 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
y
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬

٢٦٢
  ‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  


 

 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬???‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬      
    ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫• א‬
WINDOWS 2000WINDOWS 98 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
،‫א‬،RAM ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
BIOS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K


  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 ‫א‬ K٢

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٧٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٦W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
WINDOWS 98‫א‬ •
 WINDOWS 2000 ‫א‬ •
 PCCHECK  •
DATASHEW •
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬DIAGNOSTIC SOFTWARE ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬FW
PC-CHECK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
 KEUROSOFT ‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٥٠٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬BURN-IN
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K١
‫א‬PC-CHECK  K٢
 PARALLEL‫א‬‫א‬SERIAL ‫א‬‫א‬LOOP BACK PLUG ‫א‬ K٣
 K٤

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 KPC-CHECK ‫א‬‫א‬W 

‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 A: ‫א‬pc-check ٢J ‫א‬
K‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬

 W‫א‬W 
‫א‬ SYSTEM INFORMATION MENU ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
ENTER
‫א‬SYSTEM CONFIGURATION MENU ‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
ENTER
١J ٣‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 MICROPROCESSOR TYPE 
 MICROPROCESSOR SPEED 
 ١J ٣
١J ٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
BUS TYPES




 ١J ٤

MAIN MEM.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬INSTALLED MEM.‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EXTENDED MEM.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FREE MEM. ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
١J ٥‫א‬ EXPANDED MEM. ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

INSTALLED MEMORY 
MAIN MEMORY 
FREE MEMORY 
EXTENDED MEMORY 
EXPANDED MEMORY 
١J ٥
LEVEL-1 ١J CACHE INFO.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٦J ‫א‬
١J ٦‫א‬LEVEL -2 ٢J 
LEVEL 1 CACHE 
LEVEL 2 CACHE 
 ١J ٦
 ‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬٧J ‫א‬

 W‫א‬ IRQ‫א‬W 

‫א‬IRQ INFORMATION ‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
١J ٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
IRQ No. ACTIVE DEVICE IRQ No. ACTIVE DEVICE
   
   
   
   
   
 ١J ٧
‫א‬ESC ‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 WI/O PORT ‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬

I/O PORT INFORMATION ‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
PAGE DOWN / PAGE UP ‫א‬K ENTER ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬

١J ٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
PRIMARY HARD DISK DRIVE CONTROLLER 
PORT ADDRESS
 ١J ٨
١J ٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
PORT ADDRESSES
SERIAL PORT 2: 
PARALLEL PRINTER PORT 1 : 
PRIMARY SERIAL PORT : 
 ١J ٩
 ‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W 
IDE BUSINFORMATION ‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
PRIMARY MASTER ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬SECTORS‫א‬CYLINDERS ‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
١J ١٠‫א‬HEADS
No. OF CYLINDERS : 
No. OF SECTORS : 
No. OF HEADS : 
 ١J ١٠
‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC TESTS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 WLOOP BACK PLUGE ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
KCOM 1 ‫א‬‫א‬LOOP BACK PLUG ‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
COM 1 ‫א‬SERIAL PORT ‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
١J ١١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
INTERRUPT LEVEL 
PORT TYPE 
 ١J ١١
RUN ALL SERIAL PORT TESTS ‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
١J ١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬

 ١J ١٢
‫א‬LOOP BACK ‫א‬‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬٧J ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬LOOP BACK PLUG ‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
PARALLEL PORT ‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
١J ١٣
I/O BASE ADDRESS PARALLEL LPT 1: 
١J ١٣
RUN ALL PARALLEL PORT TESTS ‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
١J ١٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬

 ١J ١٤

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

LOOP BACK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬
HARD DISK TEST ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
ANALYZE HARD DISK DRIVE ‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬ DATA BITS PER TRACK ‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
١J ١٥
DATA BITS PER TRACK 
 ١J ١٥
DRIVE MECHANICS TEST ‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
LINEAIR , FULL STROKE , AND RANDOM ‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
١J ١٦‫א‬
LINEAIR TIME 
FULL STROKE TIME 
RANDOM TIME 
 ١J ١٦
DATA TRANSFER TEST ‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
MEAN ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
١J ١٧‫א‬THROUGHPUT VALUE FOR THE HDD
MEAN THROUGHPUT 
 ١J ١٧
‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬٨J ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC TESTS MEMORY ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
ENTER ‫א‬BASE MEMORY TEST ‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬ENTER ‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
QUICK EXTENDED MEMORY TEST ‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ENTER ‫ א‬٧J ‫א‬
ENTER ‫א‬ MEMORY REFRESH TEST ‫ א‬٨J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ENTER ‫ א‬٩J ‫א‬
‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬١٠J ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS  MOTHERBOARD ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
ADVANCED
RUN ALL TESTS ‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
١J ١٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 MOTHERBOARD TESTS
SYSTEM BOARD DEVICES TESTED
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ١J ١٨
‫א‬ENTER ‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS ‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
ADVANCED

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
 VIDEO ADAPTER ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 VIDEO CARD INFORMATION ‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬ADAPTER’S MEMORY SIZE ‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
١J ١٩
ADAPTER’S MEMORY SIZE 
 19-1
‫א‬ENTER ‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS ‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
ADVANCED

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
FLOPPY DISK ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬PC-CHECK ‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
K‫א‬
WRITE PROTECT TEST ‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
ENTER ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
LINEAR READ TEST ‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
NON-DESTRUCTIVE WRITE TEST ‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
RANDOM READ /WRITE TEST ‫ א‬٧J ‫א‬
VIEW FLOPPY DISK TEST RESULTS ‫ א‬٨J ‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESC ‫ א‬١٠J ‫א‬
PC-CHECK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١١J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬W 
SHOW RESULTS SUMMARY ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
K‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬

W‫א‬
WINDOWS 2000 WINOWS 98 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
(Hardware Compatibility List ) ‫א‬‫• א‬
KWindows 2000HCL
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬
Windows 2000  Microsoft ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬١J ١‫א‬Professional
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
Intel Pentium 133 MHz CPU
 64 MB  ‫א‬‫א‬
650 MB 2 GB  ‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬
VGA ،  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬F12 x ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ١‫א‬
- ١٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

Windows 2000 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Professional
Windows 2000 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ٢‫א‬Professional
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
Intel Pentium II 350 MHz CPU
128 MB  ‫א‬‫א‬
2 GB 6.4 GB  ‫א‬‫א‬
 PCI   ‫א‬
 SVGA ،  ‫א‬
١٦‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬F24x ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 HCL ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(HCL ) ‫א‬‫א‬KWindows 2000 Professional ‫א‬
WINDOWS ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬2000
HCL.TXT ‫א‬‫א‬SUPPORT ‫א‬HCL 
 K‫א‬




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬CHECK UPGRADE ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KWINODWS
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Windows 2000 Professional ‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
١J ١‫א‬I386‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
–WINNT32 / CHECKUPGRADEONLY‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
K‫א‬C:\> WINDOWS UPGRADE.TXT 

١J ١‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬Windows 2000 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬SCANDISK ‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
 DEFRAGMENTING
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬CMOS‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ WINDOWS ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
C:WINNT  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EC:F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
FAT 32 , ‫א‬Windows 2000 Professional 

- ١٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬KNTFS ‫א‬WINDOWS 98 FAT 16
W
٢٥٥ •
 ( MASTER FILE TABLE ) ‫א‬ MFT ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(FAT 16 – FAT 32 ) ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
(TRANSACTION LOGGING ) ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫• א‬
WINDOWS 2000‫א‬FAT ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬FAT 32 2 GB ‫א‬‫א‬FAT16 ‫א‬
 2 GB 

‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ٢‫א‬


 ١J ٢‫א‬

 ‫א‬{Windows 2000 Professional   ١J ‫א‬

 ‫א‬،WINDOWS 2000 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WINDOWS 2000
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Windows 2000 Professional ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،NTFS
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬K‫א‬ NTFS ‫א‬NTFS
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬NTFS ‫א‬W
 ‫א‬KNTFS
  ‫א‬‫א‬FAT
WINDOWS 2000
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬KWindows 2000 Professional ‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
K‫א‬NTFS 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬WINDOWS 2000 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١
W‫א‬
CLH.TXT •
HCL.TXT •
HCL.EXE •
–WINNT32 / CHECKUPGRADEONLY K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬SYS •
‫א‬‫א‬EXE •
‫א‬‫א‬TXT •
NTFS ‫א‬ K٣
W٢٠٠ •
W٣٠٠ •
W٢٥٥ •
(FAT 16 – FAT 32 ) ‫א‬NTFS ‫א‬ K٤
 •
 •
‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
W‫א‬BURN-IN  K٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ •

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
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬




٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
RAM‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
BIOS‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬ K٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
windows 98‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ •
 •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫ א‬J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KIBM‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 ‫؟‬‫א‬COMLPT‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫؟‬‫א‬  
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
IDE،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESCSI
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SIMM‫א‬ •
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬?‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬

 F ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٨J ‫א‬








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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 CPU‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CPU‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KCPU
 K‫א‬CPU ‫א‬CPU
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CPU
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬CPU‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬CPU
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KBIOS

 ‫א‬‫א‬CPU‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬III٣٨٦
 KCPU‫א‬‫א‬K
 CPU‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬CPU‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬AC‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KCPU‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ IIIII
F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ZIF‫א‬E١٦٦–٦٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KCPU
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
K‫א‬١‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬E
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ZIF‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬JUMPERS‫א‬‫ א‬٨J ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F ١٠J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬COMOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١١J ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ،‫א‬CPU‫א‬‫א‬W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬CPUII
 K‫א‬CPU‫א‬
  J ٣
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KL2‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KSRAM‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KCELP‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،، ‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 COAST‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬BIOS ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
BIOSKJUMPERS ‫א‬–‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 K‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬POST  ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬JUMPERS ‫א‬
K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KJUMPERS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KJUMPERS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KBIOS‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬– K‫א‬
 KBIOS‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬K  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬L2‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬–L2‫א‬
L2K٢٥٦‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬٪٩٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٪١٠٪٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KSRAM
 K‫א‬


- ٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬L1‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
KBIOS  BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
BIOS‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬

 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ BIOS‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
KE‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬L2‫א‬
L2‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،BIOS‫א‬‫א‬L2K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WRAM‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤
‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 EDO RAM •
 ‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  



 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WSIMM‫א‬SIMM J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧٢–٣٠
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬SIMM‫א‬
–٣٢–٨‫א‬‫א‬–٣٠‫א‬
–٣٢‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 SIMM‫א‬
 K‫א‬SIMM‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KJ ٣٢‫א‬‫א‬–٧٢‫א‬
–٦٤‫א‬ –٣٢‫א‬SIMM
٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬K –SIMM٧٢‫א‬
- ٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬٨‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬٨‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬SIMM‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬SIMM‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٢٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨ 
‫א‬‫א‬KRAM‫א‬ ٣٢‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 WDIMMJ ٢
‫א‬‫א‬SIMMDIMM
?‫א‬?K
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢٥٦SIMMDIMM‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬١١F
K ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
٥٠‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٨٠،٧٠،٦٠،
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 EDO RAM
E‫א‬‫א‬FEDO RAM
‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬K٪٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬BIOS‫א‬


 RAM‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ RAM‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SIMM
 K‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 KEAC‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
SIMM‫א‬‫א‬SIMM ٤J ‫א‬
 K
٤٥‫א‬‫א‬SIMMs‫א‬ SIMM‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
٢J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 
 ٢J ١‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬? 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬SIMM ٦J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬


 ٥،٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬DIMM‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬V٥V٣{٣DIMM‫א‬ J
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬DIMM J
‫א‬DIMMK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢J ٢‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 SETUP‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


٢J ٢‫א‬
- ٢٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 Installing an Expansion Card  J ٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
bit٨‫א‬‫א‬PCIISA
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٦ISA
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
DIP‫א‬JUMPERS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬
K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

- ٢٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠J ‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬beep‫א‬––‫א‬
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
 POST
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫• א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬ KESD
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬

 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
K‫א‬DIP‫א‬JUMPERS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ DIP‫א‬JUMPERS ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
IRQ ,DAM F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ISAK‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E, I/O
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٢J ٢‫א‬EResourcesF


 ٢J ٢‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬–IRQ –‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠J ‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١١J ‫א‬
––‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬BIOS‫א‬ ١٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
 K‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 SCSI
‫א‬‫א‬ ??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SCSIK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬JUMPERS‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬EBIOSF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
KBIOS
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SCSI ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
K‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬KPOST‫א‬SCSI BIOS
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬
،SCSI??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
 ISA‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬E١٦F
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
JUMPERS ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KDIP‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ I/OIRQK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬K…COM1, COM2, LPT1F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬K‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KWindows‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬  •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KENull-modemF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬، ٥٠
 K‫א‬
‫א‬KBIOS‫א‬‫א‬COMWBIOS‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KEEnabledF
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KIRQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KIRQ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬Edial-upF‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،EECPEPP , SPPF‫א‬‫א‬،EF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
‫א‬٢J ١‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ 
ELPTF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
DMA I/O‫א‬ IRQ  ‫א‬‫א‬
DMA3 h٣٧٨ IRQ7 LPT1

  h٢٧٨ IRQ5 LPT2

 ٢J ١
‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬

- ٣٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

،‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬  ٣J ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IRQ‫א‬WBIOS‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
،BIOS
KE٢J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FLPT1‫א‬LRQ7
،IRQ5‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KLPT2‫א‬IRQ5
 K‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
‫א‬KESPP, EPP, ECPF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KBIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EPP‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ECP‫א‬WECP‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
IRQ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K–
 –‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬IRQECP‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬DMA ECPK
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
Windows 9X‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KWindows 2000


- ٣٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬COM1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬COM3‫א‬ •
W‫א‬COM4COM2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬COM2‫א‬‫א‬KIRQ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
COM‫א‬‫א‬KIRQ COM‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ I/O
‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬JUMPERS‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 LPT‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬KEPP‫א‬ECP‫א‬ ‫א‬
 BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬  •
‫א‬ K‫א‬
 ‫א‬،E‫א‬
‫א‬IEEE-1284‫א‬ECP‫א‬‫א‬K
 KEPP‫א‬

 USBLEEE 1394
 ‫א‬‫א‬USB‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEFirewire‫א‬FIEEE 1394
SCSI??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،PCIUBS K٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬pnp‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬

 Windows NT‫א‬‫א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬Windows 98, 2000
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 USB
 ‫א‬‫א‬USB‫א‬‫א‬
  
  Windows‫א‬‫א‬KUSB‫א‬
‫א‬USB‫א‬‫א‬٢J ٣‫א‬K USB‫א‬
 KWindows

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  



 ٢J ٣
E ‫א‬
 F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬ K
‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–USBK‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،USB
‫א‬KBIOS‫א‬‫א‬USB‫א‬WUSB •
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬
BIOSUSB‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬KUSB
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬
ERoot hubF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EINFF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ErefreshF??‫א‬‫א‬
 KWindowsINF‫א‬USB.INF
IRQUSB‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
USB‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
IRQUBS‫א‬‫א‬KUSB‫א‬
 K
- ٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 USB‫א‬IRQ
 USB‫א‬IRQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬? ‫א‬‫א‬?Device Manager‫א‬‫א‬? ١J ‫א‬
،‫א‬K‫א‬?Computer
K٢J ٤‫א‬


 ٢J ٤‫א‬
‫א‬IRQ?
 ‫א‬?reserve resource‫א‬‫א‬? ٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬?OK‫א‬?‫א‬USB‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬?USB host device USB?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬?
 K?remove
IRQUSB‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
 K
‫א‬IRQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
 K٢‫א‬
- ٤٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 Enabling IRQ SteeringIRQ
KPCIIRQ‫א‬USB‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬IRQ
 KEPropertiesF‫א‬‫א‬PCI BUS‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 ?IRQ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬?EIRQ SteeringF?‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WResolving Resource Conflicts‫א‬‫א‬ J ٦
‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬Windows‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬
 Windows‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬ECF ،E>F‫א‬،EIFW
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
IRQ‫א‬‫א‬KIRQ ‫א‬
 JUMPERS ‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KIRQ9IRQ2IRQ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬DIP
IRQ9IRQ2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬٨
‫א‬،IRQ2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
 K‫א‬‫א‬IRQ9
‫א‬ FNIC،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EIRQ‫א‬ ‫א‬
FCOM4EFCOM2K
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 EIRQF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
IRQ
 ‫א‬‫א‬KIRQ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows
EMY ComputerF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬EPropertiesF‫א‬K
 ‫א‬EDeviceManagerF‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KENY ComputerF
 K٢J ٤‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬EView resourcesF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬EIntereupt requestF
٢J ٢‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬pnp‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١–٧‫א‬KIRQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ IRQ
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٠
 ‫א‬  ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢
 ٢٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٣
 ١٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٦
LPT1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٧
RTC‫א‬‫א‬CMOS  ٨
MPEG  ٩
 ‫א‬  ١٠
VGA  ١١

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬ IRQ
PS/2  ١٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٣
 ‫א‬IDE  ١٤
 ‫א‬IDE  ١٥
 ٢J ٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ IRQ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬FIRQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬IRQ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ IRQ‫א‬K‫א‬E‫א‬
 IRQK‫א‬
 KIRQ‫א‬IRQ

 Windows‫א‬IRQ‫א‬
IRQ‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬PnP
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EHF‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KWindows
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬WEiF‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬،I/O‫א‬IRQ‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 KWindows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬JUMPERS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬DIP
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣

 DMA‫א‬
،DMAKDMA‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EIRQFDMA
 K‫א‬‫א‬I/O‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬I/O‫א‬‫א‬W 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EDevice ManagerF‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬EPropertiesF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬KEResourcesF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Use automatic F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
 KESetting

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

KEChange SettingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
 K
‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬E‫א‬FOK‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬?‫ א‬٧J ‫א‬
 K
ESafe ModeF‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬K  ‫א‬،WindowsF8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 Windows‫א‬‫א‬
،Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
EFile SystemF‫א‬‫א‬EPerformanceF‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KETrounleshootingF
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
E? ‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

  ‫א‬K 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬–
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٢J ٥‫א‬K‫א‬
 EGeneralF
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
ESolutionsFWindows 2000Windows 98EStatus BoxF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ٢J ٥
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

  ،E٣٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W٦‫א‬ •
‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ BIOSW٩‫• א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬BIOS
، ‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٢‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬W١٥‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WindowsW١٦‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ WindowsW٢٧‫• א‬
 K
 ،‫א‬KBIOS‫א‬W٢٩‫• א‬
‫א‬
 KBIOS‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IRQW٣٠‫• א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬IRQ

 IRQ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IRQ‫א‬
F‫א‬EHF‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 KESystem devices
 K‫א‬‫א‬PCI BUS ) PCIF‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
٢J ٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IRQ Steering ) IRQF‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

KUse IRQ Steering ) IRQF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IRQ
 WIRQ‫א‬IRQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ٢J ٦‫א‬
W(Advanced Configuration & power Interface) ACPI J
‫א‬‫א‬ACPI .IRQIRQ
 K‫א‬‫א‬
WMS‫א‬ J
KIRQ‫א‬‫א‬Microsoft‫א‬
WPCI BIOS 2.1‫א‬‫ א‬J
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
IRQ KPCI
KIRQ
WPCI BIOS 2. 1‫א‬‫ א‬J
KIRQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، PCI BIOS‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KBIOSKERNAL32.DLL
‫א‬‫א‬IRQ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IRQ‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 EBIOS Updates and Flash BiosFBIOSBIOS J ٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ BIOS‫א‬
ROM‫א‬‫א‬BIOS ROM‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KBIOS‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬Electrostatic Discharge ) ESDF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K
 K
FLASH EPROMPROMEEPROM‫א‬
BIOS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬BIOS
‫א‬‫א‬Flash BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PROM
 K

Dangers of Flashing  ‫א‬
‫א‬BIOS ROM‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
BIOS‫א‬‫א‬KEFBIOS
‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،AMIAward،‫א‬BIOS‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

   ‫א‬‫א‬ BIOS

 ‫א‬‫א‬ROM BIOSK
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ،‫א‬
Uninterruptible power Supply ) UPSF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 BIOS‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬BIOS‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬K

 BIOS‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 BIOS EPROM‫א‬BIOS‫א‬–١

 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ BIOS‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬F  ‫א‬EPauseF‫א‬
،‫א‬K
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ASUS
‫א‬xxxxFA0-xxxx٤٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
A0-0614٤٠١‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EBIOS
 KE٠٦١٤FBIOS‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬–٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KBIOS‫א‬‫א‬WEB
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KBIOS‫א‬ •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K •
 KBIOS‫א‬‫א‬

 BIOS‫א‬
 WBIOS‫א‬‫א‬
KBIOS‫א‬ BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
ROMKROM
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
‫א‬EPROM BIOS ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

 BIOS‫א‬‫א‬
BIOS‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WK‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬Flash Bios •
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ EEPROM‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬PCI‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KFlash BIOS
‫؟‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫؟‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬BIOS EEPROM •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
pnp‫א‬BIOS‫א‬   KBIOS‫א‬‫א‬
 Kpnp

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KBIOS‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬BIOS J ١
K‫א‬ ‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٢J ٧


 ٢J ٨

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

، ١{١٢‫א‬BIOS‫א‬٢J ٨‫א‬
 ٢J ٩‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ٢J ٩
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢


 ٢J ١٠
٢J ٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬IC14.ROM٦٢٧BIOSFLASH634.COM
 ٢J ١٠‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  



 ٢J ١١
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢J ١١‫א‬



 ٢J ١٢
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬


 ٢J ١٣
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SETUP BIOS‫א‬
 ٢J ١٣‫א‬١{١٤

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٨
،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WPOST POWER-ON SELF-TEST
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬BEEP‫א‬E‫א‬
،BEEPK‫א‬،BEEPW‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K،،BEEP،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬،BEEP
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬JUMPERS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
K
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٧J ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ROM BIOS،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬
‫א‬ K–‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
USB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬K‫א‬KKKKK،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬BEEP
E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FPOST‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KBEEP‫א‬
K‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
COMSJUMPER‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬COMS ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
K‫א‬L2CACHE
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬RAM‫א‬  ٨J ‫א‬

K‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬JUMPERS‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،BIOS ‫א‬‫א‬ ١١J ‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١٣J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬EFUSEF
K

 W،‫א‬،BEEP
E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FPOST‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬BIOS ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IDE
IDE 1‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬SCSI‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬BIOSSCSI BIOSK‫א‬
 K ‫א‬SCSI
BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SCSI
SCSI‫א‬KSCSISCSI
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
KMS-DOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
 FDISKMBR‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
FDSIK / MBRW‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬ K  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
K
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
RAM‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬

 ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٩J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١
‫• א‬
‫• א‬
‫• א‬
‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
 •
 •
 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
BIOS •
WINDOWS •
DOS •
 KKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٤
 RAM •
‫א‬ •
 •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٥
 W‫א‬
L1 •
L2 •
 EDO RAM •
 SIMMDIMMJ ٦
 •
 •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬

٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
SCSI‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬ K٦

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٧٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٦W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 •
 ٣{٥‫א‬ •

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬J ١
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
StorageStandard CMOS SettingsCMOS
 ‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬
KMB١{٤٤،–٣{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬AW‫א‬
COMS
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤J ١‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
WBWAF‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 KBW–٣{٥COMS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E


 ٤J ١

 WCMOS‫א‬
 Swap Floppy device
K‫א‬WBAW‫א‬swap floppy device‫א‬‫א‬
CMOS‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،WA‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 Boot up Floppy seek

‫א‬‫א‬seek Boot Up Floppy‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬post‫א‬

 Boot Sequence
WA‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
FCD-ROM ‫א‬ KWC‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬CD-ROM،WC،A: ‫א‬،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ Windows 2000
  ‫א‬CMOSBoot sequence ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EWCWAF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 >CMOS‫א‬‫א‬KCMOS‫א‬
 (‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A,C,SCSL ) •
 C,A,SCSL •
 C,CDROM,A •
 (‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C,CDROM,C,A ) •
 SCSL,A,C •
 SCSL,C,A •
 E  ‫א‬‫א‬C only ) •
 LS/ZIP,C •
  ‫א‬K  ‫א‬Boot sequence‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ CD-ROM
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Onboard FDD Controller
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬I/O‫א‬
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 Floppy 3 Mide support

٤J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CMOS
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬MB١{٢KCMOS
 Mode 3‫א‬

 Report No FDD For Win 95
‫א‬CMOS‫א‬Report No FDD For Win 95 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FIRQ 6‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬>‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KIRQ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬IRO 6‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PnP
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IRQ

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
K ٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬my computer‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬Format‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬capacity‫א‬‫א‬K‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Format Type‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KB٧٢٠MB١{٤٤‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ،EFQuick ƒ
 ،EFFULL ƒ
 KE‫א‬FCopy system Files only ƒ
KOther options‫א‬
NO Label‫א‬K ‫א‬DOS‫א‬‫א‬

 Display summary when finished‫א‬{K
‫א‬KEbad sectorsF‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢١٥
 KCopy system Files‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 COMS‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ CMOS
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KCMOS‫א‬MB١{٤٤–٣{٥WA

- ٦٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

A: 3.5
 F‫א‬‫א‬ECMOSFCMOS‫א‬
 KE
CMOS‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬CMOSK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 FDD‫א‬Post‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 Drive Not ReadyCONTROLLER FAILURE

 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Onboard FDD  ‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
EFController
 L،‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 KEJoystickF‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K L‫א‬٣J ١ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  



 ٣J ١‫א‬
 ٣J ‫א‬

 ‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬٣٤‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEDriveChangeF
،RAM‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬Windows
>‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬ K 
LED  ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬LED
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬LED ‫א‬
‫א‬POSTFDDKE‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٥{٢٥FK‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬> ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣J ٢‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ٣J ٢‫א‬

 IDE/ATA/ATAPI‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٤
IDE ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
 WIDE
  ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

- ٦٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–ESD

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬E٤٠F‫א‬ ‫א‬K
‫א‬K 
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ Y‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬JUMPERS ‫א‬ K٣
IDE
  ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

   ‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Pentium‫א‬‫א‬FK  ‫א‬
،EIDE‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬EID/ATA
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬IDE‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
KIDE/ATA‫א‬١٨‫א‬IDE‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K ٤٠٨٠‫א‬ ATA-100ATA-66‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬IDEBIOS‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 KEAUTOF‫א‬‫א‬IDE
‫א‬‫א‬Windows٩٨‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
‫א‬X‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESystem InformationF‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

?? ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬KEaccessories/system toolsF‫א‬
K‫א‬٣J ٣‫א‬K?‫א‬?‫א‬?‫א‬
 KJAZZIP–‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
?‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬


 ٣J ٣‫א‬

 SCSI‫א‬‫א‬J ٥
Troubleshooting SCSI CD – ROM Drive
W‫א‬SCSI‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SCSIKKSCSI‫א‬
 ‫א‬KSCSI‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،JUMPERS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬SCSI ٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬SCSI ٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬SCSI‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 IDE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬IDE.ATA
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬IDE 
  ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE ‫א‬‫א‬FE‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬IDE
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،IDE
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

–‫א‬‫א‬–DMA‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬DMA،‫א‬‫א‬
EMy computerF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 K?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F?‫א‬?ECD_ROMF?‫א‬‫א‬?‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬E١٧–٩
K‫א‬‫א‬ESettingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
٣J ٤?EDMAF‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 KDMA،
K‫א‬‫א‬DMA‫א‬


 ٣J ٤‫א‬
–EAuto insert notificationF?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
??‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٦
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
KEDAF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KEF‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ،RAM‫א‬ •
 ،‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
٥J ٣‫א‬‫א‬


٥J ٣‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬‫א‬?‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
???‫א‬ESupplemental CacheF?‫א‬
EOptimize access pattern forF‫א‬
KEQuad speed or higherF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KX٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
CD SymantecSpeeddrive 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

CD Speedster،CircuitQuick Cache
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KSyncronys







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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
KMB١٠٢{٥{٢٥ •
KMB٧٢٠{٣{٥ •
KMB١{٤٤{٣{٥ •
KMB٢{٨٨{٣{٥ •

 E‫א‬F‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬ •
K •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬١‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬٣٤‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٤
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬ •
WB‫א‬WA‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKKKKKKK‫א‬WindowsJ ٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
BA •
DC •
DA •

 KKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٦
٦٨ •
٤٠ •
٣٦ •
٣٤ •

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٧
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬{
Non – System disk or disk error
Replace and strike any key when ready
 ‫؟‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ •
.CMOS‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٨
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫؟‬٣{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٩
Molex •
Sub-mini •
Mini •
P1 •

K‫א‬SCSI, C, A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١٠
 ‫؟‬‫א‬
BIOS •
 •
My Computer •
CMOS‫א‬‫א‬ •


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬

٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K٢

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٠W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬WINDOWS 2000WINDOWS 98‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬
GDISK , ULTIMATE BOOT DISK ,SPINRITEW‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 

 W
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬ •

 W‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
BOOT SECTOR‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 WBOOT SECTOR‫א‬ K٢{١
MASTER ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
TARTITION TABLE‫א‬BOOT RECORD –MBR
DOS BOOT RECORD - DBR‫א‬BIOS‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
IBMDOS.COMMS-DOS.SYSIBMBIO.COMIO.SYS‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬MBR–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 W‫א‬‫א‬DBR


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 ١J 
 ‫א‬DEBUG‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
STERTUP DISK‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬MS-DOS‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
DEBUG MBR.DAT  ‫א‬
A  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 MOV DX,9000 
 MOV EX,DX 
 XOR BX,BX 
 MOV CX,0001 
 MOV DX,0080 
 MOV AX,0201 
 INT 13 
 INT 20 
 ↵ 
 G 
 R CX 
 200 
 W 9000:00 
 Q 

‫א‬‫א‬DEBUGMBR
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EMBR.DATF
 ‫א‬‫א‬W


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 

DEBUG MBR.DAT 
 L 9000:0 
 A 
 MOV DX,9000 
 MOV ES,DX 
 XOR BX,BX 
 MOV CX,0001 
 MOV DX,0080 
 MOV AX,0301 
 INT 13 
 INT 20 
 ↵ 
 G 
 Q 

 ٢J 
 DBR‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬DEBUG
DEBUG DBR.BIN 
 L 100 2 0 1 
 R CX 
 200 
 W 
 Q 


- ٨٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
DEBUGDBR‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EDBR.BINF‫א‬‫א‬
 DEBUG DBR.BIN 
 W 100 2 0 1 
 Q 

 ٣J 
Ultimate Boot Disk‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬MBR‫א‬

www.smartdisk.com‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬> ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬PARTITION TABEL‫א‬BOOT SECTORS
 W

Ultimate Boot Disk‫א‬‫א‬  J ١

٤J ١‫א‬


 UBD‫א‬‫א‬W٤J ١‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
٤J ٢‫א‬More Tools‫א‬،UBD‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢


 DRIVE MEDICW٤J ٢‫א‬
٤J ٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Drive Medic‫ א‬J ٣


 ٤J ٣‫א‬
 WA‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SAVE MBRJ ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬W



- ٨٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢{٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬
‫א‬K
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،EERDF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،Active Directory  ‫א‬

 KSYSVOL‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،KNTFSFAT‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬NTFS
 ‫א‬،Windows 2000‫א‬NTFS
‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،Windows 2000
،‫א‬‫א‬EEFSF‫א‬،
 ‫א‬
NTFS‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
NTFSFAT‫א‬Windows 2000‫א‬
 KWindows NT 4.0‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 


 windows 98backup


WINDOWS 2000backup

- ٨٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ،bkfK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،Zip، ‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
،
  ، W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K،‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،،K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫؛‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ??‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ??‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫?א‬KE‫א‬،F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 ‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬،F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬،K
 ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EbkfKF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١٣J ‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬W 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K •
 K •
 K •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Installation ErrorsW‫א‬ •
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ א‬K١
 ،CMOS‫א‬ K٢
 ‫ א‬K٣
 K‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ConnectivityW‫• א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬
 W،‫א‬‫א‬K
 EHard-drive errorF‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ENo fixed disks presentF‫א‬ •
 HDD controller failure ) HDDF •
 ENo boot device availableF •
 EDrive not foundF •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
،‫א‬ IDE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EF‫א‬   
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KHDD
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
 K‫א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ESlaveFEmasterF
 CMOSW‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬K‫א‬
W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 KLAB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬CMOS
 KCMOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ECMOS ( CMOS configuration mismatch‫א‬ •
 ENo boot device availableF •
 EDrive not foundF‫• א‬
 EMissing operating systemF •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Partitions‫• א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
CMOS‫א‬‫א‬?Invalid Drive specification?‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬KFDISK
FDISK‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 Format‫• א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?Drive is not accessible?‫א‬Windows
 K‫א‬K?Invalid Media Type?‫א‬‫א‬LWC

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W 
FDISK Norton Ghost utilities‫א‬GDISK
 WFORMAT
 ƒ
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
batch file‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ

 W‫א‬
gdisk disk /cre {/pri| /ext| /log} [/sz: {MB|pcent{p|%}}]
[ /for [/q] [/v[:label]] ] [/-32] [/ntfat16]
disk ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
/cre partition‫א‬
/pri  primary DOS partition.‫א‬‫א‬
/ext  extended DOS partition.‫א‬‫א‬
/log  logical DOS.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
/sz:MB MB.‫א‬
/sz:pcent{p|%}  ٪‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
/for  FAT‫א‬
 FAT12W16MB‫א‬‫א‬ -
FAT16: 512MB 16MB ‫א‬‫א‬ -
 FAT 32 W512 MB‫א‬‫א‬ -
/q K‫א‬/for ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬/for ‫א‬‫א‬
/v[:label]  ‫א‬‫א‬
/-32  ‫א‬FAT 32 ‫א‬
batch: .gg ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
/hide  ‫א‬
/-hide ‫א‬


 W
GDISK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
GDISK 1 /del /all ↵ ‫א‬‫א‬
GDISK 1 /cre /pri /for /q /sz:34%↵  ‫א‬‫א‬
GDISK 1 /cre /ext ↵ ‫א‬‫א‬
GDISK 1 /cre /log /for /q /sz:33%↵ ‫א‬‫א‬
GDISK 1 /cre /log /for /q ↵ ‫א‬‫א‬


 Wbatch file‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EDIT‫א‬J ١
# delete all partitions
/del /all
# create primary DOS partition
/cre /pri /for /q /SZ:34%
/cre /ext
# create logical DOS partition
/cre /log /for /q /SZ:33%
/cre /log /for /q
- ٩٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
3_P.GG‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
GDISK 1 /batch:3_P.gg
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬

1 / batch:3_P.gg
2 / batch:3_P.gg
 2_3_p.gg‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

gdisk /batch:2_3_p.gg

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 Corrupted data on good sectors
‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬KK،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬KWindows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

• They “The following file is missing or corrupt”
• “The download location information is damaged
• “Unable to load file”

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
• “Cannot find COMMAND.COM”
• “Error loading operating system”
• “Invalid BOOT.INI”
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Sector not found reading drive c: Abort , Retry , Fail ?

‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
Properties‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬Tools‫א‬Check Now‫א‬‫א‬K

windows 2000windows 9x‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
KAFT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

Kwindows 98‫א‬‫א‬٤J ٤ ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬Dos‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Scan Disk‫א‬
 KWindows 2000‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 


 windows 98‫א‬‫א‬٤J ٤‫א‬


Thorough‫א‬Wwindows 98‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Standard‫א‬،‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬Windows 98،Windows 2000 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
  F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F

 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬scan disk‫א‬‫א‬
 Extract / Expand Extract / Expand‫א‬

BAD CLUSTER‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬CDE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ECabinet file‫א‬FCABWindows
 CAB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KCAB
‫א‬‫א‬CABW ‫א‬
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
Expand ( Windows ‫א‬windows 95/98 ) ExtractF‫א‬Microsoft
‫א‬ABC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2000
K‫א‬‫א‬KECD – ROMF‫א‬
 KExtract‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ CAB‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KOlepro32. DLL 
FDOS‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬Windows
Extract‫א‬Start/programs/MS-DOS prompt ) Windows
 W‫א‬‫א‬CBA
 Extract/y/A Win98-21.CAB OLEPRO32.DLL
K ‫א‬Win98-21.CAB‫א‬CBA‫א‬Extract
‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬EXTRACT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬LEXTRACT
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
‫א‬‫א‬KExpand‫א‬
Windows 2000‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬Extract/EXPAND
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CMDStart/Run
 KJ WF‫א‬
١٣٨٦‫א‬‫א‬CABMWWDM.SYS‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ELWX‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 LWEXPAND X:/1386/*.CAB-F:MWWDM.SYS C


 ٤J ٥‫א‬
‫א‬E:/1386‫א‬CABEXPAND
LWC‫א‬MWWDM.SYS
 K

 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
My Computer‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
• Invalid partition .
• Bas or Missing Command Interpreter
K  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KMBRK‫א‬Ultimate boot Disk‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬MBR‫א‬
W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 EMBRFW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A
FDISK/MBR
 ‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 Corrupted Data on Bad Sectors
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Eeror correction codeFECC‫א‬‫א‬

ECCK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FAT‫א‬KFAT‫א‬
CK
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ECC
‫א‬Spinrite‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KGibson Research
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ESS
Spinrite‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 NTFS‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Spinrite‫א‬

Spinrite‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 
 SPINRITE‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬spinrite
‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
spinrite‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
SPINRITEW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬boot‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
٤J ٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬


٤J ٦‫א‬
Woptions‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
1. View or Change Settings
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2. Hard Drive Information
 ‫א‬‫א‬
3. Perform Drive Benchmarks
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤J ٧‫א‬View or change settings‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬

 ٤J ٧‫א‬
. Select SpinRite Operations‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬١K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢K‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ٣K‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ٤K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٥K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
Begin SpinRite ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ اﺧﺘﺮ‬ ٦J ‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ



‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SpinRite‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬>
 ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K>

- ١٠٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 W‫א‬

K‫א‬IDELEIDE‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 E‫א‬F‫؟‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ K

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫• א‬
‫• א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬IDE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
ATA •
IDE‫א‬٤٠ •
 •
‫א‬ •
‫א‬IDE‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 ‫؟‬‫א‬
١ •
٢ •
٣ •
•
- ١٠٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬IDE‫א‬K K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬IDE‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
 ‫؟‬‫א‬IDE‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬{ •
‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٧
 ‫؟‬‫א‬AT‫א‬
٥٠٤ •
٥٠٤ •
٥٢٨ •
 •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{IDE‫א‬ K٨
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
enhanced , cylinders , heads , sectors) ECHSF •
Normal •
enhanced block addressing) EBAF •
logical block addressing) LBAF •
٨٠J ‫א‬KATA/66‫א‬K٩
 ‫؟‬‫א‬٤٠J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
ATA/66‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
ATA‫א‬‫א‬ •
- ١٠٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KWC‫א‬K١٠
• FDISK C:/SYSTEM
• FDISK C:/S
• FORMAT C:/SYSTEM
• FORMAT C:/S



- ١٠٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K١
‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬ K٥

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٦W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 •
 •
 •
 •
 ‫א‬ •

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ١٠٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 AGP‫א‬‫א‬KPCI‫א‬‫א‬ PCI
AGP،Pentium‫א‬‫א‬KAGP
‫א‬FWindows 95 OSR2‫א‬K‫א‬
Windows 2000 , Windows NT , Windows 98E١٩٩٦‫א‬OEM‫א‬
 KAGP‫א‬AGP‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬Windows
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬DIP‫א‬JUMPERS ‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬،‫א‬–AGP–‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬WINDOWS 95
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
K‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،IRQ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
 K
BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E DEL،F2،F1 F‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KCMOS‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
VGA palette snoop, DAC Snoop, hidden refresh ,Byte MergeF
EVideo Bios shadow , cache RAM
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬DOS Debug Utility ) DosF
 K‫א‬
 KEMS-Dos promptF‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 KEJ F‫א‬‫א‬KEnter‫א‬DEBUG‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 K?d C000 : 0010?‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬D‫א‬،‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K٥J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Enter‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ٥J ١‫א‬

 ‫א‬RAM‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KEISA, AGP , PCL…F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KMB٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬RAM‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٥J ٢‫א‬
‫א‬RAM‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Video F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EDevices and I/O portsF‫א‬Startup
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESetup
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 ٥J ٢‫א‬

 ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Kwindows
،‫א‬F8Windows‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 KESafe ModeF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬K
،‫א‬EpropertiesF??‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
EadvancedF?‫א‬?‫א‬ESettingsF?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬
 K‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬E FEadapterF?‫א‬?‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬?EoptimalF?‫א‬?
٥J ٣‫א‬EadapterdefaultF

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 
 ٥J ٣‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬?‫א‬?‫א‬،HZ٧٢HZ٧٠‫א‬

 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Windows‫א‬

 W
K ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  



 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢

 Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،–١٦٦٤٠C٤٨٠
 K
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ?‫א‬‫א‬?‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 ?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
??‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬??‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
?‫א‬ PCI‫א‬‫א‬K?‫א‬
 ?‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬ K?PCI? ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ?‫א‬VGA
 K
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EautorunF‫א‬
?‫א‬?Eadd hardwareF??‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬windows

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ،K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Post‫א‬ Beep‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬beep‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
beep‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬K‫א‬BIOS
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬FWindows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KEGraphics AdapterF‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KWindows
EDisplayF‫א‬K‫א‬EpropertiesF
ESettingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬EControl panelF
 ‫א‬EAdvancedF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬EMonitorF‫א‬‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
EChangeF‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬?Update Device Driver Wizard?‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

- ١١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬Fuse ‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬AC

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬EPropertiesF‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 KESettingsF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬EColors‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
٥J ٤‫א‬EScreen Area‫א‬F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 
 ٥J ٤‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬،?‫א‬?‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E–٨F٢٥٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٦٤٠C٤٨٠‫א‬
‫א‬K?APPLY?‫א‬،‫א‬VGA
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٧J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KVGA‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEScreen SaverF‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Energy Star‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ESettingsF
EPower ManagementF‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
 Energy Star‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
?Never‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬?Save as?‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

CRT‫א‬
CRT‫א‬،‫א‬CRT٪٧٠‫א‬
Resources F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
CRT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬RCRTEConservation & Recovery ACT
،RCRA
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W •
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
CD Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬MidiWavaudio

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


ESpeakerF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Speaker outPhones،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KEF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
CPI‫א‬IRQ ،IRQ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬IRQKE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FBIOS
‫א‬IRQ‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
W‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
W‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


WMIDI •
، Windows‫א‬Midi t‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬? Midi‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬MIDIWindows‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬MIDIL‫א‬‫א‬
 KMIDIL‫א‬‫א‬MIDI
WCD Audio •
‫א‬  ‫א‬،CD audio
 ‫א‬‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬PNP‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 WK‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
DIALUP F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EMODEMF‫א‬
EMY COMPUTERF‫א‬ENETWORKING
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K
،‫א‬COM‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ISP‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫؟‬Windows 9x‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬Multimedia‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 Audio, MIDI
 Properties‫א‬Multimedia‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 Start/Programs/Accessories/System Tools/System Information‫• א‬
Device ‫א‬‫א‬{System‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{Manager
Resources‫א‬‫א‬Properties‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬F‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 L‫א‬ •
 IRQs •
 DMAs •

 WAGP K٣
• ADAPTOR GRAPHICS PORT
• ACCELERATED GRAPHICS PORT
• ADVANCED GRAPHICS PORT

VERTICAL SIGNALHz٨٥REFRESH RATE K٤

 W
• 11.8 ms
• 0.117 ms
• 12 ms

 W‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
• VERTICAT
• HORIZONTAL

- ١٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
٥ •
١٥ •
٢٥ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
ISA •
PCI •
AGP •

 W‫א‬PCI K٨
• PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERNATIONAL
• PERIPHERAL COMMAND INTERCONNECT
• PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERCONNECT

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
 COM‫א‬ •
 LPT‫א‬ •


 ‫א‬‫א‬PNP‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
 •
  •








- ١٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٦
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬ K٢

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٤W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
WIN2000WIN98‫א‬ K١
 ‫א‬ K٢
  K٣
 K٤
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ١٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


Troubleshooting the Keyboard ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬v٢٠v٥{٥H–‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬Ps/2
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 USB‫א‬‫א‬UBS

Solving Keyboard Boot Sequence Problems‫א‬
Post‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Beep‫א‬Beep‫א‬POST‫א‬
BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
 K‫א‬beep‫א‬‫א‬BIOS
 ،POST‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣٩٩٣٠٠‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


POST‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

Windows‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Windows MeEWindows 9xF
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WSpeed‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
EshortFElongF‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEFastF
٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ •
‫א‬KEAddF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬Windows ،
‫א‬
K‫א‬K‫א‬

 Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EAccessibility OptionsF‫א‬‫א‬Windows
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦J ١‫א‬‫א‬?Keyboard‫א‬?
ALTControlShift‫א‬WESticks KeysF‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


Control+ALT+ Delete‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ALT+ F7 +Control
‫א‬‫א‬EFiller KeysF‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬? ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ WEToggle KeysF‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J Caps lock . Num lock–
K‫א‬


٦J ١‫א‬

 ‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬WEHalt On ErrorsF‫• א‬

K ‫א‬POST‫א‬
 ‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  



 K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS?all errors but keyboard?
 K‫א‬
‫א‬EyesF‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Wkeyboard Present •
 ‫א‬EnoF
FBIOSWindows‫א‬Typematic Dela •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WTypematic •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬USB‫א‬WUSB‫א‬‫• א‬
BIOS‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Ps/2 USB،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE٩FDb-9‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،٩‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ٢٥‫א‬
 K٢٥‫א‬‫א‬٩٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
 ،com3com2‫א‬‫א‬٢٥
IRQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 I/O‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬PS/2‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬PS/2

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  



 ‫א‬‫א‬PS/2‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

 ‫א‬PS/2‫א‬K‫א‬DIN
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PS/2‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEFPnP‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
Windows‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
COM‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
EDisabledF‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EEnabledF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?start‫א‬?Windows‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬??Open?‫א‬ERUNF
Etop‫א‬‫א‬F?Browse‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬Control.EXE
EControl EXEF‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬
 KEControlF‫א‬
Add New hardwareY ‫א‬Tap‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
<Enter‫א‬‫א‬
FWindows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
 E‫א‬?Next‫א‬?

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows ٤J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

PS/2
Ps/2‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬Facto de‫א‬
COM‫א‬IRQIRQPs/2W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 PS/2‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
WindowsPnPPS/2
F‫א‬‫א‬{K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬

 USB 
USBK‫א‬WUSB
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EHot SwapF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ -٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ -٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
>COM‫א‬–‫א‬ ‫א‬،IRQ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬IRQ4‫א‬‫א‬COM2‫א‬
 KIRQIRQ12‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،  PS/2‫א‬ -٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

Windows ‫א‬‫א‬
–?‫א‬?‫א‬?‫א‬–‫א‬
٦J ٢‫א‬–‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EButtonF‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ WEPointersF‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEMotionF‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESpeedF‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬EFastF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ESlowFK‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٣٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ٦J ٢‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K١
  •
  •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ps/2 K٢
‫א‬‫א‬
  •
  •
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
POST
  •
  •
 Beep‫א‬POST‫א‬ K٤
  •
  •
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K٥
 Filler KeysF‫א‬ •
 Toggle KeysF‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 keyboard Present •
 Typematic Dela •
 ،POST‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K٧
 K٣٩٩٣٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
  •
 •


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬

٧
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
Windows‫א‬‫א‬ K١
  ‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٦

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
  J ١
  J ٢
 ‫א‬ J ٣
  J ٤

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


Windows‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Windows 9x K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬windows NTwindows 2000
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Windows‫א‬
ESettingsF
 ‫א‬‫א‬ECONTROL PanelF‫א‬‫א‬EPrintersF
?EPrintersF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EStartF‫א‬
 E٧J ١‫א‬‫א‬FAdd Printer


 ٧J ١‫א‬
 
 WWindows‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ESettingsF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEPrintersF‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
 EPrintersF‫א‬‫א‬ESettingsF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EControl PanelF‫א‬EMyComputerF
 K‫א‬‫א‬ KEPrintersF
EAdd PrinterF‫א‬‫א‬W ٢J ‫א‬
 E٧J ١`‫א‬‫א‬F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬?Properties?K‫א‬
Default‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K
‫א‬ Switchbox ‫א‬‫א‬
 –‫א‬– ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
…A.B.C  ‫א‬‫א‬A/B‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
– –‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ •
UPS‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KUPS ‫א‬‫א‬
UPS‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
UPS‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٣٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫• א‬
‫א‬KEVacuumF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬W‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Printer‫א‬W   The
‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬   ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEonlineF‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EON lineF‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬online‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬DB – 25‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬ 
 KON Line
‫א‬‫א‬ECP‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 IEEE- 284 –ECP
F‫א‬K‫א‬‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬E‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K
،‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  W‫א‬‫א‬W
K‫א‬‫א‬J Windows–‫א‬‫ א‬١J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬{K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬

Connecting a Printer to a Pc ‫א‬‫א‬
 KLPT1،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
DB- ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WDB – 25 •
–DB -25‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٦J ١٦،25
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E١٦F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W٣٦ •
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬HP- IB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 DB- 25‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬WUBS •
‫א‬‫א‬ USB‫א‬‫א‬
Scanner‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬USBZip
‫א‬USB‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬USB‫א‬ USB
‫א‬FIrDA‫א‬‫א‬WIrDA •
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KLRDA‫א‬EPDAF‫א‬‫א‬

E١٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣٠‫א‬IEEE١٢٨٤  ،٩J ١٢‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠‫א‬K٥٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Ozone‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

MirrorsW‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W،

 Fuser Pads and Rollers‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


Troubleshooting Dot Matrix Pringers ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
E،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
Online ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

Troubleshooting Ink Jet Printers ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫• א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ •
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
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
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 UPS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
  •
  •
 ،‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 LPT1 •
COM1 •
 COM2 •
USB •
K……‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 LPT1 •
COM1 •
 COM2 •
USB •

