ENERGY AUDIT OF HV LEVEL AT GRID IN BSES RAJDHANI

In Indian Power sector cost of energy and demand is rapidly increasing with respect to other countries. The losses in India are about 20 40 % or even more as against 8 12 % in the developed countries. Main priority now a days for the Indian power sector is to reduce energy losses in Transmission & Distribution systems so that they can be competitive to the best in the world. Energy losses can occur during supply of electricity to consumers the technical losses is due to energy dissipated in the conductors and equipment used for transmission, transformation, sub- transmission and distribution of power. These technical losses are inherent in a system and can be reduced to an optimum level. Pilferage, defective meters, and errors in meter reading and in estimating un-metered supply of energy are causes of commercial losses. It is possible to reduce the losses in a short span of time, if the magnitude of technical and commercial losses is estimated and energy auditing can do this. The main purpose of the paper is to estimate the energy loss in BRPL grids of one month. This is done to find % reduction in technical losses of the grids The method adopted for this calculation of energy loss is direct method for calculating energy loss, which involves taking the consumption at the energy meters of all locations starting from input point of the feeders to the outgoing feeders I have done energy auditing feeder wise,. From my analysis and conclusion it is found that the total losses in a month in the grid is about 3.2% in which the losses gap in the EHV level is about 1.75% ,which result in loss of 7.2 cr (approx) to the BSES Rajdhani . After analysis and conclusion I gave some recommendation How to reduce the losses at the HV level

PREPARED BY: AJAY KUMAR GAUTAM

ENERGY AUDIT OF HV LEVEL AT GRID IN BSES RAJDHANI

NO. OF DIVISION IN BSES RAJDHANI POWER LIMITED ARE AS FOLLOWES

DELHI DISTRIBUTION NETWORK

66/33/11 kV Sub Transmission Network. SALIENT FEATURES 1. Unit type system at 66/33/11 kV radial system 2. Open Ring type system at 11 kV Mesh Network. 3. Partial Ring type system at L T Secondary Distribution level. 4. Distribution system with overhead cum underground cable network BSES PURCHASE POWER FROM DTL 220 KV GRIDE Total 23 nos. of 220 kv Grids station in Delhi capacity 6100 MVA including Genco. 15 nos 220 kv Grids feeding the BSES System. 5 nos of 220 kv Grids feeding the NDPL. 3 nos of 220 kv Grids feeding both NDPL/BSES system. BSES Grids(66/33KV): There are 116 Grids/stn out of which 48 nos are in Yamuna & 68 in Rajdhani

PREPARED BY: AJAY KUMAR GAUTAM

ENERGY AUDIT OF HV LEVEL AT GRID IN BSES RAJDHANI AT & C LOSSES

60 50 40 30 20

2 00 1-20 02
49 45 47 39 32

2 00 2-20 03 2 00 3-20 04
29.63

2 00 4-20 05 2 00 5-20 06
10

2 00 6-20 07
0

FLOW CHART OF THE ENERGYAUDIT PROCESS

PREPARED BY: AJAY KUMAR GAUTAM

ENERGY AUDIT OF HV LEVEL AT GRID IN BSES RAJDHANI Automatic Meter Reading (AMR)
Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system introduces online Computerized data monitoring and logging system for all the Grid stations under BSES Rajdhani /Yamuna Power Ltd.

This System provides the following features: 1. Monitoring and logging of the following parameter is respect of all incoming and outgoing feeders integrated on 15 minute basis: 2. Alarm feature to draw attention of the operator to any breach of various parameters beyond specified limits. 3. Facility to generate spread sheet and MIS reports for the following a. System Outage / Down time of the feeders,b. Energy Audit,c. Daily Peak loads d. Voltage Profiles, e. Daily Log Sheets 4. The system to have capability for time synchronizing for each and feed meters from the centralized base station. 5. Event information e.g. voltage failures, exceeding of threshold, error be made available. 6. The availability based Tariff (ABT) based reports consisting of demand and frequency average for 15 minutes. message or

