Trang 8

Chng III: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

1. Sut in ng nhit in
E = o
T
. At hay E = o
T
. AT
o
T
h s nhit in ng, n v K
-1
, ph thuc vo vt liu
lm cp nhit in.
2. nh lut I Faraday: Khi lng ca cht gii phng in cc
trong hin tng in phn:
m = k.q =k.I.t
k: l ng lng in ho ca cht gii phng in cc,
n v kg/C
3. nh lut II Faraday: Khi lng ca cht gii phng in cc
trong hin tng in phn:
1 1
. . . .
A A
m q It
F n F n
= =
- F=96.500C/mol l s Faraday l hng s i vi mi
cht.
- A: khi lng mol nguyn t ca cht gii phng
in cc.
- N l ho tr ca cht gii phng in cc.
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Trang 1
Chng I: IN TCH - IN TRNG

1. in tch
- C hai loi in tch: in tch dng v in tch m.
- in tch k hiu l q, n v Culng ( C ).
2. in tch nguyn t c gi tr : e = 1,6 . 10
-19

3. Electron l mt ht c bn c:
- in tch q
e
= - e = - 1,6.10
-19
C
- Khi lng m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg
4. in tch ca ht (vt) lun l s nguyn ln in tch nguyn t
q = ne
5. Cng thc nh lut Culng :
c
=
1 2
2
.
.
q q
F k
r

c l hng s in mi, ph thuc vo bn cht ca in mi.
=
2
9
2
.
9.10
N m
k
C

6. Cng thc nh ngha cng in trng :
=

F
E
q

7. Lc in trng tc dng ln in tch q0 nm trong in trng
:
=

F q E
q > 0 : F

++ E

q < 0 : F

+| E

ln : = . F q E
8. Cng in trng do mt in tch im to ra :
ln:
c
=
2
.
Q
E K
r
vi
2
9
2
.
9.10
N m
k
C
=
Chiu: E

hng xa q nu Q > 0;
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Trang 2
E

hng vo q nu Q < 0;
9. Cng thc nguyn l chng cht in trng :
= + + +

1 2 3
...
n
E E E E E
Trong
1 2 3
... E E E E = + +

l cng in trng do cc q1,
q
2
, q
3
... gy ra ti im ta xt.
10. Cng ca lc in dch chuyn in tch t M n N :
AMN = q . E . ' ' M N

Trong , ' ' M N l hnh chiu ca MN xung chiu ca hng
mt ng sc (mt trc to cng hng vi ng sc)
11. Cng thc nh ngha hiu in th :
= =
MN
MN M N
A
U V V
q

12. Cng thc nh ngha cng in trng v hiu in th
' '
M N
U
E
M N
=

t in phng ta c : =
U
E
d

13. Cng thc nh ngha in dung ca t in:
=
Q
C
U

C tnh bng Fara (F)
micrFara 1 F = 10
6
F
nanFara 1 nF = 10
9
F
picFara 1 pF =10
12
F
14. Cng thc in dung ca t in phng
theo cu to:
c
t
=
.
.4 .
S
C
k d

+ + + +

S

Trang 7
Gi s c N ngun ging nhau (E;r) c mc thnh n hng,
mi hng c m ngun ni tip

b
b
m.r
r =
n
E = m.E

S ngun : N = n.m

23. B in tr mc ni tip

1 2
1 2
1 2
....
....
....
AB n
AB n
AB n
U U U U
I I I I
R R R R
= + + +
= = = =
= + + +

Nu n in tr ging nhau ni tip : .
b
U nU = , .
b
R n R =
B in tr ni tip l mch phn th :
A B
R1 R2

1
1
1 2
2 1
.
R
U U
R R
U U U

24. Mc song song in tr

1 2
1 2
1 2
....
....
1 1 1
....
AB n
AB n
AB
n
U U U U
I I I I
R
R R R
= = = =
= + + +
= + + +

Nu n in tr ging nhau mc song song : .
b
I n I = ,
b
R
R
n
=
B in tr song song l mch phn dng :

