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paJI-JIeHTeHaHT. B 1915 B03rJIaBHJI T.H. npaaodinanroeyio rpynIIy 3-n apMHH (OK. 60 TbIC. xex.). Ha ero rpyrmy 6bIJIa B03JIO)l(ena aazraxa pasrpoua IV Kaaxaacxoro AK, 22 HIOH}! naxan nacrynnenae H oT6poCHJI npOTHBHHKa. 2 aar, 3aH}!JI KapaKHJIHCcy, HO4 asr. npHOCTaHOBHJIHaCTYTIJIeHHe.5 asr. rpyrma ren. H.H. Bapamoea HaHeCJIa yztap BO <pJIanr rpynne A, a IV KaBKa3cKHH AK aasan HacTYIIJIeHHe no <PPOHTY. xozte 60eB rpynna A B . 6bIJIa paarpoxorena H OH 6bIJI BbIHY)l(.n;eHOTBeCTHBOHCKaK EBrppary TIocJIe 3p3epYMcKoH oIIepaUHH B03rJIaBHJI 3-10 apMHIO, HO B MapTe 1916 3aMeHeH Bexuti-nauioii: B 1918 .n;HIIJIOMaTHqeCKHH npencraanrens ryp. npaBHTeJIbCTBa B TH<pJIHce.

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ABEPECKY (Averescu) Anexcanapy (9.4.1859 - 3.10.1938, I13MaHJI), PYMbIHCKHH MapllIaJI {1934). B 1907-09 BoeHHbIH MHHHCTp. PYKOBO.n;HJI IIo.n;aBJIeHHeM Kpecrssncxoro BOCCTaHH5I 1907. B 1911-13 HaqaJIbHHK Ienurrafia. B cenr. 1916, nOCJIe nopazcenaa 14-16 ceirr, IIpH Iepnanmrazrre H c.n;aqHTpaHCHJIbBaHHH, CMeHHJIrea. KpaHHHqaHY na nOCTY KOMaH.n;Y1OllIero2-» apMHen (3-51, 4-51, 6-51nex., 2-51KaB. .n;HBH3HH,scero 36 6aTaJIbOHOB). 20 cenr. A nozrsanenu 3-}! H .ll:06py.n;)I(HHCKM apMHH, a TaK)I(e nepezrannsre H3 1-n H 2-n apMHn 4 .n;HBH3HH. A. IIOIIbI. TaJIC5Iopranaaoaars nacrynneaae xepea .ll:YHaH Me)l(.n;y PYllIYROM H TypTYH)I(e, HO rtoreprren neyztasy. 26-30 cerrr, BOHCRa 1-n aBCTpO-BenrepCKOH apMHH ren. A Ap~a dxm Illmpauccen6ypza HaHeCJIH rropaxcenae apMHH A. y Iepaaanrranra, a 3aTeM H y Kponnrrazrra, KOTOPbIH 6bIJI cztan 10 OKT. 3aTeM na apMHIO B03JIO)l(eHO npaxpsrrne BaJIaxHH C cesepa, ITocJIe 3aXBaTa Byxapecra 23 Ho}!6. rpynna rea, <POHMoprena npopsanacs na TIJIOenrrsr H rrozr Koxopenrraua B3}!JIa B nJIeH JIeBo<pJIaHroBY1Orpynny apMHH. TIocJIe xaracrpodna nozr PYKOBO.n;CTBOM <ppaHU. HHCTPYKTOPOBPYMbIHCKa5I apMH}! B EYKoBHHe 6bIJIa perpopaapo9

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sana H A cOXpaHHJI KOMaH,l(~BaHHe2-H apMHeH, B KOTOpyIO06'be,l(HHeHbI HaH60JIee 60ecrroc06Hble BOHcKa: PbIMHHKCKaJJ: pynrra r (1-51,3-51,6-51 H 12-51 ,l(HBH3HH), rpyrrrra Bpanxa (7-51 ,l(HBH3H5I H 7-51 CBO,l(HaJJ: 6pHra.n:a) H rpyrrrra OHTY3 (15-51 ,l(HBH3H5I). IIocJIe rrpe06pa30BaHH5I PYMbIHCKHX BoopYJKeHHbIX CHJI B apMHIO A BOiliJIH II (i-51, 12-51 rrex., CBO,l(HaJJ: KaB. ,l(HBH3HH H 7-51 CBO,l(HaJJ: 6pHra.n:a) H IV (7-51 H 8-51 ,l(HBH3HH) xopnyca, a TaKJKe4-51H 5-51KaB. 6pHra.n:bI xanapaureii H 3-51H 6-51,l(HBH3HH, HaXO,l(5Im;HeC51 peaepse (acero OK. 47 TbIC. 'IeJI., 276 JIerKHX H B 20 TRJKeJIbIXOpy,l(HH, 35 ray6HIJ;). B pa3pa6oTaHHOM KOMaH,l(OBaHHeM PYMbIHCKOro CPPoHTa nnane HaCTyrrJIeHHR apMHH A npennacsrsanocs (rrpn noztaepzoce 4-H pyc. apMHH ren, AcD. PaZ03bt) HaHeCTH rropazcenae rrpOTfIBHHKy B npeztropsax Kapnar B ,l(OJIHHe CYiliHUbI. A npezmncan IV AK rrpOBeCTH ,l(eMOHCTpanmo, a II AK (coBMeCTHO C pyc. VIII AK rea. II.H. JIOM1l08CKala) npopsars CPPOHTrrpOTHBHHKa y Mapeurr, 11(24) HIOJIR nepemen B nacrynneaae H npopsan CPPOHT XXIV repsr. pesepsnore xopnyca, O,l(HaKOBbIIlYCTHJI npOTHBHHKa H nOTep5lJI corrpHKOCHOBeHHeC HHM. 12(25) HIOJIRB0306HOBHJI aacrynneaae nozt Mapenrrasor H naxan rrpO,l(BHJKeHHe anepezt, HO B TOT JKe ,l(eHb A.cD. KcpeHCKHH OTMeHHJI onepauaro. A rrpO,l(OJIJKHJInacTynJIeHHC aaCyunme H 13-14(26-27) HIOJI5Inpa nOMCpJKice pyc. apTHJIJIepHH ycrrennro aanepman onepaumo, B351BOK. 3 TbIC. rrJICHHbIX H 43 OPY,l(H5I .lleHcTBOBaJI COBMeCTHOC 9-H . pyc. apMHeH ren. I'B, Cmunuua. 26 HIOJI5I(8 asr.) aacrpo-repv. BOHcKa HaHeCJIH nopaacenae IV xopnycy B ,l(OJIHHC OHTY3a. 28 HIOJI5I(10 asr.) OCHOBHOHynap rrepeaecen C 9-H apMHH na apMHIO A, HO OH csror OCTaHOBHTb HacTynJIeHHC 1~H ancrpoaearepcrcoii apMHH, coxpannn, B 60JIbIIIHHCTBe CJIY'laCB, CBOH n03HUHH. 6(19) asr, aacrpo-searepcxae BOHCKa B0306HOBHJIH HacTyrrJICHHe, HO 6bIJIH OCTaHOBJIeHbI KOHTpaTaKaMH A. 9(22) anr, nacrynnenne oCniHOBJIeHo. B xozte onepauaa na OHTY3e apMH5I norepana OK. 14 TbIC. 'IeJI. (B T.'I. 4 TblC. nnenHbIMH). B cepeznnre asr, 9-51 repxr. apMH5I HMCJIa HeKoTopbIH ycrrex aa Cynnnre. 29.1-5.3.1918 npeztceztarens COBeTa MHHHCTPOB, B 1919 - MHHHCTP BHyTpeHHHx ,l(CJI.PYKOBO,l(HJIno,l(aBJICHHeM OKTR6pbCKOH sceotinren 3a6acToBKH 1920. 13.3.1920-16.12.1921 H 30.3.1926-4.6.1927 npencenarens COBcTa MHHHCTpOB.
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- 13.10.1937, pyc. rCHCpaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (22.3.1915). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIy'lHJI B THCPJIHCCKOMKa.n:eTCKOMxopnyce H HHKOJIaeBCKOM HHJK. ysaname, CJIYJK6y rrasan nonnopyxaKOM B 1-M KaBKa3cKoM canepaou 6aTaJIbOHe. B 1894 OKOH-'IHJI HHKOJIaeBcKYIO aKa.n:eMHIO feHIIITa6a no 1-MY paspaay. CJIYJKHJI B paaseznce. B 1894-98 B 3arpaHH'IHOH KOMaH)J;HpOBKe (npenaynrecraenuo npn pyc. rrOCOJIbCTBe B TYPU1fH). C 22.4.1900 urrati-orpanep ,l(JIR nopysenaa npa KOMaH,l(yIOm;cM BOlfcKaMH KaBKa3CKoro BO, C 10.7.190i cexperaps renepansaoro KOHCYJIbCTBaB 3p3epYMe. 31.5.1905 naanasea Ha'laJIbHHKOM IIITa6a JIH6aBcKoH KpenOCTlI. B 1906 nepeaeztea B UeHTpaJIbHbIH annapar feHIIITa6a H 28 HIOHR nasnasen ,l(eJIOrrpOH3BO,l(HTeJIeM fYfIII (Bo3rJIaBJIRJI paasensrsarensnoe OT,l(eJICHHe).C 17.4.1908 KOMaH,l(Hp 16-ro rpenaztepcxoro Mnarpenscxoro rrOJIKa, C 12.6.1910 - ofiep-xaaprapaeacrep (2-H ofiep-xaaprapxeacrep) fYfIII. 27.3.1914 A. naana-rea Ha'laJIbHHKOM IIITa.6a Hpxyrcxoro BO. B HOR6. 1914 A nopyseno pyKOBO,l(CT~OMO6HJIH3aUHOHHbIM OT,l(eJIeHHeM fYfIII, XOTR 0CPHUHaJIbHO OH 6bIJI YTBepJK,l(eH B aTOH ,l(OJIJKHOCTH TOJIbKO 22.3.1915. 10.8.1916 naanaxeu na BpeM5I BOHHbI n.zt, Ha'laJIbHHKa feHIIITa6a. IIocJIe cDeBpaJIbCKOH peBOJIIOuHH 1917 naxara xaccoBaJJ:IHCTKa B UeHTpaJIbHOM annapare Boennoro MHHHCTepCTBa ' H A caasana 6bIJI 2.4.1917 YTBepJK,I.J;eH ,l.J;OJIJKHOCTH, YJKe B a 9.5.1917 riepeaezten -sna BpeM5I BOHHbI~ B paCnOpRJKeHHe BOenaoro MHHHCTpa. C 15.5.1917 rJIaBHbIH Ha'laJIbHHK CHa6JKeHHH Kaaxascxoro CPPOJlTa.EbIJI B 1917 nOCJIe,l.J;HHM renepansHblM KOMHccapoM H BoeHHbIM reaepan-rytiepnaropou 06JIacTeH TYPUHH, 3aHRTblX rro npasy BOHHbI. 14.5.1918 naaaasen fJIaBHbIM Ha'laJIbHHKOM cHa6)1(eHHH Kaaxascxoro CPPoHTa H nOMom;HHKOM rJIaBHOrO Ha'laJIbHHKa Kasxaacxoro BO. B fpaiK,I.J;aHcKYIOBOHHY - na lOre POCCHH. B 1918-20 COCTORJI B paCnOpRJKeHHH rJIaBHOKOMaH,I.J;YIOm;ero lIo6poBoJIb'lecKoH apMHeH H BCIOP. Hexoropoe BpeMR saaemaa nOMOm;HHKa Ha'laJIbHHKa Boennoro ynpaaneuaa BCIOP rea, B.E. B5I3bMHTHHOBa. IIocJIe nOpaJKeHHR 6eJIblX apMHH B 1920 3BaKYHPOBaJICR B 'Iypmno, a OTTY,I.J;a B IOrOCJIaBHIO. ITPHHRT na CJIYJK6y B IOrOCJIaBcKYIO apMHIO, CJIY)I(HJI B rapHH30He BeJIH- KOH Ipaaanrrsr.

ABEPbHHOB IIeTp I1BaHoBH'I (5.10.1867

Benrpan, IOrocJIaBHR),

11

AJIEKCAH,l1;P Kapareoprneaa-s (17.12.1888,. UeTHHe, QepHOrOpH5I - 9.10.1934, Mapcens, <PpaHIJ;H5I), npHHu;-pereHT Cep6HH. 2-n CbIH xopons JIempa 1M KOpOJIeBbI 30PKH, ,lJ;O'IepM KOPOJIJI qepHoropHH HU1WJtaR I. OOJIbIllYIO 'IaCTb ,lJ;eTCTBaH IOHOCTH npOBeJI B )KeHeBe (Illneituapaa). B 1899 nepeexan B Ilerepfiypr, C 1904 Y'IHJICJI B ITa:>KCCKOMxopnyCC. 15.3.1909, nOCJIe OTPC'ICUHJI crapurero 6paTa Ieoprna, npOB03rJlaIIICH uaCJIC,lJ;UHKOM cepficxoro npeCTOJIa. Bo speMJI OaJIKaUCKHx BonH 1912-13 KOMaH,lJ;QBaJI 1-n apMHcll. C 11.6.1914 npnau-perear CCp6HH npa CBOCMOTU;C,<paKTH'IeCKH B03rJIaBHJI ynpaBJICHUe rOCY,lJ;apCTBOM; CTOPOHHUK pyc opaearanan. C ua'IaJIOM BOllUbI C asr, 1914 - rJIaBHOKOMau,lJ;YIOIlJ,HllCCp6CKHMH BOOPY:>KCHHbIMHCUJIaMH. O,lJ;UaKOBOCHHOC PYKOBO,lJ;CTBO OCHOBHOM OCYIlJ,CCTBJIJIJIOCb B 'ICPC3 IernnTa6, BO rJIaBC xoroporo CTOJIJIH P. Ilumuux H)K MUlI1ut{.2630 HIOJIJI 6bIJIa nposeneaa M06HJIH3aU;HJI U 31 UIOJIJI - 3 asr oCYIlJ,eCTBJICHa KOuu;cHTpaU;UJI BOllCK. Boopyacennsre CUJIbI crpansr HaC'IHTbIBaJI1l256 TbIC. 'ICJI. (H OK. 150 TbIC. 'ICJI. pC3CpBHCTOB), ,lJ;CJIllBIIIllCCJI aa 1-10 (ren, IT. Boeeudy, 2-10 (BoCBO,lJ;a C Cmenanoeuuy, 3-10 ncrronorarensnyio (rea, IT. KlputuuulllmypM) apMllll II Y:>KllU;KYIO rpyrmy BOllCK (rea M. BozcaHOBll'I; 2-JI IIlYMa,lJ;llllCKaJI ,lJ;HB1l3H5I, Y:>KHu,KaJI 6pHra,lJ;a H JIliMCKlill OTPJI,lJ;).B Te'IeHHe BOllHbI 3aHliMaJI n03Hu,HIO nOJInoro OTKa3a OT KaKHX 6bI TO HH 6bIJIO cenaparnux neperonopOB H BOllHbI ,lJ;0 nofiezmoro KOHu;a. ITPOBO.ll.HJI nOJIHTliKY 06'bC,lJ;llHeHllJI noxpyr CCp6Hll CJIaBJIHCKHX 3eMeJIb na Banxanax. ITOCJIC 06pa30BaHll51 KOPOJICBCTBa CCp60B, XopBaTOB H CJIOBCHU,CB C 1.12.1918 perenr KOpOJIeBCTBa. ITOCJIC pCBOJIIOU;llll B Poccna npH,lJ;ep:>KHBaJICJI <ppaHu,. opaenrauaa. ITpC,lJ;OCTaBliJI B03MO:>KHOCTbnpO:>KHBaTb B IOrOCJIaBlili 60JIbIIIOMY l.JllCJIY 3MHrpaHTOB 113 Poccaa, ITocJIe CMCPTU orua BCTynllJI 17.8.1921 aa npCCTOJI. 8.6.1922 :>KCUllJICJIna rrpmrnecce Mapan, ,lJ;O'ICPli WepaulIallaa I. TIIJ;eTfIO nbITaJIC5I ycTaHOBllTb MHp Me:>K,lJ;Y aU;llOHaJIHCTH'IeCKHMI1 rpyrmaposxaH Mll, nOCJIe -rero 6bIJI BbIHY:>K,lJ;CJI pacrrycrnrs Cxyrnnany, ynpa3,lJ;HI1TbKOUCTHTYU;lllO II 6 1.1929 06'bJIBHTb 06 YCTaHOBJIeHllll KOPOJICBCKOll ,lJ;HKTaTypbI. C 3 10.1929 KOPOJIb IOrOCJIaBHll 3anpCTHJI ,lJ;CJITCJIbHOCTb OJIHTH'ICCKHX napraii, n OCHOBaHUbIX ira 3THH'ICCKllX, peJIHrll03HbIX HJIH PCrHOHaJIbHbIX rrpannarrax
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BBCJI B .lI:ellCTBlie KOHCTllTYU,llIO 3.9.1931, l<OTOpa51O<pOPMllJIa ero ,lJ;HKTaTypy. Y611T xopnarcxaan Hau,aOHaJIHCTaMH BMCere C <ppaHIJ;. MllHMCTPOM llUOCTpaHHbIX .Il.eJIJI. Bapry

AJIEKCAH,l(P Ill neanar- Io.n surrejin30H,lJ;Cp6yprfJIIOKc6ypr (Alexander von Slesvig- Holstein-SonderburgGliicksburg) (1.8.1892, 3aMOK )lcKeJIll51 - 25.11.1920), KOPOJIb 3JIJIliHOB. 2-ll CbIH J(opOJIJI KOHCTaHTliHa 1. 11.6.1917 OTCU;no ,lJ;aBJICHlieM AHTaHTbl OTPCKCJIB ero nOJIb3Y OT npeCTOJIa, npnl.JeM 8 06xo,lJ; ero crapurero 6paTa Ieopra, KOTOPblll UC ycrpanBaJI COI031'l0e KOMaH,lJ;OBaHHCKaK repuaaodmn. Bo rJIaBC npaBllTCJIbCTBa BCTaJI 3. BCH1l3CJIOC. 29.6.1917 Ipeuas 06'bJIBliJIa BOllHY Iepaanaa. Ha CaJIOUHKCKOM <pPOHTCB COCTaBe BOOpy:>KeHHbIXCliJI COI03HHKOB cpazcanacs 150-TbIC. rpe'ICCKaJI apMllJI. OCCHbIO 1918 COlO3HllKli nepCIIIJIli B nacrynnenae H paarpoxaJI1l60JIrapcKYlo H 11-10 repx apMllll. B Mac 1919 Ipenas nsrcaztnzta CBOH BOllCKa B Typnan, Ha,lJ;CJICb aXBaTUTb xacrs nooepe3 :>KbJIB MaJIOll A31111. O,lJ;HaKO B pasrap BOCHHbIX ,lJ;ellCTBlill A. CKopOnOCTll:>KHOCKOHl.JaJICJI llH<pCKU;llH, aanecennoa yKyCOM OT .Il.OMallIHCll 06C3b5lHKll. AJIEKCAH,l1;P MHXAllJIOBlIq POMaHoB, (1.4.1866, Tll<pJIliC - 26.2.1933, Hanna, <PpaHU;llJI), BeJIHKllll KHJI3b, pyc. a,lJ;MllpaJI (6.12.1915), rCHCpaJI-a,lJ;'bIOTaUT (2.7.1909). 4-ll CbIH BeJIliKOrO KHJI351 MHXaliJIa HliKOJIaeBHl.Ja. ITOJIYl.JllJI ,lJ;OMaIIInee 06pa30BaHHc; ,lJ;pyr ,lJ;eTCTBa llMncpaTopa HliKOJIaJI II. 1.10.1885 3a'IHCJIeH Mlll.JMaHOM B fBap,lJ;CllCKHll axanazc. B 1886-91 COBCPIIIllJI xpyrocsernoe IIJIaBaHHe aa KOPBCTC ~PbIH,lJ;a~; B 1890-91 - B I1H,lJ;MIOna C06CTBCHHOll JIXTe -s'IaMapa~. B 1892 KOMaH,lJ;Hp MHHOHOCIJ;a «PCBCJIb~. B 1893 coBCPIIIHJI rrnasaane B CeBcpHYIO AMCPliKY na rpperare «)lMllTPlill )lOHCKOll~. B 1894 :>KeUllJIC5Ina Keenan AJIeKCaH,lJ;pOBHC, ztoxepa AJIeKCaH,lJ;pa III. C MapTa 1895 no lllOJIb 1896 - CTaPIllHll o<pllIJ;cp 6POHCHOCIJ;a «CHCOll BeJIllKllll~. B 1895 npezrCTaBHJI llMncpaTOpy aanacxy, B KOT~pOll ,lJ;OKa3bIBaJI,l.JTOHall60JIce BCPOJITHblM npOTHBHllKOM POCCHII B 6Y,lJ;yIlJ,Cll BOllUC na Mope 6Y,lJ;CT 51nouHJI, Ha3BaJI BPCM5I Ha'IaJIa aoennsrx ,lJ;ellCTBHll - 1903-04 (oKOHl.JaHHC MOPCKOll CTPOllTCJIbUOll nporpaMMbI 51nOHI111) ITpe,lJ;JIO:>KllJI BOlO rrporpasory C CY,lJ;OCTpOeUHJI; ocn
,/

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JIe TOrO KaK ee OTKJIOHMJIM,B 1896 nOKliHYJI crpoenoit COCTaB <pJIOTa.C 31.1.1899 crapnraii orpanep 6poHeHoc~a 6eperoBoH 060pOHbI ~fe~epaJI-~MMPaJI Anpascau»: C 1.5.1900 KOMaHztap acxaztpennoro 6pOHeHOCI(a ~POCTIICJIaB~. B 1903-05 MJI~mIlH <pJIarMaH qepHoMopcKoro <pJIOTa.C 7.11.1901 rJIaBHoynpaBJIRIOllI.lIH roproasnr MOpenJIaBaHlieM M noprasra (c 1898 'IJIeH, 3aTeM npencenarexs COBeTa no .n;eJIaMroprosoro MOpenJIaBaHMR) - 3TOT nOCT 6bIJI C03.n;aHCneI(MaJIbHO.l(JlR Hero. ::ho ~MMHMCTepCTBO~npOCYllI.eCTBOBaJIOHe.n;OJIrO 17.10.1905 M C.IO. BMTTe .n;06MJICRero JIIIKBM.n;aI(MM.C 1904 onnoapeueaHO npeztceztarens Oc060ro KOMMTeTa no YCHJIeHMIO <pJIOTaH: .n;06POBOJIbHbIe nO)KepTBOBaHMR. Bo BpeMR pyc-xnoncxoa BOHHbI KaTerOpM'IeCKH B03pa)KaJI npOTMB OTnpaBKM na ,llaJIbHMH BOCTOK 1-H M 2-H TMXOOKeaHCKMX3CK~p. C<I>eBp. 1905 Ha'IanbHMK orpazta MMHHbIX xpeacepoa (DanTMHCKoe Mope), B 1906 - KOMaH.n;Hp npaKTM'IeCKOrO orpana 060POHbI nofiepe)KbR Da'ITHHcKoro MOPR; B 1905-09 MJI~mMH <pJIarMaH DanTMHclwro MOpR. C 1903 nO'IeTHbIH 'IJIeH HMKOJIaeBCKOH MOpCKOHaK~eMMM, 6bIJI TaK)Ke npeacenarenesr Hsmeparopcsoro Pyc. 06ll1.eCTBa cynoxoztcrna, Pyc. TeXHM'IeCKOrO ofiutecrsa, 06ll1.eCTBa eCTecTBoMcnbITaTeJIeH npn Ilerepfiyprcxosr YHMnepcarere. Mnoro BHMMaHMR y.n;eJIRJIpa3BMTMIO aBHaI(MOHHOro nena B POCCMM,no ero MHMI(MaTHBe C03.n;aHbIJIeTHbIe mKOJIbI, aasara nonroroexa nepnux OTe'IeCTBeHHbIX JIeTHbIX K~pOB. Ilocne nasana BOHHbI pasaepayn 60JIbmYIo pafiory no pa3BHTMIO BoeHHOH aBMaI(MM. 20.9.1914 naanaxerr aasenyiollI.MM opraansauaea aBMaI(MOHHOro .n;CJIaB apMHRX IOro-3anaznroro <pPOHTa, a 10.1.1915 - BO scea .n;eHcTBYIOllI.eHapMHM. C 11.12.1916 nOJIeBOH reHepaJI-MHCneKTOp BoeHHO-B03.n;ymHOrO <pJIOTa npn Bepxonnou rJIaBHOKoMaH.n;YIOllI.eM. Ilocne <DeBpaJIbCKOH peBOJIIOI(HM M3 apMMM 6bIJIM yzranenu see PoMaHOBbI, M A. 22.3.1917 6bIJI YBOJIeH OT c.;1y)[(6bI no npOIIIeHHIO C MYH.n;MPOM.Hexoropoe BpeMR )KHJI B KpbIMY, a B 1918 nOKMHYJI POCCMIO.B 3MMrpaI(HH 6bIJI nO'IeTHbIM npeacezrareJIeM COI03a pyc. BoeHHbIX JIeT'IMKOB, Ilapazccxoii KaIOT-KOMnaHMM, 06be.n;HHeHHR 'IHHOB rnapzreiicxoro 3KHna)Ka, noxpoBMTeJICM HaI(HOHaJIbHOH opraHH3aI(MH pyc. pa3Be.n;'IMKoB. ABTOP ~KHMrM BocnoMHHaHHH~ (M., 1991), ~23 000 MMJIb na RXTe "Taaapa"» (1892-93).
14

AJIEKCAH,lJ;POB HMKOJIaH <DOMM'I (21.10.1851 14.10.1915, Ilerporpazr), pyc. MH)KeHep-reHepaJI (1910). M3 .n;BOPRHOPJIOBCKOii rytiepana. Oopaaoaanae llOJIY'IMJI BO 2-M KOHcTaHTHHoBCKOM BoeHHOM yqMJIHll{e (1871) M HMKOJIaeBC, J(OHaKa.n;eMHM feHIIITa6a (1877). C 1872 npanoprmnc JIeH6- map.n;MHJIMToBcKoro nOJIKa. C 1882 Ha'IaJIbHHK AMYPCKOH MH)K. )l;HCTaHI(MH;C 1896 nOMOlll.HMKHa'IaJIbHMKa, C 10.2.1898 Ha'IaJIbHMK MH)KeHepOB Ilpnaaypcxoro BO. YqaCTHMK Karaircxoro noxozta 1900-01. Bo BpeMR pyc. -anoacsoit BOHHbI 23.4.1904 aaaaasea aacnexropou MH)KeHepOB 1-H Mans-osypcxoii apMHM, a 2.9.1905 - rJIaBHblM MHcneKTopOM MH)K. 'IaCTH npa rJIaBHOKOMaH.n;YIOlll.eMcyxorryrasnrn M MOPCKMMMCMJIaMM,.n;eHCTBYIOll{MMH npOTHB 5InoHHM. C 15.10.1906 Ha'IaJIbHMK MH)KeHepOB BMJIeHCKOro BO, C 27.11.1908 KOMeH.n;aHTKOBeHcKoH xpenocTH. 6.1.1909 A. naanasea TOBapHllI.eM renepan-ancnercropa no MH)K. 'IaCTM. 2.8.1909 OH B03rJIaBHJI fJIaBHOe MH)K. yrrpasneaae. C 21.12.1913 H.n;O CaMOH csreprn 3aHMMaJI nOCT reHepaJI-MHCnexropa no HH)K. 'IaCTlL AJIEKCEEB MMXaHJI BaCMJIbeBM'I (3.11.1857, TBepcKM ry6epHHR - 8.10.1918, Exarepaaonap), pyc. renepan OT MH<paHTepMM(24.9.1914), renepan-aasioranr (1916). CbIH COJI.n;aTaCBepxCPO'IHOH CJIY)K6bI (BnOCJIe.n;CTBHH rronysnaurero 'IMH MaHopa). Y'IMJICR B TBepCKOH KJIaCCH'IeCKOHrMMHaaHH, HO, He OKOH'IHB ee, BCTynMJI B 1873 BOJIbHOOnpe.n;eMIOll{MMCRBO 2-H rpenanepcKMH POCTOBCKMH nOJIK. Ofipaaosaaae nOJIY'IHJI B MOCKOBCKOM rrex, IOHKepCKOMyxannnre (1876) H HMKOJIaeBCKOH aKa.n;eMMH feHIIITa6a (1890). Bsmymen B 64-H nex. KaaaHCKHH nOJIK, C KOTOPbIMysacrsoaan B pyc. -rypemcoii BOHHe 1877-78. B CTPOIOA. npOCJIY)KMJIOK. 11 JIeT. C 24.10.1885 no 21.10.1887 KOMaH.n;oBaJI POTOHcsoero lIOJIKa. CJIY)KMJIB IIITa6c Ilerepoyprcxoro BO. C 1.11.1890 cTapIIIMH a.n;bIOTaHTI AK, C 31.5.1894 MJI~IIIMH zteJIOrrpOH3Bo.n;MTeJIb KaHI(eJIRpHM Boenno-ysenoro KOMMTeTafJIaBaoro IIITa6a. Oznroapenemro, C 28.8.1898 sxcrpaopnaaapmaii, C 24.12.1901 opznnrapnsni, C 2.6.1904 3aCJIY)KeHHbIHop.n;HHapHbIH npodeccop HMKOJIaeBCKOH AKa.n;eMHHfeHIIITa6a lIO xadiezrpe pyc. aoeaaoro MCKYCCTBa. 5.8.1900 naxansmrx OT.n;CJIeHHR C renepanxaaprapueiicrepcxoii 'IaCTH Inasaoro IIITa6a. Ilocne nasana pyc.RnOHCKOH BOHHbI 1904-05 A. 30.10.1904 naanaxea renepan15

II'1 1

'I

, xeaprapsreacrepoa 3-H MaHb'DKypCKOH apMHH. 3a 60eBhIe OTJlHqHJI narpaacten 30JIOThIM OpY)KHeM (1906). C 27.9.1906 otiepKBapTHpMeHCTep fYflII. 16.12.1908 H36paH 1I0qeTHhIM qJIeHOM KOH<pepeHIIHH HHKOJIaeBCKOH BoeHHOH aKa,n;eMHH. C 30.8.1908 HaqaJIhHHK nrraoa Kaescxoro BO. ABTOP pa60T, B T.q.: ~.lleHcTBHJI ornensaoro KaBKa3CKOrO xopnyca OT naxana KaMlIaHHH 1877 r. zto CHJlTHJI ocaztsr Kapca B HIOHe MeCJlIIe~ (~BoeHHhle 6ece,n:hI~, 1892,BhIIl.12), ~lIITypM KapCaBHO%c5Ha6HoJl6.1877~ (CITB, 1903) H zrp. C HIOAA 1912 KOMaH,n:HpXIII AK. C HaqaJIOM MHpOBOH BOHHhI 19.7.1914 naaaaxea HaqaJIhHHKOM nrraria apMHH Krro-Sanamroro <ppoHTa. 5IBJIJlJICJI ,n:eJlTCJIhHhIMIIOMO~HHKOM rea, H.I1. Hea1108a KaK B CTpaTerHqeCKOH paoore, TaR H IIO Y"paBJIeHHIO BOHCKaMH <PPOHTa.B cerrr. 1914 narpazcten opnenoxr CB. Ieoprna 4-H CTelIeHH. ITocJIe yxozta ren, H.B. Py3CKOlO A. 17.3.1915 nasna-rea rJIaBHOKoMaH,n:yIo~IIM apMHJlMH Cesepo3alIa,n;Horo <ppoHTa. Korzta BCJIe,n:CTBHe xaracrporpsr, paspasaallIeHCJI B faJIHIIHH BeCHOH 1915, HaqaJICJI06~HH OTXO,n: pyc. BOHCK, A. PYKOBO,n:HJI speaasr-ranuo Tpy,n:HhIM OTCTY"JIeHHeM apMHH <ppoHTa xepes ITOJIbllIY H JIHTBY rrozt nanoposr HenpHJlTeJIJI H npn CHJIhHOM He,n:OCTaTKeapr. CHapJl,n:OB.B HIOJIe - asr. ,n:eHCTBHJIA. B xozte ITpacHhlllICKHX orrepamra COpBaJIH nonsrrxa repv. BOHCK OKPY)KHTh H YHHqTO)KHTh Pyc. BOHCKa B UapCTBe ITOJIhCKOM. 4.8.1915 <pPOHT pasztenen aa ztsa; 3ana,n;HhIH - nozt KOMaH,n:OBaHHeM A. H CeBepHhIH - non KO'MaH,n:OBaHHeMrea. PY3CKoro. B COCTaB<ppoHTa A. BOllIJIH 1-51,2-51, 3-51 H 4-51 apMHH. 16(29) asr. repa, BOHCRa HaHeCJIH nopazceaae 3-H apMHH (rea, JI.B. Jleui), KOTOPhIH cztan KOBCJIh H BJIa,n;HMHP- BOJIhIHCKHH. Orcrynnenae 3-H apMHH llOBJIeKJIO OTXO,n: -H (rea. A.11.JIumeuuoe) H 2-H (ren. 1 B.B. CMupuoe) apMHH, OCTaBHBllIHX BeJIOCTOK H fPO,n:HO.JIHHHJI HeMaH- Byr 6hlJIa caaaa, Bcxope BeJIHKHH KHJl3h Huxonau Huxonaeeuu rrepesezten na KaBKa3 H 06J13aHHOCTHBepxosrroro rJIaBnoxoxranzryronrero npHHJlJI na ce6J1 23.8.1915 HMnepaTop HU1COnaii II. 18.8.1915 A. 6hIJI naanaxen HaqaJIhHHKOM ero urrafia, <paKTHqeCKH B03rJIaBHB PYKOBO,n:CTBO pyc. apMHeH B BoHHe. B 1-H nOJIOBHHe HOJl6. nozt PYKOBO,n:CTBOM saaepnrena paspafiorxa A. npoexra nnana COBMeCTHhIX C COI03HHKaMH ,n:eHcTBHH B 1916. 6.3.1916 naxaro nacrynnenne apMHH Cesepaoro <ppoHTa. XOTJI rJIy6HHa npo,n:BH)KeHHJI COCTaBHJIa5-9 KM, cpIDKeHHe B paiione .llBHHcKa H osepa Hapoxs OKa3aJIO BJIHJlHHe na XO,n: 0eBhIX ,n:eH6
16

CTBHH BO <l>paHIIHH (xacrs repsr. BOHCK as-non KpenOCTH Bepzten nepeopomeaa ira Pyc. <ppOHT). C 10.11.1916 no 17.2.1917 HaxO,n:HJICJI orrrycxe no 60JIe3HH H ero 06J13aHHOCTHHCnOJIHJlJI B ren, B.ll. FyP1CO. ITpH6hIB H3 OTnYCKaJ nepepatioran nJIaH KaMnaHHH 1917, paapaoorannsrit rea. fYPKO H A. C. JIY1COMCKUM. OH rrpeaycsrarpanan nanecenae rJIaBHOrO yztapa aa Kiro-BanaztHOM<PPOHTe ncrroaorarensnsie H ,n:eHCTBHJI aaztp, <pPOHTax.Ha CeBepHOM rppoirre yztapnoii Ha3HaqaJIaCh 5-51apMHJI ren. A.M./Jpazouupoea. B naxane peBOJIIOIIIIH B <peBp. 1917 A., no npezmaptrrensHOMY COrJIarneHHIO C HeKOTophIMH 06~ecTBeHHhIMH ,n:eJlTeJIJlMH, opraHH30BaJI nasnenae na HHKOJIaJI II co CTOPOHhI CTapllIHX BOeHaqaJIhHHKOB, qT06hI n06y,n:IITh ero OTpeqbCJI OT npeCTOJIa. 1 MapTa HanpaBHJI HHKOJIalO II TeJIerpaMMY C rrpoercrov sraHH<peCTa H Tpe60BaHHeM C03,n:aHHJIOTBeTCTBeHHoro MHHHCTepCTBa. Y)Ke 2 MapTa A. HanpaBHJI Iocynapro TeJIerpaMMhI rJIaBHOKOMaH,n:ylO~HX apMHJlMH <pPOHTOB BeJIHKOrO KHJl3J1 HHKOJICUI HHKOJIaeBHqa, A.A. Bpucunoea, A.E. 3eepma H B.B. Caxapoea, conepacasurae npocsfiy 06 OTpeqeHHH. 3TH renerpascrsr 6hlJIH ,n:OJIO)KeHhI HHKOJIaIO II rea, Py3CKHM, KOTOPhIHco csoeii CTOPOHhI TaK)Ke BhICKa3aJICJI sa He06xo,n:HMOCTh orpesenna. HHKOJIaH II, YBH,n:eB,qTO apMHJI B JIHIIe CBOHXcrapunrx npe,n:CTaBHTeJIeH BhIcryrraer npOTHB Hero, CorJIaCHJICJIaa nepezrasy rrpecrona. TaRHM 06pa30M, pemenae 06 OTpeqeHHH 6hlJI0 rrpHHJlTO HMnepaTopOM HHKOJIaeM II no Tpe60BaHHIO CTapllIHX reaepanon erne no paarosopa C npaexaamaxa H3 Ilerporpaaa npe,n:CTaBHTeJIJlMH Iocynapcraemrofi ,n:yMhI B.B. lIIYJIhmHhlM H A.11. fyqKOBhIM. IToCJIe BhIcTynJIeHHJI aTHX JIHII HHKOJIaH II H3MeHHJI nepsona'faJIhHhIH TeKCT MaHH<pecTa B TOM CMhICJIe, qTO OTKa3hIBaeTCJI OT npeCTOJIa He~TOJIhKO aa ce6J1, HO H 3a csoero ChIHa, nepeztaeaa npeCTOJI BeJIHKOMY,KHJl3IO MHXaHJIY AJIeKCaH,n:poBHqy. ITo rrpaeszte B CTaBKY B MOrMJIeBe Iocyzraps 3 MapTa JIHqHO BpyqHJI A. 3anHCKY, B KOTOPOHCHOBaBhIPIDKaJI COrJIaCHe aa BCTynJIeHHe na npeCTOJI ChIHa AJIeKCeJl, HO A. CKPhIJI OT Bpeaennoro npasarensCTBa aTOT ,n:OKYMeHTH nepenan ero ren, A.ll. /JeuU1CUUY Y)Ke BO • BpeMJI Ipaxnaacxoa BOHHhI, xorna TOT npe,n:CTaBJIJlJI JIHllIh HCTOpHqeCKHH mrrepec. O,n:HOBpeMeHHO C MaHH<pccToM 06 orpeqeHHH Ibcynaps no,n:IIHCaJIyxas 0 Ha3HaqeHHH BepxoBHhIM rJIaBHOKOMaH,l(ylO~HM BeJIHKOrO KHJl3J1 HHKOJIaJI HHKOJIaeBHqa, C qeM Bpeaeaaoe npaBHTeJIhCTBO He COrJIaCHJIOCh.BoeHHhIH MH17

HHCTP Iy-ncon BbI,n:BHHYJIKaH,n:H,n:aTYPY A, HO npOTHB nee no HHHl(HaTHBe H.B. PO,n:351HKO BbICKa3aJIC5IBpeMeHHbIH KOMHTeT Iocynapcrseanoii ,n:yMhI, HaxO,n:51 nenoztxoztautmr ,n:JI5IPOJIH A rnasrroxosrarrzryrorrrero H npezoraraa KaH,n:H,n:arypy ren. EpYCHJIOBa. .llJI5I peIIIeHH5I nonpoca Bpeuennoe npaBHTeJIhCTBO npn6erJIo K sanpocy no renerparpy MHeHH5I 18 cTapIIIHx HaqaJIhHHKOB apMHH. 113 HHX 13 renepanoa ,n:aJIHBnOJIHe 6JIarOnpH5ITHhIH OT3hIB, a 5, XOT5IH npH3HaBaJIH ,n:OCTOHHCTBa , HO C pa3HhIMH A orosopxaaa. 1 arrp, A naanaxen Bepxosasnr rJIaBHOKOMaH,n:YIOmHM. 21 Ma5I 6bIJI 3aMeHeH ren. EpYCHJIOBhlM H OT03BaH B IIeTporpaa B xaxecrne soemroro COBeTHHKaupaBHTeJIhCTBa. 30 asr, ,n:JI5I 03MO)KHO60JIee 6e360JIe3HeHHoH JIHKBH,n:al(HH nsrcrynneB HH5I rea, JI.r. KOpllUJl08a A., no rrpocsde A<D. Kepeacxoro, npHH5IJI ,n:OJI)KHOCTh HaqaJIhHHKa IIITa6a. IIPH6hIB B MOfHJIeB ero 1 ceirr., A CaHKl(HOHHPOBaJI apecr KOpHHJIOBa H np, H -repea HeCKOJIbKO,n:HeHnepesen HX B EhIXOB. BCJIe,n:aa 9THM A, nOCJIe 12-,n:HeBHoro npe6bIBaHH5I B ,n:OJI)KHOCTH, cenr. OTKa3aJIC5IOT 9 nee H BepnyJIC5I B Ilerporpaa, IIoCJIe OKT5I6pbCKOHpeBOJIIOl(HH A. 11 H05I6. BhIeXaJI B HOBO'lepKaCCK, rne CCOrJIaCH5I loncxoro araZ MaHa rea. AM. Kaneouua npacryrmn K C03,n:aHHIO .ll06POBOJIh'IeCKOH apMHH. B ztex, na .llOH rrpafisrn reu, KOPHHJIOB. B nex. A BOIIIeJI B COCTaB.lloHcKoro rpaacaaacxoro COB era, Me)K,n:y A. H KOPHHJIOBhIM, Bo06Il(e He CHMnaTH3HpOBaBIIIHM zrpyr ztpyry, naqaJIHCh TpeHH5I, npHBo,n:HBIIIHe K CTOJIKHOBeHH5IM,HOCHBIIIHM aecsva pe3KHH xapaxrep. HaKOHel( OHH no,n:eJIHJIHMe)K,n:yC060H BJIaCTb: A aeztan nonpocasur <pHHaHcoB, BHYTpeHHeH H BHeIIIHeH nOJIHTHKH, a KOPHHJIOB npHH5IJI KOMaH,n:OBaHHe apMHeH. A. ysaCTBOBaJIB Ky6aHcKoM noxozte .ll06POBOJIhqeCKOH apMHH H nocJIe CMepTH KOpHHJIOBa B03BpaTHJIC5I C apMHeH B .llOHCKYIO 06JIaCTh. C pa3BHTHeM ,n:06POBOJIhqeCKHX <pOpMHpoBaHHH A. 18(31 ).8.1918 npHH5IJI 3BaHHe Bepxosnoro PYKOBo,n:HTeJI5I .ll06POBOJIhqeCKOHapMHH H rrpn HeM 6hIJIO C03,n:aHO Oc060e COBeIl(aHHe, BhIIIOJIH5IBIIIee <PYHKl(HH npaBHTeJIhCTBa.

AJIHEB 3PHC XaH CYJITaH Iaperi (30.4.1855 - 1920), pyc. renepan OT apTHJIJIepHH (6.12.1914). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqH3I B MHXaHJIOBCKOM apr. yqHJIHIl(e (1876), a TaK)Ke B MHXaHJIOBCKOH apr, axazresrna. YqaCTHHK pyc+rypeuxoii BOHHhI 1877-78. C 1.10.1895 KOMaH,n:Hp7 -H 6aTapeH JIeH6-rBap,n:HH 3-H apr, 6PH18

- 2-ro ,n:HBH3HOHa 20-H apr, 6pHra,n:bI. 13.11.1903 aaanasea KOMaH,n:HpoM 20-H apr. 6pHra.n:hI, C KOTOPOH npHH5IJI yxacrne n pyc.-51nOHCKoH BOHHe 1904-05. 13.8.1905 naaaasea COCT05IThB pacnopsxeaaa rJIanHOKOMaH,n:YIOIl(erO aa .llanhHeM Bocroxe, 3a 60enbIe OTJIH'IH5I narpaac,n:eHopaeuox CB. Ieopraa 4- H CTeneHH. nOCJIe BOHHhl 16.5.1906 nOJIyqHJI B KOMan,n:OBaHHe 5-10 BOCTOQHO-CH6npcKYIO CTpeJIKOBYIO ,n:IiBH3HIO. C 14.8.1908 KOMaH,n:Hp II Cafinpcxoro AK. 8.2.1914 A 6hIJI nOCTaBJIeH BO rvrase IV AK, KOTOPblM KOMaH,n:OBaJInpaKTHqeCKH BCIO BOHHY. B COCTaB xopnyca BXO,n:HJIH 30-51 (reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT 3.A KOJI5IUKOBCKHH) H 40-5I (rene. paJI-JIeHTeHaHT H.H. KopOTKeBHQ) nex. ,n:HBH3Hn, n03)Ke eMY 6hIJIa npnaaaa 2-5I nex. ,n:HBH3HH. IIpH M06HJIH3al(HH xopnyc BOIIIeJI B COCTaB1-H apMHH feu. II.K. Penneuxasauba, a B KOUl(e cenr, nepeaan BO 2-10 apMHIO ren, C.M. Illeiioeuana. B 60HX K aanazty OT BapIIIaBhI 28.09-6.10.1914 pellIHTeJIhHO nOTeCHHJI npoTHBHHKa II 9THM B 3Ua'lnTeJIhHOH creneaa cnoc06CTBOBaJI ,n:e«cTBIIHM2-« apMHH H nepexo.n:y ee B 06mee HacryIIJIeHMe. 3a ::lTO on 6hIJI uarpascaen 26.10.1915 opnenou CB. Ieopraa 3-« CTerrenn. Kopnyc yqaCTBOBaJI B 60JIhIIIHHCTBe Ba)KHe«IIIHx onepa[(II«: BOCTO'lUO- Ilpyccxoii H JIO,n:3IIHCKOH,60Jlx npa nYJITycKe H Hapese, a TaK)Ke B TJI)KeJIeHIIIeM oTcryfIJIeHHH H3 PYMhIHHII. B Mae 1918 BbIeXaJI H3 Ilerporpana, rzte HaxO,n:HJIC5I pacrropaB ~eHMH Bepxosnoro rnaanoxoaanztyioutero, B qeqHlo. Ilpeano)KHJI CBOIi yCJIyrH npaBIiTeJIbCTBY ropuen KaBKa3a Ii, nOJIy'lIIB OTKa3, B H05I6. 1918 3aqHCJIeH B pacnopaxenae rJIaBHOKOMaH,n:Ylomero .llo6POBOJIb'leCKOH apMMeH. B MapTe 1919, nOCJIe saHJlTH5I qeqHH qaCTJlMH ren, B.II. JIRXo8a, npH6bIJI B fP03HbIH H aa csesne qeqeUCKHX napozton n36paH BePXOBHbIM npaBHTeJIeM qeqUH. Cpena nposero BOBpeM5I ero npaaneaas 6bIJIH paarpouJIeUbl xeseacxae aynsr, He npH3HaBIIIHe BJIaCTb.ll06POBOJIb'leCKOH apMHII. B 3HaK nporecra nporas )KeCTOKOCTHII HaCIIJIl15I B OTHOIIIeUHII ropnes co CTOPOHbIrea. I1.r 3pdeJlu, a TaK)Ke OCY)K,n:enHJI ,n:06POBOJIbl(aMH OTBeTHhIX ,n:eHCTBHHropues, 3a5IBIIJI 0 cnOCH OTCTaBKe.IIocJIe oTcTynJIeHHJI.ll06poBoJIhqeCKoH apMHH M3 Tepcxofi 06JIacTH apecrosaa 60JIbIIIeBHKaMH n nosrenren B TIOphMy Iposaoro. PaCCTpeJI5IH no nparosopy PeBTpII6YHaJIa (no ztp. CBe,n:eHH5IM 9BaKYHpOBaJIC5I C 6eJlbIMM BOHCKaMH B Ipy3HIO, a 3aTeM B TyPl(HIO).
19

razrsr: C 25.2.1900

renepan, B 1918 XX AK B COCTaBe3-H apMHH Mycma</Jbl-Keuans-nauiu; a 3aTeM - VIII AK B COCTaBe4-H apMHH rea, JJ,JlCeuans-nausu aa CUPHHCKO- IIaJIecTuHCKoM <ppoHTe. B KOHQe BOHfIbl B03rJIaBUJI OCTaTKUryp, BOHCKB CHpUH. IIocJIe npnxona K BJIaCTH Ararropxa naanasen rrepasnr rrOCJIOMHOBoro rrpamrrenscraa B MOCKBe. Ilocne BBei'1.emUI B TYPQHH <paMHJIHH
npnH5IJI HM5I.ll)J(e6ecoH. B MapTe 1921 y-racrnoaan B COBeTCKOB 1924 cran Oi'1.HHMH3 JIlmepoB IlporpecCHBHo-pecrry6JIHKaHCKoH lIapTHH H npHH5IJI ysacrne B aarosope npOTHB ATaTIOpKa, nOCJIe xero 6bIJI orcrpanea OT scex noCTOBH HCKJIlOqeHH3 06IQeCTBeHHoH )J(H3HH. Ilocne csrepra ATaTIOpKa aannsran BbICOKHe nOCTbI B IIpaBHTeJIbCTBe, MHHHCTP (1939-43). B 1948-50 npencenarens Bsrcmero HapOi'1.HOrO co6paHH5I TYPuHH.

AJIH-<l>YA,[(-IIAmA(Ali-Fuad-Pa~a)

(1882 -1968),

Typ.

ryp, neperonopax.

AJIJIEH6H (Allenby) 3i'1.MYHi'1. Ieapa faHHi'1.MeH(24.4.1861, opaKeHxYPCT, HOTenreMIlIHp - 14.5.1936, JIOHi'1.0H), BHKOHT Mei'1.)J(Hi'1.CKHH <l>eJIHKCTOYHCKHH H (1919), arrrn, <peJIbi'1.Mapiliarr (1919). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B KOpOJIeBCKOii aoemroii areai'1.eMHHB CaHi'1.xYPcTe (1882) H odnsnepcxo« KOJIJlei'1.)J(e (1899). BbIllYIQeH B I1HHHCKHJIJIHHrCKHH ztparyncxnii nOJIK. IlepsonaqarrbHO CJIY)J(HJI IO)J(uoH A<ppuKe, ysacraax SKCnei'1.HQHH B npoTHB 6eqyaHoB (1884-85) H 3YJIYCOB(1888). B 1899 BHOBb nepeaenen B IO)J(HYIO A<PPHKY,me KOMaHi'1.0Barr CKatJ.POHOM. S yqaCTHHK aHrJIo-6ypcKOH BOHHbI 1899-1902, KOMaHi'1.0Barr Ti'1.eJIbO HbIMH OTp5li'1.aMH. 1902-05 KOMaHi'1.Hp5-ro yxancxoro nOJIKa, B C 1910 - 4-H xananepaiicxoa 6pHratJ.bI. C 1910 nncnexrop xaaanepna. llOJIy<IHJI B apMuH IIp03BHIQe ~:13bIK~(Bull). C naxaJIOM BOHHbI, B 1914, nanpasnen BO <l>paHQHIO; KOMaHi'1.HpKaB. i'1.HBH3HHH Oi'1.HOBpeMeHHoKOMaHi'1.YIOIQHI1aaanepneii sxcnex i'1.HQHOHHbIX CHJI (1,5 i'1.HBH3Im). IIocJIe BbICai'1.KH ero BOHcKa K 20 asr COCpei'1.0TOqnJIHCb BOCTOqnee xpenocrn M06e)J(. B rroztqHH;HHH A. 6bIJIH - 1-51 (2-H H 5-H raapneiicxae ztparyncxne, 11-H rycapcxaii nOJIKH), 2-51 (4-H rBap,ZleHCKHH ,ZlparYHcKHH, 9-if YJIanCKHH, 18-H rycapcxnii nOJIKH), 3-51 (ren f. ro</J), 4-51 (llPH,ZlBOPHbIH xaaanepnttcxan, 6-H rBap,ZleHCKI1H,ZlparYHcKHH, 3-H rycapcxna nOJIKH) H 5-51 (2-ii ,ZlparYHcKHH «CKOT Ipeiic», 12-11 YJIanCKUH, 20-H rycapcxnii nOJIKH) fiparansr, a TaK)J(e ap20

TMJIJIepHHCKHe qaCTH . .llei1cTBH5I A. n MaHeBpeHHblH nepnon BOHHbI 3aCJIY)J(HJIH0,Zl06peHHe KOMaH,ZlOBaHH5I B OKT. 1914 on H 6blJI nasaasen KOMan,ZlMpOMBnOBb 06pa30Bannoro KaB. xopnyca. C HIon5l1915 - KOMan,ZlHp IAK, yqaCTBOBaJI B ocenneii KaMnaana 1915 B Illasman« H Aprya. C OKT. 1915 - KOMaH,ZlYIOIIlHH 3-H apMHeH. Bo BpeM5I nO,ZlrOTOBKHonepauan na COMMe (1. 7 -18.11.1916) na apMHIO A. B03JIO)J(enoooecneaenae (cHJIaMH VII AK) Csanana 4-H anrn. apMHH, HaHOCMBilieH r.n:aBHblH ynap. Ilepnsre aTaKH icopnyca 6bIJIH HeY,ZlaqHbIMH II 6bIJIM oT6HTbI C 60JIbIlIHMlI nOTep5lMII. B AnpeJIbCKOM HacTynJIeHIIH COI03HIIKOB 1917 apMlI5I A. HaHOCHJIa BcnoMOraTeJIbHbIH yztap na Zlya- Banancsen. B COCTaBapMIIII BXO,ZlIIJIO10 nex. ,ZlIIBII3HH B nepson SIlIeJIOHe II 3 - BO BTOpOM. Ilexory nO,Zl,Zlep)J(HBaJIO OK. 2800 Opy,ZlHH(B T.q. 989 T5I)J(eJIblx) II 300 CaMOJIeTOB,TaK)J(e B COCTaBeapMHII 6bIJIO 40 raHKOB. C <pJIaHrOB apMHIO noznep)J(HBarrlI 1-51II 5-51apMIIII. B nepasni nens (9 anp.) anrn BOIICKa OBJIa,ll.eJIII rrepaoii 060pOHlITeJIbnOH n03IIQHeH, no pa3BHTb ycnex He CMOrJIII. 12 anp. KaHa,ZlCKlIe BOHCKa B351JIII BIIMMII. 20 anp. HacTynJIeHIIe II3-3a 60JIbIlIHX noreps 6bIJIO OCTaHOBJIeHO. B HIOHe 1917 nasna-ren rJIaBHOKOMan,ll.YIOlllIIM BOHCKaMII B ErIInTe II Ilanecrane, rne Y)J(e 6bIJIa npoaezrena nO,ZlrOTOBKaK HacrynJIeUIIIO. 26 HIOn51npH6bIJI B Eraner, B ero pacnop5l)J(enHII naXO,ZlIIJIOCb7 ,ll.IIBII3I1H, CBe,ZleHIIbIXB XX (ren. cD. 'Iem6ya), XXI (reaepan-neiireaaar 3. EClllb</JU1l) H llYCTbIHHbIH arrbnlIHCKHH (rea, Illasens) xopnyca B reseaae JIeTa on nOJIyqIIJI nomcpennenna 113IO)J(noH MeconOTaMHH H I1n,ll.HH II ero BOHCKa 6blJIH noseneasr no 69 TbIC. qeJI. (B T.q. 12 TbIC. xasanepHH), 540 Opy,ll.HH H 90 CaMOJIeTOB. Onepauna aaxanncs no OKOHqanHH zcapsr 27.10.1917. Typ. BOHcKa nOCJIe,ll.OBaTeJIbnO 6bIJIH BbI6HTbI C 3anIIMaeMbIX n03HQHH: 31 OKT. cztanacs OHPCe6a H 6 H05l6. - Iasa, 17 u05l6. - 5I<p<pa,9 ztex. - I1epycaJIHM. BbI,ll.BHnYBIlIHcb K Padxpary H I1epHxoHY, A. OCTanOBHJIC5Ina STHX n03IIUI151X, T.K. H3-3a peIlIHTeJIbHOrO HacTynJIeHH5I repsr. BOHCKBO cDpaHQI1H necnoii 1918 ryzta 6bIJIH neperipomena OTnensnsre qaCTH H3 apsma A. B cetrr, 1918 B0306HOBHJI nacrynnemre. B STO BpeM5I ryp, apMHH (4-51, 7-51 H 8-51) nozi 06111HM KOMan,ZlOBaHHeM repu, reno O. Jluuaua </J01l Cauoepca 3aHHMaJIH YKpenJIeHHbIe n03HQHH na rpponre OT MopCKoro nofiepe)J(b51no Meprsoro MOP5l. B xozre l1aJIecTHHcKoH onepanan
21

(19-21 cenr. 1918) A. 19 cenr, npopsan Typ. <pPOHTOT Parpara no MOP51H BBeJI B npopsm KaB. xopnyc. 20 cenr. KaB. xacrn noCTHrJIH Haaapera, rae naxo.n;HJIC5I nrraf JIHMaHa <POH Canzrepca. 1 OKT. aarn. BOMcKa BCTyrrHJIH B ,llaMacK, 26 OKT. KaB. qaCTH B351JIHAnermo (Xanefi), O,1l;HoBpeMeHHo <ppaHn:. scxaapa BOIIIJIa B nopr neMpYT. TaKHM 06Pa30M, ne TOJIbKO I1aneCTHHa, HO H BC5ICHPH5I 6hIJIH saxaasensr. BOMcKa A. B351JIH 50 ThIC. nneaOK. HhlX H CB. 300 0PY.llHM. 27 OKT. o<pHn:HanhHo nasanacs neperosopsr na BoeHHOM xopatine «<DopcaMn B nopry Myzrpoc (OCTpOB ]J:eMHoc). 30.10.1918 Ha60pTY mmeMHoro Kopa6JI5I «AraMeMHOH~ nonnacauo nepeuapae C'Iypuaeii, rrpH3HaBIIIeM ce651 no6e)K.n;eHHoM. 31 OKT. BOCHHhIe.n;eMcTBH5Ina CHPHMCKO- IlaneCTHHCKOM<ppoHTe npexpaureasr, B 1919- 2S nepxoaasrii KOMHCcap ErHIITa. C 1926 - pexrop 3.n;HH6yprcKoro YUHBepcHTcTa.

~b.6EPT

I, AJIb6epT-JIeorrOJIh.n;-

KJIeMeHT-

MapH5I-

Me iiuapz; CaKceH-Ko6ypr-[oTcKHM (Albcrt-LeopoldClement- Maria- Meynard von Sachsen - Coburg- Gotha)

(8.4.1875, EpIOCCCJIh - 17.2.1934, 6JIH3 MapIII -JIe-,llaM), KOPOJIh nCJIhrHH (c 17.12.1909), <peJIb.n;MapIIIaJI anrn. apMHH (1921). ChIH rparpa <DHJIHnrra <DJIaH.n;pcKoro H npamreccsr MapHH [0reHn:OJIJIepH-3HrMapHHreH, rrJICM5IUHHK 6eJIbrHMCKoro KOPOJI5I JIeorrOJIb.n;a II. B 1891 rrOCJIe csrepra CBOCro crapurero 6paTa Bonysaa 06'h5lBJIeH HaCJIe.n;HHKOMnpecrona. 06pa30BaHHe noJIyqHJI B KOpOJIeBCKOM BoeHHoM IIIKOJIe (1892). 2.10.1900 ncryrrHJI B 6paK C repuoraaea EJIH3aBeTOM Baaapcxoti, 29.7.1914 rrpHH5IJI pCIIIeHHe 0 npaasrse B apxmo 3 soapacrnsrx rpyrrrr pe3epBHcToB. Bexepon 31 HIOJI5I06'h5lBHJI Bce06I1lYIO M06HJIH3aUHIO. C UaqanOM BOHHbl B COOTBCTCTBHHC 68-M CTaTbeM KOHCTHTYUHH rrpHH5IJI na Ce6513BaHHC rJIaBHOKoMaH.n;YIOIIlero 6eJIbrHMcKoM apMHcM (npn HaqanbHHKe IIITa6a reu. Cannsepe ne MOpaUBHJIe). K 6.8.19144 ,1l;HBH3HH3aH5IJIH HaMeqCUHbIM paiiOH I1epBeu- TUpJIeMoH-JIYBeH-BaBp. Y Bapesra pacnonaraJIaCb KaB. .n;HBH3H» rea, zte BHTTe, K KperrOCTH JIbe)K 6hlJIa BbI,l.(annyra 3-» rrex. ,lI,UBU3H5Irea. )1(. Jleuaua, K xpenocrn Haxnop - 4-» nex. ,lI,HBH3UH rea, MHIIIeJIH. B COCTaBe apMHH K aToMY BpeMeHU TaJOKe,lI,eHCTBOBaJIH: -51(rea EeHKc), 2-51 (rea. ,llOCCH), 1 5-51 (ren. PYBC) H 6-» (ren. JIaHToHe nan Pone) ,1l;HBU3HlI. 06I1laH qHCJIeHUOCTb apsraa COCTaBHJIa 117 TbIC. qeJl. npn

312 Opy.n;H5IX, a C rapUH30HaMH xpenocreii - 175 ThIC. qeJI. B HOqb na 4 asr. repn. BOMcKa 6e3 06'h5lBJICU1I5I BOMUhI nepetuna rpanauy Bensrna. 'K BeqCpy 5 asr; repa, BOMCKa rro.n;OIIIJIH K JIlIUHH <pPOHTOBKperrOCTH JIhe)K. Ozmaxo nepssre aTaKH 6hIJIH OT6HThI, JIHIIIh na OKpaHHC 6hIJI cnan <pOPT Illaprpes, neJIbrHMCKaH apMH5I npmcpsrsana nanpannenae na npIOCCCJIh, 3aUHMaH py6e)K rro )l(cTe: 1-51, 2-51 H 5-51 nex. ,lI,HBH3HH - OT )l(0p,lJ.yaH5I ,lJ.0THpJIeMOHTa, KaB. ,lJ.HBH3H5I- Y ,llHecTa H Ienena, 2-51 H 6-51 ,lJ.HBH3UH-ua p. ,llHJIb, 4-51 - Y xpenocra Haxnop. 18 anr, apMH5I OTOlliJIa aa ,llHJIh. O,lJ.HOBpeMcHuo, H3-3a CHJIbHOrO ,lJ.aBJIeHH5I rrpOTHBUHKa H yrpossr orpesars apMHIO OT Anraepnena, A. OTztan nparcas 06 OTXO,lJ.e Anrsepneny 20 aar, apMH5I 3aU5IJIa 060K pony Y Aarsepneaa. 20 asr; repst. BOMCKa 3aU5IJIH npIOCCeJIb, aanpanna III peaepansni xopnyc ,lJ.JI5I 6JIOKHpOBaHIIa apMHH A B Anrnepnene. I10cJIe oTcTyrrJIeHH5I A cOXpaHHJI aa c060H: .KOMaH,1l;OBaHHe 6CJIbrHH:CKOH:apMUeH:, KOTOPaHrrepCIIIJIa B rrozrsnHeHHe <ppaHU. KOMaU,lJ.OBaHH5I K OKT. 3aH5IJIa <PPOlJTua Hsepe. H K aToMY BpeMeHH apMH5I COCT05lJIaH3 6,5 CJIa6bIX rrex. H 1 KaB. ,lJ.HBH3HH:.22.10.1914 repsr. BOH:CKa<POpcHpOBaJIH 113ep. 3TO rrpOH3BeJIO T>1)KeJIOeanesarneaae na A, KOTOPblM cran CKJIOH5ITbC5IK pCIIIeHHIo OTBeCTH6eJIbrHH:CKYIO apMHIO. O,lJ.HaKOrea. <D. <POUlY ynanocs y6e,lJ.HTh A. rrpO,lJ.OJI)KHThcorrpOTHBJIeHHe. 25 OKT. A rrpHH5IJI pemenne aarornrrs HH3MCHHhlH: 6eper Hsepa . BO,lJ.OH:, OTKphIB IIIJII03hI. 26 OKT. 6eJIhrHH:CKHe BOH:CKaOTOlliJIH, a 28 OKT. naxanocs 3aTOrrJIeHHe. K 31 OKT. HaBO,lJ.UCHHC pacnpoCTpaHHJIOCb na 12 KM, IIIHPHHOH: 5 KM H rJIy6HHOH: 1,2 M. B HOqh na 31 OKT. repu. BOH:CKa6hlJIH BhIHY)K,ll,euhl rrOKHHYTb JIeBhlH: 6eper Hsepa H soennsre ,1l;eH:CTBH5I aTOM paitone npexparnB JIHCb. K naxany 1915 6CJIbrHH:CKaH apMH5I pacnonaranacs na cesepnou KPbIJIe apMHH COI03UHKOB, BblIIIe Hnpa, Bo BPCM5I OCCHHCH:onepanan B Aprya (ceHT.-oKT. 1915) na apxnno A B03JIaranOCh aanecenae OTBJIeKaIOIllerO ynapa B paH:OHC,llHKCMIO,lJ.e, MeBIIIcro ueJIhIO CO,lJ.eH:CTBOBaTh H uacTyrrJICUHIO yztapnoii rpyrmnpomca (1-51 aHrJI. H 10-51 <ppauu. apMHH). K arrp. 1917 6eJIhrHH:CKaH apMH5I COCT05lJIa H3 6 rrex. H 2 KaB. ,lJ.HBH3HH:(c rrpH,lJ.aHHhIM XXXVI <ppaHn:. AK). Ee 3a.n;aqeH:6bIJIa 060poHa ysacrxa <ppoHTa OT Hsionopa ,lJ.0Hnpa II T.O. OHa He noxnziana repptrropaa CBOeH:CTpaHhI B reaenne BCeH:BOH:HbI.Ho B 191617 CKOJIbKO-HH6Y,lJ.h aKTHBHhIX ,lJ.eHCTBHH:apMH5I A. HC BeJIa.

22

23

K Hal.JaJIY1918 apMIUI, nOCJIenpnztanaa eM pana rppann, l.JaCTeM, 6bIJIa ztoseztena zro 12 nex. H 1 KaB. )lHBH3HM H 3aHHMaJIa ysacTOK OT nofiepezcsa zto paiiona cenepnee Hnpa, Ilepen 06Il1.HM HacTynJIeHHeM COI03HHKOBB nasane cenr. 1918 na ysacrxe Me)l()lY nooepezcsea H JhICOM nozr KOMaH)lOBaHHeM A. 6bIJIa paasepnyra rpynna apMHM «<DJIaH,lJ,pH5J~, COCTaBKOTOPOMBXO,lJ,HJIH B 12 nex. H 1 KaB. 6eJIbfHMCKHe ,lJ,HBH3HH,2-51 aHrJI. apMH5J (10 nex. )lHBH3HM), 7 nex. H 3 KaB. <ppaHlJ,.,lJ,HBH3HH.Hal.JaJIbHHKOM urrafia rpynnsr apMHM 6bIJI Ha3Hal.JeH <ppaHlJ,.ren. )1(. j(ezymm, KOTOPbIMH OCYIlJ,eCTBJI5JJI )leMCTBHTeJIbHOe KOMaH)lOBaHHe BOMCKaMH. IIo 06IlJ,eMY rIJIaHY KOMaH)lOBaHH5Jrpyrma apMHM ,lJ,OJIxora 6bIJIa HaHeCTH yzrap na Bprorre H B xozte onepanna oCB060,lJ,HTbTeppHTopHIO Bensrmr. 28 cenr. BOMCKa rpynnsr apMHM nepemnn B nacrynneaae K cesepy OT JIHca. ATaKa nponina ycrrenmo - 6bIJIH B35JTbI 1-51 H -racrr. 2-M repsr. n03HlJ,HM. B nOCJIe)lYIOIlJ,He )lHH aacrynnenae 6bIJIO npO,lJ,OJI)l(eHO,HO H3-3a nJIOXHX nOrO)lHbIX YCJIOBHM resmu ero 3Hal.JHTeJIbHO CHH3HJIHCb. B pe3YJIbTaTe HacTynJIeHH5J 6-51 repxr. apMH5J B YCJIOBH5JXco3,lJ,aBllIeMC5J yrpoasr OKpY)l(eHH5J B paiione Apaanrsepa 2 OKT. aasana OTXO,lJ, JIHHHH 3Hr<ppH,lJ,a. 14 OKT. rpynna apMHM BOC 306HOBHJIa nacrynnenae. K 20 OKT. BOMcKa OCB060,lJ,HJIHIerrr, 6 H05J6. repxr. KOMaH,lJ,OBaHHe Hal.JaJIOOTXO,lJ, Anrsepnen- Maaa aCCKYIOn03HlJ,HIO. OCYIlJ,eCTBJI5J5J npeCJIe,lJ,OBaHHe,BOMCKa A. K 11.11.1918 BbIllIJIH na noztcryrrsr K Aarsepneny H npIOCCeJIIO. 22.11.1918 A. ropacecrsenno BCTynHJI B npIOCCeJIb. IIo YCJIOBH5JMKoxmsencxoro rrepesmpaa Iepsramra B rexenae 2 neziens aBaKYHpOBaJIa TeppHTopHIO Bensran. IIocJIe BOMHbI A. nOJIb30BaJIC5J 60JIbllIHM aBTopHTeTOM H JII060BbIO HaCeJIeHH5J.YMep BO BpeM5J BOCXO)l()lenH5Jaa ropy. AJIb6peXT- MapH5J-AJIeKCan)lp-<DHJIHnnMaria- Alexander- Philip-Josef) (23.12.1865, Bena - 29.10.1939, AJIbTxaM3eH, oKpyr Caynray), repnor BiopTeM6eprcKHM, repu. renepan-rpensznrapnran (1.8.1916). Csur repuora <DHJIHnna, npe)lCTaBHTeJI5J 60KOBOM JIHnHH BIOpTeM6eprcKoro KOpOJIeBCKOro ,lJ,OMa. asr. 1883 npoaaneztea B JIeMB renaarsr 19-ro YJIaHCKOro nOJIKa, C 1891 xoxranzmp scxazrpona, C 1893 - 6aTaJIbOHa 119-ro rpenaztepcxoro nOJIKa. 24.1.1893 )l(eHHJIC5Jna MapHH-Co<PHH fa6c6ypr3plJ,replJ,OrHne ABCTPHMu

Hoaerp (Albrecht-

AJIb6PEXT,

>,

CKOM. C 1896 xoaanaap 119-ro rpeHa)lepCKOro nOJIKa, C OKT 1898 KOMaH)lHp 4-M rBap)leMCKOM KaB. 6pHra)lbI (IIOTC)laM), C cenr, 1900 KOMan)lHp 51- M nex. 6pHra)lbl (III TYTrapT) C aecnsr 1901 Hal.JaJIbnHK 26-M ,lJ,HBH3HH.C 24.9.1906 KOMan)lYIOIlJ,HM XI (KaCCeJIb), C 1908 - XIII AK. B 1914 nasnasea reaepan-nnc~ neKTopOM 6-M apMeMcKoM HHcneKlJ,HH C 2.8.1914 KOMan)lYloIlJ,HM4-M apMHeM (VI, VIII, XVIII AK, VIII, XVIII peaepsnue xopnyca H 49-51 JIaH)lBepna5J 6pHra)la; ncero 180 ThlC l.JeJI.H 646 OPY)lHM), pa3BepTbIBaBllIeMC5J B paiione )lHKHpx-JIloKceM6yprTPHP- Baztepn. APMH5J nacrynana B nanpaanenaa na 3nepne, BbIIIOJIH5J5JBcnoMOraTeJIbHYlo <PYHKlJ,HIO.K 20 anr, apMH5J A. BbIllIJIa na py6e)l( Eacrons=Arrep, 3aTeM 3aH5JJIa <pponT OT MOnMe)lH ,lJ,0Messepa. 21 asr. A. na-ran nacrynnenae Q6Il1.HM aanpaanenaea na HeBllIaTO. B xone cpaxceuna B Apztennax B 605JX na Cexrya (22.8.1914), HeCMOTp5J na npeBOCxO)lCTBO <ppaHlJ,. BOMCK, nanec HM nopaxeaae, 3aCTaBHB orcrynarr. K 24 anr; K Maacy. 27 asr, nOJIyqHJI aaztasy uacrynars sepea PeMMc aa 3nepHe. B xozte Mapncxoro cpaacemor (5-12 cenr, 1914) nOJIyqHJI aaaasy nacrynars B IO)l(nOM H IorO-BOCTOl.JHOM nanpas-Jlenmlx. TIepBOnal.JaJIbHO HMeJI ycnex B paiioae POBHHbH, no nOCJIe BblliY)l()lennoro OTXO,lJ,a 1-M H 2-M apMHM 11 cenr, ornen cDOH BQMCKana cenep. Bo BpeM5JCpa)l(eHH5JBO <DJIan)lpHH (OKT. 1914) BOMcKaM A. rropyxeno nacryrinenae na 35-KM <ppoHTe OCTeH,lJ,e-M3Hen (na JIHce), ,lJ,JI5J xero B apsono nepenano 4 CBe)l(HX xopnyca. HaHOCHJI rJIaBnbIil Y)lap y Hnpa (npornn aHrJI. apMHH), BcnoMOraTeJIbHbIM - aa Hsepe (nporas 6eJIbrHMCKoM apMHH). Hal.JaJI nacrynneaae 20 OKT.; onepzcan naH60JIbllIHM ycnex aa yxacrrce ,llHKcMIO)l-l1np, rrorecnas rpynny ren, A. j(106aWlJl. B nonoce aHrJI. BOMCKnacrynnemre ycnexosr He yseal.JaJIOCb 22 OKT. apMH5J A. <pOpcHpOBaJIa 113ep H aaxpennnacs na JIeBOM6epery. Ozmaxo nOCJIe3aTOnJIeHH5J6eJIbfHMlJ,aMH npasoro 6epera Hsepa BblliY)l()len 6blJI OTBeCTHBoMCKa. B pe3YJIbTaTe cpaacenae <paKTHl.JeCKH 3aKOHl.JHJIOCb 6e3pe3YJIbTaTno. PyKOBO)lHJI nacryrraenaex y Hnpa, Hal.JaBllIHMC5J B KOHlJ,e anp. 1915. BOMcKa, naXO)lHBllIHeC5J non KOMaH)lOBaHHeM A., nnepnsre - 22.4.1915 - npe,lJ,npHH5JJIH ra30BYIO aTaKY (OT xnopa yMepJIO CB. 5 TbIC. l.JeJI.); XXVI AK 3an5JJI JIaHrepMapK H TIHJIbKeH, BbIllIeJI K 113epcKoMY KaHaJIY. O,lJ,HaKOH3-3a OTCYTCTBH5J esepp BOB, A. ne cwor pa3BHTb ycnex. UenOM 60JIbllIHX noreps A. B

24

25

605IX 26 anp. - 12 Ma5I paCIIIHpHJI rrpopsm no q)JIanraM, HO ztocrarayts nepsoaasansao nOCTaBJIeHHOH3MaqH - saxaara 113epcxoro KaHaJIa no Hnpa BKJIIOqHTeJInHO - He Yll:aJIOCb. 22.8.1915 aarpaxnea opneaosr Pour Ie Merite. Bo 2-H nOJIOBHHe 191516 apMH5I A. 3aHHMaJIa OTHOCHTeJIbHOcnoKoHHbIH yxacrox npoTHB aHrJI. H 6eJIbrHHCKoH apMHH. 3a STO BpeM5I apMH5I 6bIJIa 3HaqHTeJIbHO oCJIa6JIeHa H3-3a nepe6pocKH HaH60JIee 60ecnoC06HbIX qaCTeH na 60JIee aKTHBHble HanpaBJIeHH5I. C 25.2.1917 rJIaBHOKOMaHll:YloIIIHH -srpyrmsr apMHH repnora A.JIb6peXTa1> (c 11.11.1918 - rpynna apMHH «D1», neiicreoaasureii na JIeBOM KPbIJIe repu. rppoara (OT Bepnena zto rpannusr IIIBeHQapHH). B 1918 era rpynna apMHH B COCTaBe 19-H apMHH, apaencxnx rpyrm «A1> H «B1> (scero 26,5 ll:HBH3HH), 3aHHMa5I <pPOHT OT M03eJI5I no IIIBeHQapCKOH rpaannu, nrpana B OCHOBHOMscnoMOraTeJIbHYIO POJIb. B 1918 A. 06b5IBJIeH O<PHQHaJIbHbIMnacnenHHKOM KOPOJI5I Biopresrriepra BHJIbreJIbMa II, He HMeBillero np5IMbIX nOTOMKOB (nOCJIell:OBaTeJIbHO yraCJIH 4 JIHHHH BIOPTeM6eprcKora ztosra), 23.12.1918 BbIIIIeJI B OTCTaBKY KaK ripenCTaBHTeJIb KOpOJIeBCKOra ll:OMa. Bo BpeM5I peBOJIIOQHH B qHCJIe ztpyrnx npeztcraanreneii BJIMeTeJIbHbIX repsr. ll:OMOB ero pozt 6bIJI mnnen npeCTOJIa. A. OTOilleJI OT aKTHBHOH ll:e5ITeJIbHOCTH H C 1921 :>KHJI CBoeM 3aMKe. B (Alfieri) BHTTOPHO (1863, Ilepyztxca - 1918, HTaJI. reaepan. B 1881 rrocryrran B neXOTY MJIall:IIIHM JIeHTeHaHTOM. OKOHqHJI BoeHHYIO axaztevmo H B 1889 6bIJI nepesezten B reHIIITa6. B 1900-05 npenonaaarens TaKTHKH B BoeHHoH aKMeMHH. B 1908-11 HaqaJIbHHK orzte.na Boeanoro MHHHCTepCTBa. B 1911-13 KOMaHll:OBaJI KOJIOHHaJIbHbIM xopnycoxr B I1TaJIb5IHcKOM COMaJIH. IIocJIe naxana MHpOBOH BOHHbI C asr. 1915 no anp. 1916 3aHHMaJI nOCT renepanHHTeHll:aHTa HTaJI. apMHH, 3aTeM - renepansnsni KOMHccap no nonpocaa cHa6:>KeHH5I H 3aMeCTHTeJIb soennoro MHHHcrpa. IIocJIe nOpa:>KeHW5IHTaJI. apMHH npn Kanoperro CMeHHJI ren. !1J1CapdU1l0na nOCTY noenaoro MHHWCTpa, aKTHBHO BbIcrynan aa 3aMeHY rea. JI. Kaooptu« rea. A.!1uaupM. B anp. 1918 naanaxea KOMaHll:UpOM XXVI AK, C KOTOPbIM yqaCTBOBaJI B 605IX BB cpeznren TeqeUHH IIb5IBe. T5I:>KeJIo 3a60JIeJI H CKOHqaJIC5I He3MOJIrO no KOHQa BOHHbI.

AMA.ll

(d'Amade)

AJIb6ep-)I(epap-JIeo

ll:' (24.12.1856,

.
, , ,

AJIbcI>HEPH

Mecrp),

r.

TyJIy3a - 11.11.1941, Cl>poH3aK, )l(wpOHll:a), <ppaHQ.ll:HBH3HOHUbIH renepan (9.10.1908). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B CeH"CHPCKOH BoeHHoH IIIKOJIe. B cy6-JIeHTeHaHTbI npOH3~ell:eH B 1874 B aJI:>KHpCKHe soiicxa. B 1876 nepesezten B 3-H nOJIK AJI:>KHPCKHX CTpeJIKOB, ll:HCJIOQHpoBaHHbIH B KOHcTaHTHHe. C 1881 CJIY:>KHJI 143-M, C 1885 - B 108-M nex. nOJIKy. ~ 1~84 B opzronanc-orpanep npn BoeHHOM MHHHCTpe. OKOHqHJI AKa,lleMlfIO reHIIITa6a. YqaCTIIHK TOHKHHCKOH SKCnell:~QHH 1886, o<PHQep IIITa6a 2-H 6pHra,l(bI. B 1887-91 BoeHUbIH arrame B KHTae. 3aTeM CJIY:>KHJI 11-M nex. nOJIKy. KOMaUll:OBaJI 6aTaB )JbOHOM 18-ro nex. nOJIKa. BnOCJIell:CTBHH nepenezten B Ieanrrafi, rzte B03rJIaBHJI aHrJI. CeKQHIO 2-ro 6IOpO. Bo BpeM5I aHrJIO-6YPCKOH BOHUbI 1899-1902 COCT05IJI npn reHeyaJIxnaprnpaeacrepe aHrJI. apMHH. B 1901-04 BoeHHbIH arTame B JIOH,llOue. B 1905-07 KOMaH,llHp 77-ro nex. nOJIKa. B 1907 nanpannen B BOHcKa, pacxaapraponauuste B Mapoxxo. C cenr. 1909 HaqaJIbHHK 9-H nex. ,llHBH3HH B Opneane. C 25.1.1912 KOMaU,llHp XIII, C 18.6.1912 - VI AK. 25.4.1914 asenea B COCTaB Bucurero soenuoro COBeTa. B nasane BOHUbI 17.8.1914 B03rJIaBHJI rpynny H3 4 TeppHTopHaJIbHbIX zmBH3HH (60 TbIC. xen., 96 0PYll:HH), ,lleHCTBoBaBIIIYIO B rrozroce 5-n apMHH reu. III. Jlanpesaxa. Bo BpeM5I IIpHrpauHqHoro CproKeHH5I 1914 rpynna A. 3aHHMaJIa paaon OT BaJIaHCbeHa no MopCKoro notiepeacsa H HMeJIa aaztaxy nperpaznrrs nyrs repx. KaBaJIepHH. YcneUIHO ,llenCTBOBaJI BO BpeM5I Cpa:>KeHH5I aa Mapne H 3apeKOMeH,llOBaJI ce65I peIIIHTeJIbHbIM H HHHQHaTHBHbIM KOMaH,llHpoM. 24.2.1915, xorzta 6bIJIa rrpennpnnara SKcne,llHIlH5I B jlapll:aHeJIJIbI, A. naaaasen KOMaH,llHpOM BocTOqHOrO SKCnell:HQHOHHoro xopnyca, T.e. rppann. aoiicx, BXO,llHBIlIHX B COCTaB aHrJIO-<ppaHQ. xopnyca rea. 51. Iauunumoua. Bsrcaznca na raJIJIHnOJIHHCKHH nOJIyocTPOB nposezrena 25.4.1915. OnepaU;H5I pa3BHBaJIaCb neyzta-mo, a B KOHQe Ma5I A. no 60JIe3HH B03BpaTHJIC5I BO <DpaHQHIO (14.5.1915 na ero MeCTO 6bIJI uasnaxen ren, A. Iupo). B 1915 naanasen B coCTaB BoeHHon MHCCHH B POCCHH. B 1916 reHepaJI-HHCneKTop XIII, XIVH XVBO, B 1917-19 KOMaHll:YIOmHH X BO. C 1919 B pesepne. B 1925 aarpaxnen DOJIbllIHM xpecrou opnena

Iloxeruoro

JIerHOHa.

26

. ,

27
\

KOHCTaHTHH Ieopre (1861, OCHa - ?), PYMbIHCKHH. ,n:HBH3HOHHblH.reuepan. KOMaH,n:oBaJI PYMbIHCKHMH BOH.CKaMHna lore CTpaHbI. B anr, 1916 ero apMH5I 6blJIa paarposorena repMaHO-6oJIrapO-TypeU;KHMH BOH.CKaMHna )lYHae B Cpa)KeHH5IX npa ll)KHp,n:)Ke H OJITeHHTe.

AHACTACHA,l(E (Anastasiade)

IICTopIIKo-reHeaJIOrIIqeCKOrO rrpeztceztarens Isapnejicxoro

06IIJ;eCTBa BO <DpaHI~IIII. C 1947 06be,n:IIHeHII5I.

AH.nPEM BJIA,lJ;HMHPOBHq (2.5.1879, Ilapcxoe CeJIo -,30.10.1956, Ilaprc«, <DpaHU;II51), BeJIHKHH. KH5I3b, pyC. renepaJI-MaH.Op CBHTbl (15.8.1915). CbIH BeJIHKOrO KH5I351BJIa,n:HMHpa Anexcanzrposn-ra, 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI non Ha6JIlo,n:eHIleM anrycreiinnrx pomrreneji, a TaK)Ke B MHXaH.JIOBCKOM apr, )"I HJIHIIJ;e, xoropoe OKOnqHJI B 1902. 25.11.1895 3aqHCJIen na noennyio CJIY)K6y H 2.5.1898 rrponaaenen B rronrropy-mxn. C 1899 cpJIHreJIb-a,n:bIOTaHT. B 1908 OKOHqHJI Anexcaanpoacxyro aoenno-ropamrsecxyro aKa,n:eMHIOno 1-MY pa3p5l,n:y H 28.5.1908 6blJI 3aqHCJIeH no BoeHHo-cy,n:e6noMY Be,n:oMcTBY. C 19.6.1905 no 23.4.1906 6blJI npHqHCJIeH K AJIeKcan,n:poBCKOH.aoeaao-iopa,n:HqeCKOH. aKa,n:eMHu,n:JI5Inepeaozros nnocrpanasrx soeano-yroJIOBHblX YCTaBOB. 18.4.1910 nponaaenea B nOJIKOBHIIKII II 29.8.1910 aasaaxen KOMaH,n:IIpoM 5-H. fiarapea JIeH.6-rBap,n:IIII xonno-apr. 6pIIra,n:bl. C 8.7.1911 no 26.2.1914 KOMan,n:OBaJI 6-H. JIeH.6-rBap,n:1I1I llOnCKOH. Ka3. Ero BeJIHqeCTBa 6aTapeeH.. C 2.3.1911 cenarop. C naxana BOH.Hbl COCT05lJInpn Ienurraoe. C 7.5.1915 KOMan,n:YlOIIJ;IIH.JIeH.6-rnap,n:IIII KOnHOH. apTlIJIJIeplIeH.. 3.4.1917, B qIICJIe ztp. qJIeHOB MMnepaTOpCKOH. cpaMIIJIHII, 6blJI YBOJIeHOT CJIY)K6bl «no npOllIeHIIIO~ C MyH,n:HPOM.Bo BpeM5I OKT5I6pbCKOH. peBOJIlOU;1I1IHaxo,n:IIJIC5IC srarepsio B KHCJIOBO,n:CKe. B KOHu;e zteic, 1919 yexan H3 KIICJIOBo,n:cKa II 4.1.1920 npa6blJI B HOBOPOCCHH.CK,a -repes 1,5 MeC5Iu;a ua cppanu;. xopatine 3BaKYIIpOBaJIC5I 3a rpanany, 30.1.1921 B Kannax )KeHIIJIC5I na 6aJIepIIHe M.<D. KllIeCIIHCKOH. (KOTOP0H. BeJIIIKIIH. Kn5l3b KHpHJIJI BJIa,n:lIMHPOBlIq nO)KaJIOBaJI 30.11.1926 THTyJI KH5IrIIHII KpaCIIHCKOH., a 28.7.1935 -CBeTJIeH.llIeH. KH5IrIInII POMaHOBCKOH.KpaCHHCKOH.). B 1924-32 COCT05lJInpencenarenea COBeIIJ;anH5I no sonpocax 06 YCTp0H.CTBe MMnepaTOpCKOH. POCCHH, C03,n:aHHOM npa KHpHJIJIe BJIa,n:IIMlIpOBlIqe. C 1925 51BJI5IJIC5I no-rernblM npeztcenarexen COIo3a II3MaH.JIOBu;eB; 6blJI nOqeTnblM npeacenareneu 06IIJ;eCTBa B3aHMOnOMOIIJ;H odmuepos JIeH.6raapztaa KOHIIOH. apTHJIJIepIIH B Ilapazce H npeacenarenesr Pyc.
28

KOM nrraria 2-H. apMIIH. C 23.3.1917 KOMaHAOBaJI 4-H. apMHeH. B IIlaMnaHH. Bo BpeM5I Anpenscaoro HacTynJIeHII5I rea, P. HUeeJlR apMII5I A. AeH.CTBOBaJIaB COCTaBerpyrmsi apMIIH. Ilenrpa II AOJI)KHa 6bIJIa nacrynars Me)K,l{y PeH.MCOMII peKOH.Cronrm B narrpasJIeHIIII na ATTIIHbII. 17 anp. rrepenren B nacrynnenne II 3axBaTIIJI B03BblllIeHnOCTb K tory OT MOpOnBIIJIJIepa, qTO CTa1JO e,n:IIHCTBeHHbIM,n:OCTH)KenHeM apMHH. 15.6-21.12.1917 KOMaH,n:YIOIIJ;HH.l-H. apMIIeH.. Bo 2-H. nOJIOBHHe 1917 apMII5I nrpana B ocnOBHOM nacCIIBHylO POJIb, A. BbIIIOJIHAA MHCCHIOno Koop,n:IIuaU;IIII ,n:eH.CTBIIH. aHrJI. II 6eJIbrIIH.CKOH.apMIIH. na Cesepe. YcnellIUO nO,l{Aep)KHBaJI anrn, BOH.CKaBO BpeM5I3-ro CpaiKeHH5I na Hnpe, B H05l6. 1917 A. naanaxen UaqaJIbHIIKOM nrratia rea, <D. Ilemsua. DJHI)KaH.llIlIH. corpyznrax ren, Ilersaa. B HIOJIe 1918 nOCJIe repa, nacrynnenna B paaone Meua H 3H nOTep5lJI CBOH.nOCT.

AHTYAH (Anthoine) <DpaHcya-iloJib (28.2.1860, JIe Mane, Capre - 1944, Ilapaxc), cppanu;. ,l{lIBII3HOHnblH. reaepan (H05l6. 1915). B nasane BOH.nbl A. 3aHHMaJI nOCT aaaansnnxa urraoa ren, H. Kacmensno. C 1915 KOMaH,n:OBaJI xopnycou II 6blJI naxansan-

AOCTA, CM. 3AWllY3JW-([JU/lu6epmo. APAqHq BYKoMau (10.5.1850, JIaHIIJ;Te non Cseroaaposoa - 25.2.1915, Y)KHu;a), cep6CKIIH. renepan (1.11.1913). B 1874 nocrynnn B apr. llIKOJIY B Benrpane. Bo BpeM5I cepficxo-ryp. BOH.HbI 1877 -78 6bIJI HaqaJIblIHKOM nrra6a 5IroAIIHCKOH. 6pIIra,n:bl.B 1880-82 CJIY)KIIJI B nrrafie HH)K. BOH.CK,B 1885 nepesezteu B Iemnrati. Bo BpeM5I cep6CKO-60JIrapCKOH. BOH.Hbl 1885 aasansHIIK llITa6a llpIInCKOH. AHBH3HR. Ilocne BOH.lIbI 3alIIIMaJI nocrsr HaqaJIbHIIKa urrafia ,n:IIBH3IIII, nOMOIIJ;HIIKa HaqaJIbUHKa IenurTa6a, nporpeccopa BOeI-IHOH. aKa,n:eMIIII, OAIIH II3 6JII-l)KaHllIIIX COTPYAHIIKOB P. Ilumuuxa. Bo BpeM5I DaJIKaHCKIIX BOIilI 191213 KOMan,n:OBaJITJlMOqCKOH. ,nJlBH3JlOHlIOH. 06JIaCTblo. Bo npeM5I MHPOBOH.BOH.Hbl KOMaHAOBaJI 2-H. THMOqCKOll ,n:IIBH3HeH. B paiione IIIa6aua. B xozte Konytiapcxoro Cpa)KeUH5I KOMaH,n:oBaJI Y)KHU;KHM BOllCKOM, ,nellcTBY51 na HanpaBJIeHHH Bsnuerpazr - Y)KHu;a.
29

APXAHfEJIbCKHfi Anexceil IleTpOBH'I (5.3.1872 2.11.1959, BpIOCCeJIb, Bexsraa), pyc. renepan-nearenaar (24.8.1917). 06pa30BaHHe nony-mn B 3-M ¥eKcaH.ZJ:pOBCKOM ysanaute H HHKOJIaeBcKoii: aKa,zJ;eMHHfeHIIITa6a. Bsmyurea B JIeii:6-rBap.ZJ:HH BOJIbIHCKHii: nOJIK. C MaH 1900 crapuraii azrsroTaHT IlITa6a VI AK. 28.9.1901 nepeaezten B fJIaBHblii: IIITa6 CTOJIOHaqaJIbHHKOM, C 16.02.1902 MJIa,zJ;IIIHii:.ZJ:eJIOnpOH3Bo.ZJ:HTeJIb KaHlleJIHpHH Boeaao-yxeaoro KOMHTeTa, a C 1.5.1903 BHOBb CTOJIOHaqaJIbHHK. C 15.12.1904 COCTOHJIB qHCJIe .ZJ:Byxurratiorpauepos Ieaurrada npa fJIaBHOM IlITa6e. 15.10.1906.ZJ:eJIonPOH3BO.ZJ:HTeJIb 06HJIH3aIIHoHHoro OT.ZJ:eJIa M Drasnoro IlITa6a (c 14.4.1909 roro sce OT.ZJ:eJIa fYfIII). 28.3.1909 A BHOBb nepese.ZJ:eH fJIaBHblii: IIITa6: HaqaJIbHHK OT.ZJ:eJIeHHH, 19.9.1910 noB C MOmHHK ztexcypnoro renepana. C HaqaJIOM BOii:HbI A 24.7.1914 6bIJI aaanasen H..ZJ: . .ZJ:e:>KypHoro renepana fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a H ocTaBaJICR aa STOM nOCTY nOqTH BCIOBoii:HY. Ilocne <I>eBpaJIbCKoii: peBOJIIOIIHH 5.4.1917 YTBep)f(.ZJ:eH .ZJ:OJI:>KHOCTH, B a erne xepea 12 .ZJ:Heii: aanasea .ZJ:e:>KypHbIM a renepanoa npa Bepxoaacsr rJIaBHOKOMaH.ZJ:YIOmeM. 9.5.1917 nOCTaBJIeH BO rnaae fJIaBHOrO IlITa6a. Ilocze npHXO.ZJ:a BJIaCTH 60JIbIIIeBHKoB A npo.ZJ:OJI)l(aJI CK H nOJIHHTb CBOH 06H3aHHocTH.ZJ:0 8.12.1917, xorzta 6bIJI npHHHT na CJIY:>K6yB PKKA H naanaxea HaqaJIbHHKOM ynpaBJIeHHH no KOMaH.ZJ:HoMY cocrany fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a (c MaH 1918 - BceporJIaBIIITa6a PKKA). Iloazrepzcasan CBH3b C nO.ZJ:nOJIbHbIM HaIIHOHaJIbHbIM IIeHTpoM, snroro c.ZJ:eJIaJI .ZJ:JIH OTnpaBKH o<pHIIepoB H3 nO.ZJ:KOHTPOJIhHbIX 60JIbIIIeBHKaM paiionoa B ,ll06POBOJIbqeCKyIO apMHIO. ITocJIe 6erCTBa csoero nOMOmHHKa rea. H.H. CTOrona, A non yrposoa pa306JIaqeHHR B cear, 1918 CKPbIJICR H K <peBp. 1919 cxror .ZJ:06paThcH .ZJ:O sanaroro 6eJIhIMH apMHHMH Exarepanonapa, ITo codcrsenaoa npocsfie A 6bIJI npeztan BOenno- nOJIeBOMY CY.ZJ:Y CJIY:>K6yy 60JIbllIeBHKoB) H onpasnan. (aa 26.2-14.05:4919 COCTOHJIB pesepse qHlfOB rrpn rJIaBIIOKOMan.ZJ:YIOmeM BCIOP. C 14.5.1919 qJIeH KOMHCCHH no paccxorpeHHIO npe.ZJ:cTaBJIeIIHii: K narpaaasr H 0 npOH3BO.ZJ:CTBerpanepos o H KJIaCCHbIX qHnOB, C 3.6.1919 O.ZJ:IIOBpeMeHHO nOMOmHHK naqaJIhHHKa Otinrero OT.ZJ:eJIa Boennoro ynpaBJIeHHH BCIOP. 20.4.1920- aaanaxen .ZJ:e)l(ypHhIMrenepanoxr urratia Pyc. apMHH. Cpaay nOCJIe 3BaKyaIIHH H3 Kpsrsra (1920) A naaaasen naxansHHKOM OT.ZJ:eJIeUHHIHqUOrO COCTaBa nrraoa rJIaBHOKOMaIi.ZJ:YIOJ
30

utero Pyc. apMl1eii: (.ZJ:01926). 14.10-1.11.1926 H..ZJ:. nOMOmHHKa HaqaJIbHHKa nrrafia Pyc. apMHI1. Ilocne pacrpopaaposaaaa apMHH B HOH6. 1926 A B 1927 nepeexan B neJIbrHIO; npeztcenaTeJIb 06meCTBao<pHIIepoB Ienurrafia a BeJIhrHH (c 1927), Ofrse,llHHeHHH JIeii:6-rBap.ZJ:I1H BOJIbIHCKOro nOJIKa, OO'be.ZJ:HHeHHH o(pHIIepOB raapzteiicxoa neXOTbI 11 JIell:6-rBap.ZJ:HH BOJIbIHCKOro DOJIKa B BeJIbrHH, Iaapneiicxoro oomecrna, ,llo 3.7.1931 naxansHMK Pyc. cnoprnsnoii .ZJ:PY)l(HHbI neJIQrHH. IToCJIe pH.ZJ:a KaHB C .llanOB B POBC (B r.tr. y6Hll:CTBa arearaxm HKB,ll Afl. KYTenOB a H nOXHmeHHH E.K. Mannepa) A 20.3.1938 BCTynHJI B ,llOJI:>KHOCTbpe.ZJ:ce.ZJ:aTeJIH BC, CTaBT.O.PYKOBO.ZJ:HTeJIeM n PO pyc. 6eJIoii: BOeHHOll: 3MHrpaIIHH. 27 2.1957 rrepeztan nOCT rrpeztceztaTeJIH POBC rea. AA <pOHJIaMne.

APU

CPOH

llITPAYCCEHBYPf (Arz von Straussenburg)

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ApTYP (16.6.1857, Iepnanurrazrr, TpaHCHJIhBaHHH - 1.~.1935, BY.ZJ:aneIlIT, Benrpna), 6apoH (1917), aBCTpO-BeHfepCKHH renepan-nOJIKOBHHK (9.2 1918) 113 npesnero caKCOHCKoro .ZJ:BOPHHcxoro pO.ZJ:a, ocesurero B Ceuarpaase: ero .ZJ:e.ZJ: MapTHH APII B 1835 nOJIyqHJI npaao HMeHOBaTbCH «APII <pOH Illrpayccen6ypr~. CbIH eBaHreJIHqeCKOrO CBHmeHHHKa. IToCJIe OKOHqaHHH eaanrenn-recxoii rHMHa3HH B Iepssannrrazrre H IOpH.ZJ:HqeCKoro yqHJIHma B 1878 nocTynHJI.ZJ:06pOBOJIbIIeM B ~3-ll: searepcxaii erepcxmi 6aTaJIbOH, 1.5.1878 npoH3Be.ZJ:eHB JIeHTeHaHThI. OKOH'IHJI AKa,zJ;eMHIo Iennrraoa H B 1887 3aqHCJIeH B Iennrrao, CJIY~HJI B BOJIhllIOM Iemurafie, nrraoe II AK, 6bIJI a.ZJ:'bIOTaHTOM renepan-aucrtexropa BOll:CK <peJIb.ZJ:1lell:XMell:CTepa6apoHa IIIeH<peJIb.ZJ:a. onsnraa xacrs ero CJIY)l(6hI nponina B pa3JIHqHhIX B nrrafiax, 6bIJI 6JIH3KO 3HaKOM C 3pIIrepIIorOM E6ZellUeM. C MaH 1903 no HOH6. 1908 nredi PYKoBo.ZJ:Hmero 6IOpO Ieaurrafia H naqaJIhHHK ceKIIHH Boeanoro MHHHCTepCTBa. C HOR6. 1908 KOMaH.ZJ:Mp61-ll:nex.6pHrMbI,canp.1912-15-ll:nex . .ZJ:HBH3HH~B anp. 1913 - cenr. 1914 HaqaJIbHHK Boennoro nenaprauenra MHHHcTepcTBa). YqaCTHHK cpazcenaa npa Koxiapone. 7.9.1914 nOJIyql1JI B KOMaH.ZJ:OBaHl1e AK B apMHH rea. A. Zlanxn», C VI KOTOPbIM npHHHJI yxacrae B BoeHHbIX .ZJ:ell:CTBHHXozr JII1MaHOn BhIM-JIanaHYBhIM (.ZJ:eK.1914), rzte TaK)I(e B03rJIaBJIHJI npaasni <pJIaHr apMHH. C nOH6. 1914 no anp. 1915 PYKOBO.ZJ:HJI cexropoxr <ppoHTa B paiione fOPJIlIIIbI. B HHB. 1915 rrozt ero KOMaH.ZJ:OBa31

HHe C<pOpMHpOBaIfa apsreiicxa» rpyrrrra, B COCTaBKOTOPOHBOIlIJIH VI, IX (<peJIb.ZJ.MapllIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT P. KpaJIHqeK) AK H ronBe,n;HCUi pyrma <PeJIh.l(MapllIaJI-JIeHTeHaHTa Baprensaa, B Mae r 1915 xopnyc nomen B COCTaB11-H repsr. apMHH ren, A. <pOHMaxenseua H rrpHHR:JI asizraiomeeca y-racrne B npopsme pyc. <ppoHTa B [aJIH[(HH Y [opJIH[(e- Tapnos (MaH 1915), a 3aTeM BO B3R:THHKperrOCTH npecT-JIHToBcK (aar, 1915). BHIoHe 1916 ero xopnyc (12-R: rrex. H 39-R: rOHBe,n;HCUi ,n;HBH3HH) nonec TR:)KeJIhIe nopaacenaa BO BpeMR: T.H. Bpycanoscxoro npopsma H B HIOJIe 6hIJI yxpennea CPOqHO nepeoponrenaoa crozta 39-H repxr. rrex. ,n;HBH3HeH rea. <pOH Onnensn- Bpoaaxoscxoro. l10cJIe 06bR:BJIeHHR: PYMhlHHeH 14.8.1916 BOHHhI ABCTPO- BeHrpHH A. 16.8.1916 naanasen KOMaH,n;YIOll{HM 1-H apMHeH B'TpaHCHJIhBaHHH, pa3BepHYToH B paiioae Mapour-Bamaprenn. IlepsonaqaJIhHO B COCTaBeapMHH qHCJIHJIOCh TOJIhKO OK. 10 ThIC. xen., H caM A. Ha3hIBaJI ce6R: «KOMaH,n;YIOll{HM 6e3 apMHH~. APMHa BOIlIJIa B COCTaBrpynrrsr repsr, ren, 3. <pOH C/JaJlbKelllaUlla H ,n;OJI)KHa 6hIJIa BMeCTe C 9-H repxr. apMHeH, <pOpcHpoBaTh nepeaansr TpaHCHJIhBaHCKHx Ansn, nepecess rpamnty BaJIaXHH H nonaep)KaTh HaHOCHBIllYIO OCHOBHOH yztap .lrYHaHcKYIo apMHIO rea, MaKeH3eHa. 15(28) asr, PYMhIHCKHe BOHcKa, noztaepacaaasre qaCTR:MH 9-H pyc. apMHH, HaqaJIH nacrynneaae B TpaHCHJIhBaHHH. Oznraxo scxope nonysnamae nozncpenneaae ascrpo-repsr. qaCTH OCTaHOBHJIH nacrynnenne. K cenr, 1916 B COCTaBapMHH A. BXO,n;HJITOJIhKO VI AK (<peJIb.ZJ.MapllIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT <pOH<1>a6HaHH), a TaK)Ke 71-R: rrex., 39-R: ronnenaaa H 99-R: repv. rrex. ,n;HBH3HH. Hacru nozt KOMaH,n;OBaHHeM A. rrpHHR:JIH yxacrne B HacTyrrJIeHHH B TpaHCHJIhBaHHH; o,n;HOBpeMeHHO KOMaH,n;OBaJI <pJIamOM rpyrmsr apMHH «~aJIhKeHraHH~. K HOR:6. 1916 B coCTaBe apMHH Y)Ke ,n;eHcTBOBaJIH VI H XXI (<peJIh,n;MapllIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT <pOH JIIOTreH,n;op<p) AK, a TaK)Ke rpyrrrra rea, <pOH IIlTeHHa (1-R: KaB. H 7 -R: rrex. aacrpo-aesrepcxne ,n;HBH3HH H 8-R: 6aBapcKCUi peaepsnaa ,n;HBH3HR:). 1.3.1917, rrOCJIe OTCTaBKH ren. <1>.Koupaoa rjJOll Iemueuaoptpa, naana-rea HaqaJIhHHKOM l10JIeBOrO [eHIlITa6a npa rJIaBHOKoMaH,n;YIOll{eM Kapne l. <1>aKTHqeCKH B03rJIaBHJI PYKOBO,n;CTBO aBCTpo-BeHrepcKHMH BOHCKaMH. CTapaJICR: YCTaHoBHTh 60JIhillee e,n;HHCTBOC repx. BepXOBHhIM KOMaH,n;OBaImeM, HO BCTpeTHJI nporaaoaeiicraae KaK B npazmopnux (ocooenno co CTOPOHhI axmeparpansr UI1ThI), 32

TaK H B rrapJIaMeHTCKHx xpyrax, PyKOBO,n;HJIapMHeH BO BpeMR: pyc. nacrynnenaa JIeTOM 1917. B Mae 1917 aBCTpO-BeHrepCKHe BOHCKa rrpOBeJIH ycnenmyio onepanaro na HTaJIhR:HCKOM TBjl, onnaxo B CBR:3HC TR:)KeJIhIMrrOJIO)KeHHeM A. npmnen K BhIBO,n;y, qTO aacrpo-searepcxae qaCTH MOryT BeCTH ycnemnue ,n;eHcTBHR: TOJIhKOnpa YCJIOBHHHX rrOMep)KKH repxr. BoHCKaMH. 25 asr, 06paranca K repsr. KOMaH,n;OBanHIOC npocsooa 0 HarrpaBJIeHHH ztorrOJIHHTeJIhHhIXKOHTHHreHTOBna HTaJIhR:HCKHH<PPOHT.epMaHHR: [ rranpasnna 7 ,n;HBH3HH,xoropsre BMeCTe C 8 ascrpo- BeHrepCKHMI1 ,n;HBH3HaMH 06pa30BaJIH 14-10 repxr, apMHIO rea. O. <pOHEeJl08a. B pe3YJIhTaTe nposeneaaoro 24 OKT. - 29 HOR:6.Cpa)KeHHR:y Karroperro HTaJIhR:HCKCUiapMHR: 6hIJIa paarpoxorena H na <pponTe HacTyrrHJIO aarmnse. K HaqaJIY 1918 KpH3HC ABCTPO- Bearpna YCHJIHJICR:,HCTOll{HJIHCh soeaasre H JIIo,n;CKHe pecypcsr, IlIHpOKHe MacllITa6hI rrpHnR:JIO zteaeprnpcrno H MaCCOBaR: cnasa B rtnen. B 1918 OCHOBnhIM TB.ll ,n;JIR:ascrpo-nenrepcxoii apMHH CTaJI H TaJIhR:nCKHH, me ABCTPO- BeHrpHR: cocpezroroxana OK. 60 ,n;HBH3HHnpa 7,5 ThIC. opyztaii. 14 aar, A. BMeCTe C HMrreparopoxr KapJIOM I H MHHHCTPOM HnOCTpaHHhIX zten C. BypnanOM rrpH6hIJI B Crra (Iepvaaaa), rae BhIcTyrrHJI B rrOMep)KKY naxana MHpHhIX neperosopoa C COI03nHKaMH. Pa3JIO)KenI1e apMHH B HTaJIHH ,n;OCTHrJIOcsoero rrpezrena: 25 OKT. senrepcxae qaCTH rrOKHHYJIH <pPOHTnon npezrnoroxr He06xo,n;I1MOCTH sannrThI Benrpaa, 28 OKT. OK. 30 ,n;HBH3HHOTKa3aJIHCh Cpa)KaThCR:.28 OKT. ascrpo-aenrepcxae qaCTH HaqaJIH orcrynnenae. 27 OKT. PYKOBO,n;CTBOABCTPO- BeHrpHH 06paTI1JIOCh K COlO3nHKaM C npocsfioii 0 MHpe na JII06hIX YCJIOBHR:X.4 HOR:6. noenasre ,n;eHCTBHR: npexparnnacs, l10cJIe BOHHhI A. BhIllIeJI B oTcTaBKY H rrOCeJIHJICR:B Bene. B 1926 nenrepcxoe rrpaBHTeJIhCTBO nasnaqHJIO eMY BhlCOKYIO rrenCI1IO H A. rrepeexan B Bynanenrr. ABTOP MeMyapoB «K HCTOPHH BeJIHKOH BOHnbI 1914-1918~ (BenaJIeHrr[(Hr, 1924), «Bopsoa H aaunrra HMrrepHH~ (Bena-Jleimuar; 1933).

ACJIAH (AsIan) MI1XaH (1857, Oaenrrn - 1936), pyMhIHCKHH ,n;HBH3HonnhIH renepan (1913). YqaCTBOBaJI B BOHHe aa ne3aBHCHMOCTh 1877-78. Bo BpeMR: naJIKanCKOH BOHnhI 1913 rrpOTHB nOJIrapHH B03rJIaBHJI 3-10 (Zlyaaiicxyio) apMHIO. Ilocne BCTyrrJIeHHR: PYMhIHHH B BOHny B 1916 OCTaJICR: oxranztyrox
2 KTO 6hU1lITO B ITepOOl! MHpoooA eoaae

33

Ill,M~3-H apxaeit. APMM5I, HaM60Jlee cJIa6a51 no COCTaBY,BKJIIOxana 2-10, 5-10,9-10; 12-10, 15-10 M 19-10 ,TJ;MBM3MM paaaeprsrH BaJIaCb OT OPCOBbI B,TJ;OJIb .llYHaJI, npHKpbIBa51 IOJKlfbIH CPPOfIT rpanmrsr no JIMHHH .llYHa51 H .ll06pY,TJ;JKY.Ha ee JIeBOM cpJIaHre pa3MeIll,aJIC5I pyc. XLVII AK ren, A.M. 3aUOllllKOBCKOZO, onepaTHBHo IIO,TJ;qHHeHHbIH A. 24.8.1916 60JIrapO-repM. BOHcKa nozt KOMaH,TJ;OBaHHeM renepan-rpenszmaptuana A. CPOH Masensena HaHCCJIH T5IJKeJIOe nopaxeaae BOHcKaM A. rrpn TYPTYKae. 3aTeM, C6pOCHB PYMbIHcKHe BOHcKa aa p . .llYHaH, 60JIrapo- repM. qaCTH B351JIMTYPTYKaH - «PYMbIHCKMH Bep,TJ;eH~, 3aXBaTMB 28,5 TbIC. nJIeHHbIX (npoTHBHMK nOTep5lJI OK. 8 TbIC. xen.). OcTaTKM apMHH A. OTOIliJIH B Cpe,TJ;HIOIO .llo6pY,TJ;JKY, e 6bIJIM noztm nepacansr nO,l(OIlIC,TJ;IlIHMM pyc, BoHcKaMM. 1l0cJIe COe,TJ;HHenH5I C BOHCKaMM ren. 3aHOHqKOBCKOro apMM5I 6bIJIa pacdiopsrapoeana, a ee BOHCKa BOIliJIM B COCTaBpyc . .ll06PY,TJ;JKHHCKOH apMMH. 1l03JKe B03rJIa.BJI5IJI IOJKHbIH CPPOHT.

ATATIOPK, CM. Mycma¢a-KeMaJlb-nawa. AY<D<DEH6EPf, C 1915 - Aycpcpe1l6epr <pOR KOMapoB (Auffenberg von Komarow) MopM.Q CPOH(22.5.1852, Tpormay, ABCTPMHCKaJI CHJIe3H5I - 18.5.1928, Bella), 6apon (1915), ancrpo-eearepcxmi renepan neXOTbI (1910). CbIH xpynnoro cyneiicxoro qMlIOBHHKa. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B Tepeaaaucxoii BoeHHOH aKa,TJ;eMHH Bsrcnreii noennoii IlIKOJIe. B 1871 BCTyH nHJI JIeHTeHallToM B 28-H nex. nOJIK. C 1877 CJIYJKHJIB feHIIITa6e. B 1878 yqaCTBOBaJI B oKKyna.QHH OOCHHH H Iepneronansr. C 1890 HaqaJIbHHK IlITa6a 28-H nex. ,TJ;HBM3HH (JIaH6ax), C 1894 KOMaH,TJ;Hp 96-ro nex. nOJIKa~ C 1900 KOMaH,TJ;Hp 65-H 6pHra,n:bI (Paa6). B 1905 naarrasen HaqaJIbHHKOM 36-H ,l(MBH3HMB ArpaMe, r,TJ;C snepasre CTOJIKHYJIC5IC «IorOCJIaB5IHCKMM aonpocoso. B 1907 nepenren B Boennoe MMHMcTepcTBo M B TOM JKe rozty 6bIJI naanaxen reHepaJI-HHCneKTopOM noearro-ysetinsrx 3aBe,TJ;eHMH. C 1909 KOMaH,TJ;Hp XV AK, pacxaapraposaanoro B paiioHe Capaeso, TaHlIbIH COBeTHHK. B 1911 no npOTeK.QMM C/Jpa1lua-sliepounani)« naaaasen BoeHHbIM MMHHCTpOM. OOJIbllIOe BHMMaUMe y,TJ;eJI5IJI pa3BHTHIO T5IJKeJIOH~pTHJIJIepHH. B 1912 C,TJ;aJI nOCT rea. A. Kpotiamuuu H 6bIJI naanaxen HucnCKTopOM apMHH. C anr, 1914 KOMaU,TJ;YIOIIIHH 4-H apMHeH, paaseprstsaa34

llIeHC5I B panone Pa,TJ;bIMlio- 5IpOCJIaB- Ilepexrsnnns. B COCTaB apMHM (MMeBIIIeI'i 436 0PY,TJ;lu'i) BXO.n;HJIHII (rea. B. Illesrya), VI (ren. C. Bopoeeuu ¢O1l Boiiua), IX (ren. JI. cpon XOpIIITeHH) H XVII (rea rpadi K. CPOli XIOH) AK, a TaKJKC6-51 (cpeJIb,l(MapllIaJI -JIeHTCHaHT BMTTMaH) H 10-51 (cpeJIbtJ.MapllIaJI -JICHTenaHT Maiip) KaB. ,TJ;HBH3HH. poxte roro, B Kon.QC aar. A. nonxmrena K apaeiicxaa rpynna rCH. <1>.KYJltMepa. Ha apMHIO A. (COBMCCT_ HO C 1- H apMMcH rea. B. /I,aH1<.!lJl) B03JIaraJIaCb aanaxa «6bICTPOro M peunrrensnoros- HacTynJICHM5l Me)KtJ:y BHCJIOH M 3ana,n:HbIM oyroM B ceaepnoa HarrpaBJIeHMM. Hanpaanenaea HaCTyrrJIeHM5I 6bIJI aaanasen XOJIM, B paiione xoroporo C06HpaJIaCb 5-51 pyc. apMH5I reno IT.A. Ilneee. 12(25) anr, 6bIJI 0,l(06peH nJIaH A., npe,l(ycMaTpMBaBIlIHH nnycroponuaa ooxozr 5-H pyc. apMHH. 12(25) asr; II AK nanec nopaacenae XXV pyc. AK, KOTOPbIH OTOllIeJI na Kpacnocraa, pyc. XIX AK 6bIJI OTTeCIIen K KOMapOBY. OztHOBpcMeHHo V pyc. AK Ranec cpJIalirOBbIH yztap no VI AK, no, ,l(eHcTBY51OT,l(eJIbHOOT np, xopnycos apMMH, He cxror pa3BMTb ycnex. 14-15 (27-28) aar, npOIliJIH B araxax C 06CMX cropon C nepcaeunsnr ycnexou, TOJIbKO XVII pyc. AK 6bIJI OTTeCHen K cesepy y,TJ;apOMrpyrmu spurepuora Hocu¢a-C/Jepoullalloa. ITOCJIC aroro A. nepenec cnon OCHOBHhICYCMJIM5Ina oKpYJKeHMe IOJKHOH rpyrmsr xopnycos 5-H pyc. apMMM, TeCn51H30JIMposaansra XXV pyc. AK na Kpacnocraecxosr nanpaanenaa. 19 aar, (1 cenr.) nOJIOJKCHHCpyc. BOMCK YJIyqIIIIIJIOCb, T.K. A. 6bIJI BbIHYJKtJ:cnBbItJ:eJIIICbxacrs BOMcK rpynne l1ocM<pa-cDcP,TJ;Mnanaa na CJIyqaH <pJIanroBoro y,l(apa, a apurepuor Ilemp-tbepouHalla OTBeJI CBOIOrpyuny B cropony 3aMOTb5l. 5-51 apMM5I nasaJIa OTXO,l(,II A. B TOT JKe ztens 3an5lJI KOMapOB, no npCCJIC,TJ;OBaHMC opraaasoaars nc csror, BCJIC,l(CTBMCneY,TJ;aqII,nOCTIIrllICH 3-10 apMlIIO rea. P. EpyoepMa1W, M 3aH5lTM5I qaCT5IMII 3-H pyc. apMMM rea. H.B. PY3CKOZO JIbBoBa KOMan,l(OBanMC 19 aar, (1 ceur.) npMn5lJIO pCIIIcnIIC BbI,TJ;CJIMTb COCTaBa4-H apMHM M3 rpynny npeCJIC,TJ;OBanM5Iapurepuora 110cIIcpa-<1>cp,TJ;Mnan,l(a (4 nex. If 2 KaB. ,l(IfBH3IfM), OCTaJIbnM xacrr, apMMM nOJIyqMJIa npnxaa, Pa3BCpnyBIIIMCb ua JIMHMMTOMaIIIOB- Ynos, 6bITb roroBOH 21 aar, (3 cenr.) ,TJ;BMraTbC5I HeMMpOB- Marepon na nona MOIIIb 3-H apMMM. ITOCJICpasrpoua aacrpo-repu. ~acTcM pyc. apMHII nasana TCCHIITb apsnno A., OXBaTbIBM ee C 06CllX cropon. 27 asr. (9 cenr.) A. C,TJ;aJI TOMallIoB, C03,l(aByrp03y CBOCMYTblJly. 35

28 asr, (10 cenr.)

A., nO,lJ;qHH5IJICbnpmcasy

rea.

<1>. Koupaoa

cjJonRiml1enoopcjJa, nepCIIICJI B HacTynJICHHC B paiioae PaBhIPYCCKOH, HO rrpopsm 060pOHhI qaCnIMH 5-ro pyc. AK H OXBaT C q)JIaHrOB KOHHHl(CM rCH. A.M. ppazoMupo8a yXy,lJ;IIIHJIH nOJIO)KeHHC apMHH. Yrp03a oKpY)KeHHH BhIHY,lJ;HJIaBCPXOBHOC KOMaH,lJ;OBaHHC OT,lJ;aThnpmcas 06 OTXO,lJ;C CaH. OTcTynJICHHC aa HaqaJIOCh 30 anr, (12 CCHT.), H K 2(15) CCHT.apMIUI B nOJIHOM paCCTpOMCTBC OTOIIIJIa aa BHCJIOKY.30.10.1914 BblIIIeJI B OTCTaBKy. B 1915 06BHHCH B HcrOTOBHOCTH ABCTPO- BCHrPHH K BOMHC' H YBOJICH H3 apMHH. ABTOP MCMyapoB «Ascrpo-aearepcxoe ysacrne B MHPOBOMBOMHCi>(1920), ~B3JICT H na.n;CHHCABCTPOBCHrPHHi> (1921), ~KaMnaHHH 4-M ascrp. apMHH B HaqaJIC MHPOBOH BOHHhIi> (1920).

AXMET-1133ET-llAlliA (Ahmet-Izzet-Pasa) (1864 1937), ryp. MapIIIaJI. HHKOf,lJ;a HC COCTOHJIB naprnn ~E,lJ;HHeHHe H rrporpecc» H aKTHBHoro yqaCTI1H B nOJIHTHqCCKOH ,lJ;CHTCJIbHOCTHHC npHHHMaJI. Bo BpCMH 13aJIKaHCKOMBOHHhI 1912 3aUHMaJI nOCT HaqaJIhHHKa fCHIIITa6a, B MC)KCOI03UHqCCKOH BOHUC 1913 - rJIaBUOKOMan,lJ;YIOIll,cro ryp. apMHcH. Bsrcrynan npOTHB BCTynJICnHH TYPl(Hil B 1-10 MI1pOByIO BOHHY. llOCJIC 3p3CPYMCKOH onepauan, B MapTC 1916 2-H apMHH, KOMan,lJ;YIOmHM KOTOPOM naanasen A., neperiponrena H3 ,llap,lJ;aHCJIJI na KaBKa3cKHM TB,ll, rzte 3aHHJIa npaasni q)JIaHr cPpoHTa (MC)K,lJ;Y Xapnytosr H 03. BaH). APMHH (78 ThIC. qCJI., 98oPY,lJ;HH H 7 TbIC. KYP,lJ;CKOH KOHHHl(bI) nOJIyqHJIa aaaaxy napaJIU30BaTh ,lJ;CHCTBHH pyc. BOMCKna 3p3CPYMCKo-CHBacKoM HanpaBJIClfHH. B COCTaB apMHH (npa naqaJIbHHKC IIITa6a nOJIKOBHHKC HCMCT-6cc) BXO,lJ;HJIHII, IV H XVI AK. llCPC,lJ;HCJIOKal(HHapMHH naxara B anp., a 3aKOHqeUa B aar, 1916.2 asr, na-ran nacrynnemre B UanpaBJICHUH MYIII- KHrn-3p3cpYM II 6 asr. B3HJI 13IITJIHC,7 aar, - MYIII H 8 anr, BbIIIICJI aa rocY,lJ;apCTBelIHYIO rpammy B XO,lJ;C pyc. KOHTpHacTynJICHIIH 19 aar. rroaec TR)KCJIbICnOTepII II 6bIJI oropoIIICH na IICXO,lJ;HbIC n03Hl(HII. Ilorrsrnca npOBCCTH HOBOCnacrynJICHIie ycnexa ne npIIIIeCJIa, II 11 cenr. A. 6bIJI OCTaUOBJIen 1'1 OT6poIIIeu ira pytiezc KHrn-OrnoTMYllI II nepeIIICJI K.CTpaTCruxecxoi! otiopone. K OKT. 1916 II3 120 TbIC. xen., COCTaBJIHBIIIHX apM1'1IO,lJ;0naCTynJIeUHH, A. csror cofipars TOJIbKO 64 TbIC. -ren. K nasany 1917 B COCTaBapMl11'1BXO,lJ;HJIO aenonnsrx ,lJ;1'17
36

B1'131'1M. rpenp. 1917 rJIaBnOKOMan,lJ;YIOIll,1'1Mrpyrmsr BOHCK C ~KaBKa3i>, B KOTOPYIO BOUIJIII 2-H (rea, MycmacjJa-KeMaJlbnama) 1'13-R (rea. Bexu6-nama) apM1'11'1. anp+-nae 1917 ryp. B BOHcKa 3aHRJII1131'1TJI1'1CCKHM YIIICKI1MB1'1JIaHCTbI. ,lJ;CK. 917 1'1 M B 1 rpynna BOHCK pacrpopsraponaaa. 14.10.1918 rrOCJIC na.n;CH1'1H Ka6l1uCTa Tanaar-naunr CMY ObIJIO nopyxeno cP0pMHpoBau1'1c aosoro Ka61'1HcTa,B KOTOPOMou 3aHHJI nOCT BCJI1'1KOrO BH31'1p5I If soemroro M1'1U1'1CTpa. 30.10.1918 nO.ll:n1'1CaJI a 60PTY aara, u xpeiicepa ~AraMeMnOUi> B nopry Myzrpoc (0. JIeMnoc) nepeMHpHe, no KOTOPOMY TYPl(HR 065I3aJIaCb npe,nOCTaB1'1TbCOI03H1'1KaMnpaso oxxynnpoaars Bocdiop 11,llap.ll:aUeJIJIbI, a TaK)KC 13aTYM 1'1 13aKY,OT,lJ;aTb np1'1Ka30 KanHTYJI5Il(1'1HTyp. rapHH30nOB B X1'1,lJ;)Ka3e, Hpaxe, CHPH1'11'1 tieMene, ,maKY1'1pOBaTbBOMCKaH3 Hpana, 3aKaBKa3bH H KHJIHKH1'1H r.n, 8 lfOH6. npaBHTeJIbCTBO A. naJIO 1'111.11.1918 cdiopsmpoaaao npa~1'1TCJIbCTBOAXMeTaTeBcP1'1K-rrallIH, B KOTOPOMA. 3aURJI nOCT M1'1UI1CTpa HUOCTpanUbIX zten. B 1924 nOCJIe odiauaansuoro npnxona K BJIaCTH Mycradrsr - KeMaJIb- naIIIH A., KaK y6e)K.lJ:eUUbIM cropomrax coxpaueUHH XaJI1'1cPaTa,6bIJI nOJIUOCTbIO yztanen OT nOJIl1THqeCKOM )KH3UH.

6A611q MI1Xa1'1JIllaBJIOB1'1q (23.7.1844, CTaUHl(a HOBoBeJIHqKOBCKaH Ky6aHcKoM 06JIacTH - 18.10.1918, 6JI1'13Ilararopcxa), pyc. reaepan OT KaBaJIep1'1H(17.11.1914). 06pa30BaUl1e nOJIyqHJI B MI1XaHJIOBCKOM BOpOHe)KCKOM Ka.n;CTCKOM xopnyceo C 23.8.1895 xosrannap 156-ro nex. EJI1'1CaBCTrpa.ncKoro nOJIxa, 10.5.1897 nepesezten na pO,lJ;HHyH Ha3UaqCH aTaMaHOM EKarepnnonapcxoro OT,neJIa Kytiaacxoro Ka3. soiicxa. C 6.5.1899 crapumii nOMOIll,UHK HaqaJIbU1'1KaKy6ancKoM 06JIaCTH H UaKa3nora aravana Ky6ancKoro Ka3. BOHcKa, C 1.12.1906 BoeuubIM ryfiepnarop Kapccxoli 06JIaCTH. 3.2.1908 naauaxea UaqaJIbU1'1KOM Ky6ancKoH 06JIaCTH 1'1HaKa3UbIM aTaMaHOM Ky6anCKDrO Ka3. soacxa Bo BpeMR BOMHLI ynpaBJIRJI BOMCKOM11PYKOBO,nHJIcPOpMHpoBaIlHeM xyoaacxax Ka3. -racreii. 3a BpeMH BOMUbI Kytiancxoe Ka3. BOMCKOBbICTaBHJIO37 KOUlIbIX JIOJIKOB,24 JIJIaCTYUCK1'1X 6aTaJIbOHa, oT,neJIbHbIM KOUUbIM .ll:HBlI3HOH. orztensnbIM JIJIaCTYHcKlIM 6aTaJIbOH, 51 COTHIO,6 apr. 6aTapeM - scero OK. 110 TbIC. xen. 26.3.1917 YBOJIen OT CJIY)K6bI 3a 60JIe3HbIO C Myn,nnpoM n neHCI1eM. B03BpaTI1JICR na )KHTCJIbCTBOB ll5ITH37

ropcx. ApeCTOBaH 60JIbIIleBllKaMII, rzte 3apy6JIeH BMeCTe C reno H.B. pueeuu II l(p.

BbIBe3eH B JIeC y r. Beurray, PY3CKUM, P.,ll. PaaKO-,a.Mum-

,llMIITPIIH TIeTpOBlI'I (13.6.1863 - 21.10.1919, KH5I3b, pyc. reHepaJI-JICHTeHaHT (12.7.1916).06paaosamre IIOJIY'IIIJI B HIIKOJlaeBCKoM KaB. y'IIIJIlIme II oqmu,epCKOH KaB. IlIKOJIe. Ha ztpennero apHCTOKpaTl1qeCKOrO pozta. BbInymen BO BJIal(IIMUpCKIIH YJIaHCKIIH nOJIK C 15.8.1897 B IIOCT05lHllOM COCTaBe odmnepcrcori KaB. IIlKOJIbI: yqIITeJIb sepxoBOH e3l(bI (c 23.8.1897), nOMOmllIIK aasenyiomero KypCOB 06y'IenII5I odrauepos (c 12.11.1898), naxansnax oduruepcxoro OTl(eJIa (c 23.4.1902), nOMOIIJ,HIIK naxansnarca IIlKOJIbI. B 190614 onaoapeaenno pel(aKTIIpOBaJI )KypnaJI «BecTHHK pyc. xonnIIu,bI~, C 25.5.1913 6bIJI TaK)Ke 'IJIeHOM COBen Drannoro ynpaBJIeHII5I rocynapcrseunoro KOHlI03aBOl(CTBa. EbIJI XOPOIIlO 3HaKOM C rea. A.A. EpYC11JIOBbIM, nOJIb30BaJIC5I ero nporexmreii.Flocne naxana BOHHbI 23.8.1914 naanasen KOMaHl(HpOM 6PIIransr KaBKa3cKoH TY3eMuoH KonUOH l(I1DH3HII. 23-29.9.1915 BpeMeHHO KOMaHl(Y51 l(HDII311eH na Cpsnre, npOBeJI 6JIeCT5IIIJ,YIO KOHTpaTaKY H 3aXBaTIIJI 450 nJIeHHbIX, 5 nYJIeMeTOB H ztp., sa 'ITO 6bIJI narpazczrea Ieoprneecxaa opY)KHeM (8.11.1916). 20.2.1916 CMeHHJI BeJIHKOrO KH5I351M11XaIIJIa AJIeKCaHl(pOBHqa na nOCTY KOMaUl(Upa ::nOH l(UBU3HII. 1l0cJIe <l>eBpaJIbCKOH peBOJIIOU,UII nOTep5lJI nOCT 11 15.4.1917 3aqHCJIen B peaeps 'IUHOB npn nrrafie Kaencxoro BO, Ol(HaKO Y)Ke 30 mOII5I BepHYJIC5I B CBOIOl(HBU3IIIO. 1l0cJIe roro KaK na 6a3e l(IIBH3IIII naxanocs pasBepTbIBaHIIe Kanxaacxoro TY3eMHoro KOHHoro xopnyca, E. 28.8.1917 6bIJI naaaaxen ero KOMaUl(lIpOM. 2.9.1917 3aMeHeH rea. TI.A. 1l0JIOBU,OBbIM 113aQl1CJIen B peaeps QHIIOB npa IIlTa6e Ilerporpancxoro BO. B ztex. 1918 BCTYUIIJI B PKKA. B 1919 Ha'IaJIbHHK Bsrcnreii KaB. IIlKOJIbI PKKA, II l(. npezrceztarena OC060H u,eBTpaJIbHOH KOMHCCIIII no cHa6)KellHIO PKKA KOHCKIIM COCTaBOM.

6AfPATIlOH

Ilerporpan),

(Badoglio) Ilserpo (28.9.1871, Ipannnano1.11.1956, Ipammaao), MapKI13 Ca60THHO (1919), repuor Al(Hc-A6e6cKHH (1936), MapIIlaJI I1TaJIHH (I1IOUb 1926). CJIY)K6y na-ran B 1890 B apTHJI~epIII1 OKOH1HIJI Been-

6A,l(OJIbO
-

Montpepar'ra

HyIO aKal(eMHIO B TYPHlle. B 1899 nepenezten JIeHTeHallToM B 19-H apr, nOJIK. Y'IaCTHHK A<pPHKaHCKOH KaMnaHHH 1896-97 H JIIIBHHCKOH KaMnaHIfH 1912. C 25.2.1915 IIaQaJIbHIIK oneparasnoro OTl(eJIa IIlTa6a 2-H apMHII, 3aTeM - lla'IaJIbHHK IIlTa6a 4-H l(IIBI!3HH, l(eHcTBOBaBIIleH B paiione fOPI1U,bI. C Ma5I 1916 KOMaHl(I1p 78-ro nex. nOJIKa, OTJIH'II1JIC5IB pane Cpa)KeHHH I16bICTpO npOl(BHraJIC5I no cJIY)K6e. IlPIIH5IJI Bbll(aIOIIJ,eeC5I ysacrne B onepanna y ropsr Ca60TlIHO (B xozre 6-ro Cpa)KeHl1JI na H30llU,0 7 -17.8.1916), npel(IIleCTBOBaBlIIeH B351THIOfOPHU,bI. 3l(eCb E. BO rnaae orpana (78-H nex, nOJIK, 2 6aTaJIbOHa 58-1'0 I1 115-ro nex. nOJIKOB, 2 canepusre pOTbI) aTaKOBaJI ropnsrf MaCCHB Ca60TI1HO H BbI6HJI 3aHHMaBlIIHe ero ascrpo-aenrepcxae 'IaCTH. C 13.5.1917 KOMaHl(OBaJI II AK. B 1917 yqaCTBOBaJI B BoeUUbIX l(eHCTBII5IX B ropnoii I1 TaJIHH, 3aTeM nOCJIe Cpa)KeHH5I na nJIaTO EaHH3Hu,u,a C 23 anr. no 9 H05l6. 1917 KOMaHl(OBaJI XXVII AK Ilepel( Cpa)KeHHeM y Kanoperro (24.10-29.11.1917) xoprryc E., BXOl(HBlIIHH B cocran 2-H apMHH rea, JI. KaneJULO, pacnonaranC5IOT Kocra- PaYHHu,a zto KaJIb na nJIaTO EaHH3Hu,u,a. B COCTaB xopnyca BXOl(HJIH 19-51, 22-51, 54-51 H 66-51 l(HBII3IIII, npH'leM 1951l(IIBII3H5I no caoexty cocrasy 6bIJIa <paKTH'leCKII pasna 06bIQHOMY xoprrycy 24 OKT. rra xoprryc E. (H COCel(llHH IV AK rea. KaBaQIIOKKII) nplIlIIeJIC5I OCHOBHOH yztap npOTI1BHIIKa. E. He nOKa3aJI ce651 XOpOlIIHM BOeHa'laJIbHI1KOM, H IIMeHHO n03I1u,HH ero xopnyca 6bIJIH nepasnra npopsaau I1 CTaJIH Ha'laJIOM xaraCTPO<pbI npa Kanoperro. HecMoTp51 na 3TO, B H05l6. 1917 npa CMeHe Bepxosaoro KOMaHl(OBaHIl51 naanavea 3aMeCTIITeJIeM HaqaJIbHIIKa lIITa6a Bepxosnoro KOMalll(OBaHII5I rea. A. Iluaua. Ol(HOBpeMeHHo 3aMeCTHTeJIeM .LI:IIau,a6bIJI aaanaxen rea, r,aJICUapouuo, HO scxope OH 6bIJI nepesezten aa KOMaHl(HYIO l(OJI)KllOCTb II 60JIblIIa5I QaCTb lIITa6HoH pa60TbI no nOl(rOTOBKe nacrynneHIl51IITaJIb5lUCKOH apMIIIl cKoHu,eHTpHpOBaJIaCb B PYKax E. IlocJIe BOHHbI npel(CTaBJI5IJI I1TaJIHIO ira Meactynapoznrosr COBeTe B ITapH)Ke. C ztex. 1919 'lpe3BbIQaHHbIH xosraccap B Benenaa. C 110516.1919 no rpesp. 1921 II B 1925-40 Ha'laJIbHHK Ieaurraoa, B 1922-23 'lJIeH Boennoro COBeTa, B 1924-25 nOCOJI B Epa3HJIHH. B 1928-33 Ol(HOBpeMenHO renepan-ryfiepnarop JIHDlUi. Bo BpeM5I IITaJIO-3<pHoncKoH BOHllbI 1935-36 - rJIaBnOKOMaHl(YIOll(I1H HTaJIb5lllCKOH apMHeH B 3<pIlOnI1I1. B 1936-37 BI1u,eKOPOJIb 3<pI10nHH. IToCJIe nOpa)KeUH5I IITaJIb5lllCKOH apMHI1 na

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rpesecrcoa <PPOHTe B 1940 YBOJIeH B oTcTaBKY. O,n;HH H3 rJIaBHbIX HHHQHaTOpoB nepesopora 26.7.1943 H CBep)KeHHH pezcaMa E. MYCCOJIHHH. IToCJIe ycnexa rrepesopora naaaaxea rnaBOH rrpaBHTeJIbCTBa. 3.9.1943 nozmacan nepexmpae C anrno<ppaHQ. BOHcKaMH, a 13 OKT. 06b5lBHJI BOHHY Iepuanaa. 9.6.1944 BblIIIeJI B OTCTaBKY.

6AJIAHIIH .llMHTPHH BaCHJIbeBHq (26.11.1857 - ?), pyc. renepan OT HH<paHTepHH (6.12.1914). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI BO 2-M KOHcTaHTHHoBCKOM yqHJIHIl(e (1876) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH aKa,n;eMHH Iennrratia (1882). BbIIIYIl(eH B JIeH6-rsap,n;HH CeMeHoBcKHH rrOJIK. YqaCTHHK pyc. -rypenxoii BOHHM 1877-78. C 24.11.1882 no 26.1.1888 nOMOIl(HHK crapurero aznaoranra IlITa6a Kaescxoro BO; B 1884-85 KOMaH,n;QBaJIPOTOH 130-ro rrex. Xepconcxoro rrOJIKa. C 26.1.1888 IIlTa6-0<pHQep npn ynpaaneHHH 9-H MeCTHOH 6pHra,n;bI, C 2.9.1889 CTapIIlHH a,n;bIOTaHTIIlTa6a Knencxoro BO. C 10.10.1890 no 1.2.1897 rrOMOIl(HHK ztenonPOH3Bo,n;HTeJI51 rapmero OKJIa,n;aKaHQeJIHpHH Boenaoro MHHHc crepcrsa. B 1894 KOMaH,n;OBaJI6aTaJIbOHOM 14-ro CTpeJIKOBoro rrOJIKa. C 1.2.1897 ,n;eJIOrrpOH3Bo,n;HTeJIb KauQeJI5IpHH Boennoro MHHHcTepCTBa C 2 2.1902 3aBe,n;yIOIl(HHM06HJIH3aQHoHHoH qaCTbIO Inasnoro mrrenztarrrcxoro yrrpaBJIeHH5I. C 11.12.1902 HaqaJIbHHK IIlTa6a XXI AK, C ~3.1904 OKPY)KHOH renepan-rcnaprapaeiicrep Kaeacxoro BO. 17.6.1908 npoaaaezten B reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHTbI H aaaaasen HaqaJIbHHKOM 18-H rrex. ,n;HBH3HH, C KOTOPOH BCTyrrHJI B BOHHY B COCTaBe XIV AK 4-H apMHH. C 2.9.1914 KOMaH,n;Hp XXVII AK, KOTOPbIH K OKT. 1914 BOIIleJI B COCTaB 2-H apMHH. B naxane OKT. 1914 xopnyc E. 6bIJI nepexnuyr rea. f-!.B. PY3CKUM B COCTaB ITpHHapeBcKoH rpynnbI, 06pa30BaHHOH,n;JI5I 3aIII.HTbI Bapuraasr co CTOPOHbIBOCTOqHOH ITpYCCHH. Ha npOTH)KeHHH 1915-16 xopnyc BXO,n;HJI 1-10 H 2-10 apMHH H B lI,eHCTBOBaJI na Cenepo-Banaznrou, 3ana,n;HoM H Ceneptroxr <ppoHTax. C 20.12.1916 KOMaH,n;YIOIII.HH11-H apMHeH IOro-3anazmoro <ppoHTa. ITPH rrJIaUHpOBaHHH KaMrraHHH 1917 na apMHIO E. B03JIO)KeHO nanecenae yztapa na JIbBOB B o6xo,n; C cesepa na 3JIO'-IeB. O,n;UaKOnacrynzeaae TaK H ne COCT05lJIOCb. 5.4.1917 cnar CKOMan~OBanHH H nepesenen B peaeps qHHOB npa IIlTa6e KHeBCKOro BO, a 4 MaR YBOJIen B OTCTaBKYC MyHll,HpOM H neacneii. ITOCJIe OKT5I6PbCKOHpeBOJIIOQHHnocrynnn aa cJIY)K6y B KpaCHYIO apxnno.
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6AJIYEB ITeTp CeMeHOBHq (21.6.1857 - 1923), pyc. renepan OT I.JH<paHTepHH (18.9.1915). 113 ceMbH orpauepa. 06pa30samre rrOJIyqIIJI B 1-M ITaBJIOBCKOM yqHJIHIl(e (1876) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH aKalI,eMIIH Iennrratia (1882). BbIIIYIl(en B AnexcaazrpOrrOJIbcKYIO KperrOCTHYIO apTHJIJIepHIO. C 24.11.1882 COCTOHJI ,n;JIH OC06bIX nopyseaaii npa IIlTa6e 3aKacrrHHcKoH 06JIaCTH, C 21.1.1883 - npn IIlTa6e IV AK, C 25.10.1885 - npn BOHCKOBOM IIlTa6e BOHcKa .lloncKoro, ,n;JIH npenonasanaa aoeansrx nayx B HOBOqepKaCCKoM xasassea IOHKepcKoM yqHJIHIl(e. C 31.1 0.1889 no 20.4.1892 cTapIIlHH azrstorairr soiicxoaoro IIlTa6a BOHcKa .lloncKoro. C 13.6.1895 yrrpaBJIHIOIl(HH KaHQeJIHpHeH BOHCKOsoro IIlTa6a BOHcKa .lloncKoro, C 13 MaH rro 13 cenr. 1900 xosrannap 6aTaJIbOna 124-ro rrex. BOpOHe)KCKOrO rrOJIKa. C 5.3.1901 KOMan,n;Hp 127-ro rrex. MMepeTHHcKoro rrOJIKa, C 19.2.1904 KOMan,n;IIp 2-H 6pHra,n;bI 16-H rrex. ,n;IIBH3IIH, C 22.10.1904 naqaJIbHIIK IIITa6a VI AK. 9.7.1910 naaaaxen JfaqaJIbnHKOM 17 -H rrex. ,n;HBH3IIH, C KOTOPOH BCTynIIJI B BOHny B COCTaBe XIV AK 4-H apMHII. 13.8.1914 co cnoeii ,n;HBH3HeH aTaKOBaJI H BbI6HJI nporasnaxa H3 nepesna Iyra, npH'leM 6bIJI YHII'lTO)Ken 11-H ronaezmsrit rrOJIK H 3aXBa'leHO ero 3HaM5I. 3a 3TH ,n;eHCTBHHE. 6bIJI B asr; 1916 aarpazczten Ieopraescxau opy)KHeM. C30.8.1914 KOMaH,n;HpVI AKBcoCTaBe 2-HapMHH. CBOHMH ,n;eHcTBHHMII 16(29)-17(30) cenr, ,n;e6JIOKMpOBaJIxperrocrs Ocosen, rrOCJIe xero 16(29) cenr. xoprryc E. 6bIJI nepezran B 10- 10apMHIO. YcneIIlnbIM <pJIanrOBbIM y,n;apoM OT Ipaesa ,n;06HJIC5I3naqHTeJIbHbIX ycrrexos, BbIH,n;HB TbIJI repxr. apMHH, HO IIlTa6 <pponTa ne HCnOJIb30BaJI ero nofieny B nasane OKT. xopnyc BOIIleJI B COCTaBHOBOC<pOpMHpoBaHnoH 1-H apMHH. C 9 HOH6. no 6 ztex. 1914 E. COCT05lJIsa panenaesr 13 peaepse 'lHHOB npa IIlTa6e Mancxoro BO, a 6.12.1914 nOJIY'lHJI naanaaenae KOMan,n;HPOMV AK(7-HH 10-51nex.,n;HBH3HH). B<peBp.1916B03rJIaBHJI neaorpnanrosyio rpynny 2-H apMHH: V AK, III CH6HPCKHH AK (reaepan-netirenanr B O. Tpodruscoe), XXXV AK (rerrepanJIeHTeHanT IT.A. Ilapueectcuiii. 5-8(18-21).3.1915 PYKOBO,n;HJI ,n;eHcTBIIHMH rpynnsi na JIHHHH osepo HapOqb- BHIIlHeBCKaR, ycnenmsmn ,n;eHcTBH5IMH OTTeCnHJI npOTHBnHKa, BbI6HJI repxr. BOHcKa H3 ITocTaB H B3HJI B nJIeH 18 orpanepos H OK. 1,3 TbIC. COJI,n;aT3a 3TII ,n;eHcTBHH E. B asr, 1916 aarpazcnen opzrenon CB. feOpfH5I4-H CTeneHH. 30 MapTa (12 anp.) repv. BOHcKa sep41

HyJIH yrpaseansre rr03HqHH, B351B 5,5 TbIC. rrJIeHHbIX. YcrreIIICB. HO yqacTBOBaJI B nacrynneaaa ren. A.A. EpycUJL08a B 1916 na Crsrpe H ]lHrre. C 10.11.1916, xorzta KOMaH,lJ;YIoIIIHM OC060M apMHeM ren. B.I1. ryp'KO HCrrOJIH5IJI06513aHHocTH HaqaJIbHHKa IIITa6a Bepxosnoro rJIaBHOKOMaH,lJ;YIOIIIero, 5. COBMeIIIaJI KOMaH,lJ;OBaHHeKoprryca C PYKOBO,lJ;CTBOM apMHeM. C 18 MapTa rro 9 HIOJI5I 1917 - KOMaH,lJ;YIOIIIHMOC060M apMHeM, nepeaanaoii B COCTaB Kiro-Sanazmoro <ppoHTa. Ilepen HaqaJIOM I1IOHbCKOro nacrynneaaa apMH5I paaaeprsmanacs B Ilonecse, BbI,lJ;eJIMB noJIOBHHY CHJI B pesepa <ppoHTa, H BKJIlOqaJIa B ce651 XXXI, XXXIX, XLVI AK H IV KOHHbIM xopnyc. B XO,lJ;e nacrynnenas apMHH OTBO,lJ;MJIaCbraCCHBHa5I POJIb. IIocJIe xaracrpodrsr, nor cTHrIIIeM apMHH <ppoHTa, 5. 9 MIOJI5I6bIJI naana-ren KOMaH,lJ;YIOIIIHM 11-M apMHeM (ee 6bIBIIIHM KOMaH,lJ;Hp ren. l1.f. 3poeJlu rrOJIyqHJI apMHIO 5.), HO Y)Ke 19 HIOJI5IC,lJ;aJI KOMaH,lJ;OBaHHe rea. <P.C. Pep6epzy. K MOMeHTY rrpHH5ITH5I 5. KOMaH,lJ;OBaHH5I apsrneM, OHa rrpe,lJ;CTaBJI5IJIaC060M JIHIIIb XaOTHqHO orcrynarounre TOJIrrbI. 10(23) HIOJI5I apMH5I codpanacs aa Crpsme, npa 3TOM He rrpHHHMaBIIIa51 yxacrne B BoeHHbIX ,lJ;eMCTBH5IXrpyrrrra (XXXII, V CH6MPCKHM, I TypKeCTaHcKHM AK H 7-M KOHHbIM xopnyc) OCTaBaJIaCb na BOJIbIHCKO-faJIHqKOM pytieace B patioHe Bpozr, a pa3rpOMJIeHHa5I JIeBo<pJIaHrOBa5I rpyrrrra (V, XVII, XXV, XLV,XLIX H I rBap,lJ;eMCKHMAK) 6bIJIa paCT5IHYTa rro zryre OT Cepera zto CTPbIlIbI. 10(23) HIOJI5Irepsr. rpyrrrra rea. nexorsr A. <pOHBHHKJIepa HaHeCJIa yzrap aa TapHOrrOJIb, HO 6bIJIa oT6Hra I rBap,lJ;eMCKHM AK (1-51 H 2-51 rnapneiicxae rrex. ,lJ;HBH3HH). 12(25) HIOJI5Irea. BHHKJIep nanec rropaxceaae V AK, BbIHY,lJ;HB rBap,lJ;HIOOCTaBHTb TapHOrrOJIb. K 15(28) HIOJI5I5. 3aH5IJI<pPOHT OT Pa.n;3HBHJIOBa,lJ;0BOJIOqHCKa. 24-31 MIOJI5I- rJIaBHOKOMaH,lJ;YIOIIIHM apMH5IMH Krro-Sanazmoro <ppoHTa, B03rJIaBHJI <pPOHT B MOMeHT rrO,lJ;rOTOBKM KOHTpHacTyrrJIeHH5I. <PaKTHqeCKH KO ero ,lJ;HIO O<pHqHaJIbHOrO BCTyrrJIeHH5I 5. B ,lJ;OJI)KHOCTb aCTyrrJIeHHe H Krro-Sananaoro <ppoHTa 6bIJIO 3aBepIIIeHo. Bcero B XO,lJ;e nacrynare.nsnof onepauan <ppoHTa 18(31) MIOJI5I - 30 MIOJI5I (13 asr) 6bIJIO B351TO OK. 36 TbIC. rrJIeHHbIX H 121 opyzme, ncero rrpOTHBHHK rrOTep5IJIOK. 45 TbIC. qeJI. B XO,lJ;e oTcryIIJIeHH5I H3 faJIHqHH apMMH <PpoHTa rrOTep5IJIMOK. 20 TbIC.y6HTbIMH, OK.42 TbIC. rrJIeHHbIMH, 257 Opy,lJ;HM,191 MMHOMeT M 60M60MeT, 546 nyneMeTOB. C 5 aar, rro 12 HO.5l6. rJIaBHOKOMaH,lJ;YIOIIIHM apMH5IMH

3arra.n;Horo <PPOHTa. 1918 ~cTyrrHJI B Kpacnyio apxnno. B 1920 BXO,lJ;HJI COCTaBOc060ro COdeIIIaHH5I npn rJIaBKOMe noopyzcenB HbIMH CHJIaMH Pecrry6JIHKH B ,lJ;aJIbHeMIIIeMna nperronanarensCKOMpafiore.

BAJIb<l>MH (Bulfin) 3,lJ;yap,lJ;CTaHHCJIayc (1862 - 1939), aHrJI. renepan. IIocJIe naxana BOMHbI B asr; 1914 rrOJIyqHJI B KOMaH,lJ;OBanHe2-10 6pHra.n;y B COCTaBeKaB. ,lJ;HBH3HH reno 3. AJlJle'H6u B 5eJIbrHH. IIpocJIaBHJIc.5I CBOHMH 6JIeCT5III(HMH ,lJ;eMCTBH5IMH B OKT. 1914 BO BpeM5I nepnoro Cpa)KeHH5I na Hnpe. C 17.12.1914 KOMaH,lJ;Hp28-M rrex. ,lJ;J1BH3HH. 2.10.19155. 1 6bIJI OT03BaH B AHrJIMIO H BepHYJIC5I B ,lJ;eMcTBYIOIIIYIOapMHIO TOJIbKO 20.12.1915, xorna 6bIJI rrOCTaBJIeH BO rnase 60-M reppnroPHaJIbHOM ,lJ;HBH3HH.Ero ,lJ;HBH3M5I csrrpana 3HaqHTeJIbHYIo pOJIb B HacTyrrJIeHHM na COMMe. B zrex. 1916 ,lJ;MBH3H5I . rrepeBe,lJ;eHa 5 B CaJIOHMKM, a B MIOne 1917 - B IIaJIecTHHy. 3,lJ;eCbAJIJIeH6M, XOPOIIIO 3naBIIIHM 5., na3HaqMJI ero 6 asr, KOMaH,lJ;HpOM XXI xopnyca IIp05lBHJI Ce6516JIeCT5IIIIIIM KOMaH,lJ;npOMM MMeHHOe:o qaCTM B351JIMB PO)K,lJ;eCTBO 1917 l1epYCaJIMM. Bo MHorOM ztenCTBM5IM5. anrn. BOMcKa 06513aHbI ycnemnosry M 6bICTPOMY aaBepIIIemIIo onepannii na IIaJIecHmcKoM <ppoHTe. BAPAHUOB MMXaMJI AJIeKCaH,lJ;pOBMq(10.8.1857 - 1921), rparp (1881), pyc. renepan OT apTMJIJIepHM (10.4.1916). CbIH renepana OT apTHJIJIepMH Anexcannpa Anexceesasa Bapaauona, HaqaJIbHHKa fJIaBnOrO apTHJIJIepHMCKoro yrrpaBJIenH5I. 06pa30sanae rrOJIyqMJI B IIa)KecKoM xopnyce II HIIKOJIaeBCKOM axazteMMII feHIIITa6a. C 6.4.1903 KOMaH,lJ;IIpJIeM6-rBap,lJ;MM3-M apr. 6PHranu, C 14.4.1909 naqaJIbHIIK apTMJIJIepIIM Bapmaacxoro BO. He3a.n;OJIrO,lJ;0 nasana BOMHbI 31.5.1914 nepeaenen B pacnopa)KeHIIe renepan -nncnexropa apTIIJIJIepMM. 7.1.1915 narrpanxea B ,lJ;eMcTBYIOIIIYIOapMMIO nncnetcropox apTlIJIJIepMM XXX AK. C 3.11.1915 KOMaH,lJ;MpXI AK. I10cJIe <PeBpaJIbCKOM peBOJIIOqIIH BO BpeM.HqMCTKMBbICIIIero KOMCOCTaBa6.4 1917 nepeseaen B peaepn ql1HOB npa IIITa6e Knescrcoro BO, a Y)Ke 4.5.1917 YBO-JIeH OT CJIY)K6bI C Myn,lJ;HpOM H rrencaeii. I10cJIe OKT,$I6pbCKOM peBOJIIoqHH OCTaBaJIC5IB Ilerporpaae 11 B ceirr, 1918 6bIJI B351T BqK B qHCJIe ,lJ;p.3aJIO)KnHKOM Oznraxo eMY yztanocs H36e)KaTb CMepTH IIocJIe oCB060)K,lJ;eHH5I3MHrpMpoBaJI. 43

42

6APATOB HHKOJIaH HHKOJIaeBHq (1.2.1865, BJIa,lJ,HKaBKa3 - 22.3.1932, IIapH)K, <PpaHQH5I), pyc. renepan OT KaBaJIepHH (8.9.1917). 113 ,lJ,BOP5lHTepcrcoro Ka3. aoiicrca, 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI BO 2-M KOHcTaHTHHoBCKOM H HHKOJIaeBCKOM HH)K. yqHJIHIuaX (884), HHKOJIaeBCKOM aKa,lJ,eMHHfeHIIITa6a (1891). BbIIIy~eH B 1-M CYH)KeHO- BJIa,lJ,HKaBKa3cKHM nOJIK Tepcxoro Ka3. soiicrca. CJIY)KHJI npa urrafiax Kneacxoro H O,lJ,eCCKOroBO. C 26.11.1891 no 28.4.1892 - cTapIIIHM a,lJ,'bIOTaHTIIITa6a 13-H nex. ,lJ,HBH3HH.B 1893-94 KOMaH,lJ,Hp3CKa,lJ,pOHa 45-ro nparyncxoro Cesepcxoro nOJIKa, C 28.4.1892 ooep-odnnrep ,lJ,JI5I nopyqeHHM npn KOMaH,lJ,ylo~eM BOMcKaMH Kaaxascxoro BO. 18.7.1895 npHKOMaH,lJ,HpoBaH K CTaBpOnOJIbCKoMY Ka3a%eMY IOHKepcKoMY yqHJIH~y ,lJ,JI5I perronanamra n soennsrx nayx, C 11.9.1897 urrafi-orpanep npa ynpaBJIeHHH 65-H nex. pesepnHOM6pHra,lJ,bI. C 29.3.1901 KOMaH,lJ,Hp ro CYH)KeHO- BJIa,lJ,HKaB1xascrcoro nOJIKa. YqaCTHHK pyc.-51nOHCKoM BOMHbI 1904-05, aa 60eBbIe OTJIHqH5I narpaaczreu 30JIOTbIM opY)KHeM (1905). C 1.7.1907 HaqaJIbHHK urrafia II Kasxaacxoro AK. 26.11.1912 naaaaxen HaqaJIbUHKOM 1-H KaBKa3cKoM Ka3. ,lJ,HBH3HH,C KOTOPOM BCTynHJI B BOMUY. Bo rnane ,lJ,HBH3HH,lJ,eMCTBOBaJI KaBna Ka3CKOM TBa, OTJIHqHJIC5IB XO,lJ,e Capsncausnucsoit onepanna 1914-15. B XO,lJ,e Enrpparcxoii onepauaa, nOCJIe rrOpa)KeHH5I IV Kasxaacxoro AK, non KOMaH,lJ,OBaHHeME. crpopunpoaana y aa51pa yzrapnaa rpynrra (1-51 KaBKa3cKa5I Ka3. H 4-51 KaBKa3cKa51CTpeJIKOBa51,lJ,HBH3HH). E. rrOJIyqHJI aanaxy rrepexsararr, nyrn oTcTynJIeHH5I ryp, apMHH, BbIM,lJ,51a JIHHHIo. p. Esrppar. n 23 HIOJI5I(5 asr.) nanec y,lJ,apBO<pJIam H TbIJI ryp. rpynrreA6aYJlxepuua-nauiu, HaHeC5I eM T5I)KeJIOerropaacenne. 3a ycnenmsre ,lJ,eHCTBH5I HIOJIe 1915 B pakone ropnoro xpefira Arpnaar H B 3aXBaT CB. 2,5 TbIC. nJIeHHbIX B OKT. 1916 narpasoren Op,lJ,eHOM CB. Ieoprna 4-M CTeneHH. C OKT. 1915 KOMaH,lJ,yroIIIHH 3~cne,lJ,HQHOHHbIMKaB. xopnycosr (1-51 KaBKa3CKa5I xasa-n,s H KaBKa3CKa5IKaB. ,lJ,HBH3HH;OK. 14 TbIC. qeJI. npa 38 0PY,lJ,H5IX),HMeBIIIHM 3a,lJ,aqeMnpOTHBO,lJ,eHCTBHerrporepv. CH.1IaMB IIepcHH U COe,lJ,HHeHHe CaHrJI. BoHCKaMH. 30 OKT. xopnyc E. (3 6aTaJIbOHa, 39 COTeH, 20 0PY,lJ,HM)BbICa,lJ,HJIC5I nopry 3H3eJIH, 11 H05l6. OH B COCpe,lJ,OTOqHJIC5I Ka3BHHe, OTKY,lJ,a KOJIOHHaMH sucrynan B B 2 KYM H Xavaaaa. Hacrn E. 6bICTPO npO,lJ,BUraJIHCb snepezt pa30PY)KHB uporepxr. H Typ. ,lJ,HBepCHOHHbleOTp5l,lJ,bI. ztex. xacri, B 44

CHJI 3aH5IJIa Xaaanan H pan ztp. HaCeJIeHHbIX nYHKTOB na noncrynax K CTOJIHQeIIepCHH - Terepany. COBMeCTHO C aHrJI. BOMCKaMH E. YCTaHOBHJInO,lJ,BI1)KHYIO aanecy na <PPOHTeEHp,lJ,)KaH - CHCTaH - OMaHCKHM 3aJIHB. O,lJ,HaKO3aTeM aurJI. KOMaH,lJ,OBaHHe, onacaacs YCHJIeHH5Ipyc. BJIH5IHI151 IIepCHH, OTKa3aJIOCb B OT COBMeCTHbIX,lJ,eMCTBHM. naxane 1916 xopnyc (OK. 9,8 TbIC. B llITbIKOB, 7,8 ThlC. Ca6eJIb, 24 0PY,lJ,H5I) aCTynaJI na nOMO~b aHrJI. H BOMcKaM xepea Kepnamuax, O,lJ,HaKO nOCJIe KanUTYJI5IQHH ren. q. TaY1icle1iaa B KYT-3JIb-AMape E. 6bIJI BbIHY)K,lJ,eH npexpartrrs nacrynrrenae. 28.4.1916 xopnyc rrpeoopasoaarr B KaBKa3cKHM KaB. xopnyc (c UIOH5I 1916 - I KaBKa3cKHM KaB. Kopnyc). 19.6.1916 ryp, BOMCKaHaqaJIH nacrynnenae npOTHB xacrea E., II eMY B cep. HIOJI5InpHllIJIOCb OCTaBI1TbXaHeKHH, Kepxramnax, a 28 HIOJI5I - Xaaanan, nOCJIe xero HaCTynJIeHHe TypOK 6bIJIO OCTaHOBJIeno. 17.2.1917 E. nepemezr B nacryrrnenne na Xaxraztan H 25 <peBp. 3aH5IJI sees paMOH Kepxannraxa, a 22 MapTa XaneKHH. C 24.3.1917 rJIaBHbIM HaqaJIbHHK cHa6)KeHHM KaBxascxoro <ppoHTa II rJIaBHbIH HaqaJIbHI1K Kasxaacxoro BO. 25.4.1917 E. nasaasen KOMaH,lJ,IIpOM5-ro KaBKa3CKoro AK, naXO,lJ,HBIIIeroC5IB COCTaBeKaBKa3cKoM apMI1H, no Y)Ke 7 I1IOJI5IOH soaspamen na nOCT KOMaH,lJ,YloIIIero Kasxascxoro xae. xopnyca B IIepCI1l1 Cnpasasur KOMaH,lJ,YIOIIIeroapMl1eH. 10.6.1918 pac<P0PMUPOBaJIxoprryc. IIocJIe OKT5I6pbCKOM peBOJIIOQHI1 5 Mec. )KI1JIB I1n,lJ,HH.YqaCTHHK EeJIOrO,lJ,BI1)KenH5I.C asr; 1918 - npeztCTaBHTeJIb )lo6POBOJIbqeCKOM apMHI1 npn MeHhllIeBHCTCKOM rrpaBHTeJIhCTBe fpY3HH. 31.08(13.09).1919 B Tl1<pJIHCe reppoPl1CT 6pocl1JI B npoeaacaamero na MallIl1He E. 60M6y, B pe3YJIbrare paHeHH5I E. 6bIJIa aMnYTIIpOBaHa nora, B MapTe - anp. 1920 3aHHMaJI nOCT MI1HHCTpa HHOCTpaHHbIX ,lJ,eJIIO)KHo- Pyccxoro rrpaBI1TeJIbCTBa, a C arrp. 1920 COCT05lJIB peaepse ql1HOn npn BoemIOM yrrpannenaa BCIOP. C 1920 - B 3Ml1rpaQI1I1; ren, II.H. Bpanzen» nopyxan E. 3aHI1MaThC5I BonpOCaMI1 pyc. BOemrsrx HHBaJIll,lJ,OB. O,lJ,I1H113oprannaaropos COI03a IIIIBaJIII,lJ,OB.C 1927 npeztcenarens fJIaBHOrO npaBJIeHII5I KOMHTeTa «)lmt pyc. I1HBaJIII,lJ,a~ (IIapl1)K), 3aTeM ,lJ,0caMoH CMepTH saHllMaJI nOCT npezrcenarena 3apy6e)KHOrO COI03a pyc. I1HBaJIII,lJ,OB rJIaBHOrO penaxropa rasersr «Pyc, IIHBaJIH,lJ,~. O,lJ,HOBpeII MeHHO C 1931 npenceziarens Corosa odnmepoa KaBKa3cKoM apMI1I1.

45

6APHM, Bepneii (Burney) CeCHJI (15.5.1858 - 5.6.1929), 6apoHeT (1921), aHrJI. a,zJ,MHpaJI )JIOTa (1920). OKOH'lHJI Mopq CKYIO aKa,zJ,eMHIO. 1906-07 a,zJ,bIOTaHT B xopona Onyapaa VII, B 1909-10 qlJlarMaH nJIHMYTCKOH Cy6JJ:HBH3HH BHYTpeHHero <pJIOTa,B 1911 KOHTP-a,zJ,MHPaJI OMaH,Jl;OBaHHJI -H xpeitcepcK 5 KOH 3CKa,zJ,PbI, 3aTeM KOMaHJJ:YIOIIlHHATJIaHTH'leCKHM <pJIOTOM. B 1912-13 KOMaH,Jl;Hp3-H xpeiicepcxoa 3CKaJJ:pbI.B arrp+-xrae 1913 rJIaBHbIH MOPCKOH o<pHl(ep MeIKJJ:YHap0JJ:Horo <pJIOTa, ysacrnoaaatnero B 6JIOKa,zJ,e Hepnoropaa H AJI6aHHH. B MaeHOJl6. 1913 - rJIaBHbIH orpanep H rrpe3HJJ:eHTMeIK,Jl;YHap0JJ:HoH KOMHCCHH no ynpaBJIeHHIO KCYTapH (AJI6aHHJI). B 1913-14 BHl(e-a,Jl;MMpaJI KOMaH,Jl;OBaHMJl2-ro M 3-ro <pJIOTOB.B aBr.-JJ:eK. 1914 KOMaHJJ:YIOIIlHH<pJIOTOMKaHaJIa, C ztex. 1914 2-H KOMaH,Jl;YIOIIlHH EOJIbllIHM <pJIOTOM, O,Jl;HHH3 PYKoBO,Jl;HTeJIeH aHrJI. BM<I> B IOTJIaH,Jl;CKOMCpaJKeHMH. C HOJl6. 1916 2-H MOPCKOH JIOP,Jl;. 1917-19 rJIaBHOKOMaH,Jl;YloIIlHH na 1ll0TJIan,Jl;cKoM IlOB 6epeIKbe, B 1919-20 - B nJIHMYTe. B 1925 asnnen B oTcTaBKY. 6AXMAH (Bachmann) Iycras (1860 - 1943), repa, a,zJ,MHpan, B 1877 BCTYIlHJI B repu. BM<I>. B 1901-03 aaxansaax
IlITa6a A3HaTcKoH xpeiicepcxoit 3CKa,zJ,PbI, J:eHcTBoBaBlIIeH Y J 6eperoB KHTaJI BO BpeMJI IlO,Jl;aBJIeHHJIHxaryanscicoro BOCCTanMJI. 3aTeM cosepmaa nnaaaane y 6eperoB A<PPHKH II AncrpaJIIlli. B 1907-10 naxansnatc UenTpaJIbHOrO OT,Jl;eJIa ynpaaneHliH BM<I>, 6JIIlIKaHllIHH COTPY,Jl;!iUKH nOMOIIlHIlK A. Tupnuua. B 1913 He,Jl;OJIrOKOMan,Jl;OBaJI<I>JIOTOMorxpsrroro MOPJl, a B 1913-15 HBJIJlJICJIKOMan,Jl;UpOMBoeHHo-MoPCKOH 6a3bI B KUJIe. B <peBp. 1915 aaanaxen na'laJIbnUKOM MMHpaJI-IlITa6a. Y6e)l(,Jl;enHblH CToponHUK npO,Jl;OJIIKenUJIaeorpaaasenuotl rrozmoztHOH BOHHbI. nbITaJICJI OTCTpaHHTb BUJIbreJIbMa II OT BMellIaTeJIbCTBaB IlJIaHHpOBanHe ,Jl;eHCTBHH BM<I>. O,Jl;naKO,xorna KaHaep B osepemrof paa nOCCOpHJICJIC Tapnauesr, OH peman H36aBHTbC${OT E. H B cenr. 1915 BepHYJI ero na crapsni nOCT B KHJIb, 3aMeHHB a,zJ,MHpaJIOMX. <pOH XOJIbl(eH,Jl;0p<P0M. B OKT. 1918 BbIIlIeJI B OTCTaBKY.

!
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JJ:eHCKOM nuonepnoa 6aTaJIbOne, C 1868 - B 5-M uaoaepnosr 6aTaJIbOne; neiirenarrr (1869). B 188.0-87 H 1888-93 CJIYIKHJI B Ieaurratie. B 1887 KOManJJ:HpPOTbI74-ro rrex. rrOJIKa. B 189398 - B Boennov MHlUlCTepCTBe. C 1899 06ep-KBapTllpMeHCTep EOJIbIlIOrO Ienurrafia. B 1900-03 H 1904-11 IlIe<P HnlK. H nnonepnoro xopnyca H renepan-nncnetcrop YKperrJIenHH. B 1903 nasansnax 6-H JJ:HBH3IU1.C'lHTaJICJI JIY'lIlIHM crrel(HaJIHCTOM B Iepxranaa rro coopyacemno xpenocreir. 5.1.1911 BbIIlIeJI B OTCTaBKY Ilpn M06HJIH3al(IUf naanasen KOMan,Jl;HpOMIII pesepsnoro xopnyca (5-JI 116-JI pesepnasre rrex. JJ:HBH3HH), KOT<>PbIH BbIlIeJI B COCTaB1-H apMHH reno A.lVlY'Ka. C 17 cenr. no 17 OKT. 1914 KOMaH,Jl;YIOIIlHHOC060H apMeHCKOll: rpynnoit «Beaeneps-, coanannon ,Jl;JIJI OCa,zJ,bI Anrseprreaa na 6a3e III pesepsnoro KOpnyca, YCHJIennOro 26-H H 37-H JIanJJ:BepHblMH 6pHra,Jl;aMH H 4 3p3aTl(JJ:HBH311J1MH (ncero OK. 50 TbIC. 'leJI., 177 TJllKeJIblX 0PY,Jl;HH,B r.x, 300- M 420-MM MOPTHPbI), npa 3TOM BOHcKa, 060pOnJlBIlIHe Aarsepnen, BMeCTe C rrOJIeBbIMH COCTaBJIJlJII1OK. 138 TbIC. 'IeJI. 28 cerrr, B. Ha'IaJI 60M6apJJ:HpoBKY ropoaa, B no'lb C 6 na 7 OKT. 6eJIbrHll:CKHH rapntrson Ha'IaJI OTXO,Jl; ropona, a H3 10 OKT.KpelIOCTb CJJ:aJIaCb. 10.10.1914 narpazcnea Op,Jl;eHOM Pour le Merite. C 21 HIOJIJI lIO 20 asr. 1915 B03rJIaBJIJlJI apueircxyio rpynny «Beaenep» (T.lI. ocanaas apMHJI «MoJJ:JIHn»), npezmaanasennyio ,Jl;JIJI caztsr KpelIOCTI1 Honoreoprneacx, pyc. rapnno 30n xoroporo COCTaBJIJlJI,Jl;092 TbIC. 'IeJI. rrpn 1600 0PYJJ:HJlX YTpOM 1(14) asr. E. npacrynan K o6IIleH araice rpynrrsr <popTOB. 3axBaT <PoPTOBXV rpyrmst lIpOH3BeJI na KOMenJJ:anTaxperrOCTH ren. H.n. Eo6olPR TaKOe nrresarneaae, 'ITO on C'IeJI neB03MOIKnOH 060POHY BceH JIl1nHH YKpenJIenHH. 3( 16) aar. repa. BOHcKa 3aXBaTHJIH <pOPTbl I H II B cexrope rJIaBHOH aTaKH. B 8 'l sevepa repa, BOHCKa BOIlIJIH B l(HTaJJ:eJIb, rzte B3J1JIH B nnen KOMenJJ:aHTa. B TOT IKe zrens ren. E06blPb 6bIJI ,Jl;OCTaBJIenB rJIaBnYIO xaaprnpy E., rzte OTJJ:aJIIpHKa3 0 cztaxe KperrOCTH. l 20.8.1915 E. lIOJIY'lHJI ,Jl;y6oBble BeTBH K opzteny Pour le Merite. C 25.8.1915 no 18.11.1918 E. 3anHMaJI lIOCT renepan-rytiepna-

ropa Bapmaasr. 6E306PA30B BJIaJJ:HMl1p MHXaHJIOBH'l (1 t.1.1857 17.9.1932, Hanna, <I>panl(HJI), pyc. renepan OT KaBaJIepl1H (14.4.1913), renepan-azrsroranr (15.12.1914) Ha nsopaa 47

6E3EJIEP (Beseler) Ianc Iapranr <pOH(27.4.1850, fpeH<pcBaJIb,Jl;,nOMepaHHJI - 20.12.1921), repsr. renepaJI-nOJIKOBHHK. CbIlI nporpeccopa, IOpHcTa. B anp. 1868 uasan CJIYIK6y B raap46

Mocxoscxofi ry6epmm. 06pa30BaHI:Ie nonyxan B fIalKeCKOM xopnyce (1877). BbIIIymeH B 8-rr YJIaHCKHrr B03HeceHcKHrr rrOJIK, acxope nepenenea B JIerr6-rBap.n;HH Iycapcxna nOJIK. YqaCTHHK pyc.vryperncoit BorrHbI 1877-78. C 8.9.1896 KOMaHznrp 9-ro YJIaHCKOro Byrcxoro nOJIKa, C 30.5.1900 KOMaH.n;Hp Kasaneprapncxoro nOJIKa, C 6.4.1904 KOMaH.n;Hp 1-rr 6pHra.n;bI 1-rr rnapzteircxofi KaB . .n;HBH3HH. C 6.11.1906 HaqaJIbHHK orpanepcxoa KaB. I1IKOJIbI. C 5.1.1909 HaqaJIbHHK 2-rr rsap.n;errcKorr KaB . .n;HBH3HH, C 29.1.1912 KOMaH.n;Hp raapzieiicxoro xopnyca. K KOHllY pa3BepTbIBaHHH pyc. apMHH B 1914 KOPrryc E. (1-H H 2-H raapneacicne rrex . .n;HBH3HH, raapneacxas CTpeJIKOBM 6pMra.n;a) Haxo.n;MJICH B Bapurase B peaepse CTaBKH. C HaqaJIOM BorrHbI B asr. 1914 xopnyc E. BOIlIeJI B COCTaB 1-H apMHH ren. fI.K. Pennenxasaupa, .n;errCTBOBaBIIIeH B BocTOqHOH fIpycCHI-I, ozmaxo yzce B anr, 1914 nepezran .n;JIHnonnepzoca 4-rr apMMH rea, A.E. 36epma. 26-27 aar. (5-6 cenr.) B 60HX Y TapHaBKH raapneiicxae qaCTM pa36HJIH repxr. rpynrry ren. P. <pOH Boiiptua H rrorpenaansni B npensurynnrx 60HX X aacrpo-senrepcxair xopnyc. B KaMnaHHIO 1914 rnapnas rrOHeCJIa THlKeJIbIe norepa; <paKTHqeCKH aa 1914-15 no-rm
rrOJIHOCTblO 6bIJI YHlIqTO:>KeH .n;oBoeHHhlH O<PHllePCKHH COCTaB 3a 60H ieopnyca 23-27.8.1914 E. rrOJIyqHJI Ieopraescxoe opyzcae. Bo BpeMH Hencroxoao- Kpaxoscxon onepallHH 8(21) HOH6. JIMKBH.n;HPOBaJI 06pa30BaBIIIHHcH npopsm rrpOTHBHHKa na CTbIKe 4-H H 9-H apMHH. B 1915 xoprryc BXO.n;HJIB COCTaB 12-H apMHH, a B xomte MIOHH 1915 nepeztaa B 3-10 apMHIO rea, JI.B. Jletua. B xozre Kpacaocrascxoro Cpa:>KeHHH [3-5 (16-18) HIOJIH] nanec nopascemre npyccxofi rsapnaa. Bsrcrynan rrpOTHB orxozta apMHM, CqHTaH He06xo.n;HMbIM pasBMTb ycrrex rnapztaa. 25.8.1915 E. nepeaeztea B pacnopazceHMe Bepxonnoro r JIaBHOKoMaH.n;YlOmero. 26.11.1915 nocne C03.n;aHHH zmyx (nxrecro ozmoro cyutecrnonaaurero) rsapzteriCKHX xopnycon, xoropsre 6bIJIH 06be.n;HHeHbI BMeCTe C rnap.n;eHcKHM KaB. xopnycou B rBap.n;eHcKHH OTPH.n;, E. 6bIJI naana-ten ero KOMaH.n;YlOmHM. fIPM nonroronxe HaCTyrrJIeHHH Cenepaoro <ppoHTaoTpH.n; E. 6WI cocpeztoroxen B HOH6. 1915 y BOJIOqHci<a. C 2.6.1916 KOMaH.n;YlOmHH BOHcKaMH Inapzmn, 26 HIOHH CTaBKa rrpHHHJIa penrenne nepezrars rJIaBHbIH yztap Kiro-Sananuovy <PPOHTY ren, A.A. Bpucunoea, H B COCTaB

xopnyca,

<PPOHTa nepeuren OTpH.n; E.: I rBap.n;eifcKHrr xopnyc (rea. OT KaBaJIepHH BeJIHKHH KHH3b fIaBeJI Axexcaanpoaas), II rnap.n;eifcKHH xopnyc (rea. OT KaBaJIepMH f.O. Payx) H rnapzreacKHH KaB. xopnyc (ren. OT KaBaJIepHH xan Iyccean HaxaxeBaHcKHH). 6(19) HIOJIH OTpH.n; E. 6bIJI BbI.n;BHHYT MelK.n;y 3-H (ren, JIeIlI) H 8-H (reu. A.M. Kaneouu) apMHHMH. OzmoapeMeHHO E. 6bIJIH rrepeztansr npaaodinauroaue xopnyca 8-H apMHH (I, XXX AK H V KaB. xopnyc) COCTaBHBIIIHe apsseiicKyIO rpyrrrry (B asr, 1916 rrpe06pa30BaHHYlO B Oc06ylO apMHIO). Ilepen E. rrOCTaBJIeHa sazrasa <pOpcHpoBaTb CTOXO.n; H aTaKOBaTb KOBeJIb C iora, 15(28) HIOJIH nepemen B nacrynneHHe. XXX AK (ren, A.M. 3aiioll1J.K06CKUii) <pOpcMpOBaJI CTOXO.n; H BKJIHHHJICH B paCrrOJIOlKeHHH rrpoTHBHHKa. I AK (rea, OT HH<paHTepHH A.A. .llYIlIKeBHq) ycrrexa He HMeJI, a Irsap.n;eHCKHHxopnyc B 60HX Y PaHMeCTa H Hesrepa nonec 60JIbI1IHe norepn, II rBap.n;eHCKHH xopnyc pa3rpOMHJI y TpeCTeHH H BOpOHqHHa rpyrrrry ren. 6apoHa B. <pOHJIIOTBHlla (ycHJIeHHbIH X AK). Bcero 15(28) HIOJIH rpyrrrra E. B3HJIa OK. 20,5 TbIC. rrJIeHHbIX (B r.x. 2 renepana) H 56 opyzmii. Ozmaxo E. He CMor HCrrOJIb30BaTb .n;OCTHrHYTbIH ycrrex H rrpHOCTaHOBHJI nacryn.nenae XXX AK, rrozrposnaa ero rro OCTaJIbHbIM xopnycav. Ilpezmpaaarue no 21 HIOJIH (3 asr.) nonsrnca E. HaHeCTH nopaacenae rrpOTHBHHKy ycrrexa He MMeJIH. B pe3YJIbTaTe B xozte KOBeJIbCKOrO cpaacenas E . .n;06HJICH JIHIIIb qaCTHqHbIX ycnexos, HO B lleJIOM orrepauna norepnena neyna-ty, Ko 2-MY KOBeJIbCKOMY cpaaceamo rpyrrrra E. nasana Ha3bIBaTbCH OCO60H apMHeH, onnaxo O<pHllHaJIbHO npaxas He 6bIJI OT.n;aH. B xonne MIOJIH rrepezt 3-H, 8-if apMMHMH M rpyrmori E. rrOCTaBJIeHa saztaxa OBJIa.n;eHHH KOBeJIeM. Ilposens CJIOlKHYIO neperpyrmaponxy, E. naxan aTaKY 26 MIOJIH (8 asr.). XXX AK .n;eHcTBOBaJI BHJIO, a I AK norepnen nopaacenne H 6bIJI OT6pollieH C norepeii OK. 4 TbIC. -ren, Taapnaa, rrOHeCH 60JIbIlIHe norepn y Kyxapcxoro xeca, raxxce .n;OJIlKHa 6bIJIa OTOHTH. 27 HlOJIH (9 asr.) E. npezmpnaan neynasnyio nonsrncy araKOBaTb II rBap.n;eHcKHM xopnycosr BHToHelK. 29 HIOJIH (11 asr.), xorzta neynaxa HaCTyrrJIeHHH CTaJIa HCHOH, aTaKH 6bIJIH rrpexpanrenu. 30 HIOJIH (12 asr.) OC06M apMHH nepeztana 3arra.n;HOMY <PPOHTY, a E. OTCTpaneH OT ee KOMaH.n;OBaHHH. Ilocne OKTH6pbCKOH peBOJIlOllHH yexan B 3MHrpallHlO.

48

49

UMM E. - P 6blJI naanaxen na rroqeTHbIi1 rrOCTxannrana 1- ro rrOJIKa MMrrepaTopcKoi1 rBap,ZJ;MM.B 5JHB. 1917 BhIlIIeJI B oTcTaBKY.

6EK-P)KMKOBCKII (Beck-Rzikowsky) <DPM,ZJ;PMX <pOH <Dpei16ypr, Epncray - 9.2.1920, Beua), rparp, aBCTpo-nearepcxna reHepaJI-rrOJIKOBHMK (26.2.1916). B MIOJIe 1867 - MIOHe 1881 rrpe3M,ZJ;eHT aoeinroii KaHl~eJI5JpMM,O,ZJ;HOBpeMeHHO C arrp. 1874 reHepaJI-a,ZJ;bIOTaHT <DpaHua- Hocndia I. B MlOHe 1881 naanasen HaqaJIbHMKOM feHIIITa6a. B OKT 1906 nozt ,ZJ;aBJIeHJIeM (/)pa1iu,a-(/)epJunanJa cxreuren co csoero nocra M 3aMeHeH rea. <D. Koupaoos« rjJonIemuenooptpo». B xa-recrae xoxmenca(21.3.1830,

6EJIOB (Below) OTTO <pOH(18.1.1857, .llaHUHr - 9.3.1944, Beaenxayaen, 6JIM3 Ierrnareaa), repxr. renepan nexorsr. ChIH
renepan-xtaiiopa, 6paT <D. <pOH EeJLOea. B 1875 BCTyrrMJI JIei1Tenaarox B 80-i1 rrex. rrOJIK, 3aTeM nepeseaea B 89-i1 rpenanepcKMi1 rrOJIK. B 1884-89 yqMJIC5J B Boenaoa aKa,ZJ;eMMM. 1889 C CJIY:>KMJI feHIIITa6e. C 1895 KOMaH,ZJ;Mp OThI 27-ro rrex. rrOJIKa, B P C 1897 - 6aTaJIbOna 35-ro rrex. rrOJIKa, C 1905 KOMaH,ZJ;Mp 19-ro rrex. rrOJIKa, C MapTa 1909 KOMan,ZJ;Mp 43-i1 rrex. 6pMra,ZJ;bI.C 1912 HaqaJIbHMK 2-i1 rrex. ,ZJ;MBM3MM (Hacreptiypr). C naqaJIOM BOi1HhI - KOMaH,ZJ;Mp peaepsnoro I xopnyca, BXO,ZJ;MBlliero B COCTaB 8-i1 apMMM, ,ZJ;ei1cTBoBaBIIIei1 na pyc. rpponre. B nasane fYM6MHeH - Ionsztancxoro Cpa:>KeHII5I MMeJI B asr. 1914 CTOJIKHOBeHM5J C qaCT5JMM IV pyc. AK B paiione Ionszrana, HO nM O,ZJ;Ha 3 CTOM pOH nepeneca He ,ZJ;OCTMrJIa. Y3HaB 0 nopaxenaa ocaosnsrx CMJI apMMM (I AK reno r. <pOH (/)pancya II XVII AK reu. A. <pOH Maxensenay, E. OT,ZJ;aJI npmcaa 06 OTXO,ZJ;e. 13(26) asr. xopnyc E. BMeCTe C XVII AK nanec nopazcenae VI pyc. AK, BblHY,ZJ;HB ero OTOi1TM K EHIUIIIc6ypry. 3aTeM xoprryc BXO,ZJ;HJI rpyrrrry, aaB 3HaqeHHYIO ,ZJ;JI5I'rrpeCJIe,ZJ;oBalIM5J xacrea orcrynaamen 2-i1 pyc. apMHM ren. A.B. Cauconoea. BMeCTe C I M XX AK ocymecraan OXBaT XIII H XV pyc. AK B paiioae KOMycIIIeHcKoro neca, aaBepllIMBHMC5J c,ZJ;aqei1 nnen pyc. xopnycon. I10cJIe pa3,ZJ;eJIenH5J B repsr. BOi1CK na Bocroxe na 8-IO H 9-10 apMHH xopnyc E. OCTaJIC5JB COCTaBe 8-i1 apMHH B BOCTOQlIOi1 ITpYCCMM. C 7.11.1914 KOMaH,ZJ;YlolUMi18-i1 apMMei1. B <peBp. 1915 BO BpeM5J 3MMnero Masypcxoro Cpa:>KeHH5J,OKOnQHBilierOC5J oxpyzcenaea QaCTei1 10-i1 pyc. apMMM rea. <D.B. Cueepca B paiione ABryCTOBCKMX JIeCOB, apMU5J nacrynana na rrpaBOM <pJIanre repsr. rppoara, 50

16.2.1915 uarpaacren opnenosr Pour Ie Merite, C 26 Ma5J rro 30 ,ZJ;eK.1915KOMan,ZJ;YloIUui1 Hesrancxoa apMMei1. B xO,ZJ;e nroP Illaaenscxofi onepanna [1(14) HIOJI5J-7(20) asr, 1915], HMe5J B (,OCTaBe apMHH 6 rrex. M 2 KaB. ,ZJ;HSM3I1H, rrex. H 2 KaB. 6pHra2 ,ZJ;bI, OT,ZJ;eJIhHbIX 2 OTp5J,ZJ;a (ncero OK. 120 ThIC. Qe.7I.npa 600 opy,ZJ;H5JX), <ppoHTe B 250 KM 3aXBaTMJI 0611IHPHYIO TeppHTopHIO na H OTTeCnHJI 5-IO pye. apMHIO reno IT.A. Ilneee K 3arra,ZJ;nou .llBlIne, 8(21) B35JJIIliaBJIlI, 12(25) - Ilonesezc, 7(20) aar. - MMTaBy. O,ZJ;naKO,ZJ;OCTlIrnyTh ocnoBlIOi13a,ZJ;aQM - paarpcva 5-u apMUH - E. He y,ZJ;aJIOCh. xO,ZJ;e B onepauaa E. ,ZJ;ei1cTBOBaJI CTOO PO:>KHO, HOr,ZJ;aepeIlIHTeJIbHO; 3a,ZJ;YMaHHhlUliM IIJIaH ,ZJ;BOUHOM n ro OXBaTa 6bIJI aauar C orr03,ZJ;aHHeMH OCYIUeCTBJIeH ne,ZJ;OCTaTOQnO 3<p<peKTMBHo. 30.12.1915 BHOBb B03rJIaBUJI 8-IO apsnno. C 13.10.1916 KOMan,ZJ;YIOmMUapMei1cKou rpynnu «EeJIon» n Maxeaomra. C 22.4.1917 KOMan,ZJ;. -u apMueu, paasepnyroit 6 B Ceeepaoa <DpanuuH B paiioae JIUJIJI5I. Ha n03MUMH ero apMHI1 B xO,ZJ;e nacTyrrJIeHI151 ren. P Hueenu HaHOCHJIa yztap 3-51 aHrJI. apMH5I. 27.4.1917 rrOJIyqHJI ,ZJ;y60Bhle BeTBI1 K op,ZJ;eHYPour Ie Merite. 16.9.1917 naanasen KOMaH,ZJ;YIOIUHM14-u apMl1ei1, co3,ZJ;anHou B paiione ITJIeuuo- TOJIbMHnO H3 8 aBCTp. H 7 repv. ,ZJ;HBH3Hli(1621 0PY,ZJ;UM, 01 MHHOMeT, 1000 rasoaeron). 3 ApMH5I E. curpana rJIaBHYIO POJIt> B 12-M cpazcenaa na Hsonno ( ecpaacenne rrpu Kanoperro»). K 3TOMY BpeMeHH B ee COCTas BXO,ZJ;HJIH ascrpo- BenrepcKHH AK ( <PeJIb,ZJ;MapIIIaJI IV -JIeHTenam IT<pe<p<pp), rpyrmsr <peJIbMapIIIaJI- JIeUTeHaHTa K. CKOTTH (XV aacrpo-aenrepciodl AK), ren, nexoru A. Kpaycca (I ascrponearepcxail AK), reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHTa r <pon lllTeuHa (III Baaapcxnn AK), renepan-nerireuaura A. <pOH Beppepa, a TaK:>Keaacrpo-nenrepcxnii AJIbrrHHCKHH Kopnyc reaepan-aaiiopa <pon Tysexa, 24 OKT. E. npopsan HTaJI. <pPOHT na 113oHUo aa yxacrxe <DJIHTQ- TOJIhMHHO H 3aXBaTHJI Kanoperro, 26 OKT. npopsrs ,ZJ;OCTMr 28-30 KM B IIIHpUHY H 10-15 KM B rJIy6Hny. ITepBhlM rrOCJIe,ZJ;CTBHeM nacrynneaas E. CTaJIa OTCTam<a ren. JI. Kaoopuu: 3 H05J6. E. <pOPCI1POBaJITaJIb5IMenTO, H HTaJI. BOUCKa 6blJIH BblHY)K,ZJ;enbIrrpO,ZJ;OJI:>KHTb OTXO,ZJ; ITh5JBe, KOTOPYIO K nepeIIIJIH 9 H05J6. B xO,ZJ;e oTcTyrrJIeUH5I HTaJI. apMH5J nOTep5IJIa 10 TbIC. 'leJI. y6HThIMM, 30 TblC. paneasma, 265 TbIC. rrJIeHHbIMH H 300 TbIC. neaeprapava, a TaK:>Ke3152 OPY,ZJ;H5J, 1732 MHBOMeTa, 3 TbIC. nYJIeMeTOB H ap, C 1.2.1918 KOMaH,ZJ;YIOIUHU -H apMHeu. 17

51

Y'laCTBOBaJI B aacrynnenna B I1RKap'z{HH 21 MapTa - 5 anp. 1918, BO BpeM5I xoroporo na ero BOHCKa (avecre co 2-H apsnrefi) B03JIO)KeHa aaztaxa HaHeCeHH5I rJIaBHOrO yzrapa. B xozte cpazceHH5I np0,Z{BHHyJIC5Ina rJIy6HHY,Z{0 18 KM. Bo BpeM5I AMbeHcKoH onepanna, B KOTOPOHBOHcKa D. npHHHMaJIH JIHIlIh naCCHBHoe ysacrne, OH 6bIJI BbIHY)K'z{eH H3-3a yrpossr C q,JIaHroB naaars OTBO,Z{ pMHH. I10CJIe naxana ofiutero HaCTynJIeHH5I COI03HHa KOB (26 cerrr.) npOTHB rr03HQHH apMHH D. pa3BepTbIBaJIHCh 'laCTH 1-H H 3-H aHrJI. apMHH, O,Z{HaKOrJIaBHhIM yzrap npaIlIe_:rC5I a COCe,ll~IOIOapMMIO. C 12.10.1918 KOMaH'z{YIOmHHHO~ BOHu1-H uapMHeH B lIlaMrraH~, C 8.11.1918 rJIaBHOKoMaH'z{YlomHH BOHCKaMH na 3arran:HoH rpannne. I10cJIe BOHHhI BhIIlIeJI B oTcTaBKY.

6EJIOB (Below) <l>PHQ BHJIhreJIhM Teozrop KapJI <pOH (23.9.1853, Zlamtar - 21.11.1918, BeHMap), repn. renepaa rreXOTbI. Bpar rea. O. <pOHEeJL06a. 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIY'lHJI B xa,Z{eTCKOMxopnyce, B anp. 1873 BCTyrrHJI JIeHTeHaHToM B 1-H rsapneiicxai! rrex. nOJIK. B 1885-88 H 1892-96 CJIY)KHJIB IenIlITa6e, B 1888-89 - B IlITa6e rsapzteiicxoro xopnyca, B 188991 - B !30eHHoM MHHHCTepCTBe. C 1891 KOMaH,Z{HpPOThI I-ro rBap,Z{e~cKoro rrex. rrOJIKa. C 1896 KOMaH'z{Hp 6aTaJIhOHa 4-ro rsapzteacxoro rpenanepcxoro rrOJIKa. C 1898 Ha'laJIbHHK IlITa6a III, C 1~99 - rsapneiicxoro xopnyca. C 1901 xonannnp 3-ro rnapn:eHcKoro rpenaaepcxoro nOJIKa. C 1906 renepan-xaaprnpMeH~Tep DOJIhIlIOro Ieanrrafia, C 1912 naxansmnc 1-H rnapzteiiCKOH n:HBH3HH. C na'laJIOM BOHnhI - KOMaH,Z{HpXXI AK B coCTaBe 6 -HapMHH xponnpnnna Basapcxoro Pynpexma, 'z{eHCTBou BaBIlIeH rozcnee Meua B JIoTapHHrHM. K 29 cenr., BMeCTe C 'lacThIO ~-H apMHH, xopnyc D. nepefipouren B paiion M06e)Ka C aanaxen nacrynars cesepnee COMMhI H OXBaTHTh JIeBhIH <pJIanr <ppaHQ. BOHCKMe)K,Z{yYa30H 11COMMOH. C 20 H05l6. nasara nepetipocxa xopnyca na BOCTOK. B 5InB. 1915 xoprryc BOIlIeJI B coCTaB Cq,0pM11pOBaHHOH 10-H apM11Hren. <pOH3iixzoplla, pasBepnyT011 OT T11JIb3HTa,Z{0 Hncrepoypra. Bo rnase xoprryca E. y'laCTBOBaJI B 3HMHeM Ma3YPcKoM cpaacenmr. 16.2.1915 narp~)K,Z{eH Opn:eHOM Pour Ie Merite. C 4.4.1915 KOMaH'z{YIOmHH 2-H apM11e11.Ha apM11IOD. rrp11IlIeJIC5IrJIaBHhIH yztap opraH1130nannoro COI03HhIM KOMaH,Z{OBaHHeMHacTyrrJIen1151 na COM Me

(1 MIOJI5I- 18 H05l6. 1916). I10cJIe 7-,Z{HeBHOHapr, non:rOTOBKH, B pe3YJIhTaTe KOTOPOHapMH5I D. norepana zro 50% apTHJIJIepHH, COI03Hhle BOHcKa 1 HIOJI5I nepeIlIJI11 B nacrynneaae H D. 6bIJI BhUIY)K,Z{encaars MOHT06an, Masrera, <l>HKYP, a 3 MIOJI5IOTBeJI rrpaKT11'leCK11yn11'lTO)KennhIH XVII AK, B pe3YJIhTaTe xero B 060poHe apM1111 06Pa3OBaJI11Ch 6peIlIH 116hlJl11OCTaBJIenhI Bapa, Me30neT H DHaIlI. BOCnOJIh30BaBIlI11ch rraY30H, D. cYMeJI 3aMeH11Th XVII AK 5 CBe)K11M11 'z{11B1131151M1111 opraH1130BaTh npo-rHyIO ooopony Y)Ke 5 HIOJI5Iaraxa <ppanQ. BOHCK6hlJla oT611Ta,11 B resenne neCKOJIhKIIX,MeC5IQeB COI03n11K11TaK 11He CMOrJIH ,Z{06UThC5Iycnexa, a 10 UIOJI5IOCTaBHJIH Baam. 3a 10 'z{HeHapM1151 YBeJIII'lena na 11 ,Z{11B11311Il, T5I)KeJIhIX 11 15...nerKlix E. 27 apr, 6aTapeH, 30 CaMOJIeTOB.Iepu. KOMan,Z{OBanMIOK 17 momo y,Z{aJIOCh naxrenars COOTnOIlIeHHe C11JI 3,8:1 no 1,6:1 II ycneurC no rrpOTHBOCT05lTh BOJICKaM COI03nHKOB. 11.8.1916 aa ycnexn na COMMe rrOJIY'lUJI 'z{y60Bhle BeTBH .K opneny Pour le Merite. 19.7.1916 apMU5I paazteneaa na zme: 1-IO 112-IO. 1-51apMH5I, KOMaH'z{YIOIQ11MKOTOPOll nasrra-ren D., 061>e,Z{11H11JIa ,Z{eHcTBII5I repsr. BOHCK cesepnee p. COMMa. K KOHQY asr. D. OTOIlIeJI na JIHnHIO aanazmee KJIepII- Mopena- fIOHeMoH-<l>JIep- Inananr., 3 cenr. apMH5I BOIlIJIa B COCTaB C03,Z{anHOH rpynnsr apMHH -«KponnpHnQ Pyrrpexr», a B naxane 1917 - B rpynny apMHH ~KpoHrrpIIHQ BHJIhreJIhM!>, 3aTeM C 1917 ,Z{eHcTBOBaJIa IllauB nana. B anp. 1917 na D. B03JIO)KenO PYKOBO,Z{CTBO repxr, 060poHOH BO BpeM5I aacrynzrenaa HHBeJI5I. 18.6.1918 rrepenenen na rrOCTKOMan'z{YIOIQero 9-H apMHeH, HO Y)Ke 7 asr. 3a'lHCJIeH B peaepa, 11.11.1918 BhIIlIeJI B orcrasxy

r.

6EJIbKOBllQ JIeoHH,Z{ HHKOJIaCBH'l (6.3.1859 - ?), pyc. renepan OT Hn<paHTepn:II (8.9.1917). 06pa30BaIIHe nOJIY'lHJI B 1- M I1aBJIOBCKOMyqHJIHIQe (1877) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH aKa,Z{eMHH Ienurratia (1889). BhIIIYIQeH B 38-10 apr. 6pn:ra,Z{y. Y'laCTHHK pyc-rypemcori BOHUhI 1877-78. C 26.3.1889 rro 20.4.1893 crapIlIHH a,Z{1>IOTaHT IlITa6a 41-H nex. ,Z{HBII3HH. B 1890-91 KOMau,Z{OBaJIPOTOH 161-ro nex. AJIeKCan,llpOnOJIhCKOrO nOJIKa. C 20.4.1893 IIITa6-o<pHQep npn ynpaBJIeHHH 1-H BOCTO'lHO-CU6HPCKOH, C 27.11.1897 - 1-M CTpeJIKOBOH6pHra,Z{hI, C 20.2.1899 naxansmnc IlITa6a CeMlinaJIaTIIHCKoM 06JIaCTll, C 12.8.1901 IIITa6-0<pHQep npn ynpaBJIeUHH 3-H nex. CH6HPCKOH 6pura,ZJ;hI.
53

52

C 18.6.1903 KOMaHJ],Hp 17-ro CTpeJIKOBoro nOJIKa. 7.9.1905 naanasen KOMaH,lllIpOM 2-H 6plIraJ],bI 35-H nex, J],lIB1I31I1I.Y'faCTHHK Pyc.-5InOHCKOH BOHHbI 1904-05, aa 60eBble OTJIH'fH5I irarpaaczten 30JIOTbIM opyzcaea (1905). C 7.10.1905 Ha'faJIbHlIK IIITa6a BOHCK 3a6aHKaJIbCKOH 06JIacTH. C 15.5.1907 KOMaHJ],lIp 1-H 6pHraJ],bI 4-H BOCTO'fHO-CH61IPCKOH CTpeJIKOBOH,lllIB1I3HH, C 24.9.1909 - 1-H 6plIra,n:bI 3-H nex. J],HBH3I1H.IIpl1 M0611JI113aQI1I1 19.7.1914 nOJIY'fI1JI B KOMaHJ],OBaHHe57-10 nex, J],HBH3HIO XLIV AK. C 26.7.1914 KOMaHJ],YIOIIJ;HH 15-ii nex, J],HBH3HeH,sa PYKOBO,llCTBO KOTOPOHB 5IHB. 1915 aarpazcnea opaeaon CB. IeOprH5I 4-H CTeneHH. C 5.7.1915 KOMaHJ],l1pXLI AK (3-5I 3aaMypCKa5I rrorpannsnaa 11 74-5I nex. J],HBH3IfH), BXOJ],HBIIIero B COCTaB9-H apMHH rea. II.A. JIettU~KOlO. Bo BpeM5I nacrynneHH5I IOro-3anaJ],Horo ¢poHTa B 1916 E. nopyseno oCYIIJ;eCTBJI5ITb J],eMoHcTpaUHIo tra Onry J],JI5Irronnepzcrcn XI AK rea. OT apTIIJIJIepHH rparpa M.A. EapaHQOBa, HaHocHBIIIero rJIaBllblH yztap. IIepeHJ],5I 22 Ma5I (4 HIOH5I) B nacrynneaae, HMeJI xpyrrHbIH TaKTH'feCKHH ycnex y OHYTa. 1.9.1916 xopnyc rrepenan B COCTaB7-H apMHH. 13.4.1917 nasnaxen KOMaHJ],YIOIIJ;HM ap7-H lI-meH IOro-3ana,llHOrO ¢poHTa. K Ha'faJIY Hronscxoro nacrynJIeHH5I 1917 apsraa paaseprsrsanacs B J],OJIHHefHHJIOH JIHUbI H BKJIIO'faJIa B ce6}l XXII, XXXIV, XLI, VII CH6HPCKHH H III KaBKa3cKHH AK. Crpynnaposaa aa npaaosr ¢JIanre yztapnyro rpynny 113XXII, XXXIV, XLI H VII CH6HpCKoro AK, 18 HIOH5I (111IOJI5I) OBJIa,lleJI2 (na rrexoropsrx Y'faCTKaX 3) YKpenJIeHHbIMH nOJIOCaMH, OTTeCHHBXXV H XXVII peaepnnue repxr. KOpnyca y Bpzceaan, a XXII AK (3-5I H 5-5I <PHHJI5IHJ],cKHeCTpeJIxonsre J],HBH3HH) oT6poCHJI XV 'ryp. xopnyc, KOHTpaTaKoH 19 HIOH}l (2 HIOJI5I) BOHcKa E. 6bI.1IHoT6poIIIeHbI H nee nepnona'faJIbUble ycnexn caezteasr na HeT. IIoTepH apMHH COCTaBHJII1 OK. 15 TbIC. xen.. norepn npOTHBHUKa - OK. 8 TbIC. xen. 20 HIOH}l OTCTpaHeH OT KOMaHJ],OBaHI15I, 26 HIOH5I aaaaaxen B pesepn a 'fimOB npn IIITa6e Kaeacxoro BO. 19.7.1917 rrepesenen B peaeps 'fHHOB npn IIITa6e MOCKOBCKOro BO. C 1918 CJIYlKHJI B Kpacnon apMHH.

fiEJlHEB MHXaHJI AJIeKCeeBU'f (23.12.1863, Jlerepoypr cenr, 1918, Mocxsa), pyc. renepan OTuH¢aHTepHH (6.12.1914). CbUI renepan-neareaanra, 06pa30BaHHe nOJIY'fHJI B MHxaH54

JIOBCKOM apr, yqHJIHme (1886) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH aKa,n:eMHHIeaIIITa6a (1893). Bsmyuten B 29-10 apr. 6pl1ra,n:y, scxope nepeneJ],eHBO 2-10 JIeH6-rBap,llHH apr, 6pHra,n:y. C 26.11.1893 cTapIIIuH a,n:1>IOTaHT IIITa6a 24- H nex, J],HBU3HH.C 15.1.1897 06ep-0¢HQep J],JI5I C06bIX nopysenari npn IIITa6e XVIII AK, C 8.12.1897 H.J],. O CTOJIOHa'faJIbHHKa fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a. C 3.12.1898 MJIaJ],IIIHH, C 17.4.1901 CTapIIII1H J],eJIOnpOH3BOJ],HTeJIb aHQeJI5IpHH BoeHHOK Y'feHOrO KOMHTeTa fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a. C 1.5.1903 Ha'faJIbHHK OTJ],eJIeHH5I fJIaBHOro IIITa6a. Y'faCTHHK pyc.-5InOHCKOH BOHHbI 1904-05; C20.2.1904 mrao-orpanep J],JI5I OC06bIX nopyqeHHH npa Ha'faJIbHHKe nOJIeBOrO IIITa6a HaMeCTHHKa na .llaJIbHeM BocTOKe rea. 51.[ JKUJlUllCKO.M, C 30.11.1904 H.J],.Ha'faJIbHHKa KaHuenspna nOJIeBOro IIITa6a 1-H MaHb'flKYPCKOH apMHH (yrseplKJ],eH 14.6.1905), C 13.8.1905 H.J],. Ha'faJIbHHKa KaHQeJI5IpHH IIITa6a rJIaBHOKOMaHJ],YIOIIJ;eroBceMM BoopY:>KeHHbIMH CHJIaMH, J],eHcTBYIOIIJ;UMH npOTHB 51noHHH. 3a 60eBble OTJIH'fH5I narpaacJ],eH30JIOTbIM opyzorexr (1905). C 5.12.1906 Ha'faJIbHHK OTJ],eJIeHH5I, C 17.3.1909 reaepan-xsaprupaeacrep Inaanoro IIITa6a. C 31.12.1910 Ha'faJIbHHK OTJ],eJIeHH5I o YCTPOHCTBYH cJIYlK6e n BOHCK fYfIII, OJ],HOBpeMeHHOC 20.3.1909 E. 5IBJI}lJIC5InoCTO}lHHbIM 'fJIeHOM fJIaBHOrO xpenocruoro KOMHTeTa. IIocJIe npoBeJ],eHH}lM06HJIH3aQHH·1.8.1914 naanaxen H.J],.Ha'faJIbHHKa IenIIITa6a (YTBep:>KJ],eH J],OJIlKHOCTH B 2.4.1916).23.6.1915 E. CTaJI OJ],HOBpeMeHHO nOMOIIJ;HHKOM soeanoro MHHHCTpa. CYMeJI npnotipecrn pacnOJIO:>KeHHeHMnepaTpHQbI AJIeKCaH.ll:pbI <PeJ],opoBHbI, KOTOPa5IB CBOHXrnrcsxrax K HMnepaTOpy HHKOJIaIO II neoJ],HOKpaTHOnpeztnarana KaHJ],HJ],aTYPY aa nOCT aoemroro MHE. HHCTpa. 10.8.1916 CH}lT C nOCTa Ha'faJIbHHKa feHIIITa6a U nasaaxea 'fJIeHOM Boennoro COBeTa II npeJ],cTaBIITeJIeM- pyc. KOMaHJ],OBaHIIH rrpn PYMbIHCKOH fJIaBHOH xsaprape. C 3.1.1917 BoeHHbIH MHHIICTp. Bo BpeM}l <PeBpaJIbCKOH peBOJIIOUHII cneJIaJI nonsrrxy cotipars BOHCKa J],JI5InpOTIIBoJ],eHcTBII5I BOCCTaHlIIO; no npaxasy E. KOMaHJ],YIomHH BOHcKaMII Ilerporpazrcxoro BO reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT C.c. Xa6aJIOB 061>}lBIIJI 27.2.1917 ropoa na OCa,n:HOM nOJIOlKeHHII. 27 rpeap. HanpaBIIJI B CTaBKY TeJIerpaMMY C npocb60H 0 npHCbIJIKe nazrezcnsrx xacrefi, a TaKlKe YHII'fTOlKHJI cexpernsre J],OKYMeHTbIMIIHHCTepCTBa. 1 srapra no paCnOp5llKeHIIIO Bpeuennoro npaBIITeJIbCTBa apecronan II noaemen B IIeTpOnaBJIOBcKYIO xperrocrs. Bctcope 6blJl oCB060lK55

.n;eH H 2 arrp. YBOJIeH B oTcTaBKY. Ilo rrOCTaHOBJIeHHIO Bpexrennoro rrpaBI1TeJIbCTBa OT 1 HIOJI5I BHOBb apeCTOBaH. .llorrpallHl:BaJIC5Iqpe3Bbl'-IaH:HOH: KOMHCCHeH: pexeaaoro rrpaBHTeJIbCTBa, B 6e3ycrrellIHo rrbITaBIlleH:C5I 06BlIHHTb O. B 3JIoyrroTpe6JIeHH5IX. Ilocne OKT5I6pbCKOH: peBOJIIOQHH OCB060)K.n;eH. YqaCTH5I B 06mecTBeHHOH: .n;e5lTeJIbHOCTHHe rrpHHHMaJI. B 1918 apeCTOBaH oprarrasor qK H paCCTpeJI5IH.

JiEM-3PMOJIH (Bohm- Ermolli) 3.n;yap.n; CPOH(12.2.1856, AHKoHa - 9.12.1941, Tporrrray, OOreMH5I H MopaBH5I), 6apoH (17.8.1917), aBCTpo-BeHrepCKHH: cpeJIb.n;MapllIaJI (31.1.1918). Ero OTeQ, rrOJIyqHBllIHH: aa cJIY)K6e qHH Maitopa, 6bIJI B 1885 B03Be.n;eH B rrOTOMCTBeHHoe .n;BOP5lHCTBO. 6pa30BaHHe nony0 qHJI B lleJITeHCKOM Ka.n;eTCKOMxopnyce H Tepe3HaHCKOH: aoeaHOH:axaztexraa. 1.9.1875 BCTymIJI JIeH:TeHaHToM B 4-H: nparyncKHH: rrOJIK (Bensc). Ilocne OKOHqaHH5I AKa.n;eMHH Iennrratia nepeseaen B 1878 B Ieaurrati, CJIY)KHJIB urrafie 21-H: rrex. 6PHrazrsr. C Ma5I 1897 KOMaH.n;Hp3-ro YJIaHCKOro rrOJIKa (Iponex), C arrp. 1901 -16-H: KaB. 6pHra.n;bI (llpec6ypr). B H05l6. 1903 iraana-ten KOMaH.n;HpOM7-H: KaB. .n;HBH3HH (Kpaxon). C arrp. 1909 KOMaH.n;Hp 12-H: rrex . .n;HBH3HH,C 1.11.1911 - I AK (nrrao - KpaKOB). Ilpn M06HJIH3aQHH 1.8.1914 naanaxen KOMaH.n;YIOIUHM 2-H: ap£.meH:, pa3BepHYTOH: rrpOTHB Cep6HH. B COCTaBapMHH BXO.n;HJIH IV (ren. K. Tepcmstncxu ¢Oll Haoacv, VII (rea. O. MeH:Kcnep CPOHUBeH:eHllITaMM) H IX (rea. JI. CPOH XOpllITeH:H) AK, a TaK)Ke nne rrex. H 10-51 KaB. (cpeJIb.D;MapllIaJI-JIeH:TeHaHT Maiip) .n;HBH3HH. Oztaarco, npa rrOJIyqeHHH H3BeCTH5I,qTO POCCH5ITaK)Ke nposena M06HJIH3aQHIO, apMH5I 6bIJIa B cnenraoa nopaarce nepefiponreaa B faJIHQHIO. O)KH.n;a51nepesoaxn, qaCTH apMHH 0.-3. aexoropoe BpeM5I3aHHMaJIH rr03HQHH rro Case H .llYHaIO, HO OKa3bIBaJIH JIHllIb naccnanoe BJIH5IHHe na XO.n; BoeHHbIX .n;eH:CTBHH:,T.K. 4 aar, HM 6bIJIO KaTerOpHqeCKH sanpemeno CPOPCHposars 3TH pexa. Ilepeoaaaponamre apMHH nponino B rexenae asr, H 12(25) asr. ee qaCTH, BbIrpY3HBllIHeC5I B CTaHHCJIaBOBe H Crpsre, 6bIJIH rrOrrOJIHeHbI qaCTbIO BOH:CKH3 rpyrmsr <D. KYMuepa. APMH5I rrOJIyqHJIa aazta-ry otiecnesarr, npoaenenne KOHrpyztapa 3-H: apMHH rea. P. Bpuoepuaua. K 13(26) anr, apMH5I 0.-3., HMe51scero 2,5 rrex. H 2 KaB. .n;HBH3HH,3aHHMaJIa CPPOHT B 70 KM H rrpOTHB Hee .n;eH:CTBOBaJIO CB. 13,5 pyc . .n;HBH3HH:.
S6

K 16(29) anr. apMH5I 6bIJIa notro.nnena rrpH6bIBllIHMH H3 Cep6HH .n;HBH3H5IMHH rpyrmoii ren. r Keeecca ¢Oll Keeecczasa. B xone faJIHq-JIbBOBCKOH: onepauni (asr. 1914) apMH5I 0.-3. rrorepnena nopazcenne OT 3-H: H 8-j;'I pye. apMHH:. 21 asr; (3 cenr.) apMH5I cocpenorouena rro HH)KHeMY TeqeHHIO BepeIUHQbI H noJIyqHJIa aaztasy nacrynars na JIbBOBCKOM HarrpaBJIeHHH. 27 a~r. (9 cenr.) 0.-3. rrOJIyqHJI npmcas nacrynars (coBMecTHo C 3-H H 4-H: apMH5IMH) na JIbBOB, ozmaxo H3-3a T5I)KeJIOro rrOJIO)KeHH5I, B xoropoe nenana 4-51 apMH5I, a TaK)Ke H3-3a OTCYTCTBH5Ino3HTHBHbIX pe3YJIbTaTOB na cppoHTax 2-H: H 3-H: apMHH: 30 anr, (12 cenr.) nasar OTXO.n;aBcTpo-BeHrepcKHx BOH:CKaa p.Can. B .n;eK. 1914 BOBpeM5I JIO.n;3HHCKOH: onepamra rrpHKPbIBaJI II PycCKYIO CHJIe3HIo. B 5IHB. 1915 BO BpeM5I 60eB B Kapnarax B apMHIO O. (BXO.n;HBllIYIO B rpyrrrry apMHH: P. CPOHBoiipma) BXO.n;H"JIH IV (ren, TepCT5IHCKH CPOHHaztac) H XII (rea, Kesecc CPOH Keseccraaa) ancrp. AK, a TaK)Ke rpyrrrra ren. M. CPOH Ianseuua. B CB5I3H C npopsraoa pyc. raJIHQHH:CKOrO CPPoHTa na ysacrxe fOpJIHQe- Tapuos (MaH: 1915) nponen nacrynnenne B nanpasneHHH na CaM60p, a 3aTeM 9(22).6.1915 3aH5IJIJIbBOB. C 15.9.191~ rro 25.7.1916 H C 4.10.1916 rro 21.1.1918 rJIaBHOKoMaH.n;YIOlllHH rpynnoii apMHH «oeM-3pMOJIH~; nxozraaureit BO CPPOHT~PHHQaJIeonOJlbaa Basapcxoro. Bo BpeM5I HaCTyrrJIeHH5I apMHH pyc. IOro-3arra.n;Horo cppoHTa nozt KOMaH.n;OBaHHeM ren, A.A. Epycunoea (1916) aa rr03HQHH apMHH 0.-3. nacrynana 11-51 pyc. apMH5I. Ilon .n;aBJIeHHeMpye. BOH:CK6bIJI BbIHY)K.n;eHcnars Bpo.n;bI,Pa.n;3HBHJIOB,360pOB H OTBeCTHBOH:CKana JIHHHIO 3JIOqeBCT05lHOB. B H05l6. 1916 npn nonrorosrce onepamni B PYMbIHHH B rpyrrrry apMHH: O. BXO.n;HJIHxposre ero e06CTBeHHOH: 2-H: apMHH: 3-51 apMH5I ren. K. Kupx6axa tbon JIaymep6axauH repja. Kiro-Sanannas apMH5I rea. <D. CPOHBomuepa. Bo 2-H apMHH .n;eH:CTBOBaJIH (cpeJIb.D;MapllIaJI-JIeH:TeHaHT CPOHKJIeTTep), IV IX (cpeJIb.n;MapllIaJI-JIeH:TeHaHT CPOHXOp.n;T), V (cpeJIb.n;MapllIaJIJIeH:TeHaHT <D. Ioznua) H XVIII (ren. K. QH6YJIKa; cpaKTwIecKH xopnyc COCT05lJI repsr, tmCTeH:)AK, a TaK)Ke rpyrrrra ren. nexorsr H3 36eHa. PYKOBO.n;HJI OTpaJKeHHeM nacrynnenaa pyc. apMHH, opraHH30BaHHoro BpeMeHHbIM rrpaBHTeJIbCTBOMB HIOJIe 1917, a 3aTeM nposen xoarpynap B HanpaBJIeHHH na Oneccy H B3M QepHOBQbI. Ha HIOJIb1917 eMY rro.n;qHHAAHCb H 3-51aBCTpO-searepcxae (ren, 2-51 TeCT5IHeKH CPOHHaaac), repx. IO)Klia51 (ren, Eorsrep) apMHH.
57

27.7.1917 uarpazezten repxr, opJ].eHOM Pour le Merite C J].y60BbIMII BeTB5JMII. 31.1.1918 nasnaxen rJIaBHOKOMaHJ].YIOllJ,IIM aBCTpO-BeHrepCKIIMII BOHCKaMII na YKpaIIHe. 24 cPeBp. na-ran HaCTYIIJIeHIIe na Ozteccxoxr HarrpaBJIeHIIII (BJ].OJIb)KeJIe:mOH J].Oporn JIbBOB, TepHOrrOJIb, )KMepIIHKa, BanH5JpKa, Onecca) npoTIIBOCT05JllJ,IIe BOHcKaM qaCTII Kpacnoii apMIIII OTXOJ].IIJIII6e3 6051. ITo COrJIallIeHlIIO C fepMaHIIeH 30Ha oKKynaU;IIII ascrpoaenrepcxoii apMIIII OXBaTbIBaJIa xacrr, BOJIbIHCKOH, IToJ].OJIbCKYIO,XepcoHcKYIO II EKaTepIIHOCJIaBcKYIo ry6epHIIII, HIIKOJIaeB, Mapaynons II Pocros-aa-Zlony 16.4.19182-51 apMII5J rrpeotipasonaaa B BOCTOqHYIO apMIIIO. B naxane MM CJ].aJI KOMaHJ].OBaHIIeapMIIeH ren. A. Kpaycy. B J].eK. 1918 BbIllIeJI B OTCTaBKY. )KIIJI B qexOCJIOBaKIIII, yqaCTII5J B 06ru:ecTBeHHoH )KII3HII He npIIUIIMaJI; npaBIITeJIbCTBO qexOCJIOBaKIIII Ha3Ha'lIIJIOeMY BblCOKYIOrreHCIIIO, B 1928 eMY 6bIJIO npIICBoeHO 3BaHIIe renepana apMIIII. IToCJIe oKKyrraU;IIII CYJ].erCKOH06JIaCTII B 1938 3a'lIICJIeU B BepMaXT II 28.10.1940 nOJIY'lHJI 3BaHHe noxernoro rrOJIKOBHHKa 28-ro rrex. rrOJIKa.

6EPHfAP):,(1I (Bernhardi) <t>PHJ].PHXcPon (22.11.1849, Ilereptiypr - 10.7.1930, Kynnepcztopdi), repxr. renepan xasa-

(.

6EHCOH (Benson) YlIJlb5JM Illepxepa (25.9.1855, rparpcrso BH66, ll.)KOPJ].JKH5J 1932), aMepHKaHcKHH aJ].MHPaJI (HIOHb 1930). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI B MOPCKOH aKaJ].eMHHCIIIA H B 1877 nasan CJIY)K6y na xopafine «Xaprrpopzr» B COCTaBeIO)KHOaTJIaHTHqeCKOH3CKaJ].Pbl.C 1II0JI5J1909 - Ha'laJIbHHK urraoa THXOOKeaHCKoro cPJIOTa.C 1910 KOMaHJ].HpKopa6JI5J «OJI6aHH~. B 1911-13 KOMaHJ].OBaJI KpynHeHllIHM BoeHHbIM Kopa6JIeM B MHpe - «fpeHT IOTa~. B 1913 npHH5JJI KOMaHJ].OBaHHeHaJ]. <t>HJIaJ].eJIbcPHHcKOH6a30H BM<D. C MM 1915 Ha'laJIbHHK MOPCKHX oneparnrii BMC CIIIA. Ero nenocpencraenasnr Ua'laJIbUHKOM 5JBJI5IJIC5J llITaTcKHH rrOJIHTHK )K03ecPYc .n:aHH3JIbC,H B pyxax B. cPaKTH'leCKH 6bIJIO CKOHu;eHTpHpOBaHOPYKOBOJ].CTBO BceM onepaTHBUOH pa60TOH BM<t>. Pa3pa60TaJI nnansr J].eHcTBH5J BM<D aa CJIY'laM BCTyrrJIeUH5JCIIIA B BOHUY, OCHOBUOHero 3a60TOM CTaJIa paapafiorxa Mep rro rrpoTHBoJ].eHcTBHIO rrOJ].BOJ].HbIM JIOJ].KaM fepMauHH. Bsrcryrran rrpOTHB HCrrOJIb30BaHH5J HaJ].BOJ].Horo cPJIOTaCIIIA B aoemrax J].eMcTBH5JX Espone. B 1919 OCTaBHJI B CJIy3K6y na cPJIOTe.B 1920-28 npeztceztarens AMepHKaHcKoro xopafensnoro COBeTCl, 1921-25 1-H rrpe3HJJ.eHT B Hau;HOHaJIbHOro COBeTaKaTOJIHKOB. moue 1930 BHOBb3a'lHCJIeHB crrHCKHcPJIOTa. B
58

JIepHI1. CbIH J].l1rrJIOMaTa.B 1869 BCTyrrl1JI B 14-H rycapcxaii nOJIK. Y'laCTHHK cPpanKo-npyccKoH BOHHbI 1870-71. Ha napaJ].eB secrr, nofieztsr on rrepBbIM 113 aexuen npouren nozt TpnYMcPaJIbnOH apxofi. B 1873-77 Y'lHJIC5JB Boennoii aKaJ].eMI1H. B 1879-81 CJIY)KI1JIB Iennrrafie. C 1891 BoeHHbIM arrame B IIIBeMu;apl1l1. C 1894 KOManJ]."p 20-ro zrparyacxoro nOJIKa, C 189'7 Ha'laJIbHHK nrrafia XVI AK. C 1908 Ha'laJIbHI1K BoeHHOI1CTOpl1'leCKoro OTJ].eJIen115J BOJIbllIOrO Iemnrafia. C 1890-x rr. 3aHI1MaJIC5J pa3pa60TKoH nOXOJ].OB <Dpl1J].pHxa BeJII1Koro; 3aTeM BbIrrycTI1JI p5JJ]. a60T rro 06Ull1M nonpocast aoennoro I1CKYCCTp na - «3JIeMeHTbI CQBpeMeHuoM BOHHbI» (1898); rro opraanaaU:I1Hrepa. apMl111- «Pa3BI1Tl1e repM. aepsraxra» (1898), a TaK)Ke B 06JIacTI1 KaBaJIepl111 - «CJI~6a KOHHI1U;bH>. 1901 KOC MaHJ].l1p 31- M KaB. 6pl1raJ].bI, C 1904 UaqaJIbHI1K 7 - H J].I1BH31111, B 1908-09 KOMaHJ].HpVII AK, C 1909 B pesepne. B 1912 DbIIlYCTI1JI1lII1POKO06CY)KJ1.aBllII1HC5JDoeHUbIX xpyrax KaK Iepuanaa, B TaK"ILJJ.p.CTpaH rpyz «fepManl15J 116YJ].yru:M DOHlIa~ (D pyc. rrepesoae - «CoBpeMeUUa5J BOHHa~, CITB, 1912), D KOTOPOHB T.'l. rrIICaJI: «HallIH rrOJII1Tl1qeCKIIe3aJ].a'll1He BbIIlOJIlll1MbI H ne paspellIHMbI 6e3 Meqa~. C'lIITaJI, qTO JJ.JI5I rrpII06l?eTeHII5J «rrOJIO)KeHII5J, xoropoe COOTDeTcTDyeTMOllJ,11namero aaponas-, BOHHa He06xOJ].I1Ma;DOHua J].OJI)KHa CTaTb 06eCrre'leHl1eM 6YJ].yru:ero pa3BHTH5I fepMaHHII, a ee uens - J].06IITbC» Ml1pOBOrO MorYllJ,eCTBa 11 c03J].aTb KOJIOHl1aJIbHYIO HMrreplIIo. B. onposepran Te311C A. cPOHIllnudubena 0 TOM, 'lTO BOHHa MO)KeT 6b~Tb TOJIbKOCKOPOTeqUO~. CTOPOHUIIK )KeCTKI1XMeTOJ].OB BeJ].eHH5J OHHbI - He OCB TaHaBJIIIBaTbC5JHH nepea 'leM, qT06bI HaHeCTI1nopazceaae npoTMBHI1Ky 11npaayznrrs ero K KanIITYJI5JU:I1I1. IIe.lIOM asrcrynan B npOTI1B 4:KaHH~ Ill.rnqxpena, C'lI1TM, 'lTO 60JIee nepcnexrasHa5I cPopMa J].eHCTBI1H npopsm ¢POHTa 060POHbl. C na'laJIOM BOMHbI 2.8.1914 naanaxea 3aMeCTI1TeJIeM KOMaH)J,I1paV AK na BOCTO'lHOM cPpoHTe B COCTaBe rpynnsr P. cPOH Boiipuia. YqaCTBOBaJIB 605JX B paiione I1HHcKa H na BOJIbIHIi. 3.6.1916 non ero KOMaHJ].OBaHHeM C¢OpMIIpoBaH CBOJ].HbIH xopnyc ( 4:xopnyc Bepnrapzno ). Bo BpeM5I llIOJIbCKOrO HacTynJIeHH5I 1916 B coCTaB rpynnst B. BXOJ].HJIIIcxreuramras J].HBH3H5Irenepan-xranopa Pyure H 11-5I 6aBapCKa5J J].IIBH3II5I renepan-neirrenanra
59

<pOHKHOi1:c{;Ju{ (B CJIe,Zl;YIOIl{eM MeC51ueOHa sasrenena 107- H nex. ,ZI;HBH3HeHreaepan-aaaopa XaH,ZI;Op<pa).B onepaTHBHOM OTHOlIIeHHH rpyrrna E. 6bIJIa nO,Zl;'IHHeHa KOMaH,ZI;YIOIu;eMY 4-H aBCTpo- aearepcxoii apMHeH ren. K. TepCtn.RliC1COMYipo« Haoac. B asr. B ee COCTaBe C03,Z1;aHa pMeHCKa51 rpyrrrra nozt KOMaH,ZI;OBaHHeM a E., B KOTOPYIO KpOMe c06cTBeHHo rpyrmsr E. BOlliJIH ascrponearepcxae II AK (<peJIb,Zl;MaplIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT 10. Kaiiaep), KOprryc ren. neXOTbI <DaTa H KaB. xopnyc ren, KaBaJIepHH <pOHXayepa. K H0516. ero rpynrra Y)Ke BXO,Zl;HJIa rpynrry apMHH JIHHB 3HHreHa H 51BJI51JIaCb ,Zl;OCTaTO'lHO MOIl{I-IOH CHJIOH. B nee K STOMy BpeMeHH BXO,Zl;HJIH (<peJIb,Zl;MaplIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT Kaiiaep), II XXII ( <peJIb,Zl;MapUIaJI -JIeHTeHaHT A. Kpaycc) ascrpo- senrepcxae AK, VII ascrpo-searepcxaa KaB. xopnyc reaepan-aaiiopa MapeHUH, rpynna reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHTa <PoH Bepmrrua H KaB. KOPnyc Xayepa. 20.8.1916 narpazczten Op,Zl;eHOMPour Ie Merite, a 15.5.1918 nOJIyqHJI,ZI;y60Bble BeTBH. 6.10.1916 nOCTaBJIeHBOrnase 55-ro renepansnoro KOMaH,ll;OBanH51 OCTaBaJIC51a STOMrrocry H a ,ZI;O xonua BOHHbI. B 1917 KOMaHJI.OBaJI060pOnHTeJIbnOH rpynrraponrcoii B paiione KOBeJIK 11.11.1918 BbIlIIeJI B oTcTaBKY. AJIb6epT <pon (1857, Yarepxoxen, BIOPCea- Iorapn, 6JIH3 Y,ZI;HHe,1TaJIH51), repsr, I renepan-nefirenarrr, Ilepezt Ha'laJIOM BoiilIbI KOMaH,ZI;OBaJI 31-H - nex. ,ZI;HBH3ueH,KOTOPa51B aar, 1914 sonrna B COCTaBXXI AK

OOJIblIIOH ycrrex. O,Zl;HaKOB xone nacrynneana 06'be3)KaBlIIHM rr03HUHH xopnyca E. CTOJIKHYJICa C oTCTynaBlIIHMH 'IaCT51MlI 6epCaJIbepOB H 6bIJI y6HT.

6EPPEP (Berrer) TeM6epr - 28.10.1917,

ren. <D. <POI-I enoea 6-H apMUH. 27.8.1916 nOCTaBJIeH BO rnase B 51- ro rerrepansnoro KOMaH,ZI;OBanU51, xoropoe TaK)Ke CTaJIOHMenOBaTbC51 apMeHcKoH rpyrrrroii ~Eeppepl>. Ero rpynrra 6bIJIa nepefipourena aa BOCTO'lUbIH <pPOUT(B apMHIO rea. A. JIU1I3UIizeua) nOCJIe T51)KeJIoro nopaaceana aBCTpO-BeurepCKHX BOHCK BO BpeM51 I1IOJIbCKOrO nacTynJIeUH51 pyc. apMHH. Ipynna 6bIJIa pasnepnyra B paHone 3JIO'leBa. 3a ycnexn B cTa6HJIH3aUHH <PPOHTaE. 278.1917 6bIJI aarpaxoren opnenosr Pour Ie Merite. B COCTaBe 14-H apMHH rea. O. <pOHBenoea yqaCTBOBaJI B rrooe,ZI;OHOCnOM cpaacemm npa Kanoperro 24.10.1917. Cnpasa OT Hero ,ZI;eHCTBOBaJI xopnyc rea. r. <pOHIllmeiiua, CJIeBa - xopnyc ren. K. Cxommu. B COCTaBeero xopnyca (KOTOpbIH TaK)Ke HMeHOBaJIC51 rpynnoii Beppepa) ,Zl;ei1:cTBOBaJIH 26-51 mopreutieprcKa51(renepan -JIeHTt'HanT <pOHXodiaxep) H 200-51 (reaepan- MaHop f. <pon EeJIOB) nex. ,ZI;HBH3HlI. Hacrynan aa Y,ZI;HneH lIMeJI 60

6EPTJIO, EepTeJIO (Berthelot) AHpH-MaTTHaC (7.12.1861, <Dopc - 1931, Ilapnzc), rppamt. ,ZI;HBH3HOHHbIH renepan (1915). 06pa30BaHlIe rrOJIyqHJI B CeH-CupcKOH BoeHHOH lIIKOJIe (1883) U AKa,ZI;eMHHIemuraoa, CJIY)KUJI npeHMYll(eCTBeHHo na nrratinsrx ,Zl;OJI)KHOCT51X. 1907 CJIY)KHJI B Iemnratie, C 1913 nOMOll(HHK C Ha'laJIbHHKa. B aaxane BOHHbI COCT051JI npn lIITa6e ren. )K. JKocjJcjJpa H UMeJI 60JIblIIOe BJIH51HHe na aezrenae onepanaii. BnocJIe,Zl;CTBHU KOMaH,ZI;OBaJI 53-H ,ZI;HBlI3HeHU XXXII xoprrycosr non Bepztenoa. B cenr, 1916 nanpaanen BO rnase noennoii MUCClIH B PYMbIHHIO. OKa3bIBaJI ,ZI;aBJIeHHe pyc. KOMaH,ZI;OBaHHe, na rpe6YH nOCbIJIKH na PYMbIHCKHH <pPOHT ,ZI;OnOJIHUTeJIbHbIXnoztI<penJIeHUH, He Y'lHTbIBa51 ofimero XO,Zl;a noeansrx ,Zl;eHCTBHH na BOCTO'lHOM <PPOIITe. Ilocne pasrpova PYMbIHCKOH apMHH npnHHMaJI aKTHBHoe Y'laCTHe B ee peopranaaauan. 5.7-7.10.1918 KOMaH,ZI;OBaJI 5-H apMHeH B Illaanana. C HIO.lI51no OKT. 1918 KOMaH,ZI;YIOIl{HH nYHaHcKoH apMueH. B n0516. 1918 nO,Zl;nlICaJIC rrpe,Zl;CTaBHTeJIeM6eJIbIX apMHH ren. n.r. II!ep6a1Jel3'blM ByxapeCTCKoe COrJIalIIeHHe, no KOTOPOMY OT UMeHH <ppaHU. KOMaH,Zl;OBaHH5106513aJIC51 BblCTaBHTb na tore POCCHII,Zl;O12 <ppaHKo-rpe'IeCKHX ,ZI;UBH3HH.B351Tble na ce651 E. 06513aTeJIbCTBa BbIIIOJIHeHbI He 6bIJIH. B 1919 - KOMaU,Zl;YIOIl{UHBOHcKaMlI COI03IUIKOB na lOre POCCHH. B ,ZI;eK.1919 nasnaxen BoeUUbIM ryfepnaroPOM Crpacfiypra. B KOHue 1920-x rr. KOMan,Zl;OBaJI pMeHcKlIM a xopnycosr BO <DpaHUlIH. qJIeH Bsrcnrero soeanoro conera.
- 2.2.1929, (6.12.1913). 06pa30BauHe nOJIy'lHJI B 1-M llaBJIoBcKOM Y'lUJIHll(e H HHKOJIaeBCKOH aKa,Zl;eMHH Ienurratia (1881). Y'IaCTHUK pyc.vrypeuKOH BOHHbI 1877-78. C 1893 KOMaU,Zl;Hp257-ro nex. IloTHHcxoro nOJIKa, C 28.11.1899 - 81-ro rrex. Amnepoacxoro nOJIKa. C 27.11.1902 Ha'laJIbHlIKlIITa6a II KaBKa3cKOfo AK. C 29.7.1905 OKPY)KUOH renepan-xeaprnpaeiicrep. C 31.1.1907 Ua'laJIbUHK IIITa6a Kasxaacxoro ·BO. 29.1.1913 naaaaxen KOMaU,ZI;HpOM XXIV AK. 2.1.1914 rrOJIyqHJI B KOMaU,ZI;OBaUHe KaBKa3CKHH II 61

6EPXMAH Ieoprnit 3,Z1;yap,ZI;OBH'I(3.4.1854 Mapcens, <DpauUH51), pyc. renepan OT mnparrrepaa

AK (20-R: II 39-R nex. ,n:HBH3Hn), C KOTOPblM BCTyrrHJI B BOlmy B COCTaBe 10-ll (C HOR:6. 1914 -1-ll) apMHH. 11.12.1914 nepeae,n:eHna nOCT KOMaH,n:Hpa I Kaaxascxoro AK, ,n:CllcTBoBaBillero na KaBKa3cKoM TB,ll. COCTOR:Ha'laJIbHHKOM Capsncausnucxoii rpynnsr BOllCK, nposen 6JIeCTR:Il(YIOonepaumo, 06eCrrC'lHB rrOJIHyIO nooeny nozt CapbIKaMbIIllCM. 3a aTH ,n:ellcTBHR:E. 26.7.1916 6bIJI aarpscszten opneaou CB. Ieoprna 4-ll CTeneHH. 4.2.1915 3a'lHCJIeH B paCIIOpR:)J(eHHerJIaBIIOKOMaH,n:YIOIQerOKaBKa3CKOll apMHell. 13.11.1916 BHOBb BepHYJICR:na KOMaH,n:HbICrrOCTbI B ,n:ellcTByloII~YIO apMHIO .II Ha3Ha'lCH KOMaH,n:HpOMXL AK, BXOztnnnrero B COCTaB9-ll apMHH. Ilocne cDeBpaJIbCKOll PCBOJIIOQHH BO BpCMR:O'lCPC,n:HOll'lnCTKH KOMCOCTaBa5.4.1917 OTCTpaHCH OT KOMan,n:OBaHIIR:xoprrycou .II 3a'lIICJIeH B pC3CpB 'lHHOB npn urrafie Kaaxascxoro BO. B Ipaxctancxyio BOllHY E. COCTOR:JIB pacrropazceaaa rJIaBHOKOMaH,n:YIOIl(ero BCIOP. 3BaKYHPOBaJICR: 'laCTR:MH Pyc. apMHH H3 Kpsnra B KOHcTaHTHHOrrOJIh, C 3aTeM nepeexan B EOJIrapHIO. C 1922 )J(MJIB CO<pHH, HO nosace YCXaJI BO cDpaHQHIo. COCTOR:JIHa'laJIbHHKOM MapCCJIbCKOrO OT,n:eJIeHHHPOBC.

MU BOHcKaMII (0<pIIQHaJIbHO 6hIJI naanaxen B CCUT. 1916). B 1916-17 cpaacancs BO cDpaUQHH. HeCMOTpR: na TO, 'lTO ero qaCTIf ,n:CHCTBOBaJIII KpaHHC ycneumo, E. nOCTOHUUO06XO,n:IIJIII npn Ua3UaqCHIIHX. fIPII'lIIHOH aroro 6bIJIa aHTIIUaTIIR: KOM~U,ll,yIOIQcr<?6pIITaHCKIIMII BOHCKaMH BO cDpaUQIIH rea. Jl. Xeiua, nOCTOR:UUO 06BIIHR:BIllCrO E. B uapYillCHIIII ,ll,IICQHUJIHUbI. 31.5.1918 CMCUIIJI rea. f. rocjJa na nOCTY KOMau,n:YIOIQCrO 5-H apMIIcH, pa3rpoMJICUUOH B xozte repss. HaCTyrrJICUIIR B Ilnxap,ll,IIII. PYKOBO,n:IIJIapMIIcH BO BpCMR: 06IQcro nacryrinenaa coI03UIIKOB B 1918, uaUOCR: yztap IO)J(UCCcDJIaH,n:pCKOHrpynnsr. fIoCJIC OKOH'laUHH BOHUbI UOJIy'lIIJI 10 TbIC. CPYUTOBCTCPJIIIUrOB II BCPUYJICR: HU,n:IIIO, rzte rrOJIy'lIIJI Ua3Ua'lCUIIC KOMan,n:yB IOIQHM CCBCPUOHapMHcH. B 1925 Ua3Ua'lCU rJIaBUOKOMau,n:yIOIl(HM B HU,ll,HH. B 1930 rrOKHUYJI ,n:CHCTBIITCJIbUYIOBOCUUYIO CJIY)J(6y H rrOJIy'lIIJI ua3Ua'lCUHC reuepaJI-ry6epHaTopoM ABCTPaJIHH.

Iilf.l(BYJJ; (Birdwood) YHJIbR:M PHUUeJIb (13.9.1865, KHPKell, HH,n:HR:- 17.5.1951, JIoH,n:oH):6apoH AH3aKcKHH H TopTCCKHll (1919). aHrJI. <pCJIb,n:MapillaJI (1925). CbIli'lHHOBHHKa 6pHTaHcKoH a,n:MHHHCTpaQHHB Hn,n:HH. 06pa30BaHHc nOJIy'lHJI B KJIH<pTOHCKOMKOJIJIC,n:)J(C KOPOJICBCKOllBOCIIHOll aKa,n:CMHH H (Cannxypcr). B 1883 naxan CJIY)J(6y JICllTeHaHToM B KOPOJICBCKOMIllOTJIaH,n:CKOM<PY3HJICPHOM nOJIKy. B 1885-89 CJIY)J(MJI B 11-M ECHraJIbCKOM YJIaHCKOM UOJIKy. B 1889-1902 - B urrafe 6pIITaHcKoH apMIIII B IO)J(HOH A<pPIIKe, Y'laCTHIIK anrno-fiypcKOll BOHHbI. B 1912 nepesenea B ynpaBJICHIIC HH,n:IIltCKOH apMHH na ,n:OJI)J(UOCTbCKpCTapR:. B apMIIII nOJIyqIIJI np03BIIIQC c .EIIp,n:H~ (<<fITII'tKa~). Ilocne Ha'IaJIa BOHHbI B UOR:6. 1914 na3Ha'lCH KOMaH,n:HpOMaBCTpaJIIIHCKOro II UOB03eJIan,n:CKoro apMCHCKOro xopnyca (ANZAC), paasepayroro B EmIITc. Ilon cro KOMau,n:OBaHIICMANZAC npIIHR:JI yxacrae B Jlap,n:aHeJIJIhCKOH onepanan, B 6oR:x na nOJIyocTPOBC faJIJIHnOJIH. 19.11.1915 npaHR:JIKOMaH,n:OBanHC Jlap,n:aHCJIJIhCKOHapMIIcH. fIoCJIC aasepureHUH onepanaa ANZAC 6bIJI npeofipaaosan B 2 xopnyca H E. aaanaxen KOMau,n:YIOIQIIM ABCTPaJIIIHCKUMH aKcnc,n:IIQIIoHUhI62

IilfHf (Byng) Jl)J(YJIHCU Ienyopzt Jl)J(op,n:)J( (1 t9.1862, YpoTxcM-fIapK - 6.6.1935, 3CCCKC), BIIKOHT, OOPOH BHMII H Toyn S,3CCCKCC(7.10.1919), aHrJI. CPCJIb.lI:MaPillaJI (1932). MJIa,n:IllHH CbIli rpadia CTacpcpop,n:a. 06pa30BaHHC nOJIy'lHJI B H TOUC H AKa,n:CMHII Iennrraoa. B 1883 BCTynIIJI JICHTCHauToM B 10-H KOPOJICBCKHHrycapcKHH nOJIK B HU,n:HH. Y'laCTBOBaJI B CynanCKOHaKcnc,n:HQHH. B nasane aurJIO-6YPCKOH BOHHbI 1899-1902 KOMaH,n:HpoBau B KancKYIO KOJIOUIIIO, rzte CPOPMHpOBaJI'laCTH 'IQ)J(uoa<pPHKaHcKoH JICrKOH KaBaJICpHH, KOTOPaR: on PYKOBO,n:n CTBOME. Y'laCTBOBaJIa B oCB060)J(,n:CUHH JIC,n:HcMHTa.fIoCJIC 3aKJIIO'lCHHR: MHpa - Ua'laJIbUHK KaB. IllKOJIbI. C 1905 xoxannap KaB. 6pHra,n:bI, C 1910 - Ha'laJIbUHK BOCTO'lHo-AnrJIHHCKOH TCPPHTOPHaJIbUOll ,n:HBH3IIH. C 1912 KOMaH,n:YIOIQHHoKKynaQIIoHUOH apMHcH B ErIInTC. B apMHII rrOJIy'lHJI np03BHIQC «EHHro~. B OKT. 1914 OT03Bau B BCJIHK06pHTauHIo, orrcyzta BO rJIaBC 3-H KaB. ,n:HBH3HH IV AK rCH. r. pOYJlUllCOHa OTnpaBJICU aa cppauQ. <PPOHT.C MaR: 1915 KOMau,n:OBaJIKaB. icopnycox, no Y)J(CB asr, KOMaH,n:HpoBaHB paiioa Jlap,n:aUCJIJI,n:JIR: KOMaH,n:OBaUHR: AK, IX BO rJIaBC xoroporo npOBCJI ycnenmoe uacTynJICHHC aa CaJIbBa6CH. fIoCJIC nponana Jlap,n:aHCJIJIbCKOHaKcnc,n:HQIIH, CTOHBillCH 60JIbIllHX noreps, E. B ,n:CK.1915 ycnemno BbIBCJI CBOHBOHcKa C faJIJIHnOJIH. BcpuyJICR: BO cDpaHQHIO, rne C <pCBp. 1916 KOMaH63

AK, a C MaJI - KaHMcKIIM KopnYCOM, KOTOPbIH non KOMaHlJ;OBaHlIeM E. npOCJIaBIIJICa B AnpeJIbCKOM HacTynJIeHlI1I 1917, rzre na ero lJ;OJIIOnsman HalI60JIee xpyrmsrii ycnex (12 anp. B3aJI paiion BIIMMII). B 1II0He 1917 CMeHIIJI rea, 3. AJ1Jle1l6u no nOCTY KOMaHlJ;YIOIIJ;erO3-H apaaeii, no nJIaHY E. II rrozr ero PYKOBOlJ;CTBOMpaapatioran nJIaH cpazceaaa non KaM6pe. .llJIa lJ;OCTIIJKeHlIa BHe3anHOCTlI E. orxasanea OT npensaparensHOH apr. nOlJ;roToBKII II penmn paCqlICTIITb nopory CBoeH nexore IICKJIIOqlITeJIbHO OlJ;HIIMII TaHKaMII. nJIaHOM rrpeztycnarpasanca rrpopsrs ~JIIIHIIII 3IIr<pplIlJ;a~, BbIXOlJ;B TblJl npOTIIBHIIKa K tory OT Cance II K 3anMY OT Cesepnoro xaaana C pasBIITlIeM ycnexa na Banancsen. K HaqaJIY onepauna B COCTaBapMlI1I BXOlJ;IIJIO 8 nex., 3 KaB. lJ;IIB1I31I1III 3 TaUKOBble 6plIrMbl (scero 72 TbIC. neXOTbI, 20 TbIC. xaaanepan, 1536 nYJIeMeTOB, 1009 opylJ;IIH, 378 60eBblx II 98 BcnOMOraTeJIbHblX TaUKOB, 1000 CaMOJIeTOB), na 3TOM yxacrxe <ppoHTa CIIJIbI npOTIIBHIIKa zrocrnrann 36 TbIC. sen. npn 224 opyzmax, 272 MIIHoMeTax II 900 nYJIeMeTax. Ha paccsere 20.11.1917 na Bbl6paHHoM rpponre B 15 KM BbllJ;BIIHYTO 360 TaHKOB, sa KOTOPbIMII CJIelJ;OBanaHacTynaIOIIIaJI nexora. E. JIerKO OBJIMeJI 2 nepasnrn JIIIHlIaMII ~n03IIIIIIII 31Ir<pplIll:a~ na 8 KM B rJIy61IHy. Iepu <pPOHT 6hlJl rrpopsan aa ysaCTKe B 12 KM, HO E. He ycnen BBeCTII B npopsm xasanepmo II norepan speser, B pe3YJIbTaTe xero KaB. xopnyc 6blJl OCTaHOBJIeH CIIJIbHblM apr, II nYJIeMeTHhlM ornext. 20 Hoa6. BOHCKa E. 3aXBaTlIJIlI 8 TbIC. nJIeHHhIX, OK. 100 OpylJ;IIH, nonecs npn 3TOM aeana-nrrensnsre norepn. 29 Hoa6. repsr. BOHcKa, nonysnaume nozncpennenaa, OKOHqaTeJIbHO OCTaHOBIIJIII nacrynnenae E. H HaHeCJIII KOHTpYlJ;ap, B pe3YJIbTaTe xoroporo E. nOTepHJI OK. 9 ThIC. nJIeHHbIMII, 716 nYJIeMeTOB, 148 OpylJ;IIH II 100 TaHKOB. 5 nex. aHrJI. BOHcKa, oT6lIB C nOMOIIJ;bIOOCTaBmlIXCH 73 TaHKOB aTaKY repsr. BOHCK, OTOmJIII naaan, OCTaBIIB MapKY3eH, Kanren II EYJIOHCKIIH nee, a TaKJKe aansrrsre pansnre nacenennsre rryrrKTbl Ioarrense II BIIJIJIep-lliIiJIblJ;IIH. Bo spesra repn. nacrynJIeHlIa B nlIKaplJ;1I1I (xrapr 1918) ua apMlI10 E. II COCelJ;HIOIO 5-10 apMlI10 rea, P. npmnenca rJIaBHbIH ynap repn. BOHCK. qaCTII E. CTOHKOo60pOHaJIaCb OT 17 -H repx. apMIIII, HeCMOTpH na nOJIUblH paarposr Iodia, OlJ;HaKO 22 MapTa, onacascs OXBaTa CBOIIX BOHCK Y Kaxope, E. OTBeJI BoHCKa. YcnemHO lJ;eHcTBOBan B AMheHcKoH onepanna (8-13.8.1918), OCYIIIeCTBIIB npopsm

nosan XVII

repsr. n03lIIIlIH na ~JIIIHIIII 3IIr<pplIlJ;a~. Ilocne AMheHa apMlIa E. nOJIyqMJIa aanaxy nacrynarr, cesepnee p. COMMa B nanpaBJIeHlI1I na Banosi-Tleponn, 21 aar, nepernen B HaCTYUJIenae, BblHlJ;a K 26 aar, na JIMHIIIO EP3- EanOM. B xozte ofimero nacrynneuaa COlO3HlIKOB BMeCTe C 1-H II 4-H apMlIaMII HaHOCIIJI OlJ;IIH 1I3 rJIaBHbIX vnapon na <ppoHTe MeiKll:Y CeH- KaHTeHTOM II KaM6pe. 27 cenr, nepenren B nacrynnenae, oT6poClIB repa . BOHcKa C n03MIIlIH ~JIIIHIIM 3IIr<pplIlJ;a~. PYKOBOlJ;IIJI apMlIeH na aaaepnraiontea arane HacTynJIeHIIH. B 1919 asnuen B OTCTaBKY· C IIIOHa 1921 no 1926 renepan-ryfiepnarop KaHMbI. B 192831 CneIIlIaJIbHbIH ynOJIHOMOqeHHhIH xosraccap JIOHlJ;OHCKOH CTOJIlIqHOH nOJIIIIIIIII."B 1932 BhImeJI B OTcTaBKy.

fiIIHrXEM.(Bingham) 3lJ;yaplJ; Bappa CTIOapT (1881 1939), aHrJI. xorrrp-amrapan (1932). ChIH alJ;MlIpaJIa nopna Knaxoppaca. B 1895 BCTynMJI B aHrJI. BM<D. B nasane BOHHhI (1914) COCTOaJI KOMaHlJ;lIpOM JIIIHeHHoro xopafina ~MHBIIHcII6JI~, C KOTOPhIM B zterc, 1914 ysacrnonan B CpaJKeH1I1I y <DOJIKJIeHlJ;OB. Bo BpeMa IOTJIaHlJ;cKoro CpaJKeHMa 31.5-1.6.1916 KOMaHlJ;OBan lJ;MBII3IIeH MIIHOHOCIIeB (dinarsraa - -sl-lecrop»). ATaKOBan rrpeBOCXOlJ;HIIJ;lIeCIIJIhI repsr. <pJIOTa,ero xopafins 6hlJl nOTOnJIeH, a caa E. B3HT B nnen. nOCJIe BOHHbI OCB06oJKlJ;eH II BHOBh 3aqlICJIeH na <pJIOT.

ropa

6lICClIHr (Bissing) MOPIIII <DeplJ;IIHaHlJ; <pOH (30.1.1844 - 18.4.1917, EpIOCCeJIh), 6apoH, repsr. reHepaJI-rrOJIKOBHIIK (24.12.1914). B 1863 nocrynan na CJIyJK6y B xaaanepmo. YqaCTHMK ascrpo-npyccxoii BOHHhI 1866 II <ppaHKo-rrpyccKoH BOHHhI 1870-71. B 1907 asnnen B OTCTaBKY Cnocra KOMaHlJ;lIpa VII AK. Ilpa M06lIJIlI3aIIlIlI 2.8.1914 npaasaa 1I3 OTCTaBKII II nonyqlIJI lJ;OJIJKHOCTb 3aMeCTlITeJIJI KOMaHlJ;Mpa VII AK. 28.11.1914 naanaxen reHepan-ry6epHaTopoM EeJIhrMII. BnOCJIelJ;CTBIIII, nozt PYKOBOlJ;CTBOM 06belJ;IIHeHhI see oxxynapoaannue E. reppnropaa EeJIhrIIlI II Ceaepaoii <DpaHIIIIM. npOBOlJ;IIJI JKeCTKIIH OKxyrramronnsni peJKIIM. ABTOP MeMyapOB.
(Beatty) .ll3BMlJ; (17.1.1871, Xoytiexe, Heurap rparp (1919), BIIKOHT EOpOlJ;aHJI (1919), 6apoH Ceaepouopcxaa (1919), 6apoH EpYKaH61I (1919), aHrJI. MMlIpan 11.3.1936),
3 KTO 6h1Jl KTO B II.pIIOli MIIPODOIiDOliH.

6lITIlI

64

65

<pJIOTa (3.4.1919). ChIH xanarana KaBaJIepMM. DpOIIIeJI KYPC 06yqeHM5I na yqe6HOM xopafine «EpMTaHM5I~ B ,llopTMy.n;e. B 1886 rrpoaaaeztea B orpauepsr M uaanasea na 6poHeHoceu «AJIeKcaH.n;pM5I~ (<pJIarMaH repuora AJIh<ppe.n;a 3.n;MH6yprcKoro, 6y.n;YIIIerO KOPOJI5IIeopra V) B Cpe.n;M3eMHOMMope. B 1890 OKOHqMJIxypc Boemro-ssopcxoro KOJIJIe.n;JKa Ipmmase. C JIeTa B 1896 KOMaH.n;Mp rcanonepcxoit JIO.n;KM.Bo BpeM5I Cynaacxoii 3Kcne.n;MUMM1898 nOCJIe paHeHM5I xanaraaa C. KOJIBMJIa BCTYnMJI B KOMaH.n;OBaHMe OTP5I.n;OM KaUOHepCKMX JIO.n;OK HMJIe. na Ilp05IBMJI ce65I MHMUMaTMBHhIM,xpatipsnr M y.n;aqJIMBhIMKOMaH.n;MPOM. 20.4.1899 CTapIIIMM O<PMUep6poHeHocua «Eapdinep», C nxozuramero B acxanpy, .n;eMcTBoBaBIIIYIO y 6eperoB KllTa5I. B xozte no.n;aBJIeHM5IHxsryanscxoro BOCCTaHll5I 1899-1901 B Cenepnov Knrae KOMaH.n;OBaJI iecanrasra OTP5I.n;OM. lpocnaz I BllJIC5I 3aIUMToM T5IHU3MH5I (MIOHh 1900), 6hIJI parren B pyKY. C 2.6.1902 xoxraanap xpeiicepa «,llJKYHO~, 3aTeM xpeiicepon «3pporaHu II «Cy<p<pOJIK~. DOJIh30BaJIC5I nOKpOBMTeJIhCTBOMKOMaH.n;ylOlI.\eroCpezmaeanosropcxaa <pJIOTOM a.n:MllPaJIa ll. Bepecrpopna. B KOHue 1905 naanasea BoeHHO-MOPCKMM coBeTHllKOM npa feHIIITa6e. C ztex. 1908 KOMaH.n;llp scxanpennoro 6poHeuocua «Koponesa» B fll6paJITape. 1.1.1910 sa ocofisre aacnyrn IIO ClIeUllaJIhHOMY IIpllKa3Y COBeTa IIpOM3Be.n;eu B KOHTp-a.n:MllPaJIhI,CTaBCaMhIM MOJIO.n;hIM odnmepoa aroro panra, B MIOJIe 1911 E. aaaaasen KOMaH.n;n0ll.\MM 3-M 3CKa.n:POM ATJIaHTMqeCKOrO <pJIOTa,ozmaxo OTKa3aJIC5IOT IIOCTa, CqMTa5Iero CJIMIIIKOM He3HaqIITeJIhHhIM. B OKT. 1911 Ha3HaQeUHhIM 1-M JIOp.n;OMA.n;MMpaJITeMCTBa Y. llepqMJIJIh, JIllqHO XOPOIIIO 3HaBIIIMM E., npe.n;JIOJKMJI MY .n;OJIJKUOCThsoero xropcsoro cexpee c Tap5I. DpOBeJI pan crparern-recxax pa3pa60TOK, B T.Q. 0 CTPOllTeJIhCTBe noenno-scopcxax 6a3, 06 yrpose co CTOPOHhI MllH M IIO.n;BO.n;HhIXIO.n;OK, He06xo.n;MMOCTll coztepacanaa OTp5I.n;a J 0 .nerKIIX CMJIB 5IpMYTe M Iapnaxe, 0 B03MOJKHOCTllCTpaTerMqeCKOro 6JIOKMpOBaUll5I repsr. <pJIOTa,0 B3allMo.n;eMcTBllll C <ppauu. <pJIOTOM, <PYUKUll5IXJIltHeMHhlx xpeficepon M T ..n;. C BeCHhI 1913 0 KOMaH.n;YlOlI.\llM 1-M 60eBoM 3CKa.n:POMJIMHeMHhIX xpeiicepoa (<pJIarMaH - «JIaMoH~). B 1914 Kopa6JIM 3CKa.n:PhIHaxo.n;MJIIICh C «.n;pYJKeCTBeHHhIM Bll3MTOM~ BO cDpaHUllll M POCCMll. Bo speM5I noxozta npMIIIJIO ll3BeCTMe 06 y6MMCTBe spurepuora (/Jpallua-Oepdunauda B Capaeno, M no IIpIIKa3Y A.n;MI1paJITeMCTBa

scxaztpa ll3 POCCllI1 CPOQHOBepHYJIaCh B MeTpOnOJIMIO. Erne .n;o 06b5IBJIeHM5I BOIIHhI acxaapa E. 6hIJIa narrpaaneaa K 6eperaM HOpBerMM .n;JI5Inepexsara repx. peiinepos. A.n;MllpaJITeMCTBo 0.n;06PllJIO nJIaH aananeuaa na repv. narpynsnsre CMJIhIB Iensronanacxoii 6yxte, QT06hI BhI3BaTh BhIXO.n;HenpM5ITeJI5I B Mope M nasecrn ero na 5 JIl1HeMHhIX xpeiicepoa. E. 28.8.1914 CBOllM peIIIMTeJIhHhIM BcrynJIeHI1eM B 60H peIIIMJI B nOJIh3Y aHrJI. BM <D I1CXO.n; MopCKoro 605I y OCTpOBa Iensronaan. DOJIYQllB npocsoy KOMMo.n;opaTepYI1Ta 0 IIOMOIUI1,HanpaBI1JI B 6YXTY JIerKIIe xpeacepa, a caM HanpaBHJIC5I ryzta JKe. Iepa. <pJIOTIIOTepneJI nopaJKeHlle nOTep5IB nerxne xpeficepa «KeJIhH~, «MaMHU~, «APManna», 3CKa.n:peHHhIMMMHOHoceu M TPaJIhIl.\HK. Y anrmrran rrerKI1e xpeiicepa «ApeThI03a~, «<DIIPJIeC~ II 3 scxanua nOJIyqIIJIII T5IJKeJIhIenOBpeJK.n;eHII5I.B 6010 Y ,llorrep-6aHKH 24.1.1915 E. npeCJIe.n;OBaJIxpeiicepcxyto acxaztpy a.n:MMPaJIa<D. <pOHXunnepa, rrororran npa 3TOM repsr. 6poHeHocHhIM xpeiicep «EJIIOXep~. Bo BpeM5I npeCJIe.n;OBaHH5IJIIIHeMHhIM xpeiicep «JIaMoH~, na KOTOPOM Haxo.n;HJIC5I E., nOJIYQllJI T5IJKeJIhIe nOBpeJK.n;eHM5IM nOTepHJI XO.n;, a KOMaH,l(OBaHHe3CKa.n:POH nepeurno K KOMaH.n;yIOmeMY 2-M 3CKa.n:POM JIMHeMHhIx xpeiicepoa aznmpaay Mypy, He np05IBllBIIIeMY .n;OJIJKHOM anepraa, B pe3YJIhTaTe 60M He MMeJI penraromero xapaxrepa, Ilocne 605I 6hIJla nposezteaa peoprana3aUH5I EOJIhIIIOrO <pJIoTa, B COCTaBeKOTOPOro non KOMaH.n;OBaHHeM E. 06pa30BaU <pJIOTH3 JIHHeMUhIx (3 3CKa.n:PhI) H .nerxax (3 3CKa.n:PhI) xpeiicepon. B xone Krrnaancxoro MopcKoro cpaJKeUH5I(31.5-1.6.1916) E. nozt 0611.\MMPYKOBO.n;CTBOM a.n:MHpaJIa ,ll.lblCeJUlU1W KOMau.n;OBaJI peiicepcxmra x CMJIaMH(6 JIHHeMUhIX H 13 JIerKHX xpeiicepon, 4 ztpezrnoyra H 39 3CMllHUeB). K 14 q 31 Ma5I npMBeJI asanrapzt B paiion BCTpeqM C rJIaBUhIMM CMJIaMll, HO,.lI.OnYCTHB OIIIH6KY, Pa3MHHYJIC5ICHllMll na 10 MHJIh II BCTynllJI B 60M C repsr. <pJIOTOM.3aMeTHB JIMHeMHhIe xpeiicepa nporannmca, E., HMe5I qllCJIeUHhIM nepenec, nOIIIeJI na C6JIHJKeHIIe. Ozmaxo 5-5I acxaztpa JIHUeMHhlx Kopa6JIeM, BXO.ll.MBIIIa5I B COCTaBCHJI E., ne nOH5I.JIaCHrHaJIa M OTCTaJIa OT OCHOBHhlX CHJI(npafism K MecTY CpaJKeHH5ITOJIhKOB 16 q 10 MHH). B 16 Q 2 MHU norH6 JIMHeHHhIM xpeiicep «I1H.n;e<peTHr36JI~, a HeCKOJIhKO xpeiicepon nOJIyqHJIH nOBpeJK.lI.eHH5I.B 16 Q 26 MHH 3aTOUYJI JIllHeMHhIM xpeacep «KYHH Mepn». Kpojae roro, E. nOTep5IJI 2 3CKa.n;peUHhIX MllHOHocua; rrorepa repx. <pJIOTaCOCTaBHJIH
3·

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2 aCMHHQa, anrn. Kopa6JIH nOJIYqHJIH 3-HaqllTeJIbHO 60JIbllIe noBpe)K,neHllH. OKOJIO 16 ~ 40 MHH .nerxae xpeitcepa 06HapY)KHJIll rJIaBHbIe CllJIbI repsr. <pJIoTa H E. npmcasan aaanrapzry nosepnyrs na 06paTHbIH KypC H CJIe,nOBaTbna coeznmenae C rJIaBHbIMH CHJIaMH EOJIbllIOrO <pJIOTa. Iepx. a,nMHPaJI P. 1l1eep naaan npecneztoaanae E., 60H HeCKOJIbKOpaa B0306HOBJI5IJIC5I,HO pe3YJIbTaTOB He ztan. B 18 q E. coe,nHHHJIC5IC tJIaBHbIMH CHJIaMH. IlpHH5IJI yxacrne B rJIaBHOM 60io IOTJIaH,ncKoro Cpa)KeHH5I. 27.11.1916 3aMeHHJI .ll:)KeJIJIHKOna nOCTy rJIaBHOKoMaH,nYIOIn;ero EOJIbllIHM <pJIOTOM,a xepea He,neJIIO6bIJI npoaaseaen B aztMHPaJIbI. IloCT05luHO nbITaJIC5I HaB5I3aTb repxr. <PJIOTYcpazceHHe, no nOCJIe IOTJIaH,ncKoro Cpa)KenH5I npOTHBnHK npexparnn BbIXO,nhI B OTKpbITOe Mope, cocpe,nOTO'IHBIlIHCh na nozraozmoi! BoHHe. Korzra B 51HB.1917 repMaHH5I 06b5lBHJIa neorpamrsenHyIO rrozrsozmyro BOHHY,E. ,n06HJIC5Inpmcaaa 0 KOHBoHpoBaHHH MOPCKHX Cy,nOB. B anp. 1918 repu. <pJIOTBbIllIeJI B OTKpbIToe Mope HE. HeMe,nJIeHHOBbIBeJI eMY naacrpe-ry 193 Kopa6JI5I. Ho Cpa)KeHH5I He npOH30IlIJIO, T.K. repu, Kopa6JIH He ycnena nepeXBaTHTb KOHBOH H nOBepHYJIH 06paTHO. Pa3pa60TaJI npoexr YCJIOBHHc,na'IH repxr, BM<D. 15.11.1918 npHH5IJI KanHTYJI5IQHIO repxancxoro <pJIOTa- 90 Ha,nBO,nHbIXKopa6JIeH H 87 nonsonI1bIXJIO,nOK.C 1.11.1919 no 27.7.1927 -1-HMOPCKOHJIOp,n(HaqaJIhHHK Mopcxoro Iennrraoa). B xozre 06cY)K,neHH5I o fiyzryIn;eM aHrJI. <pJIoTa E. ,n06HJIC5I coxpanenaa JIHHeHHhIx xopariJIeH B Ka'IeCTBe azrpa BM<D, COCT05llIIHX B OCHOBHOMH3 60JIee ztenreasrx xpeircepoa H ztpyrax M~bIX Kopa6JIeH. YqaCTBOBaJI B paoore BallIHHITOHCKOH KOH<pepeHQHH no OrpaHHqeHHIO 800pY)KeHHH.

I.

1897-98 BoeHHbIH arranre B Manpnne (l1cnaHH5I). B COCTaBe 1-H ,nHBH3HH Y'IaCTBOBaJI B KaMnaHH5IX B Ilyapro- PHKO (1898), na Ky6e (H05l6. 1898). C 1902 CneQHaJIbHbIH npeztcranarens na Ky6e. B 1905-06 KOMaH,nYIOIn;HHJIY30HcKoro ztenapraaenra (<DHJIHnnHHhI), B 1906-09 - aenapraaeura Mnananao. B 1908-09 KOMaH,nHp <DHJIHnnHHCKoH ,nHBH3HH. B 1909 'IJIeH Ienurratia apMHH H npesnnear Boenaoro KOJIJIe,n)Ka. C 1909 nOMOIn;HHK HaqaJIbHHKa Ieanrraria. B 1910-11 ancnexrop KaJIH<pOPHHHcKoro nenapraueara. B 1911 KOMaH,nHp 6pHra,nhI, 3aTeM BOCTO'IHOH,nHBH3HH. B 1911-13 Ha'IaJIbHHK 3ana,nHoro nenapranenra, B 1912 - 3anMHoH, B 1913-15 - KaB. ,nHBH3HH. C <peBp. 1915 nOMOIIIHHK Ha'IaJIbHHKa Ieanrratia. C 22.9.1917 Ha'IaJIhHHK Iennrrafia, 6.4.1917 C III A BCTynHJIH B MHpOByIO BOHHY na cropone crpan AHTaHTbI. 18.5.1917 6hIJI npHH5IT saKOH 0 Bce06In;eH BOHHCKOH nOBHHHOCTH. C 06pa30BaHHeM 7.11.1917 no penremno KOH<pepeHQHH B PanaJIJIo Bsrcnrero BOennoro COBeTa COI03HHKOB (n03)Ke paaaemasnreroca B BepcaJIe) E. BOllIeJI B ero COCTaBB Ka'IeCTBe npe,nCTaBHTeJI5I CIIIA. 19.5.1918 OCTaBHJInOCT Ha'IaJIbHHKa Ieunrratia H 6hIJI Ha3Ha'IeH aMepHKaHCKHM KOMHccapOM na IIapH)KCKOH MHPHOH KOH<pepeHQHH. B 1920-27 ryfiepaarop COJI,naTCKoro ,nOMa HHBaJIH,nOBB BaIlIHHITOHe.

EJIHCC (Bliss) Tacxep Ioaapn (31.12.1853, JIHBHc6ypr, IIeHCHJIbBaHH5I - 9.11.1930, BaIlIHHITOH), aMepHKaHcKHH retrepan (22.9.1917). Hs ceMbH aHrJI. nepecenennea, rrpaexannrax B AMepHKY B 1635; CbIlI npodieccopa rpexecxoro 513bIKaJIHBHC6yprcKoro 6anTHcTC,Koro YHHBepCHTeTa. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B BoeHHoH aKa,neMHH B BecT-IIoHHTe. B 1876 Ha'IaJI CJIY)K6y B apTHJIJIepfIH, HO scrcope BepHYJIC5IB Beer- IIOHHT, rae 3aH5IJInOCT HHCTpYKTopa. B 1885-88 npodieccop BoeHHhIX nayx AMepHKaHCKOro soenno-xropcxoro KOJIJIe,n)KaB Hsionopre. B 1888-95 a,nbIOTaHT nncrrexropa BoopY)KeHHbIX CHJI rea, III0<pHJIb,na. B
68

606PHHCKHH Ieopraii AJIeKcaH,npoBH'I (11.7.1863 7.3.1928, II ap H)K, <DpaHQH5I), rparp, pyc. reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (6.12.1910), reHepaJI-MbIOTaHT (9.4.1915). 113 poaa, senyutero csoe Ha'IaJIO OT BHe6pa'IHOrO csma EKaTepHHbI II OT [[ OpJIOBa. ChIH ooep-rorpvekcrepa. 26.11.1904 Ha3Ha'IeH reHepaJIOM ,nJI5IOC06bIX nopY'IeHHH rrpn rJIaBHOKoMaH,nYIOIn;eM BceMH cyxonyrnsnra H MOPCKHMH CHJIaMH, ,neHcTBYIOIIIIIMH npOTHB 51noHIIII, C 11.4.1905 COCT05lJI pacnOp5l)KeHIIII KOMaHB ztyromero 1-H MaHb'I)KypCKOH apMHeH. IIocJIe OKOH'IaHII5I pyc.51noHcKoH BOHHbI 28.9.1905 3a'IHCJIeH no BoeHHoMY MIIHIICTepCTBY,a 26.5.1910 6bIJI nepesenen B pacnopaaceaae noeanoro MHHHCTpa. IIocJIe roro KaK BOHcKa Kiro-Sanamroro rpponra naHeCJIH BO BpeM5I raJIHQHHCKOH 6HTBbI 1914 T5I)KeJIOenopaxeHHe ascrpo-aenrepcxoii apMIIH II oKKynIIpOBaJIH 3HaqHTeJIbHYIo 'IaCTb raJIIIQHH, sztecs 6bIJIO 12.8.1914 C03,naHO npeuennoe renepan-ryfiepaaropcrso, no rnase xoroporo 4.10.1914 6hIJI
69

nOCTaBJIeH E. 4.3.1916, nOCJIe pazta nOpaJKeHHH pyc. apMHH H norepa faJIHUHH, renepan-ryfiepnaropcrso 6bIJIO JIHKBH.n.HpOBaHO, a E. naauasea B pacnopazceaae rnaanoxosrannyroniero apMHaMH IOro-3ana,lJ,HOrO <ppoHTa. B 1919 3MHrpHpOBaJI BO <PPaHUHIO.

nepa, B pyxa

JiOJibIPb HHKOJIaH IIaBJIOBHq (14.1.1854, KHlIIHHeB - ?), pyc. renepan OT KaBaJIepHH (6.12.1911). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIYqHJI B MHxaHJIoBcKOM apr. y-mnmne (1873) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH aKa,lJ,eMHH feHIIITa6a (1885). BbIIIYIl(eH B 4-10 KOHHo-apT. 6PHrazty YqaCTHHK pyc. -rypeuxoii BOHHbI 1877-78. C 24.11.1882 CTapIIIMH a,lJ,'bIOTaHT IIITa6a 5-H nex . .n.HBH3HH,C28.11.1883 IIITa6odnntep ztna nopysemra rrpa nrraoe BOCTOqHO-CH6HpcKoro BO, C 20.7.1884 urrafi-orpauep .n.JIa OC06bIX nopy-reanir npa KOMaH.n.ylOIl(eM BOHCKaMH Hpxyrcxoro BO. C 20.9.1890 H..n..nasansHHKa nrrafia 6-H nex . .n.HBH3HH, 27.2.1891-20.12.1892 - 2-H, C 9.1.1895 - 3-H KaB . .n.HBH3HH. C 20.7.1895 COCTOaJIB pacnopa)Kemm KOMaH.n.ylOmero BOHcKaMH BHJIeHCKoro BO. C 15.9.1895 KOMaH.n.Hp 49-ro nparyacxoro Apxanrenoroponcxoro nOJIKa. C 27.9.1899 HaqaJIbHHK urratia KOBeHcK011 xpenocrn, C 24.7.1900 KOMeH.n.aHTOcoBeUKoH xpenocra. C 12.5.1904 HaqaJIbHUK nrra6a CH6HPCKOro, C 17.3.1906 - OMCKOro BO. C 14.2.1907 KOMeHztarrr Hosoreopraescxoa xpenocra. C 19.9.1914 KOMaH.n.YIOIl(HH Ilpanapencicoii rpynnsr (rapHH30H Hoaoreopraescxoii xpenoCTU, 6-51 KaB . .n.HBU3Ha, XXVII AK H np. qaCTH). B KOHue rozta IIpHHapeBcKM rpynna (I TypKecTaHcKHH AK H rapHH30H Honoreopraeacxa) .n.eHcTBOBaJIana MJIaBcKoM HanpaBJIeHHH nporna nanzmepnoro xopnyca Ilacrosa. 20 HOR6. (3 ztex.) E. nepemen y Ilpacnsnna B nacrynnenae CUJIaMH I TYPKeCTaUCKOrO xopnyca H oT6poCHJI npOTHBHHKa na JIHHHIO rpannusr. B xone orcrynneaaa pyc. apMHH JIeTOM 1915 Hoaoreopmescx, OTOpBaHubIH OT nOJIeBbIX apMHH, OKa3aJICa B KpIITIIqeCKOM nOJIO)KeHHH. Bonpoc 06 3BaKyaUHH KpenOCTII ue 6bIJI penren, H ren, M.B. Anexceee npHUaJI penrenae 06 060poHe KpenOCTH. OznraKO B nOCJIe.n.HHH MOMeHT 6bIJI CMeueu rapHII30U KpenOCTH: XXVII AK 6bIJI saxrenen C<P0pMupoBaHHbIMH na 6a3e orronxeHHa 114-H H 119-H nex . .n.HBH3IIaMH, a TaK)Ke 58-H H 63-H nex.
.n.HBH3HRMH, nepe.n.aHHbIMH H3 COCTaI.a Krro-Barrazmoro <pPOHra. B KpenOCTII HMeJICa nOJIyro.n.OBO i sanae npo.n.OBOJIbCTBHa. 70

spenocra ocym:eCTBJJ5IJJa Ocaanaa apMH5I rea, <po~ BeseKOTOPOMYeute 4( 17) HIOJIa nonan no.n.p06HbIH nJIaH 3aIl(HTHbIX coopY)KeHIIH xpenocru. 26 IIIOJIa (8 anr.) pyc. BOHcKa 6bIJIII C6HTbI C nepeztonsrx n03IIUIIH y .lleM6e II 3erp)K, a 27 IIIOJIa (9 asr.) OKpY)KeHIIe KpenOCTII 6bIJIO aasepmeno. 31 mOJIa (13 asr.) -racrn E. 6bIJIH orfiponrenu na JIIIH~IO <popTOB. 3(16) asr. HaqaJIHCb aTaKH rra ceBepO-BOCTOqHbIM <pPOHT KpenOCTH - <pOPTbI XV H XVI. EoeBOH .n.yx pyc. BOHCK 6bIJI

Ocaay

r:

oxens HH30K, a E. norepan rOJIOBY H He npORBJIaJI HHKaKOH a~THBHOCTH. B XVI rpynne <pOPTOBpyc. qaCTH OT6HJIH repxr. BOHCKa a B XV OKa3aJIH O)KeCTOqeHHOe conpOTHBJIeHHe, HO 6bIJIH BbI6HTbI. liICnOJIb30BaTb ycnex B XV rpynne <pOPTOBrepa, BOHCKa He HMeJIH B03MO)KHOCTH. O.n.HaKO E., nOTpaceHHbIH norepeii rpynnsr <pOPTOB,OT.n.aJInpnxaa B HO,!b na 5(18)"aBr. QqIICTHTb rpyrmsr XV II XVI. aTo pacnopaaceaae BbI3BaJIO ynaaox ztyxa 060POHRBlllIIXC5I BOHCK, orcrynaanmx na JIHHHIO BHYTpenaero nosca <pOPTOB,He 3a,lJ,ep)KHBMCb na npOMe)KYTOqHbIX n03IIUHRX. 6( 19) asr. repa. BOHCKa BOIllJIH B 3BaKYHpoBa~HbIe no npmcaay E. rpyrtnsr X-XIII H nonomna K BHYTpeHHeH JIHHHH. B TOT )Ke .n.eHb6bIJIH cnansr II H III <pOPTbI B cexrope rnasHOH aTaKH. 6(19) anr, E., CqHTaBIllHH conpOTHBJIeHHe 6ecnoJIe3HbIM, nepefiexcan K HenpURTeJIIO H HOqblO, Y)Ke naxoztscs B nJIeHY, OT.n.aJI rpnxaa 0 cztaxe xpenocra, Baasane E. OTKa3::nC5I r no.n.nHcaTb npmcaa 0 caase, HO 3aTeM ~BO H36e)KaHHe nansaeunrero KpOBOnpOJIHTIDI~ cornacnnca aa YCJJOBIDIBeaenepa, 7(20) asr, repsr. BOHcKa BOIllJIH B xpenocrs. B Hoaoreopraeacxe C.n.aJIOCb 83 TbIC. xen. (B T.q. 23 renepana a 2100 odrauepon), KpOMe roro repxr. BOHCKa B351JIH 1096 KpenocTHbIX H 108 nOJIeBbIX opy.n.HH.20.8.1915 E. OTqHCJIeH OT .n.OJI)KHOCTH HaXO)K.n.eHHeM B aa nJIeHy. HHKOJIaH liIOCH<POBHq (5.12.1864 - 30.7.1930, IOrOCJIaBHR), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (6.12.1914). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI' B 1-M IIaBJIoBcKOM yqHJIHIl(e H HHKO~ JIaeBCKOH aKa,lJ,eMHH Iennrrafia (1892). C 26.11.1892 crapumn a,lJ,'bIOTaHTIIITa6a 2-H CBO.n.Ho-Ka3a'lbeH .n.HBH3HH. C 5.8.1896 ofiep-orpauep .n.JI5Iocotisrx nopyqeHHH npa urrafie XI AK, C 27.9.1896 - npa nrraoe Kaescicoro BO (c 22.6.1899I11Ta6-0<pHuep). C 27.11.1899 crapnnni a,lJ,'bIOTaHT nrrafia Knescxoro BO .

JiOfATKO

Benrpaa

71

C 4.11.1902 HaqaJIbHHK IIITa6a 12-H, C 22.3.1904 - 33-H nex. ~HBH3HH. 24.5.1907 nasnasen KOMaH~HpOM 17-ro nex. Apxaarenoropoztcxoro nOJIKa. 16.6.1910 nepesenen B Boenaoe MHHHCTepCTBO nOMO~HHKOM rJIaBHOrO HHTeH~aHTa. C 22.3.1916 rJIaBHbIH HHTeH~aHT Boennoro MHHHCTepCTBa. O~HoBpeMeHHO 6bIJIa nseztena ~OJI)KHOCTb rnaanoro nonenoro HHTeH~aHTa, na KOTOPYIO6bIJI naanasen reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT K.H. Eropsea; na Hero 6bIJIH B03JIO)KeHbI yxer H pacnpeneneane 3arOTOBJIeHHbIX cpeztcrs B TbIJIOBbIX paiionax <PPOHTa. TIo ~OJI)KHOCTH B. 5J.BJI5J.JIC5J. HaqaJIbHHKOM [JIaBHOro HHTeMaHTcKoro ynpaBJIeHH5J. H B ero pyxax 6bIJIO cocpenoroseno pyKOBO~CTBO cHa6)KeHHeM ~eHCTByIO~eH apMHH npO~OBOJIbCTBHeM, 06MYH~HpOBaHHeM H CHap5J.)KeHlfeM.HaH60JIbllIHe TPY~HOCTHBbI3bIBaJIO cHa6)KeHHe apMHH npO~OBOJIbCTBHeM (nanpasrep, na 1917 HMO 6bIJIO noCTaBHTb 400 MJIH nynon XJIe6a). TIepe60H B nOCTaBKax npnneJIH K TOMy, qTO aanac npO~OBOJIbCTBH5I B ~eHcTByIO~eH apMHH naxan pe3KO CHH)KaTbC5J..ECJIH B 1915 OH COCTaBJI5J.JI 18-30~HeBHyIO nOTpe6HOCTb, TO B 1916 CHH3HJIC5J. 12-16-~HeBHoH, no a B 1917 - no 6-1 0- ~HeBHoH. B 1917 BOHCKa rrepeuina na 800rpaMMOBYIO HOpMy xnefia, a 3aTeM na 400-rpaMMoBYIO. 3a roztsr BOHHbI na Hy)K~bI apMHH nocrynano cyxna WI1HeJIbHOrO 170 MJIH MeTpOB, cyxna aannrrnoro - 134 MJIH MeTpOB, nonynrytiKOB - 12 MJIH, canor - 65 MJIH nap, BaJIeHOK - 15 MJIH, TenJIOrO 6eJIb5J.- 51 MJIH nap. TIoCJIe OKT5J.6pbCKOH peBOJIIOIJ;HHB. Hexoropoe BpeM5J.CJIY)KHJIB PKKA, HO 3aTeM OCTaBHJI CJIY)K6y H 6e)KaJI na lOr POCCHH.25.10.1919 3aqHCJIeH B peaeps qHHOB npn BoeHHoM ynpaBJIeHHH BCIOp, nOMO~HHKHHTeH~aHTa BCIOP. 8.11.1919 naaaasen nOMOIl{HHKOM rnasnoro HaqaJIbHHKa caao)KeHHH BCIOp, HO scxope BHOBI>rrepenezten B pesepn. C OCTaTKaMH 6eJIOH apMHH 3BaKYHpOBaJIC5J. a rpaaany a

60HOBUQ Ilerap (16.7.1858, MHllIeBHIJ;bI, 6JIH3 HOBHBaponra - 20.1.1945, BeJIrpM), cep6cKHH soeaozta (26.9.1918). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B apr, llIKOJIe B Benrpane (1883). Enie
6y~yqH icypcauron npHH5J.JI ysacrae B cepficxo-ryp. BOHHe 1876-78, BOBpeM5J. OTOPOHCOCT05IJI pa nrraoe, Bo BpeM5J. epK n c 6CKO-60JIrapCKOH BOHHbI 1885 npHHHMaJI yxacrae B 60M6ap~HpOBKax Bpafisa, CJlltBHHIJ;bI H ztp, ropoztos. C ztex, 1885 H no KOHIJ;aBOHHI,I H.O. HaqaJII,HHKa llITa6a IIIYMMHHCKOH ~HBH3HH. 72

B ztex, 1887 KOMaH~HpOBaH BO <l>paHIJ;HIO,rne 2 MeC5J.IJ;a H3yqaJI BoeHHI,Ie HaYKH. TIo B03Bpa~eHHH B 1888-90 CJIY)KHJIB Iemurafie. C 1900 KOMaH~OBaJI 6pHrMoH, ~HBH3HOHHOH 06JIaCTbIO, 6I,IJI nOMO~HHKOM H 3aMeCTHTeJIeM HaqaJIbHHKa Iennrrafia, KOMaH~OBaJI ~HBH3HeH. Bo BpeM5J. 1-H BaJIKaHCKOH BOHHI,I 1912-13 - HaqaJII,HHK nrrafia 1-H apMHH, KOMaH~yIO~HM KOTOPOH HOMHHaJII,HO 5J.BJI5J.JIC5J. HaCJIe~HI,IH npHHIJ; Anexcauop. <l>aKTHqeCKH pyKOBO~HJI ~e'HCTBH5J.MH apMHH. O~ep)KaJI nooe~y B KYMaHcKoH H BHTOJIbCKOH 6HTBax. TIPHHHMaJI ysacrne, B xasecrse soennoro axcnepra, B MHpHI,IX neperosopax, npeznueCTBOBaBllIHX OKOHqaHHIO BOHHI,I, a 3aTeM 6I,IJI aaaaaxeu KOMaH~HpOM Ilpnaopcxoro xopnyca B AJI6aHHH. Bo BpeM5J.2-H BaJIKaHCKOH BOHHI,I 1913 BHOBI, 3aHHMaJI nOCT HaqaJII,HHKa nrraoa l-H apMHH. Pa3rpOMHJI 60JIrapCKHe BOHcKa B BperaJIHHqCKOM Cpa)KeHHH. B naxane MHPOBOHBOHHI,I aasaasea KOMaH~yIO~HM 1-H apMHeH (HaqaJII,HHK nrrafia nOJIKOBHHK Tepanu), B COCTaB KOTOPOH BOllIJIH 1-51THMOKCKa5I (rea, KOHJIHq), 2-51 THMOKCKa5I (ren, Apasns) H 2-51 MOpaBCKa5I (nOJIKOBHHK MHJIHq) ~HBH3HH, a TaK)Ke BpaHqeBCKHH OTp5J.~nOJIKOBHHKa MHJIOllIa H KaB. ~HBH3H5J. OJIKOBHHKa MOBaHOBHqa. TIpOBeJI p5J.~ n ycneunrux 60eB rrpn IIIa6aIJ;e. TIo~ EBpeMOBqeH 6I,IJI T5J.)KeJIO panea B nory, HO OCTaJIC5J. CTPOIOH pyKOBO~HJI q,OpcHpoBaHHeM p. CaB a na B yxacrxe CKJIea- Ilonropaua, a 3aTeM 3aH5J.JI apMHeH py6e)K CTapa-TIa30Ba-foJIy6HHHqH-5IpaK, OT6poCHB qaCTH 2-H ascrpoBeHrepCKOH apMHH. TIoCJIe nMeHH5J. Benrpazta (1915) B03rJIaBHJI rpynny BOHCK, oCYIl{eCTBJI5J.BWYIO060POHY cep6CKO-60JIrapcxoii rpaHHIJ;I,I. Bo BpeM5J. TcTynJIeHH5J.cepocxax BOHCKnon O HaTHCKOM apMHH ren, A. q,OH Maxeuseua B. 12.1.1916 npHH5J.JI na ce65J.HCnOJIHeHHe 065J.3aHHOCTeHaafionenurero HaqaJII,HHKa nrraoa Bepxosnoro KOMaH~OBaHH5J.P. Ilumuuxa. PYKOBO~HJI 3BaKyaIJ;HeH cepticxoii apMHH na o. Kopdiy 19.6.1-918 npHH5J.JI KOMaH~OBaHHe 1-H apMHeH na CaJIOHHKCKOM q,poHTe. B cenr. 1918 B COCTaBapMHH BXO~HJIH .llPHHCKa5I (nOJIKOBHHK CMHJI5J.BHq), .llaHy6cKa5I (nOJIKOBHHK MHJIOeBHq), MOpaBCKa5I (nonKOBHHK [PYHq) nex. ~HBH3IHI H KaB. ~HBH3H5J.rea. Ieopraenaqa. TIocJIe nOpa)KeHH5J. 0JIrapCKHx BOHCKB. pyKOBO~HJI nacryn6 JIeHHeM na repx. n03HIJ;HH H 1.11.1918 oCB060~HJI BeJIrpM. C MapTa 1921 HaqaJII,HHK Iemuraoa. Ilepezt caMI,IM HaqaJIOM HacTynJIeHH5J.na TeppHTopHIO IOrocJIaBHH BOHCKHaIJ;HOHaJI-CO73

IJ.HaJIHCTHlJeCKOHIepaaana B 1941 D. 6bIJI Ha3HalJeH nOMOIIJ.HHKOM Bepxosnoro rJIaBHOKOMaH.ll:YIOIIJ;ero, HO Y)I(e He CMor npHH5ITb HMKaKHX Mep no conpOTHBJIeHHIO arpeccopy. ABTOP MeMyapoB H BoeHHO-TeOpeTHlJeCKHX TPY.ll:OB.

60JI,llbIPEB BaCHJIHH Ieopraesn-r (5.4.1875, Cuapans CHM6HPCKOH rytiepana - 1932), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (29.4.1917). CbIH KpeCTb5lHHHa. 06pa30BaHHe rrony-ran B IIeH3eHCKOM3eMJIeMepHOM H soeaao-ronorparpasecxou yqHJIHIIJ;aX (1895), HHKOJIaeBCKOHaKa,n;eMHHfeHIIITa6a (1903). C 8.12.1904 06ep-0<pHIJ.ep .ll:JI5IOC06bIX nOPYlJeHHH npa urrarie IV AK. YlJaCTHHK pyc. -51noHcKoH BOHHbI 1904-05, 6bIJLpatten. C 28.10.1906 crapnmii a,n;bIOTaHT nrraoa XVIII, C8.9.1907 - XX AK C 29.3.1909 llITa6-0<pHIJ.ep .ll:JI5InOPYlJeHHH npa nrrarie XX AK, C 8.1.1911 llITa6-0<pHIJ.ep, 3aBe.ll:YIOIIJ;HH 06YlJaIOIIJ;HMHC5IB HHKOJIaeBCKOH BoeHHOH aKa,n;eMHH0<pHIJ.epaMH. B 1914 3aIIJ;HTHJI.ll:HccepTaIJ.mO %ATaKH YKpenJIeHHbIX n03HIJ.HH~, C 1914 axcrpaopztaaapnsni nporpeccop, B asr. 1914 nsrcrynan na <pPOHT B Ka'IeCTBe H..ll:. HalJaJIbHHKa nrrafia 2-H raapzteiicxoti nex . .ll:HBH3HH. 3a 60H B OKT. 1914 nozt xpenocrsto I1BaHrOpO.ll: narpaxztea IeopraeacKHM opY)I(HeM, a aa 60H non E.ll:Ba6HO B 1914-15 - opAeHOM CB. Ieoprns 4-H CTeneHH. B 1915 KOMaH.ll:Hp 30-ro nex. IIoJITaBcxoro nOJIKa. C 29.2.1916 renepan .ll:JI5Inopysenaii npa KOMaH.ll:YIOIIJ;eM 4-H apMHeH, C8.9.1916 reaepan-xsaprapaeficrep nrra6a apMHH Cesepnoro <ppoHTa. IIocJIe <DeBpaJIbCKOH peBOJIIOIJ.HH19.4.1917 Ha3HalJeH KOMaH.ll:HpOMXLIII AK (109-51 H 110-51 nex . .ll:HBH3HH). Ha xopnyc D. npHllIeJIC5I rJIaBHbIH Y.ll:ap repsr. BOHCKBOBpeM5I PH)I(CKOH OnepaIJ.HH 1917. 19 asr, (1 cenr.) repxr. BOHcKa aTaKOBaJIH ero n03HIJ.HH (3 .ll:HBH3HM H JIaTbIllICKa5I CTpeJIKOBa5I6pHrMa) nozt I1KcKIOJIeM, npOpBaJIH HX H nepenpaBHJIHCb xepea )lBHHY. 9.9.1917 CMeHHJI rea, IO.H.J!allWl06a na nocry KOMaH.ll:YIOIIJ;ero5-H apMHeH. Ilocne OKT5I6pbCKOro nepesopora H Ha3HalJeHM5I npanopnnrxa H.B. KpbIJIeHKO BepXOBHbIM rJIaBHOKOMaH.ll:YIOIIJ;HM,D. OTKa3aJIC5IeMY nO.ll:'IHHHTbC5IH 13 H05l6. 6bIJI apecroaan: BCKope no 06BHHeHHIO B Ca60Ta)I(e nparosopea K 3 rozraa rropennoro 3aKJIIO'IeHM5I. B Mae 1918 oCB060)I(.ll:eH no aMHHCTHH. BXO.ll:MJIB cocras PYKOBO.ll:CTBa CoI03a B03pO)I(.ll:eHH5IPOCCHMM ~HaIJ.MOHaJIbHoro IJ.eHTpa~. B cear. 1918 H36paH 'IJIeHOM Zlapexropan (Y<pa) H Ha3Ha'IeH rJIaBHO74

KOMaH.ll:YIOIIJ;HM POCCMHCKHMHBooPY)I(eHHbIMH CHJIaMH, 60PIOIIJ;MMHC5Inporaa COBeTcKOl' pecny6JIHKH. Ilocne nepesopora A.B. Konuaxa 18.11.1918 BbICJIaH B 5InoHHIO, rzte aKTMBHO BbICrynan B nO,ZUJ:ep)I(KY HHTepBeHIJ.HH. Ilocne nMeHH5I KOJIlJaKa B03BpaTHJIC5I BO BJIa.zLHBOCTOK BOllIeJI B cocras Caonpcxoro M - npaBHTeJIbCTBa. B anp.e-nex. 1920 rJIaBHOKOMaH.ll:YIOIIJ;HH cyxo" " nYTHbIMH H MOPCKHMU CHJIaMH IIpHMopcKoH 06JIaCTHOH 3e~ MeJIbHOH ynpassr, O.ll:HOBpeMeHHo B Mae- ztex. ynpaBJI5IIOIIJ;HU BOeHHO-MOPCKHMBe.ll:OMCTBOM. 18.6.1921 no 11.6.1922 npeztC cezrarens Pyc.cmoacxori COrJIaCHTeJIbHOH KOMHCCUH, 'IJIeH Ilpeaanayaa U TOBapHIIJ;rrpenceztarena Haponnoro co6paHH5I. IIocJIe 3aXBaTa Kpacaoii apMIIeH BJIa,n;UBocToKa 5.11.1922 apeCTOBaH. B riopsae 3a5IBIIJI 0 CBoeH rOTOBHOCTHCJIY)I(HTb COBeTCKOH BJIaCTH. B 1926 aMHHCTHpOBaH. C 1926 npenonasarem, noen. HaYK %eCTeCTBeHHblXnpOH3BO.ll:CTBeHHbIX CHJI CH6HPII U ax HCnOJIHHTeJIeH~ (HOBOCH6HpCK). Pa60TaJI B HOBOCII6HPCxe B CH6HPCKOH nJIaHOBOH KOMHCCHII, npenceztarens CeKIJ.HH ~He.ll:pa~ 06IIJ;eCTBa II3YlJeHH5I CH6HpU.

60JIb<DPAC (Bolfras) APTYP <pOH(16.4.1838, 3aKceHxay3eH, 6JIII3 <PpaHK<PYPTa-Ha-MaHHe - 19.12.1922, DMeH, 6JIH3 BeHbI), 6apoH, aacrpo-nearepcxaii reHepaJI-nOJIKOBHUK (28.2.1916). C .fIHB. 1883 HalJaJIbHUK urrafia XIV AK. B anp. 1887 Ha3HalJeH KOMaH.ll:HPOM3-H, B OKT. 1888 - 48-H nex. 6PIIraztsr. B MapTe 1889 D. B03fJIaBHJI BoeHHYIO KaHIJ.eJI.HpHIOHMneparopa, CTaB O.ll:HUM H3 HaH60JIee BJIII.fITeJIbHbIX BoeHHbIX COBeTHHKOBWpallu,a-Hocu¢al. O.ll:HOBpeMeHHOCMa5I 18896bIJI reaepan-ansroraarox HMnepaTopa. IIocJIe CMepTH <PpaHIJ;aHocnrpa I B 51HB.1917 YBOJIeH B oTcTaBKY. 60JIlI-6PYEBMQ MHXaIIJI )lMHTpHeBHlJ (24.2.1870, MocKBa - 3.8.1956), pyc. renepan-xraitop (10.9.1914). CbIH 3eMJIeMepa, 6paT B.)l. DOHlJ- Bpyenaua. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqIIJI B KOHCTaHTHHOBCKOM Me)I(eBOM HHCTHTYTe H na MaTeMaTH'IeCKOM <PaKYJIbTeTeMOCKoBcKoro YHHBepCHTeTa (1891), BoeHHO-Y'IIIJIHIIJ;HOM xypce MOCKOBcKoro nex. IOHKepCKoro y'IIIJIHIIJ;a (1892), HHKOJIaeBCKOH aKMeMHH Ieanrraca (1898). BbmYIIJ;eH B 12-H rpeHa.ll:epCKIIH ACTpaxaHcKHH H JIeH6-rBap.ll:HII JIHTOBCKIIH nOJIKII. C 26.11.1898 cTapIIIHH MbIOTaHT nrrafia 2-H Ka3. 75

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I

CBO,n;HOH ,n;I1BI13IUl, C 15.2.1900 otiep-orpauep ,n;ml nopysenan npa nrrafie Kl1eBCKOro BO. C 31.12.1902 CTapIllI1H a,n;'bIOTaHT urrafia Kaeacxoro BO. C 3.9.1908 urrati-odnnrep ,n;JUinopyseHI1H npa nrrafie Bapnrascxoro BO, C 21.10.1908 HalJaJIbHI1K nrrafia 1I116aBCKOHKpenOCTI1, C9.1.1910 urrafi-orpauep, aaaezryIOIl{I1H o6YlJaIOIl{I1MI1CR: B HI1KOJIaeBCKOH BoeHHoH aKa,n;eMI1I1 O¢I1l{epaMI1. C MapTa 1914 KOMaH,n;l1p 176-ro nex. IlepesonolJeHCKOro nOJIKa, C KOTOPbIM BCTynl1JI B Ml1pOByIO BOHHY. B caMOM naxane BOHHbI, 10.9.1914 Ha3HalJeH reaepan-xsaprapaeacreposr mrafia 3-H apMl111 rea, H.B. Py3C'KOlO. C 17 cenr. - renepaJI-KBapTl1pMeHCTep nrrafia apMI1H Ceaepo-Sanazmoro ¢POHra. 22.9.1914 narpasctea feOpfI1eBCKI1M opyzcaexr. MHI1l{l1aTOp BbICeJIeHI1R:espeen 113npl1¢pOHTOBOH nOJIOCbI (no 06BI1HeHI1IO I1X B nOTOJIOBHOMIlln110Ha)Ke B nOJIb3Y npOTI1BHI1Ka). C 1.4.1915 COCTOR:JI pacnOpR:)KeHI1I1 Bepxosaoro rJIaBijOKoMaH,n;YIOIl{erO B 11nexoropoe BpeMR: 3aHI1MaJI nOCT HalJaJIbHI1K urrafia 6-H apMI1I1. B.-B. DbIJI O,n;HI1M113rJIaBHbIX ,n;eHCTBYIOIl{I1XJII1l{, noztroTOBI1BIllI1X ¢aJIbCI1¢I1l{l1pOBaHHoe ,n;eJIO 06BI1HeHI1I0 nOJIKOBno HI1Ka MR:Coe,n;OBaB Illn110Ha)Ke B nOJIb3Y fepMaHI1I1. C 20.8.1915 11.,n;. HalJaJIbHI1Ka nrratia apMI1H Cesepnoro ¢poHTa. C 25.2.1916 COCTOR:JIB pacnOpR:)KeHI1I1 rJIaBHOKOMaH,n;YIOIl{erO apMI1R:MI1 Ceaepnoro ¢poHTa. C MapTa 1916 na B.-B. onnoapexenno B03JIO)KeHO KOMaH,n;OBaHl1erapHI130HOM IIcKoBa, rzte naxoztanacs rJIaBHaR: xsaprapa PY3CKoro. IIocJIe cI>eBpaJIbCKOHpeBOJIIOl{1111 KOOnTl1pOBaH B COCTaB MCnOJIKOMa Ilcxoscxoro COBeTa patiolJl1X 11COJI,n;aTCKI1X ztenyraron, aKTI1BHO COTpy,n;Hl1lJaJIC COBeTOM. Bo BpeMR: BblcTynJIeHI1R: rea, 1I.f. KOp1iUJl08a n.-n. 29 aar, Ha3HalJeH BpeMeHHO I1CnOJIHR:IOIl{I1M 06R:3aHHOCTHrJIaBHOKOMaH,n;YIOIl{erO apMI1R:MI1 Cesepnoro ¢POHTa BMeCTO rea, B.H. Kneu608C'KOlO, HO scxope 9 cenr, BbI3BaH B CTaBKY B pacnopaaceane HalJaJIbHHKa nrraoa Bepxomroro rJIaBHOKOMaH.n;yIOIl{ero. B OKT. HalJaJIbHHK rapHI130Ha MOrI1JIeBa. IIocJIe OKTR:6pbCKOH peaoJIIOl{1111n.-n. 7 HOR:6. Ha3HalJeH HalJaJIbHI1KOM urrafia fJIaBKOsepxa. IIocJIe pac¢opMHpOBaHI1R: CTaBKH, B ¢eBp. 1918 BbI3BaH B Ilerporpan 11eMY nopyxeaa OpraHI13al{IfR: 060pOHbI CTOJII1l{bI 11rpanan pecny6JII1KI1. C MapTa no asr, 1918 BoeHHbIH PYKOBo,n;I1TeJIbBsrcmero noennoro COBeTa,nOCJIe ynpaanuenaa xoroporo OTlJl1CJIeH B pacnopsacenae CHK (ynpaBJIR:IOIl{IfM ,n;eJIaMI1 xoroporo 6bIJI ero 6paT). Hexoropoe BpeMR: B 1919
76

, 'I1CnOJIHR:JI06R:3aHHOCTIf HalJaJIbHI1Ka Ilonesoro urrafia PBCP. , ) C MapTa 1919 no OKT. 1923 - HalJaJIbHI1K Bsrcmero reoneaasecxoro ynpaBJIeHI1R:. B 1925 OpraHI130BaJI 6IOPO ~AapO¢OTOC'beMKa~. B 1944 npoasseaea B reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHTbI.

60PHC BJIA,llHMHPOBHQ (12.11.1877, Ilerepfiypr :8.11.1943, Bnapnu, <DpaHl{I1R:), neJIIfKI1H KHR:3b, pyc. renepanMaHop CBI1TbI (23.11.1914). CbIH BeJIIfKorO KHJl3J1BJIa,ll;I1Ml1pa Anexcannponasa, 6paT Anopes; BJLaaUMUp08U1la. 06pa30BaHI1e nOJIYlJl1JI B HI1KOJIaeBCKOM KaB. YlJIfJIIfIl{e (1896). CJIY~I1JI vB JIeH6-rBap,n;1111 Iycapcxoxr nOJIKy. YlJaCTHI1K pYC.-JlnOHCKOI1BOI1HbI 1904-05. nbIJI H3BeCTeH B nerepoyprcxoa 06Il{eCTBe KaK JII0611TeJIb CBeTCKI1Xpa3BJIelJeHHH, H3blcKaHHoH KyXHH H 60JIbmOH nOKJIOHHHK )KeHIl{HH. 20.3.1914 Ha3HalJeH KOMaH,n;l1pOM JIeH6-rBap,n;HH Arauancxoro HaCJIe,n;HHKa Ilecapenaaa nOJIKa. YlJaCTHHK 60eBbIX ,n;eHCTBHH,3apeKOMeH,n;OBaJI ce65I xpa6pbIM H onbITHbIM odianepou. 3a OTJIUlJHJI 4.11.1914 narpazcnen op,n;eHOMCB. Ieopraa d-ii CTeneHH. 17.9.1915 OT03BaH B CTaBKY 11 Ha3HalJeH M.,n;. noxonnoro araaana ncex Ka3. BOHCK npn BepXOBHOM rJIaBHOKOMaH,n;YIOIl{eM (4.10.1915 YTBep)K,n;eH). B anp. 1916 rrO)KaJIOBaH nepna-rosr - aM6JIeMOH araxrancxoii BJIaCTI1 (rpauora 19.7.1 9 16). Bo BpeMJI <DeBpaJIbCKOH peBOJIIOl{1111 1917 Haxo,n;I1JICJI B Ilerporpaae. E,n;I1HCTBeHHbIH 113 ceMbU nOCJIe OTpelJeHHJI OTrrpaBI1JICJI na rrononts K Iocyzrapro B CTaBKY (MOfI1JIeB). B MapTe 1917 apecroaan 11zto I1IOHJI Haxo,n;I1JICJI non ,n;OMamHI1M apecroxr B AHrJII1HCKOM ztaopue B Ilapcxoxr CeJIe. 7.8.1917 O¢I1l{l1aJIbHO YBOJIen OT CJIY)K6bI «no rrpoureHHIO~ C MYH,n;I1POM.B cenr, yexan K MaTepl1 116paTY B Kl1cJIoBO,n;CK. asr, 1918 apecrosan 60JIbIlleBI1KaMI1, oCBo60)K,n;eH OTB PJl,n;OM rea. A.f. IllKYPO 116e)KaJI B ropsi Katiapnst. C cenr. 1918 )KI1JI B Anarre, a nOCJIe oCBo6o)K,n;eHI1J1Kpsnra OT 60JIbIlleBI1KOB nepeexan B KHCJIOBO,n;CK. 1919 aMl1rpUpOBaJI xepea KOHcTaHB THHOnOJIb B IIapH)K, noaace nepeexan B I1TaJII1IO. 12.7.1919 )KeHHJICJIna 3HHaH,n;e Cepreesne EJIHCeeBOH, YPO)K,ll;eHHOHPamesCKOH,passezteanoii ztoxepa rro,n;nOJIKOBHHKa(tipax 6e3,n;eTHbIH). 60POEBHQ ¢OH 60tiHA (Boroevic von Bojna) CBeTosap (13.12.1856, ztepenaa YMepl1l{e, 6JII13 KOCTaHHI1l{bI, XopBaTI1J1- 23.5.1920, KJIareH¢YPT), 6apoH (1917), aacrpo-sen77

repCKHH <peJIMMapIIIaJI (1.2.1918). CbIH <peJIbl{<pe6emI norpaHHqHbIX BOHCK (B 1872 oren rrOJIyqHJI 3BaHHe JIeHTeHaHTa). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI B KMeTcKoH IIIKOJIe (JIH6eHay); 1.5.1875 nponaseaen B JIeHTeHaHTbI H BbIIIy~eH B 52-H nenrepcxnii rrex. rrOJIK (Ipau), B 1878 BO BpeM}I oxxynaunn EOCHI1H H IepueroBHnbI yqaCTBOBaJI B 60}IX npa Kaxanax, KOJIOTUqe, Bacoxe U 3aH}ITUU Capaeso. IToCJIe OKOHqaHU}I Axaztexma Ieanrraoa 1.10.18813aqUCJIelI B feHIIITa6. C HO}I6. 1883 CJIY)KUJI B IIITa6e 63-H rrex. 6pUrMbI. C 1887 oqmqep-HHcTPYKTOP Tepeaaaucxon BoeHnOH aKMeMUU. C 1892 HaqaJIbHUK IIITa6a 19-H, 18-H, 27-H nex.naaaaair. C 16.4.1896 KOMaHl{Up 4-ro 6aTaJIbOHa 17 -ro nex, nOJIKa. C 1898 naqaJIbHUK IIITa6a VIII AK (ITpara). B 1899 )KeHHJIC}I na JIeonTHne, zro-repa nOJIKOBHUKa PUTTepa <pon Poseaa, C 22.2.1904 KOMaHl{Up 14- H nex. 6purMbI. B 1905 O. 6bIJI noasenen B nOTOMCTBeHHoe l{BOp}InCKOe 1{0CTOUHCTBO KOpOJIeBCTBa Bearpmr C 1{06aBJIenUeM no-rernoii npUCTaBKU ~<pon EoHHa~. C 14.4.1907 KOMaHl{Up VII nannaepnoro oxpyra B Arpaue: <paKTHqeCKH E. 6bIJI nOCTaBJIen BO rnase xopBaTCKOrOl{OM06panTcTa(onOJIqenH}I).3apeKOMeHl{OBaJI ce6jI KaK xopnarcxaii HaqHoHaJIHCT. C anp. 1912 KOManl{YIO~HH B paiione KaIIIay. C 1912 KOMaHl{Hp VI AK. Bo rnase xopnyca scryrran B BOHny B COCTaBe 4-H apMHH ren, M. <pon AyPpeH6epza. B COCTaBxopnyca BXOl{HJIH 15-}I (<peJIbl{MapllIaJIJIeHTenaHT BO,ll;n}InCKH <pOH BHJIb,ll;eH<peJIb,ll;) H 17-}I (<peJIh,ll;M.apIIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT Iepcrerroeprep), a TaK)Ke 39-}I roasemraa ,lI;HBH3HH (<peJIb,ll;MapIIIaJI -JIeHTeHaHT 3. XM<pH). YqaCTBOBaJI B cpazcenaa y Koxraposa. 4.9.1914 CMeHHJI ren. P EpyoepMalla na rrocry KOMaH,lI;yIO~ero 3-H apaaeii. ITo nJIaHY rea, <1>. Konpaoa dxm Iiimuenoopdx: apMH}I O. l{OJI)KHa 6bIJIa 060POH}ITb OT 3-H pyc. apMHH fOPOl{OKCKYIO rr03HqHIO aa JIbBOBOM. Bo BpeM}I Cpa)KeHH}I non PasOH-PYCCKOH-fop0l{KOM nacrynan B CTbIK 3-H H 8-H pyc. apMHH. B naxane OKT. ira E. B03JIO)KeHa aaztasa ,lI;e6JIOKHpOBaTb xpenocrs ITepeMbIIIIJIb. 28 cenr, (11 OKT.) naxan nacrynnenae COBMeCTHO co 2-H apsraeil na <ppoHTe XblPOBCTPbI}I, no norepne» aeyzra-ry H HaqaJI OTXO,ll; o BceMY <PPOHTY. n 4 (17) HO}I6. rr03HqHH II I H VII xopnycon O. B Kapnarax anKOBaHbI qaCT}IMH 8- H pyc. apMHH reir. A.A. EpYCWlo6a,6( 19) HO}I6. O. C,lI;aJI1ISKJIYH 6bIJI BbIHY)Kl{en OTOHTHC EeCKHAcKoH n03HqHH , H 10 (23) HO}I6. cztarr, crparerasecxa Ba)KnbIH JIyrrKoBcKHH ne-

B ztex, 1914 apMH}I E. COCTO}IJIa~3 III [ren, 3. KOJrep}!c), VII (ayqrepqor Hocudi-Aezucm) H X (<peJIb,ll;MapIIIaJI-JIeHTenanr 11. <pon Kpayrsansn) AK. Bo BpeM}I JIHMaHoBcKoro cpa)KeHH}I E. nepnoaavansao HMeJI ycrrex, no Y)Ke 8 (21) zrex. rroc- , JIe T}I)KeJIoro nopaxeaaa naxan orcrynneane. Bo BpeM}I fop-

pesan,

nmncoro npopusa 1915 apMH}I E., nozmepacaanaa rep~. KOPnycosr ren. f. <pon Mapeuua, ,lI;OJI)KHa6bIJIa CKOBaTb ,lI;eHCTBHfI 3-H pyc. apMHH B Kapnarax. 19 anp. (1 Ma}{) naxan aacrynneHHe na XXIV H XII pyc. AK, 3aCTaBI1B HX OCTaBHTb Kapnarsr. PYKOBO,ll;HJI OCa,ll;OHxpenocrn ITepeMbIIIIJIb, KOTOPYIO nOCJIe OTXO,ll;apyc. BORCK 3aH}IJI 3( 16) HIOH}I. I_!oc~e BCTy~JIeHH}I B BOHHY l1TaJIHH, C 27.5.1915 KOMaH~YIo~HH 5-H ~pMHeH na l1TaJIb}IHCKOM <pp.0HTe. PYKOBOl{HJI ,lI;eHCTBH}IMH BOHCK na p.1130Hno H rrOJIyqHJI np03BH~e «Psntaps COKH~. B MapTe 1916 npoBeJI ycrreIIIHoe nacryrinenae B THpOJIe, K aTOMY MOMeH!'y B coCTaBe ero apMHH l{eHCTBOBaJIH XVI ( <peJIMMapIIIaJI - JIeHTeHaHT B. <pOH BYPM), VII (spurepnor 110cH<p-ABrycT) H III (<peJIb,ll;MapIIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT <pOH Kpayrnansn) AK, a TaK)Ke acnouoraTeJIbnbIe qaCTH. 6.8.1916 rr03HqHH ero apMHH (OK. 100 TbIC. -ren., 584 0PY,ll;H}I) araxoaansi 3-H HTaJI. apMHeH (T.H. ~6-e cpazcenae na 1130nqo~). l1TaJI. BOHCKa 3aXBaTHJIlI MaCCHB Ca60THHo, BbIIIIJIH aa 6eper 1130HqO sanazmee fOPHqbI H 3aH}IJIH nacenennbIH nyHKT Iopany BOCTOqHee 1130HqO E. cxror opranaaoaars npOqHYIO 060POHY no rocnO,ll;CTByIO~UM BbICOTaM, U 17 asr. HTaJI. KOMan,ll;OBanUe OCTanOBHJI<? onepamno. B xone Cpa)KeHU}I O. nOTep}IJI 81 TbIC. qeJI. (B T.q. 20 TbIC. nJIeHHbIMu), a HTaJIb}IH~bI - 74 TbIC. qeJI. K MaIO 1917 apMH}I E. yseaa-reaazto 18 ,lI;HBU3UHH 1325 0PY,ll;UH (B T.q. 410 T}I)KeJIbIx). 14 MM 3-}I HTaJI. apMH}I H IoPHqKM rpynna (28 l{HBU3HH, 330 JIerKHX H 130 MHHOMeTHbIX 6arapeii, 1058 T}I)KeJIbIX 0PY,ll;HH) naqaJIH ~ 10-e cpaxenne na 1130nno» na ysacrxe OT ITJIaBbI ,lI;0 fOPHqbI. 3a ne,ll;eJIIO 60eB, notrees T}I)KeJIbIe norepn, HTaJI. BOHcKa rrpO,ll;BHHyJIHCb na 2-3 KM, E., HeCMOTp}I na ycneurasre xoirrparaxa, He y,ll;aJI~Cb nepnyrs OCTaBJIeHnyIO TeppHTOpUIO, U K 29 MM UTaJI. BOHCKa rrpozrannyJIHCb eute na 2-3 KM, YJIyqIIIHB cnoe crparernxecxoe nOJIO)Kenne. B 10-M cpaacerran UTaJIb}IHqbI nOTep}IJIH 157 TbIC. xen. (B T.q. 25 TbIC. nJIeHnbIMH), a apMH51 E. - OK. 124 TbIC. qeJI. (B T.q. 24 TbIC. nJIennbIMu). HOBoe nacrynnenae 2-~ H 3-}I UTaJI. apMHH (44,5 l{HBH3UH, 3566 opy,ll;HH, OK. 1760 MHnOMeTOB)

78

79

T.H. «11-e cpazcenae na 1130HQo~ HJIH na EaHH3HQQa~. E. HMeJI 5 xoprrycon H O)KH.n:aJI rrpH6bITH5I erne 14 .n:HBH3HHCztp. <pPOHTOB.19 asr. HTaJI. apMHH <pOPCHPOBaJIH1130HQO H aTaKOBaJIH rr03HQHH E., nacrynneaae pa3BHBaJIOCb ycneunro, HO H3-3a OTCYTCTBH5Ipeaepsoa H BCJIe.n:CTBHH 60JIbIIIHX noreps OHO 6bIJIO OCTaHOBJIeHO 23-29 asr. KOHTpaTaKOH 4 cenr. apMH5I E. BOCCTaHOBHJIarrOJIO)KeHHe. IlocJI,f OKOHqaHH5I Cpa)KeHH5I na EaHH3HQQa na I1TaJIb5lHCKHH TB,l{ 6bIJIH rro.n:T5IHYThI xpyrmue nonxpennenaa, a TaK)Ke rrepe6poIIIeH IIITa6 14-H repx. apMHH ren. O. <pOHEeJl08a. 24.5.1917 5-51 apMH5I E. npeofipaaonana B apMHIO «1130HQo~. 23.8.1917 apMH5I paaneneaa na 2 - 1-10 apMHIO «l13oHqo~ (reHepaJI-rrOJIKOBHHK <pOH Bypsr) H 2-10 apMHIO d13oHQo~ (rea. nexorsr 11. <pOHXeHpHKBeQ), 06e apMHH COCTaBHJIHrpyrrrry apMHH, BO rnase KOTOPOH rrOCTaBJIeH E. 24 OKT. - 29 H05l6. rpyrrrra apMHH E. COBMecTHO C 14-H repsr., 10-H H 11-H aBCTpO-BeHfepCKOH apMH5IMH rrpOBeJIH cpazcenne y Kanoperro (<<12-e cpazcenae na 1130HQO~). ,l{eHcTBOBaJI na <PPOHTeOT TOJIbMHHO.n:O notiepeao,a CJIeaa OT 14-H apMHH, naaocnameii rJIaBHbIH yztap, noaanna nepezt rpyrrrroH apMllM aaamraza 3-M llTaJI. apMll51 rea. 3MallyaJle([JWlu6epmo. Cpazcenae OKOHqllJIOCb pa3rpOMOM llTaJIb5lHCKHX BOMCKH HX 6ecrrop5l.n:OqHbIM orcrynnenaesr aa IIb5lBe. O.n:HaKO xacra E. He MOrJIll ycrreumo npecnenosars orcrynamnae xacra, T.K. He llMeJIll .n:OCTaTOqHOrOKOJIllqeCTBa nonaazcastx COe.n:llHeHllM. 9 H05l6. nocneanae uraz. qaCTll nepemna qepe3 I1bJIBe. 26.11.1917 narpazcztea repsr. Op.n:eHOM Pour Ie Merite, 11.1.1918 CMeHllJI spurepuora E8ZellURna rrOCTY rJIaBHOKOMaHnyiontero aecrpo-searepcxaaa BOHcKaMll na I1TaJIb5lHCKOM <ppoHTe. B COCTaB <ppoHTa BXO.n:HJIll 6-51 apMH5I (spurepuor Hocarp-Asrycr) II apxraa «1130HQo:!> (rea, <pOH Bypxr) - scero 60 .n:llBH3llH rrpll7500 opyzmax. 15ll1OH5I E. nepenren B nacrynneune rra <ppoHTe OT ACTllKO .n:o nooepeacsa. Ilepaonasansno llMeJI ycrrex, HO 3aTeM rrozroacenae 6bIJIO OCJIO)KHeHOKOHTpaTaKaMll aran, BOMCK, TOJIbKO B paaone rop MOHTeJIJIO II B Hll)KHeM TeqeHHH IIb5lBe eMY yzranocs yzrepzcars rrJIaQ.ZJ:apM. aTeM 3 rrOJIO)KeHHe BOHCK YXy.n:IIIHJIOCb H 23 HIOH5I E. OT.n:aJI rpnrcaa 06 r orxozte aa IIb5lBe na ncxozmsre noannaa. B mone cztan KOMaH-

HaqaJIH

18

aar, -

«Cpaaceaae

<pOH XOpCTeTQKll), I (rea, K03aK) II XV (rea. K. CKOTTll) AK, 6-51 apMll51 (rea. A. <pOH llIe1l6ypz-XapmellWmeUll) II apMll51 «1130HQo:!> (rea. <pOH BYPM). 24 OKT. nran. BOHcKa naxana cpaxcenae npa BllTTOPHO- Benero, npa 3TOM rJIaBHbIH ynap 8-51, 10-51 II 12-51 aran, apMHll HaHOCllJIH rro nosarraaa rpynnsr apMllM E. Aacrpo-aearepcxaa apMll51 nonana B T5I)KeJIOe rrOJIO)Kenae: qeIIICKlle II xopsarcxae xacra OTKa3aJIllCb Cpa)KaTbC5I, BeHrepcrcne BOHCKa 25 OKT. noxaaynn <pPOHT. 28 OKT. aBCTpO-BeHrepcxne BOHCKa HaqaJIH orcrynnenae rro BceMY <PPOHTY,npaxra-recxa He OKa3bIBa5I corrpOTllBJIeHH5I. B apxraa napnno rrOJIHoe paanozceaae, BOHCKa 6bIJIll.n:eMOpaJIH30BaHbI. 3 H05l6. 6bIJIO 3aKJIIOqeHO rrepesmpae, a 4 H05l6. - npexparnnacs soea . .n:eHCTBH5I na I1TaJIb5lHCKOM TB,l{. IIocJIe BOMHbI E. BblIIIeJI B OTcrasxy B 1918 sucrynan xareropaxecxa nporas BCTyrrJIeHll51 Xopsaraa B COCTaB KOpOJIeBCTBa Cepoos, Xopsaros II CJIOneanes, HaCTallBa5I na coazranan xopaarasra aesaancaaoro ro-

cynapcrsa. BOTA (Botha) JIYllC. (27.9.1862, [peMTaYH, HaTaJIb 28.8.1919, Ilperopna), IO)KHoa<pPllKaHcKllM renepan. EbIJI zceHaT na npnannxe AHHe 3MMeTT. B 1897 H36paH zrenyrarosr napJIaMeHTa (rponsxcpaazta) TpaHCBaaJI5I. Bo BpeM5I anrno-fiypcKOH BOMHbI 1899-1902 norrysnn qHH renepana TpaHCBaaJIbCKOH apMHll (1899) H rrepaoaasansno KOMaH.n:OBaJIIO)KHOM apMlleM 6YPOB, B resenae 1900 BeJI T5I)KeJIbIe 60ll nporaa BOMCK rea. P. EaJIJIepa na Tyrene. B 1900 CMeHllJI II. ,l{)Koy6epTa na nOCTY rJIaBHOKOMaH.n:YlOrnero BOMcKaMll TpaHCBaaJI5I. IIocJIe naaenaa IIpeTopHH B HIOHe 1900 CTaJI O.n:HllM ll3 opranasaropOB rrapTH3aHCKOH BOHHbI 6YPOB nporns aarmrsan, nponozosanIIIeMC5I.n:o 1902. IIocJIe nofiensr aHrJI. apMllll BepHYJIC5I K nonaTllqeCKOM zrearensaocra a B03rJIaBllJI Hapo.n:HYIO naprmo (Het Volk Party) TpaHCBaaJI5I. C 1907 rnasa npaanrenscrsa KOJIOHHll TpaHCBaaJIb. IIocJIe c03.n:aHll5l31.5.191 0 IO)KHo- A<PPllKaHcxoro COlO3a (IOAC) CTaJI npeasep-xanacrpon. B 1911 BMecre C 5I. CMllTOM C03.n:aJI npasautyio IO)KHoa<ppllKaHcKYIO naprmo. nOCJIe nasana BOHHbI 6bIJI Hall60JIee aKTllBHbIM CTOPOHHllKOM BCTyrrJIeHll51 B nee IOAC (na cropone Bemncofiparanaa) H ornpasxa B Enpony IO)KHoa<PPllKaHCKHX KOHTllHreHTOB. B03rJIaBllJI nonannenae rrporepuancxoro BOCCTaHll51 6y81

,,

.n:OBaHHe <pPOHTOM apurepuory Hocarpy-Asrycry, B03rJIaBHB rpyrrrry apMHM na IIb5lBe. Bee COCTaBe.n:eMcTBOBaJIHXXVI (rea.

80

pOB, noznraroro CBOHM 6bIBllIHM COpaTHHKOM rro aarno-oypcKoiI soiine X. Zleaeprou. B 1915 PYKOBO,ll,HMble 5. aoiicica aaxBaTHJIH repv. IOro-3arra,ll,HYlo A<PPHKY. B 1919 rrpe,ll,CTaBJIRJI IOAC na ITapH)I(cKoiI MHPHOiI KOH<pepeHIJ;HH.

6ypz),

IX (<peJIb,ll,MapllIaJI-JIeiheHaHT

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H Koprryc

60TMEP (Bothmer) <DeJIHKC <pOH (10.12.1852, MJOHxeH 19.3.1937,TaM )l(e), rpadi, repsr. reHepaJI-rrOJIKOBHHK (arrp. 1918). CbIH odnmepa. 06pa30BaHHe rrOJI)"IHJI B Baaapcxon BOeHHoiI aKa,ll,eMHH. B <peBp. 1871 BCTyrrHJI B 6aBapcKHiI JIeiI6peravear <paHeHloHKepoM. Y'Ia.cTHHK <ppaHKo-rrpyccKoiI BO»lIbI 1870-71. C cenr. 1871 JIeiITeHaHT 14-ro rrex. rrOJIKa. C 1885 6pHra,ll,HbliI azrsrorarrr, C 1898 KOMaH,ll,HpPOTbI 6aBapcKoiI JIeiI6raapzmn. C 1890 CJIY)l(HJI B mrafie 2-ro 6aBapcKoro AK, B 189193 - B 6aBapcKoM BoeHHoM MHHHcTepCTBe. C 1896 KOMaH,ll,Hp 6aTaJIbOHa JIeiI6-rBap,ll,HH, C 1899 Ha'IaJIbHHK orztena 6aBapcKoro Iennrratia, C 1901 KOMaH,ll,Hp JIeiI6-pefHMeHTa. C 1903 KOMaH,ll,Hp 2-iI 6aBapcKoiI rrex. 6pHra,ll,bI, C 1905 Ha'IaJIbHHK 2-iI 6aBapcKoiI ,ll,HBH3HH, C 1909 reaepan-xannran 6aBapcKoiI JIeiI6reapzma 1.12.1914 naauasen KOMaH,ll,HpOM C<pOpMHpoBaHHoro VI 6aBapcKoro peaepsnoro xopnyca, HO yzce 30 ztex nepevemen na rrOCT KOMaH,ll,Hpa II 6aBapcKoro peaepsnoro xoprryca. Bo rnase Hero y'IaCTBOBaJI B HaCTyrrJIeHHH repxr. BoiICK B JIoTapHl-IrHH. 3aTeM ero 'IaCTH 6bIJIH rrepe6pomeHbI na BOCTO'IHbIiI <pPOHT, OTJIH'IHJICR B 60RX na ,llHecTpe, npa fHHJIoiI JIHrre H 30JIOTOH JIHrre. 22.3 1915 na 6a3e Koprryca 5. cosztana rpyrrrra, rcyzta BOlliJIH TaK)I(e repxr. 1-R nex. H 3-R rnapneiicxae ,ll,HBH3HH, a TaK)I(e ronaezmas ,ll,HBH3HR. 3TO HOBoe 06'be,ll,HHeHHe rroJIy'IHJIO Ha3BaHHe -sxopnyca EOTMepa~. C 6.7.1915 KOMaH,ll,YJOIIJ;HiI IO)I(HOH apMHeiI. B cenr, 1915 B COCTaB apMHH BXO,ll,HJIHCMeurannsre aecrpo-repxr. xoprryca ren. KaBaJIepIfH Mapuranna H <peJIb,ll,MapllIaJI-JIeiITeHaHTa IT. Xo<pMalIHa. B xozte fOPJIHIJ;KOH orrepanna apMHR 5. nrpana BcrroMOraTeJIbHYJO POJIb, CKOBbIBaR 'IaCTH 11-iI pyc, apMHH. OpraHH3aIJ;HOHHO apMHR BXO,ll,HJIa B faJIHIJ;HiIcKHiI <pPOHT, B03rJIaBJIRBllIHHCR ascrpo-searepcroo, KOMaI-I,ll,OBaHHeM (spurepnor ([Jpuapux, rea, <D. Konpao ¢01t flimu,e1taop¢). Hacrynan B BOCTO'IHOiI faJIHIJ;HH Me)l(,ll,y Byrou H PYMbIHCKOiI rpananeit. 7.7.1915 Harpa)l(,ll,eH opzteaov Pour le Merite. Ha HJOJIb 1916 eMY 6bIJIH nonsnnenu XIII (rea. rrexoTbI A. Peueu u,y E3pe1tC¢eJlba), VI (A. Apu, ¢01t IIImpaycce1t82

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see xopnyca 6bIJIH ascrpo-aenrepcxaaa, H TOJIb~O B VI AK ,ll,eiICTBOBaJIa 39-R repxr. rrex. ,ll,HBH3HR renepan-nenrenanra <pOH OrrrreJIbn-EpOHHKOBCKH. B HJOJIe 1916 BO BpeMR aacryrrneana pyc. BOl1cK rea, A.A. EpyCUJl08a 6bIJI BbI~)I(,ll,eH nozt ,ll,aBJIeHUeM 7 - H H 9- iI pyc. apMHH K Ha'IaJIY cenr, OTOHTH 3a p. 30JIOTaR Jlana na py6e)l( 5p3eH)I(aJIbI- faJIH'I-CTaHHCJIaBOB. Ha nepnou srarre opraHH30BaJI ynopnoe corrpOTHBJIeHUe na Crpsme, B T.'I. 11 HJOHR ycneumo KOHTpaTaKOBaJI (HcrrOJIb3YR rrpH6bIBllIYJO H3 Iepuaaaa 48-10 pesepanyro ,ll,HBH3HJO) 'IaCTH XVI pyc. AK. B HOR6. 1916 BO BpeMR onepanna rro pasrpouy PYMbIHCKOH apMHH Krro-Sanannaa apMHR (TaK ona HMeHOBaJIaCb B 3TOT nepnon) yzce COCTORJIaB OCHOBHOM H3 repu. xacreii: B nee BXO,ll,HJIHX AK rea, nexoru M. <pOH 36eprap,ll,Ta U XXIV peaepamaii xopnyc renepana nexorsr <pon Iepoxa, a TaK)l(e aacrpo-senrepcxaa xopnyc Xorpaanaa (KOTOpbIM KOMaH,ll,OBaJI <peJIb,ll.MapllIaJI-JIeiITeHaHT <pOH YHllIYJIb,ll,) H XV Typ. xopnyc renepan-aaaopa Illeexu-nausu. B HJOJIe 1917 B nozeraHeHHH E. HaxO,ll,HJIHCb XXVII (renepan KaBaJIepHH Kpyr <pon Hnztzta) H XXXV (reaepan-rreiirenanr <po~ XeiIHHKHYC) peaepsnsre xopnyca, XXV ancrpo-senrepcxaa !<l>eJIb,ll,MapllIaJIJIeiITenaHT Xo<pMaHH) H XV TYP. (renepan-uaiiop 5lB~,ll,-rrallIa2 xopnyca. Bo BpeMR monscxoro HacTyrrJIeHHR pyc. BOHCK 191, E. naaec 6(19) HJOJIRxonrpynap. Pyc. BOHCKa rrpaKTH'IeCKH ue OKa3aJIH corrpOTHBJIeHHR H 6bIJIU ortipomenu aa 36pY:b. 25.7.19175. rrOJIY'IHJI nytioesre BeTBH K 0P8eny le ~ente. C 4 <peBp. rro 10 nOR6. 1918 KOMaH,ll,YJOIIJ;HH 19-u apM~eH B JIoTapHHrHH, KOTOPaR BXO,ll,HJIaB COCTaB rpyrrrrbI apMHU -slepuor Ansfipexrs-, arpaaureii BCIloMOraTeJIbHYJO POJIb. B ztex. 1918 BbIllIeJI B oTcTaBKY.

