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Table 5.1: Key Economic Forces Monetary policy Tax rates Minimum lending rates Price fluctuations Price controls Fiscal policies Level of disposable income Foreign exchange GDP growth rates Consumption patterns Government budgets Per capita income Public investment patterns Private investment growth Investment incentives WTO, AFTA, EU policies 5.1.1 Economic Forces
Perfect Competition Oligopoly Duopoly Monopoly The five forces affecting the nature of competition and profitability in the industry are: (a) Threats of new entrants; (b) Threats of substitute products or services; (c) Bargaining power of suppliers; (d) Bargaining power of buyers; and (e) Rivalry among existing competitors. 6.1 NATURE AND STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRY
3. List the main financial and accounting ratios that can be used in internal analysis of a business.
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Liquidity ratios
Leverage ratios
Activity ratios
Profitability ratios
Growth ratios