2
1
1 2
2 1
.
R
I I
R R
I I I

A B
R1
R2
I1
I
2
I

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Trang 6
17. nh lut Ohm cho on mch c my thu :

AB
I
AB p
AB
U E
R

=
A B
E r


18. nh lut Ohm cho on mch c cha ngun in :

AB
AB
AB
+
R
U E
I =
A B
E r


19. B ngun ni tip :

E r1 E2 r 1 2 En rn
A B



b 1 2 n
= E + E +..... +E E

1 2
....
b n
r r r r = + + +

c bit : nu c n ngun ging nhau mc ni tip :

b
b
= n.
r = n.r
E E


20. Hai ngun mc xung i

E r1 E2 r 1 2


b 1 2
= - E E E

1 2 b
r r r = +

21. Mc song song b ngun :
Gi s c n ngun ging nhau mc song song

b
b
E = E
r
r =
n

22. B ngun mc hn hp i xng:
I
I
I

Trang 3
Vi S l din tch i din gia hai bn t
15. B t song song :
AB 1 2 3 n
Q =Q +Q +Q +...+Q
= = = =
= + + +
1 2 3
1 2 3
...
...
AB n
AB n
U U U U U
C C C C C

Nu c n t ging nhau mc ssong : Q = nQ1 ; C = nC1
Mch mc song song l mch phn in tch :
Q
1
=
1
1 2
.
C
Q
C C +

Q2 = Q - Q1

16. B t ni tip:
= + +
AB 1 2 n
1 2
Q =Q =Q =...=Q
...
AB n
U U U U

= + +
1 2
1 1 1 1
......
b n
C C C C

Nu c n t ging nhau mc ni tip : U = nU
1
;
1
AB
C
C
n
=
Mch mc ni tip l mch phn chia hiu in th
2
1
1 2
.
C
U Q
C C
=
+

U
2
= U U
1
17. T in tch in c tch lu nng lng dng nng lng in
trng:
= = =
2
2
1 1 1
2 2 2
Q
W QU CU
C

18. Nng lng in trng :
c
t
=
2
9
.
9.10 .8
E
W V
19. Mt nng lng in trng:
C1
A B
Cn
C2
A B
C
2

C1
A B C
2
C
1

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Trang 4
c
t
=
2
9
9.10 .8
E
W

Chng II DNG IN KHNG I

1. Cng thc nh ngha cng dng in :

q
I
t
A
=
A

Vi dng in khng i :
q
I
t
=
2. in tr vt dn :
Cng thc nh ngha :
U
R
I
=
in tr theo cu to : .
l
R
S
=
: in tr sut, n v : .m O
S ph thuc ca in tr theo nhit :
| |
2 1 2 1
1 ( ) R R t t o = +
o : h s nhit in tr, n v : K
-1
,
-1

3. Cng thc nh ngha hiu in th:
=
MN
MN
A
U
q
(A : cng ca lc in trng)
4. Sut in ng ca ngun in

A
E
q
= (A : cng ca lc l )
5. Sut phn in ca my thu


'
E
A
p
q
=

6. Cng ca ngun in :
. . A E I t =

( A: phn in nng chuyn ha
thnh nng lng khc khng phi
nhit )

Trang 5
7. Cng sut ca ngun in :
. P E I =

8. Hiu sut ca ngun in :

U R
H
R r
= =
+ E


9. Cng ca dng in :
. . A U I t =

10. Cng sut ca dng in :

. P U I =
Mch ch c R :
2
2
.
U
P UI R I
R
= = =

11. in nng tiu th ca my thu in:

2
. .
. . . .
p p
A U I t
A r I t E I t
=
= +

12. Cng sut tiu th ca my thu:

2
. .
p p
P r I E I = +
13. Hiu sut ca my thu:

.
1
p
r I
H
U
=
14. nh lut Ohm cho mch kn c ngun in v my thu:

P
P
E- E
I =
R+r +r

15. Cng thc nh lut Jun Lenx :

2
. . Q R I t =
16. nh lut Ohm cho on mch ch c R

AB
AB
AB
U
I
R
=

A B


I
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