PREPARED BY: AJAY KUMAR GAUTAM

ENERGY AUDIT OF HV LEVEL AT GRID IN BSES RAJDHANI

REPORT

DATED : 31/05/2008 TO 1/07/2008 422.2035 MU 313.589 MU 58.4535 MU 794.246 MU 820.037 MU 25.791 MU (1.75+1.45)=3.20% 1.75% Rs. 72214800

TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SOUTH CIRCLE TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY WEST CIRCLE ENERGY FEED DIRECTLY (RAILWAYS) TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMED BY BRPL TOTAL SUPPLY TO BRPL (power purchased @ Rs 2.8) LOSSES (EHV+HV) LOSS % LOSES AT EHV LEVEL LOSSES IN RUPEES

GRIDE LOSSES IN RUPEES =

Rs. 7,22,14,800

RECOMMENDATION
REASON OF IMBALANCED GRID

1. CT (current transformer) 2. PT(power transformer) Sometimes power transformer gets faulty which results into improper Voltage(e.g, <9 KV for 11 KV feeders, <30 KV for 33 KV feeders and <60 KV for 66 KV feeders) 3. CAPACITOR 4. MAINTANENCE(It should be within 24 Hrs.) 5. LOOPINIG OF METER

PREPARED BY: AJAY KUMAR GAUTAM

ENERGY AUDIT OF HV LEVEL AT GRID IN BSES RAJDHANI

6. MOXA Problem( If Moxa is not working, although on line data is not available but there is no problem with local data. There is problem with Grid balancing S/W only when out of 2-3 or 4 port , 1 port becomes faulty. IMPROVE GRID EFFICIENCY BY 1. REDUCTION OF TECHNICAL LOSSES IN THE GRID 2. MAINTENANCE 3. DAILY ENERGY AUDITING

Measures to Reduce Technical Losses of grid system

1. Energy Auditing: Conducting energy audit for identifying the system elements responsible for excessive losses. The systematic and detailed procedure for conducting energy audit is discussed later. 2. Economic dispatch of power: Technical losses can be reduced considerably under all operating conditions by Proper operation of transformer taps. 3. Network Reconfiguration: After performing exhaustive energy audit and determining the points of excessive losses, loss reduction can be obtained on account of Rationalization of feeders Load balancing among sub-stations

4. System Plan: Plan for optimal layout of EHT lines, their voltage, number of distribution substations (33/11KV) with conductor and transformer ratings. 5. Reactive Compensation: The reactive compensation by installation of capacitors not only reduces the losses but it also improves the power carrying capacity of the line. It is necessary to provide capacitors on all 11 KV feeders at 33/11 KV substations, 33 KV feeders at 132/33KV sub-stations, and 132KV feeders at 22/132KV substations to ensure better voltage profile and reduced losses. 6. Reduction of Multiple Transmission: In the long run some of the overloaded transmission lines should be upgraded and an intermediate voltage level should be avoided. It will not only reduce the losses but also give flexibility to power flow. 7. Reinforcement of network: For 33KV and above, only ACSR/AAAC DOG conductor or higher rating conductor should be used. Wherever the lower rating conductors such as Weasel/Rabbit are in use, they should be replaced by DOG or higher rating conductor. This itself will reduce the losses by 50-70 percent. 8. Converting LV into HV Distribution System: PREPARED BY: AJAY KUMAR GAUTAM

ENERGY AUDIT OF HV LEVEL AT GRID IN BSES RAJDHANI

CONCLUSION
Through the observation and analysis it is found and concluded that the loses in the grid is 3.20% which is more then the bench mark(2 %)which is setup by BSES Rajdhani,

The cost of the losses is approximately Rs. 7,22,14,800 for the month of June BSES is improving its system by implanting prepaid connections in some areas & reading of meter by GSM system BRPL has initiated a special project called Parivartan for reducing losses in high theft prone areas. Due to implementation of new technologies in their system the company making profit by minimizing the losses

PREPARED BY: AJAY KUMAR GAUTAM