BI 5. CU HNH C BN V ROUTER I.

Cc Mode lm vic ca Router

cu hnh router bn phi truy cp vo giao din ngi dng ca router bng thit b u cui hoc bng ng truy cp t xa. Sau khi truy cp c vo router th mi c th nhp cc lnh cho router. Cisco router c nhiu ch (mode) khi cu hnh, mi ch c c im ring, cung cp mt s tnh nng xc nh cu hnh router. Tuy nhin v l do bo mt nn router c 2 mc truy cp: Mc EXEC Mode (hay User mode: mc ngi dng): y l mode bt u mt phin lm vic vi router (qua console hay Telnet). mode ny ch c mt s cu lnh thng thng ca router hay interface, mt s cu lnh dng xem trng thi ca router nh lnh show hay clear. mc ny ngi s dng khng th thay i c cu hnh ca router. Privileged EXEC Mode (Mode EXEC c quyn): mode ny cung cp cc lnh quan trng cu hnh router, cho php cu hnh tt c cc chc nng hot ng ca router.

T ch ny bn mi c th truy cp vo ch ccu hnh ton cc ri sau l cc ch cu hnh ring bit hn nh: + Ch cu hnh cng giao tip + Ch cu hnh ng truy cp + Ch cu hnh Router .

Ch User mode:

Ch Privileged mode:

User mode - Du nhc ca h thng: Router> - chuyn sang ch Privileged mode g lnh: enable Ex: Router>enable -> Router# thot khi ch User mode dung lnh disable

Router#disable Privileged mode - Du nhc ca h thng: Router# - chuyn sang ch Config mode g lnh: configure terminal Ex: Router#configure terminal -> Router(config)# T Config mode ta c th vo cc mode cu hnh bn trong bng cc lnh tng ng, ex: interface, line chuyn t cc mode bn trong ra ngoi ti tng mode c th nh lnh exit, end hoc ctrl +z

II. Cc lnh cu hnh c bn ca Router II.1 ng nhp vo Router Khi ng Windows, vo HyperTerminal Vo Start - Programs - Accessories Communications - HyperTerminal - t tn v cc thng s nh hnh:

Name: <tn file lu tr> Icon: tu chn

Connect using: COM1

- Thit lp cu hnh nh trong hp thoi: <Click chut vo Restore Defaults>

II.2 t tn cho Router Cng vic u tin khi cu hnh Router l t cho Router. Trong ch cu hnh ton cc, s dng lnh: Router(config)#hostname {Tn router} Khi t tn xong v nhn Enter thc thi cu lnh th du nhc s i tn t tn mc nh l Router sang tn va t. II.3 Ci t mt m cho router Mt m c s dng hn ch vic truy nhp vo Router. Thng thng ta lun t mt m cho ng vty v ng console trn router. Ngoi ra mt m cn c s dng kim sot s truy cp vo ch EXEC c quyn trn router. Khi ch nhng ngi no c php mi c th thc hin vic thay i tp tin cu hnh trn router. - t mt m kim sot truy cp Router(config)#enable password {password} Router(config)#enable secret {password} Mt m enable ch c s dng khi khng ci t mt m enable secret. Chng ta nn s dng mt m enable secret v chng c m ho. i khi mt m hin th r rng khi s dng lnh show running-config hoc show startupconfig. trnh iu ny c th s dng lnh sau m ho tt c cc mt m khi hin th trn tp tin cu hnh Router(config)#service password-encryption Lnh ny s p dng c ch m ho n gin ln tt c cc mt m cha c m ho. Ring mt m enable secret th s dng thut ton m ho MD5. t Password cho Router: Router#config terminal (conf t)

Router(config)#ennable secret {password} Router(config)#enable password {password} t mt m cho ng vty, console v aux: - t Password Console trn Router: Thc hin nh sau: Router(config)#line console 0 Router(config-line)#login Router(config-line)#password {cisco} - t Password Telnet vo Router: Router(config)#line vty 0 4 {V thng thng Cisco router c 5 ng vty} Router(config-line)#login Router(config-line)#password {cisco} - t Password cho cng Aux, thng s dng khi cu hnh cho Modem gn Router, quay s vo cu hnh Router: Router(config)#line aux 0 Router(config-line)#login Router(config-line)#password {cisco} Router(config-line)#exit II.4 Kho st cc lnh show C rt nhiu lnh show c dng kim tra ni dung cc tp tin trn router v tm ra s c. - show version: xem CC LNH show version show flash show interface {interface} show running-config show startup-config show clock show hosts show user show ip route NGHA xem tn file IOS, version ca IOS ang s dng, cu hnh phn cng ca router, cc dch v v cc cngr trn router xem file IOS ang lu trong flash xem cu hnh tt c cc cng hay cng c ch nh xem cu hnh chung ang s dng xem cu hnh chung dng cho khi ng (lu trong NVRAM) xem ng h (thi gian cu hnh) hin th danh sch tn v a ch cc host hin th tt c cc user ang kt ni vo router hin th bng chn ng ca Router

II.5 Cu hnh cng Serial trn router - Vo ch ton cc - Vo ch cu hnh cng serial - Khai bo a ch v subnet mask - t tc Clock nu u cm vo cng serial l DCE - Khi ng cng serial: no shutdown II.6 Cu hnh cng Ethernet trn router - Vo ch ton cc - Vo ch cu hnh cng Ethernet - Khai bo a ch v subnet mask

Khi ng cng Ethernet: no shutdown

II.7Cu hnh cu ch thch cho cc cng trn giao tip trn router description II.8 Cu hnh thng ip ng nhp banner motd # thng ip # II.9 Phn gii tn my s dng lnh: ip host {tn} {Ip address} II.10 Lu cu hnh vo NVRAM copy running-config startup-config V d: