Z k+i
1
exs
x sin x
C(y)S(x y) dy =
ds =
,
2
2
8i ki s (1 + s )
4
0
Z
(7.14.10)
(7.14.11)
Z k+i
1
exs
C(y)C(x y) S(y)S(x y) dy =
ds =
4i ki s(1 + s2 )
Z k+i
1
1
s xs
1 cos x
=
e ds =
,
(7.14.12)
2
4i ki s 1 + s
2
x
, J0 , J1 .
1
2
3
, 12.13 (1).
. 12.11 (1).
Humbert (1).
7.14]
231

. 1 , (x). (7.13.14)
Z x
Z k+i
1
exs
(y)(x y) dy =
ds.
2i ki s th2 s
0
Ho

d
1
1
1
=
.
ds th s
2 s 2 s th2 s

xs

Z k+i xs
Z
e
1
e
1 k+i d
1
ds =
ds
s
2i ki s
i ki ds th s

Z k+i
1
1
1
x
exs ds =
=1+
i ki th s
s 2s s
Z x
= 1 + 2x(x)
(u) du,
0

Z x
0
1
(u) du =
2i
k+i
ki
1
exs
ds
2i
s s th s
k+i
ki
ds
,
s s th s
, , . ,
Z x
Z x
(y)(x y) dy = 1 + 2x(x)
(u) du.
(7.14.13)
0
. Hardy (10).
VIII
8.1. .
Z
Z
f (x) =
k(xu) du
k(uy)f (y) dy,
(8.1.1)
0
f (x); k(x) = 2 cos x
q
2
- , a k(x) =
sin x - .
, , ; ,
(8.1.2)
k(x) = x J (x).

Z
Z
f (x) =
k(xu) du
0
h(uy)f (y) dy,
(8.1.3)
. ,
k(x) = x Y (x),
h(x) = x H (x).
(8.1.4)
, (8.1.1)
Z
g(x) =
f (y)k(xy) dy,
(8.1.5)
g(y)k(xy) dy.
(8.1.6)
f (x) =
k(x), (8.1.1),
. 1 .
(8.1.5) xs1 0 .
1
Hardy and Titchmarsh (8), (2).
8.2]
Z
Z
Z
s1
s1
x dx
f (y)k(xy) dy =
g(x)x dx =
0
0
Z
Z0
Z
Z
s1
s
=
f (y) dy
k(xy)x dx =
f (y)y dy
0
233
k(u)us1 du,
.., Me,
G(s) = F(1 s)K(s).
(8.1.7)
F(s) = G(1 s)K(s).
(8.1.8)
(8.1.6)
s 1 s
,
K(s)K(1 s) = 1.
(8.1.9)
, , k(x)

Z c+i
1
k(x) =
K(s)xs ds,
(8.1.10)
2i ci
- , K (8.1.9).
8.2. , (8.1.9)
.
k(x) ,
Z x
k1 (x) =
k(u) du,
(8.2.1)

k1 (u)
1 (0 < x < ),
k(xu)
du =
0
(x > ).
u
0
, (8.1.1)

1 (0 < x < ),
f (x) =
0
(x > ),
Z
(8.2.2); , (8.2.2),
Z x
Z
Z
k1(xu)
f (y) dy =
f (y) dy
k(yu)
du =
u
0
0
0
Z
Z
k1 (xu)
k(uy)f (y) dy,
=
du
u
0
0
(8.1.1) .
(8.2.2)
234
(8.1.10)
Z c+i
1
x1s
k1 (x) =
K(s)
ds.
2i ci
1s
[. viii
(8.2.3)
(2.1.20)

Z
Z c+i

k1 (u)
1
K(1 s) s s

=
k(xu)
du =
K(s)
x ds =

c
>
0
u
2i
s
0
ci

Z c+i s
1
1 (0 < x < ),
ds
=
=
0
(x > ).
2i ci x s
(8.2.2), , ,
(8.1.9).
8.3.
, (8.1.3).
Z
f (x) =
k(xu)g(u) du,
(8.3.1)
0
Z
g(u) =
h(uy)f (y) dy,
(8.3.2)
0
:
F(s) = G(1 s)K(s),
G(s) = F(1 s)H(s),
(8.3.3)
(8.3.4)
, F G,
K(s)H(1 s) = 1.
(8.3.5)
(8.3.2)
(8.3.1) g(u), h(x),
Z c+i
Z c+i
1
1
xs
s
h(x) =
H(s)x ds =
ds.
2i ci
2i ci K(1 s)
8.4. . , , .
(1)

+s + 1
1
2
4
K(s) = 2s 2
( > 1),
+3
2
4
8.4]
k(x) =
235
x J (x),
; = 12 =
- - .
2 < < 1,

x

2
k(x) = x J (x)
,
( + 1)
1
2
, m 1 < < m,
+2n

n x
m
(1)
X
2
k(x) = x J (x)
,
n!
(
+
n
+
1)
n=0
m + 1 J (x).
(2) 1
k(x) = x Y (x),
, (7.9.7),
1
2s 2 s + 1 s 1 h s 1 i
K(s) =
+
cos
+
.
2
4
2
4
2
4
(8.1.9), k(x)
. (8.3.5)

+s + 1
h
i
1
2
4
H(s) = 2s 2
tg s + + 1 .
2
4
s + 3
2
4
(7.9.13) ,
h(x) =
x H (x).
(3) ,
2 , k(x) h(x) .
.
1 > 0, 1 2 ,
,
= 1 1 2 + 1 ,
2

1
2
Titchmarsh (3).
Fox (1).
236
[. viii

s
s
1 +
2
2
.
K(s) = 2s1
s
s
2 +
1 +
2
2
,
2 n
X
x
(1 + n)
4
x
k(x) =
=
2
(1 + n)(2 + n)
n!
n=0

x2 ,
= x
,
1 2
1 1 2
2
4
,
. H(s) (8.3.5), h(x)
, ,
h(x) = h1 (x) + h2 (x),
2
sin(1 1 ) x 21 +1
x
h1 (x) =
,
1 F2 1 1 + 1 ; 1 2 + 1 , 1 ;
4
sin(2 1 ) 2
h2 (x) h1 (x) 1 2 . p = 1.
K(s) - .
1 = 1, 1 = 23 , 2 = + 23 (2). 1 = 1, 1 = a + 1, 2 = + a + 1
, 1 2 .
1 = + 23 , 1 = + 1, 2 = 2 + 1

d n 2 x o
k(x) =
xJ
,
h(x) = J x Y x
2
2
2
2 dx
1
3 . 1 = + a + 2 , 1 = + a + 1,
2 = 2 + a + 1 4 . 5.2
.

s a +s a s
a
+
1
1
2 2 2 3 2
K(s) = 2s 2
,
b1 + s b2 s b3 s
2
2
2
1
2
3
4
Hardy (13).
Cooke (1).
Bateman (1), (2).
Titchmarsh (6).
8.4]
237
a1 + a2 + a3 + 1 = b1 + b2 + b3 ,
2
. ,
+ +1
1
a1 =
,
a2 =
,
a3 = 1 ,
2
2
2
+1
+1
b1 = 1,
b2 =
,
b3 =
,
2
2
k(x) h(x) , ,

i
h

x J x J x J x J x ,
k(x) =
2
2
2
2
( + )
2 2 sin
2

io
d n h x
x
h(x) =
x J
J
+ J x J x
.
2 2
2
2
( ) dx
2 2 cos
2
(4)
i
h
k(x) = x Y (x) + 2 cos a K (x) ,
, (7.9.7) (7.9.11),

s
+
1
s
+
+
4
8 4
8

K(s) = 22s1
s + 1 + a s + 7 a
4
8 2
4
8 2

s
1
s
+5
4
8 4
8
.

s
1
a
s
7
a
+ +
4
8 2
4
8 2
h(x) .
. = 0, a = 1,

2 s + 1
4 8
K(s) = 22s1
,
3
2
s
8 4
(8.1.9),
i
h
k(x) = x Y0 (x) 2 K0 (x)
(7.9.7), (7.9.11) . = 2, a = 0,

2 s + 9 s 3
4 8 4 8
K(s) = 22s1
,
s 1
11
2
s 4+8
8
4
238
[. viii
K(s)K(1 s) = 1,
i
h
2
k(x) = h(x) = x Y2 (x) + K2 (x) .
.. 1 .
2 3 .
(5)
`
2
ia s 12
K(s) = e
(a > 0),
2
`
ia s 12
H(s) = e
c = 1 (8.1.10), ,
2
i
Z
i ln2 x
1
e4
iat2
k(x) =
e cos(t ln x) dt =
e 4a
2 x
2 ax
h(x) . . ,
Z i ln2 xu
Z i ln2 uy
1
du
f (y)
4a
f (x) =
e 4a dy;
e
4a 0
xu 0
uy
, a = 1
2
x=e ,
u=e ,
y=e ,
g() = e
i 2 +
2
f (e ),
Z
Z
1
i
g() =
e
d
ei g() d.
2
, , 0 .
(6)
`
3
a s 21
K(s) = e
(a > 0),
k(x) . c = 1 (8.1.10) 2
(7.12.5) (7.12.6),
1
2
3
Hardy (17); . Hardy and Titchmarsh (8).

Steen (1).
Kuttner (1).
8.4]
239
Z
1
k(x) =
cos(at3 + t ln x) dt =
x 0

2( ln x)3/2
ln x
2( ln x)3/2
J1/3
+ J1/3
(0 < x < 1),

3 3ax
3 3a
3 3a
=

3/2
ln
x
2(ln
x)
K1/3
(x > 1).
3 ax
3 3a
(7)
i `s 1
2
= exp(iet )
K(s) = exp ie
(s =
1
2
+ it),
H(s) = exp(iet ).
1
k(x) =
2
x
=
2
1
it
2
exp(ie )x
1
2
x
dt =
2
eiu ui ln x
0
1
2
du
=
u
i i ln x dv
x
ev ve 2
=
(i ln x),
v
2
h(x) 1 .
(8)
K(s) = 1,
(8.1.9) , (8.1.10) . , , (8.2.3) 0 < c < 1 k1 (x),

Z c+i 1s
1
x
0 (0 < x < 1),
k1 (x) =
ds =
1
(x > 1).
2i ci 1 s
(8.1.5), (8.1.6)
Z
1
g(x) =
f (y) dk1(xy),
x 0
f (x) = 1
x
g(y) dk1(xy),

f (x) = 1 g 1 ,
g(x) = 1 f 1 ,
x
x
x x
.
1
, , 16.
240
[. viii
(9) K(s) . ,
c = 1 ,
2

K 1 + it = i sgn t.
2
H, (8.3.5), K. (8.1.10) ,
Z

Z 0
Z
i
1
1
it
it
x dt
x dt =
sin(t ln x) dt =
,
2 x 0
x 0
x ln x
(C, 1).
Z
Z
g(y) dy
f (y) dy
1
1
f (x) =
,
g(x) =
.
0
0
xy ln xy
xy ln xy
x y e e , ,
.
(10)
K(s) = ctg s ,
2
(8.1.9) . (8.1.10)
, (9).
1
,
k(x) = 2
1 x2
.
(11) ,

K 1 + it = ei/t .
2
(8.1.9) ,
Z
Z

1
1
i/t it
k(x) =
e x dt =
cos 1 t ln x dt.
t
2 x
x 0
x 6= 1 (C, 1)
J
(2
1
ln x) (0 < x < 1),
x ln x
0
(x > 1).
x = 1, k(x) ,
k1 (x) , (8). ,
L2 -
8.5]
241
Z 1/x J (2p ln(xy) )

1
p
g(x) = 1 f 1
f (y) dy.
x
x
xy ln(xy)
0

x = e ,
y = e ,
e/2 f (e ) = (),
() = ()
e/2 g(e ) = (),
J1 (2 + )
() d.
+
. 1
Z
J1 (2 )
J1 (2 x + ) J1 (2 x + )
dx =
( < ).
x+
x+
(12) , , 2.9 , . , , 2.9
2 cos 2x,
4K0 (4 x) 2Y0 (4 x),

(1 s)
,
(s)
2 (1 s)
.
2(s)
, ,
(8.1.9).
, k(x) a k(ax) x(1)/2 k(x )
.
8.5. L2 -.
: .
; , , .
K(s)
= 1 . (8.1.9)
2

(8.5.1)
K 1 + it K 1 it = 1.
2
2

K 1 + it = (t) (t)(t) = 1; ,
2
1
, 13.47 (10).
242
[. viii
,
.

Z
1 it
1
(8.5.2)
k(x) =
K 1 + it x 2 dt.
2
2
,
. , k1 (x), (8.5.2) , ,
,

Z T K 1 + it
1
it
x
2
2
k1 (x) =
l.i.m.
x
dt.
(8.5.3)
2 T T 1 it
2
, , K(s)
s, (8.5.1)

1

(8.5.4)
K 2 + it = 1.

K 1 + it
2
L2 (, ), (8.5.3) 1 it
2
k (x)
L2 (0, ).
, 1
x
, k(x), k1 (x). , , (8.2.2) . , x
Z
k1 (xu)k1 (u) du2 = min(x, ).
(8.5.5)
u
0
, (8.5.5)
.
, (8.5.5) .
.

1
129. K
+ it t,
2
(8.5.1) (8.5.4),

K 1 + it
2
1 it
2
2
L (, ). k1 (x) ,
(8.5.3). f (x) L2 (0, )
8.6]
129, 130
243
Z
d
du
g(x) =
k1 (xu)f (u)
(8.5.6)
dx 0
u
g(x),
L2 (0, );
Z
d
du
f (x) =
k1 (xu)g(u)
(8.5.7)
dx 0
u
,
Z
Z
2
f (x) dx =
0
g 2(x) dx.
(8.5.8)

1
130. K + it
2
k1 (x)
L2 (0, ), (8.5.5).
129,
x
k (x)
131. k1 (x) , 1
L2 (0, )
x
(8.5.5) x .
129.
, 129 130 131.
.
1 .
f (x) g(x), (8.5.6), (8.5.7),
k-, (8.5.8)
k-.

8.6. 129, 1302 . f (s)

L2 (0, ) F(s)

,

1
1
1
1
2
F + it L (, ). K + it = 1, K + it F it
2
2
2
2
L2 . g(x) .
3
Z x
Z 1 +i
2
1
x1s
g(u) du =
K(s)F(1 s)
ds.
2i 21 i
1s
0
k (x)
K(s)
1

. , x
1s
,
Z 1 +i
Z
2
1
K(s)
k1 (xy)
s
F(1 s)x ds =
f (y) dy.
2i 21 i 1 s
xy
0
1
Watson (2).
Busbridge (1).
3
72,
(2.1.23).
2
244
[. viii
,
Z
g(u) du =
0
k1 (xy)
f (y) dy.
xy
, (8.5.6).
, k- g(x) f (x) K(s)F(1 s) ( = 21 ). k- g(x)
K(s)K(1 s)F(s) = F(s).
, k- g(x) f (x).
L2 , . ,
Z
Z

2
1

1
2
g (x) dx =
K 2 + it F 21 it dt =
2
0
Z
Z
2

1
1

=
f 2 (x) dx,
F 2 + it dt =
2
0
.. k-.
130
k (x)
. 1
x
K(s)

, ,
1s
K(s),
Z
Z 1 +i
2
k1 (ax) k1 (bx)
K(s)as K(1 s)bs1
1
dx =
ds =
ax
bx
2i 21 i 1 s
s
0
Z 1 +i s s1
2
a b
1
=
ds.
2i 21 i (1 s)s
a > b, ; 1 . a < b, ,
a
, 1 . , b
, , a = b. .
8.7. 1311 . , f (x)

x.
1
Titchmarsh (15); . Plancherel (6).
8.7]
131
g1 (y) =
k1 (xy)
f (x) dx =
x
245

k1 (u)
u
du.
f
u
y
g1 (y), , ,

Z
Z
1
1
0
0 u
du =
g(y) = g1 (y) = 2
k1 (u)f
k1 (xy)f 0 (x) dx,
y 0
y
y 0
Z
Z
Z
Z
dy
2
0
g (y) dy =
k1 (xy)f (x) dx
k1 (y)f 0() d =
2
y
0
0
Z0
Z
Z 0
k1 (xy)k1 (y)
dy =
=
f 0 (x) dx
f 0 () d
y2
0
0
0
Z
Z
0
=
f (x) dx
f 0 () min(x, ) d =
0
Z0
Z
Z
Z
0
0
0
=
f (x)x dx
f () d +
f () d
f 0 (x) dx =
0
x
0
Z
Z

= 2
f (x)f 0 (x)x dx = xf 2 (x) +
f 2 (x) dx =
0
0
Z 0
=
f 2 (x) dx.
0
, , f (x)
.
f (x) L2 (0, ). ,
, fn (x), , f (x), ,
Z

2
lim
f (x) fn (x) dx = 0.
n
gn (x) fn (x), g(x) f (x).

Z
Z

2

2
gm (x) gn (x) dx =
fm (x) fn (x) dx,
0
, m n . gn (x)
g(x).
Z
Z
Z
Z
2
2
2
g (x) dx = lim
gn (x) dx = lim
fn (x) dx =
f 2 (x) dx,
0
.. f (x) g(x) .
,
246
g(u) du = lim
[. viii
gn (u) du =
0
Z
k1 (xy)
k1 (xy)
= lim
fn (x) dx =
f (x) dx,
n 0
x
x
0
Z
d
k1 (xy)
g(y) =
f (x) dx,
dy 0
x
Z
.. g(y) k- f (x).
(x) L2 (0, ) (x) k-.
Z
Z
g(x)(x) dx =
f (x)(x) dx.
0
,
(x) =
k1 (xy)
(x) dx =
x
d
(y) =
dy
,
Z
1 (x 6 u),
0 (x > u).
uy
k1 (x)
k1 (uy)
dx =
.
x
y
k1 (xy)
dx =
x
k1 (ux)
g(x) dx =
x
uy
k1 (x)
dx,
x
f (x) dx,
(8.5.7).
8.8. 1311 . ,
, k1 (x) K(s), . , ,
Z x
Z
k1 (xu)
f (y) dy =
g(u) du,
(8.8.1)
u
Z0 x
Z0
k1 (xu)
g(y) dy =
f (u) du
(8.8.2)
u
0
0

1 (x 6 ),
2
f (x) L (0, ). f (x) =
0 (x > ).
(8.8.2)
1
Busbridge (1).
8.9]
g(y) dy =
0
k1 (xu)
du =
u
x
0
247
k1 (v)
dv,
v
k1 (x)
.
x
(8.8.1),
Z
k1 (xu)k1 (u)
du = min(x, ).
u2
0
g(x) =
k (u)
, ( x = = 1), , 1
L2 (0, ).
u
K(s)
k (x)
1 , 1s
x

Z 1 +i
Z
2
1
k1 (ax) k1 (bx)
min(a, b)
K(s)as K(1 s)bs1
ds =
dx =
.
2i 21 i 1 s
s
ax
bx
ab
0
, ,
Z 1 +i s s1
2
1
a
b
min(a, b)
ds =
.
2i 21 i 1 s s
ab
( b = 1) ,
Z 1 +i
2
1
1 K(s)K(1 s) s
a ds = 0
2i 21 i
(1 s)s
a. ( L2 ) L, 32
, , ..
K(s)K(1 s) = 1.
8.9. . ,

(8.3.5).
, H 1 + it K 1 + it
2
2
h1 (x) k1 (x)
.

x
x

K 1 + it
H 1 + it
2
2
. f (x) L2 (0, ) 1 it
1 it
2
2
:
Z
Z
d
d
h1 (xy)
k1 (xy)
gh (x) =
f (y) dy, gk (x) =
f (y) dy.
dx 0
y
dx 0
y
248
[. viii
k- gh (x) h- gk (x) f (x).

Z
Z
gh (x)gk (x) dx =
f 2 (x) dx
0

Z
Z
2
|gh (x)| dx < c
f 2 (x) dx,
Z0
Z0
|gk (x)|2 dx < c
f 2 (x) dx.
0
129 .
131

1
1
K + it H + it ,
2
2
gh (x)gk (x) = |gh (x)|2 . ,
, (8.3.5), 8.8,
, 129.
8.10. . k1 (x), . (8.1.5), (8.1.6)
1
,
.

132. : (I) K 1 + it
2
k1 (x)
(8.5.1) (8.5.4),
, k1 (x)
x
1
2
(8.2.3) c = 2 , L (0, ), (II) k1 (x)
k1 (x)
k(x), (III)
.
x
Z x
1
f (x) =
(y) dy,
(8.10.1)
x 0
(y) L2 (0, ).
Z
Z
f (x) =
k(xu) du
0
k(uy)f (y) dy
x.
.
sZ

Z x
x
1
1
2
|(y)| dy
dy = o
|f (x)| 6
x
x
0
0
1
Hardy and Titchmarsh (8); . Morgan (2).
(8.10.2)
8.10]
249
x 0; ,
sZ

Z
Z x
1 X
1
1
2
|f (x)| 6
|(y)| dy +
|(y)| dy
dy = o
x 0
x
x
X
0
x , , X, x.
(x) k- (x). (x) L2
Z x
Z
k1 (xu)
(y) dy =
(u) du.
u
0
0
Z
(v)
dv.
(8.10.3)
g(u) =
v
u
Z x
Z
(y) dy =
k1 (xu)g 0(u) du =
0
0

Z

= lim k1 (xu)g(u) + x
k(xu)g(u) du .
(8.10.4)
0
sZ
|g(u)| 6
|(v)|2 dv

1
dv
=o
2
v
u
u ; ,
s

Z
Z
Z
(v)
1
dv
2

|g(u)| 6
=o
|(v)| dv
v dv +
2
v
u
0
u
u 0, , , u.
(8.10.4) ,
Z
Z
1 x
f (x) =
(y) dy =
k(xu)g(u) du.
(8.10.5)
x 0
0
, (8.10.3)
Z
g(u) =
(v)(v) dv,
0

0 (v < u),
(v) =

1/v (v > u).
Z
g(u) =
(v)(v) dv,
0
d
(v) =
dv
d
k1 (vt)
(t)
dt =
t
dv
k1 (vt)
dt =
t2
250
[. viii
Z
Z
k1 ()
k1 ()
k1 (uv)
d
v
=
d
=
d
.
dv
2
2
uv
uv
uv
,
Z
Z
Z
k1 ()
k1 (uv)
g(u) =
(v) dv
d
(v)
dv = g1 (u) g2 (u).
2
uv
0
uv
0
(8.10.6)

Z

Z

k1 (uv)
k1 ()
+
d
vf (v)u 2 2 dv.
(8.10.7)
g1 (u) = vf (v)

2
uv
0
uv
0
, vf (v) = o( v), ,
k ()
1 L2 ,

Z
k1 ()
1
d = o ,
2
v
uv
g(u).

Z
Z
k1 (uv)
k(uv)
k(uv)
g2 (u) = vf (v)
vf (v)
dv,
dv +
vf (v)

uv
v
uv 2
0
0
0
(8.10.8)
k1
(uv)
,
= O(1).
v
(8.10.6), (8.10.7) (8.10.8) ,
Z
g(u) =
k(uv)f (v) dv.
(8.10.9)
0
(8.10.5) (8.10.9) .
8.11.
1 .
Z
m(x) =
k(xy)l(y) dy
0
k(x) l(x).
, k(x) l(x) , m(x) .
, ,
Z Z
m(xu)m(ut)f (t) du dt =
0
0
Z Z Z Z
=
k(xuy)k(utz)l(y)l(z)f (t) du dt dy dz,
0
Hardy (20).
8.11]
251
k l , t = v , y = zw
z
Z Z
Z Z

k(xzwu)k(uv)f v du dv =
l(z)l(zw) dz dw
z
0
0
0
0
Z
Z
=
l(z)l(zw)f (wx) dz dw = f (x).
0

. K L k
l, m
Z
Z
Z
s1
s1
M(s) =
m(x)x dx =
x dx
k(xy)l(y) dy =
0
0
0
Z
Z
Z
Z
s1
s
=
l(y) dy
k(xy)x dx =
l(y)y dy
k(u)us1 du =
0
= L(1 s)K(s).
M(s)M(1 s) = K(s)K(1 s)L(1 s)L(s) = 1,
. ,
.
L2 - .
133. k1 (x) l1 (x)
k (x)
131, m1 1 l- 1 .
x
x
m1 (x)
131.

. m1 1
x
Z x
Z
1
l1 (xu) k1 (u)
m1
du =
du.
u
u
u
0
0

k (ax)
m1 a l- 1
. , x
x
l-,
Z
Z
m1 (ax)m1 (bx)
a
b
dx =
m1
m1
dx =
2
x
x
x
0
0
Z
k1 (ax)k1 (bx)
=
dx = min(a, b),
x2
0
.
0 (x < 1),
, , s1 (x) =

1 (x > 1),

1
1
1
g(x) = f
, f (x) = g 1 .
x
x
x x
252
[. viii
s. k1 = l1 ,
Z x
Z
1
k1 (t)k1 (xt)
m1
dy =
dt = min(1, x),
y
t2
0
0
m1 s1 . l1 = s1 ,
Z x
Z
Z x
1
k1 (t)
1
m1
dy =
dt,
dt =
k1
2
y
t
0
1/x t
0
m1 k1 . , k k s, k s k.
.
(1) k - l -,
1
1
,
m(x) = 2
,
m1 (x) = 1 ln

x+1
1 x2
m-
Z
f (t)
2
g(x) =
dt.
0 1 x2 t2
f ,

Z
1
1
f (t)
1
g
dt,
=
x t
x
x
.. f (t).
k
Z
k(xt)
2
dt,
m(x) =
0 1 t2
, k(x) ,
Z
k(t)
1
m(x) =
dt.
0 xt
, , , .

x (x < 1),
(2) l1 (x) =
(8.5.5).
0 (x > 1)
, k(x) ,
Z
Z 1
Z
1 x
m(x) =
k(xt) dl1 (t) =
k(xt) dt k(x) =
k(u) du k(x).
x 0
0
0

0
(x < 1),
, l1 (x) =
,
ln x 1 (x > 1)
Z
k(u)
du k(x)
u
x
8.12]
k-
253
.

1 J 1 1 J
(3) t J (t)
21 (2 t).
t
t qt
q
(4) 2 cos x 2 1 cos 1 ( 7.12)
x
x
2 K (2x) Y (2x);
0
0
q
q
2 sin x 2 1 sin 1
x
x

2 K (2x) + Y (2x).
0
0

J0 (2 x).
(5) J0 (2 x) cos x sin x, J0 (2 x) sin x

cos x. , 7.12.
(6) x 6= 1
tJ (xt)J (t) dt =
1
2
2 sin x
1 x2
(C, 1),
x = 1
Z
cos
dt.
x J (x)
x J (x) m1 (x) x = 1.
2 sin
m1 (x) =
x
0
t 2
dt +
1 t2
0
(x < 1),
cos (x > 1).

2 sin
g(x) =
1

+
1
(xt) 2
cos
f
(t)
dt
+
f
1 x2 t2
x
x
q
2 cos x J (2x),
(7) m(x)
1/2

m(x) 1 m 1 ,
2x
2x

i
h
2x cos x J3/4 (x) + sin x J1/4 (x) .
8
8
1
, 13.61 (1), 7.12.
254
[. viii
8.12. k-. .
8.4, K(s) -. ,
3.
1341 . K(s) 1 < < 2 ,
1 < 0, 2 > 1, , ,
, K(s)
t , ,

1
,
K0 (s) + + O
,
K0 (s) + + O
s
|s|2
s
|s|2
K0 (s) = (s) cos s

2
cos x. K(s)
(8.1.9) k(x) K(s).
, f (y) L(0, ) y = x (x > 0),
Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
k(xu) du
k(uy)f (y) dy =
.
(8.12.1)
2
0
0
K0 (s) 1 < < 2 ,

6 0. t
,

1
a
1
2 i(t ln tt)
K0 ( + it) = Ct
e
1+ +O 2 ,
t
t
C a a ; K0 ( it)
.
(s) sin s ,
2
cos s
2 ,
(s)
1s

sin x,
1
Hardy and Titchmarsh (8).
sin x
,
x
sin s
2
(s)
2s
sin x x cos x
x2
8.14]
k-
255
t

1
1
1
K0 (s) i sgn t + O
, K0 (s) + O
,
|s|2
s
|s|2

i sgn t
1
K0 (s)
+O
.
s
|s|2
K0 (s) ,
a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 ,
K(s) = K(1) (s) + K(2) (s) + K(3) (s),
K(1) (s) = a1 (s) cos s + a2 (s) sin s ,

2
2
s
s
cos
sin
2 + a (s)
2
K(2) (s) = a3 (s)
4
1s
2s

K(3) (s) = O |K0(s)s2 | = O |t|5/2
s . k (1) (x), . . . K(1) (s), . . . .

8.13.
. k(x) x.
. k (1) (x) k (2) (x),
Z c+i
1
(3)
k (x) =
K(3) (s)xs ds.
2i ci
x > 1,
c = 1 + , 0 < < 21 , 1 + < 2 .

K(3) (s) O |s|3/2 , k (3) (x) , ,
O(x1 ). 0 < x 6 1, c = , 1 < < 0.
Z +i
1
(3)
k (x) =
K(3) (s)xs ds + ,
2i i

(3)
. ,
, , K (s) =
5/2
= O |s|
. , k(x) x.
256
[. viii
8.14.
.
(, x, y) =
k(xu)k(yu) du,
(8.14.1)
1/
> 1 x .
|| < B(x, )
(8.14.2)
y, |y x| > .
.
Z
(, x, y) =
k(xu)k(yu) du =
1
Z
(1)

=
k (xu) + k (2) (xu) k (1) (yu) + k (2) (yu) + k (3) (yu) du +
1
Z
+
k (3) (xu)k(yu) du.
1
, k (3) (xu) = O(u1 ), k(yu) .

, k (p) (xu)k (q) (yu), p,q .
1,1 , , . , 1,2 ,

Z
Z 1/y
sin yu yu cos yu
sin yu yu cos yu
sin xu
du =
du +
sin xu
2
2
y u
y 2 u2
1
1
Z
Z
sin xu sin yu
sin xu cos yu
+
du
du.
y 2 u2
yu
1/y
1/y
cos x 0 < x < 1,
sin xx
x2

Z 1/y
(sin 1 cos 1)
sin xu du,
u1
0 < u1 < 1/y.

Z u2
Z u3
sin xu sin yu du,
sin xu cos yu du,
1/y
1/y
u2 > 1/y, u3 > 1/y. , ,

1,2 . , 1,2 .
8.15]
k-
257
2,1 2,2 . ,
2,2
Z 1/y Z
Z
sin xu sin yu
du =
+
=
xu
yu
1
1/y
1
Z
Z u2
sin y u1 sin xu
sin xu
=
du +
sin yu du,
y
xu
xu
1
1/y
.
1,3
Z
Z c+i
1
cos xu du
K(3) (s)(yu)s ds.
2i 1
ci
K(3) , c = 0
,
Z
Z
1
cos xu
(3)
it
K (it)y dt
du.
2
uit
1
t > O() = O(t), 0 < t <

O(t)
Z
h sin xu i
h cos xu i it(it + 1) Z cos xu
cos xu

du =
du,
it 2 it+1
it
it
u
xu
x
u
x2
uit+2
t
t
t
t
O(t). K(3) (it) = O(|t|5/2 ) t,
.
,
, s = i C.
K(3) (s) = C(s i ) + K(4) (s),
k (3) (x) = Cxi ex + k (4) (x).
K(4) , K(3) ,
Z
Z 0
cos xu
i
yu cos xu
i
Cy
e
du = Cy
du = O(1)
i
u
ui
1
1
, . , 1,3 . , 2,3 , .
8.15.
.
(, x, y) =
1/
k(xu)
k1 (yu)
du,
u
258
k1 (x) =
1
k(u) du =
2i
c+i
ci
K(s)
[. viii
x1s
ds.
1s
|| < B(x, ) > 1, x > 0 0 < x < y < z + , (, x, y)

()
0 (y < x),
1
(y = x),
2
1 (y > x).
. k(u) = O(1), k1 (u) = O(u) u, (1/, 1) .
k(x)
k(x) = k (1) (x) + k (5) (x),
k (1) , .
Z
Z
(1)
k1 (yu)
k1 (yu)
(1)
du =
k (xu)
du +
k(xu)
u
u
1
1
Z
Z
(5)
(1)
k1 (yu)
k1 (yu)
(5)
+
k(xu)
du +
k (xu)
du.
u
u
1
1

Z
a1 sin yu + a2 (1 cos yu)
du =
(a1 cos xu + a2 sin xu)
u
1
Z
Z
cos xu sin yu
cos xu cos(x + y)u
2
= a1
du + a1 a2
du +
u
u
1
1
Z
sin xu(1 cos yu)
2
+ a2
du,
u
1
. , k(u)
(1)
k1 (u) ,
Z

3
1
+
(5)
2
k (u) = O
(1 + |t|)
u dt = O u 2
(5)
( = 12 ), k1 (u), uk (3) (u), O(u ).

.
. ;
. , ,

8.16]
k-
259
k1 (u)k(xu)
du
u
0
x > , 0 < < 1, x = 1. , (x),
Z x
Z
k1 (u)[k1 (xu) k1 (u)]
(u) du =
du = min(x, 1)
u2
0
, ,

1 (x < 1),
(x) =
0 (x > 1).
x = 1,
Z X
Z X 2
Z X
k12 (X)
k(u)k1 (u)
k1 (u)
k1 (u)k(u)
du =
du +
du,
u
X
u
u2
0
0
0
Z
X ,
k 2 (X)
1
,
X
2
k (X)
, 1 2 L(0, ). ,
X
Z
Z 2
k1 (u)k(u)
k1 (u)
2
du =
du = 1.
u
u2
0
0
8.16. ,
1 .
. f (t) L(a, b) (, t) L(a, b)
. (, t) (a, b),
Z
(, t) dt 0
a 6 < 6 b.
Z b
lim
f (t)(, t) dt = 0.
. , f (t)
(a, b).
Z t
(, u) du = 1 (, t).
a
Z
1
b
a
Hobson (1).
f (t)(, t) dt = f (b)1 (, b)
f 0 (t)1 (, t) dt.
a
260
[. viii
> 0
|1 (, t)| <
( > 0 (), a 6 t 6 b),

Z b

Z b

0

f (t)(, t) dt 6 |f (b)| +
|f (t)| dt

a
( > 0 ).
.
> 0
(t),
Z b
|f (t) (t)| dt < .
a
(t), , , 0
,
Z b

<

(t)(,
t)
dt
( > 0 ).

a
, |(, t)| 6 M,
Z b
Z b
Z b

6
f
(t)(,
t)
dt
6
(t)(,
t)
dt
+
|f
(t)
(t)|
(,
t)
dt

a
6 + M
( > 0 ).
8.17. 134.
Z
k(uy)f (y) dy
0
1/ 6 u 6 ,
k(xu) . ,
Z
Z
Z
k(xu) du
k(uy)f (y) dy =
f (y)(, x, y) dy =
1/
x+
= (), = (), > 2.
|I6 | 6 B
x+
= I1 + I2 + I3 + I4 + I5 + I6 .
,
Z
|I1 | 6 B
|f (y)| dy < ,
|f (y)| dy <
8.17]
134
,
Z
Z
(y) dy =
k(xu)
1/
261
k1 (u) k1 (u)
du = (, x, ) (, x, ).
u
< < x, x < < , , ,

. , ,
lim I2 = 0,
lim I5 = 0
, .
, f (y) (x , x + ).
f (y) f (x 0) = f1 (y) f2 (y),
f1 f2 , , y x0.

I3 = f (x 0) (, x, x) (, x, x ) +
Z x
Z x
+
f1 (y)(, x, y) dy
f2 (y)(, x, y) dy.
x
21 f (x 0).
Z

f1 (x )
(y) dy = f (x ) (, x, ) (, x, x ) ,
x
x < < x, ,
( ), . .

lim I3 12 f (x 0) 6 2.
I4 , ,
Z
Z
f (x + 0) + f (x 0)
lim
k(xu) du
k(uy)f (y) dy =
.
1/
2
0
u ,
u 0. , (8.12.1),
.
, K(s), , , > 21 ,
K, -,
.
262
[. viii
8.18. 1 .

, k(x) = x J (x). .
135. f (x) L(0, ) x, > 21
Z
Z
f (x+0) + f (x0)
J (uy) uy f (y) dy. (8.18.1)

=
J (xu) xu du
2
0
0
. > 0 .
Z
Z x
J (xu) xu du
J (uy) uy f (y) dy =
0
0
Z x
Z
y f (y) dy
J (xu)J (uy)u du =
= x
0
0
Z x xJ+1 (x)J (y) yJ+1(y)J (x)
y f (y) dy (8.18.2)
= x
x2 y 2
0
Z x
Z x
y f (y)
y y f (y)
= O( )
J (y) 2
dy + O( )
dy
J+1 (y) 2
x y2
x y2
0
0
(8.18.3)
x .

Z 1/
Z 1/
y f (y)
J (y) 2
dy = O
(y) y |f (y)| dy =
x y2
0
0

Z 1/

Z 1/
1
+
1
1
2
|f (y)| dy = o .
=O
y
|f (y)| dy = O
0
0
y > 1

A cos y + B sin y
1
J (y) =
+O
.
y
y y
O- (8.18.3)

Z x
|f (y)|
1
O
dy =
y
1/

Z x

Z 1/
1
1
1
=O
|f (y)| dy + O
|f (y)| dy = o ,
1/
0
, ,

Z x
1
f (y)
1
(A cos y + B sin y) 2
dy = o .
x y2
1/
1
, . 14.
8.18]
263
(8.18.3) . , (8.18.2) .
,
Z
Z
J (xu) xu du
J (uy) uy f (y) dy,
x+
y . ,
(8.18.1) , , ,
y .
, f (y)
(x , x + ) .
y 1/2 f (y). (x, x + )
21
21
f (y) = x
f (x + 0) + 1 (y) 2 (y),
1 2 , .
Z
Z x+
J (uy) uy f (y) dy =
J (xu) xu du
0
x
Z
Z x+
h 1
i
2
= x
J (xu)u du
J (uy)y +1 x
f (x + 0) + 1 (y) 2 (y) dy.
0

Z
h
i

x f (x + 0)
J (xu) J+1 (x + )u (x + )+1 J+1 (xu)x+1 du
0

x f (x + 0) x 21 x = 12 f (x + 0),
(7.11.15).
Z
Z x+
J (xu)u du
x
J (uy)y +11 (y) dy =
0
x
Z x+
Z
+1
= x
1 (y)y
dy
J (xu)J (yu)u du =
x
0
Z x+
Z
+1
= x 1 (x + )
y
dy
J (xu)J (yu)u du =
= x 1 (x + )
h
i

+1
+1
J (xu) J+1 (x + )u (x + )
J+1 (u)
du,
x < < x + . x > x0 > 0, y > x0

Z
Z

2
J (xu)J+1 (yu) du = O(1) +
cos x
1
2
4
0
Z

1 du = O(1)
sin y du +
O
2
4
xy u
u u
1
264
[. viii
. , 1 O().
, 2 .
, ,
, .
8.19. , . (7.4.6),
(7.11.6), (7.11.8)(7.11.15) (7.11.17) .

pq
x J (px)J (qx),
231 + 1
2
x

12
|p q| < x < p + q ,
[x2 (p q)2 ][(p + q)2 x2 ]
0
x.
(8.19.1)
1
1
1
(7.14.9) = 2 , = 2 , x = 1, y = sin2 .

Z
1
12 J ( a2 + b2 )
+ 21
=
a
sin
J 1 (a sin )eib cos d. (8.19.2)
2
2
2
2 0
(a + b ) 2
+ 1
a = q sin , b = p q cos , sin 2 ,
p
Z
J ( p2 + q 2 2pq cos )
sin2 d =
2
2
(p + q 2pq cos ) 2
0
+ 21 Z
q
+ 1
=
sin 2 d
2 0
Z
+ 1
sin 2 J 1 (q sin sin )ei cos (pq cos ) d =

2
+ 21
q
=
J (q)
q
sin
eip cos d
Z
+ 1
sin 2 J 1 (q sin sin )eiq cos cos d =

2
sin
0
+ 12
+ 21
12
eip cos sin
J (p)J (q)

d = 2 + 1
.
2
(pq)
(8.19.3)
,
p2 + q 2 2pq cos = .
1
. . , 11.41.
8.19]
265
x1 J (px)J (qx)J (ux) dx =

0
2
2
2
2 1
{[u (p q) ][(p + q) u ]} 2
=
231 + 12 (pqu)

|p q| < u < p + q ,
(8.19.4)

2 . , (7.11.12)
1
x++ 2 K (ax),
2+ a ( + + 1)

Z
x++2+1 K (ax)K (bx) dx =
x+ 2
,
2
(a + x2 )++1
(8.19.5)
=2
++2
a b ( + + 1)( + + 1)
x2+1 dx
.
(a2 + x2 )++1 (b2 + x2 )++1
2
x = b tg 1 a2 ;
b

a = b =
1
2
Z
K (ax)K (ax)x1 dx =
0
23 + + + +
.
2
2
2
2
a ()
(8.19.6)
,

+ 12
x
+ 21
x J (ax)K (ax),
(8.19.7)
x4 + 4a4
23 a2 + 12
=
(. (7.11.14))
Z
J2 (ax)K2 (ax)x2+1 dx =
0

23
+
1
2
+
1
3
+
1
= 2+2
.
2
2
2
a
( + 1)
(8.19.1), p = q,
Z
p22
()(2)

.
J4 (px)x14 dx =
2
2 + 12 (3)
0
1
. Titchmarsh (11).
, 13.46; Nicholson (1).
(8.19.8)
(8.19.9)
IX
,
9.1. . , -
- , .. f (x) ,
q Z
f (y) cos xy dy
(9.1.1)
f (x) = 2
0
q Z
f (y) sin xy dy.
f (x) = 2
0
(9.1.2)
(9.1.1)
1 ,
x
ex
2 /2
1q .
ch x
2
(9.1.2)
1 .
e
1 x 2
,
, ..
Z
f (x) =
f (y) xy J (xy) dy.
(9.1.3)
1 ,
x
xex
2 /2
1
x 2
(9.1.1), (9.1.2), (9.1.3) Rc , Rs , R .

- , .. , (9.1.1), (9.1.2) (9.1.3)
. Rc , Rs , R .
,
, ( ) , L2 .
(9.1.1) .
9.1]
267
. g(x)
L2 , g(x) + Gc (x) L2 , , . , f (x), ,
f (x) + f (x)
f (x) + Fc (x)
=
.
2
2
, g(x) + Gc (x) .
, , , ,
( ), f (x) . , f (x) g + Gc ,
, ,
q Z
g(y) cos xy dy.
(9.1.4)
f (x) = g(x) + 2
0
11.15. ,
(9.1.1).
F(s) f (x). (9.1.1)

Z
q Z
s1
2
F(s) =
x dx
f (y) cos xy dy =
0
0
Z
q Z
2
=
f (y) dy
xs1 cos xy dx =
0
Z 0
q
= 2 (s) cos s
f (y)y s dy,
2 0
.. F(s)
q
F(s) = 2 (s) cos s F(1 s).
2

F(s) = 2s/2 s (s),
2
(s) = (1 s),
, ,
Z c+i

1
2s/2 s (s)xs ds.
f (x) =
2
2i ci
(9.1.5)
(9.1.6)
(9.1.7)
, (9.1.7), (s) (9.1.6), .. 21 + s, Rc .
268
[. ix

f (x) = 2ex
(s) = 1,
2 /2
(9.1.2) , ,
(9.1.3). f (x) (9.1.3),
Z
Z
1/2
F(s) =
y f (y) dy
xs1/2 J (xy) dx =
0
0

+
s
+1 Z
2
4
= 2s1/2
f (y)y s dy,
s
3
0
+
2
4
..

+s + 1
2
4
F(1 s).
(9.1.8)
F(s) = 2s1/2
s + 3
2
4

F(s) = 2s/2 + s + 1 (s),
2
4
(9.1.3)
Z c+i

1
f (x) =
2s/2 + s + 1 (s)xs ds,
(9.1.9)
2
4
2i ci
(s) (9.1.6).
9.2.
Z
(s) =
es
2 x2 /2
f (x) dx.
(9.2.1)
(9.1.1)
Z
q Z
s2 x2 /2
2
(s) =
e
dx
f (y) cos xy dy =
0
0
Z
Z y2
q Z
2
s2 x2 /2
2
1
=
f (y) dy
e
cos xy dx =
e 2s f (y) dy,
0
s 0
0
..

1
(s) = 1 .
(9.2.2)
s
s
(s) = 4 s ( s),

(s) = 1 .
(9.2.3)
s
(9.2.1)
f
(
2u)
du,
esu
( s) =
2u
0
9.3]
269
Z c+i
1
f ( 2u)
=
esu ( s) ds,
2i ci
2u
Z c+i
x
2
f (x) =
esx /2 (s)s1/4 ds.
(9.2.4)
2i ci
, (9.2.4), (s) (9.2.3), Rc .

(s) = 1,

(s) =
f (x) =
es
2 x2 /2
23/4 1
.
x
14
f (x)x+1/2 dx
(9.2.5)
. (9.1.3)
Z
Z
s2 x2 /2 +1/2
(s) =
e
x
dx
f (y) xy J (xy) dy =
Z0
Z 0
2 2
=
f (y) y dy
es x /2 x+1 J (xy) dx =
0
=
(s) =
f (y) y
0
+1
s 2 ( s)
1
s2+2
y2
2s2

dy = 2+2 1 .
s
s
(9.2.3),
x2
f (x) =
2i
c+i
x2 s
+1
2
e (s)s 2
ds.
(9.2.6)
ci
9.3.
2
ex /2 , . , ,

2
x J1/4 x .
2
, pee,
Z
2 2

(s) =
sx J1/4 s x f (x) dx = 1 1 ,
2
s
s
0
f (x) (s). 1 .
1
Mehrotra (3).
270
[. ix
9.4. L2 .
.
L2 - .
1361 . , f (x) L2 (0, )
- , , f (x) (9.1.7), c = 21 , ,

1 it
+
1
1
1
it
4
2
F
+ it = 2
+ it
(9.4.1)
2
4 2
2
L2 (, ) (9.1.6), ..

1 + it t.
2
. L2 -
, f (x)
(9.1.6).
sin xy
L2 (0, ),
f (y)
y

1
h
i x 2 it
1
1
+ it cos
+ it
.
2
2
2 1 it
2

q Z
sin xy
2
f (y)
dy =
0
y
1
q Z

h
i x 2 it
2
= 1
F 1 it 1 + it cos 1 + it
dt.
2
2
2
2
2 1 it
2
,
1
x 2 it
1
1
f (y) dy =
F
+ it
dt.
2
2
1 it
0
2
f ,
, L(, ),

1
( 32). ,
+ it .
2

, 1 + it , , ,
2
, , f .
Z
Hardy and Titchmarsh (4). .
Lp
9.5]
271
9.5. Lp.
137. f (x) Lp (0, ), 1 < p < 2, -,
(9.1.7),

F(s) = 2s/2 s (s)
2
, (I)

p
0
1 << 1
p
=
,
(9.5.1)
p
p1
p0
(II) s
(III) (9.1.5);
(9.1.7)
(9.5.1).
,
.
. f (x) Lp , 0
Lp , f (x)
0
Lp Lp ,
Lq . , L2 , , 136.

1
1
F(s) s = + it F + it 2
2
136, ,
(9.5.1). ,
Z
|f (x)|x1 dx 6
0
Z
10 Z 1
p1 Z
p
p(1)
|f | dx
x
dx +
p0
p1 Z
|f | dx
p
p0 (1)
10
p
dx ,
.
, F(s) (9.5.1) .
, F(s)
Z Z Z
F(s) =
+
+
f (x)x1 xit dx = F1 (s) + F2 (s) + F3 (s).
0
> 0
1 + 6 6 1 .
p
p0
|F1 (s)| 6
Z
p1
10 Z
p
p(1)
dx = O( )
|f | dx
x
p0
(9.5.2)
272
[. ix
0, , |F1 (s)| <

s (9.5.2). , , |F3 (s)| < .
, F2 (s) 0 s
(9.5.2). , F 0 (9.5.2).
136 , F(s) (9.1.5)
s = 1 + it, , (9.5.1).
2
, F(s) , , (9.1.7).
136 c = 12 , ,
c, , 5.4.
9.6. ,
,
L2 , , , 136. ,
,
.
, f (x) Lp (0, ), 1 
> 2 q,
Z
|f | dx 6
Z
q Z
2
x |f | dx
2
2q
2q
2q
2
dx
< ,
f (x) Lq (0, ). , , f (x)

- ,
0
Lq . , f (x) Lp
0
L-, Lp Lp ,
.
, Lp Lp .

. , ,
h(x) = 2n
(n! 1 6 x 6 n! + 1, n = 2, 3, . . .)
h(x) = 0 x. h(x)
Lr
P
r, Lp , 2rn
9.7]
273
P
,
(n!)2 22n .
- h(x)
q X Z n!+1
q
X
2
1
cos n!x ,
Hc (x) =
cos xy dy = 2 2 sin x
n
2 n!1
x
2n

x O 1 , Hc (x) x
Lr r > 1 Lp 1 1,
Lp .
138. , f (x) Lp (0, )
- , , (9.1, 7), F(s) (I), (II), (III) 137 (IV)
t, L2 (, ) , (9.5.1).
. (I) .
f (x) Lr p < r < p0 , ,
F(s) (IV).
,
Z
1
1
+ it
F(s) =
f (x)x 2 x 2
dx,
0
21

1 < , .. 1 < < 1 .
0
2
p
p0
(II) . F(s) L2
s = c + it, (9.1.7) c , ,
c. f (x),
c.
Z
1
1
1
c
it
x 2 f (x) =
F(c + it)x 2
dt
2

1
c < 0 , L2
2
c, f (x) Lp . , 136, f (x)
.
x

f (x) L2 ,
9.7. . , f (x) A(, a), 0 < 6 , a < 21 , (I)

x = rei , r > 0, || < , (II)
O(|x|a ) x O(|x|a1+ ) x, || 6 < .
274
[. ix
139. , f (x) A(, a)

- , , (9.1.7), (s) (9.1.6)
a < < 1 a;
,
(9.7.1)
a + |t|
4
(9.7.2)
f (x)xs1 dx
(9.7.3)

(s) = O e
, (9.7.1), , , c
(9.7.1).
. (I) . ,
Z
a < < 1 a, F(s)

(9.7.1). , f (x) L2 , 136 ,
F(s) (9.1.5) = 1 , ,
2
(9.7.1), , , (s)
(9.1.6). , f (x) 31, =
b = 1 a.
F(s) 2s/2
,
(s) =
s
2
1

|t|
s
t 2
4
,
2 Ce
2
, (s) .
(II) , 31 136,
, .
9.8. .
; f (x) L-
A(, a)-.
140. f (x)
; , ,
q Z
Fc (x) = 2
f (y) cos xy dy
(9.8.1)
0
x, , ,
Z
F(s) =
f (x)xs1 dx
0
(9.8.2)
9.8]
275

1 < , > 0. ,
2
x Fc (x) = f (x),

, F(s) (9.1.5) 1 < .
2
. 1 < < 1 + ,
2
2
Z x
g(x) =
f () 1 d.
1
g(x) . <
Z X
Z X
s1
f (x)x dx =
g 0 (x)xs dx =
1
(s )
g(x)xs1 dx =
1
Z X

1
= O(1) + O |s|
x
dx = O(|t|)
= g(X)X
X. ,
Z
f (x)xs1 dx = O(|t|)
1/X
> 1 . ,
2
Z X
f (x)xs1 dx = O(|t|)
1/X

1
, < .
2
,
1
2i
1
+i
2
x3s
ds =
1
(s 1)(s 2)(s 3)
i
2
s
1
x
Z
Z
+i
2
1
x3
=
f () d
ds =
1
2i 0
i (s 1)(s 2)(s 3)
2
Z
1 x
=
f ()(x )2 d,
2 0
1
2i
F(s)
1
+i
2
1
i
2
(s) cos s
2
F(1 s)x3s ds =
(s 1)(s 2)(s 3)
276
1
=
2i
[. ix
1
+i
2
(s 3) cos s F(1 s)x3s ds =

2
Z
Z 1 +i
2
x3
=
(s 3) cos s (x)s ds =
f () d
2
1
2i 0
i
2
Z
Z 5 +i
2
1
f ()
=
d
(s) sin s (x)s ds =
3
2
5
2i 0
2 i
Z
sin x x
d.
=
f ()
3
0
1
i
2
, F(s) (9.1.5),
Z
q Z
1 x
x sin x
2
f ()(x ) d = 2
f ()
d.
0
2 0
3
, 118, (9.8.1)
Z x Z u
q Z
1 cos x
du
Fc (v) dv = 2
f ()
d.
0
2
0
0
,
(0, x) ;
Z
Z x Z Z u
1 x
2
f ()(x ) d =
d
du
Fc (v) dv.
2 0
0
0
0
, , f (x) = Fc (x) x.
, f (x) = Fc (x) x, ,
q
Z 1 +i F(s) 2 (s) cos s F(1 s)
2
1
2
xs ds = 0
2i 21 i
(s 1)(s 2)(s 3)
x. L, ( 32).
F(s) (9.1.5) = 21 , , .
, f (x), 32, (9.1.7) (C, 1).
9.9. . ( f (x) = 1/ x)
(9.8.2) s,
, (9.1.5),
F+ (s), F (s).
, .
9.9]
277
141. (w) a1 6 v 6 a2 ,
(u + iv) L(, ) ( L2 (, )) u
v . , ,
(w) b1 6 v 6 b2 , b2 < a1 ,
x
Z ia+
Z ib+
ixw
e
(w) dw +
eixw (w) dw = 0,
(9.9.1)
ia
ib
a1 < a < a2 , b1 < b < b2 . b1 < v < a2 ,

, u
.
. ,
L. (9.9.1) eix , = + i, a < < a2 ,
x 0 . ,

Z ib+
Z ia+
(w)
(w)
dw +
dw = 0 (a < < a2 ).
(9.9.2)
ib w
ia w
, ,
v = a2 .
Z ia2 +
Z ib+
(w)
(w)
dw +
dw = 2i () (a < < a2 ). (9.9.3)
ia2 w
ib w
b < < a2 . 2i() .
, (9.9.1) eix , b1 < < b, x
0, (9.9.2) b1 < < b. , , = b1 ,
Z ia+
Z ib1 +
(w)
(w)
dw +
dw = 2i () (b1 < < b). (9.9.4)
ia w
ib1 w
2i()
b1 < < a.
b < < a, ,
(9.9.3) (9.9.4) .
() = ()
.
,
Z

ia2 +
ia2

(w)
dw 6
w
278
[. ix
Z U Z
Z U
1
1
6
+
|(u + ia2 )| du +
|(u + ia2 )| du,
|a2 |
|U | U
U
, , U, .
(9.9.3). , () 0 .
, L2 , (9.9.2)
(9.9.1) , , ;

Z ia2 +
sZ U
Z U

(w)
du

dw 6
|(u + ia2 )|2 du +

2
w
|w
|
ia2
sZ
Z
Z U
du
1
2
+
|(u + ia2 )| du +
|(u + ia2 )| du,
2
|U | U
U |w |
U
U, .
9.10. .
142. f (x)
x ,
q Z
f (y) cos xy dy
(9.10.1)
f (x) = 2
0
x.
Z +i
Z +i
1
1
s
f (x) =
F+ (s)x ds +
F (s)xs ds
(9.10.2)
2i i
2i i
( < 0, < 1),
(C, 1). F (s)

< 0, F+ (s) > 1,
2
s
F+ (s)
F (1 s)(s) cos
,
2
q
(9.10.3)
2
s
F (s)
F (1 s)(s) cos
+
2
0 6 6 1, , ,
s = 0, .
.
Z x
Z x
f1 (x) =
f (u) du,
f2 (x) =
f1 (u) du
0
9.10]
279
.. , 113, (9.10.1)
q Z
1 cos xy
f2 (x) = 2
f (y)
dy.
(9.10.4)
0
y2
F (s) =
s1
f (x)x
dx,
F+ (s) =
f (x)xs1 dx.
0
, , , < 0 > 1.
, (C, 1)- 24 ,
(9.10.2).
Z 1 +i
2
x2s
1
(x) =
F (s)
ds
2i 21 i
(s 1)(s 2)
Z 1 +i q
2
x2s
1
2 F (1 s)(s) cos s
ds +
+
2 (s 1)(s 2)
2i 21 i
Z 3 +i
2
x2s
1
F+ (s)
+
ds
2i 23 i
(s 1)(s 2)
Z 3 +i q
2
1
x2s
2 F (1 s)(s) cos s
ds =

2 (s 1)(s 2)
2i 23 i
= 1 (x) + 2 (x) + 3 (x) + 4 (x).
, , F (s), F+ (s), .
1s
x
Z
Z 1 +i
2
x
y
1 (x) =
f (y) dy
ds =
2i 1
21 i (s 1)(s 2)
Z x
f (y)(x y) dy (x > 1),

=
1
0
(x < 1),
1s
x
Z 1
Z 3 +i
2
x
y
3 (x) =
f (y) dy
ds =
3
2i 0
(s
1)(s
2)
i
2
Z 1
yf (y) dy
(x > 1),
0
=
Z x
Z 1
yf (y) dy x
f (y) dy (x < 1),
280
1 (x) + 3 (x) =
f (y)(x y) dy x
[. ix
f (y) dy
0
x > 0. ,
Z 1
Z 1 +i
q
2
x2
2
2 (x) =
f (y) dy
(s 2) cos s (xy)s ds =
2i 0
2
1
2 i
x2 y 2
q Z 1
cos xy 1
2 dy,
f (y)
= 2
0
y2
Z
Z 3 +i
q
2
x2
2
4 (x) =
(s 2) cos s (xy)s ds =
f (y) dy
2i 1
2
3
i
2
q Z
cos xy 1
dy.
= 2
f (y)
1
y2

q Z
1 cos xy
f (y)
dy + ax + bx2 ,
(x) = f2 (x) 2
0
y2
a b . , (9.10.4),
Z 1 +i
q
2
F (s) 2 F+ (1 s)(s) cos s +
2
1
2 i

x2s
s1
ds +
+ a + 2b
s
(s 1)(s 2)
Z 3 +i
q
2
+
F+ (s) 2 F (1 s)(s) cos s
2
3
i
2

s1
x2s
a 2b
ds = 0
s
(s 1)(s 2)
x. 141.
, f (x)
, (9.10.1) x. , s 3.
9.11. . , 9.2. , ,
9.11]
281
. , f (x)
A (, a), 0 < 6 , 0 < a < 1 , (I) f (x)
4
2
x = rei , A , r > 0,

1
1
a
a +
2
2
|| < , (II) f (x) O |x|
x O |x|
x,
|| 6 < .
143. , f (x) A (, a)
- , , (9.2.4), c
, , .. (c iT, c + iT ), (s)
:
(I) (s) = (ei ) s,
B(, a), > 0, || < + 2;

a 2
a

+
2
(II) (s) O |s|
s O |s| 2
s,
|| 6 +
2
+ 2 < + 2;
2
(III) (s) B(, a) (9.2.3).
.
31. , ,
(9.2.3) , f (x) .
(9.2.4),
Z c+i x2 s/2
Z c+i
1
e
1
1
2
1/4
f1 (x) =
(s)s
ds =
ex s/2 (s)s5/4 ds,
2i ci
s
2i ci
,
, . .
Z c+i
y2
sin xy
x2 s
4s s3/2 ds,
=
e
y
4i ci

Z c+i
Z
Z
y2
sin xy
x2 s 3/2
f (y)
dy =
e s
ds
f (y)e 4s dy =
y
4i
0
ci
0
Z c+i

2
ds =
ex s s3/2 1
=
4i ci
2s
Z c+i

2
2
=
ex s/2 s5/4 1 ds,
s
4i ci
282
[. ix
. ,

Z c+i
q Z
1
1
sin xy
x2 s/2 5/4
2
f1 (x)
f (y)
dy =
e
s
(s)
ds,
0
y
2i ci
s
(9.2.3) , .
9.12. .
2
(1) (9.1.7) (9.1.9) (s) = 1, f (x) = 2ex /2
2
- f (x) = 2(32)/4 x+1/2 ex /2
. 139 ( a fortiori )
.

1
s , P (u)
(s) = P
2
, 1, ,
2 n
X
1
f (x) = 2
P 2n + 1 x
2
2
n!
n=0
- . P (u) 2
, f (x) = ex /2 Q(x2 ), Q(u) .
()
(2) Tn (x) 1
Tn() (x)
n
X
k=0
(1)nk xk
.
k! (n k)! (k + + 1)
f (x) = ex/2 x Tn() (x),
(s) =
=
=
n
X
k=0
n
X
k=0
esx f (x) dx =
(1)nk
k! (n k)! (k + + 1)
e(s+1/2)x xk+ dx =
(1)nk
1
1
=

k++1
k! (n k)! s + 1
n!
2
n
s
n++1 .
+s
1
2
1
2

L()
n (x)
n
X
(n + + 1)
k=0
(x)k
(k + + 1) k! (n k)!
. E.G.A.
( > 1),
9.12]
g(x) = ex
2 /2
283
x+1/2 Tn() (x2 ),
(s) = s
(+1)/2
s(+1)/2
=
2
ex
2 s/2
x+1/2 g(x) dx =
s/2
1 1 s n
2 1/2
1/2
.
f () d =
s +s
n!
1+s

(s) = (1)n 1 ,
s
g(x) R , n.1
Dn (x) n
2n
2
Tn(1/2) (x2 ) =
ex /2 D2n (x 2)
(2n)!
2n+1/2
2
ex /2 D2n+1 (x 2).
(2n + 1)!
, D2n (x 2) Rc , D2n+1 (x 2) Rs , , n. ( 3.8). , ,
H2n (x) = (2n)! Tn(1/2) (x2 ),

H2n+1 (x) = (2n + 1)! xTn(1/2) (x2 ).
= 1
2
Z
Z c+i
1
sx 2
e f (x) dx =
(w)(s w) dw =
2i ci
0

1 w n 1 s+w n
Z c+i
1
2
2
=

n+3/2
n+3/2 dw.
2i (n!)2 ci 1
1
+w
+sw
2
2
(s) w = w 0 + 1 ,
2
h
2
i
1 s w 02 n
Z c0 +i
1
2
0
(s) =
h
2
in+3/2 dw .
2i (n!)2 c0 i
1 + s w 02
2
xTn(1/2) (x2 ) =
A. Milne (1), B.M. Wilson (1).
284
[. ix
00
s 1 w 0 = w , ,
s
s

1 = s2 (s).
s

Z
2
2
1 (s) = s
x1/2 D2n+1
(x) ex s/2 x3/2 dx,
0
[(2n + 1)!]2
s(s),
22n+1
(s) (9.2.3). 1 ,
1 (s) =
2
x1/2 D2n+1
(x)
R1 .
( ) n
Z
2
ex /4 txt2 /2 n1
e
t
dt.
Dn (x) =
(n) 0

n
+
s
(s)
2
2
xs1 ex /4 Dn (x) dx = (n+s)/2+1
.
2
(n)
0
9.1 , 2
x+1/2 ex
R .
(3) f (x) =
2 /4
D23 (x),
x1/2 ex
2 /4
D2 (x)
1q , ,
ch x
2
s/2
F(s) = 2 2
(s)L(s),
X
(1)k
L(s) =
(2k + 1)s
k=0
(9.12.1)
F(s) (9.1.5) L(s) ( 2.11). 139.
1
1
f (x) =
,
x
2
e
1 x 2
1
2
Mitra (1), Watson (4).

Varma (1).
9.12]
285
, F(s) = (2)s/2 (s)(s). = 1

2
9.1,

s (s)
1
(s)
2
(s) =
=
,
2
s/2
s(s 1)
(s) - . 139
- .
, L- , . , ,

x
ch
1
2
,
q
ch(x )
2 ch x 2 + 1
3
Rc ;

X
1
1
k
L1 (s) =
(1)
+
,
(4k + 1)s (4k + 3)s
k=0

X
1
1
.
L2 (s) =
(3k + 1)s (3k + 2)s
k=0
,

x
sh
2
,
ch(x )
q
sh x
6
q
2 ch x 2 1
3
Rs ;

X
1
1
k
L3 (s) =
(1)
,
(4k + 1)s (4k + 3)s
k=0

X
1
1
k
L4 (s) =
(1)
.
s
s
(6k
+
1)
(6k
+
5)
k=0
(4) (7.1.8), (7.1.9),

2

f (x) = cos x
2
8
- . L-, 140.
(9.8.2) 0 < < 2,

F(s) = 2s/21 s cos s 1
2
2 4
(9.1.5).
286
[. ix
(5) f (x) = 1 -x
142.
1
1
,
F (s) =
,
F+ (s) =
s 1
s 1
2
2
q
q
1 2 (s) cos s
2 ;
F+ (s) 2 F (1 s)(s) cos s =
2
1
s
2
s = 0
> 0.

2(1a)/2 1 a
2a/2 a
2
2
+
(0 < a < 1).
f (x) =
a
1a
x
x
(6) (7.5.6) (7.5.7) ,
Rc , (7.5.10)
2
2
cos x + sin x
2 q 2
ch x
2
2
sin x
q2
sh x
2
Rs . 139 143, (s) (s)
.
(7)
2
f (x) = x J/2 x ,
2

,
(s) =
5
+
s
7
s
(2+3)/4
2
+
8
4
8
4
(s) = (1 s). 140, f (x)
. , f (x)
x+1/2 x x1/2 x L2 , Lp p 6 2.
= 1
2
q Z
2
2
y
2
y J1/4
cos xy dy = x J1/4 x .
0
2
2
9.12]
287
x,
q Z
2
2
y
2
y 5/2 J1/4
cos xy dy = x5/2 J1/4 x .
0
2
2
, (C, 1),
. ,
, 1 .
(8) b > 0

0
(0 < x < b),
f (x) =
1/2
2
2 (1)/4
2
2
(x > b).
x
(x b )
J(1)/2 (b x b )
, (7.11.6),
Z
F(s) =
xs1/2 (x2 b2 )(1)/4 J(1)/2 (b x2 b2 ) dx =
b
Z
s/2
=b
(1 + u2 )(2s23)/4 u(+1)/2 J(1)/2 (b2 u) du =
0
b(1)/2 K(12s)/4 (b2 )

,
=
3
s
(22s1)/4
2
+
4
2
K (x) , , F(s) (9.1.8).

+1
1
f (x) O (xb) 2 x = b O x 2
;
L2 , > 0, Lp Lp ,

> 1 2 . 1 < 6 0 140.
p
(9)

x+1/2
2 + a2
K
a
x
(a > 0)
f (x) = 2
(+1)/2
(x + a2 )(+1)/4
2
p
Z
K (a y 2 + a2 ) +1
y J (xy) dy =
(y 2 + a2 )/2
0
2
1

x
x + a2
=
K1 a x2 + a2
a
a
R . 3
1
Mehrotra (8).
, 13.47 (2). [. .. , , 2- .,
. 151, (31).]
3
, 13.47 (6). [. .. , , 2- .,
. 151, (34).]
2
288
[. ix
K (a x2 + a2 ) 2+1
2
x
dx
=
( + 1)K1 (a2 )
(x2 + a2 )/2
a
(+1)/2
(s) = 25/4 2
K(2s1)/4 (a2 ).
a
9.13. .
1 .
r(n) n
,
X0
P (x) =
r(n) x,
(9.13.1)
06n6x
, x
21 .
2

1
x
f (x) = P
1
(9.13.2)
x x
2
R2 .
, , f (x) = O( x) x 0.
, P (x) = O( x) x ,
,
2 , P (x) = O( 3 x). f (x) = O(x5/6 )
x . , f (x) L2 Lp Lp
p > 56 .
F(s) =
x2
P
2

2s3 Z

5
4
2s7
(2)
s
1 x 2 dx =
P (x) 1 x 4 dx,
2
0
, F(s) 21 < < 56 .

2s7
2s7
Z X
Z X
4
r(n) x x
dx =
+
r(n) x x 4 dx,
1
s
0
1
+
16n6x
16n6x
2 4
F(s)
< 21 , F(s) s = 21 .
< 12 ,
Z
2s7
(x)x 4 dx =
s+1
1
2 4
1
2
. Hardy (17), Hardy and Titchmarsh (4), 212213.

L a n d a u, Vorlesungen u
ber Zahlentheorie, Bd. 2, S. 204208.
9.13]
289
2s7
r(n) x 4
dx =
16n6x
Z
X
k=1
k+1
2s7
r(1) + . . . + r(k) x 4 dx =
X

(k + 1)
=
r(1) + . . . + r(k)
k=1
1
s3
2 4
r(k)k
2s3
4
k=1
Z(s) =
X
r(n)
n=1
ns
2s3
4
k
s3
2
4

Z 3s
4 2
,
=
3s
4 2
2s3
4
= 4(s)L(s),
L(s) (9.12.1).

3s
2s3 Z
1
4 2
F(s) = (2) 4
.
3s
2
4 2
(s)
Z(s),
Z(1 s) = 12s
(1 s)
(s) L(s) (.
. 76 78), 1 .
F(s) (9.1.8) = 2, , , f (x) R2 .
136 J2 - , (9.1.3), = 2, . ,
..
2
Z
2

p
1
1
y
P
1 =
1 J2 (y) y dy (9.13.3)
P
2
y y
2

0
. 58 J2 -. ,
,
8.18.
Z
Z
J (uy) uy f (y) dy
J (xu) xu du
0
. f (x) L2 ,
, 1
., , Mordell (2), Potter (1).
290
[. ix
,
. ,
8.18.
(9.13.3) y = t , = 2x,

Z
Z 2
P (x) 1
J2 (t)
t
J2 (t)
1
t2
1
=
P
dt =
P
dt .
2
2
2x
4 x
t
4 x
t
2
0
0
(N +1)x

2
t
J2 (t)
P
dt =
4 2 x
t
0

N Z 2 (n+1)x
X
t2 J2 (t)
r(0) + . . . + r(n)
=
dt =
4x
t
n=0 2 nx
p

N
X

J1 (2 nx) J1 (2 (n + 1)x)
p
=
r(0) + . . . + r(n)
2 nx
2 (n + 1)x
n=0
Z 2(N +1)x
1
tJ2 (t) dt =
4x 0
p
N
X
J1 (2 (N + 1)x)
J1 (2 nx)
p
=
r(n)
r(0) + . . . + r(N)
2
nx
2
(N
+
1)x
n=0

Z
p

p
1
J1 (t) dt + o(1)
2 (N + 1)x J1 2 (N + 1)x + 2
4x
0
p

N x. , J1 2 (N + 1)x ,
p

J1 (2 (N + 1)x)

p
r(0) + . . . + r(N) (N + 1)
= O N 1/4 ,
2 (N + 1)x
Z

J1 (t) dt = 1, 1

P (x) =
r(n)
J1 (2 nx).
x
n
n=1
(9.13.4)
2 3 , rp (n) n p ,
1
2
3
. Hardy and Landau (1), Hardy (15).

Walfisz (1), (2).
Oppenheim (1).
9.14]
Pp (x) =
291
(x)p/2
,
rp (n)
p
1+
06n6x
2
X0
Pp (x) = xp/4
X
rp (n)
Jp/2 (2 nx),
np/4
. ,
2

x
(1+p)/2
x
Pp
1
2
n=1
R1+p/2 . p = 3 ,

43
P3 (x) = O x 58 + , , f (x) 136.
p.
p = 1, ,

x
1 x

,
f (x) =
x
2
2
[u] u, R3/2 , .
9.14. , ,
1 .
:
1. f (x) - (-)
,
Z
g(x) =
ext f (t) dt
(9.14.1)
- (-) .
, , f (x) ,
Z
q Z
q Z
2
2
g(t) sin xt dt =
sin xt dt
ety f (y) dy =
0
0
0
Z
q Z
q Z
x
ty
2
=
f (y) dy
e sin xt dt = 2
f (y) 2
dy.
0
0
x + y2
0
q
2 2 x 2 - exy , f (y)
x +y
-.
1
Phillips (1), Hardy and Titchmarsh (6), Mehrotra (1), (6).
292
[. ix
-
Z
q Z
x
2
exy f (y) dy = g(x),
f (y) 2
dy =
0
x + y2
0
.
q Z
1
f (t) = q , g(x) = 2
f (t) sin xt dt
0
ch t
2
. 1 .
2. f (x) R
Z c+i

1
+s
2s 1 +
1 + + s (s)xs ds, (9.14.2)
k(x) =
4
2
4
2
2i ci
(s) = (1 s),
g(x) =
f (y)k(xy) dy
(9.14.3)
(9.14.4)
R .
, f (x)
Z c+i

1
+s
s/2
1
f (x) =
+
(s)xs ds,
2
4
2
2i ci
(9.14.5)
(s) = (1 s). (2.1.22),

Z c+i

1
s
(1s)/2
3
g(x) =
2
+
(1 s)
4
2
2i ci

+s
2s 1 +
1 + + s (s)xs ds =
4
2
4
2
Z c+i

1
=
2s/2 1 + + s 1 (s)xs ds,
4
2
2i ci
1 (s) =

s
+s
2 3 +
1+
(1 s)(s).
4
2
4
2
1 (s) = 1 (1 s),
g(x) , (9.14.5), . 2.
9.14]
293
, , R R , .
= 21 , = 12 , , ,
Rc Rs ( ):
Z
2 c+i
k(x) =
(s)(s)xs ds,
2i ci
1 (s) (9.14.3). (s) =
2
1.

1
1
3

,

,
(s) =
s 1 2 s ,
3
3
4
2 1+s 1 s
s 1s
2
2
2
2
, ,

x/2 1/6
k(x) = J0 (x), xJ0 (x), e x
K1/6 x .
2
(s) = 2
k(x) = x
+3
2
,
++1
2
K
(x);
2
, K0 (x) Rc .

1
2 2

,
(s) =
+s
s
1+
3+
4
2
4
2
k(x) = x
+1
2
J
+ (x);
2
2 2

,
(s) =
1
+
s
3
+
4
2
4
2
k(x) =
+1
x 2 J
+ (x).
2
, , ,
, 1.
294
[. ix
9.15. ,
. , , 1,
Z
Z
Z
f (t)
xy
yt
g(x) =
e
dy
e f (t) dt =
dt
(9.15.1)
x+t
0
0
0
, Rc (Rs ), f (x) Rc (Rs ).

.
Z

y
1
g(x) =
f (y)k
dy,
(9.15.2)
x 0
x
k(u) = 1 . 1+u
.
3. f (x) R ,
Z c+i

1
+s
1+
k(x) =
3 + s (s)xs ds,
(9.15.3)
4
2
4
2
2i ci
(s) = (1 s), (9.15.2) R .
, f (x) (9.14.5), (2.1.17)
Z c+i

1
g(x) =
2s/2 1 + + s 1 (s)xs ds,
4
2
2i ci

+s
s
1 (s) = 1 +
3+
(s)(1 s).
4
2
4
2
, .
, = , (9.15.3)
Z c+i
1
k(x) =
1 (s)xs ds,
2i ci
1 (s) = 1 (1 s),

k 1 = xk(x).
(9.15.4)
x
4. f (x) R , k(x)
(9.15.4), g(x), (9.15.2), R .
, .

1
k(x) =
(1 + x )1/
, ,
9.15]
k(x) =
295
x(1)/2
.
(1 + x )
f (x) = ex /2 x+1/2 , R , = 2,
= 1 , ,
Z

+1/2
y 2 1
y 2 /2 +1/2 y
1
g(x) =
dy =
e
y
1+ 2
x 0
x
x
Z
2
2
= x+1/2 ex /2
et /2 t21 dt
x
( x + y = t ) R . 1 ,
Z
2
x2 /2
e
et /2 dt
x
Rs .
2
f (x) = ex /2 x+1/2 , 4 R :
Z
2 2
+1/2
g(x) = x
ex y /2 y +1/2 h(y) dy,
0

h(y) = h 1 .
y
= 21 , = 12
5. f (x) Rc ,
Z
1 c+i (s) s
k(x) =
x ds,
2i ci sin s
2
(s) = (1 s),
Z

y
1
g(x) =
f (y)k
dy
x 0
x
Rs .
, (s) = 1,
Z
1
f (y)
k(x) =
g(x) = x
dy.
2
2
1+x
x + y2
0

,
(s) =
1+s 1 s
2
2
(
Z x
1
(0 < x < 1),
f (y)
2
1x
p
dy .
g(x) =
k(x) =
x2 y 2
0
0
(x > 1)
1
Hardy (1).
296
[. ix
, , Rs Rc .
9.16. .

1 . , 2.

.
144. f (x) k(x) L2 (0, ),
f (x) R .
Z
g(x) =
f (y)k(xy) dy
(9.16.1)
0
L (0, ). , g(x)
R , , K(s) k(x)

+s
1 + + s (s),
(9.16.2)
K(s) = 2s 1 +
4
2
4
2
(s) = (1 s),
(9.16.2)
1
2 1
L 2 i, 2 + i .
. 72, g(x) k(xy),
Z
Z 1 +i
2
1
f (y)k(xy) dy =
F(s)K(1 s)y s1 ds.
1
2i
0
i
2
g(x)
G(s) = F(1 s)K(s).
136 R ,

+s
F(s) = 2s/2 1 +
(s),
4
2
(s) = (1 s). g(x) R ,

G(s) = 2s/2 1 + + s (s),
4
2
(s) = (1 s).

2s/2 1 + + s (s)
2
4
,
K(s) =
s
2(1s)/2 3 +
(1 s)
4
2
.. K(s) (9.16.2)
1
., , Mehrotra (1).
9.17]
(s) =
297

(s)
+s
s
2 1 +
3+
,
4
2
4
2
(1 s)
(s) = (1 s). (9.16.2)

. ,
, .
9.17.

1 x
x

f (x) =
,
x
2
2
R3/2 . k(x) , Rc R . , 3,
Z c+i

1
k(x) =
2s s 1 + + s (s)xs ds,
2
4
2
2i ci
Z

1 c+i s
0
xk (x) =
2 1 + s 1 + + s (s)xs ds
2
4
2
i ci
, R3/2 R .

Z
Z n2
X
y
0
n + 1 k 0 (xy) dy =
g(x) =
f (y) xy k (xy) dy =
x
2
0
(n1) 2
n=1

Z n2
X
n 2
y
1
n + 1 k(xy)
=
k(xy) dy =
2
2
(n1)
2
2
(n1)
n=1
Z
1
k(u) du
k(nx 2)
=
2 x 0
n=1
R .
.
Z c+i
1
k(x) =
K(s)xs ds
(c > 0).
2i ci
Z c0 +i
1
k(nx 2) =
(c0 > 1),
K(s)
(nx 2)s ds
2i
0
c i
n=1
n=1
Z c0 +i
1
K(s)(2)s/2(s)xs ds =
=
2i c0 i
Z c+i
1
K(1)
.
=
K(s)(2)s/2(s)xs ds +
2i ci
2 x
298
Z c+i
1
K(s)(2)s/2(s)xs ds.
g(x) =
2i ci
k(x) Rc R , , 3,

K(s) = 2s s 1 + + s (s),
2
4
2
(s) = (1 s).

G(s) = K(s)(2)s/2(s) = 2s/2 1 + + s 1 (s),
4
2

1 (s) = s/2 s (s)(s).
2
, (s),
1 (s) = 1 (1 s).
, (9.1.9), g(x) R .
, k(x) = ex , = 21 ,
g(x) =
1
x 2
1
1 x 2
Rs , 9.12 (3).
k(x) = J0 (x) Rs 1
q
X
X
1
J0 (nx 2) 1 = 2
1.
2 2n2
2
x
x
2
x
n=1
n<
2
k(x) = x
X
n=1
R .
1
2
2+1
4 K
2+1 (x),
4
2 ,
2+1
2
(nx 2) 4 K 2+1 (nx 2)
. 2.10 (VI).
Watson (1).
25
4

2 + 3
4
x
[. ix
10.1. . . ( ) , , ,
, - ,
.
.
, ,
.
.
, , . , . ,
.
, ,
a priori .
10.2. . , 1 . ,
, 33 34.

2
d
d
d
dt2 4 dt x dt 1 y = 0,

2

(10.2.1)
d
d
d
+6 x+
y = 0,
dt
dt2 dt
1
Bromwich (1).
300
[. x
x(0) = x0 , x0 (0) = x1 , y(0) = y0 , y 0(0) = y1

.
a priori, x(t) y(t) . ,
y
x000 (t) + c1 x00 (t) + c2 x0 (t) + c3 x(t) = 0,
x(n+3) (t) + c1 x(n+2) (t) + c2 x(n+1) (t) + c3 x(n) (t) = 0.

|x(m) (t)| 6 K m (t) m = 1, 2, . . . , n + 2, ,

|x(n+3) (t)| 6 |c1 | + |c2 | + |c3 | K n+2 (t) 6 K n+3 (t),
, K(t) > 1, K(t) > |c1 | + |c2 | + |c3 |. x(t)

,
(n)

X x (0) tn X
K n (0) |t|n

6
= eK(0)|t| ,
|x(t)| =

n!
n!
n=0
n=0
x(t) . y(t).
, 33,
Z
Z
1
1
wt
x(t) =
e (w) dw,
y(t) =
ewt (w) dw,
(10.2.2)
2i C
2i C
(w) (w) |w| > R R
, C , |w| = R.

Z

ewt (w)(w 2 4w) (w)(w 1) dw = 0,

Z
C
(10.2.3)

ewt (w)(w + 6) + (w)(w 2 w) dw = 0.

C
(w)(w 2 4w) (w)(w 1) = p(w),

(w)(w + 6) + (w)(w 2 w) = q(w).
(10.2.4)
p(w) = a + bw,
(10.2.5)
p(w) q(w) |w| > R, . , 34,

w, ,
q(w) = + w.
10.3]
301
, (10.2.2),
1
x0 =
2i
(w) dw,
C
, ,
1
x1 =
2i
(w)w dw,
C

x0
x1
1
(w) =
+ 2 +O
w
w
|w|3
(10.2.6)

y1
1
y0
+ 2 +O
.
(w) =
w
w
|w|3
(10.2.7)
|w|.
(10.2.5), (10.2.6), (10.2.7) (10.2.4) ,

p(w) = (w 4)x0 + x1 y0 ,
q(w) = x0 + (w 1)y0 + y1 .
(10.2.4) ,
wp(w) + q(w)
,
(w + 1)(w 2)(w 3)
(w + 6)p(w) + (w 2 4w)q(w)
.
(w) =
(w 2 1)(w 2)(w 3)
(w) =
3 x(t) y(t) (10.2.2)

. , w = 1 x(t)
p(1) + q(1) t 6x0 x1 y0 + y1 t

e =
e .
12
12
, .

2
dx
dx
dt2 + 2n dt + n x = 0,
2
d y + 2n dy + n2 y = dx ,
dt2
dt
dt
0
0
x(0) = 0, x (0) = , y(0) = 0, y (0) = 0.
J e f f r e y s, Operational Methods, 3.31, .
10.3. ,
m, , ,
m , -
302
[. x
m-
. , ,

d2 z
1 dz
2
+
+ 1 2 z = 0,
dx2 x dx
x
> 0. z = x y,
d2 y 2 + 1 dy
+
+ y = 0.
dx2
x dx
,
.
Z
1
exw (w) dw.
y=
2i C
xy
Z
1
=
exw 0 (w) dw,
2i C
Z
1
=
exw w(w) dw,
2i C
Z

1
=
exw 2w(w) + w 2 0 (w) dw,
2i C
dy
dx
d2 y
x 2
dx
,
Z

exw (1 + w 2 ) 0 (w) (2 1)w(w) dw = 0.
C
. , 34,
(1 + w 2 ) 0 (w) (2 1)w(w) = a,
Z
dw
2 1/2
(w) = a(1 + w )
+ b(1 + w 2 )1/2 .
(1 + w 2 )+1/2
(w) , b = 0,
Z
d
2 1/2
(w) = a(1 + w )
,
2 +1/2
w (1 + )
(1 + w 2 )1/2 (1 + 2 )+1/2 ,
, ,
i i.
Z
Z
d
a
xw
2 1/2
e (1 + w )
dw
.
y=
2 +1/2
2i C
w (1 + )
10.4]
303
.
w 0 i w 0 , .. i.
Z
d
0
2 1/2
(w) (w ) = a(1 + w )
2 +1/2
w (1 + )
Z
d
2i(1/2)
2 1/2
ae
(1 + w )
.
(1 + 2)+1/2
w
d
= e2i(+1/2)
2
+1/2
(1 + )
,
+1/2
(1 + 2 )1
1 ,
i i i i.
Z
d
0
2 1/2
= aK(1 + w 2 )1/2 ,
(w) (w ) = a(1 + w )
+1/2
2
(1 + )1
w
K . ,
Z 1
Z 1
ixv
2 1/2
y = K1
e (1 v )
dv = K2
(1 v 2 )1/2 cos xv dv.
1
10.4. z = x y, x2 = 4t,
d2 y
dy
t 2 + (1 ) + y = 0.
(10.4.1)
dt
dt
, z = J (x),
. y(t),
y(t) = O(ect ) t c, y(0) = 0.
24, .

y(t) (t > 0),
f (t) =
0 (t < 0).
F (w) = 0, F+ (w)
1
Y (w) =
2
eiwt y(t) dt
(10.4.2)
v > c. y(t)
, 24
Z ia+
1
lim
eiwt Y (w) dw
(10.4.3)
y(t) =
2
ia
t > 0, a > c.
304
(10.4.2) ,
Z
1
eiwt y 0(t) dt
2 Y (w) =
iw 0
[. x
(10.4.4)
( ). ,
Z
Z

1 iwt
0
iwt
2 Y (w) =
e ity(t) dt =
e y(t) + ty 0(t) dt. (10.4.5)
w 0
0
(10.4.1),

1
0
eiwt 2y 0(t) + ty 00 (t) dt =
2 Y (w) = 2
iw 0
Z

1
= 2
eiwt ( + 1)y 0(t) y(t) dt.
(10.4.6)
iw 0
, , (10.4.4);

eiwt
2 y(t) + ty 0 (t)
iw
t
0.
(10.4.2), (10.4.4) (10.4.6) ,

1
+1
0
2 Y (w).
Y (w) =
w
iw
Z ia+ iwt + iw1

K
e
y(t) =
dw.
w +1
2 ia
(7.13.9)

/2
t J (2 t).
e iw
Y (w) = K +1 ,
w
10.5. .
d2 y
+ k 2 y = (t)
(t > 0),
2
dt
O(ect ) t . v > c,
,
Z
Z
y(0) y 0 (0)
1
iwt
2 Y (w) =
e y(t) dt =
2 2
eiwt y 00(t) dt.
iw
w
w 0
0
10.6]
305
Z

1
e (t) dt =
eiwt y 00(t) + k 2 y(t) dt =
2 0
0
0
iwy(0)
y
(0)
= w 2 Y (w) +
+ k 2 Y (w),
2
2
1
(w) =
2
iwt
..
(w)
1 iwy(0) y 0 (0)
.
k2 w2
k2 w2
2
, a, , a > k,

Z ia+
1 iwy(0) y 0(0)
1
(w)
iwt
dw.
y(t) =
lim
e
k2 w2
k2 w2
2 ia
2
Y (w) =
, (w)
, .
Z
Z ia+ iw(xt)
Z
1
e
1 t
(x) dx
dw =
(x) sin k(t x) dx,
2
2
2 0
k 0
ia k w
.

y(0) cos kt + y 0 (0)
sin kt
.
k
,
Z
sin kt 1 t
0
(x) sin k(t x) dx.
y(t) = y(0) cos kt + y (0)
+
k
k 0
10.6. .
v(x, t)
v
2v
= 2
t
x
( < x < , t > 0)
(10.6.1)
,
v(x, 0) = f (x)
( < x < ).
, v , t x
1 .
1
R i e m a n nW e b e r, 2, 36; , , 16.
306
[. x
.
Z
1
V (, t) =
eix v(x, t) dx.
2
, , ,
Z
Z
V
1
2v
1
ix v
e
eix 2 dx =
=
dx =
t
t
x
2
2
2 Z
eix v dx = 2 V.
=
2
V (, t) = e t A(),
A() . t = 0
Z
1
eix f (x) dx = F (),
A() =
2
F f . ,
2
V (, t) = e t F (),

1
v(x, t) =
2
2 tix
F () d.
f (x),
Z
Z
1
2 tix
e
d
eiu f (u) du =
v(x, t) =
2
Z
Z
1
2
=
f (u) du
e ti(xu) d =
2
Z (xu)2
1
=
e 4t f (u) du.
2 t
(10.6.2)
, v(x, t) f (x) t 0,
.
, , L(, ). ,
, .
, |v(x, t)| < Kec|x| c t
v(x, t), .
.
10.6]
307
v(x, t) f (x) t 0 x.
|f (x)| < Kec|x| .
Z
Z 0
1
1
ix
eix v(x, t) dx,
e v(x, t) dx, V (, t) =
V+ (, t) =
2 0
2
= + i. V+ > c, V
< c. > c
Z
V+ Z ix v
2v
2
=
e
dx =
eix 2 dx =
t
t
x
0

Z0
v
v
i
= eix
eix
dx =

x 0
x
0

Z

ix v
ix
2
= e
i e v
eix v dx =

x 0
0
0
2
= vx (0, t) + iv(0, t) 2 V+ (, t).
,
(., , 10.5)
2 Z

e t t 2
2 t
e
vx (0, ) iv(0, ) d.
V+ (, t) = e
A()
2 0
t 0,
Z
1
A() = lim V+ (, t) =
eix f (x) dx = F+ (),
t0
2 0
, ,
v(x, t) f (x) x
,
|eix v(x, t)| < Ke(c)x .

2
V+ (, t) = e t F+ () (, t),
(, t) , .
, V , ,
2
V (, t) = e t F () + (, t),
, 24,
Z ia+
2

1
eix e t F+ () (, t) d +
lim
v(x, t) =
2 ia
Z ib+
2

1
eix e t F () + (, t) d.
+
lim
2 ib
308
[. x
, , , . , F+ ,
Z ia+
Z
1
2 tix
e
d
eiu f (u) du =
2 ia
0
Z
Z ia+
1
2
=
f (u) du
e ti(xu) d
2 0
ia
(
)
Z (xu)2
1
e 4t f (u) du.
=
2 t 0
, F ,
(10.6.2).
, , v(x, t) .
f (x), v(x, t) -
. , , v(x, t) (10.6.1),

2
x
1
1 x4t
e
v
, ,
t
t
t
v(x, t) = x ,
2
x x
e 4t
t t
, .
, t 0 x, . ,
x = 0 t 0 ( , , , x = t), , ,
.
10.7. v(x, t)
v
2v
= 2
(x > 0, t > 0)
t
x
, v(x, 0) = 0 (x > 0), v(0, t) = f (t) (t > 0).
1 ,
0, ,
f (t) t.
1
R i e m a n nW e b e r, 2, 40; , , 22.
10.7]
309

q Z
Vs (, t) = 2
v(x, t) sin x dx.
0
q Z
Vs
v
= 2
sin x dx =
t
t
0
Z
q Z 2
q
v
v
2
2
=
sin x dx =
cos x dx =
0 x2
x
0
q
Z
q

2
v cos x +
v sin x dx = 2 f (t) 2 Vs ,
=
0
0
Z t
q
2
2 t
2 t
2
Vs = e
A() +
e
e u f (u) du.
v(x, 0) = 0, Vs (, 0) = 0 A() = 0. ,
Z
Z t
2
2 t
2
e
sin x d
e u f (u) du =
v(x, t) =
0
0
Z t
Z
2
= 2
f (u) du
e (ut) sin x d =
0
0
Z t
x2
f (u)
x
e 4(tu)
du.
=
2 0
(t u)3/2
, t 0 f (x), ,
, 13.
, v(x, t)
.
Z
1
V (, t) =
eix v(x, t) dx
( > c).
2 0
, ,
Z
V Z ix v
2v
2
=
e
dx =
eix 2 dx = vx (0, t) + if (t) 2 2V.
t
t
x
0
0
,
2 Z

e t t 2 u
2 t
e
if (u) vx (0, u) du.
V (, t) = e
A() +
2 0
, A() = 0. f (u) vx (0, u)
,

Z t
1
2 t
2u
O e
e || du = O
.
||
0
310
[. x
, L2 - ,
Z t
Z ia+
ix

1 d
1
2
2 t e
v(x, t) =
d
e u if (u) vx (0, u) du
e
2 dx ia
i
0
x > 0 v(x, t) = 0 x < 0. ,

, ,
, a 0. ,
f (u),
Z t
Z
1 d
2
f (u) du
(1 eix )e (ut) d =
2 dx 0
Z t
Z t
x2
x2
1 d
f (u)
x
f (u)
4(tu)
4(tu)
=
1e
e
du,
du =
2 dx 0
4 0
(t u)3/2
tu
x. x x ,
, .
10.8.
v
2v
= 2 2 v
t
x
, v(x, 0) = 0 (x > 0), v(0, t) = f (t) (t > 0).
, ,

q Z 2
q
Vs
v
2
2
=
v sin x dx = 2 f (t) 2 Vs 2 Vs ,
0
t
x2
Z t
q
2
2
( 2 +2 )t
( 2 +2 )t
2
Vs = e
A() +
e
e( + )u f (u) du.
, A() = 0,
Z t
Z
2
2
2
v(x, t) =
f (u) du
e( + )(ut) sin x d =
0
0
Z t 2
x2
x
f (u)
(t u)
4(tu)
=
e
du.
2 0
(t u)3/2
, .
10.9. 1
v
2v
= 2 2 v
(0 < x < l, t > 0)
t
x
, v(0, t) = v0 , v(x, 0) = 0, vx (l, t) = 0.
1
. J e f f r e y s, Operational Methods, p. 70.
10.9]
311
t , |v(x, t)| < Kec|t| x.

Z
1
( > c).
eit v(x, t) dt
V (x, ) =
2 0

Z
Z
2
2V
1
1
it v
it v
2
e
e
=
dt =
+ v dt =
x2
x2
t
2 0
2 0
Z
Z

i
2
1
it
it
e v dt +
eit v dt =
e v
=
0
2
2 0
2 0
2
= ( i)V
, ,
p
p
V = A() ch(x 2 i) + B() sh(x 2 i).
x = 0
v0
V (0, ) =
2
v0
eit dt = .
i 2
v0
A() = .
i 2
, x = l V = 0,
x
p
p
A() sh(l 2 i) + B() ch(l 2 i) = 0.
,
p
p

2 i) sh(x
2 i)
p
v0
sh(l
p
ch(x 2 i)
=
V =
i 2
ch(l 2 i)
p
v0 ch((x l) 2 i)
p
=
.
i 2
ch(l 2 i)
t > 0
v0
v(x, t) =
2i
ia+
ia
it
p
ch((x l) 2 i) d
p
.
ch(l 2 i)
2 i = 02 = 02 + 02 2i 0 0 , ,
Z
0
v0
0
2
02 cos (x l)
v(x, t) =
e( + )t
d 0,
i
cos 0 l
2 + 02
02 02 = (2 + a).
312
[. x
10.10. 1
v
2 v 1 v
= 2+
(t > 0, r > a)
t
r
r r
, v(r, 0) = 0 (r > a), v(a, t) = f (t).
, v(r, t) = O(ecr+ct).
Z
1
V (r, ) =
( > c),
eit v(r, t) dt
2 0

2
Z
V
1 V
v
2
+
dt =
=
eit
2
r
r r
t
0
Z

it
= e v i
eit v dt = i 2 V.
0

p
p
(2)
(1)
V (r, ) = A()H0 (r i) + B()H0 (r i),
(1)
(2)
H0 (z) = J0 (z) + iY0 (z),

H0 (z) = J0 (z) iY0 (z).
0
0
= + ik, i = = + i 0 .
02 02 = k,
.. 0 , , .
0
0
Aer
Aer
(1)
(2)
0
0
|H0 (r )| p
,
|H0 (r )| p
,
|r 0|
|r 0|
V (r, ) = O(ecr ),
B() = 0.
, r a
Z
1
eit f (t) dt = F ().
V (r, )
2 0
F ()
A() = (1) ,
H0 (a i)

Z ik+
(1)
1
it H0 (r i)
F () d,
e
v(r, t) =
(1)
2 ik
H0 (a i)
1
. Nicholson (2), Goldstein (2).
10.11]
313
Z
(1)
2
(r 0)
02 H
v(r, t) =
e t 0(1)
F (i 02 ) 0 d 0,
0
i
H0 (a )
02 02 = k.
f (t), ,
k 0 ,
.
10.11.
2v 2v
+
=0
x2 y 2
,
(x > 0, 0 < y < b)
f (x) (y = 0, 0 < x < ),

0
(y = b, 0 < x < ),
v=
0
(x = 0, 0 < y < b).
, 1 .

q Z
Vs (, y) = 2
v(x, y) sin x dx.
0
q Z 2
q Z 2
v
v
2
2
sin
sin x dx =
x
dx
=
0 y 2
0 x2
q
Z
q

v
v
2
2
=
sin x +
cos x dx =
x
x
0
0
Z
q
q 2 2
2
=
v cos x +
v sin x dx = 2Vs ,
0
0
2 Vs
=
y 2
Vs = A() ch y + B() sh y.
y 0,
q Z
A() = 2
f (x) sin x dx,
0
A() - f (x), A() = Fs ().

y = b,
A() ch b + B() sh b = 0,
1
, , 45.
314
[. x
B() = Fs () cth b.

sh (b y)
Vs = Fs () ch y sh y cth b = Fs ()
sh b
q Z
sh (b y)
v(x, y) = 2
Fs ()
sin x d.
0
sh b
f ,
Z
Z
sh (b y)
2
v(x, y) =
f (u) du
sin x sin u d =
0
sh b
0
Z
1
y
1
=
sin
f (u)
(b y)
(x u)
2b
b 0
cos
+ ch
b
b
!
1
du.
(b y)
(x + u)
cos
+ ch
b
b

1
, 2 f (x + 0) + f (x 0) ,
, 18,
sh (b y)
sh y
= ey eb
,
sh b
sh b
, , 0.
, v(x, y) = O(ecx ) x
y, < c < 2 .
b
b
Z
1
eix v(x, y) dx,
V (, y) =
2 0
c < < 2 .
b
Z
Z
2
2
2
V
ix v
ix v
2
=
e
dx =
e
dx =
y 2
y 2
x2
0
0
Z

ix v
ix
2
ix
= e
+
i
e
v
+
e
v
dx
=
g(y)
+
2 2 V,

x 0
0
0
g(y) = vx (0, y). ,
Z y
1
g(u) sh (y u) du.
V (, y) = A() ch y + B() sh y +
2 0
y 0, , ,
10.11]
1
A() =
2
y b,
315
eix f (x) dx = F (),
Z b
1
g(u) sh (b u) du.
0 = A() ch b + B() sh b +
2 0
,
Z
sh (b y)
sh (y b) y
V (, y) = F ()
+
g(u) sh u du
sh b
2 sh b 0
Z b
sh y
g(u) sh (b u) du.
2 sh b y
, c < a < 2
b
Z ia+
1
sh (b y)
d +
eix F ()
sh b
2 ia
Z y
Z ia+
1
sh (y b) sh u
+
g(u) du
eix
d
2 0
sh b
ia

Z b
Z ia+
1
v(x, y) (x > 0),
ix sh y sh (b u)
g(u) du
e
d =
0
(x < 0).
2 y
sh b
ia
x x , , x > 0 v(x, y) ,
eix 2i sin x.
, a 0,
0; a > , = i
b
b
y
x
K sin
sh
.
(10.11.1)
b
b
, F () ,
, , .
( = i )
b
Z
f (u)(u) du,
0
(u) =
1
y
sin
2b
b
(x u)
(b y)
cos
+ ch
b
b
!
x u/b
1
.
4 sh
e
(x + u)
(b y)
b
cos
+ ch
b
b
316
[. x
, , (10.11.1),
f = 0. ,
, , .
10.12.
2y
2y
=
t2
x2
( < x < , t > 0)
, y(x, 0) = f (x), yt (x, 0) = g(x).

, y ,
x , t.

Z
1
Y (, t) =
eix y(x, t) dx.
2
, ,
Z
Z
2
2
1
1
2Y
ix y
ix y
=
e
dx
=
e
dx = 2 Y,
2
2
t2
t
x
2
2
Y = A() cos t + B() sin t,

, , A() = F (), B() = G(). ,
Z
Z
1
G()
1
ix
e
F () cos t d +
eix
y(x, t) =
sin t d.
2
2

Z
Z

1
f (x + t) + f (x t)
i(x+t)
i(xt)
e
+e
d
eiu f (u) du =
,
4
2

Z
Z
1
ix sin t
e
d
eiu g(u) du =
2
Z
Z
Z
sin t cos (x u)
1 x+t
1
g(u) du
=
d =
g(u) du.

2 xt
0
,
Z
f (x + t) + f (x t) 1 x+t
y(x, t) =
+
g(u) du.
2
2 xt
10.12]
317
, y(x, t) = O(ec|x|),
y(x, t).
Z
Z 0
1
1
ix
Y (, t) =
eix y(x, t) dx,
e y(x, t) dx,
Y+ (, t) =
2 0
2
Y+ > c, Y < c.
Z
2
2 Y+ Z ix 2 y
ix y
2
=
e
dx
=
e
dx =
t2
t2
x2
0
0

Z

ix y
ix
2
= e
i e y
eix y dx =

x 0
0
0
2
= (t) + i(t) 2 Y+ ,
(t) = yx (0, t), (t) = y(0, t). ,
Z t

1
Y+ = A() cos t + B() sin t
(u) i(u) sin (t u) du,
2 0
A() = F+ (), B() = G+(). ,

Y+ (, t) = F+ () cos t +
G+ ()
sin t + (, t),
, = + ik, .
,
Y (, t) = F () cos t +
G ()
sin t (, t).
1
lim
y(x, t) =
2
ia+
ia
ix
1
Y+ (, t) d +
lim
2
ib+
ib
eix Y (, t) d,
a > c, b < c. , (, t), 0. ,

F ,
Z ia+
1
ei(x+t) + ei(xt)
lim
F+ ()
d +
2
2 ia
Z ib+
1
ei(x+t) + ei(xt)
f (x + t) + f (x t)
+
lim
F ()
d =
.
2
2
2 ib
, G+ ,
Z ia+
Z
sin t
1
ei(ux)
g(u) du
d
2 0
ia
318
[. x
( ). , xt 0)
, y(0, t) = 0, y(l, t) = 0, y(x, 0) = f (x) yt (x, 0) = 0.

, y , x
, t.
, y(x, t) O(ect ) c.
Z
1
Y (x, ) =
eit y(x, t) dt
2 0
> c.
Z
Z
2
2
2Y
it y
it y
=
e
dt
=
e
dt =
2
x2
x2
t2
0
0

Z

y
it y
= e
i
eit
dt =

t 0
t
0
Z

it
2
= i e y
eit y dt = if (x) 2 2Y,
0
i
Y = A() cos x + B() sin x +
2
f (u) sin (x u) du.
Y (0, ) = 0, Y (l, ) = 0. A() = 0

Z l
i
B() sin l +
f (u) sin (l u) du = 0.
2 0
,
Z
Z x
i sin x l
i
Y =
f (u) sin (lu) du +
f (u) sin (xu) du =
2 sin l 0
2 0
Z
Z
i sin x l
i sin (lx) x
f (u) sin u du
f (u) sin (lu) du
=
sin l
2
2 sin l x
0
1
R i e m a n nW e b e r, 2, 85.
10.13]
319
Z x
sin (l x)
e
d
f (u) sin u du +
sin l
ia
0
Z ia+
Z l
1
it sin x
+
e
d
f (u) sin (l u) du.
(10.13.1)
2i ia
sin l
x
1
y(x, t) =
2i
ia+
it
t t + 2l , 2ieil sin l,
t > 0 a .
, 2l, , 0 < t < 2l. (10.13.1)
e2il
1
il
= 2ie +
.
sin l
sin l
a , (10.13.1) .

. , (10.13.1)

Z ia+
Z x

1
i(2lxt)
i(xt)
e
e
d
f (u) eiu eiu du.
4 ia
0

1
2 f (2l x t) 2l 2x < t < 2l x,
0
.

f (x + t) + f (x t)
,
2
f (x) (0, l)
2l.
f 00 (x) ,
.
,
.
, ,

x
0 6 x 6 12 l,
f (x) =
l x 21 l 6 x 6 l.
f 0 (x) = 1 1, f 00 (x) = 0 , . ,
, , y -
320
[. x

Z
y
y
2 x2
=
y dx
x x=x2
x x=x1 t2 x1
t , , x,
y
x t.
x

Z
Y
1
y
Y
y
it
dt =
e
x x=x2
x x=x1
x x=x2
x x=x1
2 0
2 Z x2

Z
1
it
e
=
y dx dt =
t2 x1
2 0

Z x2
Z
Z x2

i
2
it
it

=
y dx
e dt
y dx
e
2
2 0
x1
x1
0
Z x2

y dx 0 t 0
,
t x1
Z x2
Z x2
i
2
f (x) dx
Y dx.
=
2 x1
x1
2Y
if (x)
2 Y ,
,

2
x
2
, .
1
2y 2y
2 =g
(0 < x < l),
t2
x

g = const, y(x, 0) = g lx 12 x2 , y(0, t) = 0, yt (x, 0) = 0.
10.14. 2 ,
f (t), , ,
2

2
1
2
=c
+
(r > 0, t > 0),
t2
r 2
r r

= f (t)
lim 2r
(t > 0).
r0
r
Z
1
(r, ) =
eit (r, t) dt.
2 0
1
2
J e f f r e y s, Operational Methods, p. 59.

, , . 297.
10.15]
321

Z
2
2 1
1
it
e
c
=
+
dt.
r 2
r r
t2
2 0
, (r, 0) =
= 0 t (r, 0) = 0, ,
2 . 1

(1) r
(2) r
(r, ) = A()H0
+ B()H0
.
c
c
2
Im > 0, B() = 0. ,

Z
Z
1
it
it
e f (t) dt = lim 2 r
e
dt =
F () =
r0
r
2 0
0

2r
(1) r
= 2A().
= lim 2r
= lim
A()H1
c
r0
r0
r
c

1
(1) r
(r, ) =
F ()H0
,
c
2
Z ia+

1
(1) r
it
e
F
()H
d =
(r, t) =
0
c
(2)3/2 ia
Z
Z ia+

1
(1) r
= 2
f (u) du
ei(ut) H0
d.
c
4 0
ia
0 t 0, y > 0),
, u(x, 0) = a, u(0, y) = a.
1
2
, 3.6.
B a t e m a n, Partial Differential Equations, p. 125.
322
1
U(, y) =
2
> c.
[. x
eix u(x, y) dx
Z
U
u
1
=
eix
dx =
y
y
2 0

ix
Z
2
U
1
e u
1
ix u
dx
=
,
=
e
x y
i
2 i y 0
i 2 0
( ) uy (0, y) = 0.
U(, y) = eiy/ A().
y 0
1
A() =
2
a
eix a dx = .
i 2
, (7.13.9),
Z ik+ ix+iy/
a
e
u(x, y) =
d = aI0 (2 xy).
2i ik
10.16. - .
-
m X
n
X
a, f () (x + b ) = g(x).
=0 =0

.
.

f 0 (x) =
f (x + h) f (x h)
2h
, f (x) = O(ec|x|).
, f (x) , O(ec|x|). ,
f (x)
f (x) = f (x) f (0) xf 0 (0),
f (0) = 0, f 0 (0) = 0, , f (x) f (0) = 0, f 0 (0) = 0.
10.16]
323
F+ (w) F (w), , v > c v < c .

Z
1
1
ixw 00
e f (x) dx = O
F+ (w) =
|w|3
2 w 2 0
|w| , F (w).
a > c, b < c
Z ia+
Z ib+
1
1
ixw
f (x) =
e
F+ (w) dw +
eixw F (w) dw,
2 ia
2 ib
Z ia+
1
0
(iw)eixw F+ (w) dw +
f (x) =
2 ia
Z ib+
1
(iw)eixw F (w) dw,
+
2 ib

Z ia+
eihw eihw
ixw
e
F+ (w) iw
dw +
2h
ia

Z ib+
eihw eihw
ixw
+
e
F (w) iw
dw = 0.
2h
ib
141 ,

eih eih
F+ () = (),
i +
2h

eih eih
i +
F () = (),
2h
() b 6 6 a, () 0 . ,
Z ia+
(w)
1
eixw
f (x) =
dw
ihw
ihw
e
e
2 ia
iw +
2h
Z ib+
1
(w)
eixw
dw.
ihw
eihw
2 ib
iw + e
2h
, , b < v < a. w = 0
x. . ,
X
f (x) = A + Bx + Cx2 +
eixw ,
w sin hw hw, | Im w | 6 c.
324
[. x
10.17. 1
f (n) (x) +
n1
X
a f () (x + b ) = g(x),
=0
O(ec|x|).
(x) = f (x)
n1 (k)
X
f (0) xk
k!
k=0
(0) = 0 (0) = . . . = (n1) (0) = 0,

Z
Z
(1)n
1
ixw
e (x) dx =
eixw (n) (x) dx.
+ (w) =
n
2 0
2 (iw) 0
, w n + (w) L2 (ia , ia + ) a > c.

(n)
(x) +
n1
X
a () (x + b ) = (x),
=0
(x) g(x) n 1.
, ,
Z ia+

eixw + (w)K(w) + (w) dw +
ia
Z ib+

+
eixw (w)K(w) (w) dw = 0,
ib
K(w) = (iw) +
n1
X
a (iw) eib w ,
=0
. , 141,
+ (w)K(w) + (w) = (w),
(w)K(w) (w) = (w),
(w) b 6 v 6 a. ,

1
+ (w) = G+ (w) +
1 ,
,
(w) = G (w)
w
w
n 1.

1
. Schmidt (1).
10.17]
325
1
(x) =
2
ia+
ia

G+ (w) + (w) +
1
w
eixw
dw +
K(w)

Z ib+
G (w) (w)
1
1
w
ixw
e
+
dw,
K(w)
2 ib
a b , b 6 w 6 a
K(w), c 6 v 6 c, .
,
, .
K(x) c 6 v 6 c w ,
X
p(x) +
C eixw ,
p(x) , C . w ,
C x, ..
Z ia+
Z ib+
G (w)
1
1
ixw G+ (w)
e
eixw
f (x) =
dw +
dw +
K(w)
K(w)
2 ia
2 ib
X
+
C eixw + q(x),
q(x) .
,
q
(n)
(x) +
n1
X
a q () (x + b ) = 0.
=0
, a0 6= 0, x q(x) , , q(x)
. , a0 = 0
a1 6= 0, q(x) , ..
,
Z ia+
Z ib+
1
1
G (w)
ixw G+ (w)
f (x) =
dw +
dw +
e
eixw
K(w)
K(w)
2 ia
2 ib
X
+
C eixw ,
C p 1, w p-
K(w).
L2 - , , ,
, .
326
[. x
10.18. . . , ,
f (x + 1) f (x) = g(x),
f g.
Z ia+
i(x+1)w

e
F+ (w) eixw F+ (w) eixw G+ (w) dw +
ia
ib+
ib

ei(x+1)w F (w) eixw F (w) eixw G (w) dw = 0.
F+ (w)(eiw 1) G+ (w) = (w),
F (w)(eiw 1) G (w) = (w),
(w) b < v < a. ,

Z ia+
(w) + G+ (w)
1
eixw
f (x) =
dw
eiw 1
2 ia
Z ib+
(w) G (w)
1
eixw
dw.
eiw 1
2 ib
, (w), 1, .
,
Z ia+
1
G+ (w)
f (x) = f (x) +
eixw iw
dw +
e
1
2 ia
Z ib+
G (w)
1
+
eixw iw
dw,
e
1
2 ib
f (x) 1.
L2 , g(x)ec|x| c > 0 L2 .
. , iw1

e
1
eiw ,
f (x) = f (x) g(x) g(x + 1) . . . ,
, , , .
XI

11.1. .
Z
b
f (x) = g(x) +
k(x, y)f (y) dy,
g(x) k(x, y) , f (x) .

; , ,
k(x, y) , .
,
.
k(x, y) = k(x y) ,

Z
f (x) = g(x) +
k(x y)f (y) dy
( < x < ).
(11.1.1)
.

Z
Z
1
ixu
e
g(x) +
k(x y)f (y) dy dx =
F (u) =
2
Z
Z
1
= G(u) +
f (y) dy
eixu k(x y) dx =
2
Z
Z
1
f (y) dy
ei(y+t)u k(t) dt =
= G(u) +
2
= G(u) + 2 F (u)K(u).
(11.1.2)
F (u) =
G(u)
,
1 2 K(u)

Z
G(u)
1
eixu
du.
f (x) =
2
1 2 K(u)
(11.1.3)
(11.1.4)
328
[. xi
(11.1.4)

Z
G(u)
1
ixu
e
G(u) du =
f (x) g(x) =
2
1 2 K(u)
Z
G(u)K(u)
=
eixu
du.
1 2 K(u)
m(x)
M(u) =

K(u)
,
1 2 K(u)
f (x) = g(x) +
f (x) = g(x) +
m(x t)g(t) dt

dy
f (y)k x
y y
(11.1.5)
(11.1.6)
(11.1.1), .
Z
Z

dy
s1
=
F(s) = G(s) +
x dx
f (y)k x
y
y
0
0
Z
Z
dy
= G(s) +
f (y)
k x xs1 dx =
y
y
0
Z0
Z
= G(s) +
f (y) y s1 dy
k(u) us1 du =
0
= G(s) + F(s)K(s),

1
f (x) =
2i
c+i
ci
G(s)
xs ds.
1 K(s)
(11.1.7)
, (11.1.5).
, , ,
.
145. g(x) L2 (, ), k(x) L(, ),
sup K(u) < 1 . (11.1.4) , 2
L2 , L2
x.
11.2]
329
G(u)
L2 , (11.1.4)
1 2 K(u)
L2 f (x) L2 . 3.13,
Z
h(x) =
k(x y)f (y) dy
. ,
x L2 , 65, F , H, K
f , h, k,
2 G(u)K(u)
.
H(u) = 2 F (u)K(u) =
1 2 K(u)
g(x) + h(x)
G(u)
2 G(u)K(u)
=
= F (u),
G(u) +
1 2 K(u)
1 2 K(u)
,
g(x) + h(x) = f (x)
x, . . (11.1.4).
, f g L2 , k L (11.1.1), 65
(11.1.2), , (11.1.4). .
k L2 , K M,
(11.1.5) (11.1.4).
11.2. . , L2
.
, L2 .
(11.1.1),

Z
f (x) =
k(x y)f (y) dy
( < x < ).
(11.2.1)
f (x) = eax , a
,
Z
eat k(t) dt = 1.
(11.2.2)
, (11.2.1).
330
[. xi
0
146. 0 < c < c0 , ec |x| k(x)

L, ec|x| f (x) L2 (, ). , f (x) (11.2.1),
q
XX
f (x) =
C,p xp1 eiw x ,
(11.2.3)
p=1
w 1 2 K(w),
| Im w | 6 c, C,p q w .
. , (11.2.3)
(11.2.1), . ,
K(w) c0 < v < c0 ,
F+ (w) v > c F (w) v < c. c < a < c0

Z ia+
1
f (x) (x > 0),
ixw
e
F+ (w) dw =
0
(x < 0)
2 ia
, 65
Z
Z ia+
k(x y)f (y) dy =
eixw F+ (w)K(w) dw
0
ia
. F (w) a b,
c0 < b < c. , (11.2.1)
Z ia+

eixw F+ (w) 1 2 K(w) dw +
ia
ib+
ib

eixw F (w) 1 2 K(w) dw = 0
.

141 , F+ (w) 1 2 K(w)

F (w) 1 2 K(w)
b < v < a, F+ (w) = F (w). F+ (w)
F (w)
, ,
, 1 2 K(w).

Z ia+
Z ib+
1
1
ixw
f (x) =
e
F+ (w) dw
eixw F+ (w) dw,
2 ia
2 ib
F+ (w) 0 u , , .
0
, , k(x) = O(ec |x| )
f (x) = O(ec|x|), 0 < c < c0 .
11.3]
331
L2 -. , c < a < , ,
Z ia+T
Z
Z ia+T
F+ (w)
1
dw
lim
dw = lim
eixw f (x) dx =
T iaT w
T
w
2 iaT
0
Z
Z ia+T ixw
Z
1
e
=
f (x) dx lim
dw = 2 i
eix f (x) dx,
T iaT w
2 0
0

Z ia+T
F+ (w)K(w)
lim
dw =
T iaT
w
Z
Z
Z ia+T iw(x+y)
1
e
f (x) dx
k(y) dy lim
dw =
=
T iaT
2 0
w
Z
Z
Z
Z
i(x+y)
it
=i
f (x) dx
e
k(y) dy = i
e dt
k(t x)f (x) dx.
0
Z ia+
ia

F+ (w) 1 2 K(w)
dw =
w

Z
Z
it
e dt f (t)
= 2 i
0

k(t x)f (x) dx .

Z ib+
Z
Z 0
F (w) 1 2 K(w)
it
e dt
k(t x)f (x) dx.
dw = 2 i
w
ib
0
, , 141 146 1 .
11.3. .
(I)
|x|
g(x) = e
k(x) =
ex (x < 0),
0 (x > 0).
Z
q
1
1
ixu|x|
G(u) =
e
dx = 2
,
1 + u2
2
Z 0
1
eixu+x dx =
.
K(u) =
2
2 1 + iu
1
[Bochner (2)].
332
[. xi
L2
Z
eixu
1
f (x) =
du.
(1 iu)(1 + iu)
, , 0 < < 1.
x
2
(x > 0),
e
f (x) =
(1)x
e
(x < 0).
2
, , ,
L2 . .

Z
|x|
x
ey f (y) dy
(11.3.1)
f (x) = e
+ e
x
.
Z
(x) =
ey f (y) dy, 0 (x) = ex f (x).
x
x > 0

0 (x) = e2x + (x),

(x) =
x < 0

e2x
+ Cex .
2
0 (x) = 1 + (x),
1
(x) = + C 0 ex .
(x) x = 0 , C 0 = C + 1 + 1 .
2
2 ex + Ce(1)x (x > 0),

2

f (x) =
2 + C e(1)x (x < 0).
2
, ; ,
f (x) = e(1)x

Z
f (x) =
exy f (y) dy,
x
(11.3.2)
11.3]
333
w = i(1 )
1 2 K(w) = 1
.
1 + iw
(II) 1 k(x) = e|x| ( < 12 ).
q
q
2
K(u) = 2
,
M(u)
=
,
2
1+u
1 + u2 2
e|x| 12
,
m(x) =
1 2
g(x) L2 , L2
Z
f (x) = g(x) +
e|tx| 12 g(t) dt.
1 2
,
1 + w 2 2
1 2 K(w) =
,
1 + w2

Aex 12 + Bex 12
, > 0.
2
(III) , k(x) = ex /2 .
(IV) = 1 , k(x) = 1 1 2 , g(x) = x 2 .
1+x
1+x
e|u|
K(u) = ,
2
G(u) = ie|u| sgn u,

Z
1
ie|u| sgn u
eixu
du =
f (x) =
1 e|u|
2

Z sin xu
1
= 2
du = 2
cth x
.
eu 1
2
2x
0
,
f (x) L2 .
(V) k(x) = (11.1.6)2 . K(s) = ,
1+x
sin s
Z c+i
1
G(s)
f (x) =
xs ds,
2i ci 1
sin s
Z c+i
1
G(s)xs ds.
f (x) = g(x) +
2i ci sin s
1
2
Picard (1).
A.C. Dixon (1).
334
[. xi
= sin , 0 < < 21 ,

Z c+i
1
tg u u1+
sin
us ds =
,
2i ci sin s sin
1 u2
, ,
1+
y
Z
x
tg
x
y
f (x) = g(x) + x
g(y)
dy.
2
2
y x
0
(VI)
f (x) =
f (y)
dy
x+y
(11.3.3)

x = e ,
y = e ,
e/2 f (e ) = ()
()
d.
2 ch
2
, () = O(ec||), 0 < c < 1 , .
2

k() =
,
K(w) =
,
2
ch
w
2 ch
2
.
1 2 K(w) = 1
ch w
,
1 < v < 1 . , = 1 ,
2
2
w = 0 ,
() =
() = A + B
, . .
f (x) =
A + B ln x
(11.3.3).
1 , (11.3.3) .
1
11.4]
(VII)
Z x
x f (x) =
(x y)1f (y) dy
() 0

x = e ,
y = e ,
() =
()
(0 < < 1)
335
(11.3.4)
e f (e ) = ()
(e 1)1 () d.

(e 1)1 ( > 0),
k() = ()
0
( < 0),
(1 iw )
K(w) =
2 (1 iw)

v > (1 ) .
11.4. . .
, 1

Z x
y
1
k
(11.4.1)
f (x) = g(x) +
f (y) dy.
x
0 y
x = e , y = e
f (e ) = (),
g(e ) = (),
() = () +
k(e ) = (),
( )() d.
(11.4.2)
() = 0 > 0.

Z x
y
g(x) =
k
f (y) dy.
(11.4.3)
x
0
Z x
f1 (x) =
f (t) dt k ,
0

Z
1 x 0 y
y
k
f (y) dy = k(1)f1 (x)
k
f1 (y) dy,
x
x 0
x
Browne (1).
336
[. xi
k(1) 6= 0

Z x
g(x)
1 1 y 0 y
f1 (x) =
+
k
f1 (y) dy
k(1)
x
0 y k(1) x
(11.4.1).
11.5. . , (11.1.1) f (x), g(x)
k(x) x.
Z x
f (x) = g(x) +
k(x y)f (y) dy
(x > 0),
(11.5.1)
0
1 2 . , 145
, .
147. c
cx
e g(x) L2 (0, ), ecx k(x) L(0, ). f (x) (11.5.1) ,
0
ec x f (x) L2 (0, ) c0 ;

Z ia+
G(w)
1
eixw
dw
(11.5.2)
f (x) = l.i.m.
2 ia
1 2 K(w)
a.
. (11.5.1) , f (x), g(x) k(x) eax f (x), eax g(x) eax k(x).
, , ,
11.1 K(u + ia) .. K(u).
a
Z
1
1
eax |k(x)| dx < ,
|K(u + ia)| 6
2 0
2
, .
(11.5.2)
Z ia+
K(w)
f (x) = g(x) + l.i.m.

eixw G(w)
dw.
(11.5.3)
ia
1 2 K(w)
, ecx k(x) L2 . K(w),

1
2
Doetsch (1), (2).

Fock (1).
11.5]
337
K(w)
(11.5.4)
1 2 K(w)
Z ia+
1
m(x) = l.i.m.
eixw M(w) dw
2 ia
L2 .
a , , m(x) = 0
x < 0.
Z x
f (x) = g(x) +
m(x y)g(y) dy.
(11.5.5)
M(w) =
(11.5.4)
Z x
m(x) = k(x) +
m(x t)k(t) dt;
(11.5.6)
, (11.5.5) (11.5.1) ,
(11.5.5) (11.5.1), (11.5.6) .
(11.5.4)
n1
X
n
M(w) =
(2) 2 K(w) ,
n=1
m(x) =
k (n) (x),
n=1
(1)
k (x) = k(x),
(n)
(x) =
x
0
k(t)k (n1) (x t) dt.
(11.5.1), 1 .
2 , k(x) L(0, ), , (11.5.6)
h(x), L(0, ),
, 1 2 K(u) 6= 0 u.
, .
.
(I)
x
e (x > 0),
k(x) =
0 (x < 0).
1
2
. , , . 3, 548549.
, , 18.
338
2 K(w) =
,
1 + iw
M(w) =
,
2 1 + + iw
[. xi
m(x) = e(1+)x .

f (x) = g(x) +
exy f (y) dy
f (x) = g(x) +
e(1+)(xy) g(y) dy.
(x) =
ey f (y) dy, -

0 (x) (x) = ex g(x).
f (x) Ae(1+)x ;
A = 0, x < 0.
(II) 1 k(x) :
k(x) = P epx + Qeqx + . . .
(x > 0).

1
Q
P
+
+ ... .
K(w) =
2 p + iw q + iw
M(w)
(p + iw)(q + iw) . . .
M(w) =
K(w),
( + iw)( + iw) . . .
i, i, . . . 1 2 K(w).
X (p )(q ) . . .
ex ,
m(x) =
( )( ) . . .
2 K(i) = 1.

, k(x) .
(III) 2 g(x) = k(x) = J0 (x).
Z
G(w) = K(w) =
eixw J0 (x) dx =
,
2 0
2 1 w 2
1
2
E.T. Whittaker (1).

Fock (1).
11.6]
339

Z ia+
Z a+i
exs
eixw
f (x) =
dw =
ds (a > 0),
2 ia
2i ai
1 w2
1 + s2
Z a+i
Z a+i
1 + s2 s
xs
e
ds +
exs
ds +
=
2
2
2i ai
1 +s
2i ai
1 2 + s2
Z a+i
Z x

J1 (y)
2
exs
+
ds =
sin 12 (x y)
dy +
2
2
2i ai 1 + s
y
12 0

2
2
+ cos x 1 +
sin x 1 2 ,
1 2
(7.13.2), (7.13.3) (7.13.8).
11.6. . ,
,
Z
g(x) =
k(x y)f (y) dy.
(11.6.1)
Z
Z
1
ixu
e dx
k(x y)f (y) dy =
G(u) =
2
Z
Z
1
=
f (y) dy
eixu k(x y) dx =
2
Z
Z
1
f (y) dy
ei(y+t)u k(t) dt =
=
2
= 2 F (u)K(u),
(11.6.2)
, ,
1
f (x) =
2
eixu
G(u)
du.
K(u)
(11.6.3)
, , K(u)
.
148. g(x) L2 (, ), k(x) L(, ). ,
f (x) (11.6.1), L2 (, ), ,
G(u)
L2 (, ).
K(u)
. , g, k f
L- (11.6.1) . ,
65, (11.6.2), F
340
[. xi
L2 , , , G L2 .
K
, G L2 , f ,
K
(11.6.3), L2 , 65 (11.6.1)
1 G(u)
2 K(u)
= G(u).
2 K(u)
, (11.6.1) . , ,
Z
g(x) =
k(xy)f (y) dy.
(11.6.4)
0

Z
Z
Z
Z
s1
G(s) =
x dx
k(xy)f (y) dy =
f (y) dy
k(xy)xs1 dx =
0
0
0
Z0
Z
=
f (y)y s dy
k(u)us1 du = F(1 s)K(s),
0
F(s) =

1
f (x) =
2i
G(1 s)
,
K(1 s)
c+i
ci
G(1 s) s
x ds.
K(1 s)
(11.6.5)
11.7. .
Z
g(x) =
exy f (y) dy.
(11.7.1)
0
1
f (x) =
2i
1
+i
2
1
i
2
G(1 s) s
x ds
(1 s)
(11.7.2)
(11.6.5).

. , (11.7.1)
Z
g(ix) =
eixy f (y) dy,
0
11.7]
Z
1
eixy g(iy) dy (x > 0),
f (x) = 2
0
(x < 0).
341
(11.7.3)
g(x) x,
(11.7.3) . (11.7.2), G,
g(x) x;
1
,

(1 s)
. , g(x).
(11.7.1) g(x) ,
g(z), x > 0,
g(x) .
, , (11.7.2) (11.7.1), L2 (0, ), , g(x) ,
g(z), | arg z| < ,
2
Z
|g(rei )|2 dr < K
(11.7.4)
0
< < .
2
2
, f (x) L2 (0, ). , g(z) Re z > 0, . .
| arg z| < . , 99, f (u)
2
f (u) = f(+) (u) + f() (u)
f(+) (w) arg w > 0, f() (w) arg w < 0. ,

< < ,
2
2
Z
Z
i
i
rei u
g(re ) =
e
f(+) (u) du +
ere u f() (u) du.
0

, .
2
2
`
`1
Z
i 1
i
g(rei ) = e 2
eir f(+) e 2
d +
0
`
`
Z
i 1 +
i 21 +
+e
eir f() e 2
d,
0
342
[. xi
(11.7.4), f(+) (u) f() (u) L2

arg w = const.
, , g(z) .
Z
G(1 s) =
g(x)xs dx.
0
t > 0, ,
2
Z
Z
i
t
i
s
dy = ie 2 e 2
g(iy)y it dy.
G(1 s) = i
g(iy) ye 2
0
= 1 et/2 L2 (0, ).
2
t < 0 , G(1s)
2
e|t|/2 L2 (, ). , ,

|t|

1
=O e 2 ,

(1 s)
(11.7.2) . , f (x)
(11.7.1), 72.
1 2 .
11.8. .
, . .
Z
Z
xy
g(x) =
e f (y) dy,
h(x) =
exy g(y) dy,
0

Z
Z
xy
h(x) =
e
dy
eyu f (u) du =
Z0
Z0
Z
(x+u)y
=
f (u) du
e
dy =
0
f (u)
du
x+u
(11.8.1)
. 3 .
x = e ,
y = e ,
e/2 h(e ) = (),
e/2 f (e ) = ()
(11.8.1)
1
2
3
Widder (1).
, , 13.
. Hardy (7); , , 14.
11.8]
() =
()
d.
2 ch
2
343
(11.8.2)
(11.6.1)
q
1
1
,
K(u) =
,
k() =
2
ch u
2 ch
2

Z
1
eiu (u) ch u du =
() =
2
Z

1
( +i) + ( i)
=
ei(+i)u + ei(i)u (u) du =
,
3/2
(2)
2
(11.8.3)

i
i h
f (x) =
h xei h xei .
(11.8.4)
2
, ,
.
, , (11.8.3) (11.8.2), L2 (, ),
, (z) ,
< y < ,
Z
|(x + iy)|2 dy < K
< y < .
5.4,
(x + i) (x i), L2 (, ).
L2 (11.8.2), (z), ,
< y < , 64
r Z
(u)
eizu
du,
(z) =
2
ch u
.
Z
Z
Z
2
2
2
2
2yu (u)
2
2|u| (u)
|(x + iy)| dy =
e
du
6
e
du.
ch2 u
ch2 u
, .
, ,
Z
1
u
eiu ( i) du
e (u) =
2
344
[. xi
L2 (0, ) L2 (, 0).
(u) ch u L2 (, ), (11.8.3)
L2 . , (11.8.2),
64.

, (11.8.1) L2 ,
, g(z) = g(rei ) < <
|g(rei )|2 dr
< < .
, (11.8.4) ,
. , (11.8.4) (11.8.1),
Z
Z
i
h(uei)
i
h(uei )
du
du.
2 0 x + u
2 0
x+u
2 u = xei , ,
h(x).
11.9. 1 .
.
f (x),
Z
xn f (x) dx = cn
(n = 0, 1, . . .),
0
c0 , c1 , . . . .
, f (x)ek x L(0, ) k.
Z
X
X
(1)n cn s2n
(1)n xn s2n
(s) =
=
f (x)
dx =
(2n)!
(2n)!
0
n=0
Z
Z n=0
=
f (x) cos(s x) dx = 2
f ( 2) cos s d.
0
,
, |s| < k,
Z
Z
xn |s|2n
dx =
|f (x)| ch(|s| x) dx.
|f (x)|
(2n)!
0
0
n=0
1
. Hardy (7).
11.9]
345
, s = + it, k < t < k.

(s) , ,
(s) 0, . ,

Z
s
2
1
1
(s) cos s ds
f ( ) = lim
0
. , f (x) .
, .
(1)n+1 2n
Z ia+ is
( > 0),
1
e
(2n)!
(a > 0).
ds
=
2i ia s2n+1
0
( < 0)
Z
Z
n
x f (x) dx = 2
2n+1 f ( 2) d =
0
Z
Z ia+ is
(1)n+1 (2n)!
e
2
=
||f ( ) d
ds =
2n+1
i
ia s
Z
Z
(1)n+1 (2n)! ia+ ds
eis ||f ( 2) d =
=
2n+1
i
s
ia
Z ia+
n+1
(1) (2n)!
(s)
=
ds.
2n+1
i
ia s
, n > 0, s,
n =Z0; ,
ia+
lim
. ,
ia
Z
Z
Z
( + ia)
( 0 + ia)
( 0 ia)
0
d
=
d
=
d 0 ,
2n+1
0
2n+1
0
2n+1
( + ia)
( + ia)
( ia)
. , ,
Z ia+ Z ia+
Z
1
(s)
(1)n+1 cn
1 ia+ (s)
ds
=
ds
=
,
i ia s2n+1
2i ia
s2n+1
(2n)!
ia
.
346
[. xi
, , , cn f (x) . , cn = 1 n,
(s) = cos s, , .
.
cn = 1 ,
n+1
2(s sin s + cos s 1)
,
(s) =
s2
(

Z
(0 < < 1),
2 sin s 1 cos s
2
1
f ( ) =
cos
s
ds
=
0
s
s2
0
( > 1).
,

Z

n+1
(n + 1)
1
n x cos
x e
sin x sin dx =
sin
0
> 0 0 < < ,
2
f (x) = ex cos sin x sin
, , 1 , ,
2
Z
xn f (x) dx = 0
(n = 0, 1, . . .).
0
,

, f (x) = O ekx , < 1 .
2
11.10. .
Z
x
g(x) =
k(x y)f (y) dy
(x > 0)
(11.10.1)
(11.6.1),
f (x) k(x), , g(x), x < 0.
11.6 , ,
G(w) = 2 F (w)K(w),
(11.10.2)

1
f (x) =
2
ia+
eixw
ia
G(w)
dw.
K(w)
(11.10.3)
11.10]
347
, , , , K(w) ,
G(w) K(w) .
149. ecx g(x) L2 (0, ), a ecx k(x) L(0, ).
, (11.10.1) f (x) , ecx f (x) L2 (0, ), , G(u + iv)
, u, L2 (, )
K(u + iv)
v > c. (11.10.3), a > c.
, (11.10.1)
Z x
ax
e g(x) =
ea(xy) k(x y)eay f (y) dy,
0
a > c, 148.
, (11.10.1) , ,
, .
150. ecx f (x), ecx k(x)
c L(0, ),
Z x
k(x y)f (y) dy = 0
(x > 0).
0
k f .
. ,
Z
Z
1
F (w)K(w) =
f (y) dy
ei(t+y)w k(t) dt =
2 0
Z
Z0
1
f (y) dy
=
eixw k(x y) dx =
2 0
Z
Z yx
1
eixw dx
k(x y)f (y) dy = 0,
=
2 0
0
. F (w) K(w) v > c, ,
, ,
14 k f .
, , . 1
.
1
[Titchmarsh (8)]. ; . ,
, . V.
348
[. xi
, . .
n
X
anm xm = 0
(n = 0, 1, . . .),
m=0
. , , ;
, .
11.11.
151.
Z b
1
eizt f (t) dt,
(11.11.1)
F (z) =
2 a
a b , a < b f (t) a b.
zn = rn ein F (z)

X
y2
(y) =
ln 1 + 2 .
(11.11.2)
rn
n=1
(y)
= b a.
y
. ,
a = 1, b = 1. ,
Z
b a (a+b)z/2 1 it
e g(t) dt,
F (z) = e
2 2
1

g(t) = f a + b + b a t ,
= b a z.
2
2
2
n , |n | = n ,
,

X
1 h b a i2
(y) =
ln 1 + 2
y
(b a)y,
2
n
lim
n=1
.
, F (0) 6= 0. ,
F (0) = 0,
Z b
iz
F (z) =
eizt f1 (t) dt,
2 a
Z t
F (z)
f1 (t) =
f (u) du,
,
z
a
z = 0 .
.
11.11]
( a = 1, b = 1).
.
(y)
lim
6 2.
y y
,
Z
er| sin | 1
|F (z)| 6
|f (t)| dt.
2 1
n(x) rn , x,
Z r
n(x)
N(r) =
dx.
x
0
349
(11.11.3)
(11.11.4)
, 1 ,
Z
Z
1
1
2r
i
ln |F (re )| d ln |F (0)| 6
r| sin | d K =
N(r) =
K.
2
2

X
Z rn+1
X
y2
y2
2y 2
(y) =
n ln 1 + 2 ln 1 + 2
=
dr =
rn
rn+1
r(y 2 + r 2 )
n=1
n=1 rn
Z
Z
n(r)
rN(r)
2
2
dr.
= 2y
dr = 4y
2
2
2
2 2
0 r(y + r )
0 (y + r )
,
Z
Z
8y 2
r2
r
2
dr Ky
dr = 2y O(1),
(y) 6
2
2
2
2
2 2
0 (y + r )
0 (y + r )
.
.
ln |F (iy)|
lim
= 1.
(11.11.5)
y
y
, (11.11.4), F (iy) = O(ey ). ,
F (iy) = O(e(1)y ), 0 < < 1. F (x) = O(1) x, 2 ,
F (z) = O(e(1)r sin )
(11.11.6)
.
Z 2
1
iz
e F (z) =
eizu f (u 1) du
2 0
1
, , 3.6.1. [ ,
, . IX, 3.]
2
, , 5.7.1.
350
[. xi
, 22,
Z u
Z
eizu 1
1
eiz F (z)
f (v 1) dv =
lim
dz.
iz
2
0
(11.11.6),
, u < .
, f (v 1) (0, ), , , .
151. ,

Y
(+i)z
F (z) = F (0)e
1 z ez/zn
zn
n=1
,
2
2 2y
|F (iy)| = |F (0)| e

n
Y
2y sin n y 2 2y sin
rn
1
.
+ 2 e
rn
rn
n=1
eiz F (z) , a
eiz F (z) ,
X | sin n |
rn
. |F (iy)|2

Y
2y sin n y 2
2
2 Cy
|F (iy)| = |F (0)| e
1
+ 2
rn
rn
n=1
1
C,
2 ln |F (iy)| = 2 ln |F (0)| + Cy +
X
n=1

2y sin n y 2
ln 1
+ 2 .
rn
rn
2y
sin

n
2y sin n y 2
y2
rn
+ 2 ln 1 + 2 = ln1
ln = ln 1
2 .
y
rn
rn
rn
1+ 2
rn

2|y sin n |
,
ln 6 ln 1 +
rn
, , 3.7.1.
11.11]
351
y

X
X
2|y sin n |
|y sin n |
ln 1 +
= O(N ln y) +
= o(|y|),
O
rn
rn
n=1
n=N +1
, , N = [ y]. ,
2 ln |F (iy)| 6 Cy + (y) + o(|y|).
(11.11.7)
(y)
.
y
, , L 6 2. , , 2 6 C + L. , C > 0. y , C 6 0.
, C = 0.
,

Z R
Z R/rn
ln
2u sin n du
dy =
ln 1
>
y
1 + u2
u
0
0

Z R/rn
| sin n |
R
> A
du > A| sin n | min
,1 ,
1 + u2
rn
0
L = lim
| sin n | 6 1 R 6 rn . | sin n | > 1 R > rn ,

2
2
2
2

Z R
Z
du
ln
2u
R
dy >
ln 1
= A > A| sin n | .
2
y
1+u
u
rn
0
0
,
Z RX
n=1
X
X | sin n |
ln
1 AR
dy > A
> o(R).
y
rn
rn < R
rn > R
Z R
ln |F (iy)|
(y)
2
dy >
dy + o(R),
y
y
0
0
(11.11.7), C = 0, >
.
Z 1/2
Z 1
1
1
izt
G(z) =
e f (t) dt +
eizt dt,
2 1
2 1/2
Z
, y +,
G(iy) = F (iy) + O(ey/2 ),
y
G(iy) = e + O(ey/2 ).
y
352
[. xi
G(iy) G(iy) ,
Z R
Z R
ln |G(iy)|
ln |F (iy) + O(ey/2 )|
dy =
dy =
y
y
0
0
Z R
ln |G(iy)|
=
dy + o(R) = R + o(R).
y
0
,
Z (1+)R
ln |F (iy) + O(ey/2 )|
dy R.
y
R
, (R, R + R), R > R0 (),

, |F (iy)| > e(1)y , , (11.11.7), ,
(y) > (2 3)y. (y) ,
,
(y)
lim
> 2.
y y
.
152. f (x) k(x) L(0, ),
Z x
k(x y)f (y) dy = 0
0
x (0, ). f (x) = 0 x (0, )

k(x) = 0 x (0, ), + = .
. , ,

1 ( < x 6 + 1),
f (x) = k(x) =
0
(x > + 1).
g(x) =
k(x y)f (y) dy
(0 < x < ).
g(x) = 0 x < x > 2 + 2. 2 + 1 < x < 2 + 2

Z +1
g(x) =
dy = 2 + 2 x.
x1
F , G, K f , g, k.
G(w) = 2 F (w)K(w).
1 , 2 , K G,
151 F ,
2 (y) = (y) + 1 (y).
11.12]
353
, f (0, ), k (0, ) g (0, ), 151

,
(2 + 2) = ( + 1) + ( + 1) ,
+ = .
153. f k
, k
Z x
k(x y)f (y) dy = 0
(0 < x < ),
0
f (0, ).
, f (0, ),
+ = ; , .
11.12. . 1 (11.10.1). . : (I)
; (II)
,
T ,
; (III)
T .
,
, , , ,
.
, t,
k(t),
(
1 t (t 6 T ),
T
k(t) =
0
(t > T ).
, +
f ( ) . , t >
k(t )f ( ) d . ,
, t
Z t
k(t )f ( ) d.
0
, f
Z t
1 k(t) =
k(t )f ( ) d.
0
Bateman (6).
354
[. xi
1
K(w) =
2
T
iwt

t
1
1
1 eiwT
1
dt =
+
T
iw
w2T
2
Z
1
1 1 eiwT
1
eiwt dt K(w) =
K(w) =
G(w) =
.
2 0
2 iw
2 w 2 T
Im w > 0
Z ia+
1
1 eiwT
eiwt
dw
(a > 0).
f (t) =
2 ia
1 + iwT eiwT
.
,
w = ib, b > 0,
Z ib+
1
1 eiwT
2
eiwt
dw,
f (t) =
T
2 ib
1 + iwT eiwT

t . 1 .
11.13. 2
X
f (x) =
nJn ()Jn (x).
(11.13.1)
n=1
|Jn (x)| 6 1 n x,

x
|Jn (x)| =
J (x) + Jn+1 (x) 6 x
2n n1
n > 1 x > 0. , n ,

(/2)n
Jn () = O
.
n!
J (t x)
(11.13.1) 0
x
0 t.
Z t
Z t
X
f (x)
Jn (x)
J0 (t x) dx =
nJn ()
J0 (t x) dx =
x
x
0
0
n=1
=
X
n=1
1
2
. Goldstein (1).
, 16.32.
Jn ()Jn (t) =
J0 (t ) J0 ()J0(t)
,
2
11.13]
355
(7.14.6) 1 .
f (x)

(11.10.1):
x
f (x)
f (x)
,
.
x
x
(11.10.3).
Z
1
1
,
K(w) =
eixw J0 (x) dx = p
2 0
2(1 w 2 )
u > 0 , .
Z

1
G(w) =
eixw J0 (x ) J0 (x)J0 () dx =
2 2 0 Z

1
1
=
eixw J1 (x ) J1 (x)J0 () dx
2 2 iw 0
( ). ,
Z ia+
Z

1
f (x)
1 w2
ixw
=
lim
e
dw
eitw J1 (t ) J1 (t)J0 () dt,
x
4 ia
iw
0
a > 0.
J1 (x ) J1 (x)J0 ()
=
2
Z ia+
Z

1
ixw
=
lim
e
dw
eitw J1 (t ) J1 (t)J0 () dt,
4 ia
0
, ,
f (x) J1 (x ) J1 (x)J0 ()
+
=
x
2
Z ia+
Z

1 w 2 + iw
1
ixw
=
e
dw
eitw J1 (t ) J1 (t)J0 () dt =
4 ia
iw
0
Z
Z ia+

1
1 w 2 + iw
i(tx)w
=
J1 (t ) J1 (t)J0 () dt
e
dw.
4 0
iw
ia
t > x ( , a ), t < x, (7.13.8), t

J (t x)
2 1
. ,
tx
1
8.]
, 2.4. [. .. , , 2- ., . III,
356
[. xi
(7.14.6),
f (x) J1 (x ) J1 (x)J0 ()
+
=
x
2
Z
J1 (t x)
1 x
=
J0 (t ) J0 (t)J0 ()
dt =
2 0
tx
Z
J1 (x)J0 ()
1 x
J1 (t x)
=
J0 (t )
dt
,
2 0
tx
2
, (7.14.6),
Z
f (x)
1 x
J1 (t x)
J1 (x )
=
J0 (t )
dt
=
x
2 0
tx
2
Z
J1 (t x)
1
J0 (t )
dt.
=
2 0
tx
11.14. .
Z x
f (y)
g(x) =
dy
(0 < < 1).
0 (x y)
(11.10.1) k(x) = 1 .
x
Z
(iw)1 (1 )
1
ixw dx
e
,
=
K(w) =
x
2 0
2
(iw)1 .
Z ia+
1
G(w)
f (x) =
eixw
dw.
(iw)1
2 (1 ) ia
L2 ,
Z ia+
1
1 eixw G(w)
f1 (x) =
dw =
iw
(iw)1
2 (1 ) ia
Z ia+ ixw
Z
1
e
1
=
dw
eiwt g(t) dt =
2 (1 ) ia (iw)
0
Z
Z ia+ iw(tx)
e
eiwt
1
g(t) dt
dw.
=
2 (1 ) 0
(iw)
ia
t > x ( , a ). 0 < t < x , eiwt ,
;
11.15]
357
, ,
Z
ev(tx) v (ei ei )(i)dv = 2 sin (1 )(x t)1 .
0
sin
f1 (x) =
(x t)1 g(t) dt,

1 :
Z x
sin d
f (x) =
(x t)1 g(t) dt.
dx 0
11.15. .
Z
f (x) = g(x) +
k(x + y)f (y) dy.
(11.15.1)
, 2 . . ,
Z
Z
1
ixu
e dx
k(x + y)f (y) dy =
F (u) = G(u) +
2
Z
Z
1
f (y) dy
eixu k(x + y) dx =
= G(u) +
2
Z
Z
1
= G(u) +
f (y) dy
ei(ty)u k(t) dt =
2
= G(u) + 2 F (u)K(u).
u,
F (u) = G(u) +
2 F (u)K(u)
, F (u),
,
1
f (x) =
2
1
2
G(u) + 2 G(u)K(u)
F (u) =
.
1 2K(u)K(u)
Z
ixu
G(u) + 2 G(u)K(u)
du.
1 2K(u)K(u)
(11.15.2)
. Bosanquet (1).
Fox (2).
358

Z
f (x) = g(x) +
k(ux)f (u) du,
[. xi
(11.15.3)
(11.15.1) . ,
Z c+i
1
G(s) + K(s)G(1 s) s
f (x) =
x ds.
(11.15.4)
2i ci
1 K(s)K(1 s)
154. g(x) L2 k(x) L,

K(u)K(u) 1 . (11.15.1)
2
L2 , (11.15.2).
. 11.1, f (x),
(11.15.2), L2 . , , L2 ,

Z
f (x) =
k(x + y)f (y) dy,
(11.15.5)
F (u) = 2 F (u)K(u).
F (u) =
(11.15.6)
2 F (u)K(u)
, ,

F (u)F (u) 1 2K(u)K(u) = 0.
, F (u), F (u)
u. , (11.15.6), F (u) = 0, F (u) = 0. ,
F (u) = 0 u, , f (x) = 0 x.
; , , ,

1 2K(u)K(u) > A > 0.
.
(I). (11.15.3)
k(x) =
K(s) = (s) cos s

2
2 cos x.
K(s)K(1 s) = 2 .
11.16]
359
, 2 6= 1,
Z c+i h
i
1
s
f (x) =
xs ds =
G(s) + G(1 s)(s) cos
2
2
2i(1 ) ci
q Z
g(x)
2
=
+
g(u) cos xu du.
1 2 1 2 0
- .
(II) (11.15.3)

0 (0 < x < 1),
ex
ln(1 + x)
k(x) = ,
g(x) =

(x > 1).
x
x

(s)
1
K(s) = ,
G(s) =
1 ,
1 s sin s

Z c+i
f (x) =
(s 1) xs ds =
2i ci 1 s

1 ex
0 (0 < x < 1),
=

(x > 1).
x
x
11.16. .

(0, )
.
, 1 , v(, z) , , z.

2 v 1 v 2 v
+
+
= 0.
2 z 2
(11.16.1)
v(, z)J0 (u) d
(11.16.2)
V (u, z) =
(z > 0).
2V
=
z 2
1
2v
2 J0 (u) d =
z
R i e m a n nW e b e r, 1, 134.

2 v v
2+
J0 (u) d,
360
2V
=
z 2
2v
2 J0 (u) d =
[. xi

v
J0 (u) + uJ00 (u) d.
Z

v
0
uJ0 (u) d = u
v J00 (u) + uJ000 (u) d =
Z 0
= u2
vJ0 (u) d = u2V,
0
V = A(u)euz + B(u)euz ,
, , B(u) = 0. ,
Z
v(, z) =
euz uA(u)J0 (u) du.
0
v
= 0 (z = 0, > 1).
z
f (u) = uA(u)
Z
f (u)J0 (u) du = g()
(0 < < 1),
(11.16.3)
0
Z
uf (u)J0(u) du = 0
( > 1),
(11.16.4)
v = const (z = 0, 0 < < 1);
g() .
1 .

1s
s
Z k+i
2
1
2 s1

F(s)
ds = g()
(0 < < 1), (11.16.5)
2i ki
1+s
2

s
1s
Z k+i
2 1
1
2 s2 ds = 0
F(s)
( > 1),
(11.16.6)
2i ki
s
2
0 < k < 1.

s
2 s
2
F(s) =
(s),
(11.16.7)
1s
2
1
. I. Busbridge (2).
11.16]
361

Z k+i s
1
2 (s)s1 ds = g()
(0 < < 1),
(11.16.8)
2i ki 1 + s
2

Z k+i 1 s
1
2

(s)s1 ds = 0
( > 1).
(11.16.9)
2i ki 1 s
2
, -,
(11.16.8) , > 0,
(11.16.9) < 1.
(11.16.8) w , u > 0, 0 1,

Z k+i s
Z 1
1
(s)
2

ds =
g()w d = G(1 w) (u < k).
2i ki 1 + s s w
0
2
= k 0 < u,

Z k0+i s
w
1
(s)
2
2

ds = G(1 w)
(w).
2i k0 i 1 + s s w
1+w
2
2
u > k 0 , , u > 0 ( k 0
, u).
u > 0 , ,

1+w
2 G(1 w).
(w)
w
2
( ),

1+s

Z k+i
1
ds
2
G(1 s)
(s)
= 0 (u < k). (11.16.10)
2i ki
sw
s
2
, (11.16.9) w , u < 0,
1 ,

Z k0 +i 1 s
1
2 (s)

(u > k 0 ).
ds = 0
2i k0 i 1 s s w
2
362
[. xi

1 s
2
(s), , (s),
,
1s
2
< 1.
Z k0 +i
1
(s)
ds = 0
(u > k 0 ).
2i k0 i s w
= k 0 = k > u,
Z k+i
1
(s)
ds = (w)
(u < k).
(11.16.11)
2i ki s w
(11.16.10) (11.16.11)

Z k+i 1 + s
1
G(1 s)
2
(w) =
ds
(u < k),
(11.16.12)
2i ki
sw
s
2
(11.16.7)
f (x).
g() = v0 = const,
Z 1
v0
G(1 s) = v0
s d =
,
1s
0

Z k+i 1 + s
v0
v0
2 ds
=
(w) =
2i ki (1 s) s s w
(1 w)
2
( s = 1).

s
s
s1
2
v0 2 s
v0
2
2

=
F(s) =
,
(1 s) 1 s
3s
2
2
, (7.9.6),
2v0 sin u
f (u) =
.
(11.16.13)
u
Z
2v0 zu
sin u
v=
e J0 (u)
du =
0
u
2
2v0
p
=
arcsin p
( 1)2 + z 2 + ( + 1)2 + z 2
, .
11.16]
363
1
Z
y f (y)J (xy) dy = g(x)
(0 < x < 1),
(11.16.14)
0
Z
f (y)J (xy) dy = 0
(x > 1).
(11.16.15)
0

Z k+i 1 + + s
1
2

(s)xs1 ds = g(x) (0 < x < 1),
2i ki 1 + + s
2
(11.16.16)

Z k+i 1 + s
1
2

(s)xs1 ds = 0
(x > 1), (11.16.17)
2i ki 1 + + s
2

2s 1 + + s
2
(s).
F(s) =
1
+
2
(11.16.16) xw , u > 0, 0 1,

Z k+i 1 + + s
Z 1
1
(s)
2

ds =
g(x)xw dx = G( w + 1).
2i ki 1 + + s s w
0
2
= k 0 < u,

Z k0 +i 1 + + s
(s)
1
2

ds =
2i k0 i 1 + + s s w
2

1+ +w
2
(w) + G( + 1 w).
=
1+ +w
2
u > 0, , ,

1
+
+
s

Z k+i
ds
1
2

G( + 1 s)
(s)
= 0 (u < k).
2i ki
sw
1+ +s
2
, (11.16.17), , (11.16.11).
1
. King (1).
364
[. xi

1+ +s
G( + 1 s)
1
2

(w) =
ds =
2i ki
sw
1++s
2

Z k+i 1 + + s
Z 1
Z 1
1
2
s
ds

g()
d
sw1 d =
=
1
+
+
s
2i ki
0
0
2

Z 1
Z 1
Z k+i 1 + + s s
1
2

g() d
w1 d
ds =
=
2i 0
0
ki
1+ +s
2
1
+1
Z 1
Z 1
2
2
2
=
g() d
w1
1 2
d =

2
1
+1
Z 1
Z
2
2
1 2
=
w1 d
g()
d =
0
0

2
Z 1
Z 1
2
1
w
d
g()+1 (1 2 ) 2 d.
=
0
0

2
,

Z k+i 2s 1 + + s
1
2

(s)xs ds =
f (x) =
2i ki 1 + + s
2
Z 1
Z 1
1
1

=
d
g()+1 (1 2 ) 2 d
0
0
i
2

Z k+i 2s 1 + + s
2

(x)s ds =
1
+
s
ki
2
Z
Z
1
1
(2x) 2 1 1+ 2
1
=
J+ (x) d
g()+1 (1 2 ) 2 d.
2
0
0

2
,
> 0; = 0,
= 1.
, = 1, = 0, g(x) = 1,

x
x
2
sin
cos
f (x) =
.
x2
x
Z
k+i
11.17]
365
11.17. 1 .

Z
f (x) =
k(x y)f (y) dy
(0 < x < ).
(11.17.1)
0
.
. (w) , 1 < v < 1,
Z
|(u + iv)|2 du < K = K()
1 < 6 v 6 < 1 ( , , 5.4, (u + iv) 0 u

).
1 < 6 v 6 < 1 1(w)
. , w1 , . . . , wn ,
1 (w)
1 (w) =
(w w1 ) . . . (w wn ),
(11.17.2)
2 (w)
1 (w) v 6 ,
2 (w) v > ,

|1 (w)| > K|w|
n
k
2
,
|2 (w)| > K|w| 2
(11.17.3)
k , .

k

(w 2 + 1)n/2
wi
,
(w) = 1 (w)
(w w1 ) . . . (w wn ) w + i
(w 2 + 1)n/2 6 v 6 ,
w w n , k
. (w) 1 u , k
, ln (w)
. k, ln (w) ,
u .
o

n
,
(w) = 1 (w) 1 + O 1
|w|
1
Wiener and Hopf (1). H o p f, Radiative Equilibrium, Chap. IV; , , . IV.
366
[. xi
| ln (w)| L2 .
Z i+
Z i+
1
ln (z)
1
ln (z)
dz
dz =
ln (w) =
2i i z w
2i i z w
= 1 (w) 2 (w)
( < v < ),
0 < < < 1, , (w)

< v 6 . 1 (w) v >
v > ; , 2 (w)
v 6 .
n
k
e1 (w) (w i) 2
1 (w) = 2 (w)
(w w1 ) . . . (w wn ),
n
k
e
(w + i) 2
.
, f (x) (11.17.1)
x, k(x) = O(e|x| ), , ,
e|x| k(x) L2 (, ) < 1. ,
f (x) = O(ec|x|)
(0 < c < 1).
F+ (w) v > c, F (w)

v < c K(w) 1 < v < 1.

Z
Z
f (y) (y > 0),
k(xy)f (y) dy =
k(xy)f1 (y) dy, f1 (y) =
0
(y < 0),
0
, 64,
Z
Z
k(x y)f (y) dy =
0
ia+
eixw F+ (w)K(w) dw
(c < a < 1).
ia
(11.17.1)
Z ia+
Z

ixw
e
F+ (w) 1 2 K(w) dw +
ia
ia+
ia
eixw F (w) dw = 0.
, a 6 v 6 a,

F+ (w) 1 2 K(w) +F (w) = 0.
w1 , . . . , wn 1 2 K(w) a 6 v 6 a,
, ,
F+ (w)
1 (w)
(w w1 ) . . . (w wn ) + F (w) = 0,
2 (w)
1 2 .

11.18]
367
F+ (w)
F (w)
(w w1 ) . . . (w wn ) =
,
2 (w)
1 (w)
v > a, v 6 a. , .
(11.17.3), , n k. ,
2
2 (w)P (w)
,
F+ (w) =
(w w1 ) . . . (w wn )
P (w) , , ,
Z ia+
1
2 (w)P (w)
f (x) =
eixw
dw
(w w1 ) . . . (w wn )
2 ia
(11.17.1) ( x < 0).

k(x) = e|x|
0<< 1 ,
2
Z
2
1
K(w) =
e|x|+ixw dx =
,
2
2 1 + w 2
2
w 2 (2 1)
1 2 K(w) = 1
=
.
1 + w2
w2 + 1
w = 2 1 = w1 , w2 ,
(w w1 )(w w2 )
1 2 K(w) =
,
(w i)(w + i)
1
1 (w) =
, 2 (w) = w + i ,
wi
w+i
F+ (w) = 2
P (w), P (w) = const,
w 2 + 1
Z ia+
C
w+i
f (x) =
eixw 2
dw =
w 2 + 1
2 ia

1 2
1 2
0
x 12 1 +
x 12 1
=C e
e
.
2 1 2
2 1 2
11.18. . .
1
Z 1
f (t)
(11.18.1)
f (x) = g(x) +
dt.
0 x+t
1
A.C. Dixon (2).
368

Z 1
g(t)(x, t) dt,
f (x) = g(x) +
[. xi
(11.18.2)
(x, t)
Z 1
1
(y, t)
(x, t) =
+
dy.
x+t
0 x+y
(11.18.3)
x = e , y = e , t = e
Z /2
e/2
e
(e , e )
/2

+
e
(e , e ) =
d,
e + e
0
2 ch
2
, e/2 (e , e ) = (),
Z
e/2
()
() =
+
d.
e +e
0
2 ch
2
(11.18.4)
, () = O(ec||), 0 < c < 21 . c < a < 21 .

(11.18.4)
Z ia+
Z ia+
ixw
e + (w) dw +
eixw (w) dw =
ia
ia
Z ia+
q Z ib+
iw+/2
+ (w)
ixw e
=
e
dw +
eixw
dw,
2 ib
ch w
ch w
ia
21 < b < 12 . b = a. ,

q
eiw+/2
+ (w) 1

(11.18.5)
2 ch w
ch w
(w) a < v < a. ,

(11.18.5) v < 21 , , + (w)
v < 12 , , ,
ch w . , , = sin , 0 < < 12 .
ch w

1 i, 3 i, . . . 1 + i, 5 + i, . . . ,
2
2
2
2

+ (w)

(w) =
1 + iw 1 + iw
4
2
4
2
1
v < 2 .
11.19]
369
(11.18.5) 1 ch w

eiw+/2
+ (w) =
2

1
1
w = 2 i, . . . , n + 2 i, . . .
n
o
1
n+ 1 i =
2
2
e(n+1)

= an .
n 1n
2
2

, ,
i

(w) =
1 iw
2
X
(1)n
n=0
n!
a
n
,
w+ n+ 1 i
2
, .
(11.18.4)
Z
()
() =
d,
(11.18.6)
0
2 ch
2
(11.17.1).
=
1 2 K(w) = 1
ch w

1
1
2
iw
+ iw
2

2

=
=
1
iw
1
+
iw
3
+
iw
3
iw
+
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2

1 (w) 1 iw 1 + iw
,
=
2
4
2
2 (w) 4

2 1 + iw
2
,
1 (w) =
3
iw

3 + + iw
4
2
4
2

3
+
iw
3
iw

+
4
2
4
2
2 (w) =
1 iw
2
, 11.17.
370
[. xi
11.19. 1 . , , x, x = 0.
I ( x )
, x.
k , . B ( x) , x.

ZZ
k
I d

ZZ
B d = kB.
a, x
x x0 . , x0 ,
,
, I(x0 , )a.
I(x, )a x
Z
k(B I) dv
, v .
a 0, 0
Z x0
k(B I)
0
I(x , ) = I(x, )
d,
cos
x
, x0 x,
I
k(I B)
=
.
(11.19.1)
x
cos
,
, ,
.
Z 2
Z
Z
4kB = k
d
I sin d = 2k
I sin d,
0
E.A. Milne (1), Hopf (3); H o p f, Radiative Equilibrium.
11.19]
..
2B =
371
I sin d.
(11.19.2)
k dx
(11.19.1)
I
I B
=
.
cos
(11.19.3)
,
I=
e cos

Z
K

cost B(t)
dt .
e
cos
,
, .. I = 0 x = 0, < 6 .
2
Z

t B(t)
<6 .
e cos
dt
(11.19.4)
I = e cos
2
cos
0
0 < 6 K , I
2
, ..

Z
cost B(t)
cos
e
dt
0<6
.
I=e
2
cos
(11.19.2)
Z
Z
1 /2 cos
t B(t)
B( ) =
e
sin d
e cos
dt
2 0
cos
Z
Z
1 cos
t B(t)
e
sin d
e cos
dt =
2 /2
cos
0
Z
Z /2 t
Z
Z t
1
1
cos
=
B(t) dt
e
tg d
B(t) dt
e cos tg d =
2
2
0
/2
0
Z
=
k( t)B(t) dt,
(11.19.5)
0
1
k(x) =
2
/2
0
|x|
1
cos
tg d =
e
2
|x|
e
d.
, 11.17.
v < 1
372
[. xi
Z
Z
Z
Z
1
1
e
e
ixw
K(w) =
e dx
d =
d =
cos xw dx
2 2
2 0
|x|
x
Z
e
1 arctg w
1
=
sin w d =
,
w
2 w 0
2

arctg w
1 2 K(w) = 1
.
w

1 < v < 1. , 11.17,

arctg w w 2 + 1
(w) = 1
,
w
w2
. ,

Z i+
1
dz
arctg z z 2 + 1
2 (w) =
(v < ).
ln 1
2
2i i
z
z
zw
, P (w) = + w, ,
Z ia+
1
+ w
B( ) =
ei w+2 (w)
dw.
w2
2 ia
11.20. 1 .
Z x
B( ) d = f (x),
0
(11.19.5)
Z
Z y
Z
Z x+y
1 0
e
1 ey
0
f (x) =
f (t) dt
dy =
dy
f 0 (t) dt =
2 0
y
2
y
|xt|
0
max(0,xy)
Z x y
Z y

1
e
1
e
=
f (x + y) f (x y) dy +
f (x + y) dy.
2 0 y
2 x
y
(11.20.1)
x
Z

1 ey
0
f (x) =
f (x + y) f (x y) dy.
(11.20.2)
2 0
y
155. f (x) = O(ec|x|), 0 < c < 1, (11.20.2) x, f (x)
.
1
E.A. Milne (1), Hardy and Titchmarsh (1), (2). . Hopf (2).
11.20]
373
. 11.2.
Z ia+
Z ib+
1
1
ixw
f (x) =
e
F+ (w) dw +
eixw F (w) dw,
2 ia
2 ib
(11.20.3)
c < a < 1, 1 < b < c.
Z ia+
2i
f (x + y) f (x y) =
eixw F+ (w) sin yw dw . . . ,
2 ia
Z y

e
f (x + y) f (x y) dy =
y
0
Z ia+
Z y
2i
e
ixw
=
e
F+ (w) dw
sin yw dy . . . =
y
2 ia
0
Z ia+
2i
=
eixw F+ (w) arctg w dw . . . ,
(11.20.4)
2 ia
,
F (w). ,
Z ia+
i
0
eixw F+ (w)w dw . . .
(11.20.5)
f (x) =
2 ia
(11.20.2)
Z ia+

eixw F+ (w) w arctg w dw + . . . = 0.
ia
, 141, , F+ (w) F (w)

b 6 v 6 a, , ,
, w arctg w;
F+ (w) = F (w). (11.20.3) , f (x) .
,
0
ec |x| f 0 (x) L2 (, ) c0 > c.
, (11.20.2)
Z
1 1 f (x + y) f (x y)
0
f (x) =
dy +
2 0
y
Z 1 y

1
e 1
+
f (x + y) f (x y) dy +
2
y

Z 0 y

e
(x) (x)
+
f (x + y) f (x y) dy =
+
.
y
2
2
1
374
|f (x)| 6 Kec|x| ,
Z 1
Z

c|x+y|
c|xy|
|(x)| 6 K
e
+e
dy +
0
[. xi

ey ec|x+y| + ec|xy| dy < Kec|x| .
(x)
Z x+1
f (t)
dt,
(x) =
x1 t x
t = x. .
Z +2
f (t)
1 (x) =
dt.
2 t x
, (5.3.3),
Z +1
Z
2
|1 (x)| dx 6
1
|1 (x)| dx =
+2
2
|f (t)|2 dt.
, 1 < x < + 1,
Z x1
Z +2

f
(t)
f
(t)
|1 (x) (x)| 6
dt +
dt 6
2 t x
x+1 t x
s
sZ
Z +2
Z x1
Z +2
x1
dt
dt
2
6
|f (t)| dt +
|f (t)|2 dt <
2
2
(t
x)
(t
x)
x+1
2
2
x+1
sZ
+2
<A
|f (t)|2 dt.
2

Z +1
Z
2
|(x)| dx < A
1
+2
|f (x)|2 dx < Ke2c|| .
+1
+1
1
|f 0(x)|2 dx < Ke2c|| ,

0
e2c |x| |f 0(x)|2 dx < Ke2(cc )|| ,
.
, (11.20.5) a > c
, wF+ (w) L2 (ia , ia + ). ,
(11.20.4) . ,
11.21]
375
sin yw O(eay ) y O(|yw|) |yw|,

O(eay |yw|1/4) y w;
Z ia+
Z
1/4
|F+ (w)w dw|
e(a1)y y 3/4 dy
ia
. .
1 ,
.
11.21. 2 . , f (x) (1.1.7) ,
(, = a) , . .
Z
sin a(x y)
1
f (y)
f (x) =
dy
(11.21.1)

xy
a x.
(11.2.1), 11.2
, .
, f (x) L2 (, ).
(q
(|x| < a),
sin ax
2
g(x) =
,
G(x) =
x
0 (|x| > a).
(2.1.8)
Z
q Z a
sin a(x y)
f (y)
dy =
eixt F (t) dt.
2
xy
(11.21.2)
Z a
1
eixt F (t) dt,
f (x) =
(11.21.3)
2 a
. . f (x) . , f (x) (11.21.3), F L2 , (11.21.1)
(11.21.2). , :
156. , f (x),
L2 , (11.21.1), ,
(11.21.3), F L2 (a, a).
, (11.21.1), L2 ; , cos bx sin bx ,
a |a|.
.
1
2

Bateman (1), Hardy (2), Hardy and Titchmarsh (1), (2).
376
[. xi
f (x)
L2 (, ),
157.
1 + |x|
Z
Z
f (x) cos
f (x) cos
ax dx,
ax dx
x sin
sin
x
. , f (x) (11.21.1),

Z a
f (x) = f (0) + x
eixu (u) du,
a
(u) L (a, a).

. ,

Z a

2y sin a(x y) sin ay
ixu iyu
iya sgn u
e
e e
du =
.
x
xy
y
a
f (x) f (0) = 1
x
2
x
=
2

sin a(x y) sin ay
f (y) dy =
xy
y
Z
Z a

f (y)
dy
eixu eiyu eiya sgn u du =
y
a
Z
Z
a

f (y) iyu
eixu du
e eiya sgn u dy
a
y
. ,
, , |y| < 1,
, eiya sgn u
f (y)
|y| > 1. ,
L2 (, 1) L2 (1, ),
y
Z 1
Z
f (y)
iyu f (y)
e
dy,
eiyu
dy
y
y
. . y , L2 (a, a), .
158.
Z a
f (x) = f (0) + x
eixu (u) du,
a
(u)
L(a, a).
a u2
Z
sin ay
1
f (x y)
f (x) =
lim
dy.

y
2
11.22]
377
. , f (0) = 0.
Z
Z
Z a
sin ay
sin ay
f (x y)
dy =
(x y)
dy
ei(xy)u (u) du =
y
y
a
Z a
Z
Z a
Z
ixu
ixu
iyu sin ay
=x
e
(u) du
e
dy
e
(u) du
eiyu sin ay dy.
y
a
Z a
x
eixu (u) du = f (x) a
.
Z a
Z
ixu
2i
e
(u) du
sin ay sin yu dy =
a
0

Z a
sin (a u) sin (a + u)
ixu
= i
e
(u)
du,
au
a+u
a
, .
.
f (x) = sin bx (|b| < a) ; f (x) = sin ax
(11.21.1).
Jn (x)
, 0 6 m 6 n m
x
(11.21.1) a = 1. ,
Z 1
1
xnm
Jn (x)
ixy
2 n 2

=
e
(1
y
)
dy =
xm
1
2n n + 1
2
Z 1
nm
i
dnm
n 1

=
eixy nm (1 y 2 ) 2 dy.
dy
1
2n n + 1
2
11.22. 1 . ( )
f (x) =
a2n+1 J2n+1 (x).
(11.22.1)
n=0
f (x) , a2n+1 . (, (7.10.1))

(
Z
1
(m = n),
J2m+1 (t)J2n+1 (t)
(11.22.2)
dt = 4n + 2
t
0
(m 6= n).
0
1
, 16.4, Hardy and Titchmarsh (1).
378
[. xi
J2m+1 (t)
0 , t
Z
J2m+1 (t)
a2m+1 = (4m + 2)
f (t)
dt.
(11.22.3)
t
0
(11.22.1)
Z
X
J2n+1 (t)
f (t)
(4n + 2)J2n+1 (x)
dt =
t
0
n=0
Z
f (t) X
(4n + 2)J2n+1 (x)J2n+1 (t) dt =
=
t n=0
0
, (11.22.1)
( , )

Z
Z x
1
J1 (t v) J1 (t + v)
=
f (t) dt
+
J0 (x v) dv =
2 0
tv
t+v
0

Z
Z
J1 (t v) J1 (t + v)
1 x
J0 (x v) dv
f (t)
+
dt,
=
2 0
tv
t+v
0
11.12.
Z
Z
J1 (u)
J1 (u)
f (u + v)
du +
f (u v)
du =
u
u
v
v
Z v
Z

J1 (u)
J1 (u)
du + 2
f (v u)
du,
=
f (u + v) + f (u v)
u
u
0
0
, :
Z x
Z v
J1 (v u)
J0 (x v) dv
f (u)
du =
vu
0
Z0 x
Z x
J1 (v u)
=
f (u) du
J0 (x v)
dv =
vu
u
Z0 x
Z x
=
f (u)J1(x u) du = f (x)
f 0 (u)J0(x u) du.
0
f (x),
Z x
Z
Z

J1 ()
1 x
0
f (u)J0 (x u) du =
J0 (x u) du
f ( + u) + f ( u)
d.
2 0
0
0
, 150, ,
Z
J1 ()
1
0
f ( + u) + f ( u)
f (u) =
d.
2 0
(11.22.4)
11.23]
379
11.23. (11.22.4) (11.22.1), .

. x > 0, t > 0
X
n=0

(4n + 2) |J2n+1(x)J2n+1 (t)| = O min(x3 , x5/2 ) min(t3 , t1/2 ) .
1
Jn (x) = O
x

Jn (x) = O 1
x
,
2
( n x),

n6

n
(x/2)n
1
xe
Jn (x) = O
=O
( n x),
n!
n 2n
, ,

1
(n > ex).
Jn (x) = O n
2

(11.23.1)
(11.23.2)
(11.23.3)
(11.23.4)
x > 1, 2ex 6 t
X

X

t/2
ex
X
n
n
n
O +
O n +
O n =
2
t
2 t
2n+1=3
ex
t/2
2

2

x
1
x
At
=O +O +O e
=O .
t
t
t
1 < x < t < 2ex

ex
X

X
n
O(n) +
O n = O(x2 ) = O(x5/2 t1/2 ).
2
2n+1=3
ex
x 6 1 < t
n X
n
3

t/2
e
e
x
3
O n n
+
O x n n
=
2
2
t
2n+1=3
t/2
3
3
x
x
3 At
= O + O(x e ) = O .
t
t
x 6 1, t 6 1

2n
X
e
3 3
O xt
= O(x3 t3 ).
n
2
n=0
380
[. xi
159. f (x) , f (x)
L(, ). , (1 + |x|)3/2
f (x) (11.22.1)
(11.22.3), , f (x) (11.22.4).
. , f (x) .
, x
X
n=0

(4n + 2) |J2n+1 (x)J2n+1 (t)| = O min(1, t1/2 ) ,
.
(11.23.3) , f (x) (11.22.1), ( ) (
0 ). , , 11.22,
. f (x) .
, f (x) (11.22.4), ,
,
f 0 (u) , , 11.22,
.
11.24. . f (x) 11.22
, (11.22.4)
Z
J1 ()
1
0
f (u + ) f (u )
d,
(11.24.1)
f (u) =
2 0
Z
1
J1 (y)
0
f (x) =
f (x y)
sgn y dy.
(11.24.2)
2
y
, f (x) .
160. f (x) L2 (, ). ,
(11.24.2) x, ,
Z 1
f (x) =
eixu (u) du,
1
(u) L2 (1, 1).
11.24]
381
J (x)
. g(x) = 1
sgn x x

x
(|x| 6 1),
q Z
q
J1 (y)
2
2
sgn x
G(x) = i
sin xy dy = i
(|x| > 1).

y
|x| + x2 1
, F f ,
Z
q Z 1
J1 (y)
eixt F (t)
dt +
sgn y dy = i 2
f (x y)
|t| + t2 1
y
q Z 1
q Z ixt
e F (t)
ixt
2
+i
e
tF (t) dt + i 2
dt.
1
1 t + t2 1
12 x
Z 1
Z 1
eixt F (t) dt
1
1
eixt F (t) dt +
+
2
2 |t| + t 1 t
2 1
Z ixt
1
e F (t) dt
+
,
2 1 t + t2 1 t
, III, , f (x) ,
, F (t) 0 |t| > 1.
.
161.
Z 1
f (x) = f (0) + x
eixu (u) du,
1
(u)

L(1, 1), f (x) (11.24.1).
1 u2
. f (0)
. 1
Z
J1 ()
1
f (x + ) f (x )
d =
2 0
Z
Z 1
1 J1 ()
=
(x + ) d
ei(x+)u (u) du
2 0
1
Z 1
Z
1 J1 ()
ei(x)u (u) du =
(x ) d
2 0
1
1
, 13.42.
382
[. xi
J1 ()
sin u d +
1
0
Z 1
Z
ixu
+
e
(u) du
J1 () cos u d =
1
0
Z 1
Z 1
ixu
= ix
e
(u)u du +
eixu (u) du = f 0 (x),
Z
= ix
ixu
(u) du
.
, ix, ;
, ,
Z T

< K
J
()
cos
u
d
1

1 u2
0
T .

Z T
Z T
cos cos u
cos (1 u)
1
d =
d + . . . = O
+ ... ,
1u
1
1
.
f (x) = sin x.
f (x)
162.
L2 (, )
1 + |x|
f (x)
L(, ). , f (x)

(1 + |x|)3/2
,
Z 1
f (x) = x
eixu (u) du,
1
(u) L (1, 1).

. . f (x)
,
(11.22.1),
Z
Z
X
sin( x)
a2n+1 sin( x)
1
dx =
J2n+1 (x) dx =
f (x)

x
n=0
=
a2n+1 J2n+1 () = f ().
n=0
, f (x) ( a = 1)
1 1.
, - , , -
11.25]
383
.

Z
f (x) a1 J1 (x) sin( x)
1
dx =

x3
x
Z
X
X
a2n+1 J2n+1 (x) sin( x)
J2n+1 ()
=
dx
=
a
=
2n+1
3
3
n=1
n=1
=
f () a1 J1 ()
.
3
,
11.23 ,
Z

Z
X

sin( x) J2n+1 (x)
f (t)

(4n + 2)
t J2n+1 (t) dt
x x3 dx
0
n=1
.
156 ,
Z 1
f (x) a1 J1 (x)
=
eixu (u) du,
x3
1
(u) L2 (1, 1).
Z
1
f (x) a1 J1 (x)
eixu
dx
(u) =
2
x3
(1 < u < 1),
f (x) a1 J1 (x)

L2 (, ), (u) x
, L2 . ,

Z 1
f (x) a1 J1 (x)
ix
ix
ix
ix
= x(ae + be ) + (ce + de ) +
eixu (u) du,
x
1
(u) L2 (1, 1). L2 (, ),
a, b, c d . .
11.25. . 1
Z
f (x) =
(y x)1 f (y) dy
(11.25.1)
() x
.
, , p,
1
384
[. xi
f (x) x ,
Z
Z
f1 (y) dy, . . .
f (y) dy, f2 (x) =
f1 (x) =
x
(11.25.1)

dp z
= (1)p z,
dxp
z = fp (x).
.
(11.25.1) (11.2.1)
x1 (x > 0),
()
k(x) =
0
(x < 0).
11.2 , k(x) 146. ,

. f (x) = eax ,
: Re a > 0 = a , a e ln a ,
ln a . > 0, a

1/ e2ir/
(r = 0, 1, . . .),

2r < . 6 4, , , < 1,
2
a 1/ . ,
.
163. f (x)
0 < x1 6 x 6 x2 . , > 0, 0 < < 1,
Z
f (x) =
f (y)(y x)1 dy
(11.25.2)
() x
x.
f (x) = Ceax ,
a = 1/ C = const.
F(s) f (x),
Z
Z
s1
f (y)(y x)1 dy =
F(s) =
x dx
() 0
Zx y
Z
(s)
xs1 (y x)1 dx =
=
f (y) dy
F(s + ).
() 0
(s + )
0
11.25]
385
, ,
; ,
, , .
.
1
Z c
1
f (x) =
f (y)(y x)1 dy
() x
x. > 0
Z c
Z c
1
1
1
f (x)(x )
f (y)(y )+1 dy,
dx =
()
( + )
..
(f ) = f+
.
(11.25.3)

Z c
Z c
1
(x )
dx
f (y)(y x)1 dy =
x
Z c
Z y
=
f (y) dy
(x )1 (y x)1 dx.
, ,
Z c
...
... =
x
...
... ,
, 0
Z +
Z y
I=
f (y) dy
(x )1(y x)1 dx 0
J=
f (y) dy
(x )1 (y x)1 dx 0.
()()
I=
( + )
f (y)(y )+1 dy,

Z

f (y)(y )1 dy.
. Bosanquet (1).
386
[. xi
,
J=
c
+
f (y)(y )
dy
(x )1
yx
y
1
dx,
y,
y = c O( ). J
.
163. f (x)
Z c
Z
1
f (x) =
dy +
f (y)(y x)1 dy =
f (y)(y x)
() x
() c
= f (x) + g(x),
c > 1 0 < x 6 c . , (11.25.3),
2
Z c

f (x) =
f (y) + g(y) (y x)1 dy = f2
(x) + g (x),
() x
f (x) = g(x) + 2 g (x) + 2 f2

(x).
,
f (x) = g(x) + 2 g (x) + . . . + n g(n1)

(x) + n fn
(x),
(11.25.4)
Z c
1
=
f (y)(y x)n1 dy.
(n) x
n , , n > 1, ,
Z
1 c
|f (x)| 6 (x) +
|f (y)| dy,
(11.25.5)
2c x
(x) x 0. , f (x) x 0; ,
x, |f (x)| > f (y)
(x 6 y 6 c) |f (x)| , , ,
(11.25.5). , fn
(x), f (x),
0 6 x 6 c. f (x) x 0 f (0).
(11.25.4) , f 0 (x)
x = 0.
, , , ,
fn
(x)
f (x) f (0) = O(x)

.
(x 0),
11.25]
387
F(s) =
1

f (x) f (0) xs1 dx +
f (x)xs1 dx +
f (0)
,
s
0 < < , , F(s), 1 < < .

Z
f (0)
f (0)xs1 dx =
( < 0),
s
1

Z

F(s) =
f (x) f (0) xs1 dx
(1 < < 0).
0
f (x) f (0) (11.25.2),

Z
Z

s1
F(s) =
x dx
f (y) (y x)1 y 1 dy +
() 0
x
Z
Z x
s1
+
x dx
f (y)y 1 dy =
() 0
0
Z
Z y

f (y) dy
xs1 (y x)1 y 1 dx +
=
() 0
0
Z
Z
1
+
f (y)y
dy
xs1 dx =
() 0
y

Z
(s)() s+1 y s+1

=
f (y)
y
dy +
() 0
(s + )
s
Z
+
f (y)y s+1 dy =
s() 0
Z
(s)
(s)
=
f (y)y s+1 dy =
F(s + ).
(s + ) 0
(s + )
, , < < 0.
, ,
y 6 N, , , , ,
Z N
Z

s1
x dx
f (y) (y x)1 y 1 dy
(11.25.6)
0
s1
dx

f (y) (y x)1 y 1 dy
N .
(11.25.7)
388
[. xi
,

1 Z
Z

x
1
1
f (y) (y x)
y
dy = 1
1
f (y)y 1 dy;
N
N
N
,

1
Z N
Z 1

x
1
1 dx = N
x
1
u1 (1 u)1 1 du = O(N )
N
0
0
(11.25.6). (11.25.7)
Z
Z
Z
()
s1
s1
f (x)x dx
x dx
f (y)y 1 dy,
N
N
x
, , .

:
Z
Z x
s1
x dx
f (y)y 1 dy =
0
0
sZ x

Z

x
1
1

=
f (y)y
dy
f (x)xs+1 dx,
s 0
s
0
0
x .
F(s)
(s) = s/
.
(s)

(s + ) = (s).
, (s) 1 < < 0,
, . ,
Z
h(x) =
f (y)y 1 dy = o(1),
x
f (x)xs1 dx =
1
Z
= O(1) + h(1) + (s )
h(x)xs1 dx =
F(s) = O(1) +
= O(|t|)
(1 < < 0).
(s) = O |t|A e|t|/2
11.26]
389
1 < < 0, , , .

ln z
2i

A
A 1
/4
/4
O r ln r |z| = r O r
ln
r
r 0. , (s) ,
F(s) = C(s)s/ ,
, 32,
Z k+i
C
1/
(s)s/ xs ds = Cex
f (x) =
2i ki
(0 < k < ).
11.26. 1 .
f (x),
Z
f (x) dx = 1,
, , Z
x2
(x1 , x2 ),
f (x) dx, , , , -
x1
(x, x + x), x
f (x)x.
, P Q,
, p q, ,
, f (x) g(x). P + Q.
p q ,
p x, f (x), , q y, g(y), , p + q
,
X
X
f (x)g(y) =
f (x)g( x),
x, y
x+y=
. . f g.
f (x)x g(y)y

Z
P o l y a (2).
f (x)g( x) dx,
390
[. xi
p + q.
. P { }
, . ,
Z x
Z x
P {p 6 x} =
f (u) du,
P {q 6 x} =
g(u) du.
f1 (x) =
f (u) du,
g1 (x) =
g(u) du
X

S=
g1 ( n) f1 {(n + 1)} f1 (n) .
n=
p q, n-

, p

n, (n + 1) , q 6 n; p + q 6 + .
, p + q 6 , , n, n 6 p 6 (n + 1)
q 6 n. ,
P {p + q 6 } 6 S 6 P {p + q 6 + }.
f L, g1 0
x 1 x ,
Z (n+1)
X

lim
f (t) g1 ( t) g1 ( n) dt = 0,
0
n=
lim S =
f (t)g1 ( t) dt.
, p q, ,
,
lim P {p + q 6 + } = P {p + q 6 }.
,
Z
Z
P {p + q 6 } =
f (t)g1 ( t) dt =
=
f (t) dt
f (t) dt
g(u t) du =
g(x) dx =
du
f (t)g(u t) dt,
.
f (x)
,
1
f x . : a a
11.26]
391

f (x) 1 f x
a a
?
164. f (x) > 0, f (x) x2 f (x) L(, ), x
Z

y
xy
1f x = 1
f
f
dy,
(11.26.1)
c
c
ab a
b
a, b, c .
c2 = a2 + b2 ,
x
2
f (x) =
1
x
e 2k ,
2k
k .
. ,
Z
xm f (x) dx = Km
m = 0, 1, 2. , (11.26.1),
Z
Z
Z

y
xy
m
m
1
x
1
x f
dx =
x dx
f
f
dy =
c
c
ab
a
b
Z Z

y
1
f
dy
(y + u)m f u du,
=
ab a
b
m = 0, 1, 2
K0 = K02 ,
cK1 = aK1 K0 + bK0 K1 ,
c2 K2 = a2 K2 K0 + 2abK12 + b2 K0 K2 .
(11.26.2)
(11.26.3)
(11.26.4)
, , , f (x) , (11.26.2) K0 = 1. (11.26.3)

(11.26.4)
(a + b c)K1 = 0,
(11.26.5)
(c2 a2 b2 )K2 = 2abK12 .
(11.26.6)
, ,
K12 < K0 K2 = K2 ,
(11.26.6)
c2 a2 b2 < 2ab,
c < a + b.
392
[. xi
(11.26.5) K1 = 0, (11.26.6)
c2 = a2 + b2 .
= a,
= b.
c
c
, (11.26.1) x = c, y = c,
Z

1
f () =
f
f
d,

(11.26.7)
2 + 2 = 1.
(x) = 2 F (x) =
, 41, (11.26.7)
(11.26.8)
eixt f (t) dt.
(x) = (x)(x).
(11.26.9)
(11.26.9) ,

(x) = (2 x)(x)(x)( 2 x),
, ,
(x) = (m,1 x)(m,2 x) . . . (m,m x),
m = 2n , m,1 , m,2 , . . . , m,m 2n ( +
+ )n .
2
2
2
m,1
+ m,2
+ . . . + m,m
= (2 + 2 )n = 1.
, m, p q , p + q = n; , > ,
m, 6 n
( = 1, 2, . . . , m)
, , max m, 0 m .
f (x), xf (x) x2 f (x) L, (x), 0 (x)

00
(x) ;
Z
(0) =
f (t) dt = K0 = 1,
Z
0
(0) =
itf (t) dt = K1 = 0,
11.27]
00
(0) =
,
393
t2 f (t) dt,
t2 f (t) dt k,
00 (0) = k.
x = 0
ln (x) = u(x) + iv(x),
u(x) v(x) ,
u(0) = v(0) = u0 (0) = v 0 (0) = 0,
u00(0) = k,
,
ln (x) =
m
X

=1
v 00 (0) = 0.

u(m, x) + iv(m, x) =
m

x2 X 2 00
0
=
m, x) ,
m, u (m, m, x) + iv 00 (m,
2 =1
0
0 < m, < 1, 0 < m,
< 1. m m, , m, m, , .
,
..
m

x2 X 2
kx2
m, k + o(1) =
+ o(1),
ln (x) =
2 =1
2
2
kx2
kx
ln (x) =
(x) = e 2 .
2
( 27),
Z
2
kx2
1
1
x2k
ixt
2
e
f (x) =
e
dx =
.
2
2k
, , , ( k).
394
[. xi
11.27. 1 .
, , Z ,
Z
v+v
w+w
v v + v,
f (x) dx.
(v, x) dx v
w
, v, ,
w w + w. ,
, , , v 0 v 0 + v 0
Z v0 +v0

g(x) dx,
v0
Z
0
g(v ) =
f (v)(v, v 0 v) dv.
(11.27.1)
g f , f
Z
0
f (v ) =
f (v)(v, v 0 v) dv.
(11.27.2)
, . , v, ,

dV
= V
( > 0),
dt
t vet . ,
t u, ,
, u u + u,
(u)u, v, ,
v, (u)u. ,
(v, vet v + u) = (u),
(u) v, , , t. v 0 = vet + u
(v, v 0 v) = (v 0 vet ).
,

1
E.A. Milne (2): F o w l e r, Statistical Mechanics, 19.5. , .
11.27]
f (v ) =
f (v)(v 0 vet ) dv,
, ,
Z
f (x) dx = 1,
395
(x) dx = 1.
F f .
Z
Z
1
iv0
0
F () =
e dv
f (v)(v 0 vet ) dv =
2
Z
Z
1
0
f (v) dv
eiv (v 0 vet ) dv 0 =
=
2
Z
Z
1
t
=
f (v) dv
eive +ix (x) dx = 2 F (et )().
2
, (x) , ,
t 0 . , ,
u , (u) = (u), ,
t 0 > 0
Z
Z
2
x (x) dx at,
(x) dx = o(t),
0
a .
, t 0
Z
Z
ix
2 () 1 =
(x)(e 1) dx = 2
(x)(cos x 1) dx =
0
Z

Z
Z
2
2
4
=
x (x) dx +
(x)O(x ) dx + O
(x) dx =
0
0

= 2 at + o(t) + O( 2t) + o(t),
, , t , ,
2 () 1 2 at.
F (et )[ 2 () 1]
a
F () F (et )
=
F ()
t
t
e
e
t 0, . .
a
F 0 () = F ().
396
a
F () = Ce 2 ,
C = F (0) = 1 . ,
2
r
Z
2
a 2
1
x
ix
2
2a
f (x) =
e
d =
e
,
2
2a
. . .
,

F ()
a 2
1
1
2t
exp
() =
=
(1 e
) ,
2
2 F (et )
2
s

x2
exp
.
(x) =
2a(1 e2t )
2a(1 e2t )
[. xi
H. B a t e m a n, Partial Differential Equations of Mathematical Physics,

Cambridge, 1932.
S. B o c h n e r, Vorlesungen u
ber Fouiriersche Integrale, Leipzig, 1932.
[ : . . . .:
, 1962.]
H. B u r k h a r d t, Trigonometrische Reihen und Integrale, Encyklopadie der Math. Wiss., II, 1 (ii). 8191354.
G.A. C a m p b e l l and R.M. F o s t e r, Fourier Integrals for Practical
Applications, Bell Telephone System Technical Publications, U.S.A., 1931.
H.S. C a r s l a w, Fouriers Series and Integrals, 3rd ed., London, 1930.
H.S. C a r s l a w, Mathematical Theory of the Conduction of Heat in
Solids, 2nd ed., London, 1921. [ : . .
. .: , 1947.]
R. C o u r a n t and D. H i l b e r t, Methoden der mathematischen Physik, I, 2nd ed., Berlin, 1931. [ : . . . . .: , 1951, . I, II.]
J. F o u r i e r, The Analytical Theory of Heat, translated by A. Freeman,
Cambridge, 1878.
R.H. F o w l e r, Statistical Mechanics, 2nd ed., Cambridge, 1936.
G.H. H a r d y, J.E. L i t t l e w o o d and G. P o l y a, Inequalities, mbridge, 1934. [ : .. , ..
. . . .: , 1948.]
W. H o b s o n, The Theory of Functions of a Real Variable, 2nd ed.,
Cambridge, 1925.
E. H o p f, Mathematical Problems of Radiative Equilibrium, Cambridge
tracts, No. 31, 1933.
E.L. I n c e, Ordinary Differential Equations, London, 1927. [
: .. . .
: , 1939.]
H. J e f f r e y s, Operational Methods in Mathematical Physics, Cambridge tracts, No. 23, 2nd ed., 1931.
H. L a m b, Hydrodynamics, 6th ed., Cambridge, 1932. [ : . . . .: , 1947.]
398
H. L e b e s g u e, Lecons sur les series trigonometriques. Paris, 1906.

S. M a n d e l b r o j t, Series de Fourier et classes quasi-analytiques de
fonctions, Paris, 1935,
R.E.A.C. P a l e y and N. W i e n e r, Fourier Transforms in the Complex Domain, American Math. Soc. Colloquium Publications, XIX, New York,
1934. [ : . . .
. .: , 1964.]
M.H. S t o n e, Linear Transformations in Hilbert Space, and their Applications to Analysis, American Math. Soc. Colloquium Publications, XV,
New York, 1932.
E.C. T i t c h m a r s h, The Theory of Functions. Oxford, 1932. [
: .. . . .: , 1980.]
L. T o n e l l i, Serie trigonometriche, Bologna, 1928.
C. d e l a V a l l e e - P o u s s i n, Cours danalyse infinitesimale, 3rd ed.,
Louvain, 1914.
G.N. W a t s o n, Theory of Bessel Functions, Cambridge, 1922. [
: .. . . .: , 1949.] ( .)
H. W e b e r, Die partiellen Differential-Gleichungen der mathematischen Physik, nach Riemanns Vorlesungen, Braunschweig, 1900. (
R i e m a n nW e b e r.)
E.T. W h i t t a k e r and G.N. W a t s o n, Modern Analysis, 4th ed.,
Cambridge, 1927. [ : .. .. . . .: , 1963, . I, II.]
N. W i e n e r, The Fourier Integral, Cambridge, 1932. [ :
. . . .: ,
1963.]
A. Z y g m u n d, Trigonometrical Series, Warsaw, 1935. [ : . . . .: , 1965.]
,

R. B a d e s c u
(1) Sur une equation integrate. Mathesis, 42 (1928), 414416.
W.N. B a i l e y
(1) Some classes of functions which are their own reciprocals in the Fourier
Bessel integral transform. Journal London Math. Soc. 5 (1930), 258265.
(2) On the solutions of some integral equations, Journal London Math. Soc. 6
(1931), 242247.
399
(3) On a function which is its own reciprocal in the FourierBessel integral

transform, Journal London Math. Soc. 5 (1930), 9295.
(4) A note on an integral due to Ramanujan, Journal London Math. Soc. 6
(1931), 216217.
E.W. B a r n e s
(1) A new development of the theory of the hypergeometric functions. Proc.
London Math. Soc. (2) 6 (1908), 141-177.
(2) A transformation of generalized hypergeometric series, Quart. J. of Math. 41
(1910), 136140.
H. B a t e m a n
(1) The inversion of a definite integral, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 4 (1906),
461498.
(2) Report on the history and present state of the theory of integral equations.
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Reports of the British Association (1910), 354424.

The solution of partial differential equations by means of definite integrals,
Messenger of Math. 41 (1911), 94101.
Some simple definite integrals derived from the formulae of Fourier and Abel,
The solution of linear differential equations by means of definite integrals,
Trans. Camb. Phil. Soc. 21 (1912), 171-196.
An integral equation occurring in a mathematical theory of retail trade,
The equation for the transverse vibrations of thin rods, Messenger of Math.
57 (1928), 145154.
F. B e r n s t e i n
R
4
(1) Uber
das Fourierintegral 0 ex cos tx dx, Math. Annalen, 79 (1919), 265
268.
(2) Die Integralgleichung der elliptischen Thetanullfunktion, Berliner Sitzungsberichte (1920), 735747.
F. B e r n s t e i n and G. D o e t s c h
(1) Probleme aus der Theorie der Warmeleitung I, Math. Zeitschrift, 22 (1925),
285292.
A.C. B e r r y
(1) The Fourier transform identity theorem, Annals of Math. (2) 32 (1931),
227232.
(2) Necessary and sufficient conditions in the theory of Fourier transforms,
, 830838.
R.P. B o a s
(1) Some theorems on Fourier transforms and conjugate trigonometrical
integrals, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 40 (1936), 287308.
400
S. B o c h n e r
(1) Darstellung reellvariabler und analytischer Funktionen durch verallgemeinerte Fourier-und Laplace-Integrale, Math. Annalen, 97 (1927), 635662.
(2) Uber
erne Klasse singularer Integralgleichungen. Berliner Sitzungsberichte,
22 (1930), 403411.
(3) Inversion formulae and unitary transformations, Annals of Math. 35 (1934),
111115.
S. B o c h n e r and G.H. H a r d y
(1) Notes on two theorems of Norbert Wiener, Journal London Math. Soc. 1
(1926), 240244.
L.S. B o s a u q u e t
(1) On Abels integral equation and fractional integrals, Proc. London Math.
Soc. (2) 31 (1930), 134143.
F.W. B r a d l e y
(1) An extension of the FourierBessel integral, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2)
41 (1936), 209214.
T.J.I.A. B r o m w i c h
(1) Normal coordinates in dynamical systems, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 15
(1915), 401448.
T.A. B r o w n
(1) Fouriers integral, Proc. Edin. Math. Soc. 34 (1915), 310.
P.J. B r o w n e
(1) Sur une formule directe pour la solution dune equation integrale dAbel,
Comptes rendus, 158 (1914), 15621565.
J.C. B u r k i l l
(1) On Mellins inversion formula, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 23 (1926), 256260.
(2) The expression in Stieltjes integrals of the inversion formulae of Fourier and
Hankel, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 25 (1926), 513524.
I.W. B u s b r i d g e
(1) On general transforms with kernels of the Fourier type, Journal London
Math. Soc. 9 (1934), 179187.
(2) Dual integral equations, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 44 (1938), 115129.
E. C a h e n
(1) Sur la fonction (s) de Riemann et sur des functions analogues. Ann. de lE.
Norm. (3) 11 (1894), 75164.
B.H. C a m p
(1) Multiple integrals over infinite fields, and the Fourier multiple integral, Amer.
Journal of Math. 39 (1917), 311334.
401
G. C a n t o r
(1) Uber
trigonometrische Reihen, Math. Annalen, 4 (1871), 139143. (Werke,
8791.)
F. C a r l s o n
(1) Sur une classe de series de Taylor, Thèse, Upsala, 1914.)
H.S. C a r s l a w
(1) Gibbss phenomenon in the sum (C, r) for r > 0 of Fouriers integral, Journal
London Math. Soc. 1 (1926), 101104.
L. C a s p e r
(1) Uber
eine Erwelterung der Fourierschen Integralformel, Jahresbericht D.M.V.
37 (1228), 251253.
A.L. C a u c h y
(1) Memoire sur la theorie des ondes, Oevres, Ser. 1, 1, 5318; VI,
133139, XIX, Sur les fonctions reciproques, 300303.
(2) Memoire sur lintegration des equations lineaires, Oevres, Ser. 2, 1, 275357.
R.G. C o o k e
(1) The inversion formulae of Hardy and Titchmarsh, Proc. London Math. Soc.
(2) 24 (1925), 381420.
(2) Gibbss Phenomenon in FourierBessel series and integrals. Proc. London

Math. Soc. (2) 27 (1928), 371392.
J. C o s s a r
(1) A note on Fourier integrals, Journal London Math. Soc. 7 (1932), 3846.
L. C r i j n s
(1) Over een eigenfvmctie bij een integraalvergelijking, Handel. Nederl. Natuuren Geneesk. Congr. 19 (1923), 116117. (Fortschritte der Math. 49 (1923),
296297.)
D.P. D a l z e l l
(1) Heavisides operational method, Proc. Phys. Soc. 42 (1930), 7581.
A.C. D i x o n
(1) Some limiting cases in the theory of integral equations, Proc. London Math.
Soc. (2) 22 (1923), 201222.
(2) On the solving nuclei of certain integral equations whose nuclei are homogeneous and of degree 1, and the solution of a class of linear functional
equations, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 27 (1926), 233272.
A.L. D i x o n and W.L. F e r r a r

(1) Infinite integrals of Bessel functions, Quart. J. of Math. (Oxford), 6 (1935),
161174.
G. D o e t s c h
(1) Die Integrodifferentialgleichungen vom Faltungstypus, Math. Annalen 89
(1923), 192207.
402
(2) Bemerkung zu der Arbeit von V. Fock, Math. Zeitschrift, 24 (1925), 785
791.
(3) Probleme aus der Theorie der Warmeleitung II, Math. Zeitschrift, 22 (1925),
293306.
(4) Die Anwendung von Funktionaltransformationen in der Theorie der Differentialgleichungen und die symbolische Methode (Operatorenkalk
ul), Jahresbericht D.M.V., 43 (1934), 238251.
W. D o r n
(1) Fouriersche Integrale als Grenzwerte Fourierscher Reihen, Sitz. Wiener Akad.
der Wissensch. 135 (1926), 127147.
H. E y r a u d
(1) La sommation des integrales divergentes dans la theorie des spectres, Comptes rendus, 190 (1930), 254256.
W.L. F e r r a r
(1) Summation formulae and their relation to Dirichlets series, Compositio
Math. 1 (1935), 344360.
(2) Summation formulae and their relation to Dirichlets series, II, Gompositio
Math. 4 (1937), 394405.
V. F o c k
(1) Uber
eine Klasse von Integralgleichungen, Math. Zeitschrift, 21 (1924), 161
173.
R.H. F o w l e r
(1) A simple extension of Fouriers integral theorem, and some physical applications, in particular to the theory of quanta, Proc. Royal Soc. (A) 99 (1921),
462471.
C. F o x
(1) A generalization of the FourierBessel transform, Proc. London Math. Soc.
(2) 29 (1929), 401452.
(2) A note on Hankels theorem, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 30 (1929), 1822.
(3) Applications of Mellins transformation to integral equations, Proc. London
Math. Soc. (2) 38 (1935), 495502.
R. G i b r a t
(1) Sur un type assez general dequations integrales singulières, Comptes rendus.
197 (1933). 1571-1574.
S. G o l d s t e i n
(1) Note on the operational solution of an integral equation, Journal London
Math. Soc. 6 (1931), 262268.
(2) Some two-dimensional diffusion problems with circular symmetry. Proc.
London Math. Soc. 34 (1932), 5188.
(3) Operational representations of Whittakers confluent hypergeometric function and Webers parabolic cylinder function, Proc. London Math. Soc. (3)
34 (1932), 103125.
403
G. G r a z i a n i
(1) Sulla formula integrale di Fourier, Rom. Accad. L. Rend. (5) 18 (1909), 169
172.
(2) Funzioni rappresentabili con la formula integrals di Fourier, , 596

601.
M.E. G r i m s h a w
(1) A case of distinction between Fourier integrals and Fourier series, Proc.
Camb. Phil. Soc. 23 (1927), 755767.
(2) Summation of the integral conjugate to the Fourier integral of finite type,
, 871881.
(3) A contribution to the theory of uniqueness of representation by trigonometrical integrals. Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 29 (1929), 243256.
H. H a h n
(1) Uber
die Methode der arithmetischen Mittel in der Theorie der verallgemeinerten Fourierintegrale, Sitz. Wiener Akad. der Wissensch. (1925), 449470.
(2) Uber
eine Verallgemeinerung der Fourierschen Integralformel, Acta Math. 49
(1927), 301353.
G.H. H a r d y
R
1
2
2
(1) Note on the function x e 2 (x t ) dt, Quart. J. of Math. 35 (1904), 193207.
(2) On an integral equation, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 7 (1909), 445472.
(3) Some cases of the inversion of the order of integration, Messenger of Math.
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
41 (1911), 102109.
Further researches in the theory of divergent series and integrals, Trans.
Camb. Phil. Soc. 21 (1912), 148.
Fouriers double integral and the theory of divergent integrals, , 427
451.
On Weierstrasss singular integral, and on a theorem of Lerch, Messenger of
Math. 46 (1916), 4348.
On Stieltjes probième des moments, Messenger of Math. 46 (1917), 175
182 47 (1917), 8188.
On Mellins inversion formula, Messenger of Math. 47 (1918), 178184.
(8)
(9) On some definite integrals considered by Mellin, Messenger of Math. 49
(1919), 8591.
(10) Further notes on Mellins inversion formulae, Messenger of Math. 50 (1920),
165171.
(11) On Fouriers series and Fouriers integral, Messenger of Math. 52 (1922),
4958.
(12) On Fourier transforms, Messenger of Math. 53 (1923), 135142.
(13) Some formulae in the theory of Bessel functions, London Math. Soc. Records.
June 12, 1924: Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 23 (1924), lxilxiii.
(14) On Hilbert transforms, Messenger of Math. 54 (1924), 2027 8188.
404
(15) The lattice points of a circle, Proc. Roy. Soc. (A) 107 (1925), 623635.
(16) Some further applications of Mellins inversion formula, Messenger of Math.
56 (1926), 186192.
(17) A discontinuous integral, Messenger of Math. 57 (1928), 113120.
(18) Summation of a series of polynomials of Laguerre, Journal London Math.

Soc. 7 (1932), 138139.
(19) A theorem concerning Fourier transforms. Journal London Math. Soc. 8
(1933), 227231.
(20) The resultant of two Fourier kernels, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 31 (1935), 16.
G.H. H a r d y and E. L a n d a u
(1) The lattice points of a circle, Proc. Royal Soc. (A) 105 (1925), 244258.
G.H. H a r d y and J.E. L i t t l e w o o d
(1) Some new properties of Fourier constants, Math. Annalen 97 (1926), 159
209.
(2) A point in the theory of conjugate functions, Journal London Math. Soc. 4
(1929), 242245.
(3) Some new properties of Fourier constants. Journal London Math. Soc. 6
(1931), 39.
(4) Some more theorems concerning Fourier series and Fourier power series, Duke
Math. Journal 2 (1936), 354382.
G.H. H a r d y and E.C. T i t c h m a r s h

(1) Solutions of some integral equations considered by Bateman, Kapteyn, Littlewood, and Milne, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 23 (1924), 126.
(2) Additional note on certain integral equations, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2)
30 (1929), 95106.
(3) Solution of an integral equation. Journal London Math. Soc. 4 (1929), 300
304.
(4) Self-reciprocal functions, Quart. J. of Math. (Oxford), 1 (1930), 196231.
(5) A note on Parsevals theorem for Fourier transforms, Journal London Math.
Soc. 6 (1931), 4448.
(6) Formulae connecting different classes of self-reciprocal functions, Proc.
London Math. Soc. (2) 33 (1931), 225232.
(7) An integral equation, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 28 (1932), 165173.
(8) A class of Fourier kernels, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 35 (1933), 116155.
(9) New solution of an integral equation, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 41 (1936).
115.
F. H a u s d o r f f
(1) Eine Ausdehnung des Parsevalschen Satzes uber Fourierreihen, Math. Zeitschrift, 16 (1923), 163169.
405
A.E. H e i n s
(1) Applications of the Fourier transform theorem. J. Math. Phys. Mass. Inst.
Tech. 14 (1935), 437442.
E. H i l b
(1) Uber
Integraldarstellung willk
urlicher Funktionen, Math. Annalen 66 (1909),
166.
E. H i l l e
(1) A class of reciprocal functions, Annals of Math. (2) 27 (1926), 427464.
(2) On Laplace integrals, 8 Skanrt. Mat. Kongr. (1935), 216227.
E. H i l l e and J.D. T a m a r k i n
(1) On the theory of Laplace integrals, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci, U.S.A. 19 (1933),
908912.
(2) On a theorem of Paley and Wiener, Annals of Math. (2) 34 (1933), 606614.
(3) On the theory of Fourier transforms. Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 39 (1933),
768774.
(4) A remark on Fourier transforms and functions analytic in a half-plane, Compositio Math. 1 (1934), 98102.
(5) On the absolute integrabiHty of Fourier transforms, Fundamenta Math. 25
(1935), 329352.
E. H i l l e, A.C. O f f o r d and J.D. T a m a r k i n

(1) Some observations on the theory of Fourier transforms, Bull. Amer. Math.
Soc. 41 (1935), 427436.
E.W. H o b s o n
(1) On a general convergence theorem, and the theory of the representation of a
function by series of normal functions, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 6 (1908),
349395 (. 367370).
E. H o p f
(1) Uber
lineare Integralgleichungen mit positivem Kern, Sitz. Berlin, Akad.
Wiss. 1928, No. 18.
(2) Uber
eine Klasse singularer Integralgleichungen; Bemerkungen zur Methode
von Hardy und Titchmarsh, Journal London Math. Soc. 4 (1929), 2327.
(3) Mathematisches zur Strahlungsgleichgewichtstheorie der Fixsternatmospharen. Math. Zeitschrift 33 (1931), 109.
P. H u m b e r t
(1) Sur les integrales de Fresnel, Mathematica 10 (1935), 3236 (Zentralblatt
f
ur Math. 10, 398).
A.E. I n g h a m
(1) A note on Fourier transforms, Journal London Math. Soc. 9 (1934), 2932.
S. I z u m i
(1) Remarks on the Fouriers inversion formulas, Tohoku Math. Journal 29
(1928), 268277.
406
(2) Uber
die Summierbarkeit der Fourierschen Integralformel, Tohoku Math.
Journ. 30 (1929), 96110.
(3) On the CahenMellin inversion formula, Tohoku Math. Journal 30 (1929),
111114.
(4) On Hankel transforms, Proc. Acad. Tokyo 5 (1929), 113115.
(5) Hankel transforms, Tohoku Math. Journal, 32 (1929), 5458.

(6) Remarks on Fourier integrals, Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University (1) 23 (1934), 484490.
(7) On the generalized Fourier integrals, Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial
University, 23 (1935), 880919.
(8) On Wieners proof of Plancherels theorem, Science Reports Tohoku 24
(1935), 5562.
(9) A remark on an integral equation, Proc. Imp. Acad. Tokyo 11 (1935), 210
211.
(10) On the Wieners formula, Science Reports Tohoku 24 (1935), 6376.
S. I z u m i and T. K i t a g a w a
(1) On some integral equations I, Jap. Journal of Math. 12 (1935), 8194.
(2) On some integral equations II, Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University (1) 25 (1936), 5055.
(3) On the linear operations, Tohoku Math: Journal 42 (1936), 5464.
M. J a c o b
(1) Uber
die Cesàrosche Summierbarkeit des Fourierschen Integrales, Bull.
Acad. Polonaise (1926), 4174.
(2) Uber
den Eindeutigkeitssatz in der Theorie der trigonometrischen Integrale,
Math. Annalen 97 (1927), 663674.
(3) Uber
den Eindeutigkeitssatz in der Theorie der verallgemeinerten trigonometrischen Integrale, Math. Annalen 100 (1928), 278294.
(4) Uber
die Summierbarkeit von Fourierschen Reihen und Integralen, Math.
Zeitschrift, 29 (1928), 2033.
S. K a c z m a r z
(1) Note on general transforms, Studia Math. 4 (1933), 146151.
T. K a m e d a
(1) Theory of generating functions and its application to the theory of probability, Journal of the Faculty of Science, Tokyo, 2 (1925), 162.
L.V. K i n g
(1) On the acoustic radiation pressure on circular discs, inertia and diffraction
corrections, Proc. Royal Soc. (A), 153 (1935), 116.
..
(1) ,
4 (1934), 187190.
407
B. K u t t n e r
(1) Divisor functions; Fourier integral theorems, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2)
37 (1934), 161208.
H. L e b e s g u e
(1) Sur les integrales singulières, Annales de Toulouse (3) 1 (1909), 25118.
(. 9092).
N. L e v i n s o n
(1) On a class of non-vanishing functions, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 41 (1936),
393407.
P. L e v y
(1) Sur le role de la loi de Gauss dans la theorie des erreurs, Comptes rendus
174 (1922), 855857.
(2) Sur une application de la derivee dordre non entier au calcul des probabilites,
Comptes rendus 176 (1923), 11181120.
(3) Sur une equation integrale consideree par M. Picard, Bull. Sc. Math. (2) 52
(1928), 156160.
E.H. L i n f o o t
(1) A sufficiency condition for Poissons formula, Journal London Math. Soc. 4
(1928), 5461.
J.E. L i t t l e w o o d
(1) On a theorem of Kolmogoroff, Journal London Math. Soc. 1 (1926), 229231.
H.M. M a c d o n a l d
(1) Some applications of Fouriers theorem, Proc. London Math. Soc. (1) 35
(1903), 428443.
M.S. M a c p h a i l and E.C. T i t c h m a r s h

(1) The summability of Fouriers integral, Journal London Math. Soc. 11 (1936),
313318.
M. M a t h i a s
(1) Uber
positive Fourier-Integrale, Math. Zeitschrift 16 (1923), 103125.
.. ..
(1) , ,
4 (1934), 353356.
B.M. M e h r o t r a
(1) Some theorems on self-reciprocal functions, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 34
(1932), 231240.
(2) On some self-reciprocal functions, Bull. Calcutta Math. Soc. 25 (1933), 167
172.
(3) A few self-reciprocal functions, Broc. Physico-Math. Soc. of Japan (3) 16
(1934), 273274.
408
(4) A list of self-reciprocal functions, Journal Indian Math. Soc. (New Series) 1
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(1934), 93104.
Some definite integrals involving self-reciprocal functions, Bull. Amer. Math.
Soc. 40 (1934). 265266.
Theorems connecting different classes of self-reciprocal functions, Proc.
Edinburgh Math. Soc. (2) 4 (1934), 5356.
An integral representing self-reciprocal functions, Bull. Calcutta Math. Soc.
26 (1934), 3538.
Self-reciprocal functions, Tohoku Math. Journal 40 (1935), 451485.
(9) A brief history of self-reciprocal functions, Journal Indian Math. Soc. (New
Series). 1 (1934), 209227.
H. M e l l i n
(1) Uber
die fundamentale Wichtigkeit des Satzes von Cauchy f
ur die Theorien
der Gamma- und der hypergeometrischen Funktionen, Acta Soc. Fennicae,
21 (1896), No. 1, 1115.
(2) Uber
den Zusammenhang zwischen den linearen Differential- und Differenzengleichungen, Acta Math. 25 (1902), 139164.
(3) Eine Formel fur den Logarithmus transcendenter Functionen von endlichem
Geschlecht, Acta Math. 25 (1902), 165183.
(4) Abriss einer einheitlichen Theorie der Gamma- und der hypergeometrischen
Funktionen, Math. Annalen 68 (1910), 305337.
A. M i l n e
(1) On the equation of the parabolic cylinder function, Proc. Edin. Math. Soc.
32 (1914), 214.
E.A. M i l n e
(1) Radiative equilibrium in the outer layers of a star, Monthly Notices of the
R.A.S. 81 (1921), 361375.
(2) Maxwells law, and the absorption and emission of radiation, Proc. Camb.
Phil. Soc. 23 (1926), 465471.
S.C. M i t r a
(1) An integral equation satisfied by the square of Webers parabolic cylinder
function, Journal London Math. Soc. 11 (1936), 252256.
L.J. M o r d e l l
(1) Poissons summation formula and the Riemann zeta-function, Journal London Math. Soc. 4 (1928), 285291.
(2) The zeta-functions arising from quadratic forms, and their functional equations, Quart. J. of Math. (Oxford) 1 (1930), 77101.
G.W. M o r g a n
(1) A note on Fourier transforms, Journal London Math. Soc. 9 (1934) 187192.
409
(2) On the convergence of transform integrals, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 41
(1936), 199208.
..
(1) , . - 61
(1924), 3039.
J. N e u f e l d
(1) On the operational solution, of linear mixed difference-differential equations,
Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 30 (1934), 389391.
(2) On multiplication of operational expressions. Tohoku Math. Journal 40
(1935), 449450.
F. N e v a n l i n n a
(1) Uber
die Summation der Fourierschen Reihen und Integrale, Finska Vet. Soc.
Forh. (A) 64 (1922), No. 3.
J.W. N i c h o l s o n
(1) Generalisation of a theorem due to Sonine, Quart. J. of Math. 48 (1920),
321329.
(2) A problem in the theory of heat conduction, Proc. Royal Soc. (A) 100 (1921),
226240.
A.C. O f f o r d
(1) On Fourier transforms, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 28 (1934), 197216.
(2) On Hankel transforms, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 39 (1935), 4967.
(3) The uniqueness of a certain trigonometrical integral, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc.
31 (1935). 382389.
(4) On Fourier transforms II, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 40 (1935), 281289.
(5) On Fourier transforms III, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 38 (1935), 250266.
(6) Note on the uniqueness of the representation of a function by a trigonometric
integral, Journal London Math. Soc. 11 (1936), 171174.
(7) On the uniqueness of the representation of a function by a trigonometric
integral, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 42 (1937), 422480.
A. O p p e n h e i m
(1) Some identities in the theory of numbers, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 26
(1927), 295350.
L. O r l a n d o
(1) Sulla formula integrale di Fourier, Rom. Accad. L. Rend. (5), 172 (1908),
367371.
(2) Nuove osservazioni sulla formula integrale di Fourier, Rom. Accad. L. Rend.
(5) 182 (1909), 343348.
(3) Sopra un nuovo aspetto della formula integrale di Fourier, Rom. Accad. L.
Rend. (5) 221 (1913), 6566.
410
W.M.F. O r r
(1) Extensions of Fouriers and the BesselFourier theorems, Proc. Royal Irish
Acad. 27 (1909), Sect. A. 205248; 29 (1911), Sect. A, 10-32.
P.M. O w e n
(1) The Riemannian theory of Hankel transforms. Proc. London Math. Soc. (2)
39 (1935), 295320.
R.E.A.C. P a l e y and N. W i e n e r
(1) (7) Notes on the theory and. application of Fourier transforms. Notes III,
Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 35 (1933), 348355; Notes IIIVII, , 761
791.
E.G. P h i l l i p s
(1) Note on a problem of Ramanujan, Journal London Math. Soc. 4 (1929),
310313.
E. P i c a r d
(1) Sur un exemple simple dune equation singulière de Fredholm où la nature
Norm. (3)
analytique de la solution depend du second membre, Ann. de lEc.
28 (1911), 313324.
S. P i n c h e r l e
(1) Studi sopra alcune operazioni funzionali, Mem. di Bologna (4) 7 (1886),
393442.
M. P l a n c h e r e l
(1) Contribution à letude de la representation dune fonction arbitraire par des
integrates definies, Rend. di Palermo 30 (1910), 289335.
R
(2) Zur Konvergenztheorie der Integrale lim az f (x) cos xy dx, Math. Annalen
z=
74 (1913), 573578.
(3) Sur Rla convergence et sur la sommation par les moyennes de Cesàro de
z
lim a f (x) cos xy dx, Math. Annalen 76 (1915), 315326.
z=
(4) Sur les formules dinversion de Fourier et de Hankel, Proc. London Math.
Soc. (2) 24 (1925), 6270.
(5) Formule de Parseval et transformations fonctionelles orthogonales, Commentarii math. Helvetici 1 (1929), 273288.
(6) Sur les formules de reciprocite du type de Fourier, Journal London Math.
Soc. 8 (1933), 220226.
A. P l e s s n e r
(1) Zur Theorie der konjugierten trigonometrischen Reihen, Dissertation, Giessen, 1923.
(2) Uber
Konvergenz von trigonometrischen Reihen, Journal f
ur Math. 155
(1925), 1525.
H. P o i n c a r e
(1) Sur la theorie des quanta, Journal de physique (5) 2 (1912), 534.
411
B. von der P o l
(1) On the operational solution of linear differential equations and an investigation of the properties of these solutions, Phil. Mag (7) 8 (1929), 861898.
S. P o l l a r d
(1) The evaluation of certain definite integrals involving trigonometrical functions by means of Fouriers integral theorem, Messenger of Math. 50 (1920),
151156.
(2) The summation of a Fourier integral of finite type, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc.
23 (1926), 373382.
(3) Identification of the coefficients in a trigonometrical integral, Proc. London
Math. Soc. (2) 25 (1926), 451468.
(4) On Fouriers integral, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 26 (1927), 1224.
G. P o l y a
(1) On the zeros of an integral function represented by Fouriers integral, Messenger of Math. 52 (1923), 185188.
(2) Herleitung des Gaussschen Fehlergesetzes aus einer Funktionalgleichung,
Math. Zeitschrift 18 (1923), 96108.
(3) On the zeros of certain trigonometric integrals, Journal London Math. Soc.
1 (1926), 9899.
(4) Uber
trigonometrische Integrale mit nur reellen Nullstellen, Journal f
ur Math.
158 (1927), 618.
H.S.A. P o t t e r
(1) Approximate equations for the Epstein zeta-function, Proc. London Math.
Soc. (2) 36 (1933), 501515.
N. P r a s a d
(1) A new theorem on the representation of a function by Fouriers single integral,
Journal London Math. Soc. 7 (1932), 3638.
A. P r i n g s h e i m
(1) Uber
neue G
ultigkeitsbedingungen f
ur die Fouriersche Integralformel, Math.
Annalen 68 (1910), 367408.
(2) Nachtrag zu der Abhandlung: uber neue..., Math. Annalen 71 (1911), 289
298.
S. R a m a n u j a n
(1) Some definite integrals, Messenger of Math. 44 (1915), 1018.
(2) Some definite integrals connected with Gausss sums, Messenger of Math. 44
(1915), 7585.
(3) New expressions for Riemanns functions (s) and (t), Quart. J. of Math.
46 (1915), 253260.
(4) Some definite integrals, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 17 (1918), Records for
Jan. 17, 1918.
412
(5) Some definite integrals, Journal Indian Math. Soc. 11 (1919), 8187.
(6) A class of definite integrals, Quart. J. of Math. 43 (1920), 294310.
Lord R a y l e i g h
(1) On the character of the complete radiation at a given temperature, Phil.
Mag. (5) 27 (1889), 460469.
B. R i e m a n n
(1) Uber
die Anzahl der Primzahlen unter einer gegebener Grosse, Werke (1876),
136144.
F. R i e s z
(1) Uber
eine Verallgemeinerung der Parsevalschen Formel, Math. Zeitschrift 18
(1923), 117124.
(2) Sur la formule dinversion de Fourier, Acta Szeged 3 (1927), 235241.
M. R i e s z
(1) Les functions conjuguees et les series de Fourier, Comptes rendus 178 (1924),
14641467.
(2) Sur les fonctions conjuguees, Math. Zeitschrift 27 (1927), 218244.

F. S b r a n a
(1) Sopra alcune formule di risoluzione di certe equazione integrali di Volterra,
Rom. Accad. L. Rend. (5) 31 (1922), 454456.
(2) Sopra un gruppo di operatori funzionali che interessano la fisica, Annali di
Mat. (4) 7 (1929), 3345.
(3) Sulla integrazione delle equazioni lineari alle derivate parziali coefficienti
constanti, Atti Soc. Ligust. Sci. Geneva 13 (1934), 177211.
E. S c h m i d t
(1) Uber
eine Klasse linearer funktionaler Differentialgleichungen, Math. Annalen 70 (1911), 499524.
F. S c h u
rer
(1) Eine gemeinsame Methode zur Behandlung gewisser Funktionalgleichungsprobleme, Leipziger Berichte 70 (1918), 185240.
A. S c h u s t e r
(1) On interference phenomena, Phil. Mag. (5) 37 (1894), 509545.
A. S o m m e r f e l d
(1) Die willkurlichen Funktionen in der mathematischen Physik, Inaug. Diss.,
Konigsberg, 1901.
P.L. S r i v a s t a v a
(1) Sur une classe de series de Taylor et les fonctions eatières associees, Bulletin
S.M.F. 57 (1929), 160173.
S.W.P. S t e e n
(1) Divisor functions, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 31 (1930), 4780;
32 (1931), 356368.
413
(2) Note on transforms, Journal London Math. Soc. 10 (1935), 151160.

S. S z i d o n
(1) Reihentheoretische Satze und ihre Anwendungen in der Theorie der Fourierschen Reihen, Math. Zeitschrift 10 (1921), 121127.
T. T a k a h a s h i
(1) On the conjugate function of an integrable function and Fourier series and
Fourier transform, Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. (1) 25 (1936), 5678.
J.D. T a m a r k i n
(1) On Laplaces integral equations, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 28 (1926), 417
425.
E.C. T i t c h m a r s h
(1) Hankel transforms, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 21 (1923), 463473.
(2) A contribution to the theory of Fourier transforms, Proc. London Math. Soc.
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(2) 23 (1923), 279289.

A pair of inversion formulae, London Math. Soc. Records, May 1923; Proc.
London Math. Soc. (2) 22 (1923), xxxivxxxv.
Extensions of Fouriers integral formula to formulae involving Bessel
functions, London Math. Soc. Records, Jan. 1924; Proc. London Math. Soc.
(2) 23 (1924), xxiixxiv.
Conjugate trigonometrical integrals, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2), 24 (1924),
109130.
An inversion formula involving Bessel functions, London Math. Soc. Records,
Nov. 1924; Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 24 (1925), vivii.
Reciprocal formulae involving series and integrals, Math. Zeitschrift 25
(1926), 321347, Correction, 26 (1927).
The zeros of certain integral functions, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 25
(1926), 283302.
A theorem on infinite products, Journal London Math. Loc. 1 (1926), 3537.
(9)
(10) A note on Hankel transforms, Journal London Math. Soc. 1 (1926), 195196.
(11) Some integrals involving Bessel functions, Journal London Math. Soc. 2
(1927), 9799.
(12) A note on Fourier transforms, Journal London Math. Soc. 2 (1927), 148150.
(13) On conjugate functions, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 29 (1928), 4980.
(14) Additional note on conjugate functions. Journal London Math. Soc. 4 (1930),
204206.
(15) A proof of a theorem of Watson, Journal London Math. Soc. 8 (1933), 217
220.
F. T r i c o m i
(1) Trasformazione di Laplace e polinomi di Laguerre I, Rend. Lincei (6) 21
(1935), 232239.
414
(2) Sulla trasformazione di Laplace, Conferenze di fisica e matematica, Torino

(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(1935), 115.
Autovalori e autofunzioni del nucleo di Hankel, Reale Acc. delle Scienze di
Torino 71 (1935), 17.
Sulla trasformazione e il teorema di reciprocita di Hankel, Rend. Lincei (6)
22 (1935), 564571.
Un teorema abeliano per la transformazione di Hankel e alcune nuove applicazioni di una formula sulle furizioni di Bessel, Rend. Lincei (6) 22 (1935),
572576.
Sulle trasformazioni funzionali lineari commutabili con la derivazione, Commentarii Math. Helvetici 8 (1935), 7087.
Uber
Doetschs Umkehrformel der Gauss-Transformation und eine neue Umkehrung der Laplace-Transformation, Math. Zeitschrift 40 (1936), 720-726.
R.S. V a r m a
(1) Some functions which are self-reciprocal in the Hankel transform, Proc.
London Math. Soc. (2) 42 (1936), 917.
S. V e r b l i n s k y
(1) Some theorems on moment constants and functions, Proc. London Math.
Soc. (2) 37 (1934), 338382.
(2) Trigonometric integrals and harmonic functions, Proc. London Math. Soc.
(2) 38 (1934), 148.
(3) On positive harmonic functions in a half-plane, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 31
(1935), 482507.
A. W a l f i t z
(1) Uber
die sumrnatorischen Funktionen einiger Dirichletscher Reihen, Dissertation, Gottingen, 1922.
(2) Uber
zwei Gitterpunktprobleme, Math. Annalen 95 (1926), 6983.
G.N. W a t s o n
(1) Some self-reciprocal functions, Quart. J. of Math. (Oxford) 2 (1931), 298
309.
(2) General transforms, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 35 (1933), 156199.
(3) Notes on generating functions of polynomials: (2) Hermite polynomials,
Journal London Math. Soc. 8 (1933), 194199.
(4) An integral equation for the square of a Laguerre polynomial, Journal London
Math. Soc. 11 (1936), 256261.
(5) Ramanujans integrals and Gausss sums, Quart. J. of Math. 7 (1936), 175
183.
H.A. W e b b
(1) On the solution of linear difference equations by definite integrals, Messenger
of Math. 34 (1904), 4045.
415
K. W e i e r s t r a s s
(1) Uber
die analytische Darstellbarkeitsogenannter willk
urlicher Functionen
reeller Argumente, Berliner Sitzungsberichte (1885), 633639, 789805
(Werke, III. 137).
H. W e y l
(1) Singulare Integralgleichungen, Math. Annalen 66 (1908) 273324.
E.T. W h i t t a k e r
(1) On the numerical solution of integral equations. Proc. Royal Soc. (A) 94
(1917), 367383.
D.V. W i d d e r
(1) The inversion of the Laplace integral and the related moment problem, Trans.
Amer. Math. Soc. 36 (1934), 107201.
(2) An application of Laguerre polynomials, Duke Math. Journal, 1 (1935), 126

136.
N. W i e n e r
(1) The operational calculus. Math. Annalen 95 (1916), 557854.
(2) On the representation of functions by trigonometrical integrals, Math. Zeitschrift 24 (1925), 575616.
(3) Hermitian polynomials and Fourier analysis, J. Math. Phys. Mass. Inst. Tech.
7 (1928), 161184.
N. W i e n e r and E. H o p f
(1) Uber
eine Klasse singularer Integralgleichungen, Sitz. Berlin. Akad. Wiss.
(1931), 696706.
B.M. W i l s o n
(1) On an extension of Milnes integral equation, Messenger of Math. 53 (1923).
157160.
F. W o l f
(1) On the (C, k) summability of a trigonometrical integral, Proc. London Math.
Soc. (2) 40 (1936), 502523.
F.M. W o o d
(1) Reciprocal integral formulae, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 29 (1929), 2948.
D.M. W r i n c h and J.W. N i c h o l s o n
(1) A class of integral equations occuring in physics, Phil. Mag. (7) 4 (1927),
531560.
W.H. Y o u n g
(1) On Fouriers repeated integral, Proc. Royal Soc. Edin. 31 (1912), 559586.
(2) On Sommerfelds form of Fouriers repeated integrals, Proc. Royal Soc. Edin.
31 (1912), 587603.
416
A. Z y g m u n d
(1) Uber
die Beziehung der Eindeutigkeitsfragen in den Theorien der trigonometrischen Reihen und Integrale, Math. Annalen 99 (1928), 562589.
(2) A remark on Fourier transforms, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 32 (1936), 321327.
,

: , ,
(/), .
15, 4 .:
n=0
n=1
(x2 y 2 )/2
104, 3 .: e
q
q1
(x y )/2
e
2
q
q1
146, 3 .: x
x
156, 8 .: O(x2 ) O(X 2)

2y + 1
2y + 1

213, 5 .:

x
x
y cos xt
y cos xt
222, 7 .:
(x + u)2 + t2
(x + u)2 + y 2
y cos xt
y cos xt
222, 6 .:
(x u)2 + t2
(x u)2 + y 2
2k
2k
d
d
231, 6 .:
dt
dr
2k
2k
231, 7 .: d
d
dt
dr
245, 9 .: F (x) F (u)
2 0
s
3 0
s
2
2
269, 4 .: 3 3
32
282, 13 .: a2 = 12 a3 = 12
Z x
Z
1
1
286, 2 .:
sin(t ln x) dt =
sin(t ln x) dt =
x ln
x ln x
0
0
293, 6 .: 0 (x > 0) 0 (x > u)
q
q
301, 5 .: 2 2
x
308, 3 .: k1 (x) k1 (u)

314, 8 .: sin x sin y
2
4
2
4
i cos (pq cos )
i cos (pq cos )
e
315, 6 .: e
Z
Z
1
323, 11 .:
|f (x)|x
dx
|f (x)|x1 dx
418
335, 1 .: n(+ r + 1) (n + r + 1)
Z
Z
. . . dx =
... =
341, 1 .:
b
b
344, 9 .: J (xy) xu J (xu) xu

363, 9 .: vx (0, t) iv(0, t) vx (0, t) + iv(0, t)
p
p

2 i (x t)}
2 i (x t)}
ch{ p
ch{ p
368, 3 .:
ch( 2 i t)
ch( 2 i t)
369, 11 .: veii dt veit dt

372, 9 .: t veix i veix
380, 9 .: 2r 2 r
381, 6 .: a, f (x + b ) a, f () (x + b )
382, 6 .: (Oec|x|) O(ec|x|)
2: G(u)K(u)
2
G(u)K(u)
389, 15 .:
1 2 : K(u)
1 2 K(u)
393, 3 .: K(u) K(x)
393, 3 .: M(u) M(x)
395, 2 .: us du us ds
400, 4 .: eixu du eixu dx
400, 3 .: eixu du eixu dx
izu
izu
1
e
413, 2 .: 1 e
iz
iz
2J1 (t x)
2J1 (t x)
419, 10 .:
tx
tx
423, 4 .: J0 (u) du J0 (u) d
426, 3 .: s ds s d
Z
437, 8 .: cos xw dw
cos xw dx
0

Titch

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Titch

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

. .

f (x) + f (x) f (x) f (x)

h(t) sin ut dt,

Cauchy (1), (2); . , ,

, , f (x) = g(x) + h(x), g h

= g(x) + h(x) = f (x).

(1.1.6). (1.1.7) f (x)

eixu F (u) du.

(s)(s) = F(s), (1.5.1), (1.5.2).

F(c + it)e(c+it) dt.

f (z)(z)s1 dz = 2i sin s F(s).

f (x), , (1.2.5), (1.2.1), (1.2.3), (1.3.1), (1.3.2), (1.5.1), , ,

, , 10.5, 10.8. [. .. , , . V, 3 . VI, 3,

(X) sin X (X) sin X

0 (x) sin x dx,

. |f (t) cos u(x t)| 6 |f (t)|,

f (t) cos u(x t) dt

1 (y) 2 (y) , (0, ) y 0.

f (x) (a, b), 12 [f (x+0)+f (x0)] = f (x);

6. f (t) , (0, ) , 0, f (t) 0 t .

f (t) sin ut dt = O(1)

sin a(x t) sin(a )(x t)

[b1 (u) cos xu + a1 (u) sin xu] du,

a1 (u), b1 (u) , , (1.9.4), (1.9.5).

b(u) sin xu du;

(I) 00 (t) , 00 (t + 1) = O{ 00(t)}, (t + 1) = O{(t)},

(II) 00 (t) , t 00 (t) > K, (2t) = O{(t)}.

f (x) = 1 (x > 0), ( 6)

Prasad (1), Pringsheim (1), Hobson (1).

f (x) = x0 (x) + (x),

, x0 (x) Ia), (x) Ib).

(0 < u < 1),

Cauchy (1), Sommerfeld (1), Hardy (4), (5).

Weierstrass (1), Hobson (1), Lebesgue (1), Hardy (6).

. f (x) L(a, b),

[0 (u)] sin u(x y) du =

19. f (x) L(, ) K(u, )

K(u, )|f (x u) f (x)| du =

(Hardy (8)). . Macphail and Titchmarsh (1).

(|x| < T < ). f1 (t), ,

( 6 t < ( + 1); = 1, 2, ... )

f (t) . , 20 (C, 1) (C, ), < 1.

( 6 t < ( + 1); = 1, 2, ... )

( 6 t < ( + 1); = 1, 2, ... ).

f (t) t = x 4, (1.25.1) f (x).

eixw F (w) dw.

esy A(y) dy.

. H a r d y and R i e s z, The General Theory of Dirichlets Series, pp. 1214.

29. F(k + iu) L(, )

F(k + i(t + 0)) + F(k + i(t 0))

a < b, , a < k < b.

|an | < Kecn nn .

a0 +a1 w +. . .+an w n (w) .

(w) 0, |w| . ezt , Re z > max Re w,

2.1. . F (x) G(x) f (x) g(x) ,

g(t) g(t), G(x) G(x),

F (x)F1 (x) . . . Fn (x).

(Rayleigh (1)). . Hardy (35), Ramanujan (1).

F(s)F1 (s) . . . Fn (s).

Gc (y) cos xy dy = f (+0)

. Hardy and Titchmarsh (5).

g(t) , g(t, X) g(t) X

(III) f (x) (0, 1), g(x) ln 1

(I) f (x) = e , Fc (x) =