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CLLL DIVISICN


Mitosis is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus
into two identical sets in two separate nuclei. It is generally Iollowed immediately by
cytokinesis, which divides the nuclei, cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two cells
containing roughly equal shares oI these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together
deIine the mitotic (M) phase oI the cell cyclethe division oI the mother cell into two daughter
cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell. This accounts Ior approximately
10 oI the cell cycle.

Meiosis is a special type oI cell division necessary Ior sexual reproduction. The cells produced
by meiosis are called gametes. The animals' gametes are called sperm and egg cells.
Whilst the process oI meiosis bears a number oI similarities with the 'liIe-cycle' cell division
process oI mitosis, it diIIers in two important respects:
O The chromosomes in meiosis undergo a recombination which shuIIles the genes producing a
diIIerent genetic combination in each gamete, compared with the co-existence oI each oI the two
separate pairs oI each chromosome (one received Irom each parent) in each cell which results
Irom mitosis.
O The outcome oI meiosis is Iour (genetically unique) haploid cells, compared with the two
(genetically identical) diploid cells produced Irom mitosis.
















































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