Capiz Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan 2008-2013

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz
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Republic of the Philippines PROVINCE OF CAPIZ Roxas City
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
FORE WORD
We, who have been entrusted with great responsibility at the helm of the administration of the Province of Capiz, have always been concerned how to rationalize development in terms of addressing the needs and requirements of our populace. This has to be done with wise preservation, conservation and sustainable utilization of our precious natural resources, especially the use of land, and proper use of fiscal resources to pursue our development agenda of Labi sa Tanan ang Tawo. The formulation, therefore, of this Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan (PDPFP), aims to strengthen the interface between local and national governments as well as the complementation between and among all LGU levels in planning, investment programming, revenue administration, budgeting and expenditure management. In the context of reshaping and achieving the provinces desired socioeconomic development goals, I have organized the Provincial Core Team and reactivated the Provincial Land Use Committee (PLUC) and the Provincial Land Use Committee-Technical Working Group (PLUC-TWG) through Executive Order No. 17, Series of 2008, to serve as technical arm in the formulation and completion of this PDPFP for the period 2008-2013. This Plan is a concrete step in establishing a favorable environment to promote local investments both by the public and private sectors with impact on national development. We encourage our people to use this document since it contains a wealth of relevant information on our provinces future development direction.
VICTOR A. TANCO Governor
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The formulation of this Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan (PDPFP) is the outcome of a Memorandum of Agreement between the Capiz Province and the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) with the assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) which formulated the guidelines on Provincial/Local Planning and Expenditure Management (PLPEM) that is consistent with DILG-NEDA-DBMDOF Joint Circular No. 1, series of 2007. Its completion would not have been possible without the valuable support and assistance of several individuals and entities. To the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) Region VI headed by OIC Regional Director Ro-Ann A. Bacal and her staff Atty. Raul Anlocotan, Maria Lourdes Miado, Gil Altura, Ma. Isabel B. Blancia, Erlinda Chiu, Ma. Teresa Guadalupe, Othelo Derecho for their technical assistance in completing this Plan; To the officials and personnel of the different national government agencies like Philippine National Police, Department of Education for making available the data needed in this Plan; Foremost, to the collaborative effort of the Provincial Land Use Committee Technical Working Group (PLUC-TWG) headed by Mr. Antonio V. Asis, Provincial Planning and Development Coordinator, as Chairman and Mr. Stephen A. Bediones as Vice-Chairman, and all its members, Engr. Julius Abela (DPWH), Mr. Frankie D. Dordas (NSO), Mr. Edwin C. Borja (DENR), Mr. Anthony Arostique (DAR), Ms. Angelita Colmo (DTI), Ms. Clyne B. Deocampo (DILG), Engr. Eugene Gomez (OPA), Ms. Elvira D. Trogo (PPDO), Engr. Barth A. Rivera (PPDO), Mr. Wilar C. de los Santos (PPDO), Ma. Regina B. Espinosa (PPDO), Ms. Diva B. Tarrosa (PPDO), Ms. Manuela A. Besana (PPDO), Ms. Marivic A. Besana (PPDO), Ms. Ramillyn Joy O. Bebita (PPDO), Mr. Danilo C. Ortiz (PPDO), Mr. Allain Cartujano (PPDO) and Mr. Mark A. Gonzales (PPDO) for their cooperation specially during trying moments; And to everyone including those who we failed to mention but helped a lot, we thank you most sincerely.
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. 1 2 3 TITLE PAGE NO. 7 7a 13
Core Elements and Sectors Data Requirements Total Land Area, Capiz, by District/Municipality/City, 2008 Population, Annual Population Growth Rate, Density, Area, by Province, Philippines, 2000 and 2007 Population, Annual Population Growth Rate, Density, Area, by City/Municipality, 2000 and 2007 Population Shares, Capiz, by City/Municipality, 1995, 2000, 2007 Estimated Population and Density, Capiz, by City/Municipality, 2013 Name of Island, Location and Ares (Ha.), Province of Capiz: 2009 Land Classification, Capiz, by municipality/city Land suitability, Capiz, by municipality/city Protection areas, Capiz, by municipality/city Data Matrix: Total family income (PhP M) by household head, by kind of business/industry, Region VI, by province, 2000 Joint Probability: Shares of family Income (%) by household head, by kind of business/industry, Region VI, by province, 2000 Concentration: Total family income (%) by household head, by kind of business/industry, Region VI, by province, 2000 Specialization: Total family income (%) by household head, by kind of business/industry, Region VI, by province, 2000
14
16
16
24 34
8 9 10 11
45 47 54 62
12
63
13
64
14
65
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TABLE NO.
TITLE
PAGE NO.
15
Location Quotients: Total family income by household head, by kind of business/industry, Region VI, by province, 2000 Population 15 Years and Over, by Employment Status, Region VI, by Province , January 2001, 2002 and 2003 (in Thousands) Total and Average Family Income, Region VI, by Province, 1994, 1997 and 2000 Households in Occupied Housing Units, Capiz by Tenure of the Housing Unit by municipality/city, 2000 Occupied Housing Units by Condition (State of Repair) of the Building by municipality/city, 2000
75
16
97
17
99
114
115
18
Local Service Standards vs. Capiz Province Existing Trends, 2007 Existing Land Use Distribution, Capiz, 2002 and 2007 Issues/Problems, Goals, and Objectives/Targets, Capiz Strategies, Programs, and Projects Derived from Income/Access to Services Strategies, Programs, and Projects Derived from Land Use Summary Matrix
131
19 21
150 175
22
178
23
185
24
188
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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. 1 2 6 7 TITLE PAGE NO. 4 5 66 66
Vertical and Horizontal Linkages of the PDPFP Programs, Projects, Activities Overall Distribution of the Regional Economy Shares of Total Family Income by Household Head in the Agriculture Industry Capiz Shares of Total Family Income by the Head by Business/Industry The planning environment, development issues/ problems, strategies and PPAs
67
12
174
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LIST OF MAPS
MAP NO. 1 2 3 4 5a 5b 6 7a 7b 7c 8 9 10 11 12a TITLE PAGE NO. 11 12 19 23 29 30 35 40 41 43 44 46 49 55 68
Regional Location Map, Region VI Province Map, Capiz Population Density Map, Capiz Annual Population Growth Rate, Capiz Built-up Areas Map Existing Hierarchy of Settlements Map Slope Map Geological/Soil Map Watershed-Divide Map Mineral Resources Map Climate Map Land Classification Map Land Suitability Map Protection Areas Map Location of Industries and Key Support Infrastructure (Agri-Production Area) Map Location Seafood Industry and Key Support Infrastructure Map Industries with Best and Declining Potentials Map Tourism Industry with Best and Declining Potentials Map External Linkages and Internal Circulation Routes (Existing and Proposed)
12b
69
13a 13b
88 89
14
97
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MAP NO. 15
TITLE Location of Health Facilities, Priority Areas and Proposed Health-Related PPAs Location of Education Facilities, Priority Areas and Proposed Education-Related PPAs Location of Housing Facilities Map, Capiz Location of Security Facilities Map, Capiz Location of Water and Sanitation Facilities, Capiz Location of Power Supply and Facilities, Capiz Location of Drainage Facilities, Priority Areas and Proposed Drainage-Related PPAs Location of Solid Waste Facilities, Capiz Other Existing and Proposed Facilities Existing Land Use Map, Capiz, 2008 Initial Settlements Growth Map, Capiz Initial Settlement Growth and Protection Land Use Map, Capiz Settlements Framework Map, Capiz Protection Framework Map, Capiz Production Framework Map, Capiz Infrastructure Framework Map, Capiz Overall Physical Framework Map, Capiz Proposed (Major) Drainage and Flood Control Infrastructure, Province of Capiz Post-Harvest Facilities (Proposed) Project Map (Tourism) Location of Proposed Irrigation Projects Roxas City Proposed Circumferential Road
PAGE NO. 106
16
115
17 18 19 20 21
119 123 125 127 130
22 23 24 25 26
131 140 154 156 159
27 28 29 30 31 32a
161 164 168 171 173 196
32b 32c 32d 32e
199 200 201 202
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MAP NO. 32f
TITLE
PAGE NO. 203
Location of Existing and Proposed Water Facilities, Province of Capiz Recommended/Proposed Infrastructure Projects
32g
204
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE NO. i ii iv vi vii
MESSAGE OF THE GOVERNOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF MAPS CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. 2. 3. 4. Historical Background Plan Objectives and Context Coverage of the Plan Outline of the Plan
1 3 6 8
CHAPTER II VISION 1. Vision Statement CHAPTER III PLANNING ENVIRONMENT 1. Location, Land Area and Political Subdivisions 2. Population and Settlements 2.1 Regional and National Context: Population Size, Density and Growth Rate 2.2 Population Size, Density and Growth Rate 2.3 Existing Settlement Patterns 2.4 Summary 3. Physical Resources General Land and Water Characteristics and Resources Topography and Slope Land and Water Resources Main Geological Features Mineral Resources Climate Land Use Potentials and Constraints Land Classification 10 9
13 15 25 31
33 33 36 38 42 42 45
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Land Suitability Protection Areas 4. Economy Economic Structure External Context of the Local Economy Industry Concentration and Specialization Basic Sectors and Corresponding Industries Potentials for Contributing to Local Economic Growth Economic Base Industries Local Employment Growth Competitiveness and Market Share Potentials for Local Economic Growth 4.3 Local factors 4.3.1 Physical Resources 4.3.2 Human Resources 4.3.3 Knowledge Resources 4.3.4 Capital Resources 4.3.5 Infrastructure Facilities 4.4. Summary 4.4.1 Overall Structure of the Provincial Economy 4.4.2 Industries with Best Potentials for Contributing to Local Economic Growth 4.4.3 Local Factors to Enhance Growth Potentials of Industries 5. Transportation, Access and Circulation 5.1 External Linkages 1. Description of External Linkages 2. Linkages and/or Facilities that should be given Highest Priority for Improvement 3. Proposed New External Linkages 5.2 Internal circulation 5.2.1 Internal Routes and Linkages that need to be Improved 6. Income, employment, service access and poverty 6.1 Employment and unemployment rates 6.2 Family income 6.2.1 Average Family Income Levels 6.3 Social Services 6.3.1 Health 6.3.2 Education 6.3.3 Housing 6.4.4 Security 6.4 Utility/Infrastructure Services 6.4.1 Water and sanitation 6.4.2 Power 6.4.3 Drainage/ Flood Control 6.4.4 Solid Waste Management
47 50
56 57 57 70 74 76 78 80 81 81 82 83 85 86 87
90 92 94 94 96
98 100 101 107 116 120 123 125 128 131
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6.5 Other Services and Facilities 6.6 Poverty 6.6.1 Extent of poverty 6.6.2 Location of poverty concentration/prevalence 6.6.3 Key conditions and factors contributing to poverty 6.6.4 Poverty reduction strategies, programs and projects vis--vis industries and local factors 7. Land Use and Physical Framework 7.1 Existing Land Use, Trends and Potential Expansion 7.1.1 Trends 7.2 Physical Framework 7.2.1 Initial Settlement Growth Demand (A) 7.2.2 Initial Settlements and Protection Land Use 7.2.3 Integration of Other Land Use Requirements CHAPTER IV DEVELOPMENT ISSUES, GOALS, OBJECTIVES/TARGETS 1. Development Issues and Problems 2. Development Goals, Objectives and Targets CHAPTER V STRATEGIES, PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS 1. Strategies, Programs and Projects 2. Summary of Strategies and PPAs Summary matrix Project map ANNEXES Tables Maps Figures CASE STUDY Terms of Reference on the Creation of the Provincial Agricultural Engineering Office DEFINITION OF TERMS
137 144 145 147 147 148
151 151 155 155 157 160
175 177
180 190 190 196
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Capiz, known as Aklan in pre-Spanish times, is one of the early settlements of the Malays, centuries before the coming of the Spaniards to the country. It was part of the Confederation of Madyaas, formed after the purchase of the island of Panay by the Bornean datus from the Negrito king named Marikudo.
When Panay was divided into three districts, Datu Bankaya became the head of the Aklan district. It was in 1213 when the province of Aklan (including the province of Capiz) was formally organized. Later a pagan pirate, Datu Kalantiao proclaimed himself head of the Madyaas Confederation and its districts. As chief of Panay Island, he promulgated the famous Code of Kalantiao sometime in 1433 A.D.
On May 8, 1570, the Spaniards under Martin de Goite landed and conquered Panay town and consequently the district of Aklan.
The first governor appointed by King Philip II of Spain was a Spaniard by the name of Pavis and lived in Panay. After his death, the site of the provincial or the capital was moved to the town of Capiz (now Roxas City) which was formerly a pueblo of Panay. The Spaniards moved the capital to from Panay to Capiz because they discovered that Capiz [Roxas City] was near the sea where their boats had better docking facilities.
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The Americans took over the control of the province from the Spaniards in 1898. A civil government was set up in Capiz on April 15, 1901 by virtue of Act No. 115, An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act to the Province of Capiz. Simplicio Jugo Vidal became the first governor of the province.
The revolution inspired Aklanons to seek the separation of Aklan from Capiz. Simeon Mobo Reyes, an educated Aklanon who later became the second governor of Capiz, suggested to Taft that Capiz be divided into two provinces, i.e, Capiz and Aklan, when the latter came in 1901 to set up a civil government. Taft rejected the idea. But the idea of separation did not die. In 1956, Republic Act 1414 realized for the Aklanon their dream of having their own province and thus making Aklan a separate province from Capiz.
Several legends and beliefs claim stories to which the name Capiz originated. More popular of these is that it comes from the word kapid - which means twin. When the Spaniards settled in the place, they found difficulty in pronouncing the name kapid, thus giving birth to the word Capiz.
Another version is that Capiz was also named based on the story that when the Spaniards came to Capiz, it was the time when Bankayas wife gave birth to twin daughters. Twin is kapid in the local dialect, so that Spaniards adopted the name Capiz (kapid) as inadvertently mis-communicated to them by the natives.
Still, some old folks claimed that Capiz got its name from kapis, a shell of the mollusk family that is very abundant in the place.
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2.
PLAN OBJECTIVES AND CONTEXT

Objectives of the PDPFP
The Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan is the primary technical guide to the development of the province. The PDPFPs objectives are to:
a) Define the overall vision for the province; b) Provide the analytical basis for understanding existing conditions and identifying key development issues, goals, objectives, and targets; c) Translate the vision into doable strategies towards the attainment of the goals, objectives, and targets; and d) Identify programs, projects and activities that are consistent with the strategies that will serve as inputs to the Provincial Development Investment Program.
Context of the PDPFP
The PDPFP is a key link in the network of plans covering the national, provincial, and city/municipal levels. The programs, projects and activities (PPAs) derived from the PDPFP are the bases for a multi-year Provincial Development Investment Program (PDIP) and the Annual Investment Program (AIP). The AIP is the basis for the annual budgetary allocation for PPAs.
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Figure 1 shows the vertical and horizontal linkages of the PDPFP:

Figure1 Vertical and Horizontal Linkages of the PDPFP
MTDP/NFPP
MTIP
RDP/RPFP
RDIP
PDPFP
PDIP/AIP
City/Municipal Development Plan
City/Municipal DIP/AIP
Provincial development plans and investment programs must have vertical links to corresponding plans and programs at the regional and city/municipal levels. As shown in the figure above, regional plans and programs relate with the plans at the national level. Thus, the PDPFP is a vital link between local development objectives, and regional and national priorities.
The vertical integration process will require constant coordination of the provincial government through the Provincial Planning and Development Office (PPDO). The PPDO coordination will entail meeting with counterpart planning agencies at the regional, city and municipal levels as well as with appropriate national government agencies to ensure consistency in vision, goals and objectives, targets, strategic thrusts and complimentarity of programs, projects and activities.
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Based on the provincial development planning and expenditure management system, Figure 2 below shows the harmonization of planning and budgeting/investment programming. Investment programming, budgeting and implementation involve project evaluation and development, which eventually provide feedback and basis for the next planning cycle.
Figure 2 Programs, Projects, Activities
Investment Programming PLANNING Revenue Generation
PDIP/ AIP Project Evaluation and Development Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Locally funded projects
Budgeting
Expenditure Management
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3.
COVERAGE OF THE PLAN

Historical Coverage
The Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan is a sixyear medium-term development plan (2008-2013) that is guided by the longterm vision of the province. This coincides with the two three-year terms of local officials.
As necessary inputs in identifying strategies and PPAs, all analyses extend beyond the medium-term in consideration of the long-term requirements. Geographical Coverage
The political boundaries of the province define the primary level of geographical analysis. The five other provinces of the region, the region itself as well as the country are included as benchmarks in some of the analyses.
The component city and the municipalities in the province are the major level of analytical disaggregation.
Sectoral Coverage
The planning environment of the PDPFP includes all major sectors relevant to the development of the province Sectoral data should be and consistent with the municipal/city, regional and national data.
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The core elements that correspond to the traditional sectors in public sector planning could be illustrated as follows:
Table 1 Core Elements and Sectors Core Element Population Economic Activity Physical Resources Income/Access to Services Population Agriculture, fisheries, forestry, trade, industry, services, tourism Environment, natural resources transport Health, education, housing, social welfare, public works, energy, security, other services and facilities for community groups such as the elderly, children, women, indigenous peoples, etc. Physical integration of all sectors Sector
Land Use
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Table 2 Data Requirements

Core Element/ Sector Population Population Data Size, density, growth rate If available: age-sex, urban-rural distribution; migration Map Geographical unit Philippines, Region, Province If available: other province in region, cities/municipalities in province, barangays Province If available: region, other province in region, cities/municipalities in province Province If available: region, other province in region, cities/ municipalities in province Philippines, Region, Province If available: other province in region/cities/munici palities in province Period Latest, previous census Source NSO, NSCB, LGUs
Physical Resources Environment, natural resources, protection forestry
Land area Characteristics of land resources Land use, land suitability, land classification Map Existing and proposed facilities, routes, levels of service Map
Latest census
sectoral agencies, LGUs
By transport mode or industry if available: Transport and communication
Latest census
sectoral agencies, LGUs
Economic Activity By subsector or industry if available: Agriculture, fisheries, production forestry Manufacturing Trade, industry, services Tourism Income and Services Employment
Employment, income or value of prod by sector Export products, markets, volumes by sector (if available) Existing, proposed support infrastructure Map Employment/ Unemployment rates Average family income Poverty indicators Map (if available)
Latest census
NSO sectoral agencies, LGUs
Philippines, Region, Province Philippines, Region Province If available: other provinces in region, cities/ municipalities in province Region, Province If available: other province in region, cities/municipalities in province
Latest, previous census Latest, previous census
NSO, NSCB NSO, NSCB, LGUs
Income and poverty
Housing, Health, Education, Sanitation, Security Public works: roads, water supply, solid waste, drainage Power; other sectors Land Use
Existing and proposed facilities Levels of service of basic social services (health, education, sanitation, security), public works Map Location/maps of above sectors
Latest census
Sectoral agencies, LGU
Province If available: cities/municipalities in province
Latest available , previous
LGUs, sectoral agencies
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4.
OUTLINE OF THE PLAN

The contents of the PDPFP are organized as follows: Vision
This is the provinces long-term vision formulated in a long process of consultations. This started with a strategic planning workshop participated in by 149 participants from different sectors. This was followed up by a series of sectoral workshops and consultations. Planning Environment
The section is a description and analyses of the social, economic and physical environment of the province. These descriptions and analyses are the bases of identifying the various development issues and problems; strategies; goals, objectives and targets; and, programs, projects and activities. Development Issues/Problems, Goals, Objectives and Targets
This section deals with the identified challenges, issues, problems and opportunities accompanying the task of accomplishing the planned
development goals, objectives and targets. Strategies, Plans, Programs, Projects and Activities
This deals with the specific strategies, programs, projects and activities to address the identified development issues/problems and to accomplish objectives.
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CHAPTER II VISION
Gov. Victor A. Tanco assumed office as the 21st Governor of the Province of Capiz in July 2007. Two months after his assumption to his present position, he convened a multi-sectoral group in a workshop on August 28-30, 2007 composed of 149 representatives of the different
departments/offices of the provincial government, municipal government, national government agencies (NGAs), non-government organizations
(NGOs), academe, business and peoples organizations (POs).
The objectives of the workshop are: a) assess the current situation of the province; b) re-visit the vision and mission formulated in 1998; c) formulate a new vision and mission, if necessary; d) define the provincial governments strategies; and, f) identify and agree on the priorities for 20082010.
Follow up workshops were conducted participated by the technical working group or special sectoral committees in order to: a) cluster/organize the identified strategic directions into identification of possible programs, projects and activities, and, identify PPAs that require policy support; and, b) finalize the provincial strategic plan.
VISION STATEMENT
Captivating Capiz: A province with a vibrant economy, healthy Capizeos, quality and relevant education, eco-cultural tourism and adequate infrastructure support system.
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CHAPTER III THE PLANNING ENVIRONMENT

1. LOCATION, LAND AREA AND POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS
Capiz is one of the six provinces of Western Visayas Region and is located in the Island of Panay. Shaped like an open palm, it is situated at the heart of the Philippine Archipelago at 11 09 to 11 40 north latitude and 122 11 to 123 05 east longitude. The province is bounded by the Sibuyan Sea on the north, on the south and southeast by Iloilo Province, on the southwest by the Province of Antique, and on the west and northwest by the Province of Aklan. The capital of the province is Roxas City. The other major urban areas are: Mambusao, Pontevedra and Dumarao. Capiz is host to one of the biggest military reservations and is also one of the leading producers of seafood in the Philippines. Capiz is composed of 16 municipalities, one component city (Roxas City) and 473 barangays. The province has two congressional districts. The first district covers six municipalities and one city while the second district covers ten municipalities. Roxas City is composed of 47 barangays, of which, 18 are categorized as urban.
Capiz has a total land area of 2,633.17 square kilometers which constitutes 13 percent of the regional area and one percent of the countrys total area. Jamindan has the biggest land area with 544.25 square kilometers followed by Tapaz with 361.25 square kilometers. Ivisan has the smallest land area with 54.2 square kilometers. Roxas City, the provincial capital, occupies only 102 square kilometers or four percent of the total provincial land area.
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Table 3 Total Land Area, Capiz, by District/Municipality/City, 2008

Municipality/City
CAPIZ District I Roxas City Panay Panitan Pontevedra Maayon President Roxas Pilar District II Ivisan Sapian Sigma Dao Cuartero Dumarao Mambusao Jamindan Dumalag Tapaz Source: LMS -DENR Region VI
Total Land Area (km )

2,633.17 775.77 102.00 116.40 89.77 133.10 141.40 77.50 115.60 1,857.59 54.20 80.00 101.70 72.50 106.58 234.40 118.70 544.25 112.40 432.87
% Share
100 29.45 3.87 4.42 3.41 5.05 5.37 2.94 4.39 70.55 2.06 3.04 3.86 2.75 6.77 8.90 4.51 20.67 4.27 13.72
2.
POPULATION AND SETTLEMENTS
2.1
Regional and National Context: Population Size, Density and Growth Rate
As of 2007, the provincial population of Capiz is 701,664 with a population density of 267 persons per square kilometer and an annual population growth rate of 0.97 percent.
Western Visayas has a total population of 6,843,643 in 2007. Over the seven-year period from 2000 to 2007, the regions population grew by 634,910. Of the six provinces in Region VI, Capiz ranks third in terms of population size while Negros Occidental ranks first followed by Iloilo Province. Of the total provinces in the country, Capiz ranks 39th followed by Western Samar being the number 40 in the list. Cebu province topped the list
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as the most populated province in the entire country with a total population of 3,848,919 and an average annual growth rate of 2.9 percent.
As to its average annual growth rate, Capiz is one of the lowest among the provinces in Western Visayas, and even compared with the countrys average annual growth rate of 2.04 percent.
In terms of percentage growth per annum, Negros Occidental has the highest (1.44 percent) while Guimaras has the lowest (0.93 percent). Only Province of Negros Occidental has growth rate higher than that of the region. Western Visayas posted an average annual growth rate of 1.35 percent (2000-2007). Again, this rate is lower compared to that of the country.
In 2007, Capiz ranks fourth in Western Visayas Region in terms of density. Region VI has a density of 338 persons per square kilometer while Capiz has 267 persons per square kilometer following Iloilo, Negros Occidental and Aklan in that order.
Given the constant growth rate of 0.97, the provinces population will double in 71 years, longer than that of the region and country which has 51 years and 34 years doubling time, respectively.
Table 4 Region VI Population, Annual Population Growth Rate, Density, Area, by Province, Philippines, 2000 and 2007
Province
Philippines Region VI Aklan Antique Capiz Guimaras Iloilo Negros Occidental Source: NSO
Population 2000
76,498,735 6,208,733 451,314 471,088 654,156 141,450 1,925,002 2,565,723
Population 2007
88,574,614 6,843,643 495,122 515,265 701,664 151,238 2,110,588 2,869,766
Pop. 2007 % Share

100 7.23 7.53 10.25 2.21 30.84 41.93
APGR 20002007
2.04 1.35 1.29 1.19 0.97 0.93 1.13 1.44
Density 2000
255 307 248 187 248 233 408 324
Density 2007
295 338 272 204 267 250 447 362
Area 2 (km )
300,000.00 20,223.30 1,817.90 2,522.00 2,633.17 604.70 4,719.40 7,926.10
Area (%)
100.00 8.99 12.47 13.02 2.99 23.34 39.19
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2.2
Population Size, Density and Growth Rate
2.2.1 Size and Distribution The 2007 Census of Population revealed that Capiz has a total population of 701,664 and ranks third among the six provinces. Only ten percent of the regions population is shared by the Province of Capiz. Roxas City, with a population of 147,738, accounts 21 percent of the total provincial population and occupies 4 percent of the provincial land area. It ranks sixth among the 17 cities in the region where Bacolod City has the highest population followed by Iloilo City and Kabankalan City. Quezon City, the biggest city in the country, ranks number one in terms of population size with 2.68 million. Among the municipalities in Capiz, Tapaz has the biggest population in 2007 with a percentage share of seven of the provincial population followed by Dumarao, Panay, Pontevedra and Pilar with six. Sapian has the smallest population at 23,552 or three percent share. Roxas City has a consistent and substantial increase in population share of 21 percent followed by Tapaz with seven percent, Dumarao and Panay with six percent. Municipalities with the lowest population shares are Sapian with three percent, Cuartero and Ivisan with four percent. All the 16 municipalities showed a minimal increase in 1995 and 2000 and a declining trend in 2007. The population of Roxas City is expected to grow faster compared to other municipalities in the province because it offers more employment opportunities, better commercial, trading, educational and infrastructure services and facilities. The rapid population growth of Roxas City is attributed by the emergence of big malls in strategic locations which offer employment that could trigger in-migration, the establishment and/or the emergence of classic but affordable subdivisions in coastal, lowland and upland areas, and presence of development opportunities that attract people from nearby provinces of Masbate, Romblon and parts of Iloilo and Aklan.
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Table 5 Capiz Population, Annual Population Growth Rate, Density, Area, by City/Municipality, 2000 and 2007
City/ Municipality
CAPIZ Roxas City Tapaz Dumarao Panay Pontevedra Pilar Panitan Mambusao Maayon Jamindan Dao Dumalag Sigma Pres. Roxas Ivisan Cuartero Sapian Source: NSO
Population 1995
624,469 118,715 40,809 38,037 39,124 38,223 36,464 33,269 35,632 30,333 34,022 29,266 28,348 25,801 24,695 22,720 26,477 22,534
2000
654,156 126,352 44,085 40,303 40,599 40,103 38,903 37,458 36,793 32,700 33,966 30,623 25,920 27,366 27,531 24,256 24,286 22,912
2007
701,644 147,738 47,059 42,603 42,357 42,003 40,912 38,666 37,498 35,448 34,831 31,420 29,221 28,709 28,459 25,882 25,306 23,552
Pop. 2007 % Share

100 21.06 6.71 6.07 6.04 5.99 5.83 5.51 5.34 5.05 4.96 4.48 4.16 4.09 4.06 3.69 3.61 3.36
APGR 20002007
0.97 2.18 0.90 0.77 0.59 0.64 0.70 0.44 0.26 1.12 0.35 0.36 1.67 0.66 0.46 0.90 0.57 0.35
Density 2000
248 1,239 122 172 349 301 337 417 310 231 62 422 231 269 355 448 136 286
Area (km )
2633.17 102.00 361.25 234.20 116.40 133.10 115.60 89.77 118.70 141.40 544.25 72.50 112.40 101.70 77.50 54.20 178.20 80.00
2
2007
266
1,448
(%)
100 3.87 13.75 8.89 4.42 5.05 4.39 3.41 4.51 5.37 20.67 2.75 4.27 3.86 2.94 2.06 6.77 3.04
130 182 364 316 354 431 316 251 64 433 260 282 367 478 142 294
Table 6 Population Shares, Capiz, by City/Municipality, 1995, 2000, 2007

City/ Municipality
CAPIZ Roxas City Tapaz Dumarao Panay Pontevedra Pilar Panitan Mambusao Maayon Jamindan Dao Dumalag Sigma Pres. Roxas Ivisan Cuartero Sapian Source: NSO
Pop. 1995 % Share

100.00 19.01 6.53 6.01 6.27 6.12 5.84 5.33 5.71 4.86 5.45 4.67 4.70 4.13 3.95 3.64 4.24 3.61
Pop. 2000 % Share

100.00 19.32 6.74 6.16 6.21 6.13 5.95 5.73 5.62 5.00 5.19 4.68 3.96 4.18 4.21 3.71 3.72 3.50
Pop. 2007 % Share

100.00 21.06 6.71 6.07 6.04 5.99 5.83 5.51 5.34 5.05 4.96 4.48 4.16 4.09 4.06 3.69 3.61 3.36
Cumulative Population 1995 2000 2007 % Share % Share % Share

100.00 19.01 25.54 38.63 64.56 81.85 75.73 69.89 58.29 52.58 47.72 27.92 32.62 93.54 85.8 42.27 23.25 89.41 100.00 19.32 26.06 38.04 63.77 81.58 75.45 69.50 57.56 51.94 46.94 27.92 31.88 93.47 85.79 41.75 23.24 89.29 100.00 21.06 27.77 39.38 64.46 81.79 75.80 69.97 58.42 53.08 48.03 29.15 33.31 93.30 85.85 43.07 24.67 89.21
2000-2007 % Change
1.74 1.71 1.34 0.69 0.21 0.35 0.47 0.86 1.14 1.09 1.23 1.43 (0.17) 0.06 1.32 1.43 (0.08)
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2.2.2 Density and Urbanization
Capiz has a density of 267 persons per square kilometer. Roxas City showed the highest population density with 1,448 persons per square kilometer in 2007. Of the 16 municipalities, Ivisan has the highest density at 478 persons per square kilometer followed by Dao at 433 persons per square kilometer and Panitan, 431 persons per square kilometer. There are 11 municipalities with population densities higher than the provincial average. Jamindan and Tapaz, having the biggest land areas with 50 percent of it devoted to military reservation, have the lowest densities at 64 and 130 persons per square kilometer, respectively.
Ivisan has the highest density among the 16 municipalities and is expected to benefit from the spill-over growth of Roxas City as it is its southwest boundary and nearest to Roxas City in the Second District of Capiz.
Comparing the density maps from 1995, 2000 and 2007, only Roxas City showed a substantial increase in population density which is higher than that of the province and the region. These are indications that Roxas City, being the capital city, is an attractive area for settlement. It serves as the seat of provincial and city governments, entry and exit points for land, water and air transportations, center for trade and commerce and serves as access to better goods and services. People coming from other municipalities migrate in order to have access to these amenities.
Outside Roxas City, other municipalities with increasing population densities are Ivisan, Dao, Panitan, Pres. Roxas and Panay. These are clear indications that these neighboring municipalities will become part of the metropolitan center in the future. The municipality of Cuartero shows no significant change in population density considering that the increase in density is within the range of 50-150 persons per square kilometer.
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The density maps further show that the most significant population growth in the province is fuelled by Roxas City.
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2.2.3 Growth Rate
From 1970 to 2007, Capiz has a declining trend in annual population growth of 2.50 to 0.97. This declining trend is attributed to vigorous and more focused implementation of Family Planning and Responsible Parenthood Programs, Child and Maternal Care, Adolescent and Youth Development in order to increase awareness and high acceptance of the beneficiaries. Family planning report of the Provincial Health Office revealed that there were 47,439 Current Users and 8,622 New Acceptors of the different family planning methods in 2007.
The declining population growth is further justified by the report on Crude Birth Rate which showed an average birth rate of 19/1000 population from 2005 to 2008 and average death rate of 6/1000 population in the same period. These data showed substantial increase in birth and death rates from 2005-2008 in almost all municipalities including Roxas City.
Likewise, the decrease in population growth rate is also due to outmigration to other provinces and cities or foreign countries in search for better employment opportunities. The out-migration as a factor for decreasing population growth is further justified by high unemployment and underemployment rates.
Capiz registered an average population growth rate of 0.97 percent over a seven-year period. Looking at the average population growth rates from 1990-1995, 1995-2000, 2000-2007, Roxas City reflected a substantial increase in population with an average population growth rate of 2.18 (20002007). This is followed by the municipalities of Dumalag with 1.67 and Maayon with 1.12. These two (2) municipalities and Roxas City have growth rates higher than that of the province which is 0.97.
Aside from births and deaths, migration is another factor that influences the change of population growth. In view of the unavailability of data in
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migration, analysis of Table 5 showed that Roxas City has the highest average population growth rate of 2.18 (2000-2007). This high population growth rate is attributed to in-migration of people coming from other municipalities of the province considering the attractiveness of the area as provincial center where all amenities of development are present. Hence, as shown in Table 5, it was only in Roxas City where there is a substantial increase in population from 1995 to 2007. Increases in 16 municipalities are minimal.
On the other hand, municipalities with the lowest population growth rates are Mambusao with 0.26, Jamindan and Sapian with 0.35 and Dao with 0.36. The rest of the municipalities have average population growth rates lower than that of the province. This is attributed to minimal increase in population for 1995, 2000 and 2007, out-migration for better employment opportunities, and intensive family planning campaign.
Ivisan, Panay and Panitan have become fast growing municipalities because of the presence of basic services and facilities and its proximity to Roxas City.
The municipalities of Ivisan, Panay, Panitan, Pres. Roxas and Dao have higher densities and are fast growing. In view of their proximity to Roxas City, the municipalities of Ivisan, Panitan and Panay are considered extension of the metropolitan centers in the future. Ivisan has a vibrant economy as one of the major producers of aqua marine products. The municipality is also traversed by the national highway going to the Provinces of Aklan and Iloilo. Panitan is a potential industrial area in the future due to the presence of Capiz Electric Cooperative and National Power Corporation. On the other hand, Panays economy is being fuelled by Roxas City and Pontevedra. It is a potential residential area next to Roxas City.
The municipalities with low densities and fast growing are Dumarao, Sigma, Mambusao, Pontevedra, Pilar and Sapi-an. The municipalities of Dumarao, Mambusao and Pontevedra have vibrant economies being
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considered District Agro-Industrial Centers of the province. Its location along the national nautical highway, presence of district hospitals and tertiary educational institutions add to the fast growing economy of the area.
The rest of the municipalities support each other in terms of providing inter-municipal services and facilities like Inter-Local Health Zones, tertiary education and exchange of goods and services.
Outside the province, the adjoining municipalities of Balasan and Estancia have great influence to the growing economy of Pontevedra, Pres. Roxas and Pilar while Passi City, Calinog, Altavas Aklan, influence the adjoining municipalities of Dumarao, Tapaz, Jamindan, Mambusao and Sapian through exchange of goods and services, trade and commerce.
Municipalities that have high population densities and are slow growing are: Ivisan (478), Dao (433), Panitan (431), Pres. Roxas (367) and Panay (364). The proximity of these municipalities to the adjoining minor urban centers affects the rapid development of these towns.
The five (5) municipalities that have low population densities and are slow growing are: Jamindan (64), Tapaz (130), Cuartero (142), Maayon (251) and Sigma (282). This scenario is attributed by different factors such as vast track of lands in the case of Jamindan and Tapaz, limited access to basic social, infrastructure and other facilities, intensive campaign on reproductive health and family planning, limited livelihood/economic activities or
competitiveness and out-migration that contribute to low and slow growing of their population densities and economic development.
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Table 7 Estimated Population and Density, Capiz, by City/Municipality, 2013
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By the end of the planning period (2013) and given the constant growth rate of 0.97, the estimated population of Capiz will increase from 701,664 in 2007 to 743,504 or an increase of 41,840 for a period of six years. This will have an estimated population density of 282 persons per square kilometer. Consistently, Roxas City has the highest estimated population of 169,533 and density of 1,662 persons per square kilometer followed by Dumarao and Tapaz. Dumalag will have the highest population increase of 3,053 while Sapian has the lowest at 499. Of the 16 municipalities, Ivisan will have the highest estimated population density of 504 followed by Dao with 443 and Panitan with 442. Municipalities with low densities are Jamindan and Tapaz. These are indications that settlements near Roxas City grow faster due to spill over of development.
2.3
Existing Settlement Pattern
Out of the total land area of 2,633.17 km2 of the province, 556.33 km2 delineated as built up areas are allocated for residential, commercial, institutional and industrial uses brought about by rapid urbanization.
Roxas City has the highest built up area of 44.96 square kilometers, an increase of 30.57 from the previous plan of only 14.38 square kilometers. The big change or increase in the area is mainly due to the increase in the urban barangays from 18 to 31. The expansion of urban barangays will result to the delineation of more areas for urban uses such as residential, commercial, institutional and industrial.
In cases of municipalities, built up areas are clustered barangays within the Poblacion center. It is usually composed of two or more barangays where large settlements for residential, commercial, institutional and industrial are situated. Built up areas are also visible along the national highway going to Iloilo, Aklan and Balasan, Iloilo where access to transportation is one of the considerations.
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Municipalities with large built up areas are Panay, Pontevedra, Sapian, Mambusao and Ivisan. Most of these municipalities have expanded their growth centers outside the town proper to spread development all over the municipality. Others have increased their areas for socialized housing facilities to cater the future needs for housing. The presence of large institutions like state universities in the municipalities of Pontevedra, Mambusao, Tapaz, Pilar, Sapian as well as hospitals in Pontevedra, Mambusao, Tapaz, Jamindan and Roxas City require additional spaces for residential and commercial uses within the vicinity.
In rural areas, built up areas are usually visible within the barangay centers where schools, barangay halls, barangay health centers and satellite markets are present. Naturally, most people settled in these areas in order to have access to goods and services.
In the existing hierarchy of settlements, Roxas City is classified as Major Urban Center having three satellite municipalities: Panay, Ivisan and Panitan with an urban population of 147,738. Based on the standard set by the guidelines, Roxas City falls between 100,000-400,000 population bracket. The remaining 16 municipalities are categorized as small/medium towns. The top five municipalities in terms of population are as follows: Tapaz, Dumarao for the second district; and Panay, Pontevedra and Pilar for the first district.
Minor urban centers with population that falls between 25,000 to 50,000 are Pontevedra, Mambusao, and Dumarao.
Roxas City is the most densely populated with highly developed settlement areas/subdivisions in the province. It is the commercial and
education center that caters to the needs of the province and neighboring provinces of Masbate, Romblon and parts of Iloilo and Aklan. It is also the provincial production and distribution area. Due to the emergence of housing subdivisions, it is tagged as the resting/retirement haven of the overseas contract workers and the retirees. Schools and big malls in Roxas City also contribute to the rapid growth of its population.
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Of the 16 municipalities, the municipalities of Dumarao, Pontevedra and Mambusao are considered as District Agro-Industrial Centers (DAICs) and minor urban centers of the province where the exchange/barter of products, goods and services take place. The three minor urban centers have its corresponding catchment areas or satellite municipalities. In Mambusao, the satellite municipalities are Sapian, Sigma, Dao and Jamindan. For Dumarao, its satellite municipalities are Dumalag, Tapaz, and Cuartero. These two minor urban centers are found in the second district of the province. In the first district, Pontevedra is classified as minor urban center among the six municipalities and its satellite municipalities are Pres. Roxas, Pilar and Maayon. Majority of the municipalities have identified their satellite barangays which support the municipalities in terms of its agricultural production and shares its infrastructure and social facilities and amenities.
Population growth in the municipalities is concentrated mostly along the highways, in the Poblaciones and in satellite barangays where functions like parks, roads, markets, cockpits, cemeteries and schools are found. Current data show that urban population for every municipality is below 5,000. This figure will not qualify to the next level of hierarchy.
The functional roles of Roxas City, as stipulated in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, are the following: northern Panay commercial center; center of education or academic excellence; entry point of tourists; center in the delivery of basic health services and facilities; commercial and trade center; garden center of Panay; settlement center of the province; seafood capital of the Philippines; and seat of national government agencies and other government and non-government entities.
Generally, the functional roles of minor urban centers based on its development plans are the following: industrial, trading, residential and
academic center; rice, orchard and fruit producers; center of diversified agricultural farming; commerce and trade, investment and Agro-Industry technology center; tourists transit and drop off point; producer/supplier of
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high breed plants like coconut, timber and fruit seedlings; culture/heritage and arts destination; trading and marketing information center; and national and provincial agencies field operations center.
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Summary In terms of population, Capiz ranks third among the six provinces of Region VI and ranks fourth in terms of density with 267 persons per square kilometer density. It is less dense than that of the region having 338 persons per square kilometer and lower when compared to the overall density of the Philippines which is 295.25 persons per square kilometer.
In 2007, the population of the province grew, on the average, by 0.97 percent, higher than that of Guimaras which has the smallest population growth rate at 0.93 percent. As a whole, Region VI has an average population growth rate of 1.35 percent and the country has 2.04 percent.
At the end of the planning period in 2013, the province will have a total increase of 41,840 people, of which, 50 percent is from Roxas City (21,795) and the remaining population increase is distributed among the 16 municipalities. It is observed that municipalities having higher average annual growth rates also have higher population increase by year 2013.
By the end of the vision period in 2038, Capiz will have a total population of 1,005,405 or an increase of 303,761 persons. Population Distribution Trends
Considering
their
proximity to
Roxas
City,
the
fast
growing
municipalities are Ivisan, Panay and Panitan. Development from the capital city has likely spilled over to these areas.
The other fast growing municipalities are Mambusao, Pontevedra and Dumarao. The latter is one of the District Agro-Industrial Centers of the province and is near Passi City, a component city of Iloilo.
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Roxas City, being the center of the Province, has the biggest population share (21 percent) followed by Tapaz, Panay, Dumarao, Pontevedra and Pilar. Metropolitan areas are Ivisan, Panay and Panitan.
Based on 2007 population, Tapaz has the potential to be elevated to the next level large town. In 30 years time, the provincial population increase will be concentrated in urban areas like Roxas City, and the fast growing municipalities of Panay, Ivisan, and Panitan and the Poblacions of the rest of the municipalities. Figure Capiz Settlement Hierarchy, Population: 2007, 200 1995
150,000
130,000
110,000
90,000
70,000
50,000
30,000
10,000
a ox s C it y z pa Ta um ao ar y na Pa ra ed ev nt Po r la Pi ta ni Pa n M am s bu ao M n yo aa m Ja n da in D ao D um a al g g Si a m . es Pr R a ox s i Iv n sa an pi Sa ro rt e ua
1995
2000
2007
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3.
PHYSICAL RESOURCES
3.1
General Land and Water Characteristics and Resources
3.1.1 Topography and Slope
Capiz has flat and rolling hills that stretch from the northern portion towards the south bordering Iloilo province. In the west, a mountain range stretches along Capiz-Antique-Aklan border that includes Mt. Baloy, Mt. Magsalom, Mt. Toctocan, Mt. Tinayuga, Mt. Nangtud and Mt. Mansang. Mountains found in the south to the eastern portion of Capiz bordering the province of Iloilo are Mt. Paningraon in the municipality of Dumalag; Mt. Tagao, Mt. Agsubay, and Mt. Karatagan in the municipality of Dumarao; and Mt. Yating and Mt. Opao in the municipality of Pilar.
Mt. Nangtud, situated in the municipality of Tapaz bordering the province of Antique, has the highest elevation at 1,728 meters above sea level. The lowest elevation of the province is at 0.25 meter above sea level. Average elevation is posted at 866 meters above sea level.
The coastline of Capiz is somewhat irregular. The coastal area facing the Sapian Bay is hilly while that facing the bays of Capiz and the municipality of Pilar has extensive swamps and marshes which are usually under water during high tide throughout the year. Along the coast are small islands which are of coral and sandbar in origin.
Areas with slope ranging from 0-18 percent cover an estimated area of 871.579 square kilometers representing 33 percent of the total provincial land area. Slopes less than three percent are designated as Network of Protected Agricultural Area/ Network of Areas for Agricultural Development
(NPAA/NAAD) and are devoted to irrigated rice/fishpond, while areas with 318 percent slope are for production of cultivated annual crops (rice, corn, banana, cassava, sugar cane, coconuts, etc).
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A major portion of the province is relatively rolling with slope ranging from 18 30 percent covering an estimated land area of 1,487.741 square kilometers representing 56.50 percent of the provinces total land area. These areas are suitable for cultivation of upland agriculture sand perennial crops (fruit trees, forest trees and vines). Areas designated as protection forest cover 273.85 square kilometers or 10.40 percent and have slopes of over 30 percent.
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3.1.2 Land and Water Resources
Land Resources
Capiz has a total land area of 2,633.17 square kilometers representing approximately 13 percent of the total land area of the region. A major portion of the provinces land area is devoted to lowland and upland agriculture. Other areas are developed into urban centers where residential, commercial and industrial activities confine.
The province has small islands and a number of islets. Coastal municipalities with island barangays are: Pontevedra, Pilar, Panay,
Pontevedra. Barangay Olotayan, an island barangay at the northeastern tip of Roxas City, is the only and the biggest among the islands covering an area of more or less 100.42 hectares. Other islands which are claimed by the province as parts of its territory are: Zapatos Daku; Zapatos Diutay and Chinela. These are located in Sibuyan Sea east northeast of Roxas City.
Table __ Name of Island, Location and Area (ha), Province of Capiz: 2009
Name of Island
Olotayan Zapatos Daku Zapatos Diutay Chinela Mantalinga Malakha Mabaay Mahabang Polo Marokol Dako Marokol Diotay Tuad Napti Manapao Agbanog Ameligan Bantigue Cabugao Gabuc Basiao, Ivisan Panay Pontevedra Pontevedra Pontevedra Pontevedra Pontevedra Pontevedra
Location
Roxas City Roxas City Roxas City Sibuyan Sea; facing of Roxas City Roxas City Basiao, Ivisan Basiao, Ivisan
Area (Ha.)
100.42 13.01 11.93 1.27 1.81 3.18 4.19 2.82 2.45 0.54 1..98 1.38 0.37 6.58 6.64 2.96 2.17 2.40
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Name of Island
Butakal Agojo (portion) Lat-asan Pawa (portion) Buntod Er Jamul-awon Lanipga Binantuan Bantigue Navitas Madulano Pinamihagan Pandan Quiajo Sangkal Source: MCLUPs
Location
Panay Panay Panay Panay Panay Panay Panay Panay Panay Panay Pres. Roxas Pres. Roxas Pres. Roxas Pres. Roxas Pres. Roxas
Area (Ha.)
669.29 821.03 51.03 1,899.01 222.32 1,287.48 324.74 428.26 751.32 766.09 31.31 136.35 75.6 197.4 287.4
Beaches found in the coastal towns are land resources developed into tourism zones. Beauty spots like springs, waterfalls, caves and other tourist attractions found in the municipalities of Pilar, Pres. Roxas, Maayon, Dumarao, Dumalag, Mambusao and Jamindan also contribute to the provinces tourist attractions.
Water Resources
The Panay River Basin is a major river basin with a drainage area of 2,181 square kilometers making almost the whole province a watershed area. The Panay River, which starts from the hinterlands of the Municipality of Tapaz, empties its water in Tinagong Dagat Bay in the municipality of Pontevedra and Capiz Bay in Roxas City. It has three major river tributaries. Mambusao River passes the Municipalities of Jamindan, Mambusao, and Sigma and pouring out its water to Panay River in Brgy. Duyoc, Municipality of Dao. Badbaran River, with its head water emanating from the Municipality of Lemery, Iloilo, passes through the Municipality of Dumarao pouring its water to Panay River in Brgy. Santo Angel, Municipality of Dumalag. On the other hand, Maayon River, with its headwater originating from northern portion of the Municipality of Sara, Iloilo, passes through the municipalities of Maayon
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and Cuartero and connects to Panay River in Brgy. Pasugue, Municipality of Panitan. Panay River serves as the main source of water supply for domestic, irrigation and industrial use in Capiz, especially in Roxas City and its neighboring towns. 3.1.3 Main Geological Features
The central and southern parts of the province have clay and sandy loam soil which are suitable for planting sugarcane, rice, corn and coconuts. These soils are classified into two: 1) soil of the plains and valleys developed from alluvial deposits washed from the uplands underlain by different kinds of rocks with color ranging from silky to clay loam; and 2) soil of the hills and mountains with materials originating from igneous and metamorphic rocks and to a lesser extent from sedimentary rocks. The color is generally light brown.
The province has 13 soil types: San Miguel clay loam, Alimodian clay loam, Sara clay loam. Alimodian-Barotac complex, Paraon clay loam, Louisiana clay loam, San Rafael loam, Bantog Clay, Sapian clay, Sta. Rita clay, Hydrosol and undifferentiated mountain soil.
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3.1.4 Mineral Resources
Capiz has potential mineral resources such as clay, coal, manganese, rock phosphate, limestone, silica and construction materials. Although there is no estimate as to the volume of gold present in Capiz, the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) has identified the province to have possible deposits of metal. The presence of limestone has already undergone geological investigation and a deposit of 180 million metric tons is estimated.
3.1.5 Climate
The province has two types of climate. The major portion of the province experiences Type II climate when seasons are not very pronounced. Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year. However, it is relatively dry from November to April and wet the rest of the year. Dry season occurs in a minimum period of one month to a maximum of three months.
The western tip of the province covering the municipalities of Tapaz and Jamindan experiences Type I climate which has two pronounced dry and wet seasons; wet season with a minimum rain period from June to September and dry season which lasts from three to six months. Map 8 shows the climatic map of the province of Capiz.
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3.2
Land Use Potentials and Constraints
3.2.1 Land Classification
Out of the provinces 2,633.17 square kilometers total land area, 1,695.4727 square kilometers are classified as A & D, 937.6973 square kilometers as forestlands/timberlands and 1.49 square kilometers in the Municipality of Panay remain to be classified. Among the municipalities, Jamindan and Tapaz, which have the biggest land areas, have the biggest share of forestlands. Most of these areas are designated as military reservations.
Table 8 Land Classification, Capiz, by City /Municipality
City/Municipality
CAPIZ Cuartero Dao Dumalag Dumarao Ivisan Jamindan Maayon Mambusao Panay Panitan Pilar Pontevedra Pres. Roxas Roxas City Sapian Sigma Tapaz
Total Land Area (in hectares)

263,317 10,658 7,250 11,240 23,420 5,420.00 54,425.00 14,140.00 11,870.00 11,640.00 8,977.00 11,560.00 13,310.00 7,750.00 10,200.00 8,000.00 10,170.00 43,287.00
Alienable & Disposable Lands (in hectares)

169,547.27 8,196.00 7,250.00 9,153.00 16,658.00 3,742.00 22,999.20 12,296.00 11,604.00 6,274.00 8,977.00 9,057.00 6,989.00 5,460.00 9,174.27 7,457.00 9,934.00 14,326.80
Classified Forestlands (in hectares)

93,769.73 2,462.00 0.00 2,087.00 6,762.00 1,678.00 31,425.80 1,844.00 266.00 5,366.00 0.00 2,503.00 6,321.00 2,290.00 1,025.73 543.00 236.00 28,960.20
Unclassified Public Lands (in hectares)

149
149
Source: Land Evaluation Party, DENR Region VI, 2007
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3.3.2.2 Land Suitability The central part of the province, from north to south, is relatively flat to moderately rolling areas and are mainly used and suitable for irrigated rice and fishponds. The northern and northeastern tip of the province along the coastline is ideally suitable for brackish-water fishponds and mangroves. The slightly rolling areas with a slope of three eight percent situated in the southern and eastern part are generally suitable for cultivation of annual crops (e.g., upland or rain fed rice, corn, sugarcane, etc.) The vast areas adjacent of moderately rolling to rolling areas, having slope of 8 18 percent covering the central part to the western and north-western part of the province of Capiz, is suitable for the cultivation of perennial tree and vine crops (e.g., coconut, coffee, etc.). Also, these areas are ideal for urban expansion. Areas with slopes of 18 30 percent are preferably suitable for perennial forest/fruit tree plantation and pasture development. Areas with slope above 30 percent are preferably suitable for forest plantation or production forest and above 50 percent slope is ideal for protection forest as these areas are prone to erosion and landslides.
Table 9 Land Suitability, Province of Capiz, by Municipality/City, 2000
Province/ City/ Municipality CAPIZ Roxas City Cuartero Dao Dumalag Dumarao Ivisan Jamindan Maayon Mambusao Panay Panitan Pilar Pontevedra Pres. Roxas Sapian Suitability Areas (Hectares) Rice/ Fishponds 52987.43 4581.28 2218.74 5048.76 3483.98 3121.21 647.03 637.26 1386.27 3279.31 8690.23 3957.46 2233.68 3989.96 1549.37 3105.29 2614.78 1810.37 1929.09 2651.89 1627.90 2371.26 364.85 414.99 3197.58 1249.99 9316.47 Fishpond (Brackish) 5077.22 2097.59 4180.06 Cultivated Crops 37276.00 Trees and Vines 82904.49 2405.80 2168.69 3514.75 5039.05 5370.18 2650.70 16273.54 5739.14 5870.76 81.92 3341.50 1326.05 2368.18 328.07 4585.42 3398.05 1793.32 3569.70 1788.10 Production Forest 39407.91 1274.62 1593.01 147.03 75.70 3564.09 2127.25 7940.97 7691.58 719.76 1905.34 24613.20 943.78 1219.29 98.86 Plantation Forest 44504.36 TOTAL Pasture 98.86 262256.26 10359.29 10160.50 8710.54 10891.37 22591.23 5789.83 49879.96 18014.57 11775.17 13197.30 9228.05 9609.67 9779.36 7818.41 9478.81
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Province/ City/ Municipality Sigma Tapaz
Suitability Areas (Hectares) Rice/ Fishponds 3402.74 1654.86 8526.41 Fishpond (Brackish) Cultivated Crops Trees and Vines 5930.97 15909.78 Production Forest 472.59 3252.14 Plantation Forest 451.48 15371.27 TOTAL Pasture 10257.78 44714.44
Source:.
Among the major crops grown in the province are rice, corn, sugarcane, coconut, mango, banana and lowland vegetables. The top five rice-producing municipalities in the province are: Cuartero, Panitan and Sigma. Maayon, Dumarao,
For corn production, Cuartero ranks first
followed by Maayon, Sigma, Dumarao and Pres. Roxas. The province is one of the biggest rice (110,594 hectares) and corn (2,000 hectares) producers in the region.
Capiz is also tagged as the Garden Capital of Northern Panay growing various species of orchids, ornamental plants and flowers. Local cutflower growers have started to supply their products to local and international markets. It is also a good grazing ground for cattle and for raising swine, poultry animals and goats.
Coastal areas like Roxas City, Pontevedra, Panay, Pilar, Pres. Roxas, Ivisan and Sapian supply the aqua-marine products in the markets of the province and even in Manila and nearby areas like Kalibo in Aklan, Iloilo City and Passi City. The volume of production is enough for local consumption and surplus is distributed to these areas.
Panay has the biggest inland fishery area of 6,508 hectares while Pontevedra and Sapian have 3,348 hectares and 2,026 hectares,
respectively. These coastal municipalities have the biggest volume of aquamarine production.
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3.2.3 Protection Areas Protection areas (Map 11) which include areas under the categories of NIPAS, Non-NIPAS, environmentally constrained and the military reservations are described as follows:
a) NIPAS Category
Presidential Proclamation No. 599 declared the Panay River in the municipality of Tapaz covering an area of 4,350 hectares as Watershed Forest Reserve. The law was intended to rehabilitate, reforest, develop and protect the existing vegetation within and surrounding the forest reserve. It further aims to respond to the existing problem of perennial flooding affecting the low lying areas of the province and to minimize soil erosion and rapid siltation of Panay River bed and Tinagong Dagat Bay in the Municipality of Pontevedra, including other areas within the Panay River Basin. b.) Non-NIPAS Area
The Non-NIPAS area include forest lands with elevation above 1,000 meters and areas with more than 50 percent slope, mangrove forests, buffer strips along rivers, encampments, fresh water swamps and marshes, lake and other inland water bodies. These forest lands are part of the 31,426 and 28,960 hectares of timberland in the municipalities of Tapaz and Jamindan, respectively.
Other areas with slope 50 percent and above are situated in the
Source:
municipalities of Cuartero, Dumalag, Dumarao, Maayon, President Roxas, Pilar, Ivisan, Sigma, Mambusao and Roxas City.
Mangrove forests (riverine and plantations) are found in six coastal municipalities of Sapian, Ivisan, Panay, Pontevedra, President Roxas and Pontevedra and in the City of Roxas.
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c.) Areas prone to natural hazards
The municipalities of Sapian, Ivisan, Panay, Pontevedra, President Roxas, Pilar and Roxas City, which are facing the Sibuyan Sea, are prone to storm surge.
The municipalities of Sigma, Dao, Cuartero, Panitan, Pontevedra and portions of Dumalag, Jamindan, Ivisan, President Roxas, Maayon, Panay and Roxas City are along the stretch of Panay River and its major tributaries. Thus, they experience perennial flooding contributed by heavy rainfall, swelling of rivers, tides, denuded mountains, coastal zones, tidal flats, floodplains, estuaries, and delta. The province of Capiz is prone to ground shaking during earthquake due to the presence of tectonic faults situated at Tablas, Pandanan, Negros Trench, West Panay, Philippine Fault, and Central Negros Fault System. Roxas City and the municipalities of Panay and Pontevedra, Ivisan, Dao, Sigma and Sapian are prone to liquefaction contributed by underlying quaternary alluvium (loose/unconsolidated sediments), loosely compacted sediments and well-sorted sediments. d.) Other Environmentally-constrained Areas
Erosion and Landslide Prone Area The municipalities of Tapaz, Jamindan, Cuartero, Dumarao, Maayon, Ivisan, Sigma, Pilar, Pres. Roxas, Roxas City and other areas along creeks and rivers are prone to landslides and erosion due to the natural contributing factors of very steep slope and kind of soil materials. Massive siltation of river beds and delta are the result of soil erosion and landslides from upland areas due to denuded riverbanks, mountains and indiscriminate farming methods.
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This aggravated by the introduction of manmade development such as the construction of very steep road cut and highly fractured materials due to quarrying. The abovementioned environmentally constrained areas, if not given attention and immediate rehabilitation, will add impact to the environment.
The irrational activity and indiscriminate utilization of these lands cause rapid loss of vegetative cover which endangered the area to become prone to landslides and soil erosion that affect the low-lying areas of the province and become a contributory factor to global warming and climate change. e.) SAFDZ Areas
Under the SAFDZ is the Network of Protected Agricultural Area (NPAA) with an area of 23,448 hectares located on the low lying central portion of the province. This include the irrigated and the potential irrigable ricelands in the municipalities of Dao, Cuartero, Dumalag, Dumarao, Mambusao, Maayon, Panay, Panitan, Sigma and, portion of Roxas City.
f.) Military Reservation Capiz has one military reservation situated in the municipalities of Tapaz and Jamindan declared under Presidential Proclamation No. 67 signed by then President Diosdado Macapagal in 1965 which covers an area of 33,310 hectares purposely for military undertakings only. This comprises a wide span of timberland areas that serve as watershed of the Panay River, home of various flora and fauna, wildlife and medicinal plant resources.
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e) Lake and Inland water bodies
The Panay River and its tributaries, being the main water bodies in the province of Capiz, has been considered as a protection area and became the main source of potable water and irrigation. The province is also endowed with small lakes, swamps and inland water bodies but their presence do not in any manner affect or put pressure to the environment. Likewise, several manmade water bodies in a form of water dams and reservoir can be found in the municipalities of Dumarao, Cuartero, Mambusao, Tapaz and Pilar.
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Table 10 Protection Areas, Capiz, by Municipality/City
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4. ECONOMY
4.1
Economic Structure
4.1.1 External Context of the Local Economy
Since latest data are not available, results of the 2000 Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) of the National Statistics Office was used. However, disseminated survey results did not include total family income but only the total number of families within an income range, hence, the average of the income range, e.g, PhP20,000-29,999 (PhP24,999), was used to compute total family income.
Classification of business/industry that are used in this analysis are: a) agriculture; b) wholesale and retail; c) manufacturing; d) community, social, recreational and personal services; e) transportation, storage and
communication services; f) mining and quarrying; g) construction; h) other services; and, i) not defined.
Agriculture includes the following sources of income: a) crop farming and gardening; b) livestock and poultry raising; c) fishing; d) forestry and hunting; e) salaries and wages derived from agricultural activities; and, f) net shares of crops, fruits, vegetables, livestock and poultry from other households. On the other hand, other services include those that are not clearly identified income from non-agricultural salaries and wages.
Table 11 shows the total number of families by main source of income, by province. The data used are results of the 2000 Family Income and Expenditure Survey of the NSO which contains related information that can be used for analysis. The total regional family income of Region 6, as of 2000, is P114 billion. Negros Occidental accounts for P44 billion (38 percent) followed by
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Iloilo with P41 billion (35 percent) and Capiz with P11 billion (10 percent). Guimaras, being a small province, accounts for only P2 billion or 1.8 percent.
Figure 6 below shows the overall distribution of the regional economy.
In terms of the percentage share of the different services/industry to the total income of the region (Table 12), other service industries of the province of Capiz accounts for 4.25 percent, followed by those whose sources were not defined (2.38 percent). Agriculture accounts for only 2.18 percent of the total regional income. 4.1.2 Industry Concentration and Specialization Agriculture is dominated by Negros Occidental with almost half (48.63 percent) of the regional income (Table 13). Iloilo is a distant second with 23.15 percent and Capiz with just 11.78 percent. Iloilo ranks first (41.96 percent) in the wholesale and retail industry considering its position as the regional center. It is followed by Negros Occidental (33.11 percent) while Capiz is on the 5th place with just 6.77 percent.
Iloilo dominates the following industries: manufacturing (45.28 percent); transportation, storage and communication services (44.10 percent); mining and quarrying (71.74 percent); construction (63.28 percent); and, those undefined industries (42.34 percent). On the other hand, Negros Occidental dominates community, recreational and personal services (46.25 percent), and other service industries (40.28 percent). Capiz generally comes in third in all types of industry except for wholesale and retail, manufacturing, construction, and undefined industries. 4.1.3 Basic Sectors and Corresponding Industries
Capiz, being one of the provinces that comprise the Western Visayas Region, has considered nine major businesses/industries in determining total family income by specialization.
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Among these major businesses/industries, agriculture has been primarily considered with the Province of Capiz ranked third (21.68 percent) with Negros Occidental (23.59 percent) being the first and Antique as second (23.38 percent). The province of Aklan (16.17 percent) outranked Iloilo (12.06 percent) and Guimaras (8.76 percent), respectively.
However, in terms of wholesale and retail, the Province of Capiz got the lowest percentage ranked of 5.00 percent among the six provinces in Western Visayas Region. The Province of Guimaras being the top with 11.07 percent out ranked the Provinces of Iloilo (8.78 percent), Aklan (8.43 percent), Antique (7.33 percent) and Negros Occidental (6.45 percent).
For manufacturing, the Provinces of Aklan and Iloilo ranked first with 1.87 percent while Negros Occidental ranked second (1.43 percent) and the Province of Capiz ranked third (0.86 percent), followed by Guimaras (0.69 percent) and Antique (0.32 percent).
The Province of Capiz shares about 2.43 percent or ranked third in community, recreational and personal services. The Province of Aklan ranked first (3.05 percent) in this industry, followed by the Province of Negros Occidental (2.84 percent). The Provinces of Antique (0.69 percent) and Guimaras (0.00 percent) were at the bottom in the entire six (6) provinces of Western Visayas Region.
The Province of Capiz ranked first (4.08 percent) in transportation, storage and communication services while the Province of Iloilo ranked second (3.14 percent), third is the Province of Guimaras (2.46 percent), fourth is Aklan (2.19 percent) and Negros Occidental (1.89 percent) and Antique (1.13 percent) ranked fifth and sixth, respectively.
Mining and quarrying have no significant contribution in the total family income in the four (4) provinces, except in the Provinces of Iloilo (0.07 percent) and Negros Occidental (0.02 percent). While in construction industry, only four provinces obtained double percentage figure. These are the
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Provinces of Iloilo (0.76 percent), Guimaras (0.42 percent), Negros Occidental (0.34 percent) and Aklan (0.29 percent).
On the other services industries, the Province of Guimaras top the list among the six provinces in Western Visayas with 45.56 percent while the Province of Capiz ranked second with 42.28 percent followed by Negros Occidental in third with 41.59 percent, Aklan in fourth with 39.57 percent, fifth is Iloilo with 37.86 percent and Antique ranked sixth with 29.02 percent.
For the undefined services, the Province of Antique ranked first with 38.13 percent, second is Iloilo (33.36 percent), third is Guimaras (31.04 percent) followed by Aklan (28.43 percent), Capiz (23.67 percent) and Negros Occidental (21.85 percent).
The provincial economy of Capiz like Negros Occidental, Antique and Iloilo is greatly dependent on agriculture wherein 21.68 percent of the total family income is derived from this sector. This is mainly because the province has a vast tract of land area suitable for agriculture such as crop production, inland and aqua-marine production. The province low-lying and moderately rolling areas are devoted to perennial crop production such as rice, sugarcane, corn and coconut. While, coastal and swampy areas of the province are maximized for fishing and aqua-marine production.
The rest of the family income of the province of Capiz are derived from wholesale and retail with 5.0 percent, manufacturing, community, recreational and personal services, and transportation accounted for 0.86 percent, 2.43 percent, 4.08 percent, respectively.
The Province of Capiz compared with other provinces in Western Visayas poorly performed in wholesale and retail which shares only 5.0 percent of the family income. The Provinces of Guimaras (11.07 percent), Iloilo (8.78 percent), Aklan (8.43) and Antique (7.33 percent) are among the provinces that got a high percentage share of the family income in this sector.
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The manufacturing (0.86 percent), community, recreational and personal services (2.43 percent) and transportation, storage and
communication services (4.08 percent) contribute a minimal percent shares in the total family income in the Province of Capiz. While other services, industries and those which are not defined shares about 42.28 percent and 23.67 percent respectively in the total family income.
The rest of the family income of the Province of Capiz are derived from wholesale and retail with five percent, manufacturing, CRPS and
transportation account 0.86 percent, 2.43 percent, 4.08 percent, respectively. The Province of Capiz compared with other provinces in Western Visayas poorly performed in wholesale and retail which shares only five percent of the family income. The provinces of Guimaras (11.07 percent), Iloilo (8.78 percent), Aklan (8.43) and Antique (7.33 percent) are among the provinces that got a high percentage share of the family income in this sector.
The manufacturing (0.86 percent), community, recreational and personal services (2.43 percent) and transportation, storage and
communication services (4.08 percent) contribute a minimal percent shares in the total family income in the Province of Capiz. While other services industries and those which are not defined shares about 42.28 percent and 23.67 percent respectively in the total family income.
The agricultural production maps of Capiz indicate major crops and commodities that significantly contribute to the local economy as well as to the total family income of the province. These are irrigated rice, corn, sugarcane, coconut and fisheries production.
The irrigated rice production of the province of Capiz is situated in the municipalities of Panay, Pontevedra, Panitan and Maayon in the first district and Mambusao, Sigma, Dao, Cuartero, Dumalag and Dumarao in the second district. Major irrigation facilities supporting rice production in the province are located in the municipalities of Mambusao, Cuartero and Dumarao. The
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warehouses and offices of the National Food Authority (NFA) are located in the municipality of Dumalag and Roxas City.
On the other hand, major corn-producing areas of the province are the municipalities of Maayon, Cuartero, Dumarao, Dumalag and Tapaz.
The major areas in the province of Capiz where sugarcane production are located in the municipalities of Pilar, Pres. Roxas, Pontevedra, Maayon, Panitan and Sigma. Other municipalities with areas devoted for sugarcane production are Dumalag, Dao and Dumarao.
The coastal and fishery areas of the province are situated in the municipalities of Ivisan, Sapian, Roxas City, Panay, Pontevedra, Pres. Roxas and Pilar. The support facility for fishery and aqua-marine production like the fish processing is located in Roxas City.
The tourism and services map of the province of Capiz indicates major tourism facilities and sites potential for expansion and development as one of the primary drivers of economic development in the Province of Capiz. These include the beaches along the coastal areas of the province like Roxas City and the municipalities of Ivisan, Sapian, Panay and Pilar, the waterfalls and inland resorts, caves, historical sites and other historical structures spread through-out the different municipalities in the province of Capiz.
Table 11 Data Matrix: Total Family Income (P Millions) by Household Head, by Kind of Business/Industry, Region VI, by Province, 2000
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Table 12 Joint Probability: Shares of Family Income (%) by Household Head, by Kind of Business/Industry, Region VI, by Province, 2000
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Table 13 Concentration: Total Family Income (%) by Household Head, by Kind of Business/Industry, Region VI, by Province, 2000
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Table 14 Specialization: Total Family Income (%) by Household Head, by Kind of Business/Industry, Region VI, by province, 2000
Source: 2000 Family Income and Expenditure Survey
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Figure 6 Overall Distribution of the Regional Economy
7.22% 38.11%
7.32% 10.05%
1.82% 35.48%
Figure 7: Shares of Total Family Income by Household Head in the Agriculture Industry
Negros Occ. Iloilo
Guimaras Capiz
Antique Aklan 0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00%
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Figure 8 Capiz Shares of Total Family Income by Household Head by Business/Industry

N o t D ef i ned
O t her S ervcice Ind ust ri es T r ansp o r t at i o n, St o r ag e & C o mmuni t y S er vices C o mmuni t y R ecr eat io nal & P er so nal S ervi ces
W ho l esale & R et ai l
M i ni ng & Q uar r yi ng
C o nst ruct i o n
M anuf act uri ng
A g r i cul t ur e 0 .0 0 % 5. 0 0 % 10 . 0 0 % 15.0 0 % 2 0 .0 0 % 2 5. 0 0 % 3 0 .0 0 % 3 5.0 0 % 4 0 .0 0 % 4 5. 0 0 %
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prawn and other seafoods production, food processing such as calamansi juice, coconut oil, banana chips, kaong, and instant salabat .
Processed seafoods likewise becomes a potential for economic growth considering that the industry players are now entering export market for the processed seafoods such as crab meat, prawn, scallops, oyster meat/sauce and boneless bangus.
On the other hand, corn being one of the major raw materials in the production of feeds and bio-fuels are also being considered as potential for economic growth considering that the province has a vast tract of agricultural lands suitable for corn production.
Another product or commodity which is being considered as potential for economic growth of the province is the abaca or internationally known as Manila hemp, a major raw materials for the production of textile and other fiber crafts.
Considering its potentials for export, the prawn production has become a declining industry of the province of Capiz due to the unfavorable environmental condition that affects prawn culture, the fishery sector of the province in general remained as one of its major economic contributor.
The decline of the prawn production became the triggering factor for the fishpond owners to shift into grouper production such as culture of lapulapu, danggit, bulgan, and other brackish water fish species which are in demand in the local and global market. For seashells, the province is also known as one of the major producers of angel wings or locally known as diwal.
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4.3 Local Factors
4.3.1 Physical Resources
The availability and abundance of physical resources of the province of Capiz became the potent advantage compared to its neighboring provinces in Western Visayas Region. Its location, being at the northern portion of Panay Island, is strategic for commerce and trade because of its proximity to Metro Manila and other major cities where international airports and seaports have been situated.
More so, that the province of Capiz has a wide array of fertile plains and rolling hills, rich coastal and fishery grounds suitable for production of the identified and chosen commodities. This physical resource attributes of the province is somewhat perfect for production of both crops, poultry and livestock as well as marine and aqua-marine products that can be maximized for processing and other related industries the province may have given optimum priority of support.
Over and above these physical resource attributes, the province is also endowed with substantial reserve of different minerals and other natural resources that are critical factors for economic development of the province.
Similarly, the province is likewise gifted with natural and man-made sceneries potential for eco-tourism industry being one among those potential industries to boost the local economy of the province. These natural and manmade structures and sceneries which at present made the province of Capiz visible in the eco-tourism industry map of the country include its long coastal beach zones along Culasi area down Barangays Baybay, Dumolog and Punta Cogon, clean and natural beaches in the municipalities of Ivisan (Virgin Beach and Coves of Ivisan), Sapian (Gugma Beach), Panay (Buntod Beach), Pilar (Tucad Reef) and many other unexplored beaches along the island barangays of Pontevedra and President Roxas.
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The Island of Olotayan, a thirty (30) minute pump boat ride from Barangay Banica Wharf, is an excellent diving spot for diving enthusiasts because of its crystal clear waters, multi-colored fishes and colorful seaweeds. It is another natural resource that added to Capiz critical advantage to be considered as an eco-tourism haven in Western Visayas Region. For the upland natural made eco-tourism spots, the province of Capiz can also make proud of the different caves, springs and spelunking sites that can be found in the Municipalities of Dumalag (Suhot Cave and Spring), Maayon (Igang Cave), Pilar (Pilar Cave), Mambusao (Quipot Cave) and Jamindan (Suhoton Cave). 4.3.2 Human Resources
The province has substantial supply of skilled and unskilled laborers. It has the highest and lowest unemployment rates in the region. Employment status of household population 15 years and over since 1997 up to 2003 ranges from 441,000 to 452,000 persons with 74 percent labor participation rate in 2003 and an employment rate of 95 percent in 2003. Unemployment rate, on the other hand, is only six percent in 2003 which is the lowest in the region.
Majority of the provinces human resources is employed in agriculture with 51 percent in 2002 which is 22 percent higher than the 1997 data of 40 percent. Non-agriculture sector employs 49 percent in 2002. 4.3.3 Knowledge Resources
With its strategic location, access to education especially higher learning institution (colleges and universities) is not really a problem in Capiz. The record of the NSCB shows that the province has 422 government and nine private elementary schools, 51 secondary schools and seven tertiary schools in 2007. Major colleges and universities in Iloilo City and Metro Manila are also accessible to the Capizeos. Annually, around 3,402 graduates (80 percent) out of the 4,254 recorded number of students enrolled in the tertiary
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level have been produced by the province of Capiz. This does not include the unrecorded number of graduates from Iloilo City, Bacolod and Metro Manila.
The Capiz State University (CAPSU), a government-owned learning institution in Capiz, offers courses like agriculture, fishery, veterinary medicine, commerce, engineering, architecture, education, nursing, computer science and vocational-technical courses to meet with the employment demand in the local and global market.
Aside from the learning institutions present in the province, there are numerous internet service providers within Roxas City and some major towns in the province that serve as information gateway to the global community and global market as well. These internet providers were utilized by some business-minded people in the province as a medium of selling and promoting major products of the province like cutflower and cutfoliage, processed seafoods, processed foods and even fresh aqua-marine products. 4.3.4 Capital Resources
Capital is one of the major drivers to any economic activities. It is also where investment comes from. Capizeos tend to keep their money in banks rather than invest in productive businesses. Data from NSCB shows that the province of Capiz has 14 commercial banks, three thrift banks and 15 rural banks in 2006. These banks have an aggregate amount of deposits of
approximately 5.695 billion pesos waiting to be tapped for investment.
Aside from these banks, there are approximately 20 private microfinance institutions present in the province providing micro-finance to informal sectors such as market vendors, sari-sari store operators and individuals engage in diversified livelihood ventures. These private micro-finance institutions operate in the entire province thus providing capital to individuals even in the most remote villages.
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4.3.5 Infrastructure Facilities
The good transportation network and other infrastructure support of the province provide a good environment that could attract investors in the area. The province of Capiz has its own major infrastructure facilities such as airport, seaport, transport terminals that facilitates transfer of commodities from the province to other neighboring provinces and key cities.
However, these existing infrastructure facilities need to be improved and developed to accommodate more inflow and outflow of the commodities, economic activities and other forms of undertaking which may affect economic development of the province.
Similarly, Capiz is likewise known for its manmade structures that facilitate eco-tourism, political, cultural and economic activities. These manmade structures which have contributed so much in the development of the province and its key industries include the following:
Villareal Stadium a more or less 10 hectares stadium enclosed with perimeter fence and equipped with a rubberized oval, a swimming pool, and a covered gym with centralized air-condition is a conducive venue for athletic events such as Palarong Pambansa, Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) games, political rallies, trade exhibits and cultural events like concerts.
Capiz Sugar Central a centrifugal sugar mill situated in the town proper of President Roxas, Capiz built during the Spanish era has been regarded as one of the oldest functional mills in the region that provides employment opportunity for the Capizeos. The mill has already undergone some renovations and upgrading for higher milling capacity and efficiency.
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Ancestral House of the late President Manuel Roxas a two storey building made of hardwood and stone which has been preserved for centuries became a historical site that is being frequented by domestic and foreign tourists that visited Capiz. Inside the old house are some memorable items of the late President Manual Roxas.
Roxas City Airport a five minute tricycle ride from the heart of city is the Roxas City Airport located along Arnaldo Boulevard, Roxas City. This airport is among the few safest airports in the country that significantly contributes to the economic development of Capiz because it facilitates transfer of goods and people from Capiz to Metro Manila via Philippine Airlines and Cebu Pacific flights. This also serves as an alternate route of commuters in the northern part of Iloilo province and southern part of the province of Aklan.
Culasi Port a 20 minutes tricycle ride from the heart of Roxas City is the Culasi Port, a domestic docking port of commercial sea vessels bound for Metro Manila and vice-versa. This sea port has significantly contributes to economic activities of the province considering that passengers and goods coming in and out passes through the port of Culasi.
Libas Seaport is one of the major fishing wharves in the province located at Barangay Libas, Roxas City. This fishing wharf accommodates docking fishing vessels from Roxas City, Masbate, Sibuyan, Cadiz City and other adjacent provinces of Capiz.
Teodoro Arcenas Trade Center (TATC) is a commercial and product bagsakan center of the province Capiz located along Barangay IV, Roxas City. This is one of the busiest public markets in Roxas City where daily economic activities take place.
Other historical sites in the province of Capiz that are highly potential as eco-tourism destinations include the centuries old churches in Panay
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where the biggest bell in Asia is located, the Agtalin Shrine in Dulangan, Pilar where a huge image of Virgin Mary has been built and regularly visited by devotees from other parts of the Visayas regions and so many other sites with aesthetic value worth visited. 4.4 Summary
4.4.1 Overall Structure of the Provincial Economy
The over-all provincial economic structure of Capiz revolves around agriculture and fishery production specifically of the major crops such as palay, corn, sugarcane and coconut and fishery and aqua-marine products such as such as bangus (milkfish), prawn, oysters, kapis shells among others. Almost 80 percent of the Capizeos depend their major source of income from agriculture. With this primary consideration and in line with the national government agenda on food security and poverty alleviation, the Provincial Government has put premium on increasing agri-fishery productivity by taking the lead to implement related programs and putting in place support services and facilities for this purpose.
Crop production is a major component of agricultural activities in the province. Of the Capizs total land area of 263,317 hectares, the total agricultural area is 110,594 hectares or 42 percent making Capiz as a major agricultural province in the country. It is one of the biggest rice and corn producers in the region and as the Garden Capital of Northern Panay, Capiz farms grow orchids, various ornamental plants and flowers that supply a thriving cutflower business. Its fertile land is a good grazing ground for cattle and for raising swine, goats and poultry.
The coastal waters of Capiz constitute one of the richest fishing grounds in the Western Visayas. Its waters teem with the best gifts of the sea -blue marlin, tuna, prawns and shrimps, crabs, eel, shellfish and other marine species. Prawn and milkfish are also cultured in fishponds.
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Secondary to agriculture and fishery, Capiz province considers also industries and service sectors as major economic players which provide life (income and employment) to Capizeos. These industries include processing like centrifugal sugar (Capiz Sugar Central), prawn and crabs meat processing (Philips Seafoods), kaong and coconut oil (Tropics &
CASCOFAMCO), calamansi and banana processing (Progressive Women & ARBsMPC), oyster sauce, among others.
In the service sector, restaurants, hotels, resorts, internet caf/shops, transport providers, shopping malls among others has been considered as another area which plays a major role in the over-all economic structure of the province of Capiz.
4.4.2 Industries with Best Potentials for Contributing to Economic Growth As stated in the previous sections, the industries with best potentials as major contributors to the economic growth of the province are the cutflower and cutfoliage, being one that has export potentials, the processed foods and seafood and the eco-tourism industry.
It is in this context that economic development of the province is geared towards the development of this industry over and above the development of the agriculture and fishery industry being the major economic base of the province of Capiz.
Rice production and other high value crops specifically in low-lying areas is considered declining industry due to the frequent occurrence of natural calamities such as floods, typhoons and pests. inputs also affects production of farm commodities. High cost of farm
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In aqua-marine/fishery industry the absence or lack of post harvest facilities, cold storage, illegal fishing and illegal dikes and used of harmful chemicals contribute to the declining trend in the production of these products.
4.4.3 Local Factors to Enhance Growth Potentials of Industries
Putting all major local factors that enhance growth potentials of industries in the province of Capiz, the support of the local government units tops the list. Also, other local factors being considered include, vast tract of agricultural lands that have potentials to be developed into prime agricultural production areas of high value crops, rich fishing grounds that can be developed into marine sanctuaries and protected areas for marine species, friendly local policies and ordinances that give investors investment incentives, many areas potential for eco-tourism development and generally favorable peace and order condition of the province.
Major infrastructure facilities such as generally good condition of major road networks and bridges connecting the two districts of the province to other adjacent provinces, good supply of electricity and potable water in Roxas City and major towns identified as economic development centers of the province are also the major local factors that enhance growth potentials of industries in Capiz.
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4.2
Potential for Contributing to Local Economic Growth
4.2.1
Economic Base Industries
The economy of Capiz is primarily dependent on agriculture and fishery. This is a major source of income for 80 percent of the Capizeos. With this primary consideration and in line with the national government agenda on food security and poverty alleviation, the Provincial Government has put premium on increasing agri-fishery productivity by taking the lead and putting in place support services and facilities for this purpose. The even distribution of rainfall throughout the year makes the province highly suitable for agriculture and aquaculture industries.
Agriculture Crop Production
Among the major crops grown in the province are rice, corn, sugarcane, coconut, mango, banana, and lowland vegetables. The province is one of the biggest rice and corn producers in the region.
As the garden capital of Northern Panay, Capiz farms grow orchids, various ornamental plants and flowers that supply a thriving cutflower business. Its fertile land is a good grazing ground for cattle and for raising swine, goats and poultry.
Cutflower and cutfoliage are grown throughout the Philippines but industry players are considered small and have confined only to a few growers. However, for the last few years, awareness on the high return on investments in cutflower and cutfoliage production encouraged more growers to venture on it.
Despite larger area devoted to the industry, growing demand remained unserved because of shortfall in supply. Aside from being dubbed as the Seafood Capital of the Philippines, the Province of Capiz is also known as
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the Garden Center of Northern Panay Island because of its thriving cutflower and cutfoliage industry. Since 2003, the total area in the Province of Capiz planted to cutflower and cutfoliage is approximately 400 hectares involving 156 major producers.
The industry export performance in terms of sales is very promising. The export sales grew from $20,000 in 2003 to $33,303 in 2008, while the accounted annual domestic sales was P990,425.00.
The industry estimated total direct employment was 1,043 persons. Indirect employment such as those involved in retailing and flower arrangement has been estimated more than double than those of the direct employment.
With the increasing demand of the export market, it is projected that the cutflower and cutfoliage industry will likely become one of the major income earner and employment providers in the province of Capiz.
Though perceived as export potential industry, cutflower and cutfoliage production in Capiz are also faced with major constraints such as high cost of structures (greenhouse), irrigation and post harvest facilities, planting materials and lack of infrastructure development of farm to market roads and bridges. Access to credit sources is another problem confronting the growers and most of the industry players. On the part of the exporters, volume and consistent quality are also a problem. Despite these major constraints, the industry plans to contribute $80,000 to local income by 2011.
The industry shall pursue the following strategies to attain its goal:
1. Focus
export
development
efforts
and
resources
on
products/services where the province has comparative advantage; and, 2. Enhance competitiveness of the industry.
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Fishery and Aqua-Marine Production
The coastal waters of Capiz constitute one of the richest fishing grounds in the Western Visayas. Its waters teem with the best gifts of the sea -blue marlin, tuna, prawns and shrimps, crabs, eel, shellfish and other marine species. Prawn and milkfish are also cultured in fishponds.
Taking its rule as an active contributor to the development of the province, the municipalities of Pontevedra consider milkfish (Bangus) as its One-Town-One-Product (OTOP), Pilar for mud crab production, Sapian for mussels/tahong, Pres. Roxas for marine/inland products, Panay for lapu-lapu grouper, Tapaz for fancy rice , Jamindan for abacca, and Maayon for nito based products.
Processed Foods and Seafoods
Processed food is one of the thriving industries in the Province of Capiz. It is visualized that the province would have a dynamic food industry committed to provide quality products where all players are aware and responsive to the emerging markets, trends and global challenges that will sustain economic growth and uplift the standard of living of the Capizeos.
From 2002 to 2008, the industry has significantly provided 1,232 estimated direct employment to the province and an investment of approximately PhP81.76 million.
The industry has also posted an accumulated export sales of $49.98 million and domestic sales of P 63.14 million since 2002 to 2007.1
Since the processed food industry is perceived as a promising industry that will boost export potential of the province, the following municipalities have prioritized the processed food as their one town, one product,
1
Profile of the Processed Food Industry, Province of Capiz prepared by the Department of Trade and Industry Capiz.
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Dumarao prioritized processed calamansi, Cuartero for banana chips, Ivisan for coco-based product and muscovado sugar for the municipality of Sigma.
Given the potentials of the processed food industry, the industry players are confronted by several constraints such as limited access to capital, limited access to technologies and knowledge on current Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Total Quality Management (TQM) and inability of the food processors to compete with the multi-national companies, inadequate infrastructure support facilities, absence of common service facilities, weak linkages between producers, processors and traders and lack of information on market trends and development.
Despite these constraints, the province of Capiz is consistently pursuing its target to provide necessary assistance and support to the processed food industry to attain its target to provide employment, increase income and sales (export and domestic) and encourage infusion of fresh capital to expand industry coverage and production capacity.
Another economic base industry in the Province of Capiz with relatively high potentials for contributing to its local economic growth is the processed seafoods which include crab meat, prawn, scallops, oyster meat/sauce and boneless bangus, bottled oyster sauce, canned fish in oil and tomato sauce, dried squid and shrimps, fish tocino, crab meat relleno and crablets.
The processed seafood industry has obtained support of the local government unit and the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) through the OTOP concept. The municipalities of Pilar, Pres. Roxas, Panay, Ivisan, Sapian and Roxas City considered this industry as their primary and secondary OTOP.
Table 15 reflects the extent of independence or association between total family income and the kinds of businesses or industries in the province. As usual, the Agriculture Sector with the highest location quotient of 1.17 provides more income to majority of families and to the economy of the
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province as a whole. Significant higher likelihood was also contributed by the Community, Recreation and Personal Services: Transportation, Storage and Communication Services; and, Other Services industries which quotients reached 1.02, 1.01 and 1.07, respectively. Meanwhile, the contribution of Wholesale and Retail Services; Manufacturing; and the sector under the Not Defined category were under represented, meaning these did not contribute much to the family income as their quotients were less than 1. Mining and Quarrying and Constructions services were of negligible existence in the province. 4.2.2 Local Employment Growth
The sectors that provide local employment in the province of Capiz for the past five years were agriculture and non-agriculture sectors. The employment trend as reflected in Table 11.2 of the 2007 Regional Social and Economic Trend published by the National Statistical and Coordination Board (NSCB) shows a declining trend of employment in agriculture from 55.5 percent in 1998 down to 51.2 percent in 2002 and an upward trend in nonagriculture sector from 44.5 percent in 1998 to 48.8 percent in 2002.
Agriculture and Fishery Sector
Data obtained from NSCB shows that in 1998, 55.5 percent of employed persons in the province of Capiz were in agriculture sector. However it decreased in 2002 by around 4.3 percent which means that only around 51.2 percent of those employed persons remained in the agriculture sector. The declined in the employment percentage in agriculture has been attributed by the increase of percent of those employed in non-agriculture sector from 44.5 percent in 1998 to 48.8 percent in 2002. Though, there is a decrease in employment trend in agriculture sector, the Province of Capiz remained as one of the top contributing provinces in Western Visayas Region when it comes to agriculture production.
Table 15 Location Quotients: Total Family Income by Household Head, by Kind of Business/Industry, Region VI, by province, 2000
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Non-Agriculture Sector
Nonagriculture sector accounts 44.5 percent in 1998 to 48.8 percent in 2002 when it comes to employing persons in the province of Capiz. Nonagriculture sector includes processing, semi-processing, service and cottage industries. The Capiz Sugar Central in the municipality of Pres. Roxas, Philips Seafoods Processing in Roxas City, mall and supermarkets are among the major industries that provide local employment among Capizeos.
The non-agriculture sector such as service industry has been considered as employment provider or will likely provide local employment to Capizeos which include shopping malls, restaurants, hotels, transport providers, communication providers, eco-tourism, among others. The service or non-agriculture sector has catered about 51.3 percent (NSCB 1997-2002) of those employed persons in the province.
With the continuing economic growth of the province, it is likely foreseen that service sector will provide more employment opportunity to the Capizeos. 4.2.3 Competitiveness and Market Share
The province of Capiz is venturing on industries and products that are becoming more competitive and are increasing market share. These industries and products are:
Corn
In the Philippines, corn and corn products constitute about 4.5 percent of the peoples diet being the countrys second major crop next to rice. White corn varieties serve as staple food for 20 percent of the population while yellow corn is used primarily as main ingredient for poultry and livestock
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feeds. Increasing demand for feeds is estimated at five six percent annually due to increasing requirements of the poultry and livestock industries.
From 2002 to 2006, Capiz was able to gain its momentum on corn production. In terms of volume of corn (yellow and white varieties) produced per year, an increase of almost 415 percent was attained, that is, 8,430 metric tons in 2002 to 35,423.60 metric tons in 2006. This gives an average increase in corn production of 6,720.90 metric tons/year.
Physical area devoted for corn production is classified into cluster and non-cluster areas. Cluster corn areas covered a total of 2,800 hectares in 2006 while only 1,960 hectares were maintained in 2007. However, for noncluster corn areas, the area devoted for corn production has doubled, from 1,571 hectares in 2006 to 3,234 hectares in 2007. Combining the cluster and non-cluster areas for corn production, 2007 area is bigger by 773 hectares than the 2006 area.
Though, corn industry is promising due to a tremendous increase in demands both for feeds and bio-fuels, major problems like inadequate agricultural infrastructure (dryer and warehouse) and market support facilities and services, high production costs and natural calamity greatly affect the production of corn in the province for the last five years.
Abaca
The terrain of the province of Capiz particularly the upland portions of the municipalities of Dumalag, Dumarao, Jamindan, Tapaz, Mambusao and Sigma are found suitable for abaca (Manila hemp) production.
Abaca or internationally known as Manila hemp remains to be a competitive agricultural product of the country. The industry continues to contribute and sustain the countrys economic growth and development being the lead exporter of abaca fiber. Likewise, the industry remains as one of the countrys major sources of employment and foreign exchange earnings. It
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sustains more than 1.5 million Filipinos who directly and indirectly depend on abaca for their livelihood.
Currently, there are 135, 958 hectares planted to abaca spread in almost all parts of the country giving livelihood to 82,450 abaca farmers. Annually, the country produces an average of 69, 118 metric tons of abaca fiber. From this, 24 percent are exported in raw form while 86 percent are locally processed into pulp, cordage, and other fibercrafts. Most of these processed products like pulp are also being exported, earning for the country US $79 million a year.
Eighty-five percent of the abaca production is monopolized by the Philippines while 15 percent comes from Ecuador. The abaca of the Philippines has two strong points compared to the abaca produced by the rival country. For one, applications- and marketability-wise, the Philippine abaca has considerable edge. Second, quality-wise, it is more competitive and preferred than the abaca of Ecuador.
Cutflower and Cutfoliage
The Capiz cutflower/cutfoliage has gained popularity both in domestic and export market for the past five years already. Industry players in Capiz have started shipping cutflowers and cutfoliage in Japan and other Asian countries. It has participated in major trade missions and exhibit within and outside of the country. The province has gained popularity and is being dubbed as the garden center of Northern Panay because of the cutflower and cutfoliage. 4.2.4 Potential for Local Economic Growth
The industries/products that have potentials for economic growth include the cutflower and cutfoliage as it gained popularity among Capizeos because of high return of investment. Other potentials that can add up to the local economic development are aqua-marine fisheries such as bangus,
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5.
TRANSPORTATION, ACCESS AND CIRCULATION
5.1
External Linkages
5.1.1 Description of External Linkages
Capiz is located in the central part of the Philippines and situated on the northeastern portion of Panay Island, bordering Aklan and Antique in the west, and Iloilo in the south. Its capital, Roxas City, is the center of commerce and trade of the province and also known as the Seafood Capital of the Philippines. It faces Sibuyan Sea in the north.
Roxas City, the provincial capital, is 136 kilometers from Iloilo City and 86 kilometers from the tourist island of Boracay in Aklan. Travel time is only 45 minutes by plane south of Manila, two to three hours by land to the regional capital of Iloilo City and one to one and a half hours to Kalibo, the capital of province of Aklan.
The province is fast growing, considering the increasing population growth and socio-economic activities that resulted into heavy traffic density of motor vehicles and commuters. There is a need to have good and adequate road network system to improve access and circulation within and outside the province.
The province of Capiz is accessible through land, air and water. Roxas City is connected to the south through Passi City in Iloilo Province passing through the Iloilo-Capiz Road (new route) covering a distance of about 76 kilometers and in Calinog, Iloilo passing through the Iloilo-Capiz Road (old route) at a distance of 65 kilometers.
In the east, the province is connected to Balasan, Iloilo through the Iloilo-Capiz East Coast Road at a distance of about 55 kilometers. It is also connected to Altavas, Aklan through the Ivisan-Sapian-Aklan Road with a
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distance of about 38 kilometers. These major road connections are similarly the roll-on roll-off (RORO) routes and serve as passage way of major land transport vehicles that carries passengers and goods coming in and out of the province of Capiz and its adjacent provinces.
The domestic airport of Capiz is located in Roxas City covering an area of 73 hectares. It provides the air transportation requirements of the province under the management of the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP).
Two airline companies are currently plying the Roxas City-Manila route and Roxas City-Cebu route. The Philippine Airlines and the Cebu Pacific Airlines provide regular transportation services between Roxas and Manila with once a day flight schedule. However, it was observed that the capacity of these aircrafts could not accommodate the passenger demand particularly during peak season.
There are also other airline companies that provide air transportation services to the province but their services are purely cargo transport on a charter basis. An average of five cargo planes is chartered daily.
There are several ports and wharves which serve as the docking point of vessels that provide sea transportation to the city and Roxas City under the direct supervision of the Philippine Ports Authority (PPA).
Approximately seven kilometers away from Roxas City is the Culasi Port and fishing wharves. The existing area occupied by Culasi Port is approximately two hectares and proposed to expand to 15 hectares. Some existing facilities need upgrading and improvements to provide effective and efficient services in response to the increasing demand requirements. The informal settlers within the pot area should be relocated to the identified resettlement area. Port area needs improvement, develop and expand its surrounding to provide better services to passengers and cargo facilities.
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In Roxas City there are five existing wharves and under the management of the Roxas City government which are located at Barangay Banica while four wharves are owned and manage by private operators. Banica Wharf is the docking point of small sea vessles transporting passenger and cargo coming from province of Masbate and other nearby provinces. Four other wharves are located in Washington and Premier de Mayo Streets along Panay River, all in Barangay Punta Tabuc, Roxas City. It is also utilized as loading and unloading point by some vessels that transport cargo, mostly lumber and marble products coming from Romblon.
There are other fishing ports situated at Basiao, Ivisan; Pawa, Panay; Poblacion, Pilar; and Angin, Sapian. The improvements of these fishing ports facilities will improve the quality services.
With the improvements of Culasi Port facilities and the operations of RORO from Roxas City to Masbate to Sorsogon will provide inter-island cargo/passenger. Shipping linkages and improve commodity flows for fishery products and maximize potentials and enhance accessibility of the tourism areas in the province. It will initiate the development of new Agri-Tourism Highway from Luzon to Visayas and Mindanao Islands and likewise promote the province as the Seafood Trip Tourism Center in the Philippines.
The major roads and ports of the province are not densely busy as compared with those of the neighboring provinces of Iloilo, Negros Occidental and Aklan where international and international standard airports are located. 5.1.2 Linkages and Facilities that should be given Highest Priority for Improvement
The rehabilitation/upgrading of inter-provincial transport facilities of 89.885 kilometers of Roxas City-Iloilo road, concreting of Capiz-Iloilo road (new), concreting of Tapaz-Jamindan road and the concreting of Iloilo-East Coast Capiz road, will provide better mobility and accessibility to and from the province.
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The improvement of Culasi Port and the roll-on roll-off (RORO) operation facilities from Roxas City to Masbate will be given priority to provide inter-island cargo/passenger shipping linkages. This will connect the province to Sorsogon and link to vital areas between Luzon, in the north and Mindanao, in the south, and other parts of the Visayas in order to promote the One Town One Product (OTOP) concept. It will strengthen agri-fishery economic activities through increased mobility of people, goods and services passing through the Province of Capiz. It will ultimately boost tourism activities and promote the province as the Seafood Trip Tourism Center in the Philippines.
The Iloilo-Capiz East Coast Road (East-West Lateral) as part of the Western Strong Republic Nautical Highway connects Roxas City to Iloilo passing the coastal towns. It has a total length of 56 kilometers with 15 kilometers of concrete pavement while 41 kilometers are of asphalt pavement. There is an urgent need to rehabilitate this road because the asphalt road, constructed in 1989, is now fast deteriorating.
The airport has a passenger terminal building occupying an area of 790.5 square meters which is not adequate to address the requirements of increasing passenger and cargo traffic. Hence, there is a need to construct additional new terminal building and a new CAAP administrative building in order to provide better airport facilities.
The construction of the cargo terminal building should also be completed to provide adequate services and facilities for loading and storage.
The concrete runway has a length of 1,890 meters x 45 meters equivalent to 85,050 square meters in area and width of 30 meters partially constructed which are below the standard length requirements of two kilometers to accommodate bigger aircrafts like Boeing 737 and DC-9. Thus, there is a need to expand the runway by 110 meters x 15 meters dimension equivalent to 1,650 square meters in area to meet the required standard for runway.
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5.1.3 Proposed New External Linkages
The Roxas City Government, through the Provincial Government of Capiz and the Regional Development Council VI, intends to develop the Roxas City Circumferential Road consisting of 19.86 kilometers which would serve as a bypass road network to cater to the growing traffic of agri-aqua products and passengers going to and from Culasi Port, the municipality of Panay and the adjoining north eastern town of Capiz without passing through the central business area of Capiz.
The projects aims to improve road networks in production land areas and provide fast and reliable support transport system between urban center and depressed rural municipalities that would consequently spread
agricultural and fisheries development, and promote tourism and increase economic activities in order to upgrade standard of living in the areas. It is also in support to the development thrusts and strategies of Western Visayas Region as major producer of agricultural commodities, export winner in industries, rich in natural resources, rich in cultural heritage and natural attractions, and skilled trainable human resources.
The province was once connected to the province of Iloilo through a railroad system under the defunct Panay National Railways which ceased to operate in the 1990s. There is a long-term plan to revive the 120 kilometer railway system to improve connection between the province of Capiz and other provinces in the Island of Panay. 5.2 Internal Circulation
There are about 30,000 vehicles operating in Roxas City and nearby municipalities, of which 71 percent are privately-owned, 28 percent are public utility vehicles and only one percent government-owned.
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Travel to neighboring municipalities and province are provided by public utility vans (L-300) and buses. Trips to Iloilo province are provided by bus companies and to Kalibo in Aklan by public utility vans (L-300).
The provinces road inventory increased from 782 kilometers in 1994 to 1,971 kilometers in 2004. In 2008, road inventory reached a total road length of 2,032 kilometers with 38.46 percent increase. It is comprised of 331
kilometers of national roads, 406 kilometers provincial roads, 90 kilometers city/municipal roads and 1,205 kilometers of barangay roads.
Of the total existing road network of the province, 16 percent are classified as national road consisting of 147 kilometers concrete paved, 67 kilometers asphalt and 27 kilometers gravel road. On the other hand, 20 percent are classified as provincial road, four percent as city/municipal road and 59 percent as barangay roads. The decrease in length of national road in Capiz is due to strengthening of road system as a result of the new system of road inventory conducted by the Road and Bridge Inventory Assessment (RBIA) of DPWH.
Traffic congestions usually occur in Roxas City during peak hours. Contributory to this are the rapid growth of residential subdivisions, memorial parks, institutional and commercial establishments, the existing sub-standard narrow width of road pavement/carriageway, two-way traffic, rapid increase in population, improper parking or waiting vehicles, pedestrians crossing, traffic accidents, improper loading and unloading of passengers, existence of light heavy truck vans using the major roads during peak hours, inadequate parking areas of the existing commercial establishments and other commercial activities in the urban area.
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5.2.2 Internal Routes and Linkages that need to be Improved
There are 12 provincial roads that are proposed for reclassification into national roads with a total length of 78.436 kilometers.
Proposed Reclassification of Provincial Road to National Road, Capiz Length Road Location (km) Concencia Tinigban Road 7.60 Panitan Cogon Pontevedra Road 4.115 Pontevedra Dumolog Gabuan Road Mongpong Culajao 3.072 Roxas City Banica Road Adlawan Liong Jumaguicjic San Jose 6.002 Roxas City Cabugao Road Lanot Loctugan Panitan Boundary Road 3.330 Roxas City Banica Bato Milibili Arcabalo Bolo Road 6.338 Roxas City Barangay Bato Road, Panay 2.00 Panay Hipona Canapian Quinabonglan Road 20.50 Maayon Poblacion Pawa Road, Panay 6.280 Panay Sta. Fe Casanayan Road 3.25 Pilar Panitan & Panitan Timpas Mianay Road 9.20 Sigma Roxas City Cagay Sibaguan Balijuagan 6.379 Roxas City Cudian Ivisan Road
Source: Department of Public Works and Highways
The LanotLoctugan-Panitan Boundary Road needs to be converted immediately from local into national road considering that it connects two national road sections.
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6.
INCOME, EMPLOYMENT, SERVICE ACCESS AND POVERTY
6.1
Employment and Unemployment Rates The number of persons in the labor force in Capiz of the population 15
years old and over who are either employed or unemployed in 2003 was estimated at 335,000 of which 316,000 were employed and 19,000 were unemployed. This translates to an employment rate of 94 percent and unemployment rate of six percent, the highest rate in Western Visayas. The persons not in the labor force or those who are neither employed nor unemployed such as housewives, students, disabled and retired persons numbers 117,000. This is based on the data from the National Statistics Office.
In 2002, there were 324,000 Capizeos in the labor force with 304,000 employed (94 employment rate) and 20,000 unemployed or an unemployment rate of six percent. The number of those not in the labor force was higher at 121,000 in 2001, the number of persons in the labor force was lower at 314,000 of which 298,000 were employed or an employment rate of 95 percent while 16,000 were unemployed (five unemployment rate). The number of persons not in the labor force was also higher as it was recorded at 124,000.
Starting July 2003 no data on employment could be released at the provincial level but only for the regional level.
Table 16 Population 15 Years and Over, by Employment Status, Region VI, by Province, January 2001, 2002 and 2003 (in Thousands)
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In 2002, the employed Capizeos in the agriculture sector lessened to 51 percent from 56 percent in 1998 hence, the employment in the nonagriculture sector rose to 49 percent compared to 45 percent posted in 1998. This goes to show that the provinces labor force is still predominantly in agricultural activities although the decreasing trend is attributed to the number of people who diverted to the services and industry sectors.
Compared to other provinces in the region, Capiz stood second to Guimaras which posted 58 percent of its employed people engaged in agriculture. This also showed that Capiz is higher than the regions 47 percent employed in the agriculture sector 6.2 Family Income
6.2.1 Average Family Income Levels
The average family income level in Capiz for the year 2000 was estimated at P99,313, up by 13 percent over the P87,905 in 1997 by 112 percent compared to P46,880 in 1994. This translates to an average annual increase of four percent from 1997 to 2000 and 19 percent from 1994 to 2000. Although an increasing trend in the average family income was observed in the past six years, the growth rate somewhat slowed down tremendously in the past three years.
Among provinces in Western Visayas, the province placed fourth in terms of average family income with Iloilo posting the highest with P110,114 followed by Guimaras with 101,125 and Aklan 99,568. This also showed that the provincial level was below the regional level at P109,600. Lower average family income was reported in Negros Occidental with 73,923 and Antique with 94,917. The provinces of Guimaras and Iloilo also exhibited higher growth rate at 37 percent and 32 percent, respectively.
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Table 17 Total and Average Family Income, Region VI, by Province, 1994, 1997 and 2000
2000 Average No. of Family Families Income (P)
1,211,734 86,466 92,247 131,121 26,091 291,472 422,175 89,651 72,509 109,600 99,568 94,917 99,313 101,125 110,114 73,923 177,501 283,604
1997 No. of Families

1,249,979 89,135 98,329 140,999 24,692 290,481 466,808 75,922 63,614
1994 No. of Families

1,133,399 81,243 91,295 125,715 289,321 420,918 66,960 57,947
Province
Average Family Income

86,770 87,276 83,005 87,905 74,003 83,715 67,665 154,836 164,222
Average Family Income

64,078 70,376 43,393 46,880 58,883 56,601 99,630 165,892
Region VI Aklan Antique Capiz Guimaras Iloilo Negros Occidental Bacolod City Iloilo City Source: FIES
6.3
Social Services
6.3.1 Health
Hospital-bed Population Ratio Capiz has three privately and six government owned hospitals located in the five Inter-local Health Zones (ILHZ) of the province. In 2007, the
hospital bed-population ratio in the province is one bed per 2,807 population. Compared with the standard of 1 bed:1,000 population, this is theoretically short of 451 beds. Among the Inter-Local Health Zones, Sen. Gerry Roxas District Hospital has the highest ratio of 1 bed per 3,973 population and would need 74 more beds to satisfy the standard. The edifice or the building is now dilapidated that need to be rehabilitated or condemned. The site where the hospital is located has also ownership problem. The Tapaz District Hospital, the farthest from the capital, needs 51 more beds. The latter is ill-equipped and has no facilities to respond to emergency situation.
The Roxas Memorial Provincial Hospital located in Roxas City has a gap of 155 more beds but proposed 175 more beds to accommodate more patients. It is better equipped and has more doctor specialists compared with
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the district hospitals.
Private hospitals in the province include the Capiz
Doctors Hospital with a bed capacity of 55 beds, St. Anthony College Hospital with 135 and Capiz Emmanuel Hospital with 100 bed capacity.
Doctor-Population Ratio
Considering the standard requirement of one Rural Health Unit (RHU) doctor per 20,000 population, all municipalities, except Pres. Roxas, are below the standard requirement. In terms of doctor-population ratio, the following municipalities are ranked from the highest to the lowest: Tapaz with 1:47,265, Panay with 1:43,528, Dumarao with 1:43,210, Pontevedra with 1:42,996, Pilar with 1:14,709, Panitan with 1:40,160, Mambusao with 1:39,487, Jamindan with 1:36,416, Maayon with 1:35,059, Dao with 1:32,832, Sigma with 1:29,340, Dumalag with 1:27,790, Ivisan with 1:26,006, Cuartero with 1:26,038 and Sapian with 1:24,565.
Percent of Infants with Low Birth Weight
The newborns with low birth weight in Capiz are increasing every year. From 920 in 2005, the number of newborns with weight less than 2,500 grams increased to 1,358 in 2006 and 1,675 in 2007. This high number of newborns with low birth weight could be attributed to insufficient food intake of pregnant women due to poverty and low food production; failure to undergo pre-natal check up at the early trimester of their pregnancy as they only visit on the last trimester. Data shows that Tapaz being one of the hard to reach municipalities has the lowest percentage of women who have undergone four or more-prenatal visits in 2007. Morbidity Rates by Leading Causes
Pneumonia has been the leading cause of infant morbidity for 5 years (2002-2007), followed by Acute LRTI, URI/URTI/ARI, acute watery diarrhea, cough and cold. Acute or chronic bronchitis, gastroenteritis, fever, acute URTI and Systemic Viral Infection. The leading causes of infant morbidity in 2002-
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2007 were all due to low resistance to infection. Newborn Care, feeding of colostrum to the newborn baby, exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, Infant Young Child Feeding (IYCF) with clean feeding utensils are being prioritized by Provincial Health Office.
The top leading causes of morbidity in all ages in Capiz in 2005 was pneumonia, urinary tract infection (UTI) in 2006 and pneumonia again in 2007. Proportion of Children 0-5 years old who died
The infant death rate in the province is nine per 1,000 live births in 2007 which is lower than ten per 1,000 live births registered in 2006. Panitan led the five municipalities lagging behind with high infant deaths followed by Pilar, Pres. Roxas, Pontevedra, Maayon and Mambusao.
From 2002 to 2007, URI/URT/ARI has been the highest leading cause of under-five diseases although pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and under-five children in the province.
Based on the three-year average rate of childrens death below five years old in municipalities, President Roxas had the highest with a rate of 35, followed by Pilar with a rate of 32, Pontevedra - 21, Panitan 20 and
Mambusao - 18. The under-five mortality rate in 2005 was one per 100,000 population of children below five years old and abruptly increased to 12 in 2006 and increased to 14 in 2007.
Proportion of Children 0-5 years old who are Moderately and Severely underweight
Capiz ranks sixth at the regional level on comparative ranking of provinces according to prevalence of underweight pre-schooler children in Region VI in 2007 and 2008. The province registered the rates of ten in 2007 and eight in 2008, showing a decline of two percent.
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Compared to the other provinces in Region VI, Capiz ranks the lowest in the prevalence of underweight pre-schoolers in 2008 while Roxas City ranks 11th among the cities with a rate of ten percent. On the other hand, among the nutritionally-depressed municipalities according to prevalence of underweight pre-school children in Region VI, Tapaz ranks fifth with a rate of 21.
The
most
nutritionally-depressed
municipalities
according
to
prevalence of underweight pre-school children in Capiz in 2008 are Tapaz with a rate of 21.24, followed by Pilar with a rate of 11.88 and Ivisan with 10.52 percent. Proportion of Women Deaths due to Pregnancy-Related Causes
The province has a maternal mortality ratio of 69 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2005 which is lower compared to 155 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2007. Sigma has the highest ratio of MMR with 590 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. In 2007, Pilar has a high MMR ratio of 301 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, followed by Roxas City with a ratio of 226 and Maayon with a ratio of 209 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.
In a regional review in 2007, the province had the highest MMR in Western Visayas. There is a seemingly increasing trend in MMR in Capiz; ratios of 69,119 and 155 in every 100,000 live births were reported in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively.
There were also 21 pregnancy-related deaths reported in 2007. This rising trend is primarily attributed to increased efforts, beginning in 2006, by various stakeholders in health, in reviewing deaths among reproductive age women, and reporting and reviewing maternal deaths. Giving birth at home is already discouraged by the Provincial and City Health Offices because of the increase in maternal deaths. Deliveries are only allowed in hospitals, health
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centers, Rural Health Units birthing clinics. Post partum hemorrhage, eclampsia and sepsis are the leading causes of maternal deaths.
The target plans, programs and activities (PPAs) related to social services include, upgrading of health facilities and services; implementation of Mid-Term Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition (MTPPAN); provision of basic health information to CVHW; strengthening implementation of Newborn screening in Capiz; maternal and child health program; reproductive health program; enhanced capability building for social and health workers; control of lifestyle diseases; and feeding program for nutritionally disadvantage preschoolers.
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6.3.2 Education
Literacy Rate
In November 1994, the province of Capiz has a simple literacy rate of 88 percent. Females have higher simple literacy rate with 90 percent than males with 87 percent. On the other hand, the functional literacy rate of the province was 77 percent. Like in simple literacy rate, females have higher functional literacy rate with 84 percent than males with 69 percent. This condition only shows that women are more literate than men.
In the same year, the provinces functional literacy rate was lower by four percent and seven percent as compared to the regions literacy rate of 81 and the countrys literacy rate of 84 percent, respectively.
Achievement Rates
From school years 2005-2007, Capiz Division and Roxas City Division presented an increasing achievement rate. Capiz Division reached 68 percent (2006-2007) which was significantly higher than the national rate while Roxas City Division got 55 percent (2006-2007) which was below than the national rate.
As of school year 2004-2005, the top five districts in Capiz Division that earned the lowest achievement test mean percentage score are (1) Tapaz West 54 percent, (2) Cuartero 54 percent, (3) Pres. Roxas (55 percent), (4) Dumalag - 57 percent, and (5) Maayon 58 percent. Cohort Survival Rates
Elementary
As of school year 2006-2007, the cohort survival rate of Capiz Division was 64 percent and Roxas City Division was 69 percent. Meaning that 64 for
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every 100 pupils enrolled in Grade 1 in school year 2001-2002 were able to enroll in Grade 6 in school year 2006-2007, while in Roxas City Division, 69 for every 100 pupils enrolled in Grade 1 five years ago were able to enroll in Grade 6 in school year 2006-2007. Province wide, 67 for every 100 pupils enrolled in public elementary school in school year 2001-2002 had the chance to enroll in Grade 6 in school year 2006-2007. This situation only shows that there were still 33 for every 100 pupils who failed to continuously pursue their elementary education at least until Grade 6. Both divisions have higher cohort survival rates than the region with 63 percent and were lower than the country with 73 percent.
It is good to note that the cohort survival rate of Capiz Division, although slightly decreased by one percent from school year 2004-2005 (59 percent) to school year 2006-2007 (64 percent), significantly increased by six percent from school year 2005-2006 to school year 2006-2007. On the other hand, Roxas City Division presented an alarming decrease of 12 percent from school year 2004-2005 (82 percent) to school year 2006-2007 (69 percent).
For three succeeding school years, the top five districts under Capiz Division that lagged behind in elementary cohort survival rates are Tapaz East, Mambusao West, Dumarao, Mambusao East and Sapian. The two districts, Mambusao East and Mambusao West, consistently fall within the top five districts that lagged behind in drop-out rate and cohort survival rate.
Although almost all districts have low cohort survival rates, most of them increased the rate from school year 2005-2006 to school year 20062007. Except for the District of Dumarao, Ivisan, Jamindan, Mambusao West, Panitan, and Pontevedra, the rest of the districts increased their cohort survival rate.
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Secondary
For three school years, the cohort survival rates of the Philippines and Capiz Division have been erratic. They were high in school years 2004-2005 and 2006-2007, and low in 2005-2006. While Roxas City Divisions cohort survival rates have been declining, it decreased by ten percent from school year 2004-2005 (48 percent) to school year 2006-2007 (38 percent).
Also, the countrys cohort survival rates have been higher than the Capiz Division and Roxas City Division. Across divisions, Capiz Division has higher drop-out rate than Roxas City Division with the rates of 69 percent and 38 percent, respectively, in school year 2006-2007.
In school year 2006-2007, seven out of ten children or 69 percent of children enrolled in first-year three years ago are enrolled in fourth-year in schools under Capiz Division. Fewer students or 38 percent are enrolled in schools of Roxas City Division.
From school year 2004-2007, the top five municipalities that lagged behind in secondary cohort survival rate are Panitan, Jamindan, Mambusao, Pilar, and Pontevedra. Classroom- Pupil Ratio
Elementary
Generally, both Capiz Division and Roxas City Division have classroom-pupil ratios that fall within the standard ratio of one classroom per 40 pupils. This situation is also true in all districts under Capiz Division.
Although there are some schools particularly those located in urban areas observed to have classroom-pupil ratios that fall below the standard.
The implementation of Basic Education Information System (BEIS) gives the Department of Education the opportunity to have an updated data
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on the needs specifically on the number of classrooms needed vis--vis the number of enrollees. It then served as basis for the Physical Facilities Coordinator to coordinate with the Central Office to ask for funds for the construction of additional needed classrooms.
Secondary
In school year 2006-2007, both Capiz Division with 1:55 and Roxas City Division with 1:51 have fall beyond the classroom-pupil ratio, which is one classroom per 40-45 student. There are at least 51 students accommodated in a classroom in public secondary schools, but more students are in a classroom in schools under the supervision of Capiz Division than in Roxas City Division.
School Participation Rate
Elementary
The net enrolment rates of the Philippines and Roxas City Division presented a decreasing trend. Capiz Division, however, has an erratic trend; it was high in school year 2004-2005 but slightly decreased in the following school year and then slightly increased in school year 2006-2007. Both divisions have consistent lower net enrolment rates than the national rates. The data further shows that in school year 2006-2007, 83 out of 100 children aged 6-11 years old were enrolled in public elementary schools in Capiz Division and 76 out of 100 children aged 6-11 years old were enrolled in public elementary schools in Roxas City Division. Overall, about 80 out of 100 elementary school age children were enrolled in public elementary schools in the province, thus, there were still 20 children who were either present in private schools or not attending school at all.
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Secondary
The net enrolment rates of Capiz Division from school year 2004-2007 posted an erratic trend while Roxas City Division showed an increasing trend. The net enrolment rate of the 12-15 year old children enrolled in secondary schools in school year 2006-2007 under Capiz Division was 45 percent while in Roxas City Division has a net enrolment rate of 47 percent, which were both lower than the national rate. This means that 45 for every 100 children aged 12-15 years are present in public high schools under Capiz Division while 47 for every 100 children of the same age group are enrolled in public high schools under Roxas City Division.
Generally, not even half of the 12-15 year old children population or 46 for every 100 children aged 12-15 years are present in public high schools in the province. The remaining 54 children are either present in private high schools or likely not in school. Educational Facilities
Primary and Secondary Schools
There are 461 government primary and elementary schools that cater the education needs of elementary school age children. Of the total, 422 schools are under the supervision of Capiz Division and 39 are under the supervision of Roxas City Division. To serve the needs of secondary school age children, there are 61 government secondary schools of which 52 schools are under the supervision of Capiz Division and 9 under Roxas City Division. In school year 2007-2008, there are 571 government day care centers that cater to the needs of children aged 3-5 years old.
In school year 2006-2007, Capiz Division and Roxas City Division have textbook-pupil ratio of 1:1 and 1:3, respectively. Relative to this that many elementary and secondary schools have no functional libraries.
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Tertiary Educational Institution
The province has ninemal tertiary educational institutions that serve not only the needs of the province in tertiary and graduate school education but also that of the neighboring provinces of Romblon, Masbate and Mindoro in MIMAROPA Region. Of these, eight private owned located in Roxas City: , Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion, Dean Alberto Villaruz College, Filamer Christian College, Hercor College, PACE Computer College, St. Anthony College, St. John College, and St. Pius X Seminary. The other one is government-owned, Capiz State University.
The Capiz State University is the only government-owned and university in Roxas City that offers undergraduate and graduate courses and vocational and technical education. It has nine campuses with the main campus located at the heart of the city and the rest strategically located throughout the province.
There are twelve education institutions located in Roxas City, Dumalag, Sigma and Pontevedra that offer vocational/technical education. These provide education on areas like metal works, tinsmithing, electronics, radio mechanics, carpentry and woodworks, food processing/vending, cosmetology, dressmaking and other vocational/technical skills related courses that complement increasing cottage industry businesses in the province.
Other than the formal tertiary and vocational/technical educational institutions in Capiz, there are three institutions in Roxas City exclusively operating for computer education that keeps the province at pace with global trend in information technology. Targets for Education Sector PPAs
There is a need to improve the quality of education service in both elementary and secondary education in order to increase the school performance level by improving the physical access to schools through
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construction and repair of roads and bridges, construction of additional classrooms and repair of dilapidated classroom and buildings and provision of additional chairs to meet the planning standard, and provision and improvement of water and sanitation facilities.
School administrators and teachers should be provided with adequate training and the necessary instructional materials to effectively and efficiently manage schools and teach students. Every school should be given intensive monitoring and supervision to ensure effective school management.
Additional textbooks and other learning materials for students should be provided and functional libraries should be established in every school to inspire and motivate students to study. Key Challenges and Constraints, Priority Concerns and Areas Relevant to Identification of Education Sector PPAs
The low performance level in elementary and secondary education maybe brought by the far distance of and unimproved physical access like roads and bridges to schools that are often found in remote areas of the province. The inadequacy of water and sanitation facilities in schools that maybe considered as a contributing factor to cause water borne diseases that might eventually lead to absenteeism of students.
The insufficient number of classrooms particularly in public high schools considering that as of school year 2006-2007, the classroom-student ratio of Capiz Division and Roxas City Division were 1:55 and 1:51, respectively, which are both beyond the planning standard which is 1:40. Moreover, the seating facility is quite insufficient given that the seating facilitystudent ratio in Capiz Division is 1:1.44 and in Roxas City Division is 1:1.62. This situation could probably affect the quality of learning of students that would lead them to become inattentive of their lessons.
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The insufficiency of textbooks and other learning materials where students can acquire educational information could affect the effective learning of pupils for they have to share a book to study their lessons. This situation is particularly experienced in Roxas City Division with an elementary textbook-pupil ratio of 1:3. Relative to this that many schools have no functional libraries.
Malnutrition is also considered to be one of the reasons that school children are unenthusiastic to participate in school activities and perform low in academics. It is usually caused by insufficient food intake which is often linked to poverty.
Childrens attitude towards studies is also considered to be another reason of low performance. Children who lack motivation and monitoring of parents would sometimes result to become subdued in their studies. In some ways this is caused by parents belief towards education. When parents do not believe that education is essential to assure their childrens future, they tend to become irresponsible for their schooling. Moreover, parents who are busy working failed to follow-up their childrens studies at home and monitor them at school.
Many children had been leaving school for work. They left or were absent from school to work to help their parents and augment the family income or even help take care of their younger siblings. This situation would sometimes lead children to become unenthusiastic to study and result to truancy.
Furthermore, non-inclusion of private schools data are attributed to the low level of elementary performance indicators.
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6.3.3 Housing
In 2000, there were 27,357 households that occupied housing units for free with consent of the owner and 1,436 households have occupied the units for free without consent of the owners. Overall, 22.4 percent of the total households or 28,793 households have free tenurial status. Of this total, the municipality of Panay has the most number of households with rent free status at 2,585 followed by Pontevedra with 2,194. There were 3,859 households recorded in Roxas City belonging in this category.
There were 1,577 housing units or one percent of the total occupied housing units in Capiz were considered dilapidated or condemned. Among the municipalities with most number of dilapidated housing units, Sapian topped the list with 138 or three percent of the total number of occupied housing units followed by Panitan with 134 or two percent. Although there were more dilapidated housing units in Roxas City with 307, these only represent one percent of the occupied housing units in the city.
Table Households in Occupied Housing Units, Capiz, By Tenure of the Housing Unit and Municipality/City, 2000
Total Households in Occupied Housing Unit
128,569 4,681 5,921 5,375 7,993 4,683 6,850 6,395 7,421 7,660 7,073 7,747 7,673 5,119 25,126
City/ Municipality
Owned/ Being Amortized

89,487 3,304 5,566 3,902 5,129 3,807 4,419 3,452 4,789 4,398 4,783 6,085 4,778 2,906 18,921
Tenure Status of Housing Unit Being Being Occupied Occupied for Free for Free Rented with without Consent Consent of Owner of Owner
5,330 88 60 264 306 87 420 357 169 606 187 151 295 89 1,533 27,357 1,039 284 1,130 2,068 750 1,678 2,049 2,080 2,514 1,686 1,222 2,125 1,310 3,621 1,436 10 11 30 73 9 47 41 79 71 71 120 69 243 238
Not Reported
Housing Backlog
CAPIZ Cuartero Dao Dumalag Dumarao Ivisan Jamindan Maayon Mambusao Panay Panitan Pilar Pontevedra Pres. Roxas Roxas City
4,959 240 49 417 30 286 496 304 71 346 169 406 571 813
11,725 338 71 343 796 126 753 894 552 748 604 440 770 903 2,584
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City/ Municipality
Total Households in Occupied Housing Unit

4,557 5,541 8,754
Owned/ Being Amortized

3,591 3,448 6,209
Tenure Status of Housing Unit Being Being Occupied Occupied for Free for Free Rented with without Consent Consent of Owner of Owner
97 289 332 762 1,415 1,624 21 303
Not Reported
Housing Backlog
Sapian Sigma Tapaz Source:
107 368 286
204 678 921
Table Occupied Housing Units by Condition (State of Repair) of the Building by City/Municipality: 2000
Condition (State of Repair) of the Building City/ Municipality Total Occupied Housing Unit Needs No Repair/ Needs Minor Repair
Number CAPIZ Cuartero Dao Dumalag Dumarao Ivisan Jamindan Maayon Mambusao Panay Panitan Pilar Pontevedra Pres. Roxas Roxas City Sapian Sigma Tapaz Source: 127,150 4,649 5,880 5,341 7,914 4,645 6,794 6,382 7,399 7,592 7,037 7,695 7,610 5,053 24,547 4,482 5,491 8,639 73,856 2,652 2,685 3,368 4,066 2,861 3,976 3,584 4,236 4,396 3,620 4,015 3,842 2,918 16,640 2,448 2,848 5,701 Percent 58.1 57.0 45.7 63.1 51.4 61.6 58.5 56.2 57.3 57.9 51.4 52.2 50.5 57.7 67.8 54.6 51.9 66.0
Needs Major Repair

Number 30,647 1,224 2,150 1,393 2,412 994 1,586 1,518 1,780 1,882 1,825 1,928 2,014 1,142 4,469 958 1,552 1,820 Percent 24.1 26.3 36.6 26.1 30.5 21.4 23.3 23.8 24.1 24.8 25.9 25.1 26.5 22.6 18.2 21.4 28.3 21.1
Dilapidated/ Condemned
Number 1,577 67 53 60 45 66 101 102 116 70 134 73 95 28 307 138 72 50 Percent 1.2 1.4 0.9 1.1 0.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 0.9 1.9 0.9 1.2 0.6 1.3 3.1 1.3 0.6
One out of four households has makeshift house or 25 percent of the households with housing units possess or own a dilapidated or barong-barong (makeshift house).
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Housing Backlogs
Capiz needs 11,725 housing units to cover up housing backlogs equivalent to 11 percent of the total households that do not have house of their own.
The occurrence of 15 typhoons and seven flash floods from 1985 to 2000 brought total damage to 54,237 housing units (totally damaged - 6,988 and partially damaged - 47,249 units). Last year, typhoon Frank damaged 44,898 houses. Of the total, 17 percent totally damaged and 83 percent partially damaged. Lack of housing units become the perennial problem aside from the residential lots that keep on increasing its cost.
In Roxas City and some of the municipalities, establishments of subdivisions could answer in any way, housing needs of the people but poor families could hardly acquire unit for their family. A total of 210.88 hectares in Roxas City is developed for subdivisions and in the municipalities socialized housing project has a total area of 32.8 hectares. Sigma has the biggest (8 hectares) percent share in terms of area while other municipalities have an average socialized housing area of two (2) hectares.
With the demand of residential lots and housing units in the province, the current costs of house and lots in the province is increasing.
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6.3.4 Security
Crime Incidence Crime volume in the province of Capiz decreased from 384 in 2004 to 322 in 2006. The index crime or crime against person and property increased from 223 in 2004 to 278 in 2005 and decreased to 238 in 2006. Of all crimes, index crime has been constantly high from 2004-2006 than the non-index crimes.
Among the causes of crime against person, physical injury has been consistently high from 2004-2006. In 2006, it has reached 85 cases followed by homicide (64), murder (36), and rape (31). On the other hand, among the causes of crime against property, robbery was high in 2004 and 2005 and was replaced by theft in 2006. Robbery had 14 cases while theft had 8 cases in 2006.
Crime incidence in the province has been erratic; it posted a low incidence in 2006 (483) and highest incidence in 2007 (519). For three years, the top five areas in the province that have the highest crime incidence are (1) Roxas City (495), (2) Pontevedra (106), (3) Tapaz (84), (4) Maayon (79), and (5) Pres. Roxas (72).
Based on the police records, crime rate in the province of Capiz posted an erratic trend from 2005-2007. It has slightly increased by 0.14 from 2005 to 2006 and decreased by 0.46 from 2006 to 2007. Predictably, crime rate in Roxas City has been consistently high compared to other areas in the province taking into account the large number of people residing within, and entering or going out the area. In 2007, of all municipalities, Pres. Roxas had the highest crime rate and Ivisan had the lowest. For three years, the top five municipalities with the highest crime rates are (1) Roxas City, (2) Sapian, (3) Pres. Roxas, (4) Pontevedra, and (5) Cuartero.
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Poverty is considered as the primary cause of all crimes. Among others, crime incidence is attributed to uncontrolled proliferation of illegal drugs and pirated sex videos, and unmonitored personalities who are going in and out of the province, especially Roxas City.
The crime efficiency solution rate of Capiz has been declining; it decreased by nine percent from 2004 to 2006. Across the region, among the provinces and highly urbanized cities, province of Capiz ranked second in 2004 and 2005, and first in 2006, with the lowest crime solution efficiency rate. Police Services
In 2007, there are 493 policemen employed to ensure the peace and order of the province of Capiz. About 100 are stationed in Roxas City being the capital of the province. The ratio of Capiz police force to population which is 1:1,423 does not meet the national standard of 1:500 population (urban) areas and 1:1,000 population (rural). This simply means that there is a need to hire more policemen to meet the ideal police force to effectively ensure peace and order in the province.
The province of Capiz has four jails, two of which are located in Roxas City and the other two are in Dumalag and Mambusao. Of the four jails, three are under the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) and one by the Provincial Government of Capiz. The rest of the municipalities have detention cells situated in their respective police stations.
The province of Capiz has one Rehabilitation Center under the supervision of the provincial government which meets the required standard of one jail per local government unit.
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Fire Incidence
Fire incident in the province of Capiz has declined from 26 cases in 2005 to 22 cases in 2007. In 2007, majority of the fire incidents took place in Roxas City where numerous commercial establishments and congested houses are located.
For three years, the top five areas with the highest number of fire incidents occurred in Roxas City (22), Dumarao (8), Tapaz (5), Cuartero (4), and Panay (4). The municipality of Sapian has no recorded cases of fire incident since 2005 to 2007.
Major causes of fire incidence had been due to low or lack of knowledge of people on fire prevention measures, uncheck electrical wirings, and mishandling of equipment that might set off the fire.
Fire Services The province of Capiz in 2007 has 113 firemen under the direct supervision of the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP). Majority of them are in Roxas City the rest are assigned in the Office of Provincial Fire Marshall and respective municipalities with fire stations. The municipalities with fire station are Dao, Dumalag, Dumarao, Ivisan, Jamindan, Mambusao, Sigma, and Tapaz, the rest of the municipalities have no fire truck.
In totality, the City of Roxas and the province of Capiz met the required standard ratio of one fire protection service per 20,000 population.
To complement the firemens effective delivery of fire protection services, a total of 16 government-owned fire trucks are available for use during fire emergency situation. Roxas City has three fire trucks and the municipalities of Cuartero, Dao, Dumalag, Dumarao, Ivisan, Jamindan, Mambusao Pilar, Pontevedra, Pres. Roxas, Sapian, Sigma, and Tapaz have one fire truck each that is being managed and maintained by the municipal
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government. Moreover, three fire trucks are owned by a non-government organization volunteer, Capiz Citizens Action Group (CACAG). Fire truck ratio to population is far below the standard ratio which is one fire truck per 28,000 population.
Map 18 Location of Security Facilities, Capiz
6.4
UTILITY/INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
6.4.1 Water and Sanitation
Water
The problem of potable water supply in the depressed far flung upland and coastal areas in the province is the pressing concerns of both local and national government. It has been observed that health problems caused by water-borne diseases and bacteria are inevitable and it incurred a huge amount of out of-pocket expenses on the part of the households.
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Of the 116,944 households in 2007, about 89 percent or 103,987 have access to safe/potable water. In Roxas City 98 percent of its households are wholly dependent on the Level III water supply system of the Metro Roxas Water District (MWRD). Of the 16 municipalities, Panay has the highest percentage users of Level III because of its proximity to Roxas City and one of the expansion areas of MRWD. Next to Panay, municipalities having their own water district are Pontevedra, Pilar, Panitan, Dumalag and Mambusao. Tapaz (with only 40 percent) being the farthest, has the lowest number of households with access to safe water followed by Sapian (71 percent) then Ivisan (84 percent).
The establishment of water districts and water system facilities under the KALAHI-CIDSS, MRWD and LGUs, and the proliferation of purified water business paved the way of minimizing the water supply problem in the municipalities and making safe water accessible and available whole year round.
Compared with other provinces and cities of Region VI that are using Level III, Roxas City topped the list with 94 percent followed by Bacolod City (85 percent), La Carlota City (65 percent) and Iloilo City (61 percent). In terms of service connections, the top five areas are the following: Bacolod City with 26,392; Iloilo City has 20,927; Roxas City has 15,955; Kalibo has 12,514 and La Carlota City with 5,891 service connections.
In Capiz, out of the seven water districts that are operating, Mambusao has the highest minimum charge of 235 per 10 cubic meters while Dumarao has the lowest with 120. The average water rate for the whole province is 175 per 10 cubic meters which is still higher compared to the regional average of 157. The seven water districts have total service connections of 19,442.
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Sanitation
In 2007, about 83 percent of the households in Capiz are using sanitary toilets and only 17 percent used unsanitary toilets. Except Roxas City, the municipalities with the most number of households that are using sanitary toilets are Dumalag (92 percent), Pilar (91 percent) and Mambusao (90 percent) while Tapaz has the lowest with only 37 percent. Compared with other provinces, Capiz ranks third after Iloilo and Negros Occidental with the highest number of population with access to sanitary toilets and complete sanitation facilities.
Map 19 Location of Water and Sanitation Facilities, Capiz
6.4.2 Power The Capiz Electric Cooperative serves power to the majority of the households. Out of 134,969 households, only 23 percent or 32,520 households have no power connections. In Roxas City, about 117 percent of household have access to power facilities, with some having more than one connection. Of the 16 municipalities, the top five municipalities with high
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percentage of household connections are the following: Dumalag 110 percent; Mambusao 82 percent; Ivisan 82 percent; Pontevedra 81 percent and Panay 77 percent. Tapaz again has the lowest power connection with 38 percent. CAPELCO is dependent on its power supply from National Power Corporation through Salcon Power Corporation in Dingle, Iloilo.
The Transmission Company a privately owned is now under the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP). The NGCP through National Power Corporation contribute 65 percent of electricity to CAPELCO, and the remaining 35 percent is being supplied by another privately-owned company, ENERVANTAGE.
The CAPELCO Panitan Sub-Station being rehabilitated and operated by Integrated Power Plant started its operation last January of this year.
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6.4.3 Drainage/Flood Control
The 152 km Panay River that stretches to different municipalities not only supplied potable, agricultural and industrial water but it also drains water from flooded or flood prone municipalities downstream. Panay River originates from Nacuron mountain range near Capiz-Aklan boundary. It flows in a northeast direction and is joined by its major tributaries: Badbaran,
Mambusao and Maayon Rivers. Farther downstream, at Paslang area in the municipalities of Panitan and Panay, the river bifurcates into two, the lower Panay River and the Pontevedra (Agbalo) River. The lower Panay River flows in northernly direction through the municipality of Panay and the City of Roxas and eventually drains into Capiz Bay. Pontevedra River flows in an easternly direction through the municipality of Pontevedra and finally to the Tinagong Dagat estuary. The lower Panay River, near the point of bifurcation, is
presently silted which now makes the Pontevedra River the main course of floodwater.
The Panay River Basin covers an area of approximately 2,181 square kilometers. The basin is located on the northeastern part of Panay Island in the Western Visayas Region and spread over to almost the entire province of Capiz with only a small portion lying within the provinces of Iloilo and Aklan. The basin is bounded on the south by the province of Iloilo and on the west by Panay highlands which separate it from the province of Antique. The
northwestern boundary is the province of Aklan and on the northern part is the Sapian Bay.
The Panay River Basin suffers perennial flooding which is the major constraint to the economic development of these areas. The municipalities identified as flood prone areas are: Dao, Dumarao, Cuartero, Sigma,
Mambusao, Panay, Pontevedra, Panitan, Dumalag, Maayon and Tapaz. The resident of these 12 municipalities and Roxas City experience flooding one to three times annually. According to the 2000 data published by the Civil Defense Office, DND, Region VI, flood levels go as high as half meters to
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about 7 meters or more. Flood water stays an average of 4 days in higher elevation to ten days draining period in lower elevation.
Natural causes of flooding are: heavy rains, high tide, and slow river flows. Human interference such as: siltation, illegal structures, dikes, and fishponds; inadequate drainage, flow obstruction, dead river or creek, improper garbage disposal, erosion and slow infiltration also contribute flooding.
In 2008 Typhoon Frank devastated the Province and caused damages on agriculture, infrastructure and properties/houses amounting to
1,978,832,194 pesos.
Number of persons affected totalled to 383,693 or
70,053 families. Casualties totaled to 154 where 26 dead, 124 injured and 4 were missing. During the disaster, evacuation centers established and organized by the PDCC and MDCC is 322 which 14,189 families or 83,561 persons were sheltered and served.
The target PPAs that would ultimately mitigate disaster caused by flooding are the construction of Panay Floodway; dredging of Panay River and creeks; reforestation of denuded areas; construction of river control structures and diversion channel; improvement of drainage condition; removal of illegal structures along river banks; advocacy on proper garbage and waste disposal; regulate cutting of trees; and control/limit construction of houses on danger areas.
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6.4.4 Solid Waste Management
For garbage disposal, out of 128,569 households, 66 percent of the households have their solid waste burned; 13 percent allow garbage truck to pick up their wastes; ten percent dumped in individual pit (not burned); four percent feed them to animals; four percent disposed through composting (later used as fertilizer); four percent bury; while half percent utilized other method.
The province of Capiz has complied with the mandatory requirements of the Republic Act 9003 such as Section 21 - Segregation at Source, Section 23 - Segregated Collection, Section 33 - Recovery/Recycling System and Section 37 Closure/Conversion of Open Dumps to Controlled Disposal Facilities.
The Segregation at Source of the province has a compliance rate of six. It has 17 Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) and 15 Junkshops, the province has 17 MRFs and 15 junkshops serving 473 barangays with a compliance rate of 100 percent. For Disposal Facility Operation, eight municipalities have Open Disposal Facility, eight municipalities have Controlled Disposal Facility, and only the municipality of Panay has no disposal facility since the topography is not suitable as per DENR study. With this situation, the city government of Roxas and the municipality of Panay has come to a memorandum of agreement allowing the said municipality to utilize the disposal facility of Roxas City located at Barangay Sibaguan.
The province of Capiz has 14 approved Solid Waste Management Plan while three municipalities are on the process of approval by the National Solid Waste Management Commission.
For the Municipal Solid Waste Management Board, out of the 16 municipalities, 14 municipalities are in active status, one municipality needs to be reorganized and two municipalities are in-active status. The Provincial
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Solid Waste Management Board needs to be reorganized in order to formulate the Provincial Solid Waste Management Plan.
The problem on the acquisition of the support systems in the municipalities like garbage truck (at least one unit per municipality and five units in Roxas City) and at least five shredder machines in every municipality/city is the target of the Local Government Chief Executives. Another concern that needs immediate action is the education through information campaign on ecological solid waste management which includes/encompasses the following: classification/segregation of solid waste; waste reduction and re-use of tips; composting; vermin-composting and establishment of material recovery facility.
The absence of the Provincial Solid Waste Management Board and Solid Waste Management Plan will affect the active performance of the local government units who had already organized their Municipal Solid Waste Management Board and formulated their Solid Waste Management Plan.
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Table 18 Local Service Standards vs. Capiz Province Existing Trends, 2007
Services Education and Culture Elementary Classroom Roxas City Division Capiz Division Teacher Roxas City Division Capiz Division Library Roxas City Division Capiz Division Existing Trends
2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007
Standard
34.26 29.60 34.61 29.29
33.80 28.42 33.24 27.73
32.84 28.89 33.28 32.40
1 per 40 pupils 1 per 40 pupils
Separate building or room, welllighted, ventilated, free from noise, accessible and centrally located
Teacher-Librarian Full and part-time teacher librarian Full time librarian and part time teacher-librarian Full time librarian Secondary Classroom Roxas City Division Capiz Division Teacher Librarian 36.45 40.60 26.80 40.09 37.04 38..35
1 per 500 or less pupils 1 each per 501-1,000 pupils 1 per 1,000-2,000 pupils 1 for every additional 1,000 pupils
1 per 40-45 pupils
1 per 40-45 pupils Separate building or room, welllighted, ventilated, free from noise, accessible and centrally located
Librarian Teacher-Librarian Full and part-time teacher librarian Full time librarian and part time teacher-librarian Full time librarian
No available data
1 per enrollment of 500 or less students 501-1,000 students 1,000 2,000 students Additional 1,000 students
1 full time librarian each CRAASH, CAPSU,CNHS, Philippine Craftsmen
Sports and Recreation Municipality/City Park Presence 1 park with a minimum of 5,000 sq. meters in area per 1,000 population and maximum walking distance of 100-150 meters Public playfield/ athletic field with minimum of 0.5 hectare per 1,000 inhabitants 1 sports facility per barangay Natural Environment Area Presence Presence of natural, undisturbed and scenic areas suitable for recreation, scientific and ecological significance consisting of forest, water resources and other land forms
Sports and Athletics
Presence
Health Crude Birth Rate Crude Death Rate Infant Mortality Rate Under 5 Mortality Rat Maternal Mortality Rate 1.5 (2007)/1,000 live births 5.21/1,000 live births 9/1,000 live births 13.6/1,000 live births 69 119 155
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Services Medical and Allied Personnel Doctors (ratio) Nurses (ratio) Midwives (ratio) Dentists (number) RSI (number) BHW (number) BNS (number) Health Educator Medical Transport Ambulance (number) Service Vehicle Hospital Bed Capacity Primary Hospital Secondary Hospital Tapaz District Hospital Sen. Gerry Roxas District Hospital Bailan District Hospital Mambusao District Hospital Capiz Doctors Hospital Tertiary Hospital RMPH St. Anthony College Hospital Capiz Emmanuel Hospital Housing Housing Backlog Ratio of household population to occupied Housing Units Security Crime Volume Crime Rate Crime Solution Efficiency Rate Poverty Annual Per Capita Poverty Incidence Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold Annual Per Capita Food Threshold Magnitude of Poor Families Percentage Share of Poor Families Protective Services Police Force Roxas City (ratio) Municipalities Fire Protection Service
Existing Trends
2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007
Standard
1:25464 1:19644 1:3974 25 24 21 -
1:25796 1:19900 1;3910 26 24 21 -
1:28054 1:25048 1:3771 21 23 5,160 24 21 -
1/20,000 population 1 per 20,000 population 1 per 5,000 population 1 per 50,000 population 1 per 20,000 population 1 per 20 households 1 per barangay 1 per 50,000 population 1 per LGU 1 per LGU
10 bed capacity 25 to 50 bed capacity 25 beds 25 beds 50 beds 50 beds 55 beds 75 to 100 bed capacity 100 beds 135 beds 100 beds
11,725 units 1:101 2005 494 6.29 92.03 2000 40.8 P 10.536 P 7,297 53,542 1.3 2006 483 6.15 87.57 2003 21.6 P 11,298 P 7737 28,711 0.7 2007 519 6.61
2006 24.3 P 14,242 P 9,638 34,986 0.7
1:1,000
1 per 500 population (urban) 1 per 1,000 population (rural) 1 per 2,000 population 14 firemen per truck
Fire truck (ratio) (number) Jail Services Detention cell (number) Jail (number) Welfare Services Womens Desk Office of Senior Citizens Affairs Day Care Center/ Feeding Center
1:48,000 8
1 fire truck per 28,000 population
1 jail per LGU 34 4
17 including Roxas City 9 municipalities 444 barangays w/ DCC
1 per LGU 1 per LGU 1 per LGU
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Services Rehabilitation Center (for victims of drug abuse, vagrants, victims of disasters, calamities, child abuse, etc.) Adult Community Education Program Environment Protection Solid Waste Managem ent
Existing Trends
2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007
Standard 1 per LGU
none
none
1 per LGU
16 municipalities have controlled dumpsites
100% collection and disposal
2000 Manner of Garbage Disposal Picked up by garbage truck Burning Dumping in individual pit Feeding to animal Composting Burying Others Total 2000 Households Pollution Control
16, 126 84,450 12,634 5,123 4,947 530 128,569 Absence of air, water and industrial pollutants 100% free from toxic and hazardous substances
Buildings and Facilities Municipal/City Hall/ Provincial Capitol Socio-cultural Center Museum Barangay, Municipal, City and Provincial Library or Reading Center ECONOMIC SERVICES Infrastructure Services & Existing Road Network Provincial Road 406 kms. Connecting all component municipalities/cities (except island municipal/city) Connecting major clusters of population to the city or town proper Connecting all barangays to municipal, city or provincial road Presence Presence Presence None Presence
City/Municipality Road
90 kms.
Feeder Road (Barangay road, rural road, or farm-to-market road) Water Supply and Sanitation Total Households Level I
1,205 kms.
140,433 73,362
Point source (such as rain collector, wells and springs) generally for rural areas where houses are scattered too thinly to justify a distribution system Communal faucet system generally for rural areas where houses are clustered densely enough to justify a piped distribution system to a number of households Piped system with individual connection in urban areas, with avg output of 150 liters per person per day
Level II
8,109
Level III
44,250
Households without access to safe water
15,557
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Services Number of households using Sanitary Toilets Percentage f households using Sanitary Toilets Number of households without access to Sanitary Toilets Power/Electricity (2008) Number of households with electricity Percent to total households Number of households without electricity Percent of households without electricity Sewerage Services
Existing Trends
2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007
Standard
117,172
83.44%
23,261
107,645 76.80% 32,520
23.20%
NONE
Existence of functional sewer system Absence of stagnant water formation
Market and Slaughterhouse At least 1 per municipality located in strategic area with required section and facilities. GPK project and monetary award has impact on the improvem ent and establishment of these facilities Accessible from all directions and through all modes of transportation Site located in urban area Standard sections and facilities Wet section Semi-wet section Dry goods section Storage facilities Eateries Parking space Running water Proper lighting Proper ventilation Drainage Treatment plant or settling pond
6.5
OTHER SERVICES AND UTILITIES
Women and Children
Based on the data from PSWDO and CSWDO, the number of cases of violence against women increased from 16 in 2005 to 107 in 2007. For three years, the municipalities with the highest number of cases recorded are Roxas City (168), Dumarao (12), Jamindan (7), Mambusao (6), and Ivisan,
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Maayon and Sigma (4). The municipalities of Cuartero and Panitan posted zero violence against women case from 2005-2007.
The number of child abuse cases decreased by 70 from 2005 (185) to 2007 (115). From 2005-2007, the areas with the highest number of child abuse cases recorded are Roxas City (303), Sigma (16), Dumarao (11), Jamindan (11), Maayon (9), Sapian (9), Dumalag (8), Ivisan (7), Pontevedra (7), and Tapaz (7).
The recorded cases of children in conflict with the law (CICL) in the province have been increasing from 20 in 2005 to 182 in 2007. For three years, Roxas City presented the highest number of CICL with 315 cases followed by Pontevedra (5), Ivisan (3), Jamindan (3), Maayon (3), Panay (2), Mambusao (1), Pilar (1), Sigma (1), and Tapaz (1). The municipalities of Cuartero, Dao, Dumalag, Dumarao, Panitan, Pres. Roxas and Sapian posted zero cases of children in conflict with the law.
There are 18 Women and Children Protection Desks established in the province. These are located in every police station of the 16 municipalities, Roxas City and Police Provincial Office. Apparently, the province met the standard of one Womens Desk for every local government unit.
Serving the women and children who are victims of abuse, nine Women Crisis Centers (WCC) are established in the municipalities of Dao, Dumarao, Ivisan, Mambusao, Pres. Roxas, and Sigma. Aside from the WCC, two pink rooms were set-up in the municipalities of Pres. Roxas and Sigma.
The Women Crisis Center is a one-stop venue to conduct the necessary processes concerning cases of women and children who are victims of abused, and may also serve as a temporary shelter for them. The center is being managed and maintained by the respective municipality. Also, the provincial government has given materials support for the center.
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Moreover, six Stimulation and Therapeutic Centers (STAC) were established through the help and support of the Breaking Barriers for Children to help children with special needs. These are located in the municipalities of Cuartero, Dao, Dumalag, Dumarao, Ivisan, Pilar and Pontevedra, and Roxas City. Its program is focused to conduct therapy and special education classes to children who are physically and mentally challenged. Another component of the program is the conduct of Parents Effectiveness Service for parents of the said children. Unfortunately, the support of Breakings Barriers for Children is only until 2007. The sustainability of the program is dependent on the capacity and willingness of the municipal government to continuously deliver the services for its clients.
There is a need to establish a facility in the province that would help children and women who are victims of abuse including those children in conflict with the law to help them with their needs. The ten municipalities and city should also establish Women Crisis Center and Pink Room or any facility to cater the abused children and women in their respective municipality. Senior Citizen
As of 2007 a total of 23, 343 senior citizens who have registered or were given senior citizens identification card by the Social Welfare and Development Office. The top five municipalities with the highest number of senior citizens are Pontevedra (3,105), Dao (2,806), Mambusao (2,378), Tapaz (1,976), and President Roxas (1,577).
Although all municipalities/city have organized the Senior Citizens Association, only nine have established the Senior Citizens Center in 2007. They are the municipalities of Cuartero, Dao, Ivisan, Maayon, Mambusao, Pontevedra, Sapian and Tapaz, and Roxas City. The Center serves as the Office of the Senior Citizens Association and venue for all senior citizens concerns and activities.
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There are still eight municipalities that need to establish the Senior Citizens Center to meet the standard of one Office of Senior Citizens Affair per local government unit.
Persons with Disabilities
More than 12 percent of the regions disabled persons belong to the province of Capiz. With 8,680 disabled persons, Capiz ranked third, among the provinces with the highest number of disabled persons. Of the total number 48.79 percent of them or 4,235 are males and 51.21 percent or 4,445 are females, meaning that there are more disabled females than males.
Given the type of disability, low vision ranked first with 3,262 followed by total blindness (797), partial deafness (475), hard of hearing (471), total blindness (360), and total deafness (300). Further, there are more disabled females than males except in all type of disability except for total deafness with 155 males and 145 females.
But in 2007, the Provincial Social Welfare Development Office accounted 4,764 persons with disabilities. The top five municipalities with the highest number of disabled persons are (1) Panay (976), (2) Pontevedra (462), (3) Roxas City (349), (4) Sigma (347), and (5) Dumarao (323).
The provincial government gives technical assistance for and to the organization of the persons with disabilities and provides financial assistance to individuals who are in crisis situation. Furthermore, it gives referral to nongovernment organizations that could be of help to these persons particularly those who have difficulty in their mobility. However, there are still three municipalities, Maayon, Pilar and Pontevedra, have not organized persons with disabilities in their respective municipality. Organization of and provision of identification cards to persons with disabilities is essential for them to avail and enjoy the benefits as provided for by the Magna Carta for Disabled Persons.
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Day Care Center
In 2007, 444 out of 473 barangays have established at least one day care center or 571 day care centers to cater the needs of 3-5 year old children. The municipalities of Dumalag, Ivisan, Maayon, Mambusao, Pilar, Pontevedra, Sapian, and Sigma have established a day care center in all barangays.
On the other the hand, one barangay in the municipality of Cuartero, two in Dao, three in Dumarao, four in Jamindan, three in Panay, two in Panitan, one in Pres. Roxas and eight in Roxas City have not established a day care center. This may be due to lack or insufficient funds of the local government unit, lack of day care workers, less number of enrollees, destroyed building/day care center, etc.
The provincial government provides program materials for day care centers, rehabilitation and construction of day care centers, training of day care workers and support services for parents by providing Parents Education Service (PES) seminar and Empowerment and Reaffirmation of Parental Activities and Training (ERPAT) Indigenous People
There are two kinds of indigenous peoples that are present in the province. They are the Ati who are commonly found in the municipality of Dumarao and Panay Bukidnon in the municipalities of Jamindan and Tapaz. They are organized and have their own Tribal Councils which are being assisted by the National Council for Indigenous Peoples (NCIP).
However, there is no available updated data on their population. Also, it is observed that they have limited access to basic services due to the far distance of IP communities to the poblacion.
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The provincial governments programs, among others, include educational assistance at all educational levels to indigent IPs. In partnership with the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), the provincial government would like to empower indigenous people communities through the implementation of TUMANDOK. This program includes the establishment of schools for living tradition in Dumarao, Jamindan and Tapaz; celebration of National Indigenous Peoples Month; Inter-cultural Youth Camp; and technical and financial assistance for the preservation of culture and establishment of social networks and linkages. It also provides financial support to individuals who are in difficult situation.
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6.5
POVERTY
Annual Per Capita Poverty Incidence
In 2006, Capiz has the lowest poverty incidence among provinces in Region VI, while Negros Occidental has the highest percentage of families (or individuals) whose income fall below the poverty threshold and/or cannot afford in a sustained manner to provide their basic needs of foods, health, education, housing and other amenities of life. The cost of basic and nonfood requirements is higher in this area. Unlike with other provinces that have a fluctuating trend, Capiz maintained its ascending trend and ranks fifth in 2006.
The low poverty incidence in Capiz (24) is attributed by improved economic activity and employment opportunity both in the local and foreign countries. It has a lower poverty incidence compared with the countrys 27 percent. In Region VI, Iloilo ranks first while Capiz place second.
Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold
For the annual per capita poverty threshold, 2006 survey result revealed that Capiz ranks fifth (P14,242.00) followed by Negros Occidental having the least. Annual Per Capita Food Threshold
Capiz consistently (from 2000-2006) ranks first in terms of annual per capita food threshold level. Being an agriculture-based industries and the Seafood Capital of the Philippines contributed much to the food threshold of Capizeos. The province of Capiz still has the lowest percentage of poverty food threshold level compared with that of the regional and national.
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Magnitude of Poor Families
In the magnitude of poor families Capiz ranks third in the overall standing. Guimaras being the newly created province in Western Visayas Region, has the lowest magnitude of poor families and population and also of percentage share to the total poor. Negros Occidental has the highest followed by Iloilo. The region contributed an average of ten percent to the nations total poor.
6.5.1 Extent of Poverty
Poverty could be measured in terms of several factors one of which is the Human Development Index (HDI) which is computed using data on life expectancy, education and income. The table on life expectancy shows that Capiz exhibited an improving life expectancy from 1994 to 2000. In 1994, the average life span of Capizeos was 62.64 years. This went up to 64.64 years in 1997 and 66.57 years in 2000. The province though only ranked fourth among provinces in the region with Iloilo having the highest life expectancy at 70.10 years.
In terms of education, Capiz had the lowest functional literacy rate in Region VI at 76.45 in 1994, meaning only about 77 percent of the people here in the province can communicate effectively, solve problems scientifically, creatively and think critically, use resources sustainably and be productive. Iloilo and Guimaras had the highest rate with 84. This result could be supported by the fact that the combined enrolment rate in the province showed an abnormal change. From 74 percent in 1994, this went up by more than 10 percentage points to 86 percent in 1997 but slowed down to 78 percent in 2000. The result contradicted those of the other provinces in the region and the country as a whole as their rates showed increasing trends during the same period.
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The table on income revealed that all provinces in Region VI had increasing real per capita income levels with Capiz exhibiting a tremendous leap of about 6,000 pesos from 1994 to 1997. This result could be well validated if the 2000 data is accurate. Despite this substantial increase, the provinces income level was still lower compared to other provinces in the region.
Considering that the province did not put up substantial figures in these three areas, its Human Development Index (HDI) suffered as it was registered at 0.493 in 1994 (second lowest in the region). Its good to note that the index went up to 0.543 three years after but in 2000 the HDI was down again to 0.504, still second worse in the region with Antique having the worst at 0.503. Capiz was included in the list as it ranked 23rd with a poverty incidence of 0.4936, meaning nearly half or 50 percent of Capizeos were below the poverty level in that year. Three provinces in Region VI were included in the ranking with Antique occupying the 30th slot with 0.4724 poverty incidence and Aklan at the 33rd place with 0.4648. Sulu was the number one ranked province with the highest poverty incidence of 0.6753.
In Region VI, Iloilo province had the lowest poverty incidence of 0.4007 in 2005 after registering a low 0.1705 poverty incidence in its urban areas Capiz, on the other hand occupied the second highest with a poverty incidence of 0.2892 in urban areas and the highest percentage of 0.5752 in the rural areas.
If there was a sort of consolation for Capiz in terms of poverty, the 2003 figures gave some. For one, the magnitude of poor families in the province decreased from more than 50,000 in year 2000 to almost half in 2003. In fact, it was only Negros Occidental which registered the same trend. With this decrease, the incidence of poor families in the province also
lessened from more than 40 percent to a little over 20 percent over the same period.
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6.5.2 Location of Poverty Concentration/Prevalence
Among municipalities in Capiz, Jamindan had the highest poverty incidence in 2005 at 0.6350 resulting to a poverty gap of 0.2338 and poverty severity of 0.1096. This was followed by Maayon, Pilar and Tapaz with poverty incidences of 0.6239, 0.5939 and 0.5909, respectively. Eleven other municipalities registered poverty incidence higher than the provincial level of 0.4936. Only Sigma had the lower figure of 0.4734 while Roxas City revealed the lowest poverty incidence at 0.2588.
Employment opportunities in the province are very limited. Seasonal production of agricultural crops, low production, limited area for agricultural activities and occurrence of calamities also contribute to poor living condition of Capizeos. The steep elevation, lack of farm to markets roads and post harvest facilities also affects farming activities in the countryside. 6.5.3 Key Conditions and Factors Contributing to Poverty
In the province of Capiz, factors that affect the welfare of the poor and contribute to poverty are indicated below:
a. Economy is highly dependent on agri-fishery and Overseas Foreign Workers; b. High cost of farm and fishpond inputs brought about by high transportation cost and/or fuel cost; c. Unutilized skilled resources due to limited employment opportunities d. High under/ unemployment rate of the population belonging to labor force; e. Low income and low production of agricultural crops and fishery products due to frequent devastation of flash floods, typhoons and infestations; f. Low production per unit area but high cost of farm inputs g. Lack of capital to start up other business/investments;
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h. Limited livelihood program from NGOs and government sectors and inadequate financial resources for government projects; i. Collateralized bank loans/ too many requirements of lending institutions and non pro-poor credit services; j. Absence of Economic Development Plans and Investment and Incentive Code; k. Rampant conversion/reclassification of agricultural lands to
residential/commercial uses l. Limited area for high value crops, poultry, livestock and fish production; m. High cost of water and electricity thereby unattractive to investors; n. Presence of middlemen, no price control on agricultural and fishery products, disorganized market system and poor market support and linkages; o. Limited access to basic social and infrastructure services and facilities; p. Negative politics and graft and corruption; q. Lack of affordable housing units; r. Unavailability of affordable drugs and medicines in public hospitals and high out-of-pocket hospital expenses of the Capizeos; 6.5.4 Poverty Reduction Strategies, Programs and Projects vis--vis Industries and Local Factors
To combat and reduce poverty in the province, a series of workshops participated in by different sectors was conducted. During the plenary, issues and concerns were raised and considered. As a tool to reduce poverty the following sectoral strategies were formulated: Economy
1. Support/ promotion of community-based enterprises; 2. Formulate Economic Development Plan, Provincial Environment Code and Investment and Incentive Code;
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3. Promotion and development of entrepreneurship; 4. Encourage private sector-led investment in priority areas; 5. Establishment of Bagsakan Center and organized market linkages; 6. Construction of agri-fishery support services and facilities; 7. Construction of Post harvest facilities and cold storage; 8. Creation/innovation of more globally competitive products; 9. Strengthen exportation of cutfoliage and other products to other countries especially in Japan; 10. Conversion enterprises; Education of government-owned facilities into economic
1. Provide equitable access to quality and relevant education in all levels; 2. Improve educational system in terms of quality graduates; 3. Sustain innovative practices in Child Friendly School System; Health
1. Expansion of Parallel Drug Importation program; 2. Provide access to essential basic health services; 3. Develop better and sustainable financing for health; 4. Provide quality and affordable health services; and 5. Improve health system performance; 6. Lobby for the expansion of PhilHealth benefit packages; 7. Strengthening of the Inter Local Health Zones (ILHZs); 8. Construction of additional private rooms in government/public hospitals for private patients 9. Advocate for the mandatory budgetary allocation by LGUs within ILHZs to core referral hospital;
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Eco-Cultural Tourism
1. Inventory of tourism attractions, cultural mapping and counseling; 2. Conservation of parks, marine, forest and mangroves; 3. Establish Tourism Office and display center to showcase Capiz different products; 4. Strengthening of festivals management and promotion of traditional arts; 5. Support environment-friendly enterprises; 6. Enhancement of public safety and social defense; 7. Develop cultural heritage museum; 8. Establish and develop tourist spots; 9. Empowerment of indigenous peoples communities; 10. Research and documentation of the folklore of Capiz;
Infrastructure
1. Construction/improvement and rehabilitation of health facilities, farm-to-market roads and all road networks; 2. Rehabilitation of Panay and Mambusao river irrigation systems; 3. Expansion of water and power transmission lines in far- flung areas; 4. Establishment of inter-provincial bus terminal; 5. Construction of inter-provincial roads.
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7. LAND USE AND PHYSICAL FRAMEWORK

7.1 Existing Land Use, Trends and Potential Expansion
From 2002 to 2007, Production lands constitute the biggest share at 76 percent of the total in 2002 but decreased to 60 percent in 2007. Protective lands, on the other hand, have an increasing share from 11 percent in 2002 to 23 percent in 2007. Built-up areas likewise increased from 6 percent to 10 percent share respectively followed by protection 11% to 23% share - and built-up areas with 6% to 10% percentage share.
Table 19 Existing Land Use Distribution, Capiz, 2002 and 2007
Land Use Distribution/ Province
CAPIZ Built-up Settlement Area Protection Areas Production Land Other Areas Source:
2002 Area (hectares)

263,317.00 15,896.00 29,791.00 200,377.00 17,253.00
2007 Share (%)

100.00 6.04 11.31 76.10 6.55
Increase/ Decrease Share (%)

100.00 9.79 23.27 60.30 6.64
Area (hectares)
263,317.00 25,768.00 61,284.00 158,779.00 17,486.00
%
3.75 11.96 (15.80) 0.09
7.1.1 Trends
The decrease in share of production land can be attributed to conversion of some production areas such as fishpond, and Riceland to residential/commercial purposes. Built-up area has significantly increased by 62.10 percent from 15,896 hectares in 2002 to 25,768 hectares in 2007 or an increase of about 10,000 hectares. This can be attributed to the proliferation of subdivisions and premature conversion of land for other purposes in Roxas City, Panay, Ivisan and other municipalities. Protection areas on the other hand include among others the irrigated and irrigable area, critical watershed and mangroves. The increased of protection areas by 31,493 hectares within a span of five years from 29,791 in
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2002 to 61,284 hectares in 2007 can be attributed to the inclusion of severely eroded areas, SAFDZ and other protected zones along rivers and creeks.
On the other hand, in terms of the utilization of production land which include agricultural lands, fishing grounds, coastal and marine zones, and production forest which comprise lands 18 percent to 50 percent in slope gradient -- for crop, fishery, livestock and poultry production,, agro forestry, mining, industry, and tourism basically depend on the landowners/tillers prerogative opportunities. or may Though dictated several by climatic conditions lands and economic Riceland,
production
(Irrigated
corn/sugarcane land, coconut areas, and fishery) are relatively utilized in a sustainable way, there is still a need for improvement and development to enhance production and productivity. Subsequently, areas which have agrifishery industrial and tourism development potentials were under utilized if not overly used and exploited -- especially those brackish water fishponds within the coastal and marine zones; areas highly suitable for diversified crops-agroforestry, and; production forest area which are suitable for forest plantation and tourism development.
Nonetheless, the minimal productivity of agri-fisheries and tourism areas can be attributed to: lack or inadequate infrastructure and other support facilities and services for agriculture, fisheries , and tourism activities; weak/poor coordination and complementation between the national
government agencies and LGUs in the implementation of various projects, especially intended for the development of agricultural infrastructure support facilities and services which aim to provide support and improve agricultural productivity.
Also, with an increasing demand for lands for settlements expansion, especially with Roxas City aiming to be the Northern Panay Commercial District, more lands had been reclassified, converted, and or prematurely converted. This resulted to decreasing production areas for food, especially those intended for marine fisheries and aquaculture production. Likewise, several unclassified lands had been reclassified as alienable and disposable
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which otherwise intended to be utilized to provide support for food security and or to maintain the ecological balance for environmental stability. Moreover, forest cover of critical watershed and other environmentally fragile areas were denuded and are still subjected to constant degradation. Resources intended to provide support for food security and to maintain the ecological balance are depleted due to exploitation, settlements intrusion, unsound management practice, and premature conversion of land for urban use. As a result, built-up and production lands in the low lying areas were also greatly affected. These areas experience perennial flooding problems, particularly during monsoon heavy rains. The trends of development in the province of Capiz is basically sustaining its agricultural production and productivity and towards expansion of built-up areas for settlements development. However, economic activity and development in the province were always slowed down because of constant flooding; low agricultural productivity, and, poor or inadequate agricultural infrastructure and other infra support facilities and services. Map 24 shows the existing land use of the province.
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7.2
PHYSICAL FRAMEWORK
The physical framework will guide future physical developments and the location of PPAs in the province. It is composed of several proposed general components (settlements, protection, production, and transport/other infrastructure) geared towards sustainable development for the province of Capiz.
7.2.1 Initial Settlement Growth - Demand (A)
The initial settlement growth (Map 25) shows the existing built-up areas and the likely directions of urban expansion as determined on the analysis of future population growth and expansion and inputs from local land use plans. This also indicates the demand for land as settlements were expected to grow and expand geographically.
Roxas City, as major urban center, is likely expected to significantly grow and expand within and toward the surrounding areas especially on the eastern and southern portion. Its adjacent municipalities will likely expand towards Roxas City. Growth and expansion in the municipalities will be within and along its surrounding urban barangay especially areas along the major highways. Growth will likely also to occur in the satellite barangay of several municipalities. It is estimated that 204 hectares of land will be needed for expansion of built-up areas by the end of the planning period.
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7.2.2 Initial Settlements and Protection Land Use
Overlaying the Initial settlement growth (Map 25) with Protection lands (Map 11) the Initial settlement growth and protection land use (Map 26) was assessed and analyzed for any conflict of use. The following was observed to show the likely conflicting uses of lands for settlements, protection, and production use, to wit:
a. Built-up land uses within flood prone area especially Cuartero, Dao, Dumalag, Jamindan, Mambusao, maayon, Panay, Panitan,
Pontevedra, Sigma, and portion of Roxas City. b. Built-up land uses encroaching into prime agricultural lands especially in Mambusao, Sigma, Roxas City, and other
municipalities. c. Built-up land uses encroaching into protection areas in built-up areas, especially the cutting of mangroves and of the Illegal settlers encroaching along the rivers and other critical waterways leaving no buffer zones in Roxas City, Panay, Pontevedra, Sigma, and other municipalities. d. Encroachment of settlement of the claimants of ancestral domain within the proclaimed military reservation in the municipality of Tapaz and Jamindan. e. Encroachment of settlement within proclaimed timberland areas especially in the municipality of Dumarao, Panay, Pontevedra, tapaz, and Jamindan. f. Agricultural and other non-built-up production areas encroaching into forest protection areas especially upland settlements and farming activities in forest protection and or severely eroded areas in the municipalities of Dumalag, Maayon, Cuartero, and Tapaz.
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g. Areas considered Protected within unclassified public land has been declared as A&D especially in Roxas City.
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7.2.3 Integration of Other Land Use Requirements
Settlement Framework Component
The province of Capiz in line with the Regional Physical Framework Plan (RPFP) shall pursue settlement development with Roxas City being the center of trade, commerce, education and industry and considered as the Northern Panay commercial center with Panay and Ivisan as satellite municipalities for settlement development.
The current and proposed hierarchy of settlement (Map 27) shall follow the direction of population growth in satellite barangays, in the poblaciones and along the highways.
The three municipalities of Mambusao, Dumarao in second district and Pontevedra in first district, will remain as the agri-industrial centers for their respective congressional districts. Their corresponding satellite municipalities will support and complement them in terms of its agricultural products, social infrastructure facilities and amenities and other resources.
The province in coordination with MLGUs shall strictly regulate population pressure in highly protected, critical or flood prone and production areas.
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Protection Framework Component
As the province of Capiz has two distinct proclaimed areas for protection (Map 28); the Panay River Watershed Forest Reserve pursuant to Presidential Proclamation No. 599 in Tapaz; and the Military Reservation situated in the municipalities of Tapaz and Jamindan proclaimed under Presidential Proclamation No. 67 signed by then President Diosdado Macapagal in 1965, the province through the LGUs and agencies concerned will pursue to work and resolve the long existing conflict on ancestral domain and boundary dispute, and to rehabilitate, reforest, develop and protect this areas that serve as watershed area of the Panay River.
Also, the province through the municipal LGUs shall be working to define appropriate urban development limits and to prevent encroachment of settlements in environmentally critical and disaster prone areas. Delineation of buffer zones in waterways, protection lands and other environmentally critical areas shall be also properly addressed and incorporated through updating and approval of the respective MCLUPs.
Pressure on protection lands -- NIPAS, non-NIPAS, and other environmentally fragile areas -- shall be strictly regulated if not totally prohibited. As a policy, supply of lands for settlements use shall be taken outside those highly restricted areas for conversion as indicated in RA 8435.
Environment friendly measures that will protect and enhance the natural base, provision of technical assistance to regulate population pressure and other agricultural and forest activities in consonance with sound management practices to conserve and protect the natural resource base will be pursued. Mangrove sanctuaries in the six coastal municipalities (Panay, Panitan, Pilar, Pres. Roxas, Ivisan and Sapian) and Roxas City will be established which will be complimented by the reserved upland forest in the inland municipalities particularly Jamindan, Tapaz, Dumarao, Maayon, Pilar, Sapian, Ivisan, Sigma and Mambusao.
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Production Framework Component
The goal of the production framework (Map 29) components is basically sustainable agricultural productivity and tourism development in which paving the way towards agri-fishery industrialization with eco-tourism. The primary consideration is the rational utilization of its land and water resources for food security and a wholesome environment that will attract both domestic and foreign investors and tourists. Likewise, a countryside agriindustrial development strategy in line with the regional and national goals shall be pursued and adopted -- strategies which emphasize a shift from basic agricultural economy to a diversified agri-industrial economy an economy that is transformed from one that is predominantly agricultural to one that is dominantly industrial and service oriented.
In coordination with respective authorized agencies that regulate land use conversion, the provincial government shall intensify strict implementation of the existing laws and regulations that prohibit conversion of rice production areas into other uses to ensure food security and sufficiency.
The province will also be pursuing to adopt and implement the DILG MC No. 2008-167: (Institutionalization of Agricultural Engineering Profession in the Local Government Units, Supplementing DILG MC No. 2001-25: Implementation of RA 8559 Otherwise known as Philippine Agricultural Engineering Act of 1998) to implement and provide the necessary support in carrying out the smooth and expeditious implementation of various agricultural engineering infrastructure projects and other agricultural engineering
extension and support services for agriculture and fishery development.
Under the production framework component are those agricultural lands, fishing grounds, coastal and marine zones, and production forest which comprise lands 18 percent to 50 percent in slope gradient utilized for crop, fishery, livestock and poultry production, agro-forestry, mining, industry, and tourism for food security, economic growth and development.
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Agriculture and Fishery Since agriculture and fisheries are the base economy of Capiz, providing livelihood to the majority of Capizeos -- the province support to these key grain areas will focus on increasing production and productivity through improvement and development of various agricultural infrastructures and services - these would require, irrigation, post harvest facilities, credit and marketing support systems, research and extensions, and other agricultural infrastructure support facilities.
Diversified crops and agro-forestry, production of high value crops, poultry and livestock will be pursued and enhanced in the central and upland portion of the province in coordination with line agencies and other private entities and through the formulation and implementation of local economic investment program supported by appropriate technology and processing industries. Protection, conservation and development in fishery production will be focused in the northern part of the province which is its coastal portion. This comprises 6 municipalities namely: Ivisan, Sapian, Pilar, Panay, Pontevedra, Pres. Roxas and Roxas City. The enhanced inland fish culture of milkfish, prawns/shrimps, crabs, and other potential fish culture species, will be complimented by marine/deep sea commercial fishing. Coastal resource and management program to conserve and protect the fishery resource shall be properly addressed in coordination with the seven coastal municipalities. Tourism As the province is endowed with natural and man-made and historical sceneries potential for eco-tourism, the province in partnership with private entities and municipal LGUs, and in line with local and national policies and programs for tourism development, will continually pursue the enhancement and development of the tourism sector by formulating and implementing tourism related activities and facilities, and other necessary support programs and projects. Also, friendly local policies and ordinances that will give
investors investment incentives in many areas potential for eco-tourism development and maintenance of peace and order condition of the locality shall be pursued. The development of the Nagba Ecopark at Cuartero and
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other major tourist attractions and facilities shall be also pursued to complement local tourist destination in the province.
Industry As the over-all provincial economic structure of the province of Capiz revolves around agriculture and fishery, specifically of the major crops such as palay, corn, sugarcane, coconut, fishery and aqua-marine products such as bangus (milkfish), prawn, oysters, kapis shells, angel wings diwal among others, the provincial government will put premiums on increasing agri- fishery productivity by taking the lead and putting in place support services and facilities for this purpose - as almost 80 percent of the Capizeos depend their major source of income in agriculture. The province, in coordination of LGUs concerned will be consistently pursuing to provide necessary assistance and support to the processed food industry to attain its target in providing
employment, increasing income and sales (export and domestic) and encouraging infusion of fresh capital to expand industry coverage and production capacity.
Also, as the processed seafood and OTOP industry has obtained support of the local government unit and the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) through the OTOP concept. The province will pursue to encourage the LGUs to consider this industry as their primary and secondary OTOP.
Mineral Lands As the province of Capiz has potential mineral resources such as clay, coal, manganese, rock phosphate, limestone, metal, silica and construction materials, the province in consonance to local and national laws, policies and ordinances shall continue to regulate and prevent the exploitation of its mineral resources against mining and other illegal activities which intend to deplete and destroy the natural resources of the province especially in the municipalities of Pilar, Maayon, Pres. Roxas, Cuartero, Dumarao, Dumalag, Tapaz and Jamindan.
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Infrastructure Framework Component
While major road network (Map 30) is largely in placed, there is a need to construct and repair concrete/asphalt roads connecting urban centers and allweather farm-to-market roads to connect production areas to the market. Rehabilitation of existing and construction of new bridges will be pursued. These will link and draw the remote areas and vital production areas into the economic mainstream.
Critical river outlets to the sea will be dredged and cleared of illegal structures to mitigate the perennial problem on flooding in the province of Capiz. Flood control, drainage and shore protection projects will be constructed in areas where flood damage is greatest, especially those areas along Panay River. The implementation of the Panay River Basin Project will serve not only the purpose of flood control but for irrigation, water supply and power generation.
Upgrading of the Roxas City Airport is a priority considering the foreseen economic development of the province. This will include the improvement and expansion of the cargo terminals and passengers lounge area. Culasi port will be repaired and maintained. Support amenities like roll-on roll-off facilities, passenger handling terminals, and as appropriate, specialized handling facilities for bulk and containerized cargoes will be provided. Moreover, construction of new and improvement of existing municipal and city fish ports will be undertaken.
Potable water will be made more available with the operation and construction of water supply facilities. This will include expansion of the Metro Roxas Water District (MRWD) facilities, spring development, construction and or rehabilitation of deep wells and level II and level III water systems. Communal irrigation facilities will be constructed/ rehabilitated to increase agricultural productivity. Construction of small scale irrigation projects such as small water impounding projects, small farm reservoirs, and water pumps will be pursued.
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Construction of farm-to-market roads and other agricultural market infrastructure support facilities will likewise be undertaken to support the agriculture and fishery industry for the province of Capiz.
The provision of social infrastructure will be continuously pursued. This calls for the construction of additional school buildings and facilities both for the elementary and secondary schools. Old and dilapidated school buildings will be replaced or rehabilitated.
Improvement of existing government owned and controlled hospitals will be undertaken. Additional hospital facilities will be procured. Priority will be given to remote barangays for the construction of health facilities. Dilapidated health centers/stations will be rehabilitated. Additional municipal/national buildings,
public markets and other facilities will be constructed and rehabilitation of old structures will also be done.
Waste disposal will be pursued in compliance with Republic Act No. 9003 otherwise known as The Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.
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179
Over-All Physical Framework The over-all physical framework (Map 31) of the province is generally on the attainment of a vibrant economy with eco-tourism; adequate infrastructure support; relevant education; and healthy Capiznon.
In line with this, the province through the support of respective MLGUs and line agencies concerned shall be pursuing and working on the formulation and implementation of necessary programs and projects for sustainable agricultural productivity and eco-tourism development; the rehabilitation, conservation and protection of natural and man-made resources for environmental stability; and the rational use of production areas for food security and sustainability. The optimal use of urban and other urban expansion areas for settlement use through improve and adequate transport and other infrastructures support facilities and services shall be given importance.
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CHAPTER IV DEVELOPMENT ISSUES, GOALS, OBJECTIVES/TARGETS
Section 16 of the Local Government Code of 1991 provides that all local government units shall ensure the preservation and enrichment of culture, promotion of health and safety, enhancement of the right of the people to a balanced ecology; encourage and support the development of appropriate and self reliant scientific and technological capacities; improve public moral; enhance economic prosperity and social justice; promote full employment; maintain peace and order; and preserve the comfort and convenience of their inhabitants.
Pursuant to Republic Act 8435 otherwise known as The Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 An act prescribing urgent related measures to modernize the agriculture and fisheries sectors of the country in order to enhance their profitability, and prepare said sectors for the challenges of globalization through an adequate, focused and rational delivery of necessary support services, appropriating funds therefore and for other purposes - Section 2, Declaration of Policy, of the Implementing Rules and regulation of RA 8435 states the following to wit: The goals of the national economy are a more equitable distribution of opportunities, income and wealth; a sustained increase in the amount of goods and services produced by the nation for the benefit of the people; and an expanding productivity as the key to raising the quality of life for all, especially the underprivileged.
The State shall promote industrialization and full employment based on sound agricultural development and agrarian reform, through industries that make full and efficient use of human and natural resources, and which are competitive in both domestic and foreign markets. In pursuit of these goals, all sectors of the economy and all regions of the country shall be given optimum
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opportunity
to
develop.
Private
enterprises,
including
corporations,
cooperatives, and similar collective organizations, shall be encouraged to broaden the base of their ownership.
Thus it is hereby declared the policy of the State to enable those who belong to the agriculture and fisheries sectors to participate and share in the fruits of development and growth in a manner that utilizes the nations resources in the most efficient and sustainable way possible by establishing a more equitable access to assets, income, basic and support services and infrastructure.
Goals and objectives/targets may be derived directly from the drivers of development but their significance is not as direct compared to goals or objectives/targets that are derived from the symptoms.
4.1.
DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

Generally, though there are numerous existing laws, provisions, and
legal legislative measures in relation to food security and sufficiency, environmental protection and conservation, urban development and
infrastructure development -- within the settlements, production, and protection areas -- the land and water resources in the province have been exploited in such haphazard ways that resulted in the declining productivity.
Laws, provisions, and measures have to be implemented to provide and maintain, conserve and protect the existing resources of our province towards sustainable development. Likewise, immediate and proper
implementation of these necessary measures are imperative for it takes only 15 minutes or less to cut a tree but it take years to grow a tree and decades for lands to regenerate and hundreds of years for a new soil to farm and be productive.
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Figure 12 The Planning Environment, Development Issues/Problems, Strategies and PPAS

PLANNING ENVIRONMENT
DRIVERS Population Economy Physical Resources
SYMPTOMS Income Services Land Use
VISION
Development Issues/ Problems
Goals Objectives/Targets
3 4
Programs Projects Activities
Strategies
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4.2.
DEVELOPMENT GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND TARGETS

Table 21 Issues/Problems, Goals, and Objectives/Targets Issues/Problems GOALS OBJECTIVES/TARGETS
DRIVERS Population Increasing number of informal settlers, squatters and slum dwellers in Roxas City Physical resources Exploitation of natural resources, i.e. mining, quarrying, deforestation Degradation of watershed areas Sedimentation of river beds inlet and outlet Inundation within Panay River basin Siltation of river/creek and other waterways Dumping ground of sub-standard imported products Excessive use of herbicides, pesticides and other chemical Rampant reclassification and conversion of production land into settlement areas
Transport/Access Inadequate land, air and water transportation support facilities and amenities Absence of designated provincial transport terminal Poor traffic management that results to traffic congestion Encroachment/usurpation/obstruction of right of ways Economy Outdated M/CCLUPs/ Absence of Provincial Economic and Development Plan/ Investment and Incentive Code High underemploym ent and unemployment rate Limited employment/income opportunities
Abundant Employment/income opportunities
Job Generation Project
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Issues/Problems
Decrease enrolment in agriculture/fishery Decline volume of fish catch and low agr-production per unit area Economy is highly dependent on agri-fishery and overseas foreign workers Non pro-poor credit service Inadequate agricultural infrastructure and market support facilities Lack of goods to support development projects High cost of water and electricity Flooding within Panay River basin No Comprehensive Provincial Investment and Economic Development Plan (no industrial zone sites, lack of business incentives Dole out concept and individualistic attitude prevents economic development Lack of packaging materials for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises High cost of farm inputs/production costs Low agri-production caused by flooding, typhoons, and flash floods or climate change
GOALS
Increase enrolment in agriculture/fishery courses Increase volume in fish and agri production per unit area Evolution of other industries Pro-poor credit service Improved agricultural infrastructure and market support facilities
OBJECTIVES/TARGETS
Provincial Investment and Economic Development Plan is in place
SYMPTOMS/INDICATORS Income/ Services Low income and lack of livelihood opportunities Improve income and provide livelihood opportunities Increase income of households living below Poverty Level Thresholds by 10 percent by 2013; establish economic enterprise and investment opportunities Increase fully immunized children coverage by ____ in 2013 Reduce by _____ per 10,000 live births in 2013 Decrease prevalence of malnutrition among pre-schoolers from 8% in 2010 to 7.70% and school children Increase cohort survival rate in elementary and secondary education to 80.00% and 72.00%, respectively, by 2013
Low coverage of fully immunized children
Increase coverage of fully immunized children
Increasing maternal deaths High prevalence of malnutrition am ong pre-schoolers and school children Low cohort survival rate in elementary and secondary education
Reduce maternal deaths Decrease prevalence of malnutrition am ong pre-schoolers and school children Increase cohort survival rate in elementary and secondary education
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Issues/Problems
GOALS
OBJECTIVES/TARGETS
Decrease drop-out rate in elementary and secondary education to 0.25% and 1.75%, respectively, by 2013 Increase national achievement rate mean percentage score in elem entary and secondary education to 74.00% and 70.00%, respectively by 2013 Provide affordable housing units to informal settlers
Low achievem ent rate in elementary and secondary education
Increase achievement rate in elementary and secondary education
Lack of affordable housing units
Provide affordable housing units
High crime incidence
Decrease crime incidence
Decrease crime rate Increase crim e efficiency solution rate
Land Use Low production and productivity in agricultural and fishery areas Sustainable increase in production and productivity in agricultural and fishery areas Increase farm income and livelihood opportunities Provide adequate infrastructure and other agricultural infrastructure support facilities and services Mitigate illegal fishing activities in territorial waters and fishing grounds Prevent unnecessary land conversion in prim e agricultural areas; regulate encroachment in protected areas Protect households in built-up and rural areas from flooding; relocate population in critical areas Mitigate construction of dikes along waterways Significantly reduce environmental degradation into environmentally critical areas
Urban encroachment into prime agricultural lands and other environmentally critical areas Flooding
Mitigate indiscriminate land conversion; protect selected protection areas Protect communities in flood prone areas
Environmental degradation Curb environmental degradation
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CHAPTER V STRATEGIES, PROGRAMS, PROJECTS, AND ACTIVITIES

5.1.
STRATEGY, PROGRAMS, AND PROJECTS

Table 22 Strategies, Programs, and Projects Derived from Income/Access to Services
Issues/ Problems Goals
Increase income and provide livelihood opportunities
Objectives/ Target
Increase income of households living below Poverty Thresholds Levels by 10% by 2013
Strategies
Organization of Provincial Economic Development Committee and formulation and implementation of Provincial Economic Development Plan and Investment Code Prioritization and allocation of necessary budget for economic related projects Support community-based enterprises Promote agri-aqua based enterprises Development of entrepreneurship and private
Programs
Integrated Provincial Economic Development Program Integrated Provincial Eco-Tourism Development Programs Integrated farm systems productivity programs Corn and High Value Crop Development Program Fisheries Development Program
Projects
Integrated Provincial Economic Development Projects
Low income and lack of livelihood opportunities
Integrated Provincial Eco-Tourism Development Projects
Integrated farm systems productivity projects
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Issues/ Problems
Goals
Objectives/ Target
Strategies
sector-led investment in priority areas Creation/organization of Provincial MIS
Programs
Projects
Commodity based research and information managem ent program
Commodity based research and information management project.
Globally Competitive Trade & Industry Sector Improve local and foreign market linkages Create all season industries
Formulate Capiz Provincial Trade and Industry Development Plan One Town One Product (OTOP) Approach Strengthen and intensify revenue generation Skills training to Out of School Youth and unemployed sector
Provincial Trade and Industry Development Program
Processed Food Project Bamboo Plantation, Production and Engineering Horticulture Project Craft and Housewares Project Revenue generation projects
Revenue Generation Program Skills Developm ent Training Program
Establish economic enterprise and investment opportunities to low income families, OFWs and job seekers
Specialized Skills Training Project on Job Market Demand
Provide seed capital to trained individuals Job matching
Loan Assistance Program Public Employment Service Program OFW Fly Now Pay Later Program Agri-Fisheries Infrastructure & Facilities Support Program
Soft Loans Project
Job Fair/Job Placement/Referrals
Establish Fly Now Pay Later Scheme to would be OFWs
Data banking of local and overseas employers and demand jobs
Lack of Agri-Fisheries Infrastructure Facilities and Equipment
Adequate Agri-Fisheries Infrastructure Facilities
Provide better agri-fishery equipment and facilities
Procurement and Establishment of Agri-Fisheries infrastructure and Facilities
Rehabilitation of the Proposed Provincial INSUMIX Production Building Establishm ent and Construction of Agricultural Storage Building Upgrading of Laboratory Equipment
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Issues/ Problems
Goals
Objectives/ Target
Strategies
Programs

Projects
Rehabilitation of Seed Processing & Storage Plant Improvement of Plant Nursery, Freshwater Hatchery and Nursery
Inadequate support facilities and services (roads, irrigation, water, power, education and communication)
Adequate support facilities and services
Improve/construct adequate support facilities and services
Provide/lobby funds from different line agencies for the construction of major, farm-tomarket roads and all weather roads and Bus Terminal
Construction of major, farm -to-market and all weather roads
Construction of Capiz-Antique Road via Jamindan Construction of farm-to-market roads Repair/Upgrading/Improvement of road networks Establishm ent of Bus Terminal Rehabilitation of Panay and Mambusao River Irrigation systems Expansion of power lines, water supply and communication services in far flung areas Construction/Improvement of School Facilities and Services
Construction/rehabilitation of Irrigation, water and power facilities Construction/ rehabilitation of Panay and Mambusao River Irrigation systems
Quality and relevant education
Upgrade school facilities and services
Conduct instructional development for quality education to teachers and staff Provide skills training to students
School Development Program
Produce quality, skilled and globally competitive teachers and students Inadequate protective and welfare facilities and services Adequate protective and Welfare Services and Facilities Construct/establish protective and welfare facilities and services
Curriculum development on Skills Enhancement Program Protective and Welfare Services and Facilities Development Program
Curriculum Development on Skills Enhancement Project
Enhancement Training for police force, firemen, warden and in-charge of welfare services Rehabilitation and Construction of protective and welfare facilities
Construction of Rehabilitation Center for the Victims of Drug Abuse, Child Abuse, Disasters, Calamities and Vagrants Financial Assistance for the Senior Citizens and the Elderly
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Issues/ Problems
Goals
Objectives/ Target
Strategies
Set aside budget for the improvement and construction of protective and welfare services and facilities Additional police force Additional fire trucks and firearms Pooled procurement of drugs based on Philippine National Drug Formulary (PNDF)
Programs

Projects
Acquisition of Firetrucks Hiring of Policemen to meet the standards required
Inadequate Health Facilities, Medicines and Services Improve access to quality low cost drugs especially by the poor Improvement of health facilities and services Improvement of drug procurement and distribution system
Parallel Drug Importation Program
Pooled Procurement Project
Better health facilities and services
Upgrade hospital facilities and rural health stations
Health facilities and services Development program
Low Utilization of Health Facilities and Services Especially by the Poor Increase access to health services and facilities Increase awareness of the community on the different health program and services Intensify Education and Advocacy Health Promotion and Advocacy Program
Renovation/Construction of Additional Hospital Rooms, Buildings, Water Supply Systems o Construction of Sen. Gerardo M. Roxas District Hospital Renovation of RHUs to provide Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC) Services Renovation of BHS/Conversion of 18 BHS to Birthing Facilities Provision of Equipment to Health Facilities Production/Reproduction of UserFriendly Campaign Materials on Health Program and Services Conduct IEC Campaign in Schools/Barangays Medicare sa Masa Project
Enrolment of Indigents to Philhealth
Increase coverage of Indigent Families on Philihealth enrolment
Social Health Insurance Program for Indigents
Some Local Health
All LHBs/ILHZs are
Operationalize all
Reactivate and Monitor
Local Health Systems
Capacity Enhancement Project for
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Issues/ Problems
Board/Inter-Local Health Zones are not Functional
Goals
functional
Objectives/ Target
LHBs/ILHZs
Strategies
LHBs/IILHZs
Programs
Program/LGU Sectoral Managem ent Program
Projects
LHBs/ILHZs Provide Incentives/Awards to Outstanding LHBs/ILHZs
Incidence of Neonatal, Infant, Child, and Maternal Mortality
Reduce number of neo-natal, infant, child and maternal deaths
Decrease Deaths: Neonatal by 5%; Infant by 5%; Child by 5% and Mothers by 5%.
Intensify health education and promotion on health programs related to child bearing and child rearing
Maternal Health Program
Conduct of Family Planning Services Conduct of Regular Pre-Natal and Post-Natal Services Conduct Mothers Class on exclusive breastfeeding
Breastfeeding Program
Increase percentage of health-facility based deliveries
Child Health Program
EPI IMCI Conversion of Barangay Health Stations to birthing clinics Training of midwives/rural health physicians to provide BeMONC services Capability building on REB strategy Provision and management of logistics and equipment Monitoring, supervision and evaluation of EPI Maternal and child health projects
Health-facility based delivery program
Low coverage of fully immunized children
Increase coverage of fully immunized children
Increase fully immunized children coverage by 95% by 2013
Intensify implementation of REB strategy
Expanded Program on Immunization
Increasing maternal deaths
Reduce maternal deaths
Reduce by 5% per 100,000 live births in 2013 Decrease prevalence of malnutrition among preschoolers from 8% in 2010 to 7.70% and school children
Intensify implementation of maternal and child health program Formulation and implementation of Integrated Provincial Plan/Updated Medium-Term Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition 2008-
Maternal and child health programs
High prevalence of malnutrition among pre-schoolers and school children
Decrease prevalence of malnutrition among pre-schoolers and school children
Integrated Provincial Plan/Updated MediumTerm Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition 2008-2010
Integrated Provincial Plan/Updated Medium-Term Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition 2008-2010
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Issues/ Problems
Low cohort survival rate in elementary and secondary education
Goals
Objectives/ Target
2010 Increase cohort survival rate in elementary and secondary education to 80.00% and 72.00%, respectively, by 2013
Strategies
Programs
Projects
Increase cohort survival rate in elementary and secondary education
Improve access to elem entary and secondary schools
Road to school improvement program
Build/repair school access road projects
Improve instructional facilities and provide educational equipment in elem entary and secondary schools
Instructional facilities and equipment management and development program Water and sanitation program Educational assistance program
Build/repair instructional facilities and provide educational equipment projects
Build/repair water system and sanitation projects Educational assistance project VIC Scholar/Iskolar sang Capiz Mobile Technology School Drop-out reduction projects Iskolar Sang Capiz for High School
Provide educational assistance to poor but deserving students Implement drop-out reduction program
Decrease drop-out rate in elementary and secondary education to 0.25% and 1.75%, respectively, by 2013 Increase national achievement rate mean percentage score in elementary and secondary education to 74.00% and 70.00%, respectively by 2013
Drop-out reduction program
Low achievem ent rate in elementary and secondary education
Increase achievem ent rate in elementary and secondary education
Send teachers to trainings and seminars and other learning opportunities to enhance their teaching competencies Develop curriculum to address peculiar needs of school and districts and introduce innovations to improve institutional performance Improve instructional facilities and provide educational equipment in elementary and
Staff management and development program
Staff management and development projects
Curriculum managem ent and development program
Curriculum management and development projects
Instructional facilities and equipment management and
Build/repair instructional facilities and provide educational equipment projects
204
Issues/ Problems
Lack of affordable housing units
Goals
Objectives/ Target
Provide affordable housing units to informal settlers and low- income families Decrease crime rate Increase crim e efficiency solution rate
Strategies
secondary schools
Programs
development program Socialized Housing Program
Projects
Provided low cost housing units
Socialized Housing Projects
High crime incidence
Decrease crime incidence
Increase police force by at least 250 to meet the national standard police force per population ratio of 1:1,000 (rural) and 1:500 (urban) Increase police visibility particularly in populated areas Enhance police capability specifically in solving crimes
Police development and managem ent program
Police development and managem ent projects
204
Table 23 Strategies, Programs, and Projects Derived from Land Use

Issues/ Problems
Low production and productivity in agricultural and fishery areas
Goals
Sustainable increase in production and productivity in agricultural and fishery areas
Objectives/ Target
Increase farm income and livelihood opportunities; Provide adequate infrastructure and other agricultural infrastructure support facilities and services
Strategies
Formulation and implementation of a provincial agricultural development plan Establish economic enterprise and investment opportunities Implement Post Harvest Development Plan
Programs
Post harvest and mechanization development program Irrigation development program Grains production enhancement program High Value Crops Commercialization Program Organizational Development Program
Projects
Post harvest and mechanization projects
Irrigation Construction projects
Grains production enhancement projects High value crops production and productivity projects
Establish and strengthen the agricultural engineering services to give support for the smooth and expeditious implementation of all agricultural engineering infrastructures Strict implementation of existing fishery laws and ordinances
Creation of Provincial Agricultural Engineering Office
Mitigate illegal fishing activities in territorial waters and fishing grounds Urban encroachment into prime agricultural lands and other environm entally Mitigate indiscriminate land conversion; protect selected protection areas Prevent unnecessary land conversion in prime agricultural areas; regulate encroachment
Coastal Resources Managem ent Program
Coastal Resource Management project
Encourage urban expansion to environm entally compatible areas
Urban expansion road program
Access road construction project
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Issues/ Problems
critical areas
Goals
Objectives/ Target
in protected areas
Strategies
Improve agricultural incomes to discourage conversion Strict implementation of MC 54 (Land Use Conversion Law) Protect and rehabilitate watershed
Programs
Agricultural productivity program Review and update land use plans and zoning
Projects
Agricultural productivity project
Updated Land Use and Zoning
Flooding
Protect communities in flood prone areas
Protect households in built-up and rural areas from flooding; relocate population in critical areas
Watershed rehabilitation program Integrated Social Forestry Program
Reforestation Projects Riverbank rehabilitation projects
Provide protective infrastructure
Panay River Basin Flood Control Program Riverbank Rehabilitation Program Construction/ improvement of drainage system Community-Based Forestry Management Program Mangrove Management Program
Panay River Flood Control Project
Bamboo plantation project along riverbanks Construction/ improvement of drainage system
Tree planting project
Mass planting of mangroves
Mitigate construction of dikes along waterways
Strict implementation of existing laws and related policies Sustain the implementation of Integrated Social Forestry Strict implementation of existing laws and related policies
Environmental protection program
Environmental protection project
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Issues/ Problems
Environmental degradation
Goals
Curb environmental degradation
Objectives/ Target
Significantly reduce environmental degradation into environmentally critical areas
Strategies
Strict implementation of existing laws and regulation in environm ental protection
Programs
Environmental protection program
Projects
Massive Tree-Planting Projects Climate Change Adaptation and Preparedness Project
Intensify campaign on environmental protection Educate Capizeos on climate change adaptation Formulation and implementation of Solid Waste Management Plan Extend technical assistance to LGUs on Solid Waste Management Solid Waste Managem ent Program
Mangrove Reforestation projects Material Recovery Project Inter-LGU Solid Waste Management Project Capability-Building Training/Project on Solid Waste Management
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5.2.
SUMMARY OF STRATEGIES AND PPAs

Table 24 Summary Matrix
Goal/ Objective Strategies Program/Project and Description Location Time frame (year/s) Legislative Requirements Lead LGU Department
Income/Access to Services Increase income of households living below Poverty Thresholds Level by 10 percent by 2013 Organization of Provincial Economic Development Committee and formulation and implementation of Provincial Economic Development Plan and Investment Code Establish economic enterprise and investment opportunities Prioritization and allocation of necessary budget for economic related projects Support communitybased enterprises Promote agri-aqua based enterprises Implement Post Harvest Development Plan Integrated Provincial Economic Development Program Integrated Provincial Eco-Tourism Development Programs Integrated farm systems productivity programs Investment and Incentive Code Provincial Agriculturist Office Provincial Planning and Development Office Department of Trade and Industry Provincial Tourism Office
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Goal/ Objective
Strategies
Program/Project and Description
Location
Time frame (year/s)
Legislative Requirements
Lead LGU Department
Development of entrepreneurship and private sector-led investment in priority areas Strengthen and intensify revenue generation Revenue Generation Program Provincial Treasurers Office
Increase fully immunized children coverage from 80% to 95% in 2013 Reduce infants mortality rate by .5 % per 10,000 live births in 2013 Decrease prevalence of malnutrition among preschoolers from 8% in 2010 to 5% and school children
Intensify implementation of REB strategy
Expanded Program on Immunization
Provincial Health Office
Intensify implementation of maternal and child health program Formulation and implementation of Integrated Provincial Plan/Updated MediumTerm Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition 20082010 Improve access to elem entary and secondary schools Improve instructional facilities and provide educational equipm ent in elem entary and secondary schools
Maternal and child health programs
Integrated Provincial Plan/Updated MediumTerm Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition 20082010
Increase cohort survival rate in elementary and secondary education to 80% and 70%, respectively, by 2013
Road to school improvem ent program
Department of Education
Instructional facilities and equipment management and development program Water and sanitation program Educational assistance
Provide educational
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Goal/ Objective
Strategies assistance to poor students
Program/Project and Description program
Location
Time frame (year/s)
Lead LGU Department
Department of Education Increase national achievement rate mean percentage score in elementary and secondary education to 74% and 70%, respectively by 2013 Send teachers to trainings and seminars and other learning opportunities to enhance their teaching competencies Develop curriculum to address peculiar needs of school and districts and introduce innovations to improve institutional performance Improve instructional facilities and provide educational equipment in elementary and secondary schools Provided low cost housing units Staff managem ent and development program
Curriculum management and development program
Instructional facilities and equipment management and development program
Socialized Housing Program
Creation of Provincial Housing Board
Provincial Housing Board LGU
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Goal/ Objective Decrease crime rate from 14% to 5% by 2013 Increase crim e efficiency solution rate by 5% by 2013
Strategies Increase police force by at least 250 to meet the national standard police force per population ratio of 1:1,000 (rural) and 1:500 (urban) Increase police visibility particularly in populated areas Enhance police capability specifically in solving/apprehending crimes
Program/Project and Description Police development and management program
Location
Time frame (year/s)
Lead LGU Department Philippine National Police and LGU
Land Use Increase farm income and livelihood opportunities; Formulation and implementation of a provincial agricultural development plan Post harvest and mechanization development program Provincial Agriculturist Office
Provide adequate infrastructure and other agricultural infrastructure support facilities and services
Irrigation development program
Provincial Agriculturist Office Provincial Engineers Office
Grains production enhancement program High Value Crops Commercialization Program Establish and strengthen the agricultural engineering services to Organizational Development Program
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Goal/ Objective
Strategies give support for the smooth and expeditious implementation of all agricultural engineering infrastructures
Program/Project and Description
Location
Time frame (year/s)
Lead LGU Department
Prevent unnecessary land conversion in prime agricultural areas; regulate encroachment in protected areas
Encourage urban expansion to environm entally compatible areas Improve agricultural incomes to discourage conversion Strict implementation of MC 54 (Land Use Conversion Law)
Urban expansion road program
Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office
Agricultural productivity program
Review and update land use plans and zoning
Provincial Planning & Development Office Sangguniang Panlalawigan Office
Protect households in built-up and rural areas from flooding; relocate population in critical areas
Protect and rehabilitate watershed Sustain the implementation of Integrated Social Forestry Provide protective infrastructure
Watershed rehabilitation program Integrated Social Forestry Program
Provincial Disaster Coordinating Council LGU Capiz/PPDO
Panay River Basin Flood Control Program Riverbank Rehabilitation Program Community-Based Forestry Management Program Mangrove Management Program Upland Areas
Construction/ improvement of drainage system
Department of Public Works and Highways, National Economic and Development Authority and Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Coastal Areas
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Goal/ Objective Mitigate construction of dikes along waterways
Strategies Strict implementation of existing laws and related policies Strict implementation of existing laws and regulation in environm ental protection Intensify campaign on environm ental protection Educate Capizeos on climate change adaptation Formulation and implementation of Solid Waste Management Plan Extend technical assistance to LGUs on Solid Waste Management
Program/Project and Description Environmental protection program
Location
Time frame (year/s)
Lead LGU Department LGU Capiz/ Provincial Engineers Office
Significantly reduce environmental degradation into environmentally critical areas
Environmental protection program Solid Waste Management Program
Environmental Code
Department of Environment and Natural Resources; Provincial Planning and Development Office NGOs/POs
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5.3.
PROJECT MAPS
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Map 32e Irrigation Map
Map 32f Location of Existing and Proposed Water Facilities, Province of Capiz

Capiz Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan 2008-2013

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Capiz Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan 2008-2013

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Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Republic of the Philippines PROVINCE OF CAPIZ Roxas City

OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR

VICTOR A. TANCO Governor

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

PAGE NO. 106

119 123 125 127 130

131 140 154 156 159

161 164 168 171 173 196

32b 32c 32d 32e

199 200 201 202

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

MAP NO. 32f

PAGE NO. 203

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

98 100 101 107 116 120 123 125 128 131

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

137 144 145 147 147 148

151 151 155 155 157 160

180 190 190 196

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

PLAN OBJECTIVES AND CONTEXT

Context of the PDPFP

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Figure 1 shows the vertical and horizontal linkages of the PDPFP:

City/Municipal Development Plan

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Figure 2 Programs, Projects, Activities

Investment Programming PLANNING Revenue Generation

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

COVERAGE OF THE PLAN

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Table 2 Data Requirements

Physical Resources Environment, natural resources, protection forestry

sectoral agencies, LGUs

By transport mode or industry if available: Transport and communication

sectoral agencies, LGUs

NSO sectoral agencies, LGUs

Latest, previous census Latest, previous census

NSO, NSCB NSO, NSCB, LGUs

Income and poverty

Sectoral agencies, LGU

Province If available: cities/municipalities in province

Latest available , previous

LGUs, sectoral agencies

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

OUTLINE OF THE PLAN

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

(NGOs), academe, business and peoples organizations (POs).

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

CHAPTER III THE PLANNING ENVIRONMENT

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz

Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan Province of Capiz