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 ‫• א‬
 ‫• א‬
 ‫א‬ •
KE،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ •


- ١٤٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٨
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬ K٣

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٦W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
  J ١
 ‫א‬ J ٢
 ‫א‬ J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬



- ١٤٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬

PM PC-Preventive MaintenanceW‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٨J ١‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 windows  Windows   
 ‫א‬L‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
C:/TEMPTMP‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   
 KC:/windows/TEMP
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   
 ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬   
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   
 Windows
 ‫א‬   
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 CMOS‫א‬‫א‬  CMOS  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫ א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫ א‬ ‫א‬
 ٨J ١‫א‬

Commonsense Preventive Maintenance‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
،‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬،
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬UPS
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ESD‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ESD‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬ •
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
K ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬USB
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?Windows‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K?Start‫א‬??Shut down‫א‬

PM Tools and Cleaning Supplies‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬FPM‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬
،Emergency Repair Disk ) ERDF،،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬،
Scotch-Brite TM HPCC‫א‬‫א‬K
 KM٣

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K٢‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  •
K‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
TH
Scotch-Brite HPCCK‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KESD‫א‬ •
KESD،‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

، ‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬

H،J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬Enter
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣J ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،EKeyswitchF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٨J ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
Post ‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
،PS/2‫א‬
،‫א‬ USB‫א‬K
–‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–Windows
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬– ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬٤J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬


‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،
- ١٥٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K، ،‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨J ‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
Scotch-J ‫א‬‫א‬–
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬Brite Hpcc
،  ‫א‬K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬١٠J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ١١J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KPOST

 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



- ١٥٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
،،‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬،
،‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ 
‫א‬١٥،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
، ‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١١
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

- ١٥٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬–‫א‬– 
 ‫א‬ON/OF
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
K‫א‬
 antistatic wrist strap‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE
‫א‬‫א‬K،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٥J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٦J ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

  ‫א‬‫א‬ ٧J ‫א‬

 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٨J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬POST‫א‬‫א‬ ٩J ‫א‬
‫א‬K ،‫א‬ 
‫א‬








- ١٥٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬scandisk‫א‬‫א‬? •
 K‫א‬?Disk Defragmenter?‫א‬? •
 ‫א‬Windows‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?Disk Cleanup‫א‬? •
 K‫א‬

 DVDROM- CD‫א‬‫א‬
DVD
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،ECaddy DrivesF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

EDVD‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١J ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬ ٤J ‫א‬
 K

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ 
  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

LCD‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬LCD‫א‬
 EF‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 J W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ •
 K •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬

K
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 
 K

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ١J ‫א‬
 NameKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
DateKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
TimeKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
 

S. N # KKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬ CPU Model KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 S. N #KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬HDD KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬
 RAM KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 S. N #KKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬ Monitor Model :KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 S. N #KKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬ Printer Model : KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 S. N #KKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬ Other Model KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWKKKKKKKK

 Trouble Reported ‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
How was problem solved? ‫؟‬‫א‬

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
  
 J W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬BIOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
K‫א‬

- ١٦٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ٢J ‫א‬
 WDateW‫א‬#TroubleW‫א‬#ComputerW‫א‬
 Total Time‫א‬Stop Time‫א‬Start Time‫א‬‫א‬
 Initial Observations 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Keyboard LEDsKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
Power LEDsKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Hard DriveKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
Monitor DisplayKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
Other observationsKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
ProblemKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
Suspect Circuit and KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
why?
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
Troubleshooting Procedure UsedKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 Bad Signel/CompKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬
Solution of the problemKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ١٦٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬W‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬K٦

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬







- ١٦٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 W‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢

 ،‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  ‫א‬‫• א‬
 K ‫• א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬ K٥
 PS/2‫• א‬
 USB •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 HCL.TXT E١
‫א‬‫א‬TXT E٢
W٢٥٥ E٣
 E٤
‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١
‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
 •
 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
BIOS •
 KKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٥
 EDO RAM •
 SIMMDIMMJ ٦
 •

- ١٦٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬MB١٤٤{٣{٥‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٤‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬
WB‫א‬WA‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WindowsBA‫א‬ K٥
٣٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF K٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
mini‫א‬٣{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
 CMOS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،L
 ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 K٤
‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
، K٦
E٥٢٤F٥٠٤ K٧
‫א‬‫א‬ECHS K٨
ATA/66‫א‬‫א‬ATA/66‫א‬ K٩
FORMAT C:/S‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬Windows 9x‫א‬‫א‬J ١
‫א‬‫א‬{System‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫{א‬Device Manager
 Resources‫א‬‫א‬Properties‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 L‫א‬ •
 IRQs •
 DMAs •
 WAGPK٣
• ACCELERATED GRAPHICS PORT
VERTICAL SIGNALHz٨٥REFRESH RATEK٤
 W
• 11.8 ms
 W‫א‬‫א‬J ٥
VERTICAT •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٦
٥ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٧
AGP •
 W‫א‬PCIJ ٨
• PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERCONNECT
 COM‫א‬J ٩
J ١٠

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J ١
  ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ps/2 J ٢
‫א‬
  ƒ
POST‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
 ƒ
 Beep‫א‬POST‫א‬ J ٤
  ƒ
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J ٥
 Filler KeysF‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٦
 Typematic Dela ƒ
،POST‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٧
 K٣٩٩٣٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
  ƒ
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 UPS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٩
  ƒ
 ،‫א‬‫א‬ J ١٠
 LPT1 ƒ
K……‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ١١
USB ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ١٢
 ‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬KE‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ١٣
 ‫א‬ ƒ
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 W‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢

 ،‫א‬‫• א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  ‫א‬‫• א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬ K٥
 USB •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 KMichael Meyers A+ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 ٢٠٠٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٩٩٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
٢٠٠٢‫א‬‫א‬A+ ‫א‬ K٣
٢٠٠٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KRon Gilster ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
 W‫א‬
A+ Certification concepts &Practice , charles J. Brooks , 2002 K١
The complete PC UPGRADE & MAINTEANCE GUIDE ,MARK K٢
MINASI ,NINTH EDITION
WINDOWS 98 UNLEASHED ,PAUL MCFEDRIES K٣


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 ‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
  
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠  ‫א‬
 ١٥  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٧  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٩  ‫א‬
 ٢١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٤  RAM‫א‬
 ٢٩  ‫א‬
 ٤١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤١  BIOS‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬
 ٥٦  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦١  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CMOS‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٥  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٩  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧١  SCSI ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٤  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  

 ٧٧  ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٨١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٨١  BOOT SECTOR‫א‬
 ٨٦  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩٢  W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٥  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٩  ‫א‬
 ١١٠  ‫א‬
 ١١٧  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢٤  ‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢٧  ‫א‬
 ١٣٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣٥  ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣٧  Windows‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣٨   ‫א‬
 ١٣٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  

 ١٤٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤٥  ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤٧  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤٨  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥٠  ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬FPM‫א‬
 ١٥١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥١  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥٣  K‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥٤  K‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥٥ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥٦  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥٧  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦٠  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦٠ DVDCDJ ROM‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦١  LCD‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦٢  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ١٦٣  ‫א‬
 ١٦٥  ‫א‬
 ١٦٧  
 ١٦٨  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٦٢  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  

 ١٦٩  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٧٤  ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS