STANDARDIZATION

A STANDARD IS A SPECIFICATION ACCEPTED AS THE MOST PRACTICAL AND APPROPRIATE CURRENT SOLUTION OF A RECURRING PROBLEM. STANDARDIZATION LEADS TO VARIETY REDUCTION, BETTER EXCHANGE, UNIFY NOMENCLATURE, IMPROVE MATERIALS, PRODUCTS, PROCESSES.

INCOMPANY STANDARDIZATION
INDUSTRY OR TRADE STANDARDS

NATIONAL STANDARDS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

AREAS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. RAW MATERIALS, CONSUMABLES, BOUGHT OUTS FINISHED PRODUCTS MATERIAL ISSUE AND ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES PURCHASE PROCEDURES, MODEL FORM OF CONTRACT INSPECTION METHODS AND TESTING PROCEDURES STORAGE AND HANDLING EQUIPMENT, FACILITIES NOMENCLATURE

CONSIDERATIONS
1. 2. 3. 4. DESIGN, FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS SALES, CONSUMER PREFERENCES MANUFACTURING PROCUREMENT

A STANDARD IS A SPECIFICATION
A CONCISE STATEMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR A MATERIAL, PROCESS, METHOD, PROCEDURE OR SERVICE INCLUDING THE EXACT PROCEDURE BY WHICH IT CAN BE DETERMINED THAT THE CONDITIONS ARE MET WITHIN THE TOLERANCES SPECIFIED IN THE STATEMENT.

VARIETY REDUCTION
PROCESS OF REDUCING THE UNNECESSARY VARIETY

AREAS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. LINES OF PRODUCT WITHIN A PRODUCT GROUP FINISHES AND PACKAGING BASIC DESIGN, COMPONENTS RAW MATERIALS, CONSUMABLES, BOUGHT OUT ITEMS TOOLS, JIGS, MACHINERY, PROCESSES

TECHNIQUES OF V.R.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. MARKET RESEARCH SALES VOLUME ANALYSIS PROFIT ANALYSIS CONSUMPTION STUDIES PREFERRED NUMBERS DESIGN SIMPLIFICATION, STANDARDISATION

PREFERRED SERIES

a x q5 q

= OR =

10 a 5 10

a, 1.58a, 2.5a, 4a, 6a, 10a if a = 10 10, 16, 25, 40, 60, 100 R - 5 SERIES R 20 SERIES R 10 SERIES

VARIETY REDUCTION
P&T WORKSHOPS:

MS MS MS MS

ANGLE FLATS ROUNDS CHANNELS PAINTS

FROM 10 TO 3 FROM 23 TO NIL FROM 18 TO 4 FROM 3 TO 1 FROM 30 TO 6

VARIETY REDUCTION
JYOTI LTD., BARODA BEFORE STDN. AFTER STDN. M.S. HEX. BOLTS M.S. COUNTER SUNK SCREWS STEEL FLATS 261 100 99 92 58 39

BRASS RODS
SPLIT COTTER PINS SPRING WASHERS COPPER FLATS BRASS SHEETS V BELTS

61
59 51 46 21 150

37
34 13 12 11 52

VARIETY REDUCTION
M.S. SHEETS: FROM 2.400 MM to 2.500 MM SAVING OF RS.100/- PER TONNE ANNUAL PURCHASE = 10,000 TONNES

EXAMPLES OF STANDARDIZATION & V.R.

SR. NO. 1. 2. 3. ITEM DRUMS & BAGS JUTE MILL BOBBINS GRADES OF SUGAR BEFORE STDN. 350 63 34 AFTER STDN. 25 3 16

4.
5. 6.

BATTERY
MALLEABLE C.I. PIPES & FITTINGS TRAIN LIGHTING

232
2000

9
633

6 (40,45,60, 2 (60 & 100 AMPS) 80,100 & 120 AMPS) 5 (200, 210, 270, 300 & 330) 7 450 2 (200 & 3000 AMP HRS.) 1 282

7.

TRAIN DYNAMO

8. 9.

LOCL BOILER SIGNALLING STORES

FOREIGN EXAMPLES
SR. NO. ITEM BEFORE STDN. AFTER STDN.

1.
2. 3.

METAL WIDTHS (U.K.)

GRINDING WHEELS (U.S.A.) TACKS & NAILS (U.S.A.)

74
715 421

12
254 182