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603H (Boehn) Maxc <pOH (16.8.1850 - 18.2.1921), repsr. reHepaJI-rrOJIKOBnHK. He3a,ll,OJIrO,l],0 BoiIHbI BbIllIeJI B oTcTaBKY. ITPH M06uJIH3aIJ;HU 2.8.1914 npaasan H3 OTCTaBKH H Ha~Ha'ieH KOMaH,ll,HpOM IX peaepsnoro xoprryca. 3a ycrre~Hble ,ll,eHCT~HR B HIOJIe H anr. 1916 BO BpeMR HaCTYl1JleHHR 6pHTancKHx BO~CK na COMMe 24.8.1916 narpazcnea opnenosr Pour le Mente. 2.2.1917 rrOCTaBJIeH BO rnase apueiicxoro ynpaanenaa ~C~, 06'be,ll,HnRBllIero repu. 'IaCTH B paiione Cen-MHXeJIR (<Dpan83

U;Jf5I).11.3.1917 aaanaxen KOMaH,lJ;yIQIQHM 7-HapMHeH. 20.5.1917 aa OTJmqH5I B xozte 60eB npa ACHe H B cpIDKeHHH npa Illesor'z(e-.llaM nOJIyqHJI nyrioasre BeTBH K opzteny Pour Ie Merite. 3.5.1918 nOJIyqHJI 3BaHHe nrerpa 163-ro nex, nOJIKa. 6.8.1918 non er~ KOMaH,Z(OBaJmeM Cq,OpMHpoBaHa apMeHCKa5Irpynna ~Do:m~, ,Z(ellCTBOBaBIIIa5Ina 3ana,l(HOM rpponre. 31.10.1918 rpynna 6hIJIa pacdiopvapoaaaa, a D. BHOBl>3aH5IJI nOCT KOMaH'z(YIOIQero 7-H apxmea H PYKOBO,Z(HJI onepaU;H5IMH ,Z(O ee KOHu;a BOHHhJ.

apMHH 2 nex. ,Z(HBll3Hll, KaB. 6pHra,l(Y II repsr, OTP5l,Z(. asr; 1916 B aaxan nacrynneaae na CaJIOHllKCKOM q,poHTe OT DliTOJI5I, HO ncxope 6hIJI BhIHY)I(,l(eH OCTaHOBliTh nacrynnenae. OT6llJI KOHTpHaCTYIIJIeHHe COI03HHKOB,HO6hlJl BhIHY)I(,l(eHOTBeCTHapMHIO. 15.9.1916 OTCTpaHeH OT KOMaH,Z(OBaHH5I. IIocJIe BOHHhI BO speM5I npaBJIeHH5I npaaarenscrna A. CTaM60JIllHcKoro (1919-23) HaXO,Z(HJIC5I 3MHrpaU;HH B Iepuaaaa. B

60.H,l()I(MEB KJIllMeHT Eq,THMoB (15.7.1861, OXPH'z( 15.7.1932, COq,H5I), 60JIrapCKHH reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT. 06pa30BaHll~ nOJIyqHJI B BoeHHOM yqHJIHIQe B COq,llH (1883) H B BoeHHOH arcazresonr B TYPHHe (1893). BhmYIQeH B 4-10 nex. CaaoKOBCKYID,Z(pY)I(HHY,scxope aaanaxea KOMaH,Z(HpoMPOThl I-ro rrex. Coqinacxoro nOJIKa. Bo BpeM5I cep6CKO-60JIrapCKOH BOHHhI 1885 3aHHMaJI nocr azrsroranra IIITa6a 3ana,l(HOro xopnyca. K~MaH,Z(oBaJI 8-M rrex. IIPHMOPCKHM nOJIKOM, 2-H 6pHra'z(oH 9-H nex, ,Z(HBH3HH.C 1910 HaqaJIl>HHK 4-H IIpeCJIaBCKOH nex, n:llBH3HH. Bo BpeM5I 1-H DaJIKaHCKOH BOHHhI 1912-13 KOMaH,Z(OBaJIZ(HBll3HeH, sxoztaaureit B COCTaB3-H apMHH; OTJIHqHJIC5I , B Cpa)I(eHH5IX npn ECKHnoJIoce- Ilerpe, CeJIHJIOJIY, feqKeHJIH, Bynapxacap, JIIOJIe- Bypraa, B 605lx na lJaTaJI,Z()I(HHCKHXno3HU;H5IX KOMaJI,l(OBaJI 06oen:HHeHHhIM asaarapnosr 1-H H 3-H apMHH; npH06peJI H3BeCTHOCThKaK peIIIHTeJIhHhIH BOeHaqaJIhHHK. Bo BpeM51~-H DaJIKaHCK~H BOHHhI 1913 KOMaH'z(OBaJI MaHeBpeHHoH rpyrmoa B C~TaBe 5-H apMHH. AsTOP nepaoii peJIheq,HoH xaprsr DOJIrapHH. C 23.8.1913 no 1.9.1914 BoeHHhIH MHHHCTP,B 1915HaqaJIhHHK feHIIITa6a. C BCTynJIeHHeM DOJIrapHH B BOHHYB OKT. 1915 aaanasen Ko~aH,Z(YIOIQHM 1-H apxraefi, B COCTaBKOTOPOM BXO,Z(HJIH 1-51COq,HHCKa5I, 6-51D'z(HHCKa5I, -51TYH,Z()I(aHCKa5I, 8 9-51 IIJIeBeHCKa5I nex. ,Z(HBH3UH,1-51KaB. 6pHra,l(a, 4 rrorpannsnsre 'z(PY)I(HHhIn BcnOMOraTeJIhHhIe qaCTH (scero OK. 195 ThIC. qeJI.). Bo rnase apMHH yqaCTBOBaJI B KaMnaHHH nporas Cepfian B OKT.-,Z(eK. 1915 nozt 06IQHM KOMaH,Z(OBaHHeMreHepaJI-q,eJIh,Z(MapIIIaJIa A. q,OH Ma1Ce'H3e'Ha. IIepBOHaqaJIhHO BCTpeTHJI ozcecTOqeHHOe conpOTHBJIeHHe co CTOPOHhIcepocxax BOHCK.APMll5I D. 3aH5IJIa 3aHrap, HHIII, IIPHIQHHY, DH)I(OJIh, 0PXH,Z(. 11 H05l6. 11-51 repa. apsora B HHIIIe coe,Z(HHHJIaChC apMHeH D. B 1916 3aHHMaJI q,POHT na BOCTOKOT osepa OXPHn:, HMe51 B COCTaBe
84

6PEitTYaitT (Braithwaite) YOJITep IIHnoH (1865 -1945), aHrJI. renepan. 12 JIeT npOBeJI na cJIY)I(6e B Cosrepcercxoii nerKOH nexore. OKOHqllJI AKa,l(eMHIO feHIIITa6a B Jlonztoae. Ilepen HaqaJIOM BOHHhI 3aHHMaJI nOCT napexropa MHAHHCKOH axazteMlill feHIIITa6a, HO B asr; 1914 6hlJl OT03BaH B JIOH,Z(OH.B MapTe 1915 uaanasen HaqaJIhHllKOM IIITa6a KOMaHAYIOIQero 3Kcne,Z(HU;HOHHhIMHCHJIaMH na CpeAH3eMHOM Mope rea. 51. Iauunemona. IIocJIe npoaana orrepauna B OKT. 1915 OT03BaH. XOT5I xapsepa faMHJIhTOHa na 3TOM 3aKOHqHJIaCh, D., 6JIaro'z(ap51 nozutep)I(Ke csoero craporo TOBapHIQa rea . .ll. Xeiiza, nony-ran Ha3HaqeHHe KOMaH,Z(HpOM62-H (2-H 3ana,l(Ho-ti0PKIIIHpCKOH) repPHTOPHaJIhHOHAHBH3HH. B 51HB.1917 AHBH3ll5I6hlJla nepe6poIIIeHa BO <l>paHu;mo H B Mae snepnsre scrynana B 60H. YqaCTBOBaJI B cpaacenan y KaM6pe, a 3aTeM B 605lx BO BpeM5I repsr. naCTynJIeHH5I BeCHOH 1918. 3aTeM D. -ll.O. KOMaHAHpa XXII KOPnyca, a B cepeznrne cerrr, 1918 - KOMaHAHpa IX xopnyca . .llByM5I He'z(eJI5IMHn03)I(e OH CMeHllJI rea. POYJlU'HCOHQ na nOCTY KOMaHAYIOlQerO 4-H apMHeH. Ero qaCTH ycrreumo npopsana JIHnmo Iannenfiypra, csrrpan rJIaBHYIO POJIh B HacTynJIeHHH npasoro q,JIaHra 6pHTaHCKOH apMHH. IIocJIe OKOHqaHH5I BOHHhI D. no rropysenmo Xeitra 3aHHMaJIC5I H3yqeHlleM onsrra pa60ThI aHrJI. III'I'a6a BO BpeM5I BOHHhI.

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6PM,l()I(EC (Bridges) YllJIh5lMTpoc6H (18.2.1861, Ipeenotc, illOTJIaHAH5I - 18.5.1915, faJIJIHnOJIll), aBCTpaJIHHCKHH renepan-xraiiop. ChIH xarnrrana BM<l>. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B KOpOJIeBCKOH BoennO-MopCKOH IIIKOJIe (JIOHAOH), TPHHllTH KOJIJIe,Z()I(eOHTapHO ) H KHnrCTOHCKOM KOpOJIeBCKOMBoeHHOM ( KOJIJIeA)I(e. B 1879 ero CeMh51nepeexana B HOBhIH IO)I(HhIH Y3JIhC (ABCTPaJIH5I), rne D. nOCTynHJI na CJIY)I(6y B zterrapraMeHT ztopor H MOCTOB.B 1886 on nocrynnn B IO)I(HO-Y3JIhC85

KYIO apTlIJlJIepMIO H 3aTeM nanpaanea .n:JI51 rrpO.n:OJl)KeHH51 fipao 30BaHH51 B KOpOJIeBCKYIO BOeHHYIO aKa,n:eMHIOB BYJIH.n:)Ke H B KOpOJIeBCKYIO 0PY)KeMHYIO llIKOJIY. Iloa KOMaH.n:OBaHHeM Ll. (fJpelfl/.a yqacTBOBaJI B aHrJIo-6YPCKOM BOMHe 1899-1902; 3a60JIeJI TH<pOMH B Mae 1900 6bIJI saaxyapoaan B AHrJIHIO, a B cenr. BepHy~c51 B ABCTPaJIHIO. CJIY)KHJI rrOMorn:HHKOM renepan-xsapTHpMeHcTepa H HaqaJIbHHKOM BoeHHoM paaaezncn, a C 1.1.1909 HaqaJIbHHK Iennrrafia aBCTpaJIHMCKHXBOMCK.Y6e)K.n:eHHbIMCTOpOHHHK ~HMrrepcKoM nztea», T.e. coxpaneans 3a ABCTpaJIHeM cyrn;ecTBy~rn:erO craryca .n:OMHHHOHa. B arrp. 1909 aaanaxen aBCTpaJIHHCKHM npencraaareneu B 6pHTaHcKoM Iennrrafie. BepHYBllIHCb B ABCTPaJIHIO, B. 6bIJI naanasen 1-M KOMaH.n:HpoM KOpOJIeBCKOro noenaoro KOJIJIe.n:)Ka LlaHTPYHe H nponaaenen B B 6pHra,n:HbIe reHe~aJIbI, CTaB nepasm aBCTpaJIHMl(eM, rrOJIyqHBllIHM :eHepaJIbCKHH qHH. C Ma5I 1914 renepan-aacnexrop aBCTPaJIHHCKHX BoopY)KeHHbIX CHJI.IIocJIe nasana BOMHbIB anr, 1914 C<pOPMHPOBaJIABCTPaJIHMCKHe nxmepcxae CHJIbI qHCJIeHHOCTblO 20 TbIC. qeJI., xoropsre COCTaBHJIH1-10 nexornyro .n:HBH3MIO H JIerKYIO KOHHYIO 6pHra.n:y. Hx KOMaH.n:YIOrn;HM6bIJI aasnasen B. Era BOMcKa 6bIJIH nepeopoureasr B AHrJIHIO, a 3aTeM qepe3 Ernner B faJIJIHrrOJIH. 15.5.1915 B. 6bIJI T5I)KeJIOpanea ryp. CHaMnepoxr H sepea TpH .n:H51CKOHqaJIC51. 3a ztem, .n:o csseprn 17.5.1915 - OH 6bIJI B03Be.n:eH KOpOJIeM Ieoprou V B psmapcxoe .n:OCTOHHCTBO, TaB nepssnr aBCTpaJIHMCKHM renepanosr C y.n:OCTOlIBllIHMC51,nOM -recra. '

B naxane BOMHbI ero xopnyc (50-51 rrex . .n:HBH3H51, -51,2-51,3-51, 1 4-51 <DHHJIHH.n:cKHeCTpeJIKOBbIe 6pHra,n:bI) some» B COCTaB6-M aPMHH ren. K. II. (fJall-dep-(fJJlUma. B ceur. 1914 cpa)KaJIC51 B ABrycToBcKHX necax. B OKT. 1914 aarpazcaea opztenosr CB. Ieoprua 4-H creneaa. B 51HB.1915 xopnyc 6bIJI H3 10-H apMHH nepeztan B 8-10 H eMY nopyxena 060poHa rr03Hl(HH B paiioHe K03IOBKH. IIpOCJIaBHJIC51 3arn:HTOH Ka3IOBKn, xorzta csror B reseaae no-rm 2 Mec CKOBbIBaTb IO)KHYIO repxr. apMHIO. OTJIHqHJIC51B 6051X npn )KypaBHe H aa CTpbIIIe. CKopOrrOCTH)KHO CKOHqaJICH.

6POH3APT <l>OH IIIEJIJIEH,[(OP<I> (Bronsart von Schellendorf) <DPH.n:PHX(16.6.1864, OepJIHH - ?), repa, renepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT. B 1882 BCTymIJI B npyccxyro raapmno. B 190405 COCT051JI xasecrse Ha6JIIO.n:aTeJI51 B npn 51rrOHCKOM apMHH BO BpeM51 pyc.-anoacxoii BOHHbI 1904-05. C 1913 Haxo.n:HJIC51B COCTaBerepn. BoeHHoM MHCCHH B TYPl(HH. IIocJIe 06'b51BJIeHH51 TYPl(HeH BOHHbI C H0516. 1914 H.n:O 1917 3aHHMaJI rrOCT naxansHHKa urratia TYp. fJIaBHOrO KOMaH.n:OBaHH51. 1918 HaqaJIbHHK C rrex . .n:HBH3HHBO <DpaHl(HH. 6PY,lI;EPMAH (Brudermann) A.n:OJIb<p PHTTep <pOH (2.6.1854, Bena - 26.10.1945, Berra), ascrpo- nenrepcxaii renepan KaBaJIepHH. CbIH reuepan-sraiiopa; MJIa,zl.llIHM6paT P. Epyoepuaua. 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI B Mapfiyprcxoa Ka,n:eTCKOM xopnyce H Tepeauancxoii BoeHHoH aKa,n:eMHH B BHHep- HOHllIranre. CJIY)K6y nasan B 1874 B 1-M YJIaHCKOM rrOJIKy, B KOTOPOM nposen 20 JIeT. B MIOJIe 1904 aaanaxen KOMaH.n:HpoM 2-ra YJIaHCKOro rrOJIKa. C arrp. 1910 KOMaH.n:Hp 3-M KaB. 6pHra.n:bI B Map6ypre, C MIOH511913 - 3-H KaB . .n:HBH3HH B Bene. O.n:HH H3 HaH60JIee H3BeCTHbIX KaB. KOMaH.n:HpoB aacrpo-aenrepcxoii apMHH. B asr, 1914 ero .n:HBH3H51 somna B COCTaB 1- H apMHH ren. B. Ilausa«, aeiicrnoaaameii B Ilo.nsnre. II03)Ke Cpa)KaJIC51nozt 3HaMeHaMH 3. Ee.M-3p.MoJlu H f. Keeecca pOll Keeecczasa. YqaCTHHK Cpa)KeHHH y JIHMaHoBa H 60eB B IIO.n:OJIHH. Bo apeM51MIOJIbCKOrO HacTyrrJIeHH51 pyc. apMHH B 1916 (B HIOHe-aBr.) nozt KOMaH.n:oBaHHeM O. C<pOpMHpoBaH KaB. Koprryc, B KOTOPbIM BOIIIJIHera C06CTBeHHa5In:HBH3I15I 8-51KaB . .n:HBH3I15I . H renepan -MaRopa <pOH<DJIYKa.IIPHH51JI ysacrne B HaCyYrrJIeHHH B PYMbIHHH.
87

6PlIHKEH Anexcanjtp- IIaBeJI <DPH.n:PHXOBHq <pOH nen (28.8.1859 - MapT 1917), 6apoH, pyc, renepan OT HH<paHTepHH (6.12.1914). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI B 1-M IIaBJIOBCKOM ysaJIMIue (1880) H HHKOJIaeBCKOM aKa.n:eMHH Iemurafia (1896). C 4.9.1896 HaqaJIbHHK urraoa KepqeHCKOM, C 2.4.1898 - Cnea6oprcKoM KpCrrOCTH. C 28.11.1901 KOMaH.n:np 85-ro rrex. BbI60prcKora rrOJIKa. YqaCTHHK pyc.cmoacxoii BOHHbI 1904-05 C2.5.1904 COCT051JI paCrrOp51)KeHHHHaqaJIbHHKa srarros MansB q)KYPCKOM apMHH. C 9.11.1904 HaqaJIbHHK urrafia I CH6HPCKOro AK, C 12.11.1.905 - I AK. 12.9.1908 nasna-ren HaqaJIbHHKOM urrafia BOMCK Iaapzma H Ilerepfiyprcxoro BO. C 26.8.1912 KOMaH.n:HP XXI! AK (cocTaBJIeHHOrO H3 <DHHJI51H.n:CKHXTpeJIKOC BbIX .n:HBH3HH) H OCTaBaJIC51 3TOM nocry zto caMoM cMepTH. na
86

B OKT. 1916 non ero KOMaHl(OBaHHeM BHOBb 6bIJI CCPOpMHpoBaH KaB. xopnyc. B H05l6. 1916 ero xopnyc COCTaBJI5IJIpeseps 7-H apMHH rerr. Kesecca CPOHKeseccraaa B PYMbIHHH. B ztex, 1916 xopnyc 6bIJI pacrpopaaposaa, a E. rro COCT05lHHIO 3l(OPOBb51 BbIIIIeJI B orcrasxy )KHJI B Bene KaK 'IaCTHOe JIHIIO.

6PY,lI;EPMAH (Brudermann) PYl(OJIbCP PHTTep CPOH (9.1.1850, Ioearsec, BeHrpH5I - 21.1.1941, Bena), aBCTpO-BeHrepcxmi renepan KaBaJIepHH (26.4.1907). Bpar A. EpyaepMana. 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIy'IHJI B XaHH6yprcKoM Kal(eTCKOM KOPrryce H Tepesaancxoa BoeHHOH aKal(eMHH B BHHep-HoHIIITal(re. CJIY)l(6y Ha'IaJI B 1869 JIeHTeHaHToM 11-ro YJIaHCKOro rrOJIrca, IIoCJIe OKOH'IaHH5I AKal(eMHH feHIIITa6a B 1874 3a'IHCJIeH B feHIIITa6. 1.4.1878 nonan B orcraaxy 1.1.1879 BepHYJIC5I na l(eHCTBHTeJIbHYIO CJIY)l(6y, CJIY)l(HJI B 1-M YJIaHCKOM rrOJIKY, HHCTPYKTOPOM Beiicxapxencxoro xaaercxoro xopnyca, B 1885 nepesezten B 14-H ztparyacxaii rrOJIK. C MapTa 1897 KOMaHl(Hp 15-H KaB. 6pHral(bI B TapHOrrOJIe. C MapTa 1900 rro MapT 1904 KOMaH,n:OBaJI7-H KaB. l(HBH3HeH B COCTaBerapHH30Ha Kpaxosa. B MapTe 1904 Ha3Ha'IeH COCT05lTbnpa reaepan-ancnexrope xaBaJIepHH apnrepuore OTTO, a B HIOJIe 1906 3aMeHHJI ero na STOM nocry, B OKT. 1912 E. rrOCTaBJIeH BO rnase TOJIbKO 'ITO CCPOPMHpOBaHHOH apMeHCKOH HHcrreKIIHH. C Ha'IaJIOM M06HJIH3aIIHH B anr, 1914 Ha3Ha'IeH KOMaHl(YIOIIIHM 3-H apMHeH, paaaeprsmaaIIIeHC5I B paiione JIbBoB-CaM60p. B ee COCTaB BXOl(HJIH (rrpa 288 0PYl(H5IX) XI (rea, ,ll. KOJIOlliBapH zte KOJIOlliBap) H XIV (apnrepuor HocurjJ- C/JepaU1la1la)AK, a TaK)I(e 41-51 (cpeJIbl(MapIIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT HHKH'I) H 23-51 (cpeJIbl(MapIIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT ,llsMrrcp) roaaenmae rrex. l(HBH3HH, 2-51 (renepan-sraaop CPOH Ilapeatia), 4-51 (cpeJIbl(MapIIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT CPOH UHrJIep) H 11- 51rOHBel(HaJI (cpeJIbl(MapIIIaJI -JIeHTeHaHT EHCCHHreH) KaB. l(HBH3HH. Ha apMHIO E. B03JIaraJIaCb sanasa aKTHBHoH 060poHbI faJIHIIHH, orpaxeaae B03MO)l(HOro ynapa CCPPoHTaCOKaJIbEPOl(bI H ooecne-reaae C npasoro cpJIaHra HacTyrrJIeHH5I, npeztrrpHH5ITOrO 1-H H 4-H apMH5IMH Me)l(l(Y BHCJIOH H Byron na JII06JIHH H XOJIM. C 10(23) anr, B COCTaB apMHH nepeztaa III xopnyc, cOCpel(OTa'IHBaBIIIHHC5I Ioro-BoCTO'IHee JIbBoBa, a XIV AK 3aMeHeH XII. Ha CPPoHTe nporas apMHH E. CT05lJIH 3-51 H 8-51 pyc. apMHH. Aecrpo-senrepcxoe KOMaHl(OBaHHe, He 3HaB88

IIIee 0 pa3BepTbIBaHHH 8-H apMHH rea. A A. Bpucunoea, C'IHTaJIO CHJIbI E. l(OCTaTO'IHbIMH H 11(24) aar, CH5IJIOC ero CPPOHTa rpyrrrry spnrepuora I1oCHcpa-<Pepl(HHaHl(a, nepefipocns ee na YCJlJleHHe 4-H apMHH rea. M. CPOHAyrjJrjJe1l6epla. 12(25) asr. BhlIIIeJI na CPPOHTKaMeHKa (11-51 KaB. l(HBH3H5I), ,ll3el(3HJIOB (XI AK), EOPTKYPOB (III AK), EOIIIOB (XII AK) H 13(26) asr, rrpOl(OJI)I(HJI nacrynnenae XI AK aa EYCK, 3-M AK - l(JI5I 3aH5ITH5I BbICOT Y 3JIO'IeBa H XII AK - na Ilovopacanu. 13 (26) asr, Ha'IaJIOCb cpaaceane na 30JIOTOH JIHrre Me)l(l(Y 'IaCT5IMH E. H 3-H pyc. apMHeH ren, H.B. Py3C1WlO, B TOT)I(e neas nacrynneHHe aBCTpO-BeHrepCKHX 'IaCTeH 6bIJIO oCTaHOBJIeHO, a na CJIel(YIOIIIHH ztens apMH5I E. 6bIJIa pa36HTa H 15(28) aar, OT6pOIIIena na BceM 60-KM Y'IaCTKe CPPOHTaOT KaMeHKH-CTPYMHJIOBOH no ,llYHaIOBa. XII AK BCTyrrHJI B 60H TOJIbKO 14(27) anr, y ,llYHaIOBa H 6bIJI pa3rpOMJIeH X pyc. AK (COBMeCTHO C 13-H rrex. l(HBH3HeH XII AK). Orcrynan na fHHJIYIO JIHrry na yxpennenHbIH pytiezc IIpYCbI- KypOBHIIe-<PHpJIeIOB H cxror YCKOJIb3HYTb OT KOHIIeHTpHpoBaHHoro ynapa 3-H H 8-H pyc. apMHH. IIocJIe STOro apMH5I 6bIJIa YCHJIeHa 23-H rrex. l(HBH3HeH H 97-H 6pHral(OH JIaHl(IIITypMa, cOCpel(OTO'IeHHbIMH y KYJIHKOBa; B COCTaB XI AK BKJIIO'IeHa 44-51 rrex. l(HBH3H5I. B cpaxenaa na fHHJIOH Jlnne 16(29) asr. aTaKOBaJI 3-10 pyc. apMHIO, Ol(HaKO pyc. BOHCsa, oT6HB yztap, aTaKOBaJIH CHJIaMH XI, IX, X H VII AK rr03HIIHH III H XII AK H npopsann 17(30) asr; rr03HIIHH XII ascrponeurepcxoro xopnyca na 15-KM Y'IaCTKe IIepeMbIIIIJI5IHbIEp)l(YXOBHIIe. B 06pa30BaBIIIHHC5I npopsm narrpaazreaa 10-51 pyc. KaB. l(HBH3H5I, rrpoHHKHyBIIIM BrJIy6b aacrpo-senrepcxofi rr03HIlHH na 12 KM. IIocJIe ::lTOrO apMH5I E. B rrOJIHOM paccrpofiCTBe Ha'IaJIa aeopraaasosaanoe nacrynnenae. 21 asr; (3 cenr.) B. 6bIJI BbIHY)l(l(eH snaxynpoaars JIbBOB. 4.9.1914 3aMeHeH ren, C. EOpOeBU'lleMdxn« Boiiua H 24.11.1914 YBOJIeH B oTcTaBKY. B 1936 E. H36paH rrO'IeTHbIM npeannearoa 06bel(HHeHH5I AJIbTHOHIIITal(Ta - xopnoparnanoii opraHH3aIIHH, 06bel(HH5IBIIIeH BbII1YCKHHKOB Tepeanancxofi axaztexnra.

6PY3ATH (Brusati) P06epTo (3.7.1850, MHJIaH 23.11.1935, Caara-Maprapnra, JIHrYPH5I), HTaJI. xopnycaoa reaepan (1922). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI B BoeHHOM KOJIJIel()I(e B <PHpeHIIe, BoeHHOH aKal(eMHH B TypHHeJI Tonorparpasecxoa
89

nncraryre B <l>HpeHI.:(e(1876). CJIYJK6y ira-ran B 1869 B 3-M apr, nOJIKy. B 1884 nepesezten B 64-H nex. nOJIK (MVIJIaH). C 1887 CJIYJKHJI B Ienurrafie: C 1892 KOMaH.n:Hp22-ro nex. nOJIKa (Meccaaa). C 1896 HaqaJIbHHK IIlTa6a IX AK, c 1898 KOMaH.n:IfP6PIfrazrsr «Meccmras-, C 1905 - .n:HBH3HH«Paaeaa». C 1910 KOMaH.n:HP I AK B Typnae, onaonpeveano C 1914 cenarop. IIoCJI~ 06"b5lBJIeHH5I BOHHbI 24.5.1915 naanaxen KOMaH.n:YIOIl(HM 1-H apMHeH, pa3BepHYToH Bt{OJIb ropnsrx rreneii OT rpamrusr co Illaeiinapaeii n zto oaepa Ipazta. B COCTaBapMHH BOIIlJIH III H V AK, a TaKJKe 15-51.n:HBH3H5IIf3 COCTaBaVIII AK. 24 MaR apMH5I naxana HacryIIJIeHHe, xoropoe IfMeJIO ycnex. BOllCKa E. 3aH5IJIll p5lj{ BaJKHbIX crparern-recxax nYHKTOB, B T.q. fOPHbIH rrpoxon Tonane B t{OJIHHe BaJIb-KaMOHIfKa, MOHTe-EaJIb.n:o, MOHTe- IIa3y6Ho H MOHTe- Badxpena«. 27 MaR E. yztanocs 3aWITb HOBbIe n03HU:HH B paiione MeJK.n:y.n:OJIIfHOHBans-Jlarapnaa If nJIaTO A3b5lfO. K KOHU:Yonepauna apMH5I BbI.n:BlfHYJIaCbna JIHHHIO EoprO-POBepeTO-PlIBa. Bo 2-ll nOJIOBlIHe 19151I B nasaJIe 191"6 BeJI npeIfMYIl(eCTBeHHO 60H M_ecTHoro anasenaa, crpeM51Cb ynysnrars crparernsecxoe nOJIOJKeHHe.B 1916 E., HeCMOTp51 na nonysaensre CBet{eHIf51 0 npencroauren nacrynnenan aacrpo-sesrepcxoa apMHlI, He npIfH5IJI He06xot{IfMbIX Mep t{JI5I nOt{fOTOBKH 060pOHHTeJIbHbIX noaauna: HaMeqeHHble rJIaBHbIM KOMaHt{OBaHHeM 060pOHHTeJIbHble py6eJKH B TbIJIY He 6bIJIH nO,lJ;rOTOBJIeHbI. TO, a TaKJKeB u:eJIOMneyna-msre ,lJ;ellCTB1I5I 3 apMHH npHBeJIH K ero 3aMeHe 8.5.1916 - aa He.n:eJIIO,lJ;O naxana ascrpo-seurepcxoro HacrynJIeHH5I - rea. ,ll. Ilexopu-Ibcupansou.

6PYClIJIOB Anexceii AJIeKceeBHq (19.8.18g3, TlI<pJIHC Mocxsa), pyc. renepan OT KaBaJIep"H (6.12.1912), reaepan-azrsroranr (10.4.1915). CbIH renepana. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqIfJI B IIaJKeCKOM xopnyce (1872). Bsmyruen B 15-H ztparyHCKHll Taepcxoii nOJIK. B 1873-78 - a.n:"bIOTaHT nOJIKa. yqaCTHlIK pyc.vryperncoii BOHHhl 1877-78 (A31IaTcKHll TB,ll).
17.3.1926, B 1878-81 HaqaJIbHHK nOJIKOBOH yqe6HOH KOMaH,lJ;bI.C 1883 CJIYlKHJIB nOCT05lHHOMCOCTaBe 0<plIu:epcKoll KaB. IIlKOJIbI: azrsroTaHT (7 JIeT 11 Mec), nOMOIl(HIfK HaqaJIbHHKa (c 1890), naxansHHK OT,lJ;eJIeHIf51 aepxoaoii esnsr If BbIe3,lJ;KH; aqaJIbHIfK ztparynH CKOro OT.n:eJIa(c 1893). C 10.11.1898 nOMOIl(HlfK naxansnaxa, C 10.2.1902 HaqaJIbHIfK 3TOll IIIKOJIbI. 19.4.1906 rrpn npOTeKU:IfIf 90

-BeJIIfKOrO KH5I3a:HU1COJlaR HU1COJlae8U1{,a E. nOJIyqIfJI 2-10 rsap,lJ;ellcKYIO KaB. ,lJ;IfBIf3IfIO. C 5.1.1909 KOMaH,lJ;Ifp XIV AK, C 15.5.1912 nOMOIl(HIfK KOMaH,lJ;YIOII(ero BOllCKaMlI BapIIIaBcKoro BO. C 15.8.1913 KOMaH.n:Ifp XII AK. IIPIf npcaenenan MO6HJIH3an:IfIf 19.7.1914 naaaasea KOMaH,lJ;YIOII(IfMIIpOCKypOBCKOll rpyrmsr, KOTOPaR 28 mOJI5I npeofipasosaaa B 8-10 apMHIO IOro-3ana.n:Horo <ppoHTa. K KOHU:Ypa3BepTbIBaHIf51 B apsono (npa naxansmnce IIITa6a rea, II.H. JIOM1l08C1COM) BXO,lJ;IfJIlIVII (reu. OT IfH<paHTepIfIf 3.B. 31C1C) VIII AK (ren. P.,ll. Paa1CO, J(M.Umpue8), XII AK (ren. JI.B. JIem) , XXIV AK (rea. A.A. aYPU1(08), a TaKJKe 12-51KaB., 2-51CBO.n:HO-Ka3aqb5l,lJ;IfBIf3IfIf,aaTeM 1-51,2-51 Ky6aHcKIfe 1I TepCKaR xaaaxsn ,lJ;HBIf3HIf. B apMIfIf HMeJIOCb472 opyzma. E. npanan BbI.n:aIOII(eeC5I ysacrne B faJIHU:HllCKOH6HTBe. APMIfa: E. BMeCTe C 3-H apMHeH pa3BIfBaJIa na.crynnenae na JIbBOB. 8 anr, <pOPCHPOBaJI36pyq, BbI,lJ;eJIHBH3 COCTaBaapMHIf 3a.n:HecTpoBcKIfll OTP5l,lJ; (TepCKaR Ka3a%5I .n:IfBH3If51If 2-5I6pHra.u;a 12-H nex. ,lJ;HBH3IfIf,CMeHeHHaR3aTeM 71-H nex. ,lJ;IfBH3Ifell), nanpaaneansni H3 Beccaparina B EYKOBHHY. IIepBOHaqaJIbHO apMIf51 nacrynana, He acrpesaa corrporanneHIf5l, If 10(23) asr; ee qacm" 3aH5IJIIf TapHOnOJIb. 10-13(23-26) anr, apMIf51 If MeJIa pan ne60JIbIIIIfX CTOJIKHOBeHIfH, B n:eJIOM IfMeBIIlHX ycnex, JIHIIIb 3a.n:necTpoBcKml OTP5l.n: orepnen 00n pasceaae y Papanxa. 15(28) asr; naxan ,lJ;BfIJKenIfe na ceneposanaa na C6JIIfJKenIfe C3-ll apMIfell If CIfJIaMIf VIII If XII xopnyCOBuanec nopazcenae rpynne reno r. Keeecca CPOll Ke8eCClO.3a y I Ilonraiinea, 16(29) aar, BCTynIfJI y Porarana B 60ll co 2-H apMHeH rea.B. EeM.-3pM.oJlu. JIIfKBIft{HpoBaB npopsm H3 Pyzta, B. naaec nopaxenae npOTIfBHIfKy yztapaan VII AK nozr 5IHqHHOM, XII AK y Poraruaa H <l>HpJIeIOBaIf VIII AK y )KeJIIf60p. Bcero B XO,lJ;ePoraTHHcKIfX 60eB apMH5I E. B351JIazto 20 TbIC. nJIeHHbIX H 70 Opy.n:Hll. 20 asr, (2 cenr.) B351JIIanax. APMlIa: npanana yxacrae B CpaJKeHIfH y PaBbI- PYCCKOll- Iopoznca, rne noaaeprnacs araxaxr 2-H If 3-ll aacrpo-nenrepcxnx apMHH. 27 asr; (9 cenr.) 2-a: ancrpo-senrepcrcaa apMHa: HaHeCJIay.n:apy KOMapHo If oT6poClIJIa XXIV AK aa Illepxen. 29 asr; (11 cenr.) npoTllBHHK npepsan CpaJKenHC. B CCHT. nozt KOMan.n:OBanIfeM E. 06"bc.n:HHenbI 8-51If 3-a: (ren. Panxo-Zlxrarpaea) apMHH, rpynna ren. H.<l>. <pOH Kpusentumepua (XVIII AK - OCTanJICHHbIH B faJIHn:HlI apseprapzt 9-ll apsma) , a TaKJKe OCa.u;HbIllorpaa rea,
91

,ll.r. llleptaueea. 24-25 cear, (7-8 OKT.) CH5IJIoCMY IlepeasnnJI5I H npHKa3aJ13-M apMHH OTOMTHna npasua 6eper p. CaH. 28 cenr, (11 OKT.) qaCTH 2-M H 3-M aBCTpo-BeHrepCKHX apMHM araKOBaJIH n03Hl\HH XII, VIII H XXIV AK na <ppoHTe XbIPOBCTpbIM. 11 (24) OKT. nOJIO)J(eHHe apMHH CTaJIO KpHTHqeCKHM H3-3a ofixoztnoro MaHeBpa apMHH ren. neM-3pMOJIH. DHO 6bIJIO HCnpaBJIeHO BCTpeT-IHbIM06XO.n:OMXXIV AK reno Ilypmcona y CTPbI5I, H K 22 OKT. (4 H05l6.) ascrpo-aearepcxae BOMcKa naxaJIH OTXO.n:. XbIPOBCKOM cpaaceana qaCTH 8-M apMHH B351JIH B OK. 15 TbIC. nJIeHHbIX, 22 opyztaa H 40 nYJIeMeTOB. B KOHl\e OKT. rrepemen B nacrynnenae H, .n:OCTHTHYB npenropsa Kapnar, BCTYnHJI B 60M C ancrpo-aearepcxaaa BoMCKaMH. 31 OKT. (13 H05l6.) qaCTH XXIV AK 3aH5IJIH Bannrpon. B nasane H05l6. B xozte HenCTOXOBO- paxoscxoii onepauaa naxan Becxaacxoe cpaacenae. K 6( 19) H05l6. CHJIaMH XII AK B351JIl1:yKJIy. II poneas OXBaT CHJIa, MH XII H XXIV xopnycos H Ha:>KHMa5I <ppoHTa, VIII AK BbIC TeCHHJI ancrpo-senrepcxyro apMHIO ren. C. EOpOeBU1Ja P01t Boiiua C Becxaztcxax n03Hl\HM H 10(23) H05l6. B351JIcrparerasecxa Ba:>KHbIMJIynKoBcKHM nepenan. Hasan cnYCK B BeHrepcKYIO paBHHHY, 3aH5IJI Me30 JIa60q H Iyveaaoe, HO .n:aJIbHeMIIIee aacrynnenae 6bIJIO OCTaHOBJIeHO .n:HpeKTHBoH CTaBKH. Ilocne nasana JIHMaHoBcKoro cpa)J(eHH5I. B H05l6. 1914 HanpaBHJI na noxroms 3-M apMHH rea. PMKo-,llMHTpHeBa VIII H XXIV AK, OCTaBHB aa Becxazrax XII AK. Hacra 3-M ascrpo-aearepcrcoa apMHH H rpynnu ren. K. Ildinanuep-Basmuna C6HJIH XII AK C Becxnzr H B cpaaceana y KPOCHO H PHMaHoBa qyTb He npopnaJIH <pPOHTapMHH H He BblIIIJIH eM B TbIJI. ITOJIo)J(eHHe 6bIJIO BOCCTaHOBJIeHOOTT5IHYTbIMHa3M XXIV AK H 10-M KaB. .n:HBH3HeM rea. cD.A. Kennepa (VIII AK npo.n:OJI)J(aJIysacrne B JIHMaHoBcKOM Cpa:>KeHHHH nonec 60JIbIIIHe norepa), YCHJIeHHa5I P5l.n:OM xopnycos apMH5I 4( 17) ztex. nepemna B nacrynnenae XXIX AK (ren. OT HH<paHTepHH Zl.Il. 3yeB) H VII AK (rea, 3KK). 8(21) ztex, pa36HTbIe 3-51H 4-51ascrpo-nearepcxae apMHH HaqaJIH OTcryrrneane. B Haq;mIIIeMC5I 7(20).1.1915'cpa)J(eHHH B KapnaTax B. B l\eJIOM ycneumo npOTHBOCT05lJI 2-M H 7-M aBCTpO-BeHrepCKHM H IO)J(Hoj:, apMH5IM. 12(25) 5IHB.OCTaHOBHJInacrynnenae H nepeme,n B IWHTpaTaKY CHJIaMH XXIV, XII H VIII AK H 23 5IHB. (5 <peBp.) B351JIMe30 JIa60q, a 26 5IHB. (8 rpesp.) BHOBb B351JIJIynKoBCKHM nepeaan. B pasrap cpa)J(eHH5I nOJIyqHJI na
92

Crpuacxoe uanpannenae XXII AK (rea. OT Hu<pauTepHH 6aPOH A.cD. <poH-.n:eu-Epum,e1t) H3 COCTaBa10-M apMHH, xopnycy 6bIJIa nopyseaa ofiopoaa Ka3IOBKH, BO BpeM5I KOTOPOMOH nonee orposnrsre norepa. Ha JIeBOM<pJIaure npOTHBUHKY yztanocs 3151UB. (13 <peBp.) B351TbHepnoausr H BbI6HTb XXX AK H3 ByKOBHHbI. APMH5I6b1JIa YCHJIeHa XVII AK (H3 9-M apMHH) H XI AK (H3 3-M apMHH), HO nacrynneaae pa3BHBaJIOCb Me.n:JIeHHO H onepauaa 6bIJIa cnepnyra 7(20) <peBp. Bcero aa :nOT nepnozr apMH5I B351JIaOK. 48 TbIC. nJIeHHbIX, 17 opynaa H 119 rryneueTOB. B <peBp. apMH5I roToBHJIaCb K HacTynJIeHHIO, nepeztas qaCTb CHJI B 3-10 H 9-10 apMHH, H K KOHl\Y <peBp. ee COCTaBJI5IJIH VIII, VII, XXII H XVII AK. 20 <peBp. (5 MapTa) ascrpo-repxt. BOMCxa aTaKOBaJIH VIII AK rea. B.M. J!.palOMupoBa H VII AK B xone cpa)J(eUH5I y Banarpozta=Jlacxa B. COpBaJI rronsrrxy aBCTpo-senrepcxoa apMHH .n:e6JIOKHpOBaTbrapHH30H xpenocra ITepeMbIIIIJIb, HaIIIH BOMcKa B351JIHOK. 30 TbIC. nJIenUbIX H 10 opy.n:HM.6(19).3.1915 uaxan nacrynneaae na Y)J(OK. 11(24) MapTa XXIV AK npopsan <pPOHT III ascrpo-aeurepcrcoro xopnyca H OBJIMeJI rJIaBHbIM xpe6ToM Becxna. B HOqb na 16(29) MapTa naxan HaCTynJIeHHe. B 605lx 16(29) MapTa - 19 MapTa (2 anp.) pa36HJI CHJIaMH VIII, XXVII H XVII AK qaCTU 2-H aBCTpO-BeHrepcxoii apMHI1 na JIy6eHeHcKHx BbICOTax, C.n:eP)J(HBa5I II H V XXII AK IO)J(HYID apMHIO. B nOCJIe.n:YIOll{He.n:HHBMeCTe C JIeBo<pJIaHrOBOM rpynnoii 3-H apMHH (XXIV, XII H XXIX AK) OTpa~HJI KOHTpHaCTynJIeHHe 3-M aacrpo-aenrepcxon apMHH H repxr. xopnyca ren. r. <pou Mapeuua. K 30 xrapra (12 anp.) <popCHPOBaJI Kapnarsr. 26 MapTa (8 anp.) qaCTH IO)J(HOH apMHH B351JIH Ka3IOBKY, H ace rronsrrxa XXII AK BepUYTb ee OCTaJIHCb6eaycneIIIHbIMH, a apMH5I B. 3aB5I3JIa B Kapnarax, K cep. anp. 1915 apMH5I pa3BepHYJIaCb na rJIaBHOM xpefire Kaprrar, HMe51B CBOeM COCTaBeVIII, XVII, XXVIII H VII AK. llpOTHB apMHH B. paaaeprsmanacs 2-51 apMH5I neM-3pMOJIH. Korzra BeCHOH 1915 paapaanaacs xaracrporpa B raJIHl\HH, BbI3BaHHa5I yztapoa rea. A <pOHMaxenseua BO <pJIaHr Kiro-Banazraorc <ppoHTa na ysacTKe Iopnaue - Tapnoa, B. yqaCTBOBaJI B rpyznrou oTCTynJIeHHH pyc. apMHM nozr nanopoxr HenpH5ITeJI5I"npH 06HapY)J(HBIIIeMc5I He.n;OCTaTKe apr. caapaztoa. K HaqaJIY Ma5I B l\eJIOM 6JIaronoJIyqno BbIBeJI apxcno H3 Kapnar H paasepnyn ee no Carry (XXI, XII AK), Me)J(.n:yCaHoM H ,llneCTpoM (VII, VIII, XVII, XXVIII
93

AK). 11 (24) MM MaKeH3eH narrec yzrap B CTbIK 3-H II 8-H apMIIH y Pa,n;bIMHO, HO ,n;OCTIIrHYToro ycnexa He pa3BIIJI. 14 (27) MM HaqaJIOCb cpIDKeHIIe na Cane, rae npOTIIB 8-H apMIIII ,n;eHCTBOBaJIII 11-51repa, II 2-51ascrpo-senrepcxaa apMIIII. 8-51apMII5I nponena 7- znresnoe cpaacenne y Pa,n;bIMHO,B xozte xoroporo 6bIJI npaKTIIqeCKH YHIIqTO)KeH XXI AK. APMIIH nOHeCJIa orposmsre norepn H naxana OTKaTbIBaTbC5I naaazt. 22 MM (4moH5I) B. cztan Ilepesrsnum, II npo,n;OJI)KIIJI OTXO,n; a fOPO,n;oKcKHe n03HIlHH B n JIbBOBCKOM HanpaBJIeHHH. 7(20) mOHR apMH5I B. 6bIJIa BbI6HTa C fOPO,n;OKCKIIXn03IIIlHH H 9(22) HIOHH OCTaBHJIaJIbBOB. Ilpo,n;OJI)KM OTXO,n; a BOJIbIHb, apMIIH HMeJIa B CBoeM COCTaBeVII, n VIII, XII II XVII AK. B mOJIe ycneunro 060pOHHJIaCb OT qaCTH 1-H H 2-H ascrpo-nearepcxax apMIIH B paiione COKaJIH. 14(27) anr, 1-51 ascrpo-nenrepcxaa apMIIH aaxana nacrynnenae OT JIYIlKa B 06xo,n; rrpasoro q)JIama E., a 2-51 apMIIH HaHeCJIa ynap OT 360poBa no VIII AK. IIoJIo)KeHHe 6bIJIO cnaceao HOBOcq>opMHpoBaHHbIM XXXIX AK (rea. C.eD. CmeJlbllUlI,1CUU), oT6HBmHM aTaKH aacrpo-senrepcxax xacreii. IIocJIe neperpynnaposxa aecrpo-nenrepcxae soacxa BHOBb HaqaJIH nacrynnenae, H nOCJIe Cpa)KeHH5I aa p. fOPbIHb [23-26 aar, (58 ceur.j] B. OTBeJI npasoe KPbIJIO H uerrrp (VIII, XII H XXXIX AK) aa pexy, rae rrOJIyqHJI XXX AK ren. A.M. 3au01l1l1COeC1COlO.31 aar, (13 cenr.) nponen KOHTpaTaKY, HaHeC5I nopazcenae 1-H (rea, II. Iluxano c/J01t Bpnoe) H 2-H (rpensztMapmaJI OeM - 3PMOJIH) ancrpo- nearepcxaa apMHHM npa .lly6He H BHmHeBIle. 3aTeM nanpasan XXX AK B ofixon JIYIlKa, a XXXIX AK - ,n;JIH<pPOHTaJIbHOro yzrapa, 10(23) ceur, BOHcKa apMHH B351JIHJIYIlK. Oznraxo 12 (25) cear, nOCJIe paaa neycneumsrx ,n;JI5Ipyc, BOHCK CTOJIKHOBeHHH JIYIlK 6bIJI norepaa. B rexenae cear. H OKT. BeJI 60H MeCTHoro 3HaqeHHH B Ilonecse, aa BOJIbIHH H B faJIHIlHH. 5( 18) OKT. pyc. BOHCKa B3HJIH HaproPbIHCK. 17.3.1916 nOCJIe YBOJIbHeH1I5Iren. H.I1. Heauoea B. 6bIJI naanasen rJIaBHOKoMaH,n;YIOIIlHM apMH5IMH IOro-3arra,n;Horo <ppoHTa, B COCTaBxoroporo B 3TO BpeMR BXO,n;HJIH 7-51, 8-51, 9-51 H 11-$1 apana. Ha COCT05lBmeMC5I1(14) arrp. B CTaBKe conentaHIIn o:_HocnTeJIbHO ,n;aJIbHeHmnx rrJIaHOB BOHHbI norpefioaan ,n;JI5I OlICK csoero <PPOHTauacrynarensaoii saztaxa, YTBep)K,n;M, B qTO pysaerca aa ycrrex. HeCMOTp51 na B03pa)KCHIIC rJIaBHOKOMaH,n;YIOIIlHX apMHRMII 3ana,n;Horo H Cesepaoro <pPOHTOB 94

rea A.E. 3eepma H A.H. Kuponamxuna, CTaBKa rrpHHHJIa pemenne 0 naxane HacTynJICHIIH 18(31) MM. COrJIaCHO ,n;HPCKTIIBe CTaBKII, HaHeCCHIIe rJIaBHOrO yziapa B03JIaraJIOCb na apMHH 3ana,n;Horo <ppoHTa (rea. 3BepT), a CCBepHbIH II IOro-3ana,n;HbIM <pPOHTbI ,n;OJI)KHbI6bIJIH OKa3bIBaTb JIIImb cozteiicraae. KasmaHIIIO npezmonaranocs aasarr, ztexroncrpatnreii CIIJIaMH <ppoHTa B. H3 POBHeHcKoro pafioaa. fJIaBHYIO pOJIb B. OTBeJI npaso<pJIamOBOM 8-M apMHII rCH. A.M. Kaneouua. YCIIJIHB ee aa cser cocezreii . .llPYrHM apMHHM rpponra - 7-51 (rea. Illepfiasea), 9-M (rea. II.A. JIe1JUlI,1CUU), 11-M (rea. B.B. Caxapoei - ztansr scnoMOraTeJIbHbIe aaaa-m. B TO )KC BpeM5I B. ztan B03MO)KHOCTb KOMaH,n;YIoIIlHM apMH5IMU rrpaasrrs caMOCTOHTCJIbHOepeurenne 0 HarrpaBJIeHHH yzrapa HX BOHCK. B pe3YJIbTaTC 3TOM necornacoBaHHOCTH <pPOHT no nJIaHaM oCYlIleCTBJIRJI rrpopsrs B xersrpex pa3JIHqHbIX HanpaBJIeHHRX, qTO, rCM He MeHec, OTBeqaJIO sazraqaM, nOCTaBJIeHHbIM rrepen <pPOHTOM - ,n;CMOHCTpaIlHH aKTlIBHbIX ,n;eHCTBHMB nououn, 3arra,n;HOMY <PPOHTY.Bcero B COCTaB <PPOHTa BXO,n;HJIO643500 mTbIKOB, 71000 Ca6eJIb, 2200 opy,n;HM B Ha3HaqCHHOe BpeMH, 22 MM (4 mOHR) B. nepenren B nacrynneaae H B nepssre )Ke ,n;HH,n;06HJICH6JIeCT5IlIlero ycnexa, I!POJIOMHB B HerrpHHTeJIbCKOM <PPOHre y JIYIlKa 6pemb B 50 KM mHpI1Hoi1. Oznraxo B paCnOpR)KeHHH B. HC 6bIJIO .n;OCTaTOqHOrO qUCJIa BOMCK,qTo6bI HCnOJIb30BaTb HCO)KH,n;aHHO xpynnstii YCnex B CTpaTerHqCCKOM OTHomCHHH. KPOMC roro, E. npononzcan CqIITaTb Ba)KHeHmHM KOBeJIbCKOC HanpaBJIeHlIC, B CBH3H C qeM 3aTOpM03HJI nacrynneane y JIYIlKa. 26 MM (8 HIOHH) npezmaCaJI KaJIe,n;IIHY npnztepacars xopnyca na JIYIlKOM HanpaBJIeHlIH n tronponnsrrs no HHM apMHIO. B 605lx 22-31 MM (5-1311IOH5I) 9- 51apMH5I HaHeCJIa nopazcenae 7 - M ascrpo- nenrepcxoa apMHH, oT6poCHB ec aa IIpYT H B 3a,n;HCcTpoBbe. K sesepy 1(14) nIOHH apMHII <ppoHTa B3HJIH OK. 150 TbIC. rrJICHHbIX. B cepeznme HIOH5I <pPOHTnOJIyqHJI ,n;orrOJIHHTeJIbHbICnozncpertnenaa - I, V, XXIII n I TypKecTaHcKHM AK. B. penmn rrpOBeCTH rreperpyrmaponxy na BOJIbIHH C IleJIbIO HaHeCTH ynap 3-M n 8-M apMH5IMH aa KOBeJIb, B CB5I3H C qCM npHKa3aJI npaocraaosnrr, ace orrepaIlHH rro <pPOI-ITY(sa HCKJIIOqeHHCM 9- M apMHH, aacrynastuefi na CTaHIICJIaBOB- Iamrx). K 12(25) HIOH5I<pPOHTB3HJIOK 200 TbIC. nJIeHHbIX, 219 Opy,n;HM, 196 MHHOMCTOBH 644 nYJIeMCTa; o6IUHe norepn rrpOTHBHIIKa npCBbICHJIH 400 TbIC. qCJI. APMHH <PPOHTa 95

rrOTep5lJIH OK. 290 TbIC. -ren. Mexcry TeM rea, 3BepT B YKa3aHHbIW eMY CpOK (28-29 Ma5I) HaCTyrrJIeHHe He naxan, a OTKJIa,n;bIBaJI ro e xerupe pasa (tI.0 20 11I0H5I), rrOCJIe-rero BMeCTOrJIaBHOrO yztapa na BHJIeHCKOM HarrpaBJIeHHH rrpOH3BeJI nropocrerrennsra yzrap na Bapaaosa-ra. IIOJIb3Y5lCb JTHM, repxr. KOMaHtI.OBaHHe noztBe3JIO 20 tI.HBH3HW H3 cDpaH:QHH H MaKetI.oHHH, a TaK)I(e C ztp. Y'laCTKOB BOCTO'lHOrO CPPoHTa. ABCTPHW:QbI B CBOIO o-repezts npacrynann K 06paTHow rrepeaosxe BOWCK,OTrrpaBJIeHHbIX HetI.aBHO na MTaJIb5lHCKHW CPPOHT.B pe3YJIbTaTe nacrynnenae 13. 6bIJIO rrpHoCTaHOBJIeHO. B 605lx 22-26 HIOH5I (5-9 HIOJI5I) 8-51H 3-51 apMHH HaHeCJIH pan nopaxcenaii repsr. BowcKaM. 26 HIOH5I (9 HIOJI5I) CTaBKa nepenana Kiro-Sanaanoxy CPPOHTY rJIaBHbIW yztap, OtI.HaKOMOMeHT 6bIJI yrrynten H CPPOHT BB5I3aJIC5IB 3aT5I)I(nsre KpOBOrrpOJIHTHbIe 60H, xoropsre BeJI tI.0 ocena 1916. Bcero sa BpeM5I Bpycnnoscxoro npopsrsa apMHII CPPoHTa B351JIII272 TbIC. rrJIeHHbIX H 312 OpytI.HW. CTaBKa rrpIIH5IJIa penrenae naneCTHrJIaBHbIW yztap na KOBeJIb H zranee na 5pecT- IIpY)l(aHbI. .l1:JI5I sroro B pacnopaaceaae 13. nepeztan rBaptI.eWCKIIw OTp5ltI. H IV CH6HPCKHH AK, C Cesepaoro CPPoHTa - III AK. 6(19) HIOJI5I rrpOII3BeJI neperpynnaposxy BbItI.BIIHyB rpyrrrry rea, B.M. Be306pa306a Me)l(tI.y 3-w H 8-w apMH5IMH. Ha 23 HIOJI5I(5 asr.) na3Ha'lHJI HOBoe HaCTyrIJIeHHe 11-w, 7 -w, 9-w apMHw, a na 25 11I0JI5I (7 asr.) - 2-w yzrap ceaepnsix apMIIw na KOBeJIb. 7-51,9-51H 11-51 apMHH HMeJIH 06mHw ycrrex, OtI.HaKOII3-3a roro, 'ITO see peaepBbI 6bIJIM 6pOllleHbI rra KOBeJIbCKOe aanpaazenne, tI.OCTMrHYTOro pe3YJIbTaTa pa_}BHTb He ytI.aJIOCb. Ha KOBeJIbCKOM nanpaaneHHH cHTya:QII51 CJIO)l(HJIaCbaeyzrasao, H 30 HIOJI5I(13 anr.) tI.ewCTBOBaBllIHe TaM 3-51 II Oc06a51 apMHII nepenaasr 3arra,n;HoMY CPPOHTY. 17) aar, Ha3Ha'lHJI HOBoe nacrynneane 4( na 16(29) asr.: 8-.51 apMM.5ItI.OJI)I(Ha6bIJIa aacrynars aa BJIa,n;MMHP-BOJIbIHCKMW, 11-51 - na Bpzceaansr, 7-51 - OKa3bIBaTb noztzrepzocy COCetI.51M, a 9-51 apMH5I - aacrynars rro paCXOtI.51mIIMC5IHarrpaBJIeHH5IM na Iamrs M Mapuapour-Carer. OtI.HaKO II3-3a nporecra ren. JleqHIIKOrO faJIHIIKOe nanpaaneane 6bIJIO nepenano 7-w apMMH. IIocJIe neperpynnaponxn, npaaennreti K saztepacxe, apMHH CPPoHTa 18(31) asr. nepetunn B HaCTynJIeHHe. B IIeJIOM orr epaIIH5I npa 60JIblllHX norepsx He npnnecna O)l(HtI.aeMbIX pe3YJIbTaTOB, TOJIbKO 7-51 apMH5I HaHeCJIa nopazcenae IO)I(HOW apMHH na 30JIOTOW H fHHJIOW JlHrre. nOCJIe aBrYCTOBCKoro nacrynne96

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HH5I apMHH CPPOHTa6b1JIH YCHJIeHbI aa cxer 3arra,n;Horo cppOHTa H peaepsa CTaBKH. 1(14) cear, 13. npennncan apMH5IM BHOBb nepeiira B HaCTyrrJIeHHe, KOTOPoe Ha'laJIOCb 3( 16) cenr, HacrynJIeHHe 3aKOH'lHJIOCb 6e3pe3YJIbTaTHO, HO rrpHHeCJIO orposmsre norepa. 10(23) cenr. B COCTaB CPPoHTa nepenana Oc06a51 apMH5I rea. B.M. TYPKO. nOCJIe MHOrO'lHCJIeHHbIX neyztax na KoBeJIbCKOM HarrpaBJIeHHH CTaBKa peKOMeHtI.OBaJIa 13. nepeaecrn rJIaBHbIW yztap na CPPOHT7-w H 9-w apMHw, rzte HaMeTHJIC5I HeKOTOPbIM ycrrex, OtI.HaKO 13.rrpHH5IJI penreaae BHOBb nacrynars aa KOBeJIb, He CqHTa5ICb HH C nOTep5lMH, HH COcxnansraasureiiCR CTpaTemqeCKOW 06CTaHOBKOW. fJIaBHbIW yaap 6bIJI nopysen OC060M apMHH, KOTOPa516bIJIa YCHJIeHa sa cxer 8-w apMHH H peaepaon CPPOHTa. Hacrynnenae 6bIJIO Ha3Ha'leHO na 17(30) cenr., HO repn. BOWCKaHaHeCJIH ynpezcaaioutaii yaap H Oc06a51 H 8-51 apMHH CMOrJIH nepeiirn B nacrynnenae JIHllIb 19 cenr. (2 H05l6.). I1x Y'laCTHe B 5-M KOBeJIbCKOM cpascenaa He 6bIJIO ycnenursnr H K 2Z cenr. (5 H05l6.) HaCTyrrJIeHHe 3aXJIe6HYJIOcb. XOT5I CTaBKa HaCTaHBaJIa na nepenoce OCHOBHoro yztapa C KoBeJIbCKOrO HarrpaBJIeHH5I B JlecHcTbIe Kapnarsr, 13.,nonaepscanHbIH rea, fYPKO OTCT05lJInanpanneane. B KOH. 1916 CPPOHTBeJI 60H MeCTHoro 3HaqeHH5I. Ilpn rrJIaHHpOBaHHH KaMnaHHH 1917 BbItI.BHHYJI nnaa HacTyrrJIeHH5I aa 5aJIKaHax, OTBOtI.51 apMH5IM csoero CPPOHTapOJIb rronnepxoca apMHW PYMbIHCKoro CPPOHTa. Ilonaepxan nnan KaMrraHHH, pa3pa6OTaHHbIW ren. fYPKO H A.C. JIYKOMCKUM (BnOCJIetI.CTBHH OTBeprnYTbIH CTaBKoH). no ·HOBOMY nJIaHY aa CPPOHT13. B03JIaraJIOCb aaaecenae rJIaBHOrO yztapa, na OCTaJIbHbIe CPPOHTbIB03JIaraJIOCb BbIIIOJIHeHHe scnoMOraTeJIbHbIX aanas. B COCTaB CPPOHTanepenananacs Oc06a51 apMH5I. 11-.51apMH5I tI.OJI)I(Ha 6bIJIa HaHOCHTb yztap na JlbBOB B ooxezt Ccesepa, 7-51apMH5I- na Bpacesaasr, 8-51apMH5I- OKa3aTb COtI.eHCTBHenacrynnemno na .l1:HecTp. Bo BpeM5I cpeBpaJIbCKHX C06bITHW 191713. npHH5IJI aKTHBHeWllIee Y'laCTHe B tI.aBJIeHHH ua HMrrepaTopa HHKOJIa5I II C IIeJIbIO rr06ytI.HTb ero K OTpeqeHHIO. IIocJIe YBOJIbHeHH5I rea. M.B. Anexceeea 21.5.1917 13. Ha3Ha'leH Bepxosnsnr rJIaBHOKOMaHtI.YIOI:QHM. 19 HIOJI.5I3aMeHeH ren. JI.r. KOPllWl06blM H OT03BaH B Ilerporpazi B xasecrae BOeanoro COBeTHHKa rrpaBHTeJIbCTBa. B 1919 BCTyrrHJI B KpacHYIO apMHIO. Bo BpeM5I BOHHbI B Ilonsme 6bIJI OtI.HHM H3 nonnacasllIMX B03::t.13aHHe HaCeJIeHHIO H 06mecTBY 0 60Pb6e C IIOJIbllleW K
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BO I1MJI Ha:Q110HanbHOH :QeJIOCTHOCTI1 TpaHbI. C 1920 CJIYlKl1JI B C :QeHTpanbHOM annapare Hapxoasoeaa, B 1923-24 I1HcrreKTOp xaaanepan PKKA, C 1924 COCTOJIJInJIJIoc060 BalKHbIX nopyse, HI1H npa PBC. ABTOP MeMyapoB.

BYA (Buat) a,nMoH-AJIb<p0Hc-JIeoH (17.9.1868, IIIanoHcrop-Mapa, Mapna - 1923, Ilapax), <ppaH:Q.,nI1BI13110HHbIH renepan, CJIYlKl1JI npotpeccoposr BoeHHoH I1CTOPI1I1 AKa,neMI1I1 feHIIITa6a, aBTOp 60JIbmOrO ql1CJIa BoeHHo-I1CTOpl1qeCKI1X pa60T. B asr. 1914 aasnasea B urraf O,nHOH 113apMI1H B Appace,
3aTeM COCTOJlJIme<pOM Ka611HeTa

soennoro MI1HI1CTpa A. MI1-

nsepaaa. B 1915 KOMaH,nl1p 145-H nex. 6pl1ra,nbI, B 1916 naxansHI1K urrafia apMI1I1. Iloazce KOMaH,nOBan 7 - H 6pl1ra,noH, 21- H nex. ,nI1BI13I1eH, C KOTOPOH ysacrnonan B CpalKeHl111 na COMMe. 23.1.1917 nepenenea B peaeps. C 12.6.1918 COCTOJlJI pa urratie n 5- H apMI1I1, a 3aTeM 6bIJI aasnasen HaqanbHHKOM urraoa apMI1H Cesepa 11 Cesepo-Bocroxa. O,nHH 1136JII1lKaHml1X COTpy,nHHKOB Mapmana <l>. ct>owa no paspafiorxe H nposenenmo 06I:Qero HacTynJIeHI1J1 COI03HbIX apMI1H BO 2-H rrOJIOBI1He 1918. Ilocne
BOHHbI 3aHHMan rrOCT nasansnaxa

Ienurratia.

BYACY,l(, Byacyn ae Bonrepon (Boissoudi de Baucheron), Aaryan-rlranarm- TOMa (12.10.1864, IIIep6yp - 1926, Ilapazc), <ppaH:Q.,nI1BI13HOHHbIH renepan. 06pa30BaJiHe rrOJIyqHJI B CeHCI1PCKOH BoeHHoH mKOJIe. Bo BpeMJI BOHHbI KOMaH,nOBan 43-H rrex. ,nI1BI13I1eH, C KOTOPOH ycnenmo zteiicrnosan npn 060poHe' KperrOCTH Bepzren, B ztex. 1917 naaaasen KOMaH.n;YIOI:QI1M 2-H apMl1eH. Bo BpeMJI repa, HacTynJIeHI1J1 na Mapne (11I0JIb-aBf. 1918) apMI1J1 5., naxonacs na npasov <pJIaHre, nonnepzorsana ,neHCTBI1J14-H <ppan:Q. apMI1I1, aTaKoBaHHoH CI1JIaMI1 3-H repu, apMI1I1. B KOH. 1918 npHHJlJI KOMaH.n;OBaHl1e6-it apMHeH, KOTOpas He npHHJlJIa yqaCTI1J1 B aKTHBHbIX BoeHHbIX ,neHCTBI1J1X,B r.x, 11B 06I:QeM nacrynnenan apMHH AHTaHTbI, saaepurasmescCJI rropaxcenaesr fepMaHI1I1. qJIeH Bsrcurero soennoro COBera. B 1919-21 KOMaH,nl1p X AK.

naxan B BM<l>. YQaCTHI1K TOnKI1HCKOH 3Kcrre,nI1:Q1111(188485), BO BpeMJI KOTOPOH COCT05UI npn f.llaBHoKoMaH.n;YIOI:QeM - sane-anaapaae A. Kop6e. B 1909-11 MOPCKOHMI1HHCTp. C 1914 KOMan.n;YIOI:Ql1ii:<pJIOTOMCpe,n113eMHOro MOPJl 11, onaoapesreaHO, rJIaBHOKoMaH,nYIOI:QHlf <ppaHU. <pJIOTOM.K naxany noenasrx .n;eHcTBuH BMC <l>paHUI1I1 COCTOJlJII1113<pJIOTa CpeaaaeunofO MOPJl 11 MOPCKI1X CI1JI JIa- Manma. B nenocpencraenaon rro.n;qHHeHI1I1 5. Haxo.n;UJIUCb ocofiaa rpyrrna Kopa6JIeH, 2 3Cxaapsr H peaepanas ,nI1BH3UJI JIlfHeHHblx Kopa6JIeH, 2 ,nHBU3HM 6poneHocHbIX xpeiicepoa, ,nI1BH311J1 ocotioro Ha3HaqeHHJI <pJIOTUJIHI1 MMHOHocueB H rrozraozmsrx JIO,nOK (acero 1 .n;pe.n;~ HOyT, 18 JIHHeHHblx Kopa6JIeH, 15 xpeiicepoa, 41 MI1HOHOCeu, 15 nonaozmsrx JIO,nOK; scxope rrOCJIe uaxana BOHnbI B CTPOH BCTyrrMJIO erne 2 ztpeznroyra), OCHOBHbIMM 6a3aMH <j>JIOTa 6bIJII1 TYJIOH (rJIaBHaJI fiaaa), 5H3epTa, Opan. 21.7.1914 <pJIOT 3aKOHqUJI MaHeBpbI H uaxaa M06uJI113aU11I0, KOTOPaJIK 28 HIOJIH 6b1JIa B OCHOBHOM saaepurena. Ilocne nasana BOHHbl B nonqUHeHMe 5. nepeztaa H naxomranmiica B Cpe,nH3eMHOM Mope anrn. <pJIoT(3 JIUHeHnblx xpeiicepa, 8 xpeiicepoa, 20 MUHOHOC:QeB, 3 nonaonnsre JIO.n;KU). OCHoBHble YCUJIUJI cocpezroroxan na 06eCrreqeHI111 rrepesoaox H3 A<PPI1KU, He npaaan Mep rro npe.n;OTBpaI:QeHlfIO rrepexozia B Hepaoe Mope repsr. acxanpsr a,nM. B. CYW01la. fJIaBHOH 3a,naqeH <pJIOTa CTaJIO ofiecnevenae 6JIOKa.n;hI aBCTpO-BeHrepCKOfO <pJIOTa, KOTOPblH, onnaxo, aKTHBHhIX ,neHCTBI1H He BeJI. B TO lKe speser 5. He ynanocs npeztoraparn-n, .n;eHCTBHJIaacrpo-aenrepcxoro <pJIOTano non,neplKKe Ha3eMHbIX BOHCK. Ilocne roro KaK 6blJI noapexztea JIUHeHHbIH xopafim, ~)KaK Bap» (20.12.1914), 5. OTKa3anCJI OT 6JIHlKHeH 6JIOKa,nbl Orpanrcxoro npOJIHBa. OCYI:QeCTBJIJlJI 06I:Qee PYKOBO,nCTBO<ppaH:Q. <pJIOTOMB ,llap.n;aneJIJIbCKOH onepanan, XOTJI fJIaBHaJi pOJIb OTBo,nHJIaCb aHfJI. <PJIOTY.OnepaUI1J1noreprrena nposan, a <ppaH:Q. <pJIOTrronec 3Haql1TeJIbnble rrorepa, nOCJIe neynasn B OKT. 1915 sauenerr a,nMHpaJIOM JI. ct>YPlle.

BYE ne JIAnEMPEP (Boue de Lapeyrere) OfIOCT-aMMaHyeJIb-106epfaCTOH (18.11.1852, Kacrepa-Jlexropaoc, )Kep - 1924, Ilo), $paH:Q. BI1:Qe-a,nMHpaJI (1908). CJIYlK6y 98

BYJIfAKOB Hasen I1JIbuq (3.8.1856 - ?), pyc. reaepan OT apTHJIJIepl111 (6.12.1914). 06pa30BaHI1e rrOJIyql1JI B MI1XaHJIOBCKOMapr, yql1JIUI:QeH MuxaiilloBCKOH apr, aKa,neMI1I1.C 11.11.1902 KOMaH,nl1p 2-H pe3epBHOH apr, 6pl1ra,nbI. 15.7.1907 uaanasen
4'

99

M.A. aasansmrxa (c 28.7.1910 MHCneKTQP) apTHJIJlepMM XIV AK (30.7.1907 YTBep)KAeH). 12.10.1911 nOJIyqMJI B KOMaHAOBaHHe 25-10 nex. AMBM3MIO, KOTOPM C Ha'larrOM BOH:HbI soruna B coCTaB III AK I-H: apMHH rea. IlK. Peuuesxaunqx: Y'laCTBOBarr B 6o~x B BOCTO'lHOH: IIpYCCHM. 6.12.1914ua3Ha'leH KOMaHAMpOM XX AK. B ~HB. 1915 aarpaxnea opAeHOM CB. Ieoprna 4-H: CTenena, B <peBp. 1915 xopnyc D. 6b1JI paarpounen, a caM OH 22 <peBp. nonan B nJIeH BMeCTe C lllTa60M xopnyca; 12.3.1915 OT'lMCJIeH OT AOJI)KHOCTM3a HaXO)K.lJ:eHMeM nneay B

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IiYJIJIAP,lJ; (Bullard) P06epT JIM (15.1.1861, IOHrc60po, AJIa6aMa - 11.9.1947), aMepMKaHCKMH: reaepaz-nearenanr (1918). Cnasana lIOCMJI MM~ YMJIb~M P06ep, 1I0 3aTeM OTeQztan eMY HOBoe MM~ - JIM, B xecrr. KOMaHAYIOlQerO BOH:CKaMM xompeAepaTOB BOspeas rpa)K.lJ:alICKOH: OH:lIbI. OKOlI'IlfJI BoelIlIYIO axaB AeMMIOB Beer- IIOH:lITe (1885). Y'IaCTBOBarr B MCnaHO-aMepMKalICKOH:BOH:lIe 1898 M BoeHlIbIX AeH:CTBM~Xaa <l>MJIMnnlfuax. 3acJIY)KMJIperrYTaQHIO peurarensnoro H csrenoro KOMaHAHpa. IlocJIe ncrynzenaa C IIIA B BOH:lIY B anp. 1917 D., KOTOPbIH:nOJIb30nanca npOTeKQHeH: ren, BYAa, paccaarpananca na nOCT nasanslIHKa nrraoa AMepMKalICKMX 3KCneAHQMOUUbIX CMJI.B AeK. 1917 uaanasen KOMaliAMpoM I-H: AMBM3MMBO <l>paUQMM. qacTM non KOMaliAOBaliHeM D. onepzcana n06e.lJ:Y 1IaJJ:epv. BOH:CKaMM r npa B3~TMM AepeBliM Kanrnm.a (28.5.1918) - 3TO 6bIJI rrepBbIH: 3Ha'IMTeJIblIbIH: ycnex aMepMKalICKMX BOH:CK Espone. Koaaanys III B AK, ycnennro 060pOlI~JI Illaro- Tseppa BOBpeM~ 2 -ro cpazceaaa na Mapne (MIOJIb 1918), 3aTeM npOBeJI KOliTpaTaKY, OT6poCMB repst. BOHcKa, - ona crana lllMPOKO M3BeCTlia M nOJIY'IMJIa naasamre ~KOliTpaTaKM DyJIJIapAa~. IIocJIe C03AalIM~ 11.10.1918 2-H: aMepMKaHCKOH:apMMM aasaasen ee KOMaHAYIOlQMM. PYKOBOAHJI 'IaCT~MM apMMM BO apesia 060POlibI B Apparoncxnx necax B OKT. 1918. 3aTeM AO arrp. 1919 apMM~ B. yxacracaaza B onepanaax no oxxynamra Iepxanaa. IIocJIe OKOlI'IaIm~ BOH:HbIocranca na cJIY)K6e, KOMaliAOBarr KoprrYCOM B 1I0BOH:, Y)Ke COKpalQeHlIOH:, apMMI1. ASTOP 60JIblllOrO 'IMCJIa CTaTeH:M BoeliliO-TeOpeTM'IeCKMX pa60T. B 1925 asnnen B OTCTaBKY H 6hIJI M36pall npeannearoa HaQMOlIaJIblIOH: JIMm 6e30nacliocTH. IiYPMOB XPMCTO JlMMHTPOB (23.9.1869 - ?), 60JIrapcKMH: renepan -JIeH:TeliaHT( 1919). IIJIe~lIlIMK npeMhep- MMlIMcTPa BOJI100

rapaa B 1877-78 Toaopa Bypxoaa. 06pa30BaHMe nOJIyqHJI B CoqmH:CKOH: oeHlIOH:nncone (1889) H BOeHHOH:aKa.lJ:eMMH Typane. B B B 1903-04 rJIaBHbIH: peAaKTOP -sBoeaaoro zcypaaaa». B 1904-10 BOeHHhIH:arrame B PHMe. Y'IaCTlIMK Bamcaacanx BOH:lI, nasaxsHMI< nrraoa 3-H: OarrKaHCKOH:AMBH3MH. IIPM M06it:JIM3aQMH 60JIrapcxoii apMMH B OKT. 1915 Ha3lIa'IeH KOMaMMpOM 3-H: (pesepa1I0H:) 6PMraAhI 7-H: PMJIhCI<OH: .lI:HBH3MH.OTJIH'IHJIC~ B Cpa)KelIMM npa KpMBOJIaI<e, npO~BMB ce6~ xpa6phIM M pacrropamrrensasor KOMaH.l(MPOM.B Mae 1916 nOJJyqMJIB I<OMaH,ll;OBaHMe 10-10 BeJIoMOPCI<YIO, B MIOHe 1917 - 2-10 TPaKMH:CI<YIO a AMBM3MIO.B <peBp. 1918 CMeHMJIrea. 11. JIY1<08a aa nOCTy nasansnaxa urraoa AeH:cTBYlOlQeH: apMMM. B03rJIaBJI~JI nrrari 60JIrapcI<0H: apMMM na aasepmarontea srane BOH:HhI,3aK0H'1HBllleMC~ B OI<T.1918 nopazceHMeM BOJIrapMM. PYI<OBOAHJIAeM06MJIH3aQHeH: apMMH. IIocJIe or<OH'1aH~ BOH:HbIssrcryrran C60JIhlllMM KOJIH'IeCTBOMCTaTeH:rro BOeHHOH: CTOPIlH (B T.'I. rro MCTopMMI-H: MMPOBOH: OH:HhI). H B

1i3KOH (Bacon) PeA)KHHarrhA (1863 - 1952), aHfJI. aJJ:MHparr (cenr, 1918). B 1878 BCTyrrMJI B aHrJI. BM<l>, CJIY)KMJIB ocHOBliOM na rpansumxax, paapariarsraax MeTO.l(MI<Y 60Ph6bI C nOABOAHhIMM JIOAKaMM. C 1909 HCrrOJIHHTeJIhlIhIH: AHpeI<TOp peMoHTHO-apTMJIJIepHH:CKMX pa60T B KOBeliTpH. C 1911AMpeKTOp MOPCI<OH: pTHJIJIepMH. B anr, 1914 PYI<OBOAMJI<POPMMPOa BaHMeM apTHJIJIepHH:CKHX 'IaCTeH: AJI~ BpHTaHCI<OrO sxcnenaQMOHHOro xopnyca. C anp. 1915 KOMaHAYlOlQMH: ~JlYBPCKMM narpynea». rJIaBlIOH: 3"a,n;a'IeH:B. 6bIJIa 6oph6a C AeH:CTBOBaBlllMMM B JIa- Manure repn. nOABOAHhIMII JIOAKaMII, B 'IeM OH AOCTIIr onpenenenuux ycnexos. B AeK. 1917 naanasen KOHTpOJIePOM ztenaprauerrra no HOBhIM paapariorxau, B arrp. 1919 BhImen B OTcTaDKy. I1cTOpHK <pJIOTa, aa TOp 6IIOrpa<PMH: aJJ:MIIpaJIOB <l>IIlllepa II ,n:)KeJIIIKO, a TaK)Ke 60JIhIIIOro 'IIICJJa pa60T no HCTOPIIM .lI:eH:CTDIIH: <pJIOTaBO DpeM~ BOH:lIbI.

IiIOJIOB (BUlow) KapJI <pOH(24.3.1846, BepJIIIlI - 31.8.1921, TaM)Ke), repu, renepax-rpensztaapnran (27.1.1915). 113 ceMhH noTOMCTDeHHhIXaoeansrx, B 1864 scryrran BO2- H:rBapAeH:CKI1H: ex. n nOJIK;JIeH:TeliaHT (1866). Y'IaCTHMK ancrpo-npyccrcoii BOH:HhI1866 H <ppaHKo-rrpyccKOH: BOH:lIhI 1870-71. C 1872 aJJ:bIOTaHT nncnexropa nex, lllKOJI. B 1877-84 M 1885-90 CJIY)KMJIB Ieaurraoe. B
101

1884 KOMaH,Z(lIpPOTbI 96- ro nex, IIOJIKa. C 1890 l{aqaJIbHlIK IIITa6a rsapzreiicxoro xopnyca, C 1894 KOMaH,l(lIp 4-ro rsapnelicxoro nex, IIOJIKa. C 1897'z(lIpeKTOp UeHTPaJIbHoro ,Z(eIIapTaMeHTa Boennoro MlIHlICTepCTBa C 1901 HaqaJIbHlIK 2-H rBap'z(eHcKoH rrex. ,Z(lIBlI3l1l1.C 1902 reaepan-xaaprapneiicrep, B 1903-12 KOMaIW1P IIIAK C 1913 reHepaJI-lIHCIIeKTOp 3-H apMeHcKoH lIHCIIeKU:lIl1 (IIITa6xsaprapa - Iaaaonep). Ilpn M06l1JIlI3aL{l1l1,2.8.1914 nasaa-rea KOMaH,l(JIOll(1I1\1 2-H apMlIeH (scero OK. 260 TbIC. qeJI. 1I 848 0PYMH), pa3BepTblBaBIIIeHOI B paiione AxeH-3iiueH-MaJIbMe'z(1I-3HcKlW' xeH-BJIaHKeHreHM. B COCTaB apMlIlI BXO,l(llJIlI VII (rea. K 3iiHcit), IX (rea, cD. Kyacm), X AK (ren, O. 3.MMUX), rBap'z(eHcKlIH (rea. IIeXOThI 6apoH K. <pOH IIJIeTTeH6epr ), rnap'z(eHcKlIH peaepsnsra, VII (rea, [<PoH UBeJIb) 1I X (rea [ <PoHKupx6ax) peaepamae KOPuyca, 25-.SIH 29-.SIJIaH,ZlBepHbIe 6Plilll,llbI. B sone 'z(eHCTBlI.SI apMlIlI pacIIOJIaraJI0l2-H KaB. KOpUYCrea, f <PoHMapBUU,a (2-.SI,4-.SI1I9-.SIKaB. .l{lIBlI3HlI; 12,5 ThIC.qeJI. 1I 36 OPYMH). 4 asr: apMlI.SIB., 6e3 06nmmeHlI.SI BOHHbI, IIepeIIIJIa 6eJIbI1IHCKJIO rpannny 1I ,Z(BlInyJIaCbna xpeIIOCThJIbe)K, IIpHKpbIBaBIIIJIO nepenpaasr xepea Maac (.lI.IDI IIITYPMa JIbe)Ka M3cocrasa apsora BbI,l(eJIeHCBO,l(HbIH OTpM ren, 0. <Pou 3M.MUXa). 113-3a 3a,l(ep)KKlf, B. 6bIJI BblHJ)K,l(eH B 10-x qllCJIaX asr. 6poCMThna JIbe)K 3 xopnyca IIO,Z(KOMaH,ZJ;OBaulleM ren, <pOU3HHeMa. IIOCJIe 3TOro apMM.SIIIOJIyqllJIa sanasy nacrynars IIpaBbIM KPbIJIOMna Basp, JIeBbIM - cesepnee HaMIOpa. B nparpanaxaox cpa)KeUMlI 1914 oztepzcan KpynUYIO II06e,ll;J Ha,lJ; -H rppaau, apMMeH 5 rea, ill. Jlaupesaxa B 60.SIX Y Illapnepya (20-23 aar.), B xone Mapncxoro cpascenaa apMM.SIB. OKa3aJIaCb B T.SI)KeJIOM IIOJIO)KeHlIM, T.K. B pe3YJIbTaTe nepetipocxa III M IX KOPIIYCOB 1-H apsraa ren, A. <PoH J(;zyt<.a na YpKe IIPaBbIH <pJIaHr B. OKa3aJICHOTKPbIThlM M 06pa3oBaJICH IIpOpbIB, KOTOPOMYyrposcana anrmrsane 1I xacra 5-H <ppauu:. apMMM. B 3TMX YCJIOBlI.SIX,IpH OTCYTCTBMH I sa IIpaBblM KPbIJIOM peaepsos, B. 7 cenr, OTBeJICBOHnpaaodoraarosue qaCTM K MOHMHPaIO H ceaepo-sanaznree, qeM erne 60JIee yseJIMqMJI paapsra 8 ~eUT. M3-3a yrpoasr co CTOPOHbI5-H <ppaHU:.apMMM B. BUOBb OTBeJIIIPaBbIH <pJIaur, YBeJIHqMB Pa3PbIB,Z(O 15 KM. B UOqb na 9 cenr, aHrJI. apMMH M OCHOBHble CMJIbI 5-H <ppaHU:. apMMH BKJIMUMJIlICbMe)K,l(Y1-H apMMeH 1I apMMeH B. IIPM6bIBIIIMH 3MMccap CTaBKM IIOJIKOBHlIK P. Xe1t1J II06Y'z(MJI reu. KJIYKa 1I B. IIpllHHTb peurenae 06 OTCTY"JIeHlIM. 10 cenr. B. naxan OTXO,Z(. 3T0 IIOCJIY)KlIJIO IIPllqMHOH 061I.{efO oTcryIIJIeUMH repxr, BOHCK, 102

XOTHTaKTlIqeCKHH YCIIex na ncex <ppouTe 6bIJI na MX cropone. K 13 cerrr, B. Y,Z(aJIOCbaKpeIIHTbcH na ceaepaoa 6epery BeJIH, BOC3 _ rosnree H IOrO-BOCTOqUee Peinrca. B xozte Cpa)KeHMHaa 3ue (1315 cear.) B. Y,Z(aJIOCb IIOMOlI.{bIO IIO,Z(OIIIe,Z(IIIHX C IIo,Z(KpeIIJIeUlIH copsars IIOIIbITKY Honora HacryIIJIeHll.SI COI03HIIKOB.3aTeM apMlI.SI B. IIpllHHJIa ysacrne B 60HX Y Appaca (29 ceHT.-9 OKT.). 4.4.1915 narpascrea opztenoa Pour Ie Merite M ynOJIeH IIO 6oJIe3HlI OT KOMaH,ZJ;OBauMH apMlIcH, B 1916 rrepeseztea B paCIIOp.SI)KeUMeJIaBHOro f KOMau,n:OBaHMH. 1.11.1918 BblIIIeJI B orcrasxy Asrop MeMYapoB 1 «MOIl3aIIllCKlI 0 HacryIIJIeHHM na Mapae» (1920).

racrpotpu.

BAHT, YaHT (White) CMPllJI Bpa'z(eHeJIJI Baarxexr (23.9.1876, CeuT-ApHO, BHKTOPMH - 13.8.1940, 6JIH3 Kan6eppbI), aBCTpaJIllHCKllH renepan (1940). IIocJIe OKOHqaHlIH IIIKOJIbI "OCTY"llJI KJIepKOM B ABCTpaJIllHCKlIH 6aHK B BPMC6eHue. B 1897 aasucnen BO 2-H KBHHJIaH'z(cKlIH IIOJIK. B 1902 B COCTaBe IIITa6a ren. XaTTOHa yqaCTBOBaJI B aHfJIO-6YPCKOH BOHHe 1899-1902. IIepBbIM M3 aBcTpaJIMHu:eB OKOHqMJI BoeHHYIO axanemno B KHM6epJIH (1907), IIOCJIe xero HaIIpaBJIeH na CJIY)K6y B pa3Be,Z(KY. IIocJIe craacaposxa B BoeHHoM MMHMCTepCTBe B 1911 BePHYJICH B ABCTPaJIllIO, rzre Ha3HaQeU napexropov soennsrx onepanaii (HaqaJIbHMKOM orreparasnoro oT,Z(eJIa). C HaqaJIOM BOHHbI B COCTaBe aBCTpaJIllHCKOro KOHTMHreHTa UaIIpaBJIeH rra faJIJIMIIOJIM; aaxansna« IIITa6a aBCTpaJIlIHCKO-HOB03eJIaH'z(cKoro xopnyca (ANZAC). Bxrecre C rea. Y. EU08YOOM PYKOBO,Z(lIJI3BaKyaU:MeH ANZAC. Bo apeMH BoeUHbIX ,Z(eHcTBMH BO <I>paHU:lIl1 neonaoxparao 3aMelI.{aJI BM,Z(BY'z(a IIOCTY KOMaH,Z(Mpa xopnyca, B 1923 BblIIIeJI B OTna CTaBKY 113aHHJICH 6H3HeCOM. BepUYJICH na CJIY)K6y 15.3.1940 1I 6bIJI aaaaaxea HaqaJIbHMKOM feHIIITa6a aBCTpaJIlIHCKOH apMMM. IIofM6 BMeCTe C 8 np, o<plIu:epaMlI BO BpeMH aanaxa-

BAHTOMAHY (Vaitoianu) ApTYP (1864 - 1957), PYMbIHCKMH,Z(IlBIl3MOHHbIH renepan (1915). Ilporpeccop Boeanoit axa,Z(eMllH. B MllPOBYIO BOHUY KOMaH,Z(OBaJI OPIIYCOM B apsraa ren. K A. A8epeC1CY. B 1918 naanaxea MMHHCTPOM BUYTpeHHllX ,Z(eJI. B 1918-19 3aHHMaJI IIOCT aoenaoro MlIHllCTpa. C 27 cenr, IIO 1 ,Z(eK.1919 npeasep-amracrp.
103

BAH ,l(EBEHTEP (Van Deventer) 5JK06 JIYHC (1874 1922), IO)KHoa<pPHKaHcKHH rerrepan, Bo BpeM5I aHrJIo-6YPCKOH BOHHbl B. KOMaH,n:OBaJICHJIaMH caaoooopoasr Kancxoii KOJIOHHH, opranasarop aHTH6pHTaHcKoro corrpOTHBJIeHH5I. Bo apeM5I 1-H MHPOBOH BOHHbl B. 6blJI rrOCTaBJIeH BO rnase 2-H 6PHTaHcKoH BOCTO'IHO-A<pPHKaHcKoH ,n:HBH3HH (n03)Ke neperpopMHpoBaHHoH B BOCTO'IHO- A<pPHKaHcKHe 3Kcrre,n:HI.J;HOHHble CHJIbl). Bo rnase 3THX BOHCK nponozmn noennsre onepanan rrpOTHB MaJIO'IHCJIeHHbIX repsr, BOHCK ren. II. <pOH JlemmoeC/Jop6e1Ca B IOro-3arra,n:HoH A<pPHKe (1914-15) H Iepxrancxoa BOCTO'IHOH A<pPHKe (1917-18).11.11.1918, rrOJIyqHB H3BeCTHe o 3aKJIIO'IeHHH rrepesrapna, JIeTToB-<Dop6eK C OCTaTKaMH CBOero orpazia c,n:aJIC5IB. BAHHOBCKMii fJIe6 MaKCHMHJIHaHOBH'I (5.3.1862 17.10.1943, Kaunsr, <DpaHQHH), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (30.1.1915). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIy'IHJI B IIa)KeCKOM xopnyce (1882) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH aKa,n:eMHH Ieanrrafia (1891). BbIIIYIIJ;eH B 1-10 KOHHo-apT. 6aTapeIO, 3aTeM nepesenea B rsapzteilc, KyIO KOHHYIO apTHJIJIepHIO. C 28.10.1893 nOMOIIJ;HHK crapmero azrstoranra IIITa6a MOCKoBCKoro BO, B 1893-94 KOMaH,n:OBaJI 3CKa,n:POHOM3-ro nparyncxoro CYMCKOro rrOJIKa, 3aTeM COCTO51JIB npHKOMaH,n:HpOBaHHH K AJIeKcaH,n:poBcKOMY BoeHHoMY yqHJIHIIJ;Y ,n:JI5I penonasanaa n aoennsrx aayx. 6.3.1896 rrepesezten B fJIaBHblH IIITa6, C 6.3.1896 MJIa,n:IIIHH ,n:eJIOrrpOH3Bo,n:HTeJIb BoeHHo-Y'IeHOrO KOMHTeTa fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a. C 17.4.1900 BOeHHblH arenr B 5JrroHHH, OCTaBaJIC5Ina 3TOM nocry no Ha'IaJIa pyc-anoacxoii BOHHbl 1904-05. Y'IaCTHHK KHTaHcKoH KaMrraHHH 1900-01 H pyc-anoacxoii BOHHbl 1904-05, aa 60eBbIe OTJIH'IHH narpaacnen 30JIOTbIM opY)KHeM (1907). C 28.8.1904 coCT05lJI B pacrropazceana Ha'IaJIbHHKa fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a, C 15.1.1905 B pacnopaacemra KOMaH,n:YIOIIJ;ero 3- H MaHb'I)KYpCKOM apMHeM, rrpeHMYIIJ;eCTBeHHo KYPHpOBaJI nonpocsr paaseztKH. C 18.4.1906 KOMaH,n:Hp 37 - ro ztparyncxoro rrOJIKa. 12.4.1908 Ha3Ha'IeH KOMaH,n:HpoM 1-M 6pHra,n:bl 2-M KaB. ,n:HBH3HH, C 4.8.1908 KOMaH,n:Hp 2-M 6pHra,n:bl 13-M KaB. ,n:HBH3HH. IIPH MO6HJIH3aQHH 19.7.1914 Ha3Ha'IeH KOMaH,n:YIOIIJ;HM5-M ,llOHCKOH xaaa-rseii ,n:HBH3HeH, BO rnase KOTOPOMrrposen rrO'ITH BCIOBOHHY. B cenr. 1914 O,n:HHMH3 nepnsrx odnmepos B MHPOBYIO BOM104

HY narpaacien opztenoxr CB. Ieoprns 4-H crenenn. B. rrOJIb30BaJIC5IB apMHH CJIaBOH xpa6poro xasanepacra, C 18.4.1917 KOMaH,n:Hp XXXV AK B COCTaBe 3-H apMHH. 7 HIOJI5I nepesenea B peseps 'IHHOB npa IIITa6e MHHCKoro BO. C 26 HIOJI5IKOMaH,n:Hp XLII AK 5- M apMHH. C 31 HIOJI5I - KOMaH,n:YIOIIJ;HH1- M apMHeM, ynpasaeane KOTOPOM 6bIJIO nepefipomeao C Cenepnoro <pPOHTa B OYKOBHHY, a ee BOMcKa nepeztansr B COCTaB 5-M apMHH. HOBan: apMHH 06ne,n:HHHJIaJIeBo<PJIaHroBble xopnyca 8-H apMHH XI, XVIII H XXIII AK, OCTaBaBIIIHeCH B 0YKOBHHCKHX KapnaTaX. 12(25) HIOJIH aTaKOBaH 7-H aacrpo-senrepcsoa apMHeH, OKa3aJI croiixoe corrpOTHBJIeHHe, Ha'IaB OTXO,n:(cBH3aHHbIH C 06IIJ;HM orcrynnenaea <ppoHTa) C ,n:OJIHHbI Benoro Hepeaonra B ,n:OJIHHY Cepera H ztanee aa IIPYT. K KOHQY HIOJI5I 3aHHMaJI <pPOHTOT Ilpyra zto CY'IaBbI. 27 HIOJIH (9 anr.) 7-51 ascrpo-searepcxaa apMH5I Ha'IaJIa aTaKY rr03HQHM apMHH B. Ha npaaox <pJIaHre XI AK OT6HJI Y MaMOpHHQbl aTaKY rpynnsr <peJIb.ll:MapIIIaJI-JIeMTeHaHTa JI. <pOH <Da6HHH H XVII ancrpo-neurepcxoro xopnyca; XVIII AK OT6HJI Y Paztayu XXVI ascrpo-senrepcKHM xopnyc, a XXIII AK yzrepzcan Kapnarcxaii xopnyc y OrrpHIIIeH. 28 HIOJI5I (10 asr.) ascrpo-aenrepcxne BOMcKa BHOBb rrepeIIIJIH B aTaKY H CHOBa 6blJIH OT6HTbI, npa 3TOM 06IIJ;I1e rroTepH rrpOTHBHHKa COCTaBHJIHOK. 15 TbIC. 'IeJI. IIoMep)KaJI BbICrynneaae rea. JI.r. Kopuunoea, aa 'ITO 6blJl apeCTOBaH H HeKOropoe BpeMH conepzcanca B OblXOBCKOM TIOpbMe. IIpHKa30M 9 cenr. orcrpanen OT KOMaH,n:OBaHH5IH 3a'IHCJIeH B peaeps 'IHHOB npn IIITa6e Ilerporpancxoro BO. IIocJIe peBOJIIOQHH yexan B 3MHrpaQHIO.

BACMJlbEB

<De,n:opHHKOJIaeBH'I (5.2.1858

- rrOCJIe 1923),

pyc. reaepan OT HH<paHTepHH (22.3.1915). 06pa30BaHHe nony'IHJI B 1-M IIaBJIOBCKOM y'IHJIHIIJ;e H HHKOJIaeBCKOM aKa,n:eMHH feHIIITa6a (1885). C 14.2.1896 rrOMOIIJ;HHK noennoro ryfiepaaropa <DepraHcKoM 06JIacTH; C 5.3.1901 KOMaH,n:Hp 110-ro rrex. Kasicxoro rrOJIKa. B 1902 nepeaenen B fJIaBHblM IIITa6 H 4 anp. Ha3Ha'IeH 3aBe,n:YIOIIJ;HMA3HaTcKoM 'IaCTblO. C 31.10.1906 aa'IaJIbHHK 1-M CTpeJIKOBOM6pHra,n:bI. 24.3.1908 Ha3Ha'IeH Ha'IaJIbHHKOM IIITa6a Oneccxoro BO. IIPH M06HJIH3aQHH 19.7.1914 rrOJIy'IHJI Ha3Ha'IeHHe Ha'IaJIbHHKOM IIITa6a 7 -M apMHH ren. B.H. HU1CUmU1ta. 3Ta apMH5I Herrocpe,n:cTBeHHo B 60eBblx ,n:eHcTBH5IX 105

He ysacrnoaana, a HeCJIa oxpany Hepnossopcxoro notiepezcsa H PYMblHCKOH rpanausr. C 26.9.1914 KOMaH,ll;Hp VI CH6HpcKoro AK. IIepBOHaqaJIbHO xopnyc COCT05lJIH3 13-H (reaepan-neiireHaHT II.A. Aanpees) H 14-H (reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT K.p. .lloB60pMYCHHllKHH) CH6HPCKHX CTpeJIKOBblX )];HBH3HH. IIocJIe JIOA3HHCKOH orrepauna B ztex, 1914 13-51)];HBH3H5I 6bIJIa 3aMeHeHa 3-H. IIP05lBHJI ce651 XOpOIlIHM xopnycnsnr KOMaH)];HpOM. IIo)]; ero KOMaH)];OBaHHeMqaCTH xopnyca npoCJIaBHJIHCb aTaKOH 6e3 e)];HHOrOBbICTpeJIa repn. n03HllHH y Bafiara. 2.5.1915 BOBpeM5I Iopnmncoro npopsrsa repxr. BOHCKa na yqaCTKe ero xopnyca npHMeHHJIH ra306aJIJIOHHYIO aTaKY, npasenuryio K orpOMHblM norepaa B 14-H CH6HPCKOH CTpeJIKOBOH)];HBH3HH. Bo BpeM5I xpyrmouacnrrafinoa qHCTKH nsrcnrero KOMCOCTaBa, OCJIe)];OBaBn ureii sa BbIcTynJIeHHeM rea, JI.r. KOpllWL06a, B. B qHCJIe ztp, reHepaJIOB 6bIJI 9.9.1917 YBOJIeH OT CJIY)l(6b1 ~3a 60JIe3HbIO~ C MyH)];HPOM H neacaeii. IIocJIe OKT5I6pbCKOH peBOJIIOlllIH coTPY)];HHqaJICcOBeTcKoH BJIaCTbIO.C 1.3.1920 COTPY)];HHK-COCTaBHTeJIb B MCTOpHqeCKOH KOMHCCHH BcepOrJIaBIlITa6a, C 18.10.1920 IlITaTHbIH PYKoBO)];HTeJIb npaKTHqeCKHMH 3aH5ITH5IMH B BoeHHoH aKa)];eMHH PKKA, C 1.1.1921 crapnnra PYKOBO)];HTeJIb rpynnosux JIeKllHH BoeHHoH aKa)];eMHH PKKA.

npe)];CTaBMTeJIb B qepHoroPHM. 6.7.1906 YBOJIeH B OTCTaBKY· Bo BpeM5I OaJIKaHCKMx BoJ:m 1912-13 - npe)];CTaBMTeJIb npa rpesecxoa Bepxonnoa KOMaH)];OBaHMM. 12.7.1914 BHOBb npnWIT na CJIY)l(6y M.BCKope aaanaxen KOMaH)];MpOM 2-H.llYHaBcKOH)];MBlI3MH, 3aTeM He)];OJIrO HCnOJIH5IJI06513aHHOCTHKOMaH.ztYlOlllero 1-H apMMeH. Ha CaJIOHHKCKOM ¢poHTe KOMaH)];OBaJI 1-H, a 3aTeM 2-H apMM5IMII. B 1917 HaxOAHJIC5I B COCTaBeMHCCHM npn HTaJI. KOpOJIe M npaBMTeJIbCTBe. B 1919 ztenerar Cep6HM no pa3AeJIY C 11TaJIHeH B .llaJIMallHM, 3aTeM )];0 51HB. 1922 KOMaH)];OBaJI pMHeH. C 51HB.1922 BoeHHbIH MMOPCKOHMMHHCTp. a C 9.11.1923 B OTCTaBKe.ABTOP Tpy)];OB no BoeHHOH MCTOpHH.

BACHlJ MHJIOIll (27.2.1859, HeMeHHKyq, 6JIH3 MJIa)];eHHBKH - 20.10.1935, Benrpazr), cep6cKHH reaepan (29.6.1916). 06pa30BaHMe nOJIyqHJI na ¢MJIOCO¢CKOM ¢aKYJIbTeTe BezrrpazrCKOro YHMBepcMTeTa, B BoeHHoH aKa)];eMHH (1883) M B noenHOHIlIKOJIe (1887). YqaCTBOBaJI B BOHHe 1876-78)];06pOBOJIblleM. B 1883 BCTynMJI nozmopyxaxoa B nexory B 1885-86 KOMaH,ll;Mp POTbl. B 1886-87 npenoztasarens H KOMaH)];Mp POTbI BocnHTaHHMKOB BoeHHoH aKa)];eMMM. B resenae rona C)'a:lKMPOBaJIC5IBO <DpaHLlMM, 3aTeM CJIY)l(MJIB IlITa6e 3-H aBCTp.)];HBM3HM (JIHHll). IIo B03BpallleHHM B Cep6HIo (1891) CJIY)l(HJIB IenIlITa6e: HaqaJIbHMK IlITa6a )];I;iBM3HOHHOH06JIaCTM, KOMaH)];Hp 3CKa)];pOHa, otpauep )];JI5Inopy-reaan npa KOpOJIe. B 1891-99 nporpeccop BoeHHoH aKa)];eMMH. .llo 51HB.1895 COCT05lJIqJIeHOM KOMHCCMH no aTTeCTallHM odianepon. C 1896 HaqaJIbHHK OT)];eJIa fJIaBHOrO Ienurratia, BoeHHbIH arrame B OOJIrapHM, KOMaH)];MP 7- ro nex. nOJIKa, nporpeccop TaKTHKM BbICllleH IlIKOJIbl. B 1900-01 BoeHHblH MllHMCTp. B 1902-03 )];HnJIOMaTHqeCKMH:
106

BEJIHlJKO KOHCTaHTHH Haaaoaas (1856 - 15.5.1927, JIeHMHrpM), pyc. mraceaep-reaepax (5.11.1916). 113 )];BOP5lH. 06pa30BaHMe nOJIyqMJI B HHKOJIaeBCKOM MH)I(. yxaname (1875) M HMKOJIaeBCKOH MH)I(. aKa)];eMMM (1881). C 1895 ynpaBJI5IIOlllHH )];eJIaMH KOMMCCHMno BoopY)l(eHMIO KpenocTeH. YqaCTHMK pyc.-anoncxoii BOHHbI 1904-05: C 1904 renepan )];~51nopyq~HHH npa rJIaBHOKoMaHAYIOllleM Mansaacypcxoa apsmea. 21.5.1905 nepeaeaen B fJIaBHOe MH)I(. ynpaaneaae H aaaaasea nOMOlllHMKOM ero HaqaJIhHMKa. OAHOBpeMeHHO C 17.11.1910 nOqeTHbIH qJIeH M 3aCJIY)l(eHHbIH nporpeccop HMKOJIaeBCKOH HH)I(. aKa)];eMHH M nOCT05lHHhIH qJIeH fJIaBHOrO xpenocrnoro KOMHTeTa. O)];MH M3 BeAYlllHX CnellMaJIHCTOB - soennux MH)I(eHepOB, O)];IIH H3 oCHOBaTeJIeH pyc. ¢OPTM¢HKallMOHHOH IlIKOJIbl. C 20.2.1915 renepan AJI5Inopyxenaa. 4.3.1916 nepeaenen B AeHcTBYlOlllYIO apMMIO M naanaxen HaqaJIbHMKOM HH)I(eHepOB apMMH Krro-Banaznroro ¢poHTa. IIocJIe <DeBpaJIbCKOHpeBOJIIOllMH B., 3aCJIY)l(eHHo nOJIb30BaBllIHHC5I xpaiine BblCOKOHperryranaen B apMMM, 6bIJIO nopyxeno 10.5.1917 HCnpaBJIeHHe )];OJI)l(HOCTMnOJIeBOrO ancnexropa MH)I(. qaCTM npa IlITa6e Bepxosnoro rJIaBHOKOMaH)];YIOlllero. B 1918 BCTynMJI B PKKA, C ¢eBp. rJIaBHbIH PYKoBoAHTeJIb HH)I(. 060pOHbI Ilerporpazta M nporpeccop BoeHHO-MH)I(eHepHOH aKa)];eMHH PKKA. C MapTa 1918 npeztceztarens KOJIJIerMM no MH)I(. 060poHe npa UeHTpaJIbHOM BoeHHO-TeXHHqeCKOM ynpaBJIeHHM. B Mae 1918 non ero pyxoBOACTBOM6hIJIa paapaoorana CHCTeMa YKpenJIeHHhIX paHOHOB OT IIeTpOrpMa)];O Boponezca. C 51HB.1919 qJIeH llH)I(. KOMMTera fJIaBHOrO BoeHHO-MH)I(. ynpaBJIeHM5I PKKA. 3aTeM nepenren
107

na npenoztaaarenscxyto pa60TY B BOeHHYIO aKa,l(eMHIO PKKA, 3aBe.nyIOlllHH Ka<pe.ZJ;pOH <pOpTH<pHKaIlllH BOeHHO-HHJK. axaneMHH PKKA. YMep OT 6oJle3HH.

BEP,lJ:EPEBCKlfM )lMHTPHH HHKOJlaeBHq (4.11.1873, Ilerepfiypr - 22.8.1947, IIapHJK, <PpaHIJ;HH), pyc, KOHTP-a.ZJ;MHpan (6.12.1916). 06pa30BaHHe nonyxan B MOPCKOM Ka.ZJ;eTCKOM xopnyce (1893) H B apr. 0<pI1IJ;epCKHXxnaccax (1901). CJlYJKHJI na DaJlTHHcKOM Mope H aa THXOM oiceane. YqaCTHHK PYC.5IrrOHCKOHBOHHbI 1904-05, B 1905 KOMaH.ZJ;Hp MHHOHOCIJ;a 255. N!! B 1906-08 npenonasan B apr, xnacce, B 1908 CTapIIIHH oqmnep Y'le6HO-apT. Kopa6J1H «Ilerp BeJlHKHH~. B 1909-10 <pJlarMaHCKHH apr, o<pHIJ;ep urratia Ha'laJIbHHKa .ZJ;eHCTBYIOlllHXCHJI DaJITHHcKoro MOP5I. B 1910-11 KOMaH.ZJ;Hp scxazrpeaaoro MHHOHOCIJ;a «Ienepan KOH.ZJ;paTeHKo~, B 1911-14 - <tHoBHKa~. 20.1.1914 naanasen KOMaH.ZJ;HpoM xpeiicepa 1- ro paara <tA.n;MHpan MaKapOB~, C KOTOPbIM BCTyrrHJI B BOHHY B COCTaBe DaJITflHCKOro <pJlOTa.C 12.1.1915 KOMaH.ZJ;Hppeiicepa <tDoraTbIPb~. x B 1916 HarpaJK.ZJ;eHIeopraeacxaa opYJKHeM. C 10.11.1916 KOMaH.ZJ;YIOlllHH.ZJ;HBH3HeH rrO.ZJ;BO.ZJ;HbIX JlO.ZJ;OKaJITHHcKoro MOpH. D I10cJle <PeBpaJIbCKOH peBOJlIOIJ;HH C arrp. 1917 Ha'laJIbHHK lIITa6a DaJITHHcKoro <pJlOTa, B Mae - Ha'laJIbHHK 1-H 6pHra.ZJ;bIJlHHeHHbIX Kopa6J1eH DaJITHHcKoro <pJlOTa. C 1.6.1917 KOMaH.ZJ;YIOlllHH DaJITHHCKHM <pJlOTOM.4 HlOJlH rrOJlY'lHJI npaxas nanpaBHTb B Ilerporpazt 4 acxaztpeansrx MHHOHOCIJ;a.ZJ;JlH .ZJ;eMoHcTpaIJ;HH CHJlbI Bpesreaaoro npaarrrenscraa H, npn He06xo.ZJ;HMOCTH, .ZJ;JlH rrpHHHTHH Mep nporas KPOHlIITa,l(Ta. OTKa3aJICH BbIrrOJlHHTb npaxas H 5 HIOJUI 6b1J1OTCTpaHeH OT KOMaH.ZJ;OBaHHH <pJlOTOM,apeCTOBaH H OT.ZJ;aHozt CY.ZJ; epaarnatuemre cJlYJKe6n aa HOH TaHHbI H HerrO.ZJ;'lHHeHHeIJ;eHTpaJIbHbIM opraaasr BJlaCTH~. Bo BpeMH BbIcTyrrJleHH5I ren. JI.f. KOp1lWlO8a onpaaaaa, OCBO60JK.ZJ;eH 30.8.1917 naaaaxea MOPCKHM MHHHCTpOM. C 1 rro H 24 cetrr. BXO.ZJ;HJI COCTaB)lHpeKTopHH. B 3HaK COJlH.ZJ;apHOCTH B C ren, A. 11. Bepxo8c1CUM, C'lHTaBlIIHM He06xo.ZJ;HMbIM HeMe.ZJ;JleHHbIH BhJXO.ZJ; POCCHH H3 BOHHbI, 24 OKT. HarrHCaJI rrpourenne 06 OTCTaBKe, HO B CBH3H C HaqaBlIIHMC5I BOCCTaHHeM He nozran ero. Bo BpeMH OKTH6pbCKOH peBOJlIOIJ;HH26 OKT. apecrosan B 3HMHeM .ZJ;BOpIJ;e BMeCTe C'VieHaMH npasarenscrsa. 27 OKT. OCB060JK.ZJ;eH nozt 'leCTHOe CJlOBOH YBOJleH B DTcTaBKy. COTPY.ZJ;HH'laJIC
108

PYKOBO.ZJ;CTBOM KpaCHOH apMHH, OCYllleCTBJlHJI TeXHH'leCKOe PYKOBO.ZJ;CTBO orrepaTHBHbIMH .ZJ;eHCTBHHMH<pJlOTa no 060pOHe CTpaHbI. C 1918 B 3MHrpaIJ;HH. )l(HJI B IIapHJKe, BXO.ZJ;HJI coB CTaB MaCOHCKOH JlOJKH. Bo BpeMH 2-H MHPOBOH BOHHbI BbICTYnan rrpOTHB .ZJ;eHcTBHH Iepuaaaa. I10cJle BOHHhI nozran 3aHBJleHHe 0 npaeae B COBeTCKoe rpaJK.ZJ;aHcTBo H B03BpallleHHH B CCCP. IIoJlyqHJI COBeTCKoe rpaJK.ZJ;aHcTBo.

BEPHAH,lJ:EP AJIeKcaH.ZJ;pIIeTpoBH'l (13.1.1844 - ?), pyc. HHJKeHep-reHepaJI (6.12.1906). 113 .ZJ;BOpHH. 6pa30BaHHe no0 JlyqHJI BO 2-M KOHCTaHTHHOBCKOM Y'lHJlHllle (1863) H HHKOJlaeBCKOH HHJK. aKa,l(eMHH (1868). Y'laCTHHK Pyc.-TypeIJ;KOH BOHHbI 1877-78. C 1883 PYKOBO.ZJ;HJI CTpOHTeJlbCTBOM BapmasCKHX yxpennenaa na JleBOM 6epery BHCJlbI. C 24.12.1890 na'laJlbHHK Bapnrancxoro icpenocruoro apr. ynpaaneaas, C 28.2.1895 noaomnax HaqaJIbHHKa fJlaBHOrO HHJK.ynpaanenns. 28.10.1897 -11.9.1907 rJlaBHbIH Ha'laJIbHHK HHJKeHepOB, nocne pyc.-anoacxoit BOHHbI 1904-05 BXO.ZJ;HJI COCTaBCOBera rocyB .ZJ;apCTBeHHoH060pOHbI. 11.9.1904 nepeseztea Ha rrOCT TOBapHuta renepan-ancnexropa rro HHJK. 'laCTH, a 6.2.1909 3aHHJI rrOCT renepan-uncnexropa, PYKOBO.ZJ;HJI noztroromcoii HHJK. 'laCTeH K BoHHe. I10Jlb30BaJICH 60JlblIIHM aBTopHTeToM cpezra aoennsrx HHJKeHepOB. 2.5.1915 uaaaaxea rroMolllHHKOM noeanoro MHHHcrpa, O.ZJ;HH 6J1HJKaHlIIHX COTPY.ZJ;HHKOB H3 B.A. CYXOMJtU1l08a, KYPHPOBaJI nee HHJK. nonpocsr soennoro Be.ZJ;OMCTBa. 22.3.1915 YBOJleH OT .ZJ;OJlJKIIOCTH naaaaxea 'lJleHOM focY.ZJ;apcTBeHHoro H COBera, Ilocne OKT5I6pbCKOH peBOJlIOIJ;HH OCTaJIC5IB Ilerporpa.ZJ;e, cepezraae HIOJl5I 1918 6bIJI apecronan BqK. B BEPXOBCKlfM AJleKcaH.ZJ;p 11BaHOBHq (27.11.1886 19.8.1938), reaepan-aaiiop (30.8.1917). 113 .ZJ;BOpHH. 1905 B HCKJIIOqeH H3 I1aJKeCKOrO xopnyca II ornpaanen COJl.ZJ;aTOMa n <PPOHT.Y'laCTHliK Pyc.-5IrrOHCKOH BOHHbI 1904-05, CJlYJKllJl naBO.ZJ;'lHKOM apr . .ZJ;llB1l3110He,6bIJI HarpaJK.ZJ;eHIeoprnescxaa B KpeCTOM. 3a OTJlll'lliH B BOHHe B 1905 npoaaseztea B orpnuepsr. B 1905-08 CJlYJKHJIB Iexscaarrpopce. B 1911 OKOH'lllJl HllKOJlaeBcKYIO BoeHHYIO axanexrmo. C Ha'laJIOM BOHHbI CJlYJKllJl B BOCTOqHOH I1PYCCllll, 3aHllMaJl rrOCTbI crapmero azrsroranra lIITa6a 3- H <PllHCKOH CTpeJlKOBOH 6pllra.ZJ;bI (1 rozr 7 Mec). C 1915
109

HaqaJIbHMK OnepaTMBHOH qaCTH XXII AK C MIOJLH1915 M.,n nOMOII~HMKa crapmero azrsiorarrra OT,l(eJIa renepan-xnaprnpMeHCTepa IIlTa6a 9-H apMMM, Cztex, 1915 - nOMOrnHMKa aaxansHMKa OT,l(eJIeHMHynpaBJIeHMH renepan-xsaprupaeacrepa urra6a 7-H apMMM, C <peBp. 1916 cTapIIlMH a,a;bIOTaHTOT,l(eJIeHMHrenepaa-xaaprapsreacrepa IIITa6a 7-H apMMM. B xapre 1916 aaqaJIbHMK IIlTa6a rpyrmsr BOHCK, opraHM30BaHHoH ,l(JIH OBJIa,a;eHMH Tpanesyanoa C MOpH. C cenr. 1916 COCTOHJI OMOmHMKOM n no oneparaanoti qaCTM pyc. npe,l(CTaBMTeJIH npa PYMbIHCKOH rJIaBHOH xsaprape. C HOH6. 1916 nOMOmHHK <pJIar-KanHTaHa no cyxonyrnoti qaCTH IIlTa6a HaqaJIbHHKa BbICa,a;KH Hepnoro MOpH. C 16.2.1917 H.,l(. HaqaJIbHMKa IIlTa6a OT,l(eJIbHOHqepHoMOPCKOH,l(MBM3HH. Ilocne <l>eBpaJIbCKOH peBOJIIOLlHH aKTMBHO asrcrynan B nO,lL[(ep:>KKYCBep:>KeHHHMOHapXHH. B MapTe 1917 H36paH qJIeHOM M TOBapHmeM npenceztarena CeBaCTOnOJIbCKoro COB era pa60qMX ,l(enYTaTOB. Pa3pa60TaJI IlOJIO:>KeHMe0 MeCTHbIX COJI,l{aTCKMX KOMHTeTax. B KOHLle MapTa aanpaanen B Ilerporpan ,l(JIH pa60TbI B KOMMCCHMno nepecsrorpy 3aKOHOnOJIO:>KeHMH YCTaBOB B COOTBeTCTBMM HOBbIMM npaBOBbIMM M C HopMaMM. O,l{HH H3 OCHOBHbIX pa3pa60TqMKOB IlOJIO:>KCnMH0 KOMMTeTax, YTBep)K,l(eHHOrO 30 MapTa. 3aTeM BePHYJICHB CesaCTonOJIb, rne aKTMBHO yqacTBOBaJI B paoore KOMMTeTOB.31 MM Ha3HaqCH KOMaH,l(YIOmHM BOHcKaMM MOCKoBcKoro BO. B MIOJIe HaXO,l(MBIIlMeCHnon KOMaH,l(OBaHMeMB. BOHcKa nO,l(aBMJIMcOJI,l(aTCKHe BbICTynJIeHMH B HM:>KHeM Hoaropozte, TBepM, BJIa,a;MMMpe, JIMneLlKe, EJIbLle M ztp, IlPM 3TOM ace xaparensasre axLlMM B. npOBO,l{MJI C corJIaCMH COBeTa pa60qMX H COJI,l(aTCKHX ,l(enYTaTOB. Bo BpeMH BbICTynJIeHMH rea. JI.r. KOp1tUJl08a 06bHBMJIoxpyr aa BoeHHOM nOJIO:>KeHMM, OTCTpaHMBOT,l{OJI:>KHOCTeH acex npOKOPHMJIOBCKMnacrpoeansrx orpanepon. 30 anr, BbI,l(eJIMJI5 nOJIKOB ,l(JIHHaHeceHMH yztapa no MOrnJIeBY. Ilo npMKa3Y B. rrpoaaseaensr 06bICKM M apecrsr B MOCKOBCKOM OT,l{eJIeCoI03a orpauepos apMMM M <pJIOTa.30 anr, naanasea BoeHHbIM MMHMCTpOM. Beaycnenrao nbITaJICH paarpyaars TbIJI H YCMJIHTb BOHCKOBbleqaCTM. Bsrcrymor npOTMB BbI60pnoro naxana B apMMM. 20 OKT. nOTpe60BaJI nesreanennoro BbIXO,l(a POCCHM M3 BOHHbI. Ilocne OKTH6pbCKOH peBOJIIOLlMH21 OKT.yaOJIeH B ztsyxHe,l{eJIbHbIH OTnYCK M 22 OKT. nsrexan na BaJIaaM. 3 HOH6. sepHYJICH B Ilerporpazt M BMeCTe C qJIenaMM UK napraa acepos
110

nanpasnen B CTaBKY, rzte OHM rronsrranacs opranaaosars ~06meCOUMaJIMCTMqeCKOenpaBMTeJIbCTBo~. Ilocne nposana 3TOro nnana OTOIIleJI OT nOJIMTMqeCKOH ,l(eHTeJIbHOCTM.JIeToM 1918 no 06BMHeHMIO B npHqaCTHOCTM K BblcTynJIeHMIO scepos apecTOBaH, HO scxope oCB060:>K,l(eH.B 1919 ,l(06POBOJIbHO BCTynHJI B KpacHYIO apMMIO. COCTOHJI B paCnOpH:>KeHMM HaqaJIbHMKa BcepOrJIaBIIlTa6a, 3aTeM MHcneKTOp BoeHno-yqe6HbIX saseneHMH 3ana,a;HoH apMHM. C 2.5.1920 qJIen Ocoooro COBemaHMH npa fJIaBKOMe PKKA, C 2.6.1920 COCTOHJIB paCnOpH:>KeHMM fYBY3, C 12.8.1920 rJIaBHbIH MHcneKTOp. C MIOHH 1922 rJIaBHMH PYKoBO,l(MTeJIb BoeHHoH aKa.n:eMMMPKKA, 3aTeM na npenO,l(aBaTeJIbCKOHpaoore. B 1922 B xaxecrse soeuaoro axcnepTa yqacTBOBaJI B pa60Te feHY33cKOH COI03HOH KOH<pepeHLlMM. C 1930 HaqaJIbHHK IIlTa6a Cenepo- Kasxaacxoro BO. 18.7.1931 no 06BMHeHMIO B aHTHcoBeTcKoH ,l(eHTeJIbHOCTM nparosopen KOJIJIerneH OfIlY K paCCTpeJIY, 2.12.1931 npnronop 3aMeHeH 10 rO,l(aMM narepea. 17.9.1934 ,l{Ocpoqno oCB06o:>K,l(eH.B 1936 nOJIyqHJI 3BaHHe KOM6pMra. 19.8.1939 BoeHHoH KOJIJIemeH BepXOBfIOro cyna CCCP no TOMY :>Ke06BMHeHMIO npnroaopen K paccrpeny B 1956 nOCMepTHO pea6MJIHTMpoBan.

BECEJIOBCKMM AHTOHMH Aanpeesns (7.3.1866 - He panee 1939), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (12.7 1915). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B HHKOJIaeBCKOM MH:>KeHepnOMysaname (1887). Bsinymen B 3-H :>KeJIe3HO,l(OpO:>KHbIH 6aTaJIboH . .lloJIroe BpeMH CJIY:>KHJI nex. qaCTHX, B T.q. 60JIee 2 JIeT KOMaH,l(OBaJI6aTaJIbOB HOM. C 8.12.1907 KOMaH,l(Mp 253-ro Ipoaaencxoro pesepnnoro 6aTaJIbOHa, C 5.7 1910 KOMaH,l(Mp 81-ro nex. Arnneponcxoro BeJIMKOrO KHH3H Ieoprna MMXaHJIOBMqa nOJIKa, BO rnase KOTOPOro BCrynMJI B MMPOBYIOBOHHY B COCTaBe21-H nex. ,l{MBM3MMIII Kasxaacxoro AK. 3a 60H 20.8.1914 Y zrepenna <l>aHCJIOBMue (y Cyxonona), rae 6bIJIO naneceuo nopazceaae X aBCTpo-BeHrepcxosry xopnycy, narpaxnea B MapTe 1915 opnenov ~B. Ieopras 4-H CTeneHM. C 9.2.1915 KOMaH,l{Hp 6pHra.n:bI 46-H nex ,l(HBH3HH. C 21.8.1915 HaqaJIbHHK 44-H nex. ,l(HBH3HM, Y:>Ke 16.11.1915 nOJIyqMJI B KOMaH,l(OBaHMe XIX AK, BXO,l(MBIIlHH B COCTaB8-H apMHH ren. A.A. 5pYCUJl08a. IlpHHHMaJI ysacrae BO ncex onepauasx na IOro-3ana.n:HoM <ppoHTe. Ilocne <l>:BPaJIbCKOHpeBOJIIOLlHH 8.4 1917 naana-ren KOMaH,l(YlomHM 2-H apxra111

eH 3ana,n;Horo <PPOHTa. APMIUI HaXO,n;IUlaCb na JIeBOM <pJIaHre <PPOHTa, 3aHHMaH nOJIOcy OT Oepe3HHbI ,n;0 ITpHnaTH. Ilepea HatIaJIOM MIOHbCKOrO aacrynneaaa B COCTaB apMHH BXO,n;HJIH rpenanepcxaa H CBO,n;HbIHxopnyca, IX, L H III CH6HPCKHH AK ITocJIe HIOJIbCKHX C06bITHH B Ilerporpazte H oxepenaof nepeCTaHOBKH B BbIcrneM KOMaH,n;OBaHHH BoopY)KeHHbIMH CHJIaMH B. 12 HIOJIa 6bIJI 3aMeHeH rea, H.A. J!.allWZ08blM. ITocJIe OKTa6pbcKoH peBOJIIOlIHH yexan na YKpaHHy. B 1918 BO BpeMa repsr. OKKynaQHH BXO,n;HJIB COCTaB BoeHHoH ceKlIHH cseazta KOHcepBaTHBHbIX zresrreneii B KHeBe. 3aTeM 3MHrpHpOBaJI B OOJIrapHIO.

BEXH6-IIAIIIA (Vehip Pa~a), Mexsren-Bexati-nanra (1877-1940), Typ. reHepaJI-JICHTeHaHT. MJIa,n;rnHH 6paT 3ca,n;nauru - naaecrnoro Typ. BOCHatIaJIbHHKa, npocnaaaanreroca 3aIIIHToH 5IHHHbI BO npesra OaJIKaHCKOH BOHHbI 1912-13. IlocJIe BCTynJICHHa TYPlIHH B BOHHY, B Hoa6. 1914 Ha3HatICH KOMaH,n;YIOIIIHM 2-H apMHcH, aaxonaameiica B CTpaTerHtIeCKOM pesepBe BCpXOBHoro KOMaH,n;OBaHHa B eBponCHCKOH tIaCTH TYPlIHH. C MapTa 1916 KOMaH,n;YIOIIIHH 3-H apMHeH. B Mae apMHa nOJIytIHJIa ,n;onOJIHHTeJIbHble nozspenneaaa (scero 15 ,n;HBH3HH), B ee COCTaBnepeopomenu V H XII xopnyca, 29 MaH CHJIaMH IX H XI xopnycos JIHKBH,n;HPOBaJIMaMaxaTYHcKHH BblcTyn H 3aHaJI MaMaxaTYH. ITbITaJICa pa3BHTb HaCTynJICHHe, HO 6bIJI OCTaHOBJIeH 39-H nex. ,n;HBH3HCH. 13(26) HIOHa nepemen B HacTYnJIeHHe, aanoca rJIaBHbIH yztap V H X xoprrycasor na Tpanc3YH,lJ;CKOM HanpaBJIeHHH. BKJIHHHJICa Me)K,n;yV KaBKa3CKHM H II TypKeCTaHCKHM AK, HO 3aTeM 6bIJI OCTaHOBJIeH.B KOHlIe HIOHa pyc. BOHCI<a nepemnn B KOHTpHacTynJIeHHe H HaHeCJIH nopazcenae apMHH B.-n. H 23 HIOJIa B3aJIH 3p3HH,n;)KaH. IToCJIe aeyztasaoro HaCTYnJIeHHa na 3p3epYM, B xozte xoroporo 2-a H 3-a apMHH norepana zro 60 TbIC. tIeJI., B cenr. 1916 rrposezteua peopraaasalIHa apMHH - xoprryca cnenensr B ,n;HBH3HH,a ,n;HBH3HHB nOJIKH. K OKT. 1916 H3 150 TbIC. tIeJI., COCTaBJIaBrnHX apsnno no HaCTYnJIeHHa, B. csror coopars TOJIbKO 36 TbIC. tIeJI. K HatIaJIY 1917 B COCTaB apMHH BXO,n;HJIO6 HCnOJIHbIX ,n;HBH3HH. B naxane zrex. 1917 06paTHJICa K rea. M.A. IIpJICe8aJlbC1CoMYH 3aKaBKa3CKOMy !<OMHccapHaTY C npe,n;JIO)KeHHeM 0 nepeaapaa. 7.12.1917 aoeaasre ,n;eHcTBHa 6bIJIH rrpexpantensr H nasarsr rreperosopsr.
112

Cornanrenae 0 nepeuapaa 6bIJIO nozmacano 18 ztex. B 3P3HH,n;zcane. B ztex. 1917 nOCJIe pacrpopuapoaanaa rpyrrnsr BOHCK 4KaBKa3~ MaprnaJIaAxMema-I133em-nawu Bi-n, nozrnmena 2-a apsma H T.O. see ryp, BOHcKa aaxonasnraeca na KaBKa3cKoM TB,ll. B no,n;tIHHCHHH B. HaxO,n;HJIHCb:6-H AK (ren. fbcy6-11Ie8xu-nauiay; 1-H KaBKa3CKHH AK (ren. Ka3bIM Kapafiexap-rrama; 9-a H 36-a KaBKa3CKHe ,n;HBH3HH, B HIOHe 1918 K xopnycy npacoeaananacs 15-a nex, ,n;HBH3Harea. IOcy<pa-M33eT-naIIIH); 4-H AK (rea. Ana-Hxcan-nama; 5-a H 12-a nex, ,n;HBH3HH) B 1917 rJIaBHOKoMaH,n;YIOIIIHH oCMaHcKoH apMHeH na KaBKa3cKoM <ppoHTe. PYKOBO,n;HJIHacTynJIeHHeM TYp. BOHCK B 3aKaBKa3be. 12.2.1918 OT,n;aJI npmcas 0 nepexozie YCTaHOBJIeHHOH nepeMHpHeM ,n;cMapKalIHoHHoH JIHHHH. 25 <peBp. 3aHaJI ArnKaJIY, 26 <peBp. - EHHKeH, 2 MapTa - Hapa6IOK- Xanenep, a K 24 MapTa - Tpanesyan H MaMaxaTYH. B srapre 1918 BCC ryp. BOHcKa na KaBKa3CKOM TB,ll 06'be,n;HHeHbI B rpynny BOHCK 4BoCTOK~, BOrnase KOTOPOHnOCTaBJIeH Bi-rr. B COCTaBrpyrmsr BOHCKBornJIH 9-a (rea, 5IKy6-1I1eBKH-narna), 3-a (rea, 3ca,n;-narna) H 6-a apMHH. B anp. 1918 B COCTaBe ero BOHCK ofipaaosana rpynna BOHCK «Kpacc» rea. 5IKy6-1I1eBKH-narnH. B HlOHe 1918 6bIJI OT03BaH B KOHcTaHTHnOrrOJIb. C OKT. 1918 KOMaH,n;YIOIIIHif 1-if apMHeif, pa3BepHYToH B parioae qepnoMopcKHX rrpOJIHBOB. ITocJIe Myztpoccxoro nepeanpna 30.10.1918 npeaaa cy,n;y.

BHKTOP-3MAHYHJI III,
nann-

BHKTop-3MaHYHJI-<Dep,n;H-

Mapaa- ,ll)KeHHapO CaBoHcKHH (VittorioEmanueleFerdinando-Maria-Gennaro de Savoie) (11.11.1869, Heanons - 28.12.1947, Anexcaanpaa, Eraner), KOPOJIb MTaJIHH. CbIH KOpOJIa YM6epTo I. C 1878 HaCJIe,n;HHK npecrona, rrpann HearrOJIHTanCKHH. Boeanoe 06pa30BaHHe nOJIytIHJI B soenHbIX KOJIJIe,n;)Kax B Heanone H Monene. B 1886 BCTynHJI B 1-H nex, nOJIK. C 1887 JIeHTeHaHT 5-ro nex. nOJIKa, C 1890 KOMaH,n;Hp I-ro nex. nOJIKa, C 1892 - 6pHra,n;bI .KYHCO~, C 1894 - ,n;HBH3HH 4<DHpeHlIe~, B 1897-1900 - X AK (urraf - Heanons). B 1896 )KeHHJICa mi npmruecce Enene, ,n;OtICPH KOpOJIa Hepaoropaa HUKOJWR 1. B.-3. ne nHTaJI CKJIOHnOCTH K nOJIHTHKe H ,n;a)Ke yronapanan OTlIa nepenars npana na TpOH CBoeMY ,n;BOIOPO,n;HOMY 6paTY - 3MallY3Jle-C[Jwzu6epmo repuory n'Aocra. 29.7.1900 nOCJIe y6HHcTBa OTlIa aaapxacrou

113

OpCUIH BCTynIIJI na IITaJIbjiHCKIIH npCCTOJI. YBJICKaJICji OXOTOH, PbI6HOH JIOBJICH, <pOTOrpaqmcH, HYMII3MaTHKOH (OCTaBIIJI rOCY;:J;apCTBY O;:J;HYII3 60raTCHUIHX B MIIpC KOJIJICKQIIH MOHCT). 3aHjiB npCCTOJI, YCIIJIIIJI MCPbI 6C30naCHOCTII II B TO IKC BPCMji npOBCJI aMHIICTIjIO, nO;:J; OTOpylO nonano OK. 10 TbIC. K qCJI. CTOPOHHIIK op"CHTaQ"" na BCJIIIK06pIITaHlIIo, B.-3., HaCTopOIKClIHO OTHOCIIBIIIHHCji K fcpMaHIIII, BCC IKC coxpaHIIJI qJICHCTBO CTpaHbI B TPOHCTBCHIIOM COI03C, npenynpennn O;:J;HaKO,qTO HC CTaHCT yqaCTBOBaTb B B03MOIKHbIX BOCHHbIX ;:J;CHCTBIIjiX npoTIIB BCJIIIK06pIITaHHH. B TaHHC OT COI03HIIKOB nO;:J;nIICaJI B I1apIIIKc 06ji3aTCJIbCTBO, qTO MTaJIIIji nmcorzta HC 06bjiBIIT BOHHY <!>paHQIIH. B 1911 calIKQIIoHIIpOBaJI HaqaJIO BOClIHbIX ;:J;CHCTBHH npoTIIB TYPQIIII, B PC3YJIbTaTC KOTOPbIX IITaJIbjilICKIIMM BOHCKaMII 6bIJIH aaxaaxenu TpanoJIII II KIIpcHaIIKa. I10CRC naxana MIIPOBOH BOHHbI B.-3., cosnasaa, qTO CCJIII crpana BCTynHT B BOHlIY H nOTcpnIIT nopaIKCf-mC, TO MOHapXHji 6Y;:J;CT 06pCqCHa, JlaBlIpOBaJI MCIK;:J;Y AlITalIToH H UCHTpaJIbHblMH ;:J;cpIKaBaMII. I1paBIITCJIhCTBO BCJIO neperosopsr C 06CHMII croponasra, aararnsaa BPCMji II nsrscnaa, KTO otieutaer 60JIhlllIIC TCPPITOp"aJIhlIhIC npII06PCTClIIIji, npCIK;:J;C BCCro TPCHTO II Tp II CCT. 23.5.1915 B.-3. 06bjiBIIJI aOHlIY ABCTPO- BClIrpHII. I10JIIITIIqCCKIIC KpyrH MTaJIIIH 6hlJIII npOTIIB sroro mara, HO B.-3. lIaCTOjiJI na CBOCM. Bo BPCMji BOHlIbI C 24.5.1915 <pOPMaJIbHO CqIITaJICji BCPXOBlIbIM rJIaBlIOKoMaH;:J;YIOIlIIIM, HO HC BMCIllIIBaJICji B ;:J;CjiTCJIbHOCTb Bepxoanoro KOMaH;:J;OBaHIIji, a <PYHKQIIII rJIaBHOKOMalI;:J;YIOIu;cro <paKTIIqCCKII IICnOJIHjiJIH HaqaJIbHIIKII Iennrrafia rea. JI. Kaoopna II A.l!ua~. C YCTaHOBJICHIICM B 1922 rpanracrcxoro pCIKHMa O. MYCCOJIIIHII 6bIJI <paKTIIqCCKH oTCTpaHcH OT PYKOBo;:J;cTBa rocynapcrnon. B 1936-43 O;:J;lIOBPCMClIlIO lIOCIIJI mTYJI IIMncpaTopa 3<pIIonIIII, a B 1939-43 - KOPOJIji AJI6aHIIII. AKTIIBHO nO;:J;;:J;cpIKaJI CBCPIKCHIIC MYCCOJIIIHII 25.7.1943.9 CCHT. nOKIIHYJI M TaJI II 10. CTPCMjiCh coxpanars MOlIapXlIIO II 6Y;:J;yqII cKoMnpOMcTIIpoBalIHbIM COTPY;:J;HIIqCCTBOM C <paIllIIcTaMII, 5.6.1944 rrepeztan KOPOJICBCKHC <PYHKIIIIII CBOCMY ChlHY YM6cpro KaK KOPOJICBCKOMY HaMccTHIIKY. 9.5.1946 OTPCKCji B nOJIb3Y csma, 18.6.1946 MTaJIIIji npOB03rnaurena pccny6JIIIKOH II CaBOHCKaji ;:J;IIHaCTIIji caeprnyra, a B., OKOHqaTCJIbHO nOKIiHYJI crpany 114

BMJlbfEJIbM, BlIJlhrCJIbM-<PPII;:J;PHX- BnKTOp- ABrYCT3PHCT [oreHIJ;OJIJICPH (WilhelmFriedrich- Victor- August- Ernst von Hohenzollern) (6.5.1882, nOTc;:J;aM - 20.7.1951, XCXI1HrcH), repsr. KpoHnpHHII, renepan nCXOTbI (27.1.1917). Crapnraii CbI'H HMncpaTopa BUJlbZellbMa II, HaCJIC;:J;HHK npCCTOJIa. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqIIJI B Ka,l{eTCKOM xopnyce, B 1892 sanacaa B rrpycCKYIO rBap;:J;IIIO. BbI;:J;CPIKaJIO<pHIICPCKHH :3K3aMeH H B 1900 npoH3Be;:J;eHB 06ep-JIeHTeHaHTbI I-ro rnapneacxoro nex. nOJIKa. B 1901-03 yxanca s OOHHCKOM YH"BepC"TeTe. B 1906-08 II C 1913 CJIYIKHJI B OOJIblllOM Ieaurrafie. C OKT. 1908 KOMaH;:J;IIp I-ro 6aTaJIbOHa l-ro rsapneacxoro nex.nomca; C 1911 - l-ro JICH6rycapcxoro nOJIKa B ,l{aHIIIIre. Bo BpeMR I1IOJIbCKOrO KpH3Hca 1914, npenurecrsoaasurero HaqaJIY SOHHbI, 6b1JI npOTIIBHIIKOM BHelllHenOJIHTHqCCKOro xypca KaHIIJIepa T. Bervan-Ioxsaera. I1PH M06HJIH3aIIIIH, 2.8.1914 uaanaxeu KOMaH;:J;Y10IlIHM5-H apMHeH (OK. 230 TbIC. sen. H 698 0PY;:J;IIH), paaeeprsreaanreaca B panoae Bereatiypr- ,l{H;:J;CHro<pCH-MeII-JIe6ax -Caap6pIOKKeH. B COCTaBapMHH SXO;:J;HJIH (rea, [IIImpall~), XIII (rea. M. aiaV 6etc), XVI (ren, B. Myopa) AK, V (rea, neXOTbI <pOH fIOH;:J;eJIb) II VI (rea, nCXOTbI K. <pOH fOCCJIcp) peaepsaue xopnyca, 13-R, 43~ji, 45-ji, 53-ji H 9-ji (fianapcxaa) .nannaepnue 6pHra;:J;bI. B nonoce apMHH ;:J;eHcTBOBaJIIV KaB. xopnyc reaepan-neiireHaHTa 6apoHa <PoHXOJIJIeHa (3-ji H 6-ji xaa ;:J;IIBII3Im; OK. 8,5 TblC. qeJI. H 24 0PY;:J;HR). Ha nOCT KOMaH;:J;YIOIu;eronaaaaxen B QeJIjiX ;:J;C3HH<popMaIIHII - BBeCTH B 3a6JIYJK;:J;eHIIe<ppaHII. KOMaH;:J;OBaHHe 0 MeCTe rnasuoro yztapa, BOHcKaM IKe B. rrpennaanasanacs acnouorareasaas POJIb. K 20 anr; apxaa asnuna na JIIIHHIO 3TaJIb-JIoHrBH-A<pcBeHJIep. Bo BPCMji Ilorpamonroro cpaxeHHji He nOJIyqHJI onpeztenennsrx oneparannsrx YKa3aHIIH H ;:J;OJIIKeH 6bIJI ;:J;eHCTBOBaTb no 06cTaHoBKe. 22 asr, B paiioae JIoHrBH BCTynHJI B 60H C 3-H <ppaHII. apMHeH, K 25 asr; Pa36IIJI ee II BbIuten na JIIIHIIIO MOHMe;:J;H H IOIKHee. 26 asr., BCJIC;:J;CTBHe CTaY JIOCTH BOHCK, npHOCTaHOBIIJI HacTynJICHHC. 27 asr; nOJIyqHJI AIIpeKTHSY nacrynars na JIHHIIIO Illanoa -CIOP- Mapa - BHTPII,1Ie-<!>paHcya C 3a;:J;aqCHOKPYIKHTb xpenocrs Bepnea. Bo BPCMji CpaJKeHHR na MapHC (5-12 asr.) nOJIyqHJI aanaxy BMCCTCC 3- H H 4-H apMHjiMH npO;:J;OJIIKaTbHacTynJICHHC B IOIKHOM II IOro-BOCTOqHOM HanpaBJICHIIjiX II BMeCTe C 6-H apMIIcH OKPYIKIITb <ppaHII. BOHCKa IOIKlIce xpenocra BCPAeH. BCJI 60H 6e3 AOC115

TaTOqHO Om:YfMMbIX peeynsraros. Ilocne OTXO.ll;a1:H, 2-H H 3-H apMHH 11 cenr, apMHSI B. TaK)Ke orseztena B ceaepaox aanpasJIeHIDI. B xozte HacTyrrJIeHHSI COlO3HHKOB B IlIaMnaHH (cerrr.> OKT. 1915) na n03H.QHH apMHH B. nacryrrana 3-SI <}lpaH.Q. apMHSI (OCHOBHOH yztap npmIIeJICSI na COCe.ll;HlO1O 3-10 apMHIO ren. K. <pOH 3UlleMa). 3-SI rppaau. apMHSI B nepnsre ace.lI;HHonepaUHH HaTOJIKHYJIaCb aa CHJIbHOe conpOTHBJIeHMe M 6bIJIa BblHYiK.lI;eHanpMOCTaHOBMTb nacrynnenae, O.ll;HaKO B. He npenrrpaHSlJI nonsrrox aTaKH, T.K. no onepaTHBHOMY nJIaHY .lI;OJIiKeH6bIJI naxars nacrynnenae JIMllib nOCJIe nsrxozta 2-H H 4-H apMMH K 3He. Ha nOCTY xoxranztytourero apMHeH OCTaBaJICSI .lI;O 25.11.1916. C 1.8.1915 KOMaH,llYlOm:MH rpynnoii apMMH ~KpOHnpHHU BMJIbreJIbM», naxoztaanreiica B uerrrpe repxr. 3ana.ll;HOro <}lpoHTa. <DaKTMqeCKH PYKOBO.ll;CTBO onepanasraa cocpeztoTOqHJIOCb B pyxax ero HaqMbHHKa nrrafia rea, <D. <}lOH ztep lliYJle1l6ypza. 22.8.1915 narpaaoren opzreaou Pour Ie Merite. B 1916 na apMHIO B. B03JIOiKeHO senenae Bep.ll;eHCKOH onepaUMM (21 <}leBp. - 18 ztex). Ilepen HaqMOM onepanan apMMSIYCMJIeHa CBeiKMMM xopnycaxa M apTMJIJIepMeH. B. M ero urraf BbI.lI;BMHyJIM nJIaH npopsma 060pOHhI aa npaaosr M JIeBOM 6eperax Maaca, O.ll;HaKOrerr, 3. <}lOH (/JaJtb1CellZaUll ero OTKJIOHMJI.)lJISI nposenenaa npopsrsa na yxacrxe KOHeBya-OpH ynapnaa rpynna (VII pesepansrii xopnyc, III M XVIII AK) paasepnyra OT Maaca .lI;OfpeMMJIH. XV AK HaHOCMJIBcnOMoraTeJIbHbIH yztap, VI pesepaasni xopnyc npMKpbIBM npaasrii <}lJIaHr. Ha aasepmaromesr srane K onepanna npMBJIeKaJIaCbrpynna r. <}lOHIllmpaul{a (ycMJIeHHM pesepsnsnr xopnycov). )lJISI yztapa no Bepneny cocpezroroseao 1204 Opy,a;MSI(B T.q. 654 THiKeJIbIX M 29 csepxraacensrx) M 202 MMHOMeTa (B r.s. 32 TSliKeJIblx). ,llJISI rrepsoro yzrapa BbI,a;eJIeHO9 HOBbIX OT,a;OXHYBlllMXM XOPOlliO rroztroroeJIeHHbIX ,llMBM3MH. 21 rpesp. C 8.12,a;0 9.00 npomna apr, rroztroTOBKa, B 16.45 B aTaKY nomna rrexora, 3a nepaue 2 ,a;HSI nepao UMM repxr. BOHcKa ,a;06MJIMCb He3HaqMTeJIbHbIX ycrrexos: VII peaepansni xopnyc 3aHSlJI nacenemrsre nYHKTbl OMOH M CaMOHbe, III AK - nee 3p636ya. 25 <}leBp. B3S1T<}l0PT )lYOMOH, a 27 <}leBp. - BeBpeHcKM ,llOJIMHa. B KOHue <}leBp. - aaxane Mapra <}lpaHU. KOMaH,a;OBaHMIO yztanocs pe3KO (nOqTM B 2 paaa) yneJIMqMTb qMCJIOCBOMXCMJIB paiioae nacrynnenaa, C 5 MapTa B. nepenec <}lpOHT aTaKM na JIeBblH 6eper Maaca, nepenas pyxo116

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BO.u;CTBO rpynne rea, M. <}loHFaJl1xfUl{a. O.ll;HaKOaasasnreecs t mOM epascenae aa COMMe BbIHY.ll;HJIO repsr. KOMaH,a;OBaHMe CHHTb xacrr, CHJI ns-rron Bepnena, TeM caMblM OCJIa6MB 5-10 apMHIO. C asr, MHMUHaTMBa nepemna K COI03HMKaM. 2 cerrr. npHKa30M Il. <}lOH rUllae1l6ypza Bepzrencxaa onepauna npexpauteua. 2 lfOSl6. 6bIJIM C.lI;aHbI<}lOPTbI )lYOMOH H Bo. Iepsr. BOHcKa noHeCJIM nozt Bepzteaosr orpostnsre norepn, ~nepeMOJIOB» OK. 50 AMBH3HH, norepasmax (c yxerojr nOnOJIHeHHH) 70-100% JIMqHOrO COCTaBa. 30.7.1916 naanaxen llle<}loM fi-ro erepcxoro 6aTaJIbOHa, 30.7.1916 - 19- ro rycapcxoro nOJIKa, 24.3.1918 - 1- ro rpenanepcxoro nOJIKa. 8.9.1916 nOJIyqMJI .lI;y6oBble BeTBM K opzteny Pour le Merite, Ilepen HaqaJIOM AnpeJIbCKOrO aacrynneHMH C0103HHKOB ( 1917) rpyrma apMHH B. BKJIlOqaJIa 7 -10, 1-10 H 3-10 apMHM M 3aHMMaJIa <}lpOHT OT Cyaccoaa zto KpenOCTH Bepzten. fJIaBHblH yztap aHrJIO-<}lpaH.Q. BOHCKa (59 nex. H 7 KaB. mrBM3HH, 5 TbIC. Opy,a;HH, 1000 CaMOJIeTOB,200 TaHKoB) HaHOCMJIH aayxacnce 7-H apMMM (27 .lI;MBM3IIH, 431 opyztae, 640 CaMOJIeToB). 2 16 anp. COlO3HlIKlI nepeutnn B aTaKY; HO, nonas nozt aarpazmTeJIbHblH orcas, 6bIJIM orripomensr naaazt, Heyna-moe npaxenenae TaHKOB npaneno K norepe 60JIee nOJIOBIIHbI IIX qlICJIa. Ilocne nOJIyqeHHH CBe,a;eHIIH 0 rrorepsx orrepanna 6hlJIa npaOCTaHOBJIeHa20 anp. K HaqaJIY 1918 rpyrma apxraii B. (18-Sl, 7-Sl, 1-SI M 3-H apMMII) 3aHliMMa <pPOHTOT CeH- Kaareaa no Aproan. 18-H apMIIH nplIHHJIa ysacrae (BbIIIOJIHHH BcnOMOraTeJIbHYIO <}lyHKIJ;IIIO) B HaCTYIIJIeHIIH B Ilnxapzmn (21.3-5.4.1918). 27.513.6.1918 rpyrma apMIIH CIiJIaMIi 18-H, 7-H II 1-H apMIIH nposeJIa HaCTynJIeHlIe na 3He. 27 MM CMJIaMIi 34 ,a;IIBII3IIH, 5263 opy.lI;IIH (B T.q. 1631 raxensrx) I! 1233 MHHOMeTOB 6hIJI aanecen ynap 1I0 n031IIJ;IIHM COI03HMKOB. 29 MM repa. BOHcKa HaHeCJIH y,a;ap nozt Cyacconosr M K 5 III0HH yrJIy6lIJIliCb BO rppaau. pacnOJIOJKeHIIH na 60 KM (.lI;O Ilapnaca OCTaBaJIOCbOK. 70 KM). B 3TOH onepauna repsr, norepn COCTaBIiJIIi 98 TbIC. qeJI. (C0103HIiKOB -127 TbIC. qeJI.) 9-13 HIOHSl18-H apMIISllIpOBeJIa, B xozte onepaunn, HaCTynJIeHHe na KOMlIbeH, HO 6bIJIa OCTaHOBJIeHa, nOTepHB 25 TbIC. qeJI. (norepa <}lpaHU. apMHM - 40 TbIC. qeJI.). B mOJIe 1918 repxr. KOMaH.lI;OBaHlie nepezt HaCTYIIJIeHHeM BO <DJIaH,a;pIIMpentane npOBeCTM nacrynnenae B paiione Peibrca, Bbl.ll;eJIIiB ,llJIH aroro 7 -10, 1-10 M 3-10 apMlI1i rpynnsr apMMM B. 7-H apMMSI.lI;OJIJKHa6blJIa <}l0pclIpoBaTb MapHY B paiioae )l0pMaH M 117

aacrynars na BOCTOK B HarrpaBJIeHMM aa 3rrepHe. 1-51M 3-51 apMMM rrOJIyqMJIM saaaxy rrpopstaars QJPOHT BOCTOqHee PeHMca, rpopcaponars BeJIb M uacrynars na Illanoa, Ha yxacrxe IllaroTseppa+Maccaac (88 KM) ,lJ;JI5Inposenenas HacTyrrJIeHM5I coCpe,lJ;OTOqeHO48 ,lJ;MBM3MH, 353 0PY,lJ;H5I,2200 MMHOMeTOB (npo6 TMBHMK - 4-51, 5-51 M 6-51 <ppaHU. apMMM - MMeJIM 36 ,lJ;MBM3MHM 3080 Opy,lJ;MH). nOJIyqMB MHQJopMaUMIO 0 roTOB5ImeMC5I nacrynJIeHMM QJpaHU. KOMaH,lJ;OBaHMeB HOqb na 15 MIOJI5IrrpOBeJIO MOmHyIO rrpeztynpenarexsnyio apr. rronrorosxy B TOT )Ke ,lJ;eHb7-51 apMM5I aaxana QJOpcMpoBaTb MapHY, qTO y,lJ;aJIOCbJIHIIIb C 60JIbIIIMMM rrorepaan. O,lJ;HOBpeMeHHo 1-51 M 3-51 apMMM, He BCTpeqa51 cepsesnoro corrpOTMBJIeHM5I, HaqaJIM rrpO,lJ;BM)KeHMe, HO scxope 6bIJIM OCTaHOBJIeHbI, QJpaHU. apTMJIJIepMeH. Ilonsrncn rrpO,lJ;OJI)KMTb nacrynnenae 16 M 17 MIOJI5I ycrrexa He MMeJIM. 16 MIOJI5IOCTaHOBJIeHO nacrynnenae 1-H M 3~H apMMH, a 20 MIOJI5I 7 -51apMM5I OTBe,lJ;eHana ceaepnsra 6eper Mapnst. B. PYKOBO,lJ;MJI rpyrmoii apMMH BO BpeM5I ofiutero HacT)'rrJIeHM5I COI03HMKOB 1918. Ilocrre rrO,lJ;rrMCaHM5I nepexnpaa 11.11.1918 CJIO)KMJICce651 KOMaH,lJ;OBaHMe M rrOCeJIMJIC5IB OCTepJIaH,lJ;e na ocrpone BMPMren (HH,lJ;epJIaH,lJ;bI). 1.12.1918 OKOHqaTeJIbHO OTpeKC5I OT CBOHX npas ira rrpeCTOJI. 9.11.1923 rrOJIyqHJI paspenreuae )KMTb B Iepvaaaa M rrOCeJIMJIC5IB CBoeM MMeHHM 6JIH3 nOTC,lJ;aMa. B 1932 BO BpeM5I rrpe3M,lJ;eHTCKMX BbI60pOB BbICT)'rrHJI B rrOMep)KKY A. [HTJIepa. B 1945 HHTepHMpoBaH QJpaHU. BoHcKaMM. ABTop Mexyapoa ~BocrrOMHHaHM5I 0 MoeH )KH3HM~ (1922) M ~MOH BOCrrOMHHaHM5I 0 repsr. BoeHHbIX ,lJ;eiicTBH5In (1922). YMep OT cep,lJ;eqHoro npacryna,

BHJIbfEJIbM II, <l>PM,lJ;PMXBHJIbreJIbM- BMKTOP- AJIb6ePT [oreHUOJIJIepH (FriedrichWilhelmVictor-Albert von Hohenzollern) (27.1.1859, BepJIHH - 4.6.1941, .llOOPH, rrpOBMHUH5I YrpeXT, HH,lJ;epJIaH,lI;bI), HMrrepaTop Iepssauaa, KOPOJIb IlpycCHM. CbIH repss. asmeparopa <l>pH,lJ;pHXa III M aHrJI. npmmeccsr BMKTOpHM. B 1869 rrOJIyqHJI qHH JIeHTeHaHTa I-ro rnapneacxoro nex. rrOJIKa. B 1870-77 yqMJIC5I B-rHMHa3MH B KaCCeJIb- BMJIbreJIblVcxe$e, B 1877-79 H3yqaJI npaso M rocynapcrseanue HayKH B BepJIHHCKOM YHMBepcHTeTe; npOXO,lJ;HJICTaJKHPOBKY B Pa3JIHqHbIX rnapnencxax qaCT5IX H MHHHCTepcTBax. C 1885 KOMaH,lJ;Hp I-ro rnapzieiicxoro apr, nOJIKa, C 1888 - 2-H rnap,lJ;eHCKOH rrex.
118

6pMra,n;bI. nOCJIe CMepTM csoero ztezra axmeparopa BMJIbreJIbMa I (9.3.1888) 06'b5lBJIeH HaCJIe,lJ;HMKOMnpeCTOJIa M xponnpaauesr. nOCJIe CMepTM orua 15.6.1888 BCTyrrHJI aa npeCTOJI. 18.3.1890 oTCTpaHMJI OT nOCTa peHXCKaHUJIepa KH5I351O. CPOHBMcMapKa, CKOHueHTpMpOBaB B CBOMXPYKax BCIO rrOJIHOTY BJIaCTM. npOBO,lI;MJI rrOJIMTMKY YKperrJIeHIUI a6COJIIOTM3Ma, CTOPOHHHK MMJIMTapM3aUMH CTpaHbI. nOcTaBHB ueJIbIO caoeii rrOJIMTMKM BOHHY C rrpoTMBHMKaMM Iepaanaa B Esporre, ycnenmo M B cacarsre cpoKM nposen nO,lJ;rOToBKY K BoeHHbIM ,lJ;eii:cTBH5IM,orrepeznra crpaHbI rrpezmonaraeaoro rrpOTMBHMKa. O,lJ;HH H3 rJIaBHbIX HHHUMaTOPOB naxana BOHHbI. OKa3bIBaJI )KeCTKOe ,lJ;aBJIeHMena aBCTp. asmeparopa M rrpaBHTeJIbCTBO ABCTPO- BeHrpMH, crroc06cTBOBaJI 3aH5ITMIO MMH neycryrrsasoii rr03HUMM BO BpeWI rrpe,lJ;IIIeCTBOBaBIIIero BOMHe I1IOJIbCKOrO KpM3Mca 1914. C HaqaJIOM BOHHbI npMH5IJI aa ce651 3BaHHe Bepxosaoro rJIaBHOKOMaH,lJ;YIOlUero repx. apMMH M BM<l>. O,lJ;HaKO cpaKTHqeCKM PYKOBO,lJ;CTBO soeaHblMM onepanasnra 6bIJIO B03JIO)KeHO na HaqaJIbHMKa nOJIeBOrO feHIIITa6a (f CPOHMonsmxe, 3. CPOHC/JQJlb1CeIlZaUIl, Il. QJOHFU1-lden6ypz). no YKa3aHHIO B. rrpa nJIaHHpOBaHMH soemrsrx ,lJ;eMCTBMM6bIJI 3HaqMTeJIbHO oCJIa6JIeH 3arra,n;HblH <PPOHT.B rrepssril nepaon BOMHbI rrOCT05lHHO BMeIIIMBaJIC5I B ,lJ;ei1cTBH5IHaqaJIbHMxa IIITa6a; ero pacnopaaceuaa CTaJIH O,lJ;HOM npasna neynax H3 repa. apMMH na Mapae, 12.5.1915 B03JIO)KMJI na ce651opnen Pour le Merite C ,n;y60BbIMM BeTB5IMM. nOCJIe Ha3HaqeHM5I 29.8.1916 HaqaJIbHMKOM IIITa6a renepan -cpeJIb,lJ;MapIIIaJIa f HH,lJ;eH6ypra CPaKrnqeCKH OTCTpaHeH OT KOMaH,lJ;OBaHH5I.C POCTOM BJIM5IHM5IfMH,lJ;eH6ypra Tep5lJI KOHTPOJIb sa cMTyaUMeH B crpane, npaxrasecxa nepeaas BCIOrrOJIHoT)' nnacra B pyxa QJeJIb.l(MapIIIaJIa. 9.11.1918, rrOCJIe naxana B Iepvaaaa peBOJIIOUMH, rrOKHHYJI crpany H C,lJ;aJIC5I rOJIJIaMCKMM norpamrsmrrcax. 28.11.1918 OTpeKC5I OT npeCTOJIa. B 1919 KyrrHJI MMeHMe .llOOPH B rrpOBMHUHH YTpexT; ocTaTOK )KM3HH rrpO)KHJI B HH,lJ;epJIaH,lJ;aX,rrpaBMTeJIbCTBO KOTOPbIX OTKa3aJIOCb Bbl,lJ;aTb B. COI03HMKaM. ABTOP ~MeMyapoB 18781918~ (1922) H ~Mo51 )KH3Hb~ (1926). B 1931/32 rrpHH5IJI B CBOeM MMeHHH [ Iepanra, a B 1940 rrOCJIe B351TM5IepMaHCKHMH BOMr CKaMM Ilapaxca nanpasan A. [MTJIepy rrpMBeTCTBeHHYlo renerpavMy. C HaqaJIOM 2-M MHPOBOM BOMHbI HHTepHHpOBaH HeMeUKMMH BOMcKaMM, BOIIIe,lJ;IIIMMM B HH,lJ;epJIaH,lJ;bI. no npnxaay Inrnepa norpeoea B .lloopHe C OT,lJ;aHHeMBOMHCKHX no-recren, 119

BMJIb.ZJ:<i>OH XOXEH60PH (Wild von Hohenborn) A,n;OJIb<p (yuep 25.10.1925), repv, renepan neXOTbI. Hesaztonro ,n;onaxana BOHHbI aaanaxea HaqaJIbHHKOM Otimero nerrapraxenra Boennoro MHHHCTepCTBa. I10cJIe CMeHbI Bepxosnoro KOMaH,n;OBaHIDl19.10.1914 6bIJI naanaxen renepan -xsaprapaescreposr I10JIeBOrO feHIIITa6a. bJIH)KaHIIIMH COTpy,n;HMK nOMorn:HHK rea. H 3. C/JaJlblW1tlaU1ta. 24.1.1915 nasnasen npyccxaa BoeHHbIM MMHHCTPOM 2.8.1915 narpaacnen opnenosr Pour le Merite. 29.10.1916 nepeseaea B ,n;eHCTBYIOrn:yIOapMHIO M nOJIyqHJI B KOMaH,n;OBaHMe XVI AK. 11.1.1917 nOJIyqMJI3BaHMellIe<pa 152-ro nex. nOJIKa. 11.10.1918 nOJIyqHJI ztyrioasre BeTBH K op,n;eHy Pour le Merite, BMJIbCOH (Wilson) Ienpa 103 (5.5.1864, 3,n;)KeMoH,n;cBOPT, JIOHr<p0P,n;, 11pJIaH,n;M5I- 22.6.1922, JIOH,n;OH), 6apoHeT (1919), aHrJI. <peJIb,n;MaplllaJI (1919). B 1880-82 rrpezmpnnan HeCKOJI.bKOneyztaxmax nonsrrox nocrynars B aoenasre yqHrnnna B BYJIH,n;)Ke M Canztxypcre. B 1884 BCTynHJI JIeHTeHaHTOM B MHJIHIJ.HIOJIoHr<pop,n;a (6-H 6aTaJIbOH CTpeJIKOBOH6PHraznr). B 1886-88 CJIY)KHJI B Bnpxre, yqaCTHHK bHpMaHcKoH sxcnenanna 1885-87; nexoropoe BpeM5I COCT05lJIira cJIY)K6e B pa3Be,n;bIBaTeJIbHOM nenapraxenre Boenaoro MHHHCTepCTBa. OKOHqMJI AKa,n;eMHIO Iennrrafia (1894). B 1894-97 CJIY)KHJI B IIITa6e paaaeznca B BeJIHK06pMTaHHH. C 1.9.1897 6pHra.n;MaHop 3-H 6pHra,n;bI (c 18994-51 JIerKa5I). B 1899 nanpaanea B IO)KHYIO A<PPHKY, rzre caasana COCT05lJI B apMHH HaTaJI5I; B 1900-01 - npa fJIaBHOH xnaprape. B 1902-03 KOMaH,n;Hp 9-ro nex. 6aTaJIbOHa. B 1903-06 3aMeCTHTeJIb nonounnnca reaepan-azrsroraura fJIaBHOH KBapTHpbI. Oznroapeueaao, B 1904-06 zrapexrop IIITa6a zteacypcrn Boennoro MHHHCTepCTBa. B 1906-10 HaqaJIbHHK AKa,n;eMHH Iemurafia B KHM6epJIH. C asr. 1910 ztapexrop OT,n;eJIaaoeaasrx OnepaIJ.HH rrpn fJIaBHOH xnaprnpe, YCTaHOBHJITeCHYIOCB5I3bC<ppaHIJ;.Iennrrafioa. I1PH Mo6HJIH3aIJ.HH B asr; 1914 naanaxen nOMorn:HHKOM naxansHHKa IIITa6a Bparancxnx 3Kcne,n;HIJ.HOHHbIXCHJI. C ztex. 1914 rJIaBHbIH orpauep CB5I3H Me)K,n;y aHrJI. H <ppaHIJ.. rJIaBHbIMH xaaprapasm. C 22.12.1915 KOMaH,n;Hp IV AK. YqaCTBOBaJI B 605lx npn BHMH H na COMMe JIeTOM 1916. 1.12.1916 BHOBb sepHYJIC5Iaa nOCT orpauepa CB5I3H. B aaxane 1917 aanpannen B
120

POCCHIOBO rnase BoeHHoH MHCCHH. B <peBp. 1917 B03BpaTHJIBeJIHK06pHTaHHIO H B cenr. naanasen HaqaJIbHHKOM Bocroxnoro BO. B OKT. 1917 nanpaanen B Bepcans B xaxecrne 6pHTaHcKoro npe,n;cTaBHTeJI5I B BbIClIleM COI03HOM COBeTe. COBMecTHo C <ppaHIJ..rea. M. BeHraHOM paapatioran crparemqeCKHH nJIaH KaMnaHHH 1918. OH npeztycsrarpasan aHrJI. nacrynnemre B I1aJIeCTHHe, HO npn YCJIOBHH, qTO ,n;JI5InOH OnepaIJ.HH He 6y,n;YT npHBJIeKaTbC5I TOnOJIHHTeJIbHble CHJIbI H3 <l>paHIJ.HH H 11TaJIHH. C 19.2.1918 HaqaJIbHHK 11MnepcKoro Iennrratia M qJIeH Boeaaoro Ka6MHeTa. Ha 3TOM nocry B. OKa3aJIC5I qpe3BblqaHHO nOJIe3HbIM 6JIaro,n;ap51 YCTaHoBHBIIIHMC5I y Hero ,n;pY)KeCKHMOTHOlIleHM5IM C <ppaHIJ..nOJIHTHqeCKHMH H BoeHHbIMH ,n;e5lTeJI5IMH, TO YCTpaU5IJIO B03HHKaBIIIHe TpeHH5I q H cnoco6CTBOBaJIO e,n;HHCTBY,n;eHCTBHH. Bo BpeM5I repsr. naCTynJIeHH5I B MapTe - anp. 1918 10 anp. 3a51BHJI0 neofixozmMOCTH aarornrrs 06JIaCTb OT .llIOHKepKa,n;o Cea-Ovepa. B ztex. 1921 ssnnen B OTCTaBKY H B <peBp. 1922 H36paH qJIenOM IlapJIaMeHTa Cenepaoii 11pJIaH,n;HH. Y6HT reppopacraxa H3 11pJIaH,n;cKoH pecny6JIHKaHCKoH apMHH (11PA).
01 B

BMHKJIEP (Winckler) APHOJIb,n; <pOH (17.2.1856 24.7.1945), repss, renepan neXOTbI. B 1912 nasnaxen KOMaH,n;HPOM 2-H rBap,n;eHCKOHnex. ,n;HBH3HH,BO rnase KOTOPOHBbICTYnHJI B asr. 1914 na 3ana,n;HbIH <pponT. C 29.6.1915 KOMaH,n;Mp XLI peaepanoro, C 11.9.1915 - IV peaepnnoro (T.H. Kapnarcxoro) xopnyca, 27.11.1915 narpaxzteu opzrenoi« Pour le Merite, 10.8.1916 CMenHJI reno M. <pOHIanueuua na noCTY KOMaH,n;yIOutero 11-H apMHeH na 3ana,n;HoM <ppoHTe. 5.6.1917 3aMeHeH ren. K. <pOHIllmoidieuos« H Ha3naqeHKOMaHl(HpOM I AK. 15.6.1917 nOJIyqHJI ,n;y6oBble BeTBH K opzteny Pour le Mente. C 25.2.1918 KOMan,n;Hp XXV peaepsnoro xopnyca. BMHTYJIOB HHKOJIaH AJIeKCanl(pOBHq (27.1.1845 - ?), pyc. renepan OT KaBaJIepHH (6.12.1910). 113 ,n;BOP5lH.06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B I1a)KeCKOM xopnyce (1862). Bsmynren KOpHeTOM B JIeH6-rBap,n;HH KHpacHpcKHH Ero BeJIHqeCTBa nOJIK; C 1875 KOMaH,n;Hp3CKa,n;pOHaEro BeJIHqeCTBa. B 1880-89 KOMaH,n;OBaJI 14-M YJIaHCKHM BJIa,n;HMHpcKHM nOJIKOM, C 20.12.1889 - 1-H 6pHra,n;oH 12-H KaB. ,n;HBH3HH, 27.7.1891121

15.4.1893

- 1-H 6pHra,n;OH 1-H KaB. ,lJ;HBH3HH. C 20.11.1909

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HCPaJI ,lJ;JHI C06bIX rropY'ICHHH npa Ha'IaJIbHHKC YrrpaBJICHHH O rro PCMOHTHpoBaHHIO apMHH. 1.1.1911 Ha3Ha'ICH Ha'IaJIbHHKOM YrrpaBJICHHH rro PCMOHTMpOBaHHIO apMHH; O,lJ;HOBPCMCHHO C 25.5.1913 'IJICH COBeTa fJIaBHOrO yrrpaBJICHHH rOCY,lJ;apCTBCHnoro KOHH03aBo,n;CTBa (fYfK). B ero BC,n;CHHH6bIJIH CKOHll.CHTpHpOBaHbI see sonpocsr KOMrrJIeKTOBaHHH H norronnenaa pyc. apMlflf JIOIIIa,n;bMlf. 3.7.1915 YBOJICH OT CJIY)K6bI sa 60JIe3Hbl0 C MyH,lJ;lfpOM If neacneii, HO Y)Ke 26.7.1915 BHOBb npnaar na CJIY)K6y H Ha3Ha'IeH 'IJIeHOM COBeTa I'Yl'K. Ilocne OKT5I6pbCKOH PCBOJIIOll.lflf yexan na lOr Poccna. Y'IaCTHlfK DeJIOro zma)KCHlfR. B Mae - HOR6. 1920 KOMaH,n;OBaJIKOHHbIMlf 'IaCT5IMlf Pyc. apMlfH B KpbIMY.

BHPAHOBCKHM Ieopratr Hmconaeaax (111.1867 - ?), pyc. rCHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (29.4.1917). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIy'IHJI B 3-M AJIeKCaH,lJ;pOBCKOM y'IHJIH~e H HHKoJIaeBcKoH axazteMHH feHIIITa6a (1897). CJIY)KHJI B IIITa6ax 19-H rrex. ,lJ;HBH3HH, XII H IX AK, Ozteccxoro BO. C 26.1.1904 cTaplIIHH azrsIOTaHT IIITa6a O,lJ;eCCKOro BO, C 25.10.1904 Ha'IaJIbHHK IIITa6a 4-H CTpeJIKOBOH 6pHra,lJ;bI. C 1.6.1911 KOMaH,lJ;Hp 16-ro CTpeJIKOBOrO HMrrepaTopa AJIeKCaH,lJ;pa III rrOJIKa. Ilocne aa'IaJIa BOHHbI rrpHH5IJI KOMaH,lJ;OBaHHe nan 6pHra,lJ;OH 65-H rrex. ,n;HBlf3HH. 3a 60H 3-11.10.1914 y cena lIo,lJ;6Y)K aarpaxcnen Op,lJ;eHOM CB. Ieopraa 4-H crenenn (24.4.1915). 14.12.1914 Ha3Ha'IeH Ha'IaJIbHHKOM IIITa6a VIII AK. C 4.5.1916 KOMaH,lJ;ylO~HH 12-H rrex. ,lJ;HBH3HeH. 28.5.1916 OTJIH'IHJICR BO apeM5I HacTyrrJICHHR y ztepenna qepHbIH Ilorox H 6bIJI narpazc,n;CH Op,lJ;eHOM CB. Ieopr'aa 3-H creneua (4.8.1916). C 6.12.1916 H.,lJ;.Ha'IaJIbHHKa IIITa6a 6-H apMHH rea. B.H. Fop6amo8clwlO. Ilocne <l>eBpaJIbCKOH pCBOJIIOn;HH 2.4.1917 na3Ha'IeH KOMaH,lJ;ylO~HM II rBap,lJ;eHCKHM xopnycou 11- H apMHH. 19.8.1917 rrepesezteu B pesepa 'IHHOB npn IIITa6e KHCBcxoro, a 8.9.1917 - Ozteccxoro BO. Measure 'IeM sepea MeCRn; - 9.9.1917 - xorzta rrOCJIe BbIcTyrrJIeHHR rea. )I.f. Kop'HUJl08a OCB060,lJ;HJIOCb snroro KOMaH,lJ;HbIX rrOCTOB, B. 6bIJI Ha3Ha'IeH KOMaH,lJ;HpOM XXVI AK 9-H apMHH. C 23.10.1917 Ha'IaJIbHHK IIITa6a rrOMO~HHKa rJIaBHOKOMaH,lJ;ylO~ero apna51MH PYMbIHcKoro <PPOHTa.
122

BHPEH P06epT HHKOJIaeBH'I (25.12.1856 - 1.3.1917, KPOHUITa,n;T), pyc. a,n;MHPaJI(22.3.1915). CbIH Y'IHTeJI5I HCTOPHH (saTeM zmpercropa) OMCKOH mMna3HH. 06pa30BanHe rrOJIyqHJI B '" MOPCKOM y'IHJIH~e (1877), Mannoxr orpanepcxosr KJIaCCe (1884) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH MOPCKOH axaaevan (1899). CJIY)KHJI aa DaJITHKe, B 1885 - na 6poHeHocn;e «lIeTp BeJIHKHH~ H 6ponenocue 6epcroBoH ofiopoust «A,lJ;MHpaJI CrrHpH,lJ;OB~. 1.11.1891-17.4.1894 rrpenoztaaan MHnnoe ,lJ;eJIO BeJIHKOMY xna310 Ieopnno AJIeKCaH,lJ;pOBH'IY. C 17.4.1894 cTaplIIHH odianep tPperaTa «feHepaJI-A,n;MHPaJI~, C 14.5.1896 KOMaH,lJ;HpMHHonocaoro xpeiicepa -sflocanaaxe. 31.3.1897 Ha3Ha'IeH CTaplIIHM neJIOnpOH3BO,lJ;HTeJIeMfJIaBHOrO MopCKoro IIITa6a. C 2.8.1898 KOMaH,lJ;HpY'Ie6noro cyzma «BepHhlH~, C 13.3.1899 - 6poneHocn;a 6eperoBoH 060pOHbI «CTpeJIen;~. C 20.9.1900 <pJIar-KarrHTaH 6eperoBoro IIITa6a crapmero <pJIarMaHa. C 1901 KOMan,lJ;Hp KpeHcepa «DaHH~. Y'IaCTHHK pyc.-51rroHcKoH BOHHbl 1904-05. C 28.7.1904 <pJIar- xarnrraa a,n;MHpaJIa KHH351YXToMcKoro, B asr, 1904 KOMaH,lJ;OBaJIOT,lJ;eJIbHbIM OTPR,lJ;OM CY,lJ;OB, C 1.11.1904 a OT,lJ;eJIbHbIMOTPR,lJ;OM 6poHeHocn;eB H xpeiicepoa B Ilopr- ApTYpe. B 'IHCJIe npyrnx orpauepoa, 3a~H~aBIIIHX lIopT-ApTYP, B 1904 6bIJI B3RT B nnen 51rrOHn;aMH. B HIOHe 1904 narpazctea op,lJ;eHOMCB. Ieopraa 4-H crenena, Ilo B03Bpa~eHHH H3 nneaa 26.6.1906 Ha3Ha'IeH MJIa,nIIIHM tPJIarMaHOM qepHoro MOP5l· C 2.10.1906 Ha'IaJIbHHK yqe6Ho-apT. OTpMa DaJITHHCKOro <pJIOra. B 1907 B. Ha3Ha'IeH H.,lJ;.rJIaBHOrO KOMaH,nHpa Hepnoxropcxoro <pJIOTa,B 1908 nsezten B COCTaB A,n;MHpaJITeHCTB-coBeTa. C 16.2.1909 rJIaBHbIH KOMaH,lJ;HpKPOHIIITa,n;TCKoro nopra H BOeHHbIH rytiepnarop KpoHIIITa,n;Ta. CTpeMHJICH K rrOMep)KaHHIO crpororo nopamca H ,n;HCn;HrrJIHHbI,yJIy'IIIIHJI noztroronxy cnen;HaJIHCTOB <pJIOTa. 3aKOJIOT IIITbIKaMH na 5IKOPHOH nnontaaa
KpoHIIITa,n;Ta yTpOM 1.3.1917.

BOrAK KOHCTaHTHH JilrrrrOJIHTOBH'I (3.8.1859 - ?), pyc. rCHCpaJI OT KaBaJIepHH. 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIy'IHJI B HHKOJIaeBCKOM KaB. y'IHJIH~e H HHKOJIaCBCKOH aKa,lJ;CMHH feHIIITa6a (1884). 8.11.188426.1.1888 rrOMO~HHK crapmero azrstoranra IIITa6a BHJICHcKoro BO. 5.9.1887-23.9.1888 xoxranztap 3CKa,n;pona 9-ro ztparyncxorc EJIHCaBeTfpa,lJ;CKOrO rrOJIKa; 3aTCM IIITa6-0<pHn;cp ,nJI5IrropY'ICHHH npa IIITa6c II AK. 20.10.1889 B.
123

naanasea MJIa,ll;IIIHM ,l(eJIOnpOH3BO,l(HTeJIeM KaHll;eJI~pHH Boeano-yseaoro KOMHTCTa fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a, pa60TaJI no BOnpOCaM, CB~3aHHbIM C paaaeznasarensaoii ,l(e~TeJIbHOCTbIO aa ,llaJIbHeM BOCTOKe. C 20.2.1893 BoeHHbIH arear B KHTae H 5InoHHH, C 17.1.1896 no 29.5.1903 - TOJIbKO B KHTae. PYKOBO,l(HJI C03,l(aHHeM areHTYPHoH cern pyc. BoeHHOH paasezaca, XOT~ OC06bIX ycnexon na 3TOM nonpmue HC ,l(OCTHr. BXO,l(HJI B T.H. Be306pa30BCKYIO KJIHKY - He<popMaJIbHOe 06be,l(HHeHHe JIHl(, ssrcrynanIIIHX aa aKTHBH3al(HIO HacTynaTeJIbHOH nOJIHTHKH POCCHH B MaHb'l:>KYPHH Herrponyvaanue ,l(eHCTBH~ ~KJIHKH»- BO MHorOM CnpOBOl(HpOBaJIH Ha'laJIO pyc-xnonoxon BOHHbI 1904-05. 24.3.1905 naanasea BoeHHbIM areHTOM B JIOH,l(OHC. C 202.1907 reaepan ,l(JI~ nopyseamt rrpa Ha'laJIbHHKe feHIIITa6a. 15.4.1909 rrepesezrea B pacnopazcenae Ha'laJIbHHKa feHIIITa6a. B 1910 BblIIIeJI B oTcTaBKY; 06JIa,ll;M IIIHpOKHMH CB~3~MH B BbICIIIHX crpepax, B. ncxope 3aH~JI nOCT napesropa Cpennexanxaacxon :>KeJIe3HOH ,l(OporH. Ilocne aaxana BOHHbI, xorzta Ha'laJIOCb <popMHpOBaHHe OnOJI'ICHCKHX 'IaCTeH, B. 11.10.1914 6bIJI Ha3Ha'leH KOMaH,l(HpoM I OnOJI'IeHCKoro rcoprryca co IIITa6-KBapTHpoH B Mocxse. BCIO BOHHY 3aHHMaJIC~ <pOpMHpoBaHHcM OnOJI'IeHCKHX 'IaCTeH H nOnOJIHeHHH ,l(JI~ ,l(eHcTBYIOIneH apMHH. 110 npnKa3Y rJIaBHOKOMaH,l(YIOll(erO BOHcKaMH MOCKoBcKoro BO B HO'lb C 1.3.1917 B. nepeztana BC~ rpa:>K,l(aHCKM BJIaCTb B MOCKBe. B. TaK:>Kenepenaasr lf3 nO,l('IHHCHH~ rpanonaxansnmca nee 'IaCTH ~6bICTporo pearaposanass - xasaxn, nOJIHl(H~ H ztp, B. ,l(eHCTBOBaJI xpaiiae naCCHBHO If HHKaKHX xrep He npezmpnaaMaJI. OCTaBaJIC~ na CBoeM nOCTY zto 9.8.1917.

BOtiPIII (Woyrsch) PeMYc <pOH (2.9.1847, Ilnnscmrn, CHJIe3H~ - 6.8.1920), repsr. reHepaJI-<peJIb,l(MapIIIaJI (1917). B anp. 1866 BCTynHJI B 1-H rBap,l(eHcKHH nex. nOJIK; JIeHTeHaHT (1866). C 1873 nOJIKOBOii azrsioranr, C 1876a,ll;bloTaHT 2-ii map.ll.eHcKoH nex. 6pHra,ll;bI. B 1878-79 H 1882-89 CJIY:>KHJI reHIIIB rarie. B 1879-82 KOMaH,l(Hp POTbI, B 1889-92 - 6aTaJIbOHa I-ro fBap,l(eHCKOro nex. nOJIKa. B 1892 -94 Ha'laJIbHHK IIITa6a VII AK B 1 894-96 - rnapnencxoro xopnyca C 1896 KOMan,l(Hp rBap~ ztencxoro <pY3HJIepHOrO nOJIKa, C 1897 - 4-H nex. 6pHra,ll;bI, C 1901 - 12-ii ,l(lfBH3Hlf, B 1903-10 - VI AK. B 1911 BblIIIeJI B oTcTaBKY· Ilpa M06HJIH3al(HH 2.8.1914 aasnasen KOMan,l(HpoM
u

ClfJIe3CKOro aaaaaepnoro xopnyca (2 naansepasre ,l(HBH3HH H 72 opynax), paasepayroro na BpeCJIaBJIbCKOM nanpaanenaa H HaXO,l(HBIIIerO~ B oneparaeaoa nO,l('IHHeHHH 8-ii apMlfH rea. M. Ilpumeuua yuJ racjJ¢poll. I1rpM CB~3yIOInYIO pOJIb Me)l(,lly repu. H aBCTpO-BeHrepcKHMH BOHcKaMH, xopnyc B., npesocxo~ no CBOHM 60eBbIM Ka'leCTBaM aacrpo-senrepcxae BOHcKa, nOCTO~HHO HCnOJIb30BaJIC~ KOMan,l(OBaHHeM ,l(JI~ rroztztepacica ,l(eiiCTBHii COI03HHKa. Ilpn nJIaHHpOBaHHH CBOHX onepanaii B 1914 ascrpo-aenrepcxoe KOMaH,l(OBaHHe OTBO,l(HJIOxoprrycy B. sanaxy otiecneseuna HacTynJIeHH~ 1-H H 4-H apMHii Me:>K,l(y BHCJIOH H Byron. B xozte raJIHl(HHCKOH 6HTBbI 1914 xopnyc B. 22 asr. HanpaBJICH na YCHJIeHHe npasoro <pJIaHra 1-H ascrpoaenrepcxoji apMHH. 28 asr; (9 cear.) KOPnyC, BMeCTe C ascrpoBeHrepCKHMH BOHcKaMH, norepnen T~:>KeJIOe nopazceaae H 6bIJI BbIHY:>K,l(eH orcrynars, norepan npaKTH'IeCKH BCIOapTHJIJIeplfIO 4-H JIaH,l(BepnOH ,l(HBH3HH H 5 TbIC. 'IeJI. IIJIenHbIMH. 25.10.1914 aarpazctea Op,l(eHOM Pour Ic Merite. 3.11.1914 aa 6a3e xopnyca passepayra apxreiicxaa rpynna ~BOHPIII»-. K ana, 1915 eMY, KpOMe JIaH,l(BCpHOro xopnyca, 6bIJIH B OIIepaTHBHOM OTnOIIICHHHIIO,l('IHHeHbI 1-~ (rea. B.,l!allKJlb) H 2-~ (ren 3. EeM-3pMoAU) aBCTpO-BeHrepCKHC apMHH. CaM JIaH,l(BepHbIH KOpIIyC (KOTOpbIM reneps KOMan,l(OBaJI renepan-neiirenanr r. <pon KeHHr) COCTO~JI H3 3-H (renepan-neirrenairr <pOH PHCC) H 4-H (reHepaJI-JIeHTeHanT <pOH Berepep) nauaaepnsrx ,l(HBH3HH H JIaH,l(aepnoii ,l(HBH3JIH reHepaJI-JICHTenaHTa <pon BpC,l(OBa. BIIOCJIe,l(CTBHH ,l(eiiCTBOBaJI co CBoeH rpYIIIIOH B CHJIe3HH H Ilonsnre B COCTaBe repa, BOCTO'lHOrO rppoura 23.7.1915 nOJIyqHJI ,l(y6bsue BeTBH K opzieay Pour le Merite, B KOHl(e HIOH5t 1916 rpynIIa B. (XXV peaepansni, III H XXII aacrpo-searepcxae KOpIIyca, III repa. naaztaepasrii KOpIIyC; ncero OK. 82 6aTaJIbOHOB H 248 0PY,l(HH) paCIIOJIaraJIaCb IIpOTHB 4-H pyc. apMHH 3aIIa,ll;HOro <ppoHTa (paiion BapanOBH'IeH), rzte IIJIaHl1pOBaJIOCb nanecTI1 rJIaBnbIH yziap pyc. rppoara. YCIIeIIIHbIMI1 ,l(eHCTBH~MH copBaJI IIOIIbITKY npopsrsa rpponra, yztepzcas n03Hl(HH H naneca 60JIbiliOH ypon IIpOTI1BHHKy. Onaoapeveano 29.8-31.12.1916 rJIaBHOKOMaH,l(YIOInlIii rpynrroii apMlIii «Boapnr», coaztanaoii ,l(JI~ cTa6I1JIH3al(HII nOJIO:>KeHH~na <ppoHTe IIOCJIe IIOpa:>KenH~ aBCTpO-BeHrepCKHX BOHCK B XO,l(C BpYCHJIOBCKOro IIpOPbIBa 11 BCTyIIJIeHH~ B BOHHY PYMbIHHH. 15 12.1917 YBOJIeH B OTCTaBKy. 125

124

I1rrnoJIMT llayOT MH¢aHTepMM (14.4.1913). 06pa30BaHMe nOJIy'IMJI B 1-M llaBJIoBcKOM Y'IMJIMI~e H HMKOJIaeBCKOll axanexaa feHIIITa6a(1882). C 22.9.1891 Ha'IaJIhHMK lIITa6a Benaepcxoii xpenocra, C 2.10.1892 - 20-ll, C 22.8.1894 - 38-ll rrex. ,lJ;MBM3MM. 26.3.1898 KOMaH,lJ;Mp150-ro C nex. TaMaHCKOro rrOJIKa. C 30.4.1900 Ha'IaJIhHMK IIITa6a XVII AK. C 20.5.1902 OKPY:>I<HOll eaepan-xaaprapsreiicrep r urraoa BOllCK raapztaa M Ilerepoyprcxoro BO. 26.10.1905 nepeaeztea B pacnopazceaae rJIaBHOKOMaH,lJ;yIOI~ero BOllcKaMM raapznra M Ilereptiyprcxoro BO. 6.4.1904 nOCTaBJIeH BO rnase 4-ll rrexorHOll ,lJ;HBM3MM. 5.5.1912 Ha3Ha'IeH KOMaH,lJ;MpOM 1 XIV AK, BO rnase xoroporo OCTaBaJICH nO'ITM,lJ;O KOH~a BOllHhI. B HIOJIe 1914 B COCTaBxopnyca BXOJJ:MJIM 18-H nex. ,lJ;MBM3MH 2-H CTpeJIKOM BaH 6pMra,na. B OKTH6pe 1914 narpascten Op,lJ;eHOM CB. Ieopraa 4-ll CTeneHM. TOJIhKO nOCJIe <l>eBpaJIhCKOll peBOJIIO~MH BO apeMH'IJfCTKH asrcurero KOMaH,lJ;HOrO COCTaBaB. 19.4.1917 6hIJI CHHT C nOCTa H 3a'IHCJIeH B pesepa 'IHHOB rrpa nrraoe )lBHHcKoro BO, a Y)Ke 4.5.1917 YBOJIeH OT CJIY)K6hI no rrporuemno C MyH.ZJ;MpOM M rrencaeit. Ilocne OKTH6phCKOll peBOJIIO~HH nocryrnor na CJIY)K6y B PKKA. Ero 6paT: JleOHH,lJ;ITaYJIHHOBM'I (1.6.1861 - ?), renepan-nefiTeHaHT (10.4.1911). 06pa30BaHHe nOJI)"IHJI B 1-M llaBJIoBcKOM Y'IMJIHme H HMKOJIaeBCKOll aKa,lJ;eMMM Iennrrafia (1886). C 15.2.1900 Ha'IaJIhHMK BHJIeHcKoro nex. ionxepcxoro )"IMJIHmao C 16.3.1904 Ha'IaJIhHMK eoennsrx c006meHMll BHJIeHcKoro BO. Y'IaCTHMK pyc.-arroacicofi BOjIHhI 1904-05, C 28.9.1904 na'IaJIbHMK soeaasrx co06~eHMi1: 2-ll MaHb'I)KYPCKOll apMMM. I10cJIe OKOH'IaHMHBOllHbI 10.8.1906 Ha3Ha'IeH ,lJ;MpeKTOpOM HM)KeropO,lJ;CKoro rpadia Apaxseesa xaztercxoro xopnyca M OCTaBaJICHaa 3TOM nocry zro 1917.

BOHIIIMH-MYP,llAC-)KMJIMHCKMH JIMHOBM'I (6.4 1856 - 7), pyc. renepan

19.7.1914 Ha3Ha'IeH Ha'IaJIbHMKOM Hi. <l>HHJIHH,lJ;CKOll CTpeJIKOBoll6pMra,nbI, C KOTOPOll YllIeJI na <pPOHTB COCTaBeXXII AK. 24.9.1914 nepesenea na IIOCT Ha'IaJIhHMKa 3-ll <l>MHJIHH,lJ;CKOll CTpeJIKOBOll 6pHra,lJ;bI, KOTopaH 12.5.1915 6bIJI passepnyra B ,lJ;MBM3MIO' TJIM'IMJICH B 60HX npn )KypaBMHe M na Crpsme. O Ilocne <l>eBpaJIbCKOllpeBOJIIOQMMB. 22.4.1917 B03rJIaBHJI XLIV AK 7 -ll apMMH. B Mae 1917 xopnyc 6hIJI nepeaan B COCTaBOco60H apMMM. H nepetipomen na YKpaHHY. B OKT. 1917 Ha'IaJI YKpaHHH3aQMIO xopnyca H OCTaBaJICHBO rnane aroro <P0PMHPOBaHHH B apMHM ~YKpaMHcKoll zrepzcaasr» reruaaa Il.Il. CKOPO-

naocxozo.
BOJlO,l(qEHKO HMKOJIall Iepacaxoaas (20.11.1862 - He panee 1945), pyc. renepan-neiirenanr (13.6.1915). 06pa30BaHHe IIOJlY'IHJI B MliXaiiJlOBCKOM apr, Y'IHJlMme (1883) M HHKOJIaeBCKOll aKa,neMMH Ieunrrafia (1892). Bsmymen B 1-10 pesepBHylO apr, 6pIIra,lJ;Y. C 26.11.1892 CTapllIHH a,nbIOTaHTnrratia 2-H KaB. ,lJ;HBH3IIII,C 18.4.1899 - urrafia BHJIeHCKOro BO. C 26.1.1901 nrrao-odianep ,lJ;JlH IIopY'IeHIIll npa KOMaHJJ:YIOmeMBOllcKaMM BMJleHCKOro BO, C 20 7.1902 Ha'IaJIbHMK urrafia 2-ll xan. ,lJ;MBH3MM. Y'IaCTHHK pYC.-HIIOHCKOH BOHHhI 1904-05: C 19.10.1904 Ha'IaJIbHIIK 3TanOB 2-ll MaHb'I)KYPCKOH apMHII. 3a 60eBble OTJIH'III5I narpaxnea 30JlOThIM opY)KMeM (1906). Ilocne OKOH'IaHH5I BoiiHbI 27.10.1905 Ha3Ha'IeH Ha'IaJIbHHKOM urrafia 3aaMypCKoro oxpyra OT,lJ;eJlbHOrOxopnyca IIOrpaHM'IHOH CTPa)KM. Ilocne rrposeztemra M061IJIM3aQMM 2.8.1914 nonyxan 6pMra,ny 3-H )lOHCKOii Ka3a'IbeH ,lJ;MBM3MM, 26.4.1915 KOMaH,lJ;YlOmMH C 16-ii KaB. ,lJ;MBM3MeH. o BpeM5I npopsrsa ascrpo-repa. B soiicx rea, A. <pOHMaxenseua B paiione fOpJIMQe- TapHOB B anp. 1915 B03rJIaBMJI CBO,lJ;HhIHKaB. xopnyc 3-H apMMM (7-H, 16-» KaB. H 2-» CBO,lJ;HO-Ka3a'Ih»,lJ;MBM3MH).Iloczre <l>eBpaJIhCKOll pesoJIIOQMM7.4.1917 Ha3Ha'IeH KOMaH,lJ;MpOM XLVI AK OC060H apMHM. Ilocne BbICTYIIJIeHM» rea, JI.r KOpllWLOOa 9.9.1917 sasreHHJI ren. <l>.E. OlOPOOllU1WOa na nOCTY rJlaBHOKOMaH,lJ;yIO~ero apMH»MII IOro-3ana,nHoro <ppoHTa. Hoene npaxozta K BJIaCTH 60JlhmeBMKoB 26 OKT. nonien B COCTaB<pPOHToBoro KOMMTeTa cnacenaa peBOJlIOQMM.5 Ho»6. B Bepznerese nOJ(nHCaJIcornanreHMe CYKpaMHcKoH Pa,noii, no KOTOPOMY nepenan non ee ynpaBJIeHMe ThIJIOBbIe paiionsr rpponra, Ilocne saxsara 60JlbmeBHKaMM l27

BOJIK060H Ilerp MMPOHOBM'I (26.6.1859 -1918, KMeB), pyc. reaepan-nenreaaar (13.11.1915). 06pa30BaHMe IIOJIY'IMJI B qyryeBcKoM nex. IOHKepcKoM y'IMJIH~e. KOMaH,lJ;OBaJI OTOll, P 6aTaJIbOHoM. Y'IaCTHMK pyc.omoacxoa BOllHhI 1904-05. C 3.10.1907 KOMaH,lJ;Mp amxaasnorapcxoro peaepnaoro 6aTaJIhB OHa, C20.4.1910 - ,lJ;HCJloQMpoBaHHoroB Ilerepfiypre 147-ro nex. Casrapcxoro IIOJIKa 37-ii nex. ,lJ;MBH3HH. Ilpa M06MJIM3aQMM
126

COJI,Z(aTCKHX KOMHTeTOB B apMHRX <ppoHTa 24 HOR6. C,Z(aJI OK MaH,Z(OBamle, B ,Z(eK.1917 nOKHHYJI CTaBKY H yexan B Oaeccy 3aTeM 3MHrpHpOBaJI na .llaJIbHHH BOCTOK. B Mae 1945 :>KHJIB Xap6HHe.

BOJIbCKMM CHfll3MYH,Z( BHKTOPOBHq (30.3.1852 - ?), pyc. renepan OT HH<paHTepHH (26.5.1917). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B 1- M IIaBJIoBcKOM ysnnarne. C 7.5.1901 KOMaH,Z(Hp13- ro JIeH6rpenazrepcxoro 3pHBaHcKoro nOJIKa, C 21.6.1905 - 1-H 6pHra,Z(bI38-H nex. ,Z(HBH3HH,C 11.3.1906 - 2-H 6pHra,l(bI KaBKa3CKOH rpenaaepcsoa ,Z(HBH3HH,C 8.8.1907 HaqaJIbHHK 1-H KaBKa3CKOH CTpeJIKOBOH 6pHra,l(hl. 12.3.1908 rrepesenen na BOeHHO-a,l(MHHHcTpaT~BHYIO pa60TY H naaaaxea BoeHHbIM ryriepnaropcsr Kapccxoil 06JIacTH. C 24.6.1908 BoeHHbIH rytiepnarop .llarecTaHcKoH 06JIaCTH. 17.3.1915 B. aaana-rea r JIaBHbIM HaqaJIbHHKOM KaBKa3CKoro BO, B ero no,Z(qHHeHHH OKa3aJIHCb rsmoasre qaCTH H X03RHCTBO sroro oxpyra, 06eCneqHBaBIIIero <PYHKU;HOHHpOBaHHe KaBKa3CKOH apMHH. IIocJIe Cl>eBpaJIbCKOHpeBOJIIOU;HH BO BpeMR qHCTKH BbICIIIero KOMCOCTaBa9.4.1917 YBOJIeH OT CJIY:>K6bI a 60JIe3HbIO C MyH,Z(HpOMH neHCHeH. a BOPOHIJ;OB-.ll:AlliKOB I1JIJIapHOH I1BaHOBHq (27.5.1837, Ilerepoypr - 15.1.1916, Anynxa), rpadi, pyc. renepan OT KaBaJIepHH (30.8.1890), reaepan-amaoraar (19.2.1875). O'z(HH H3 KpynHeHIIIHx 3eMJIeBJIa,l(eJIbU;eB POCCHH, BJIa,Z(eJIeu; 60JIbIIIOrO qHCJIa npOMbIIIIJIeHHbIX npennpaaraa, 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B MOCKOBCKOM YHHBepcHTeTe. CJIY:>K6y nasan B 1856 B JIeH6-rBap,Z(HH KOHHOM nOJIKY; xopner (1858). YqaCTHHK BOenasrx 'z(eHcTBHH na KaBKa3e B 1859-62, B 'Iypxecraae B 1865. C 28.10.1866 nOMOIlIHHK ryfiepuaropa TypKeCTaHCKOH 06JIacTH. 3a 60eBble OTJIHqHR BO BpeMR noennsrx ,Z(eHcTBHHnarpazc,Z(eHopztetroxr CB. Ieopras 4-H CTeneHH (1867). 15.10.186721.10.1874 KOMaH,Z(HpJIeH6-rBap,Z(HH Iycapcxoro nOJIKa, O,Z(HOBpeMeHyHo 2~10.1873-21.10.1874 KOMaH,Z(Hp2-H 6pHra,l(bI 2-H rBap,Z(eHCKOHKaB. ,Z(HBH3HH.C 21.10.1874 no 23.7.1878 aasansHHK IIITa6a raapaeitcxoro xopnyca, onaospeaenao BXO,Z(HJI B COCTaBKOMHTeTa no YCTPOHCTBYH 06pa30BaHHlo BOHCK(27.101.12.1894) H B COBeT Drasnoro ynpaBJIeHHR rocyztapcrnenaoro KOHH03aBO,Z(CTBa (1.12.1874-12.10.1878). Bo BpeMR pyc.vryp.
128

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BOHHhl 1877-78 KOMaH,Z(OBaJI KaBaJIepHeH Pyntyxcxoro orpazta (BO rnase orpaaa CTORJIHaCJIe,Z(HHK npeCTOJIa, 6Y,Z(YlllHH axmeparop Anexcannp III). 12.10.1878-8.4.1881 HaqaJIbHHK 2-H fBap'z(eHcKoH nex. ,Z(HBH3HH. IIocJIe BOCIIIeCTBHR na npeCTOJI Anexcaanpa III 1.6.1881 aaaaaxen rJIaBHoynpaBJIRlOllIHM rocynapcrsenasra KOHH03aBO,Z(CTBOM, 17.8.1881 TaK:>KeH MHHHa CTPOM HMnepaTOpcKoro zraopa H y,Z(eJIOB,KaHU;JIepOM POCCHHCKHX Ilapcxnx H Hsmeparopcxax op,Z(eHOB.O'z(HH H3 6JIH:>KaHIIIHX ,Z(pY3eHAJIeKCaH.l(pa III. 6.5.1897 oCB060)K.l(eH OT,Z(OJI:>KHOCTH rJIaBHoynpaBJIRIOIu;erO H MHHHCTpa H naaaaxea qJIeHOM Iocyztapcraeaaoro COBeTa. IIoCJIe BOCCTaHOBJIeHHRnOCTa HaMeCTHHKa aa Kasxase 27.2.1905 aaanaxeu HaMecTHHKoM, rJIaBHOKoMaH'z(YIOIu;HM BOHCKaMH KaBKa3CKoro BO H BOHCKOBbIM HaKa3HbIM aTaMaHOM KaBKa3cKHx Ka3. BOHCK. XOPOIIIHH aztMHHHcrpaTOp, B. MHOfO c,Z(eJIaJI,Z(JIR pa3BHTHR KaBKa3a. C aaqaJIOM BOHHbI, 30.8.1914 naana-ren rJIaBHOKOMaH'z(YIOIlIHM KaBKa3cKoH apMHeH. K HaqaJIY BoeHHbIX ,Z(eHcTBHH apMHR BKJIlOqaJIa I KaBKa3CKHH (20-51 H 39-51 nex. ,Z(HBH3HH;renepanJIeHTeHaHT [3. EepXMau) H II TYPKecTaHcKHH (4-51 H 5-51 TypKeCTaHCKHe CTpeJIKOBhle 6pHra,l(bI) AK, a TaK:>KesropoosepenHYIO 66-10 nex., 2 Ka3. ,Z(HBH3HH H,Z(p.qaCTH (scero 153 6aTaJlbOHa, 175 COTeH, 12 canepnsrx POT, 350 nOJIeBbIX OPY,Z(HH; B. 170 TbIC. C xen.). APMHR samnrana <pPOHTOT Hepaoro MOPR,Z(Oosepa YpMHR (720 KM) If eH CTaBHJIHCb saztaxa: ynepscan, :>KeJIe3HYIO ztopory EaKY- BJIa.l(HKaBKa3 H Boenao- fpY3HHCKYlO nopory TH<pJIlfC- BJIa,Z(HKaBKa3, 060pOHRTb EaKY If He ,Z(onYCTHTb nORBJIeHM TYp. BOHCKna KaBKa3e. YqaCTHR B paapaoorxe onepaU;HH H PYKOBO,Z(CTBe BOHcKaMH npaxrasecxa He npHHHMaJI, nepezras KOMaH,l(OBaHlfeapMHeH rea, A.3. MbIUlJlaeBCKOMY, a nocJIe ero CMeIu;eHHR - rea, H.H. IOaeuu'IlY. B Be,Z(eHlfH B.-.ll. cocpe,Z(oTOqHJIHCb sonpocsr TbIJIa apsraa. Onnaxo necxorpa aa 3TO, 15.7.1915 6bIJI narpaxnea op,Z(eHOM CB. Ieopraa 3-H CTeneaa. 23.8.1915 oCB060)K.l(eH OT KOMaH,Z(OBaHHRapMHeH H nasaasen aa CneU;HaJIbHO ,Z(JIRHero yqpe:>K,Z(eHHYIO ,Z(OJI:>KHOCTb «COCTORTbnpa Oc06e Ero BeJIHqeCTBa~.

BPAHfEJIb IIerp HHKOJIaeBHq (15.8.1878, HOBo-AJIeKcaH'z(POBCK KOBeHcKoH ry6epHHH - 22.4.1928, EpIOCCeJIb, Bensraa), 6apoH, reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (22.11.1918). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIy5 Kro 6bV1
lITO 8

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129

qHJI B fOPHOM HHcTHTyre, no OKOHqaHHH KOTOpOro B 1901 BCTYnHJI BOJIbHOOnpe.ll:emUOII\HMC$IB JIeii6-rBap.ll:HH KOHHblii nOJIK. C.lI:aJIodnntepcxne 3K3aMeHbI na orpanepa rsapnaa npa HHKOJIaeBCKOM KaB. yqHJIHII\e (1902), OKOHqHJI HHKOJIaeBcKYIO BOeHHY!? aKa.ll:eMHIO (1910). YqaCTHHK pyc.-anoncxofi BoiiHbI 1904-05, BO BpeM$I xoropoii KOMaH.lI:OBaJI ornea 2-ro Apryncc xoro Ka3. nOJIKa 3a6aiiKaJIbCKOii Ka3. .lI:HBH3HH.B $IHB. 1906 nepeseaea B 55-ii ztparyncxaii <DHHJI$lH.lI:CKHiinOJIK. B asr, 1906 BHOBb BepHYJIC$I B JIeii6-rBap.ll:HH KOHHblii nOJIK. C 22.5.1912 BpeMeHHO KOMaH.lI:YlOmHii, 3aTeM KOMaH,l{Hp 3CKa.npOHa Ero BeJIHqeCTBa, BO rnane xoroporo BCTynHJI B MHPOBYIO BoiiHY. C 12.9.1914 HaqaJIbHHK HITa6a Ceoznro-xasaxsea .lI:HBH3HH,a C 23 cenr, nOMOmHHK KOMaH,l{Hpa Jleii6-raap,l{HH KOHHoro rronxa no crpoeaoii qaCTH. 3a 60H B 1914 O.ll:HHMH3 nepasrx pyc. o<pHnepos 6bIJI narpaacaeu opneaox CB. Ieoprna 4-ii CTeneHH (13.10.1914), 13.4.1915 narpascren Ieopraescxmr opY)f(HeM. C 8.10.1915 KOMaH,l{Hp I-ro Hepsaacxoro nOJIKa 3a6aiiKaJIbCxoro Ka3. BoiicKa. C 24.12.1916 KOMaH,l{Hp 2-ii, 19.1.1917 -l-ii 6pHra.nbI YccypHiicKOH: KOHHOii ,l{HBH3HH. 23 $IHB. B. aaanasen BpeMeHHbIM KOMaH,l{YlOmHM YccypHiicKOii KOHHOii .lI:HBH3HH,C 9 HIOAA - KOMaH.lI:YlOmHM7-ii KaB. .lI:HBH3Heii, C 10 HIOJI$I- CBO.ll:HbIM KaB. sopnycox. 24 HIOAA no nOCTaHOBJIeHHIO,l{YMbI KOPnyca narpascten COJI.lI:aTCKHM Ieopraeacsax KpeCTOM 4-ii CTenenn 3a OTJIHqHe rrpa npHKpbITHH OTXO.ll:aneXOTbI K JIHHHH C6pyra 10-20 HIOJl$l. 9 cenr. B. nOJIyqHJI Ua3UaQeHHe KOMau.lI:HpOM III xonnoro xopnyca, no T.K. 6bIBiliHii l<OMaH.lI:YlOmHii ren. IT.B. Kpacnoe ne 6bIJI cssetuerr, B KOMaH.lI:OBaUHeHe BCTYnHJI. IToCJIe Oxratipscxoti peBOJIlOqHH B. OTnpaBHJIC$I aa ,l{ou, rzte npHCOe.ll:HHHJlC$IK araaany ren. A.M. Kaneouio), KOTOPOMY nOMOraJI B <pOpMHpoBaHHH ,l{OHCKOH: pMHH. ITocJIe caMoy6Hiia CTBa Kaneznma B. 28.8.1918 ncryrran B pansr ,l.{06POBOJIbqeCKoii apMHH. C 31 anr, KOMaH,l{YlOmHii 1-ii Kouuoii .lI:HBH3Heii, C 15 HO$l6. - I KOUUbIM KopnYCOM,.c 27 ztex. - ,l.{06POBOJIbqeCKOii apMHeii. 10.1.1919 B. Ha3HaQeU KOMaU.lI:YIOll.(HM Kamcaacxoii ,l.{06POBOJIbqeCKOMapMHeii. C 26.11.1919 KOMaU.lI:YIOII\Hii ,l.{06POBOJIhqeCKOii apMHeii H rJIaBHOHaqaJIbCTBYIOll.(Hii XapsxoncKoii 06JIaCTblO. 20 ztex, BBH.lI:Ypacrpopxcaponaana apMHH 3aqHCJIeH B pacnopaaceane rJIaBUOKOMaU.lI:YlOmero BCIOP. 8.2.1920 H3-3a pa3UOrJIaCHii C rea. AJ1. Ilenuxuuus« YBOJIeH B oTcTaBKY.
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IToCJIe OTCTaBKH Zleaaxana, no peIIIeuHIO 60JIbiliHUCTBa BbICnrero KOMaH.lI:UOrOCOCTaBa BCIOP. 22.3.1920 naanaxea rnasUOKOMaU.lI:YIOII\HMBCIOP C 11 M~ - Pyccrcoii apMHeii. Cocpe.lI:OTOqHBee B KpbIMY, nepemerr B nacrynnemre na ceaep, HO norepnen aeyztaxy H 14 UO$l6. 6b1JIBbIHY)f(.lI:eHBMeCTe C apMHeii 3BaKYHpoBaTbC$I B TypqHIO. B 1924 C03.l1:aJI POBC, 06'be.ll:HUHBmHii 6eJIylO BoeuHYIO 3MHrpaqHlO.

BY,l( (Wood) JIeonap.ll: (9.10.1860, YHHqeCTep, Hsio-XexrnIIIHp - 7.8.1927, BOCTOH), aMepHKaucKHii renepan. Csnr spaqa. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B rapeapncxofi Me.ll:HqHUCKOii IIIKOJIe (1880). B 1885 1I0ctynHJI na CJIY)f(6y B apxnno no KOUTpaKry YqaCTBOBaJI B nOCJIe.ll:HHX KPynHoMacIIITa6Hblx soeaasrx onepauaax npOTHB Hlf.lI:eiiqeB (KOTOpbIMH PYKOBO.ll:HJIl.{)f(epo, If HMO). COCTO$lJIJIHqlfbIM apaxou npeannenra ClIlA Y MaKKHnJIH (1897 -1901). YqaCTlfHK assepmcano- acnancicoa BoiilfbI 1898, KOMaH.lI:OBaJIl-ii: .lI:06POBOJIbqeCKOii KaB. 6pHra.noii (2-M KOMalf.ll:YIOII\HM 6bIJI 6Y.lI:ymHii npeaanenr T. PY3BeJIbT). 3aTeM B03rJIaBHJI 2-10 KaB. 6pHra.ny. B xonne BoiilfbI B. aasnasea BOelflfbIM ryoepnaropov Ky6bI H OCTaBaJIC$I 3TOMnocry .lI:O1902. na IT03)f(e B. 6bIJI UaqaJIbnHKOM <DHJIHnnHlfCKoro oxpyra (.lI:HBH3HH), a 3aTeM BOCToqlfOrO oxpyra (nenapraaenra), B 1910 B. CT<lJ1lfaqaJIblfHKOM IIITa6a apuna ClIlA. Ilpoaenenasre B. pe<pOPMbIapMHH (B ztyxe xonnenuna ~M06HJIbHOii apMHH~) noztroTOBUJIH ee K BCTynJIeHHIO B BOlhlY B 1917. B 1914 aaxrenen ren. ,l.{. Ilepiuunzou H nasnaxen naqaJIblfHKOM BOCTOqHOrO nerraprasreara. PYKOBO.ll:HJInonroroaxoii K BoeHHbIM .lI:eiiCTBHRM 89-H U 10-H: .lI:IIBI13UH. B 1921 nsnuezr B OTCTaBKY I1 naaaasea reHepaJI - rytiepnaropov <DI1JIHnnI1H. BYKOrnq 5IHKO (18.2.1866, qeBo, Hepaoropax - 4.2.1924, Benrpaa), -repnoropcxaii .lI:HBH3bRlfap (1.2.1914). ITOCJIeOKOlfqalflm fHMHa3I1U BCTynI1JI B 1881 .lI:06POBOJIbqeMB xepaoropcKI1e BoMCKa. OKOnqHJI nex. yarep-odnnrepcxyro IIIKOJlY B 11TaJIHH, B 1886 - noeanyro IIIKOJIYB Monene (11 TaJIHR). B 1886 BCTYnI1JI nO.ll:KOMaH.lI:HpOM xepnoropcxyro nexory B 1905-14 qJIelf B Iocynapcrsenaoro COBeTa. Ilpa peoprannaauaa xepnoropcxoa apMI1I1 B 1910 nOJIyqUJI nOCTKOMalf.ll:Hpa l-ii .lI:UBI13UI1. o BpeMR B BaJIKaHCKOH BOHlfbI 1912-13 KOMalf.ll:OBaJI3ana.ll:HbIM OTPMOM
5'

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M B03rJIaBJI5IJI nrraf Bsrcnrero KOMaH.llOBaHM5I, B DaJIKaHCKYIO BOHHY 1913' - na cepocxo« <ppoHTe KOMaH.llOBaJI qepHoropcK0!i .llMBM3IIeH. HeO.llHOKpaTHo BXO.llIIJI B COCTaBpa3JIMqHblX MMCCMM, B r.a, B zteneramno llO 3aKJIIOqeHMIO Byxapecrcxoro MMpa 1913. C 25.4.1913 BoeHHblH MMHMCTP M npeztceztarens Cosera MIIHMCTPOB Hepnoropaa (BO BpeM5I BOHHbl OCTaBUJI llOCT soemroro MUHUCTpa U naanaxea MIIHUCTPOM UHOCTpaHHblX zten) , reaepana.n.'bIOTaHTcepzrap. C HaqaJIOM BOHHbI - KOMall.llYIOmuM IepueroBMHCKUM OTPR.llOM,C cepezraasr OKT. 1914 - CaHu;aqCKMM OTP5I.llOM. B ztex, 1914 rrpaBIITeJIbCTBO B. BblIIIJIO B OTCTaBKY. Koraa CTaJIO51ClIO, TO norepa Hepaoropaa Heu36eiKHa, HU1WJlaU I BMeq CTe C rrpaBMTeJIbCTBOM M CKYrrmMHOH rroKIIHYJI CTPaHY, nepeztas B. BCIO nonnory BJIaCTH M naanaxaa ero 3.1.1916 HaqaJIbHMKOM IIITa6a Bepxosnoro KOMaH.llOBaHMR qepHoropMM. 21 51HB.noztrrUCaJI KarrHTYJIRU;MIOxepaoropcxax BOHCK H 6blJl mrrepnapoBall. 23.4.1919 nepesenen B 06'be.llHHellHYIO 10rOCJ1aBcKYIO apMUIO C qUHOM renepana, C 1.8.1920 CJIYiKHJI B IIITa6e 2-H apMeHcKoH 06JIaCTH, 3aTeM KOMaH.llMp III )'Ma.n.MCKOM Bocancxofi .llMBU3HH onnsrx 06JIaCTeM. B 1926 npoasaeaea B renepansr apMHH. C 1927 qJIeH Boenaoro COBeTa.

BYPM (Wurrn) Benuens <PoH (27.2.1859, KapOJIMHeHTaJIb, 6JIH3 I1paru - 21.3.1921, Beaa), 6apoH (16.8.1917), ascrpo-aeurepcxaa reHepaJI-rrOJIKOBHHK (11.8.1917). CbIH 06ep- JIeHTeHaHra. 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI B BeHcKoM TeXnHqeCKOM BoeHHOM aKa.n.eMHH( 1879) M AKa.n.eMHH Iennrratia ( 1885). CJIYiK6y aaxan 24.4.1879 JIeiheHaHTOM I-ro IIHiK. rrOJIKa CJIYiKHJI B IIITa6ax 58-H H 24-M rrex. 6pMra.n.. C 1894 CJIYiKHJI B 75-M rrex. rrOJIKY,a 3aTeMaa-ransmrx IIITa6a 14-H rrex . .llHBH3MH B I1pec6ypre. C MaR 1897 KOMaH.llHp 76-ro rrex. rrOJIKa. C arrp. 1900 HaqaJIbHHK IIITa6a V AK (I1pec6ypr). C OKT. 1906 KOMaH.llUP 37-M (I1JIb3eHb), C HIOJI5I 1907 - 156-M rrex. 6pMra.n.bI. B <peBp. 1910 naanasea KOMaH.llHPOM 19-M rrex . .llHBM3HM B I1JIh3ene. C <PeBp. 1914 KOMaH.llUp XVI AK B Paryse. C HaqaJIOM BOMnbI ero xopnyc, nepefipoureaasm sepea Caanxax K YBaqy, BOIIIeJI B COCTaB6-M apMuu rea, O. Ilomuopexa. B cerrr, <pOpCUPOBaJIL(PUHY M 3aXBaTMJI BaiKHbIM crpa-TeruqeCKUM nymcr - 5Iro.llHY. B 1914 xopnyc B. 6blJI HaM60JIee ycrreIIIHblM H3 BceM ascrpo-nenrepcxoii apMMU, .lleMCTBOBaBIIIeM rrpOTUB Cepfian. YqaCTBOBaJI B 605lx rrpOTMB cepficrcnx BOMCK,
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BIIJIOTb.110pasrpoaa cep6CKOM apMMu B 1915-16. I10CJIe scrynJIeHM5IB BOMHY I1TaJIMM xopnyc B. 23.5.1915 6blJl nepeoponren B CMPMMIO M pa3BepHJT sarrazmee Iepua rro p. 1130HUO. B MapTe 1917 cnan KOMaH.llOBaHMexopnycoss rea, P Kpamrsexy 23.8.1917 naaaaxea KOMaH.D.YIOmMM1-M apMueM ~1130HU;0~. B H05l6. 1917 B COCTaB ero apMHM BX0.llMJIM VII (<peJIb.llMapIIIaJI - JIeMTeHaHT Lllfapnnep <pOHPeHM) M XXIII (<peJIb.llMapIIIaJI- JIeHTenaHT rpoa KCMKcepMKc) AK, a raxace 4-51(<peJIb.llMapIIIaJI- JIeMTenaHT I1<p:<p<pep), 14-51 (reaepan-vaiiop <pOHIlleane), 33-51 (reaepan-aairop I1BaHcKu), 58-51 (<peJIb.llMapIIIaJI-JIeMTeHaHT 3. Ileiiztnep <pOH Iepu), 63-51 (reaepan-xiafiop <pon COpeTMq) rrex. M 13-51 CTpeJIKOBaR ( <peJIb.llMapIIIaJI -JIeMTenaHT <pon Ka3JIep) .llUBU3MU, 106-51 .llMBU3M5I nannurrypaa (renepan-uailop KpaTKM) M rapnnaon <l>pMYMe (<peJIb.llMapIIIaJI-JIeMTenaHT <pon I1IIITBanOBMq). {).1.1918 1-51 apMM5I ~1130nu;0~ 06'be.llMnella co 2-M B onny apMMIO ~1130HU;0~ BO rnane C B. B MIone 1918 BO BpeM5I nacrynnemIR na I1b5lBe apMM5I B. 6blJla .llOCTaTOqnO CMJIbHOM,B nee BXO.llMJIM XVI (rea. nexorsr P KpaJIMqeK), IV (ren, A. IlIifli6ypzXapmenuuneiao, VII (rea neXOTbI Illapaneprpon Perra) M XXIII (renepan neXOTbI <pOH KCMKcepMK.c) AK. OCTaBaJICR BO rnase apMMM.110xpynreaaa ascrpo-aearepcxoro <ppoHTa M B H05l6. 1918 BblIIIeJI B OTcTaBKy.

fAHTEHOB BaJIepMaH MMXaMJIOBMq (12.2.1855 - 7), pyc. renepan OT apTMJIJIepMM (6.12.1916). 06pa30BaHMe rrOJIyqMJI B~ 2-M KOllcTaHTMHoBCKOM ysanarue. YqaCTnMK pYC.-51rrOHCKOM BOMHbI 1904-05. C 28.5.1905 KOMaH.llMP 10-M BOCTOqnO-CM6MPCKOM CTpeJIKOBOM apr, 6pMra.n.bI, C 2.7.1905 - 3-M apr. 6PMransr. 23.11.1908 naanaxeu naqaJIbllUKOM apTMJIJIepMM XI AK, a 6.2.1910 rrepesezrea na aHaJIOmqHYIO B rpenanepcxmi KOPrryc. C 24.7.1910 mrcnexrop apTMJIJIepMM rpenanepcxoro KOprryca. 31.12.1913 aaanasea naqaJIbnMKOM 0<pMu;epCKOM apr. IIIKOJIbI, PYKOBO.llMJIrrO.llrOTOBKoM cpennero KOMaH.llnor_? asena pyc. apTMJIJIepHM. I10JIb30BaJICR B BOMCKax perrYvTaU;HeM.:'IHaIOutero apTUJIJIepUCTa. 5.10.1914 aaanaxen ira CBOU crapsm rrOCT nacnercropa apTMJIJIepMH rpenanepcxoro xopnyca. 23.4.1915 f. CTaJI naqaJIbHUKOM 42-M rrex . .llMBM3MU, no yzce 10.5.1915 B rpeTUM paa BepnyJICR B rpenanepcxait xopnyc, 28.3.1916 aaanasen nncrrexropoa apTUJIJIepI1H apMHH Cesepaoro <pponTa.
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fAJIJIHEHH (Gallieni) )l(03e<p-CuMoH (24.4.1849, CeHBea, Bepxaaa Iaponaa - 27.5.1916, Bepcans), xapurax cI>paHl{UU (1921, nOCMepTHo). 06pa30BaHue nOJIyqUJI B Cea-CapcKOll soennofi IllKOJIe. CJIYIK6y aaxan B 1870 JIellTeHaHToM MOPCKOll neXOTbI. YqaCTHUK <ppaHKo-npyccKoll BOllHbI 1870-71. 3aTeM 3aHUMaJI a,n:MUHUCTpaTUBHbIe ,n:OJIIKHOCTU KOJIOHU5IX B (Maporoco, TOHKUH, Ceaeran). B 1877-81 yqaCTBOBaJI B soenno-reorparpauecxoit sxcrreaauan no BepXOBb5lM Harepa, C 1886 KOMaH,n:YIOIl{Ull BOllCKaMU B Cyztane, C 1891 - 3Kcne,n:Ul{UOHHbIMU BOllCKaMU B TOHKuHe, PYKOBO,n:UJI noztaaneuaea TOHKUHcxoro BOCCTaHU5IB Jlancone, B 1896-1905 reaepan-rytiepnaTOp Maaaracxapa, PYKOBO,n:UJInonasneaaea BOCCTaHU5Ixpynneiimero nJIeMeHU ocrposa - rosa. Ilocne 3aH5ITU5I CTOJIUl{bI Maztaracxapa ,n:06uJIC5IBKJIIOqeHU5Iocrposa B 30HY <ppaHl{. BJIU51HU5I,BbITeCHUB aHrJIO-aMepUKaHl{eB. 3aTeM KOMaH,n:OBaJI XIII U XIV xopnycava. C 1908 - qJIeH Bucnrero soennoro COBeTa. B anp. 1914 BbIIlleJI B OTCTaBKY,npn 3TOM npaaarensCTBO nOCTaHOBUJIO aa sacnyra CqUTaTb zto KOHl{a IKU3HU na soennoa cJIYIK6e. ABTOP BoeHHO-UCTOpUqeCKUX pa60T, B T.q. ~3Kcne,n:Ul{u5I no Harepy» (1885), ~IlYTeIllecTBu5I BO <ppaHl{. Cynan» (1885), ~.llBe KaMnaHUU B Cynane» (1886-88) U ztp, Korzta nasanacs noiiaa, IKUJI B CBoeM UMeHUU. C npnfinazceHueM repsr. apMull K CTOJIUl{e BoeHHhlll MUHUCTP A. MeCCUMU 06paTUJIC5I K )1(. )/(oq}(j;py C npe,n:JIOIKeHUeMC03AaTb cneuaansHyIO apMHIO ,n:JI5I060pOHbI Ilapazca, 26.8.1914 Meccnua, He ,n:OIK,n:aBIllUCb OTBeTa )l(o<p<ppa, Ha3HaqUJI f. BoeHHbIM rytiepnaTOPOM Ilapazca U KOMeH,n:aHTOM KpenOCTU C nenocpencraemrsm no,n:qUHeHUeM ero npaBUTeJIbCTBY; MUHY51rJIaBHOKOMaH,n:YIOll{eroo Omroapeneano Meccasra nOTpe60BaJI BbI,n:eJIeHU5I3 KOPnYCOB ,n:JI5I 60POHbI Ilapnxa. KOH<pJIUKT C )l(0<P<PPOM BbI3BaJI 0 nazrenae xafinaera U BoeHHbIM MUHUCTPOM 6bIJI aaanasea A. Maxsepaa, a r. 6bIJI 1 cear, nepenezren n noasnneaae )l(o<p<ppa. Iapnnaoa Ilapnaccxoii KpenOCTU (4 YKpenJIeHHbIX JIUHUU C22 rpopraua a St pe,n:YTOM) COCT05lJIU3 5,5 TeppUTOpUaJIbHbIX ,n:UBU3Ull U MOPCKOll 6pura,n:bI. 1 cenr. B nozrnmenae ,n:JI5I 060POHbI CTOJIUl{bI 6bIJIa nepeaaaa 6-51apMU5I rea, )1(. M01-lYPU, YCUJIeHHM IV AK U3 COCTaBa3-ll apMUU. 2 cear, npaBUTeJIbCTBO nOKUHYJIO Ilapazc U ropozt OCTaJIC5IB nOJIHOM rrozrsnnenaa B 3HaqUTeJIbHOll CTeneHU 51BJI5IeTC5I TBOPl{OM «qy,n:a aa Mapae» (CM. B crarse 0 )l(o<p<ppe). OH pacxozmnca C )l(0<P<PPOM OTHOCUTeJIbHOnpeaeaa nepexona B nacrynneaae, CqUTa5I, qTO rJIaBHOKOMaH,n:YIOIl{Ull yrrycxaer BbIrO.l(HbIll MOMeHT. B HOqb na 4 cerrr, rro.nyxan CBe.l(eHU5I,qTO 1-51 repxr. apMU5I npoxoznrr _ MUMO Ilapnaca, B 10 q yrpa 06paTUJIC5I K )l(o<p<ppy C IIpe.l(JIOIKeHueM ,n:BUHYTbapMUIO MOHYPU BO<pJIaHr repsr. apMUU. Bonpexn cYll{eCTBYIOll{eMY nOJIOIKeHUIO 06 060poHe xpenocren, He n0605lJIc5I nozt CBOIOJIUqHYIO OTBeTCTBeHHOCTbrroztzrepscars HaCTyrraBIllYIO rppaau, apsono BOllCKaMU U3 rapHU30Ha IlapnIKa, rrpUqeM ,n:JI5I CKopeHU5I BbICJIaJI nx nnepezt na peKBU3UpOY BaHHbIX aaronannnrax (B T.q. na TaKcu). C 30.10.1915 soenHbIll MUHHCTP B Ka6HHeTe A. Bpaana, AKTUBHbIll CTOPOHHHK YCTaHOBJIeHU5Ie.l(UHCTBa KOMaH,n:OBaHU5I.lleKpeToM 3.12.1915 . )l(o<p<ppy BBepeHO BepXOBHoe KOMaH.l(OBaHue ncefi <ppaHl{. apMuell na ncex <ppoHTax, B qeM HeCOMHeHHM sacnyra r. 17.3.1916 H3-3a T5IIKeJIOH 60JIe3HM OCTaBMJI nocr MMHMCTpa. ASTOP «Meayapos» (1926).

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fAJIbBHD;, I'anr.anu <pOH .llpellJIHHr (Gallwitz von Dreyling) MaKC-KapJI-BuJIbfeJIbM (2.5.1852, Bpecnay 28.4.1937, Heanons, l1TaJIM5I), repx. renepan apTUJIJIepHH (4.11.1911). B 1870 scrymrn B 9-H apr, nOJIK; JIellTeHaHT (1872).
YqaCTHMK <ppaHKo-IIpYCCKOll BOHHbI 1870-71. B 1877-80 yqMJIC5I S BoeHHoH aKa,n:eMMM. C 1882 6pMra,n:HhlH a,n:'bIOTaHT11-H nOJIeBOH apr, 6pMra,n:bI. B 1883-86 M 1891-95 CJIYIKUJIB Iemnratie, B 1887-90 - B BoeHHOM MMHUCTepCTBe. C 1890 KOMaHnap 6aTapeM 27 -ro apr, nOJIKa, C 1895 - apr. ,n:HBU3HOHa l l-ro apr. rrOJIKa. C 1897 HaqaJIbHMK OT.l(eJIaBoennoro MMHHCTepCTBa. C 1899 KOMaH.l(Mp 76-ro apr, nOJIKa, C 1901 - 29-ll nonesoit apr. 6pHra,n:bI. C 1903 zmpexrop Zlerrapraueara aoemroii a,n:MMHUCTpaUUUU3aMeCTUTeJIb rrpe.l(CTaBHTeJI5IBoennoro MHHHCTepCTsa B Byazrecpare. C 1906 HaqaJIbHHK 15-ll .l(HBM3MH.4.11.1911 nasaasen ancnexropov IIOJIeBOll apTHJIJIepHM. Ilpa M06HJIH3al{MH 2.8.1914 naana-rea KOMaH,n:HpOM rsapneiicxoro peaepsnoro KOpnyca B COCTaBe2-ll apMMM. 19-25 asr. PYKOBO.l(MJI 351THeM6eJIbB rHllCKOll KperrOCTU HaMIOp (rapHH30H CB. 37 TbIC. xen .• C IIO,n:qHHeHUeM eMY XI AK 3-H apMMH). B351JIKpeIIOCTb, rrpHMeHMB aTaKY OTKPbITOll CUJIOll IIpH MOIl{HOH nonztepsoce ocaznroii apTHJIJIepHH xpyrmsrx KaJIH6pOB. B CB5I3MC T5IIKeJIbIM rrOJIOIKe135

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HlfeM repsr. BoifcK na BOCTOqHOM <ppoHTe xopnyc 6blJI nepe6pollleH B paiion Ma3YPCKlfX 60JIOT. C 9.2.1915 KOMaHl~ylOmlfM apMeMcKoM rpyrmoii -sfansaan» (III AK If KaB. nanaana), pa3BepHYToM B paiione Consztay If 06ecneqIfBaBllleM TblJl 10-iI If 8-iI apMlfM B paiione Ma3YPCKlfX 60JIOT OT B03MOiKHOro yztapa 12-M pyc. apMlflf C tora. I', CTpeM5ICb lfCnOJIb30B~Tb ycnex repxr, BOMCK B ABryCTOBCKOM onepauaa, 11 <peBp. 3aHM Ilpacasnn, O,Z{HaKO yace 14 <peBp. ero soiicxa 6WIlf ortipomerrsr C rrorepeii 10 TbIC. xen. K KOHUY lflOH5I ero rpynna pa3BepHYJIaCb na <pPOHre B 140 KM OT Porossr (paiion Muurannaj no BlfCJIbI (TIJIOUK) If BKJIIOqana 177 TbIC. qeJI. npn 1255 opynaax, 30 lflOH5I (13lfIOJI5I) ha'ffiJI nacryrrxenae aa Ilpacrrsmr, HO HeCMOTp51na ycnenrnyro apr, no.n;rOTOBKY, cuor 1< KOHUY,Z{H5I nO,Z{OMTlf TOJIbKO KO 2-M JIlfHlflf OKonOB. 5( 18) lflOJI5I npexparan onepanmo, ,Z{06lfBumcs JIlflllb roro, qTO OTTeCHlfJI pyc. BOMCKa K Hapesy 10(23) lflOJIR aTaKOBaJI pyc. noaauaa y POiKaH H <PoPCHPOBaJI Hapes: B TOT iKe ,Z{eHb aTaKOBaJI TIYJITYCKYIO npe,Z{MOCTHyIO n03HUHIO H K 12(25) lflOJI5I BbIHy.n;lfJI pyc, BOMcKa OTOMTH na JIeBblM 6eper Hapena. O,Z{HaKo <pOpclfpoBaB Hapen, f. CTOJIKHYJIC5IC MOmHOM 060POHOiI pyc. apMHM, qeMY crrocoocrsosaaa 60JIOTHCTa5I MecTHOCTb MeiK,Z{y Hapeaosr If 3ana,l{HblM Byrosr, If 6bIJI BblHYiKAeH OCTaHOBlfTb nacrynnenae. 7 aar, apMeMCKa5I rpynna npeofipa30BaHa B 12-10 apsono. 24.7.1915 narpaacaea opneaou Pour le Merite. 22 cenr, nOKHHYJI nOCT. C 30.9.1915 KOMaH'z{YlOmHM 11-M apMlfeM, npennaanasemrof ,Z{JI5I oeHHbIX ,Z{eMcTBlfM npoB TlfB Cepfiaa nozt o6mlfM KOMaH.n;OBaHHeM A. <poH Maxeuseua. 10 H05l6. 3aH5IJI Hmn (rae paauemanacs BpeMeHHM CTOJIlfua Cep6HH) If coenananca C 1- M 60JIrapCKOiI apMlfeM. 24.3.1916 cztan KOMaH,Z{OBaHlfe apMlfeMlf nepesenea na 3ana,l{HbIM <pPOHT, rzre B03rJIaBHJI 3ana,l{HYIO rpynny repx, BOMCK,'z{eMCTBOBaBlllYIO non xpenocrsto Bepztea na JIeBOM 6epery Maaca. B anp+-vae rpynna f. 6bIJIa YClfJIeHa 3HaqlfTeJIbHbIM qlfCJIOM T5IiKeJIbIX H CBepXT5IiKeJIbIX fiarapefi. B resenae 3-MeC5IqHbIX 60eB f. CMor OBJIa,l{eTb BaiKHbIMlf B cacrene <ppaHU. 060pOHbI BbICOTaMlf 304 If MOpT-OMM. C 19.7.1916 KOMaH'z{YlOmlfM 2-M apMlfeM (o6pa30BaHHoM rrpn paaztenenna apMlfH rea. <l>. <pOH Benoeai, 06'be'z{lfHlfBllleM ,Z{eMcTBlf51repa. BOMCK ioaoree COMMbI. O,l(HOBpeMeHHO C 19 lflOJI5I no 28 anr, 1916 KOM~ylOmlfM rpyrrrroii apMlfM ~fanbBlfU~ na COMMe. 17.12.1916-27.9.1918 KOMaH,l(y-

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IOmlfM5-M apMlfeM. 17.4.1918 nonysan 'z{y6oBble aerna K opneay Pour le Merite. 27.1.1918, He OCTaBJI5I5I KOMaH,Z{OBaHlfe apsraeii, B03rJIaBlfJI rpynny apMlfM -sfansnnu» (5-51 apsma H apuericxoe ynpaanenae ~C~; ncero 24 ,l(lfBlf3lflf), 'z{eiIcTBoBaBlllYIO B paiione Bepziena aa <ppoHTe OT Apronn no M03eJI5I. 'Bo BpeM5I CeH-MlfeJIbCKOM onepauaa (12-15.9.1918) no noaauaau 060pOH5IeMbIM 7 HerrOJIHbIMlf ,Z{lfBlf3lf5lMlf npa 560 0PY,Z{lf5lX, HaHeCJIlf yzrap asreparcaacxae noiicxa, lfMeBmae na aanpanneaaa rJIaBHOrO yztapa 60JIee qeM BOCbMlfKpaTHOe npeaaymecrao. 3a 4 ,l(H5I norepan 400 OPY,Z{HMlf OK. 16 TbIC. qeJI. rrJIeHHbIMlf (aaepaxanuu norepana 7 TbIC. xen.). Bo BpeM5I otimero aacryrrnenaa COlO3HlfKOB 1918 ira noanUHH apuaa rrplfXO,Z{lfJIC5I rJIaBHbIM ynap na aanazmosr 6epery Maaca B nanpasnenaa Apronn, HaHoclfMbIM1-H axepaxaaCKOM If 4-M rppaau, apMlf5lMlf. ITepBOHaqaJIbHO cssor oT6lfTb aTaKH aMepHKaHCKHX BoiIcK II K 20 OKT. JIlllllb He3HaqllTeJIbHO OTBeJICBOlf BOMCKa 6.12.1918 BbIllleJI B OTCTaBKy.B 1920-24 qneH Peiixcrara OT HeMeUKoM HaUlfOHaJIbHOM napozmoa napraa, ABTOP MeMyapoB ~Mo51 xasrnaaaa B MlfpOBylO BOMHY 1914-16 (EeJIbfH5I-BoCTOK-EanKaHbI)~ (1929), ~)leiIcTBlf51 na 3ana,l{e 1916-18~ (1932).

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fAMHJIbTOH (Hamilton) 51H Craazram MOHTeflO (16.1.1853, OCTPOB Kop<py - 12.10.1947, JIOH'z{OH), aHfJI. rrOJIHblM reaepan (1906). Ofipasoaanae nonyxan B KOJIJIe'z{iKeBeJIJIlfHITOHa If B Iepssaaaa, a raiose B Caaaxypcre. Hasan CJIYiK6y B H05l6. 1873 B Ca<p<pOJIKCKOMrrOJIKY (HpJIaH,Z{lf5l), HO B TOM iKe rozty rrepemen B xaMJIeH.l{epCKlliI rrOJIK Iopzroaa. YqaCTBOBan B noeaasrx ,l(eMCTBlf5IX B A<praHllcTaHe (1878) If IOiKHOM A<pPlfKe, npasesr B 6010 npa Maiofia (1881) 6b1JI HaCTOJIbKO T5IiKeJIO panen, qTO nancerna JIlfllllfJIC5I B03MOiKHOCTlf anazters O,l(HOMPYKOM. 3aTeM ,Z{OJIfOeBpeM5I CJIYiKlfJI B HH,Z{lflf B nrratie fJIaBHOKOMaH,l(YlOmefO <l>pe'z{eplfKa Pofieprca, BMeCTe C KOTOpbIM B rpesp. 1882 BepHYJIC5I B AHrJIlflO. YqaCTHlfK HlfJIbCKOM 1884-85 If ElfpMaHcKoM 1886-87 3Kcrre'z{lfUlfM. B srn rO,Z{bI
rr03HaKOMlfJIC5I C POYJlUllC01l0M, C KOTOPbIM OHlf CTaJIlf llllfMlf ,Z{PY3b5lMlf. B anr, 1895 naanaxen rrOMOmHlfKOM paa-xsaprapaeacrepa B HH,Z{lflf; B 1897 rr03HaKOMlfJIC5Ilf 3HJIC5I C Y. qepqlfJIJIeM. C 1897 KOMaH,Z{lfp 6plffa,Z{bI; B

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1898 )"IacTBOBaJI B BoeHHbIX zreiicranax B AcpfaHMcTaHe. C Map'ra 1898 HaqaJIbHHK CTpeJIKOBoii: IIIKOJIbI. B OKT. 1899 naanasea KOMaH,ZI;MpOM7-ii: 6pHfa,Zl;bI M OTnpaBJIeH B IO:>I<HYIOACPPMKY. Bo BpeM5I aHfJIO-6YPCKoii: BOii:HbI 1899-1902 KOMaH,ZI;OBaJI 6pMfa,Zl;0ii: rrpn ocazte JIe,Zl;MCMHTa. B naxane 1901 nepesezten B BeJIMK06pMTaHMIO M naana-ren HaqaJIbHMKOM KOMaH,ZI;HOfO OT,ZI;eJIa oennoro MMHMcTepcTBa, HO B KOHIJ.erona B03BpaTMJIB C5I B ACPPHKY na nOCT HaqaJIbHHKa IIITa6a rea. f. Kumueuepa. IIo OKOHqaHHM BOii:HbI nasnaxen renepan-icsaprapueticrepoa Boennoro MMHMcTepcTBa C uasana 1904 BoeHHbIii: npe,Zl;CTaBMTeJIb aHfJI. KOMaH,Zl;OBaHM5I anoncxoii ,ZI;eii:cTBYlOmeii: npa apMHH. ABTOP KHHm ~3anHcHa5I KHM)KKa IIITa6Hofo otpanepa», B 1906-09 HaqaJIbHMK Cesepnoro BO, C HIOH5I 1909 - feHepaJI-a,ZJ;bIOTaHT Boenaoro MMHHcTepcTBa M 2-ii: qJIeH Boennoro COBeTa;xypnpoBaJI nonpocsr KOMnJIeKTOBaHH5I apMMM. B sro BpeM5I )"IacTBOBaJI B nOJIeMHKe, B03HHKIIIeii: no nOBO,Zl;Y npeMMymecTBa,Zl;06pOBOJIbHOii: M 06513aTeJIbHoii: CJIY)K6bI, npa-reu 51BJI5IJIC5I CTOPOHHMKOM nepsoa. C OKT. 1910 reaepan -aacnexrop KOJIOHMaJIbHhIXBOii:CK, C 15.7.1914 - BOii:CK BHYTpeHHeii: 060pOHbI BeJIHK06pHTaHMM. Korna nasanacs aoiina, ero KaH,ZI;H,ZI;aTypa paCCMaTpMBaJIaCb aa nOCT KOMaH,ZI;YlOmefOBpMTaHcKMMH SKCne,Zl;MIJ.MOHHbIMMMJIaC MH. Ho BbI60p 6bIJI OCTaHOBJIeHua <DpeHqe, a nOJI)"IMJI ,ZI;OJI)KHOCTb fJIaBHOKOMaH,ZI;YlOmefO Boii:cKaMM BHYTpeHHeii: 060poHbI. Ilocne TOfO, KaK npe,Zl;npMH5ITa51 aHfJIO-cppaHIJ.. CPJIOTOM .ll. /I.e Po6e1Ca 15.3.1915 nonsrnca CPOpcMpoBaTh Zlapnanenm« OKOHqMJIaCbHeY,ZI;aqeii:, bIJIO npMH5ITO peIIIeHMe npOM3BeCTMBhI6 Ca,ZJ;KY ,ZI;eCaHTa faJIJIMnOJIM M 6bIJI aaanaxea HaqaJIhHMKOM na ,ZI;eCaHTHOfO xopnyca (aHfJI. M CPPaHIJ.. nex. ,ZI;MBM3HM, aacrpanaiicKO-HOB03eJIaH,Zl;CKMii: xopnyc, 3 6PMfa,ZJ;bI aHfJI. MOPCKOii:neXOTbI H rpeaecxaii ,ZI;06POBOJIbqeCKMii: JIemOH; scero OK. 81 ThIC. qeJI. npa 178 °PY,ZI;M5IX),cofipanaoro aa OCTpOBe JIeMHoc; B peaepse B Erarrre HaXO,Zl;MJIMCbHfJI. H 2 MH,ZI;Hii:CKMx ex. ,ZI;MBH3MM. a n IIo,Zl;,ZI;ep)KKY ocymeCTBJI5IJI COI03HbIii: CPJIOT Pofiexa. YTpOM 25 anp. .lle cY,ZI;anO,Zl;OIIIJIHK nYHKTaM Ha3HaqeHM5I. Typ. soiicxa OKa3aJIM O)KeCTOqeHHOeconpOTHBJIeHHe, HO OCHOBHOii:H BcnOMOfaTeJIbHblii: ,ZI;eCaHThI MOfJIM 3aKpenHTbC5I na 6epery, norepas 3a 2 ,ZI;H5I C OK. 18 ThIC. xen. Kpoxre TOfO, CMJIhl cpJIOTaHe OKa3aJIH peIIIaIOmeii: nOMep)KKM. <DaKTMqeCKM BbICa,ZJ;Ka aKOHqHJIaCb KaTaCT3 porpoa, HOBa5I BbICa,ZJ;Kapoaaaeztena 7.8.1915 B 6YXTe CYBJIa. n

BhlCa,ZJ;Ka pOIIIJIa Y,ZI;aqHo:7-8 anr, BbICa,ZJ;HJIOCb 10 ThlC. xen., n OK. a 3aTeM M OCTaJIbHble CMJIbI. O,Zl;HaKO,ZI;aJIhHeii:IIIee npO,Zl;BH)KeHMe Bf.1Iy6b nonyocrpoaa BCTpeTMJIO ynopHoe conpOTMBJIeHMe ryp, BOii:CK. B OKT. 1915, BBM,ZI;Y 60JIbIIIMX noreps B 605lx M OT 60JIe3Heii:, npaBMTeJIhCTBO 3anpOCHJIO MHeHMe 0 )KeJIaTeJIbHOCTM sBaKyaIJ.MH. IIocJIe TOfO KaK pe3KO BbICKa3aJIC5I npoTMB sBaKyaIJ.HH faJIJIMnOJIM, OH 6bIJI 3aMeHeH rea. q. Monpo. COlO3Hoe KOMaH,ZI;OBaHMeY)Ke B H05l6. npMH5IJIO peIIIeHMe 06 OCTaBJIeHHH nnanzrapna. 3BaKyaIJ.M5I npO;XO,Zl;HJIa npa He3Ha'lHTeJIhHOM conpOTMBJIeHMH TYPOK M 3aBepIIIMJIaCh 9.1.1916. COlO3Hble aoiicxa nOTep5lJIM B XO,Zl;e Zlapnanennscrcoa onepaIJ.MMCB. 146 TbIC. xen. (B T.q. anrnn-rane - OK. 120 TbIC. xen.). B 1918-20 JIop,Zl;-JIeii:TeHaHT Tayapa. IIocJIe n05lBJIeHM5I ,ZI;OKJIa,ZJ;a Zlapnanennscxoa KOMMCCHM H3,Z1;aJI csoe onacanne OnepaIJ.MM - ~faJIJIHnOJIMii:cKMii: ,ZI;HeBHHK~ (B 2 TT., na aHfJI. R3b1Ke, JIOH,ZI;OH,1920).

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fAH,l(YPHH MBaH KOHcTaHTMHOBMq (4.7.1866 - nOCJIe 1942), pyc. renepan-xeiireaanr (13.6.1915). 06pa30BaHHe noJIyqMJI BO 2-M KOHCTaHTMHoBCKOM )"IMJIMme M HMKOJIaeBcKoii: aKa,ZJ;eMHM feHIIITa6a. YqaCTHMK pyc.-anoacxoii BOii:HbI 190405. C 15.12.1904 KOMaH,ZI;Hp 13-ro BOCTOqHO-CM6MPCKOfO cTPeJIKOBOfO nOJIKa. 13.6.1906 aaanasea KOMeH,ZI;aHTOM HMKOnaescxoa KpenOCTH. C 15.7.1910 KOMaH,ZI;Hp1-ii: 6PMfa,ZJ;bI49-ii: nex. ,ZI;MBM3MM, 26.10.1912 - 1-ii: 6PMfa,ZJ;hl29-ii: nex. ,ZI;MBM3MM. C nOCJIe npOBe,Zl;eHM5I M06MJIH3aIJ.HM 29.7.1914 naanasea KOMaH,ZI;MpOM 6pMfa,Zl;bI nropooxepemron 81-ii: nex. ,ZI;HBM3HM. 25.3.1915 - 3a MeC5IIJ.,ZI;O TOfO, KaK ero CTapa51 ,ZI;MBM3M5I 6bIJIa pasrpoxnena B Kapnarax, 6bIJI aaaaaxea HaqaJIbHMKOM 2- ii: ,ZI;MBM3MM rocyztapcrnennoro OnOJIqeHM5I.C 3.7.1915 naxansHMK 102-ii: nex. ,ZI;HBM3MM. 0.10.1915 naanaxea KOMaH,ZI;MpOM 2 II CM6HPCKOfO AK 12-ii: apMHM. B rpeap. 1916 icoprryc nepeztaa B COCTaB2-ii:, B MapTe - 5-ii:, B Mae - 1-ii: apMMH H, HaKOHeIJ., B HIOJIe BHOBb BepHYJIC5I B 12-10. B OCHOBHOM,ZI;e5l1l'.lbHOCThKOpnyca 6hIJIa CB5I3aHa C PH)KCKHM nJIaIJ.,ZJ;apMoM. IIocJIe <DeBpaJIbCKOii: peBOJIIOIJ.HH31.3.1917 YBOJIeH OT CJIY)K6bI no npoIIIeHHIO CMyH,ZI;HpOM nencneii. IIocJIe OKT5I6pbCKOii: peBOJIIOIJ.HHyexan H na IOf POCCHH H B 1919 BCTynHJI B .ll06POBOJIbqecKYlo apMHIO, nexoropoe BpeM51(B 1920) 3aHHMaJI nOCT KOMeH,ZI;aHTa KaTepHE

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noztapa, nOCJIC nOpaJKCHlUI 6CJIbIX apMHH YCXaJI B 3MHtpaQHIO, rzte npanan can H CTaJI CB51mCHHHKOM.Bo BpeM51 2-H MHPOBOH BOHHbI npMMKHyJI K pyc. OCB060,ll,HTCJIbHOMY,ll,BH:lKCHllIO, 1942 B COCT051JIJIaBHblM CB51IQCHHHKOM r Pyc. oxpanaoro xoprryca,
fACAH-H33ET-IIAIIIA(Hasan Izzet Pap), Typ. rCHCpaJIJIcMTcHaHT. C HaqaJIOM BOHHbI B H0516. 1914 Ha3HaqCH KOMaH,lI,YlOmHM 3-H apMHcH (npa HaqaJIbHHKC nrraria repsr. MaHopc <1>.fY3C), paaaeprsrnannreiica B 3ana,ll,HOH ApMCHHH. Drasuue CHJIbI apMHH - IX H XI xopnyca - C06HPaJIHCb B paiione 3p3Cpyua, xyzta TaK:lKC nO,ll,T51rHBaJIC51 xopnyc (KOTOpbIH nepsoX HaqaJIbHO nJIaHHpOBaJIOCb HCnOJIb30BaTb ,lI,JI51 ,lI,CCaHTHoHonepaQHH B HOBOpOCCHIO). KPOMC roro, B COCTaBapMHH BXO,ll,HJIH 2-51KaB. ,lI,HBH3H51, ,5 KYP,ll,CKHX,lI,HBH3HH, norpannxnsre H :lKaH4 ,lI,apMCKHCBOHCKa (scero OK. 100 6aTaJIbOHOB, 165 3CKa,lI,POHOB M COTCH,244 opynna). 113 MCCOnOTaMHH nepetipacsmanacs 36-51 H37-51 nex, ,lI,HBH3HH XIII AK. IIJIaH npeztycnarpanan YHHqTO:lKCHHCOCHOBHbIX CHJI pyc. apMHH B paiione Capsncavsnua, Ha JICBOMq)JIaHrc - aaxsar Apaarana, Baryxra C,lI,aJIbHCHmHM npo,lI,BH:lKCHHCM na THq)JIHC; aa npasou - 3aXBaT Hpaacxoro A3Cp6aH,lI,:lKaHa, .D::lKYJIbQ>bI, aXHqCBaHH C ,lI,aJIbHCHmHM npoH ,lI,BH:lKCHHCMna Baxy, EJIH3aBCTnOJIb. IIOCJIC nasana BOCHHbIX ,lI,CHCTBHH26-29 OKT. (8-11) H0516. B CPaJKCHHH npa KenpaKee oT6poCHJI BOHcKa I Kasxaacxoro AK, a 3aTCM 30 OKT. (12 H0516.) Bbl6HJI pyc. BOHcKac 3aBMHcKoH n03HQHH. IIpM 3TOM apMH51 f. nOTCp51JIa OK. 7 TbIC. qCJI., pyc. BOHCKa nOTCp51JIHOK. 10 TbIC. qCJI. IIpM6bIBmHH 21 ,lI,CK.K apMHH :JH8ep-nawa HaCTO51JIaa npOBC,lI,CHHH Capsncaasmrcxoii onepanaa, HCCMOTP51 na B03PaJKCHH51E, Q>aKTHqCCKH3HBcp-nama npn:H51JI KOMaH,lI,OBaHHC na ce651,OTCTpaHHB r OTPYKOBO,ll,CTBa BoHcKaMH. 8(21) ,lI,CK. X xopnyc Pa36HJI OJIbTHHCKHH OTp51,l1, 12(25) zrex. BbImeJI K H Capsncaasnuy. 14(27) ztex, 6bIJI nO,ll,T51HYT IX AK. B nOCJIeH ,lI,YIOIQeM6010 TYp. BOHCKanOHeCJIH T51:lKeJIoe rropazceaae. 29 ztex. (11 51HB.) IX xoprryc 6b1JI YHHqTO:lKeH, B nJIeH B351TbIero KOMaH,lI,Hp Hcxan-nanra, HaqaJIbHMKH 17 -H, 28-H H 29-H ,lI,HBH3HH, 2 3aMeCTHTeJI51 KOMaH,lI,Hpa ,lI,HBH3HH; X AK 6e:lKaJI B ropsr H, nonan non y',lI,ap OJIbTHHCKoro OTp51,l1,a, 6bIJI pa3rpOMJIeH rrozt Apnaranosr. IIoTepH apMHH COCTaBHJIll OK. 78 TbIC. qeJI. H 65 0PY,ll,HH. IIOCJIC nopaacenaa non Capsncaarenrex cxreuten.
140

fAY3EH (Hausen) Maxc Q>OH(17. 12. 1846,.D:pe3,l1,eH, CaKCQHH51- 19.3.1922, TaM :lKC), 6apoH, repsr. reHCpaJI-nOJIKOBHHK (1910). CJIY:lK6y nasan Ii 3-M caKCOHCKOM erepcrccx 6aTaJIbOHe; JIeHTeHaHT (1864). YqacTHHK ascrpo- npyccxoii BOHHbI 1866 (CaKcoHH51 nsrcrynana na CTopOHe ABCTPO- Benrpaa), a raxzce BO rppaaxo-npyccsofi BOHHe 1870-71. B 1871-74 yqHJIC51 B BoeHHoH aKa,lI,eMllH. B 1875-87 H B 1892-97 CJIy)KHJI B Ienurratie, 3aTeM KOMaH,lI,OBaJI12-M erepcxmr 6aTaJIbOHOM. C 1890 KOMaH,lI,Hp101-ro rpenanepcxoro nOJIKa (Zlpesnea), C 1900 - XII (caxcoacxoro) AK. C 1904 caxcoacxaii BoeHHbIH MHHHCTp. B aaxane 1914 OCTaBHJI,lI,e!icTBYIOIQYIO apMHIO M naana-rea reHepaJI-a,lI,bIOTaHTOM KOPOJI51 CaKcoHHH. COCT051JImeQ>oM 182-ro nex. nOJIKa. IIPH M06HJIH3aQHH 2.8.1914 nasnaaea KOMaH,lI,YIOIQHM3- H (caxcoacxoii) apMHeH (BCCro 160 TbIC. xen. M 602 °PY,ll,H51), pa3BCpTbIBaBmeHc51 B paiione CeH-BHT, HeHep6ypr, BHTJIHX. B COCTaB apMHH BXO,ll,HJIM XI (rea, neXOTbI O. Q>OHIIJIIOCKOB), XII (rea, neXOTbI K. ,lI,'3JIb3a), XIX (rea. KaBaJIepHH M. Q>OHJIaQ>Q>epT) AK, XII pC3epBHbIH KOPnyc (rea. I' Q>OHKupx6ax), 47-51 JIaH,lI,BepHa5l 6pHra.n;a H 5-51 RaB. ,lI,HB1l3H51. nonoce apMHH f. ,n;eHcTBOBaJIHaxO,ll,HBmHHC51 B B nozoraaeuaa rnasnoro KOMaU,lI,OBaHH51 KaB. xopnyc (raapI ,lI,eHCKa5lH 5-51 KaB. ,lI,HBH3HH; scero 8,5 TbIC. xen. H 24 opynaa), K 20 asr; apMH5l f. BbI,lI,BHUYJIaChK Maacy aa ysacrxe HaMlOp.D:MHaH.IIoJIyqHB saaaxy nacrynars na ysacrxe HaMlOp- :>KHBe, 23 asr, 3aXBaTHJI nepenpanu na Maace H Q>OpcHpoBan ero y .llMuaua, qeM C03,l1,aJI rposy TbIJIY 5-H rppaan, apMHH, nessezty ;reHHO naxasmeii OTXO,ll,. 7 anr. nOJIyqHJI ,lI,HpeKTllBy nacrynars 2 aa Illaro- Tseppa, O,ll,UaKOH3-3a O:lKeCTOqeHUOrO conpOTHBJIeHH5l nporaanaxa TeMn HacTYnJIeUH51apMHH ne npeasnuan 10 KM B CYTKH. 4 cenr. nepezt HaqaJIOM Mapncxoro Cpa:lKeUH51 (5.12 ceur.) nOJIyqHJI npaxas BMeCTe C 4_-MH 5-H apMH51MH npo,lI,OJI:lKaTb HaCTYllJleHHe B IO:lKUOMH IOro-BOCTOqUOM nanpanneHH51XH OKPY:lKHTb Q>panQ. BOMcKa IO:lKHee KpenOCTH Bepnen. K 5 cenr. 3aUHMaJI Q>pOHTOT 3nepne ,lI,0 Illanoaa, HMe51nepezr C060H 9-10 Q>paHQ. apMHIO. 8 ceur. HOqHOH aTaKOH OT6pOCHJI npasoe KPhIJIO 9-H Q>paHQ. apMHH na 16 KM 3a <1>ep-IllanneHya30M. IIOCJIC BbIHY:lK,lI,eHHOrO OTXO,ll,a1-H H npaaoro KPblJIa 2-H apMHH, I. B noss na 11 cenr. naxan orcrynneaae ua n03HQHH BOCTOqHeC Peiiwca. 12.9.1914 CH51TC KOMaU,lI,OBaUH51ap-

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MHeM H BHOBb 3amIJI rrOCT renepan-azrsroranra KOPOJUI CaKCOHHH. IToCJIe KpYIIIeHWI Iepvaaaa 11.11.1918 BblIIIeJI B OTcTaBKY.- ABTop «BocrroMHHaHHM 0 Cpa)KeHHH na Mapae» (1920).

rA3)];E, Isae (Gaede) Ianc (19.2.1852, KOJIb6epr, IToMepaHWI - 16.9.1916, cI>peM6ypr), repx. renepan rrexorsr. 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI B OOHHCKOM H OepJIHHCKOM YHHBepcHTeTax. B arrp. 1870 BCTyrrHJI BO 2-M rpeaanepcxaii rrOJIK; neirrenaar (1870). YqaCTHHK <ppaHKo-rrpyccKoM BOMHbI 1870-71. B 1877 OKOHqHJI BoeHHYIO aKa,n:eMHIO. B 1878-81 CJIY)KHJI B reHIIITa6e, B 1887-92H 1893-94 - B BoeHHoM MHHHCTepCTBe. B 1886 KOMaH,a;Hp POTbI 70-ro rrex. rrOJIKa, B 1892 - 6aTaJIbOHa 113-ro rrex. rrOJIKa. C 1894 HaqaJIbHHK OT,a;eJIaBoennoro MHHHCTepCTBa. C 1897 KOMeH,a;aHT Topna. C 1898 KOMaH,TI;Hp23-ro. rrex. rrOJIKa, C 1900 - 84-M rrex. 6pHra,n:bI, C 1904 - 33-M ,a;HBH3HH. B 1907 BbIIIIeJI B oTcTaBKY. ITPH M06HJIH3a'QHH 2.8.1914 npaasan H3 OTCTaBKH H aaana-rea 3aMeCTHTeJIeM KOMaH,a;Hpa XIV AK, 12 anr, B03rJIaBHJI M06HJIbHble qaCTH xopnyca - <paKTHqeCKH OT,TI;eJIbHOe 06be,a;HHeHHe. 20.9.1914 na 6a3e M06HJIbHOrO COe,Tl;HHeHH5I 6hlJIO C<pOpMIfpoBaHo apxreiicxoe ynpaaaeaae «Iaaaes-, 30HOM OTBeTCTBeHHOCTH yrrpaBJIeHH5I 6bIJI BepxHHM 3JIb3ac. 25.8.1915 aarpaxnen Op,Tl;eHOM Pour le Merite, 3.9.1916 rro 60JIe3HH OCTaBIfJI rrOCTIf 6hlJI narrpaanen B .raaaper, a 3aTeM B 60JIbHH:QY.EMY 6blJIa C,TI;eJIaHa onepanna, HO HeY,Tl;aqHO,H CKOHqaJIC5I.

a.a;MIfPaJIOB BO rnase e 1l.II.[JICellu'Ko, xoropue ne XOTeJIH CqHTaTbC5Ico «llITaTCKHM. B ztex, 1917 ,TI;06HJIC5I OTCTaBKHll)KeJIJIHKO H 3aMenhl ero CBOHMCToponHHKOM a,n:MHPaJIOMP. Y3MUCCOM. B naxane 1918 OCTaBUJIrrOCT H BKJIIOqeH B COCTaBI1MrrepCKOro soemroro Ka6UHeTa. B 1922 BepHYJIC5I na rpa)K,TI;aHCKYIO CJIY)K6y.

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3PHK (1875-1937), aHrJI. renepan-xraiiop (1916). B 1904 nocryrmn na CJIY)K6y na Cenepo-Bocro-rHyIO )KeJIe3HYIO ztopory H K 1914 6bIJI Y)Ke reaepansasnr ynpasJI5IIOI:QHM. ITocJIe naxana BOMHbI rro HHH:QHaTllBe ll. JIJIon,Tl; ll)Kop,a;)Ka aaanasen MHHHCTPOM aoennsrx cHa6)KeHHM. IlpezrrrpUH5IJI pszr Mep rro YJIyqllleHHIO cHa6)KeHH5I 0pHTaHcKHx 3KCrre,Tl;U:QUOHHhlXCUJI (o3C) B Espone. B 1916 nanpaanen BO cI>paH:QIfIOrenepan-aacnexropoa rpancnopra o3C, <paKTUqeCKH B ero pyxax 6bIJIH cocpenoroxeaa Bee sonpocsr cHa6)KeHH5I aHrJI. BOMCK. B Mae 1917 OT03BaH B JIOH,TI;OHH nasnasea 1-M KOHTpOJIepOM BMcI>, a B UIOJIe - 1-M JIOP,Tl;OM A,TI;MHpaJITeMcTBa. Ha 3TOM rrOCTY CTOJIKnYJIC5IC onnoaanaeii B JIH:Qe BbICllIHX

rEMEC (Geddes)

r.

fEEPHHrEH (Heeringen) I10CHac <pon (9.3.1850, Kaccens 9.10.1926, Bepnan-Illapnorrenfiypr), repx. renepan-nomcosHHK (5IHB. 1913). B 1867 BCTyrrHJI B 80-M <pY3~JIep~bIM rrOJIK; JIeMTeHaHT (1868). YqaCTHUK <ppanKo-rrpyccKoH BOHHhl1 87071. C 1874 rrOJIKOBOMa,n:bIOTaHT,B 1876-77 a,n:bIOTaHT62-H rrex. 6pHra,n:hl. B 1879-86 eJIY)KHJI B Iennrrarie, B 1887-90 - B BoenHOM MHHHCTepCTBe. B 1886 KOMaH,a;HpPOTbI 91-ro rrex. rrOJIKa, C 1890 - 6aTaJIbOHa 117-ro rrex. rrOJIKa. C 1892 naxansnax OTztena Bonsmoro Iennrrafia, c 1895 KOMaH,a;Hp 117 -ro rrex. rrOJIxa C 1898 napexrop BoeHHo-a,n:MHHHCTpaTHBHoro OT,a;eJIaBoeH~oro MHHHCTepCTBa. C 1903 naxansmrx 22-M ,a;HBH3HH,C 1906 KOMaH,TI;HpII AK. C 8.9.1909 BoeHHbIM MHnHCTp. PYKOBO,a;UJI noaroroaxoti repsr. apMHH K noane. C HIOJI5I 1913 renepan-ancnexrop 2-M apMeMcKoM HHcrreK:QHH (oepJIHH). Ilpa M06HJIH3a:QHH2.8.1914 aaanasea KOMan,Tl;YIOI:QUM apMHeM (XIV AK, 7-M XlV, XV, XVI peaepamae xopnyca, 3-51 6aBapCKaR peaepsnaa 6pHra,n:a, 55-a JIaH,TI;BepnaR6pHra.a;a; ncero OK. 140 rsrc, qeJI. H 498 Opy,a;HM), pa3BepTbIBaBllIeMC5I B paiione Ilatiepa- IIIHpMeKMIOJIbreMM-CTpac6ypr-cI>peM6ypr; KpOMe roro, B rrO,Tl;qHHenHH Haxo,a;HJIC5I3JIb3aCCKHM OTp5l,Tl;56-51, a TaK)Ke 1-51U 2-51 6a( BapCKHe nanzmepmae 6pHra,n:bI; scero OK. 20 TbIC. qeJI. H 58 opy,TI;HM),a TaK)Ke 19-a, 55-5IH6aBapCKaR3p3aT:Q-,TI;HBH3HH. 3aTeM r. O,Tl;HOBpeMenHOKOMan,Tl;OBaJIJIeBbIM KPbIJIOM repxr. <ppoH:a na 3arrMe. 20 anr, BMeCTe C 6-M apMHeii: oT6poCUJI <ppaH:Q.BOHCKa H3an5lJI paMOH Mionsraysena.Zleno npn MIOJIbraY3ene cpasy )Ke BbI,a;BIfHYJIO ero B qHCJIO naH60JIee TaJIaHTJIUBbIX repsr, renepanos. B xonue Mapncxoro Cpa)KenH5I 14 cear, V!I pesepBHbIM xopnyc H XV AK apMHH 3aKpbIJIH OTKPbIBllIHHca CTbIK Me)K)l;y 1-M H 2-M apMH5IMH. OCTaBllIHeC5I rrOCJIe nepeopocxn qaCTH apMHH 6bIJIH nozrnmensr 6-ii: apMHH. ITocJIe Cpa)KeHH5I nexoropoe BpeM5I KOMaH,TI;OBaJI earpoxr 3arra,Tl;noro <pponTa. n 28.8.1915 narpaxzteu opneaosr Pour le Merite. B xozte ocenneii
u

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142

143

onepauaa B IIlaMnaHH 1915 aa n03HllHH apMHH f. HaHOCHJIa OTBJleKaIOmHH yztap 5-}I cppaHIl. apsraa, 28.~.1916 OTCTpaHeH OT KOMaH,n;OBaHH}I apMHeH, narpaacten ,n;y60BblMH BeTB}lMH K opzteay Pour Ie Merite H naanaxeu rJlaBHOKOMaH,n;YIOmHM BbICutero KOMaH,n;OBaHH}I6eperoBoH o60poHbI. 24.11.1918 asnnex B OTCTaBKY. Ilocne ,n;eM06HJlH3allHH B BeHMapcKoH pecnytimnce 6bIJI npe3H,n;eHTOM I1MnepcKoro soenaoro COI03a ~KHCPCPXOH-

sep». fE:AHPHX (Heinrich) Iycras CPOH(25.9.1854, IIJlec, BepXH}I}I CHJle3H}I - ?), repx, renepan aprannepaa, B 1874 BCTYnHJI B 74-H CHJle3CKHH nOJleBOH apr, nOJlK. B 1883-86 yqHJlC}I B BoeHHoH aKa.n;eMHH, C 1890 CJlY:>KHJI BoeHHOM MHHHCTepCTBe, B C 1894 - B 5-M, 3aTeM B 14-M apr. nomcax, C 1900 zrapexrop 2-H zmpexnaa apr, ztenapraaenra Boeaaoro MHHHCTepCTBa. C 1902 KOMaH,n;HP5-ro nozreaoro apr, nomca, C 1906 KOMaH,n;Hp2-H noJleBOH apr, 6pHra.n;bI, C anp. 1910 HHcneKTOp 2-H, C OKT. 1913 3-H apr, HHcneKllHH. B HO}l6. 1913 nepesezten B peaeps, Bo apeM}I BOHHbI B 1915 nasnanea ryoepnaropou JIHJlJI}l. C ztex. 1916 nocne oxxynanaa aacrpo-repsr. BOHcKaMH PYMblHHH - ry6epHaTOp Byxapecra. fE:ACMAH, C 1916 Ieacsraac, IIJlaToH Anescaunpoaax (20.2.1853 - 27.1.1919, Ilerporpan), pyc. reaepan OT HHcpaHTepHH (14.4.1913).113 ,n;BOP}lHCKOro pona cpJlaMaH,n;cKoro nponcXO:>K,n;eHH}l. 06pa30BaHHe nOJlyqHJI BO 2-M KOHcTaHTHHoBCKOM ysanaute (1872) H HHKoJlaeBCKOH aKa.n;eMHH Ienurraoa (1881). Bsmytuea B Ilerepriyprcxna rpeaaztepcxaii nOJlK. B 1876 ,n;06posonsnea ynrex B Cep6HIO, yxacrnmc cepfcxo-sepnoropo-ryp. BOHHbI, KOMaH,n;Hp 6aTaJlbOHa cepficxon apMHH. Y'IaCTHHK pyc.vrypeuxoa BOHHbI 1877-78. B 1881 nepeseztea B Ieanrrao. C 4.6.1892 sxcrpaopnaaapnsnl, 15.12.1894-16.6.1902 opnanapHbIH, C 16.6.1902 3aCJIY:>KeHHbIH nporpeccop H C 19.2.1907 no'1eTHbIH '1J1eH Koadiepeunan HHKoJlaeBcKoH BoeHHoH arcaneMHH. ABTOP pa60T no BoeHHoH HCTOPHH H BoeHHoH reopaa, C 5.7-8.9.1901 KOMaH,n;Hp 2-H 6pHra.n;bI 37-H nex. ,n;HBH3HH, C 15.1.1907 - 44-H nex. ,n;HBH3HH. 31.3.1911 aasaaxen KOMaH,n;HPOM XVI AK (41-}l H 47-}I nex. ,n;HBH3HH, B aasane BOHHbI K HHM ,n;06aBJleHa TaK:>Ke45-}l nex. ,n;HBH3H}l), C KOTOPbIM aery144

nHJI B BOHny B COCTaBe 4-H apMHH. 13.10.1914 cnan KOMaH,n;OBaHHe H 6blJl 3a'lHCJleH B peaeps '1HHOB npa nrratie Kaescxoro BO. 1.1.1915 naaaasea 'IJIeHOM Boennoro COBeTa. I pa60TaJI B BoeHHoM cosere no 1917, nepepsraosr CTaJI TOJlbKO nepaon C 6 }lHB. no 8 asr, 1915, xorna I 3aHHMaJI nOCT rJlaBHOrO naxansHHKa Ka3aHCKOrO BO. O,n;HOBpeMeHHO COCTOAArrpencezrarenen Kasaacxoro orztena Pyc. BoeHHO-HCTOpH'IeCKOrO 06meCTBa. Ilocne OKTIl6pbCKOH peBOJlIOllHH OCTaJIC}IB Ilerporpazte, npanar-noueur Ilerporpaztcxoro YHHBepCHTeTa, COTpy,n;HHK 3-H cexuaa Eaanoro rocynapcrseanoro apxasnoro cpOH,n;a. (Heinrich), Ieapax-Anstiepr-Bansremer Iorea(14.8.1862, 6J1H3 IIOTc,n;aMa - 20.4.1929, Xeunrensxap«), npnuu IIpyccKHH, rpoccamrapan (1909). Mnaztnrafi 6paT Busuzensua Il; C 1888 :>KeHaTaa Hpeae npannecce IecceaCKOH H PeHHcKoH, cecrpe POCHHCKOH nsmeparpanst AJleKCaHztpsr <I>e,n;0poBHbI. B 1875-77 yqHJlC}I B KaCceJlbCKOH rHMHa3HH. B OKT. 1880 scrynan B BM<I>. B 1884-86 Y'lHJlC}l B MopeKOH axanexan. C 1885 BaXTeHHbIH orpnnep cpperaTa ~IIlTeHHi>, C 1886 1-H orpauep xopsera ~OJlb,n;eH6yprl>, 3aTeM KOMaH,n;Hp POTbl 1-H MOPCKOH ,n;HBH3HH (KHJlb), 2-H ,n;HBH3HH ropnennux KaTepOB. C 1887 KOMaH,n;Hp 6aTaJIbOHa 1-H MOPCKOH ,n;HBH3HH, C 1889 - xpeacepa .l1peHal>, 1-H MOPCKOH ,n;HBH3HH, xpeiicepOB .EeOBYJlbcpl>, .CaKCOHH}ll>. C 1896 Illecp 2-H ,n;HBH3HH 1-H scxaapsr, C 1897 HHcneKTOp 1-H MOPCKOH nrrcrrexuna. C HO}l6. 1897 Ha'laJIbHHK 2-H BOCTO'lHO-A3HaTcKoH KpeHcepcKoH 3CKa,n;PbI, C KOTOPOH ,n;eHCTBOBaJIB KHTae. C 1899 Ha'laJIbHHK scex BOCTO'llIO-A3HaTcKHx xpeiicepcxax CHJI. C 1903 Ha'laJIbHHK MOPCKOH 6a3bI na EaJITHKe. C 1906 KOMaH,n;YIOmHH ,n;eHcTBYIOmHMH CHJlaMH 60eBoro cpJlOTa. B 1909 HHcneKTOp MopCKoro Be,n;OMCTBa.C Ha'laJIOM BOHHbI - rJlaBHoKoMaH,n;YIOmHH repu. MOPCKHMH CHJlaMH na EaJITHKe, icoropsre COCTaBJI}lJlH ,n;HBH3H}l 060pOHbI notiepezcsa EaJITHHCKOro MOP}l H noprosas CPJlOTHJlH}l (KHJlb) C 6a3aMH KHJlb (rJlaBHM 6a3a), .llaHllHr H IIHJlJlay. BBH,n;y roro, 'ITO anrn. BM<I>, 3a HCKJlIO'IeHHeM nonaozmsrx JlO,n;OK, EaJITHHCKOe Mope He BXO,n;HJI,a pyc. CPJlOT6b1Jl3Ha'lHB TeJlbUO cnaoee repvancxoro, TO MopCKHe CHJlbI, naxoznrsnraeca nozt KOMaH,n;OBaUHeM I', see BpeM}l COXpaH}lJlH rocnoztcrso na EaJITHKe. IIpH 3TOM HX ,n;eHcTBH}I HOCHJlH xapaxrep ~MaJIOH uonnepn
145

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20 HIOJUI (2 asr, ) repa. <pJIOTnOCTaBHJI CB. 100 MHH Y JIH6aBbI H noztaepr ee 60M6ap,n:HpoBKe, 3aTeM 6bIJIO BbICTaBJIeHO MHHHoe aarpaxneaae Y nxozta B <PHHCKHM3aJIHB. Bcero 3a 1914 6bIJIO BbICTaBJIeHO4 060pOHHTeJIbHbIX (y nxozta B KHJIbCxyto rasaas H B Zlarcxnx npOJIHBax) H 4 aKTHBHbIX (y <PHHCKOro 3aJIHBa, Kypnanncxoro nooepeao,s H B DOTHH'IeCKOM 3aJIHBe) MHHHhlX 3arpIDK.n:eHH5I (acero OK. 1100 MHH). 13(26) aar, xpeiicepa «Ayrctiypr» H «Maraefiyprs (c 3 3CKa.n:peHHbIMHMHHOHoc~aMH) npe,n:npHH5IJIH nonsrrxy aTaKH na pyc. ,n:030P, B pe3YJIbTaTe KOTOPOMxpeiicep «Mar.l(e6ypr~, ceBIIIHM na MeJIb, 6bIJI B30pBaH. Heyzraxa 3aCTaBHJIa f. na BpeM5I CHH3HTb axTHBHOCTb na DaJITHKe. 10(23) cenr, rrozt KOMaH,n:OBaHHeM f. B paiione BHH,n:aBbICOCpe,n:OTO'IeHhl xpyrnrsre CHJIbI<pJIOTa 14 JIHH( KOPOB, xpeiicepa, acxanpeanue MHHOHOC~bI, TpaJIbIl\HKH), rrpeznraanaveaasre ,n:JIHasrcaztxa ztecanra na KYPJIHH,n:cKoe IIO6epeiKbe. Onaaxo, nOCJIe nOJIyqeHH5I C006Il\eHHH 0 noztxozte xpynnsrx CHJI aHrJI. <pJIOTaK ,llaTcKHM npOJIHBaM, 12 cenr. nOJIyqHJI npaxas HeMe,Zl;JIeHHO B03BpamaTbC5I B r. KHJIb. 3a KaMnaHHIO 1914-15 repsr. <pJIOTna DaJITHKe nOTep5IJI na pyc. MHaax 6poHeHocHhlM xpeacep «<PPM,n:PMX BeJIMKMM~, 4 YpaJIbIl\Mxa, 3 cropoaceaux xpeiicepa M 14 napoxoztos, nOBpeiK,n:eHM5I nOJIY'IHJIM xpeitcepa -eAyrcfiyprs- H «fa3eJIJIe~, 3 MMHOHoc~a H 2 TpaJIbIl\MKa. K Ha'IaJIY KaMnaHHM 1915 Haxo,n:HBIIIHMC5I nozt KOMaH,n:OBaHHeM <pJIOTnOnOJIHHJIC5InpM6bIBllIHMH M3 Cesepf. noro MOP5I 6poHeHocHhlMM xpeiicepaan «POOH~, -sflpamt Ananstiepr» M «I1PMHl( Ienpax», 6 3CKa.n:peHHhlMH MHHOHOC~aMM H ztp, <PJIOTpa3,n:eJI5IJIC5I ,n:HBH3MIO na oxpanu nooepexsa H paasezrsmarensasre CMJIb!. CBOH OCHOBHble ~eJIH BH,n:eJI rrpezczte scero B npOTHBo,n:eMCTBHMpyc. <PJIOTY,He ztasaa eMY BeCTMaKTHBHble ,n:eMcTBH5I.19 HIOH5I(2 HIOJI5I) B 6010 Y Iensronanzra repa. aarpanarens «AJIb6aTpOc~ 6bIJI CHJIbHO nonpeaczten, a xpeiicep «I1PMHl( Aziansfepr» nOJIy'IHJI np060HHY H ezma ,n:06paJIc5I no 6a3b!. 26 HIOJI5I (8 asr.) repu. <pJIOTrrpennpnnan rrorrsrrxy rrpopsma B <PHHCKHM3aJIHB. ,llJI5I sroro 6bIJI cocpeztoTOqeH OTP5I,n: BH~e-a.n:MHPaJIa 3.lIIMH,n:Ta (7 JIHHeHHbIX xopafiJIeM, 6 xpeiicepon, 24 acxaztpeansrx MHHOHoc~a H ztp), I1OTep5IB zrsa TpaJIbIl\IIKa (repone roro, nOBpeiK,n:eHH5I nOJIyqHJIH xpeiicep «TeTHc~ H MHHoHoce~), lIIMH,n:T npexparun TpaJIeHIIe II OTBeJI <pJIOT.3( 16) asr. onepanna 6bIJIa B0306HOBJIeHa; 5 (18)
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asr: 3aKOH'IHB TpaJIeHHe <papBaTepa OTPM npopsma BOllIeJI B <PHHCKMM3aJIHB, BbIBe,n:5IH3 CTP05I KaHOHepCKHe JIO,n:KH«CHByq~ M -sKopeene. 7(20) asr, 6bIJI nOTep5IH erne o,n:HHacxazrpeaHbIM MHHOHoce~. 8(21) asr; IlIMH,n:T OTBeJI CBOH Kopa6JIH na 6a3y. B KaMnaHHIO 1915 repsr. <pJIOTna DaJITHKe ratose norep5IJI 6poHeHocHhlM xpeiicep «I1PMH~ A.n:aJIb6epn, JIerKHM KpeMcep «YH,n:HHe~ H 15 napoxonos; ua MHHHbIX aarpaxnenaax y Iensronanzta H B paiione BHH,n:aBbInOm6JIH xpeiicep «DpeMen~, 2 scxazipeamax MHHonoc~a, 2 cropoxessrx Kopa6JI5I, nOJIY'IHJIH T5IiKeJIble noapeaorenaa xpeiicepa «,llaJl~Hr~ H «JII06eK~, acxanpenasn! MHnOH?Ce~ H zrp, K naxany 1916 CHJIbI repsr. <pJIOTana DaJITHKe, oCJIa6JIeHHble nepefipocxoii JIHneMHbIX coe,n:HHenHM B Cesepnoe Mope, 6hIJIU BbIHYiK,n:eHbI na npOT5IiKeHIm scea KaMnaHHH OrpaHH'IHTbC5I JIUllih 060pOHIITeJIbHbIMU ,n:eMCTBH5IMH. HeCMOTp5I na 3TO, OHH nOTep5IJIH, B ocnOBHOM na MHHax, BcnOMOraTeJIbHbIM xpeiicep, 8 scxaztpeansrx MUHonocues, nO,Zl;Bo,n:HYIO JIO,n:KY, TPaJIhIl\UKOB U MaJIbIX Kopa6JIeM H 3 8 rpancnopra; 1 xpeiicep nOJIyqHJI T5IiKeJIble rrospeacztenaa. 1.8.1916 uarpaacnen opztenon Pour le Merite. B 1917, nOCJIe <PeBpaJIbCKOMpeBOJIIO~HH H naxaanreroca 6bICTporo pa3JIOiKeHH5Ina pyc. <pJIOTe,repn. KOMaH,n:OBaHHe aKTHBH3HPOBaJIOCBOH ,n:eMCTBU5I DaJITUKe. 29 ceHT.(12 OKT.) -7(20) na OKT. 1917 nposezreaa necanruaa Moonsyancxaa onepanas, BO BpeM5I KOTOPOM ysacrnoaasutae B HeM BMC nonxaaeasr KOMan,n:YIOIl\eMY 8-ii apMHeM ren, O. <pon Tymbepy. 24.1.1918 nOJIyqHJI ztytioasre BeTBU K opzteny Pour Ie Merite, 8.3.1918 B MHTaBe KYPJI5IH,n:CKHM nannpar nsnrec peurenae 0 C03,n:aHHHnozt CKIIneTpOM HMneparopa BUJIbreJIbMa II T.H. Kypnanztcxoro repuorcrna, 15.3.1918 repuorcrno 06'h5IBJIeHO caMOCT05ITeJIbHbIM rocyztapCTBOM,a ero npaBHTeJIeM aasnasen [ 12 anp. B Pare aa 06'be,n:UHeHHOMaaceztanaa JIaH,n:paTOB3cTonuM, JIaTBuH U JIuTBbI nposoarnaureno coaztaune DaJITMMCKOro repuorcrsa BO rnase C [ I10cJIe Ha'IaJIa peBOJIIO~HM B Iepvaaaa DaJITHMCKOe repuorCTBO pacnanocs M 11 H05I6. 6bIJIO npoaoarnameno C03,n:aHHe ne3aBHCHMOM 3CTonHH. B H05I6. 1918 [YBOJIen H3 apMHH.

fEOPf V, .lliKOp,n:iK-<Ppe,n:epHK-3pHCT-AJIb6epT CaxcenKoqypr- fOTCKMM (Georg- Frederik- Ernst- Albert von SachsenCoburg-Gotha) (3.6.1865, Mansriopo-xayc - 20.1.1936), KO147

146

pOJIh BCJUIK06pHTaHIUI H I1pJIaH,l{HH. 2-H ChUi KOPOJUI 3,l{yapzta VII. B 1892 nOCJIC cMcprn crapnrero 6paTa Arrh6cpTa nOJIy'-.IHJITIITyJIhI repnora MopKcKoro, rpadia I1HBCPHCCC II 6apoHa KHJIJICPHH. B ,l{CTCTBC OTJIH'-.IaJICH O'-.lCHh CJIa6hIM 3,l{OPOBhCMH B 1875-89 rrOCTOHHHO HaXO,l{HJICH B rrJIaBaHHH (,l{JIH nonpasxa 3,l{OpOBbJI). B 1882 OKOH'-.IHJI pHHHTH KOJIJIC,l{)K.06pa30BaHHc T rrOJIyqHJI B fCH,l{CJIh6cprCKoM H JI03aHHcKoM YHHBCPCHTCTax. IIoCJIC BCTyrrJICHHH na rrpCCTOJI OTQa (22.1.1901) npOB03rJIal1lCH rrpHHQcM Y3JIhCKHM, rCPQorOM KOPHYOJIJI H POTCII, rpa<PoM qccTep, KappIIK H .lly6JIIIH. B 1910 BCTyrrHJI aa npeCTOJI. 113MCHHJI nopaztxa npa ,l{BOPC, crapaacs OTKa3aThCH OT II3JIHl1lHCH pocxonra ('-.IaCTOero 3KOHOMHH rpaHH'-.IHJIa co CKaPC,l{HOCThIO). BeJI YC,l{HHeHHhIH H 3aMKHYThIH 06pa3 )KH3HH. f. rrpaKTH'-.ICCKII HC BMCl1lHBaJICH B ynpasneaae rOCY,l{apCTBOM, rrOJIHOCThIO nepenas ero B pyxa rrpCMhep-MHHHCTPOB, H aaHHMaJICH rrpeHMYlIleCTBeHHO YBCJIH'-.ICHHCMcsoero COCTOHHHH H coxpaHCHHCM MHpa B CCMhe. B HIOJIC 1917 npaaaniaa B BeJIIIK06pHTamfH ,l{HHaCTHR BMCCTO Caxcen- Ko6ypr- fOTCKOH CTaJIa Ha3hIBaThCR BHH,l{30PCKOH. Bo MHorOM H3-3a nepennrTCJIhHOH n03HQHH f., OrraCaBl1lCrOCH JII06hIX OCJIO)KHCHHH, aHrJI. npaBHTCJIbCTBO OTKa3aJIOCb npmorrs HU1COJUlJl II H ero CCMhIO. II03)Ke f. 3a 6eCQCHOK npH06peJI (a '-.IaCTb rrpOCTO npHCBOHJI) COKpOBHlIla POCCHHCKoro HMncpaTopCKoro ztosra.

fEOPfH (Georgi) Cl>PII,l{PHX CPOH(27.1.1852, IIpara, BoreMHR - 23.6.1926, BCHa), 6apoH (9.9.1912), aacrpo-aenrepcxaii reHCpaJI-nOJIKOBHHK (6.5.1916). CbIH nOJIKOBHHKa KaBaJICpHH. 06pa30BaHHc nOJIy'-.lHJI B XaHH6yprcKoM Ka,n;CTCKOM xopnyce, TCpe3HaHCKOH BOCHHOH axanesma (1871) H AKa,n;eMHH IemnTa6a (1881). CJlY)K6y naxan 1.9.1871 JIeHTeHaHToM 6-ro erepcxoro 6aTaJIhOHa. C 1882 orpanep mrafia 5-H ropHOCTpeJIKOBOH 6pHra,n;hI, Y'-.lacTBoBaJJ B nO,l{aBJIelIHH BOCCTaHIDI B IepnerosnHe. B 1884 CJIY)KHJI B soeaao-reorparpasecxoa 6IOpO urrafia IV AK, 3aTeM - B 27-M nex. nOJIKy. C MaH 1891 Ha'-.laJIhHHK urrafia lS-H rrex. ,l{HBH3HH. C cpeBp. 1893 HHCTPYKTOP nrrariaux OCPHQCPCKHX KypCOB; 3apcKOMCH,l{OBaJI ce6R TaJIaHTJIIIBbIM nrratiHhIM 0<pHQepoM. B JUOHe 1898 nepesenen B Boenaoe MHHIICTCPCTBOII Ha3Ha'-.lCHrrpC,l{CC,l{aTCJICM10- ro nenapraveara; ero ,l{CRTCJIhHOCThaa 3TOM nocry BhI,l{BHHyJIa [ B '-.IHCJIO HaII60JIec nep148

CnCKTHBHbIX O<PIIQCPOBIemnraoa, C RHB. 1903 KOMaH,l{IIp 42-H JlaH,l{BepHOH nex. 6pIIra,n;bI. C 18.7.1906 Ha'-.laJIhHHK CCKQHH MIIHHcTepcTBa nannaepa. AKTHBHO yqacTBOBaJI B rrpOBe,l{CHHII peopranaaannn aBCTp. apMIIH. 1.12.1907 Ha3Ha'-.lCH aBCTp. BOCHHbIM MIIHHCTPOM II KOMaH,l{YIOIIlIIM JIaH,l{BepOM. Ha 3TOM nocry B ero nO,l{'-.IHHeHHII OKa3aJIIICh BCCascrp. TeppIITOpIIaJIhHble BOHcKa, a TaK)KC )KaH,l{apMcpHR. B 1912 C03,l{aJI CCTh BOCHHbIX l1lKOJI JIaH,l{BCpa ,l{JIR rrO,l{rOTOBKII YHTCp-0<pIIQepOB sanaca. KpoMe Toro, rro ero IIHHQIIaTHBe 6hIJIa OTKpbITa BoeHHaJI aKa,n;eMHR Cl>paHQa-l1oCIIcpa. CCPOPMIIPOBaJI ropHOCTPCJIKOBbIC JIaH,l{BCpnsre '-.IaCTII,pa3pa60TaJI II ,l{06IIJICR YTBCP)KJl:CHHRnosoro 3aKOna 0 JIaH,l{BCpC 5.7.1912, KOTOPbIH rrpIIpaBHHJI (no 3KIIrrIIpOBKe, cHa6)KCHIIIO, BoopY)KeHIIIO) JIaH,l{BCpHbIC '-.IaCTHK perynapnsnr, Ha npOTR)KCHIIH BOHHbI I' COXpaHIIJI CBOII nOCTbI, 3aHIIMaHCb aonpocaxa HaQIIOHaJIhHOH 060pOHbI ABCTPHH, na CJIY'-.laH,CCJIH soeaasre ,l{CHCTBIIR 6Y,l{YT rrepenecensr na cc TeppHTopHIO. BCIO BOHHY JIaH,l{BCp RBJIRJICH OCHOBHbIM HCTO'-.lHIIKOMnOnOJIHCHIIH ,l{CHCTBYIOIIlCH apMHH, H3 ero PH,l{OB <pOPMIIPOBaJIHCb KaK Mapnreasre 6aTaJIbOHhI, TaK H QCJIble .naaaaepaae nOJIKH. IIoJIo)KeHHe f. OCJIO)KHHJIOCbTCM, '-.ITOrJIaBHYIO POJIb IIrpaJIO HC aBCTPHHCKOC, a 06'bC,l{IIHCHHOe ascrpo-aenrepcxoe BOCHHOC MIIHHCTepCTBO BO rnase C ren. A. Kpo6amWlOM. B HIOHC 1917 3aMCHeH rea. 6apoHoM K. qarrn CPOHDHpKeHl1lTeTTeHOM II BbIl1leJI B oTCTaBKy. B 1919 H36paH noserasnr npC3II,l{eHTOM 06'bC,l{IIHeHUH AJIbT- HOHl1lTa,n;T - KopnopaTHBHOH opraHH3aQHH 6bIBl1lHX BbmYCKHHKOB BIIHep- HOHl1lTa,n;TCKOH aKa,n;eMHII.

fEPACHMOB

AJICKCaH,l{p MHXaHJIOBH'-.I (14.11.1861

2.3.1931, Cl>CPPHBHJIb,TYHHC), BUQC-a,n;MHPaJI(29.4.1913).06pa30BaHHc nOJIy'-.lHJI B MOPCKOM xopnyce (1882), Mannsrx 0cpHQepCKHx roraccax (1886) H MHXaHJIOBCKOH apr. axazrexraa (1892). B 1892-96 '-.IJICHKOMHCCHII MOPCKHX apr. OrrbITOB. B 1901-02 cTapIIIlIH OCPHQCP scxanpenaoro 6POHCHOCQa ~I1Mrreparop Anexcaaztp Il», B 1902-03 <pJIaruaHCKI1H apTHJIJIepHCT IIITa6a MJIa,n;mcro cpJIarMaHa 3CKa,n;PbI Tnxoro oxeana, B 190304 crapunni oCPI1UCp acxanpenrroro 6POHCHOCQa ~IIo6e,l{a~. YqaCTHIIK pyc-smoncxoii BOHHbI II 060pOHbI IIOpT-ApTypa. IIoCJIC KarrIITYJIRQHII IIOpT-ApTypa B3RT B nJICH HnOHQaMH. IIo B03BpalIlcHHH KOMaH,l{OBaJI yqe6HhIMH cY,l{aMII «Para» 149

(1906-08) H -sflerp BeJIHKHif». (1908-09). C 1909 HaqaJIbHHK yqe6Horo apr. orpana DaJITHH:CKOro MOPJl. 29.4.1913 nasnaxea KOMaH,ll;HpOMMOPCKOH:KpenOCTH HMnepaTopa Ilerpa BeJIHKOroo 26.7-24.11.1914 O,ll;HOBpeMeHHo JlBJIJlJICJIKYPJIJlH,ll;CKHM, JIH<PJIJlH,ll;CKHM H 3CTJIJlH,ll;CKHM renepan-ryfiepnaropojr. Bo BpeMJI <PeBpaJIbCKOH:peBOJIIOQHH npaexan ,ll;JIJIneperosopOB C BOCCTaBIIIHMHMaTpocaMH DaJITHH:CKOrO<pJIOTaH 2.3.1917 6bIJI HMH panen. <PaKTHqeCKH 6bIJI OTCTpaHeH OT CBOHX 06J13aHHOCTeH:, XOTJI o<pHQHaJIbHO CHJlT C nOCTa TOJIbKO 4 anp. 23.6.1917 YBOJIeH OT CJIY)K6bI C MyH,ll;HpOM H neHCHeH:. IIocJIe OKTJl6pbCKOH: peBOJIIOQHHyexan na lOr POCCHHH B KOHQe 1918 ncrynan B .ll06POBOJIbqecKYIO apMHIO. C 1919 nOMOlllHHK, 3aTeM HaqaJIbHHK Mopcxoro ynpaBJIeHHJI Oc060ro COBelllaHHJI npHrJIaBHOKOMaH,ll;YlOllleM BCIOP.17.2.1919-19.4.1920 KOMaH,ll;YlOlllHH: lJepHoMopCKHM <pJIOTOM.B Mae 1920 nanpannea B DaryM B xaxecrse JIIfqlloro npe,ll;CTaBHTeJIJI ea. II.H. BpaHreJIJI. r IIocJIe ::lBaKyaQHH H3 Kpsnia B 1I0Jl6. 1920 B DH3epTe rraanasen napexropov Mopcxoro xopnyca; B03rJIaBJIJlJI Kopnyc zto ero JIHKBH,ll;aQHHB Mae 1925.

fEPHfPOCC Anexcannp AJIeKCeeBHq (4.8.1851 _ 17.3.1925, JIellHHrpa,ll;), pyc. renepan OT HlI<pallTepHH (6.12.1910). Oopasoaaaae nOJIyqHJI B PH)KCKOM nex. ionxepcKOM yqHJIHllle (1868). Bsmymen B 63-M nex. YrJIHQKHH: nOJIK. B COCTaBenOJIKa yqaCTBOBaJI B pyc. -TypeQKOH: BOH:He1877-78. IIPOJlBHJI asrztaromeeca JIHqllOe MY)KeCTBO,OTJIH'IHJICJIB 60Jlx nozt IIeJIHIIIaTOM H IIaJIeBHQeH:, npa IIITypMe IIJIeBHbI (30.8.1877) H B 6010 npn Illeiiaoao. Bo BpeMJl60eB aa 3eJIeHble ropsr (25.8.1877) 6bIJI KOHTY)KeH OCKOJIKOMrpanarsr. B 1878 HaXO,ll;HJICJI COCTaBeSKCne,ll;HQHOHHoto orpsna, HanpaBJIeHHOB ro MJI YCMlIpeHHJI 6aIIIH6Y3YKOB B PO,ll;OH:CKHX ropax. C 1893 KOMaH,ll;Hp Ieopx- Termncxoro pesepsnoro 6aTaJIbOHa, C anp. 1894 - 4-ro 3aKaCnHH:CKoro CTpeJIKOBoro 6aTaJIbOHa C 1897 rJIaBHbIH: HaqaJIbHHK oXpaHHOH: CTPa)KlI KlITaH:CKO- BO~TOqHOM )KeJIe31"l0H: toporn. B 1900 nasaa-ren HaqaJIbHHKOM rapaasona z Xap6HHa. YqaCTHHK nO,ll;aBJIeHHJI Hxaryanscxoro BOCCTaHHJI 1900-01; PYKOBO,ll;JI 60POHOH: Xap6HHa, OT6HJI aTaKH npesoc0 XO~JlIQHX ClIJI npOTlIBHHKa. Harpaxzien opzteaoa CB. Ieopraa 4- H CTeneHII. 11.5.1901-6.1.1902 nOMOIQHHK HaqaJIbHHKa 3aa150

MypCKoro oKpyra OT,ll;eJIbHOrOxopnyca nOrpaHHqHOH: CTpa)KlI. C 16.12.1902 HaqaJIbHHK 1-H: BOCTOqHO-CH6HPCKOM CTpeJIKOBOH:6pHra,ll;bI, KOTOpa» nOCJIe naxana pYC.-JlnOHCKOH: BOH:HbI - 1904-05 pa3BepHYTa 22 <peBp. B ,ll;HBH3HIO.B rrepesrii ,ll;eHbcpa)KeHHJI npa Barpanroy (1-2.6.1904), 060pOHJIJI JIeBbIM <pJIam, 6bIJI panen OCKOJIKOM rpanaru, HO OCTaJICJI CTpOIO.2 MIOHJIno B npaxaay KOMaH,ll;OBaHHJInepemen B nacrynneane, HO He nOJIyqHB 06elllaHHOH: noztnepaoca, 6bIJI BbIHY)K,ll;eH nepeirrn K 060pone. CBOlIMH ,ll;eH:CTBHJlMH CBJl3aJI ,ll;HBH3HIOrea. OIIIHMbI, [ He ztan eM 060H:TH npaasrii <pJIam pyc. BOH:CK.Bo BpeMJI cpazceHHJI npn JIaOJlHe (17-18.8.1904) 060pOHJlJI KpaH:HHH: npaasrii <pJIaHr rrepeztoaoii n03HQHH. OTJIHqHJICJI B Cpa)KeHlIH npn CaHzteny (12-16.1.1905), HOqHbIM IIIryPMOM 15 JlHB. B3J1JIyxpenJIeHHYIO n03HQHIO JlnOHQeB B ztep. Cysrany; HO He nOJIyqHB noztnepzoor, 6bIJI BbI6HT H3 nee. C 23.5.1905 KOMaH,ll;OBaJI CH6HPI CKHM AK. Bo BpeMJI Myxnencxoro Cpa)KeHHJI (6-25.2.1905) OTPJl,ll;[ (50 6aTaJIbOHoB) ,ll;OJI)KeH6bIJI 060H:TH JIeBbIH: <pJIam npOTHBHHKa. Ho 3aTeM OTPJl,ll;6bIJI oCJIa6JIeH nepeaonou -racTeH: na npyrne yqaCTKH rpponra, H MaHeBp He y,ll;aJICJI. 3a ycnennnre ,ll;eH:CTBHJI KaMnaHHH narpaacnen 30JIOTbIM opY)KHeM. B C 7.6_1910 KOMaH,ll;lIp XXIV AK. 20.1.1913 cztan KOMaH,ll;OBaHHe H 6bIJI nasnasea qJIeHOM Boennoro COBeTa. IIocJIe nasana BOH:HbIf. 15.8.1914 nOJIyqHJI B KOMaH,ll;OBaHHeXXVI AK (53-JI H 56-JI nex. ,ll;HBlI3HH). B COCTaBel-H: apMHH yqaCTBOBaJI B ABryCTOBCKOH:onepauna (cenr, 1914). B KOHQe asr, 1915 xopnyc [ 6bIJI nepefipomen nozt BHJIbHO B paiione MOJIQ.ll:eqHO B coCTaB BHOBb 06pa3yeMOH: 2-H: apMHH. YqaCTBOBaJI B y,ll;aqHOM,ll;JIJI pyc. apMHH BHJIeHCKOM 060pOHHTeJIbHOM Cpa)KeHHH (30.818.9.1915). C 28.12.1916 BHOBb CTaJI qJIeHOM Boennoro COBera. IIocJIe <PeBpaJIbCKOH:peBOJIIOQHH 1917 OCTaBaJICJI a CBoeM n nocry, HO B aacenannax COB era yqaCTHJI <paKTHqeCKH He npaHlIMaJI. IIocJIe OKTJl6pbCKOH: peBOJIIoQHH OCTMCJI B POCCHH. YMep OT napanasa cepznia.

fEPYA AJIeKCaH,ll;p BJIa,ll;lIMHpOBHq (24.3.1870 - nOCJIe 1944), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeMTeHaHT (7.7.1917). 06pa30BaHlIe noJIyqHJI B IIa)KeCKOM xopnyce (1895) H HHKOJIaeBCKOM arcaneMHH feHIIITa6a (1898). C 1898 CJIY:JKHJI IIITa6HbIx ,ll;OJI)KHOCna TJlX. YqaCTHlIK pyc.-anoncxof BOMHbI. 3a OTJIHqlIJi narpaacnen
151

30JIOThIM opYJKHeM (1907). C 31.10.1907 nasansnarc OT,neJIeHH$I fJIaBHOrO lIITa6a, 28.3.1909 B npHKOMaH,nHpOBaHHH K fYfili. C 31.12.1911 naxansuax lIITa6a 22-H nex. ,nHBH3HH. 14.9.1912 naauasen KOMaH,nHpOM 7-ro <1>HHJI$lH,nCKOro TpeJIC xosoro nOJIKa. 4.2.1914 B03rJIaBHJI JIeH6-rBap,nHH BOJIhIHCKHH nOJIK, C KOTOPbIM BCTynHJI B BOHHY. C 25.1.1915 renepanxsaprapaeiicrep lIITa6a 5-H, 3aTeM 12-H apMHH. 10.10.1915 aaaaaxen KOMaH,IlyIOmHM 38-H nex. ,nHBH3HeH. C 31.10.1916 H.,n. HaqaJIhHHKa lIITa6a 2-H apMHH, 6JIHJKaHlIIHH nOMOIIt:HHK ren. B. B. CMHPHOBa. C 7.7.1917 KOMaH,nHp XVII I AK. B KOHQe 1917 rrocryrmn aa cnyJK6y B PKKA, aaxansaax lIITa6a Cesepnoro ysacrxa Ilerporpaztcxoro paiiona. Onaospexenao C MapTa 19"18 BeJI aKTHBHYIO pa60TY npOTHB xpacasrx, rrepenpaanas odnmepoa B 6eJIhle BOHcKa Cesepnoro <ppoHTa, O,nHHH3 pyxoBo,nHTeJIeHCOI03a nospoactenaa POCCHH.B cepezmae 1918 yexan na lOr POCCHHH 13.10.1918 naaaaxen npe,nCTaBHTeJIeMnpa pyKOBo,nHTeJIe<pPaHQ. BoeHHoH MHCCHHrea. OepTJIo. C OKT. 1919 naxansnax pyc. BoeHHOH MHCCHH BCIOP B Byxapecre, C anp. 1920 BoeHHhIH rrpencranarens I'naauoro KOMaH,nOBaHH$IH BeJIHKOro KH$l3$1HU1W.l/.QJl HUKOJlae8U1la B PYMbIHHH. I10cJIe nopa)KeHH$I 6eJIbIX apMHH OCTIlJICH B PYMhIHHH, npencenarens COI03a HHBaJIH,IlOBB PYMbIHHH. I10cJIe BCTYIIJleHH$I COBeTCKHX BOHCKB Byxapecr B 1944 6hIJI apeCTOBaH opranasra CMEPlII H BbIBe3eH B CCCP. Ero 6paT: OOPHC BJIa,nHMHPOBHq (9.3.1876 - MapT 1942, CeHT-MspH, Zlesoamap, BeJIHK06pHTaHH$I), renepaa-aanop (HIOJIh 1916). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B I1IDKecKoM xopnyce H HHKOJIaeBCKOH axaaesora Ieaurraoa (1901). CJIYJKHJI B JIeH6rsapnan Erepcxou nOJIKy. YqaCTHHK pyc-anoucxoii BOHHhI 1904-05. C 1912 :3KCTpaop,nHHapHhIH (c 1913 Op,nHH:!PHbIH) npodieccop HHKOJIaeBCKOHBoeHHOH aKa,neMHH. C HaqaJIOM BOHHbI nOJIyqHJI B KOMaH,nOBaHHe 123-H nex. K03JIOBCKHH nOJIK, 3aTeM 6hIJI HaqaJIhHHKOM OT,neJIeHH$I ynpaBJIeHH$I renepanKBapTHpMeHCTepa lIITa6a rJIaBHOKOMaH,nYIOmero apMH$lMH IOro-3ana,nHoro <ppoHTa. 3a 060POHY 5ICJIO 3-4.10.1914 aarpaxctea Ieopraeacxaa opYJKHeM. C 6.12.1914 HaqaJIhHHK lIITa6a 5-H, C anp. 1915 - 31-H nex. ,nHBH3HH. 9.5.1915 naanaaeu KOMaH,nHpOM JIeH6-map,nHH 113MaHJIOBCKOro nOJIKa. C HIOJI$I 1916 reaepan-icaaprnpaeacrep BOHCK rnapnaa, C 2.12.1916 -

OC060H apMHH. C 9.5.1917 H.,n.nasansnaxa lIITa6a 11- H apMHH. 31.8.1917 no npaxasy A. <1>.Kepencxoro 3a yxacrne B nsrcrynJIeHHH KOpHHJIOBa apeCTOBaH H nouemea B OhIXOBCKYIOTIOPhMy. OCB06oJK,neH sa OTCYTCTBHeM,nOKa3aTeJIhCTB.C 22.9.1917 op,nHHaplIhIH nporpeccop HHKOJIaeBCKOH BoeHHoH aKa,neMHH. CJIYJKHJI B PKKA. B KOHQe 1918 OTKa3IlJ1C$I T npe,nJIO:lKeHH$I O nasansmoca Boeunoii axaztexaa ren. Annorctcoro nsrexars B Kasaas H neneransno YlIIeJI B <1>HIIJI$lH,IlHIO, naxonanacs ero rae eeMh$l. C KOHQa 1918 npeztcenarens OC060H soeunoii MHCCHH no OKa3aHHIO MaTepHllJIhlIOH noaoum 6eJIhIM apMH$lM B PoeeHH (JIHKBH,nHpoBaHa B 1920). )I(HJI B JIolI,noHe, Xy,nO:lKHHK. 1. t 0.1935 H36paH ,neHcTBHTeJIhHhIM qJIeHOM KOpOJIeBCKOro 06mecrr.a nOOmpeHH$I Xy,nO:lKHHKOB.qJIeH COB era COI03a H3MaHJIOBQeB,a C 1939 ero npeztceztarens, ABTOP BocnoMHHaHHH (T.12, I1apHJK, 1969-1970).

r.

fEmOB .llHMHTP I1BaHoB (14.9.1860, CBHmOB - 8.1.1922, CO<pH$I), 60JIrapCKHH renepan neXOThI (KoHeQ 1919) . .ll06poBOJIhQeM B COCTaBe55-ro nex. I10,nOJIhCKOrOnOJIKa pyc. apMHH yqaCTBOBaJI B pyc.vrypeuxoii BOHHe 1877-78. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B Oneccxox nex. IOHKepCKOM yqHJIHme (1880). BhInynteu B 11-10 nex. ztpyaomy B cep6CKO-60JIrapcKYlo BOHHY 1885 KOMaH,nOBaJIPOTOH 3-ro nex. Bnaacxoro nOJIKa. C 1890 nOMOmHHK rJIaBHOrO pesasopa Boemroro MHHHcTepcTBa, saTeM no c06cTBeHHoH npocsfie nepeaenen B crpoessre BoHCKa. C 1902 KOMaH,llHp 4-ro nex. I1JIeBeHCKoro nOJIKa, C 1903 - 1-H 6pHra,nbI 2-H TpaKHHcKoH nex. ,nHBH3HH. Bo BpeM$I 1-H OaJIKaHCKOHBOHHhI 1912-13 BOrnase 6pHra,nhI ycnenmo ,neHcTBoBaJI npa Pozionare OK. CMOJIHH. B ztetc,1912 KOMaH,nHp 2-H TpaKHHCKOHnex. ,nHBH3HH, BO rnase KOTOPOHCPIDKIlJICHrrpa Cape, .llpaMe H Kcanrnro. Bo 2-H OIlJlKaHCKOH BOHHe 1913 yqaCTBOBIlJI B BoeHlIbIX ,neHcTBH$lXnpa KpHBOJIaKe H HerOTHHe. Bo rnaBe ,nHBH3HH BCTynHJI B MHpOBylO BOHHY.YcnelliHO ,neHCTBOBIlJI npa KpHBOJIaKe, .lloHpaHe, <1>YPKe,na MaKe,nOHCKOM <ppOIITe. C ztex. 1916 KOMalI,nY10mHH 1- H apMHeH na OHTOJIhCKOM<pPOIIre, OTCTO$lJI 03HQHH rrpn .lloHpalIe ira p. Bapztap. B <peBp. 1918 n H3-3a 60JIe3HH CH$lTC nOCTa H naanaxeu HaqllJlhHHKOM MopasCKOH BoeHHo-HHCneKQHoHHOH 06JIaCTH. Ilonnncan HhOHCKHH MHPHhIH ,nOroBOP 1919, nOCJIe xero nanpaanen ,nJI$IJIeqeHH$I B
153

152

Iepsranaro. IIo aosspameaaa nOJIyqHJI LJ:OJI)KHOCTh HCrreKTOH pa norpaaa-nrsrx BOHCK. B KOHI~e 1919 YBOJIeH H3 apMHH. fH3JIh <i>OHflI3JIMHfEH (GiesI von Gieslingen) ApTYP (19.6.1857, Kpaxos - 3.12.1935), 6apoH, aacrpo-aearepcrora renepan KaBaJIepHH (30.10.1912). ChIH renepan-nacnexropa )KaHLJ:apMepHH, q,eJIhLJ:ueHXMeHCTepa. OKOHqHJI Tepe3HaHcKYIO BoeHHYIO aKaLJ:eMHIO(1875) H BoeHHYIO llIKOJIy. Bsmymen BO 2-H LJ:paryHcKHH nOJIK. C 1.11.1883 B nrraoe 25-H nex. LJ:HBH3HH. C 26.4.1887 0pLJ:OHaHc-oq,HUep npn HaCJIeLJ:HHKe npeCTOJIa spnrepuore PYLJ:OJIhq,e,CTaJI OLJ:HHM HaH60JIee 6JIH3KHX K HeMY H3 JIIOLJ:eH.C 1891 q,JIHreJIh-aLJ:bIOTaHT HMnepaTopa. C 1892 CJIy)KHJI B nrratie KaB. LJ:HBH3HHB JIeM6epre (JIhBoBe). 18.6.1898 naanaxen HaqaJIhHHKOM pa3BeLJ:hIBaTeJIhHOra 6IOpO Boeanoro MHHHcTepcTBa. C 20.4.1903 KOMaHLJ:Hp 10-H nex. 6pHraLJ:hI. C 19.1.1904 HaqaJIhHHK Tepeanancxoii BoeHHoH aKaLJ:eMHH BHB nep- HoHllITaLJ:Te. C 8.4.1910 KOMaHLJ:Hp29- H nex. LJ:HBH3HH(Tepe3HeHllITaLJ:T). 1.10.1912 naanaxen KOMaHLJ:HpOMVIII AK (co llITa60M B IIpare). C HMeHeM r. CB5I3aHCKaMaJI, Pa3Pa3HBllIHHC5I B pa3BeLJ:hIBaTeJIhHOM6IOPO, KOrLJ:aOLJ:HH ero PYKoBOLJ:HTeJIeH H3 llOJIKOBHHK AJIh<ppeLJ:PeLJ:JIhB 1912 6hIJI pa306JIaqeH KaK pyc. llInHOH (ero npHBeJI na CJIYJK6y f.). 3purepuor (/)pall11-(/)epaUllalla nOTpe60BaJI OTCTaBKH H LJ:aJKe naxana CJIeLJ:CTBH5I .n;eJIy no r., HO asmeparop (/)pall11-HoGup IOTBepr 3TO npeLJ:JIO)KeHHe. C HaqaJIOM BOHHhI xopnyc f. BOllIeJI B COCTaB 5-H apMHH rea, JI. (/)pa1l1w, npeLJ:Ha3HaqeHHOH LJ:JI5I J:eHCTBHH nporns L Cep6HH. B xopnyc BOllIJIH 9-51 nex. (ren, B. q,OH Illoiixeiuumoiie.Jlb) H 21-51 JIaHLJ:BepHa5I(q,eJIhLJ:MapllIaJI -JIeHTeHaHT IIllIH60pCKH) LJ:HBH3HH.B nepnosr HacTynJIeHHH na Cep6HIO xopnyc r. nonec T5I)KeJIhle norepn, a 21-51 LJ:HBH3H5I6bIJIa npaKTHqeCKH YHHqTO)KeHa. Bo BTOPOM HacTynJIeHHH r. onars LJ:eHCTBOBaJI HeYLJ:aqHOH nOCJIe osepezmoro nOpa)KeHH5I 6hIJI 3aMeHeH IlIOHxeHllITOHeJIeM. 3LJ:eChr. npHnOMHHJIH LJ:eJIO PeLJ:JI5I YBOJIHJIH B H aanac. 1.1.1919 YBOJIeH B OTCTaBKY.C 1928 npe3HLJ:eHTapHcToKpaTHqeCKOrO orimecrsa «AJIhT- HOHllTaLJ:n>, 06beLJ:HH5IBllIerO BhmycKHHKOB Tepesaancxoa aKaLJ:eMHH. Ero 6paT: BJI£!:LJ:HMHP (18.2.1860, <DIOHq,KHpxeH, Benrpna 20.4.1936, 3aJIbu6ypr), renepan KaBaJIepHH (15.8.1914). OKOHqHJI Tepesaancxyro BoeHHYIO aKaLJ:eMHIO (1879) H BoeHHYIO
1S4

_,;,

WKOJIY (1884). Bsmynren BO 2-H YJIaHCKHH nO.lIK. C 26.11.1893 BoeHHbIH arrame B KOHcTaHTHHOnOJIe, B 1898-1903 - B Co.pnn. C 24.11.1906 BoeHHhIH arrame rrpn BoeHHOM ynOJIHOMO"leHHOM B TYPUHH H Ipenaa. 10.12.1909 aaanaxen nOCJIOM B " UeTHHe (QepHOrapH5I), a 13.11.1913 - B Benrpaae. IIocJIey6HHCTBa spurepnora <DpaHua-<DepLJ:HHaHLJ:a BpyqUJI cepficxosry npaBUTeJIhCTBY aacrpo-nenrepcxati YJIhTUMaTYM, a nOCJIe HCTe'leHH5I cpoxa YJIhTHMaTYMa nOTpe60BaJI BepHTeJIhHhIe rpaMOThI H 06b5lBHJI 0 TOM, 'ITO ABCTPO- BeHrpH5I HaX0LJ:HTC5I COB CT05lHHH BOHHhI C Cep6HeH. COCT05lJI npa fJIaBHOH xaaprnpe H B 1915 LJ:aJKe nJIaHHpOBaJIOCh era aaanaseaae KOMaHLJ:YIOm;HM apMHeH.

fHJIJIEHWMII,l(T 5IKOB <DeLJ:OpOBHqq,OH (21.10.1870 anp. 1918, KOJIOHH5I fHaq6ay), pyc. reuepan-neareuaar (7.5.1916). }b LJ:BOp5lHfP5l30BeUKoro yesna BOJIOrOLJ:CKOH ry6ePHHH. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B IIaJKeCKOM xopnyce (1890). Bunyureu B 1-10 KOHHo-apT. 6aTapeIO. B 1891 nepenenea B rnap,llHIO. C 1895 aLJ:bIOTaHT l-ro LJ:HBM3HOHa rBapLJ:eHCKOHKOHHOapr, 6pHraLJ:hI, C 1898 6pHraLJ:HhIH aLJ:bIOTaHT. .4.1903- 26.3.1904 6 KOMaHLJ:Up 1-H fiarapea rBapLJ:eHCKOH KOHHo-apT. 6pUraLJ:hI. B COCTaBeTepcxo- Ky6aHcKoro KOHHoro nOJIKa yqacTBOBaJI B PYC.JInOHCKOH BOHHe 1904-05. 3a 60eBhle OTJIHqH5I B 1906 narpazcnea OpLJ:eHOMCB. Ieoprna 4-H CTeneHH H 30JIOThIM 0pY)KUeM. C 14.1.1906 KOMaHLJ:UpKasxaacxoro sanacnoro KaB. LJ:HBH3UOaa, C 7.7.1906 - 44-ro (c 1907 - 17-ra) nparyncxoro HH)KerOponcxoro nOJIKa, C 21.5.1912 - 1-H 6pHraLJ:hI KaBKa3CKOH KaB. ,l.{HBU3UU, C 8.6.1912 - JIeH6-rBapLJ:HH Kapacnpcxoro Era BeJIH'IeCTBa nOJIKa. 25.3.1914 nasuasea KOMaHLJ:UpOM JIeH6-rBapI v v ,nHU KOHHOH aprnnnepaa, BO rnase KOTOPOHscryrran B BOHHy. C 29.9.1914 KOMaHLJ:YIom;HH3-H 2l0HCKOH Ka3., C 11.10.19142-H mapLJ:eHCKOH KaB. LJ:HBU3HeH.B LJ:eK.1914 BO BpeM5I 60eB B IIeTpoKoBCKOH ry6epHHH nOLJ: ra KOMaHLJ:0BaHUeM06be,rJ;HHeHhI e 1-51,2-51 rBapLJ:eHCKa5IKaB., YpaJIhCKa51 Ka3. LJ:HBH3HUU 3a6aHKaJIhCKa5IKa3. 6pHraLJ:a (npenenno), H T.O. C03LJ:aHa xpynnaa KaB. rpynna. C 13.5.1915 KOMaHLJ:HpIV KaB. xopnyca. JIeToM H oceHhIO 1915, LJ:eHcTBY51 IIOJIeChe, npeLJ:OTBpaTHJI npopsrs aBCTB po-repv. KaBaJIepMU. B KOHue 1917 BhIBeJI xopnyc na 2l0H H nepeaen urraf B POcToB-Ha-2loHY, B 51HB. 1918 C,l.{aJIKOMaH,rJ;O1SS

BaHIIC A.TI KOH apMHII. 1918 "pII HHC II npa C Hc60JIblIIIIM

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f. KOMaH,ll;OBaJI 5-H apMIIcH,

pa3BII-

KOH BOCHHOH lIIKO.1C (1884) Y'IaCTBOBaJI B KIITaHcKoH <pcccop CCH-CHPCKOH TIIKII rrCXOTbI AKMCMHII 1913 noro Ha'IaJIbHIIK MIIHIICTpa

II AKatI;CMIIH

HaCTY"JIeHIIe

Peioaca.

B MOPCKYIO rrCXOTY CJIY)KHJI BO <1>paH~HH, TOHKHHC, 3KCIIetI;H~IIH fCHlIITa6a. 1900-01. C 1903 BOCHHOH lIIKOJIbI, C 1907

Bsrcurero

BOCHHOro COBCTaII renepan - IIHcrrCKTOp apMHII. B 1924BOHCKaMII B 1925 HeKOTOpoC BpCMH 3aHIIMaJI rrOCT BOCHHO-

30 rJIaBHOKOMaH,ll;YIOIIl.IIH <ppaH~. OKKy"a~UOHHbIMH B fcpMaHIIII. ro MHHMcTpa.

nporpeccop

C 1909 CJIY)KIIJI B BOCHHOM IICXOTbI. C HHB. MHHHCTCPBOCHKa6HHeTa

MHHIICTCPCTBC, C 1912 ,ll;IIPCKTOP tI;CIIapTaMcHTa CTBa. O,ll;HOBpCMeHHo rrOpH)KCHHH ren.)I(. KOMaH,ll;Hp C 14.61914 Ha'IaJIbHIIK

61Opo CJIY)K6bI IICXOTbI BOCHHOro A. MCCCHMH. B aasane

flfJIblJEBCKlfit
rCHCpaJI-JICHTCHaHT 'IHJI HHKOJIaCBcKYIO

KOHcTaHTuH

JIYKII'I

(5.3.1857

?),

pyc. 3K-

(12.7.1916). aKMCMHIO

BbItI;CP)KM fCHlIITa6a

o<pHI~epcKHH

BOHHbl COCTOHJIB pacHa'IaJIbHHK KPCIIOCTH 33-H IICX.

3aMCH IIpH TH<pJIUCCKOM nex, IOHKCPCKOM Y'IHJIHIIl.C, 3aTCM OKOH(1890). C 14.6.1896 lIITa6lIITa3aBC,ll;Y10lll.IIH M06HJIH3a~HOHHbIM O<PII~Cp tI;JIH rroPY'ICHHH, 6a KaBKa3CKOrO JICHIIII 270-ro 63- H nex. BO. OT,ll;CJIOM,C 9.10.1896 cTaplIIHH azrsicraar

)/(opppa.
Y'IaCTBOBaJI

C 2.9.1914

,ll;HBH3IIH, 3aTeM B03rJIaBHJI

4-10

nex,

tI;IIBH3HIO. C <peBp. 1915

Bepaen (1916), B CpmKeHIIII aa CoMMe. 13.12.1916 npIIHM OT rea. P. Hueenx 2-10 apMHIO. Ha apMHIO r. (XIII, XV, XVI H XXXII AK
AK. B 060pOHC 14 tI;IIBH3IIH, repsr. AK 2579 0PY,ll;HH) 6bIJIO B03JIO)KCHO "POBCtI;CHHe AB~ na ryCTOBCKOH onepanna IIOtI;rOTOBKH BOHCKa ~HII <pP~H~. apMHH

C 10.4.1899 6pHrMbI. 14.6.1905

C 28.11.19011IITa6-0<pH~Cp C 1. 6.1904 16-ro

IIpH ynpasKOMaH,ll;IIp rpenaaepcxoro

nex, peaepauoa Kynaacxoro, C

Maace

npOTHB 20.8.1917

pe3CPBHOro

II

(12 ,ll;HBII3HH H 1100 OPY,ll;IIH). TIOCJIC 7-tI;HCBHOH

r. rrCpClIIJIH

VII apr,

MHHrpeJIhCKOrO BH3HII, C 3.4.1913 BII3HH.

rrOJIKa, C 3.9.1908 - 1- H 6pHrMhl

- 1-H 6pIIrMw39-H 19.7.1914 nomna

nex,

,ll;Hna-

KaBKa3CKOH rpeHMCPCKOH

B HacTyrrJICHHC H na 3aHHTYIO

TIPH rrpOBCtI;CHIIH

M06HJIII3a~IIH

Ha3Ha'ICH B COCTaB lIITa6c

CJIC.n;ylOllI.HH ,ll;CHb 3axBaTHJIH

PM

BbICOT. B PC3YJIbTaTe onepaeerie TeppHTopIIIO, OK 10 TbIC. 'IeJI.

-KOMaHtI;YIOIIl.HM 83-H

nex,

,ll;HBH3HCH, KOTOPM Ha'IaJIhHHK AK.

B03BpaTHJIa

repsr. BOIICKaMH B 1916. APMIIH ren. M. apMHeH xoro 'IeJI)

r. B3HJIa B IIJIeH

XXXI AK. Kaescxoro

CTBCHHoro 101- H

9.11.1914 BO.

nepeneztea

B pC3CpB 'IHHOB npa

25.3.1915

II 3aXBaTHJIa 30 OPY,ll;HH H 250 nYJIeMCTOB

14.12.19173aMCHHJI

OrrOJI'ICHHH. 3.7.1915

Cappaiinsi

na rrOCTY rJIaBHOKOMaH,ll;YIOIIl.CrO BOCTO'IHOH K 3TOMY MOMCHTY B COCTaB CaJIOHUKC(8

rrex, tI;HBH3HCH XXXII

r. Ha3Ha'ICH

1-H ,ll;HBH3HH rocyztapKOMaHtI;YIolliHM

OTJIH'IHJICH npn B3HTHH .lly6B 60HX 22.5-4.6.1916 6hlJI narpaacnea tI;OJI)K-

(CaJIOHHKU).

HO H TICPCMCJIH, B 60HX nozt JIa OK. 15 TbIC. nJIeHHbIX; OP,ll;CHOMCB. Ieoprna JIIO~IUI, nocreii, 3arrMHoro xorzta

Bponaaa.

<ppoHTa BXO,ll;HJIO23 rrex. tI;UBH3IIII 3tI;eCb

rppanu.,

6 cepficxax, OK. 600 TbIC.

6JICCTHIIl.e PYKOBOtI;HJI ,ll;eHCTBHHMH ,ll;HBH3HH, KOTOPM 3aXBaTH3a 3TO [ 21.10.1916 4-H CTcrrCHH. TIOCJIC <1>CBPaJIhCKOHPCBO'IIICJIO BhIClIIHX npHHHJI KOMaHtI;OBaHHC

4 aHrJI ,3 rpexecxnx,

r. asmana

1 UTaJIbHHCKM TPYtI;HM

U 1 pyc.; ncero

3Ma'Ia

BOCCTaHOBHTb tI;YX co-

I03HbIX BOHCK, Pa3JIO)KUBlIIUXCH BCJIC,ll;CTBUC IIPOtI;OJI)KUTCJIbHOro 6C3,ll;CHCTBIIH, U COrJIaCOBaTb paCXOtI;HIIl.IIeCH IIHTCPCCbI coI03HUKOB aa DaJIKaHCKOM nOJIYOCTPOBC

OCB060,ll;HJIOCh 60JIblIIOC

I' 6.4.1917
<ppoHTa.

XI

AK

2-H apMHH

I'

COCTaBlIJI IIJIaH na-

156

157

<pOH DeHeKeH,ll0P<P yH,ll <pOH fI1H,lleH6ypr Beneckendorf und von Hindenburg) Ilaym, (2.10.1847, Ilosea - 2.8.1934, HMeUHe HOH,lleK, peiixcrieaapx Mapaeaneztep, BOCTO'lUa5I Ilpyccaa), repu. renepan-rpenszoaapuran. Csnr odmnepa, Ilepsouasaasaoe 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B Ka.l{eTCKOM xopnyce. B arrp. 1866 BCTynHJI B CJIYiK6y JIeHTeHaHTOM B 3-H rBap.n:eHcKHH nex. nOJIK, B panax KOTOPOro y'laCTBOBaJI B aBCTpo-npyccxoii BOHHe 1866 H <ppaHKo-npyccKoH BOHHe 1870-71 (B T.'l. B cpasceaaa npa Ceztane). B 1873-76 yqHJICa B BoenHOH axaztenmr. C 1877 CJIYiKHJI B Ieaurraoe, C 1878 - B nrrarie II AK, C 18811-H orpnnep (Ha'laJIbHHK oneparaanoro ornena) nrratia 1-H .n:HBH3HH.C 1884 KOMaH.n:HPPOTbI 58-ro nex, nOJIKa. C 1885 - B DOJIbllOM Iennrratie, CJIY)KHJIB orztene, B03rJIaBJIaeMOM rea, A. <pOH Illnuiptpeuo»: C 1888 - B nrraoe III AK, C 1889 Ha'laJIbHHK OT.n:eJIaA-2 (nexora) Ofimero ztenaprasreura Boennoro MHHHcTepCTBa. C 1893 KOMaH.n:HP91-ro nex. nOJIKa, C 1896 Ha'laJIbHHK urrafia VIII AK, C 1900 Ha'laJIbHHK 28-H znrBH3HH, C 1903 KOMaH.n:HPIV AK. B 1911 B 'lHHe rerrepana rrexoTbI asnnen B OTCTaBKY.22.8.1914 naanaxea BMeCTOren, M. JIpumBUl~a YHa Ta¢rjJpoHa KOMaH,llY10IllHM 8- H apMHeH, .n:eHcTBoBaBureii na BOCTO'lHOM <ppouTe. I1Mea scero OK. 240 TbIC. xen. npoTHB 540 TbIC. sen. npOTHBUHKa, BbITeCUHJI pyc. BOHCKaH3 BocTO'lHOH Ilpyccan, npH'leM 2-a pyc. apsraa ren. A.B. CaM-COHOBa qbIJIa nO'lTH nOJIHOCTblOYHH'lTO)KeHa B Cpa)KeHHH non TaHHeH6eprOM. Ilocae roro KaK BCJIe.n:CTBHe1lH60K reu. r. <pOHMoss0 mxe nepeonaxansnsni nJIaH pasrpoua <PpaHQHH He yztanca, r. npe.n:JIO)KHJIBepxOBHOMY KOMaH.n:OBaHHIO nanpannrs rJIaBHbIH ynap nporas POCCHH.Ilo MHeHHIO r., s re-remre 3HMbI 1914-15 IT. PYCCKHMMO)KHO6bIJIO YCTPOHTb pan «Ce.n:aUOB!>,.n:JIaxero KOMau.n:OBaHHe pyc. apMHaMH npe.n:CTaBJIaJIO «6JIarOrrpHaTHble rrpenaaprrrensasre YCJIOBHa!>.Ozmaxo npennozcenae r. ne 6bIJIO npHHaTO rornaunnra Ua'laJIbUHKOM llOJIeBOrO Ienurraoa ren. 3. <pOHct>aJlbKellzaiiHoM. 18.9.1914 naanaxen KOMan.n:yloIllHM 9-H apMH;H C no.n:'lHUeUHeM eMY TaK)Ke H 8-H apMHH, BO rnase KOTOPOH nOCTaBJIeU rea. P. <pOHIlIy6epm. C 1.10.1914 rJIaBUOKOMaH.n:YIOIllHH na Bocroxe. B OKT. 1914, nOCJIe .n:eMOHCTpaQHH, rrpoasaeaennoa B IO)KHOH Ilonsure, r. OTOlleJI K rpaaanasr CHJIe3HH H K n03HaHH. I'naenue CHJIbI npOTHBHHKa (OK. 20 xopnycos) BbI,llBHHYJIHCb B H3JIY'lHHY BHCJIbI, rrpauepno Me)K-

fMH.ZJ;EH6YPf,

(von

JJ.Y BpOQJIaBOM H Kpaxoaoa: B naxane Hoa6. OHH Y)Ke npH6JIH3HJIHCb K BOCTO'lHbIM rpaanuaa Iepuamnr. B 3TOM OT'la51HHOM nOJIOiKenrm r. no c06cTBeHHoH HHHQHaTHBe npHHaJI peIIIeHHe OCTaBHTb na <ppoHTe JIHllb TOUKYIO sasecy .n:JIRMacKHpoBKH, a fJIaBHYIO Maccy apMHH nepeopocnrs no iKeJIe3HbIM noporaxr na JIHHHIO Topa-Taeaea H orryna yzraparr, BO <pJIaHr H TbIJI pyc. apMHH. Pacnonaraa, no cpaBHeHHIO C PYCCKHMH, necssta CJIa6bIMH CHJIaMH, r. npOCHJI rromcperrxenaii. B 3TO BpeMR B IepjsaHHH 6bIJIH C<pOpMHpoBaHbI 4 peaepsuux xopnyca, npeHMYID:eCTBeHHOH3 BOJIbHOOnpe,lleJIRIOID:HXCR; O <PaJIbKeHfaHH He COH rJIaCHJICR nars HX r., T.K. roTOBHJI HaCTYTIJIeHHe BO <PpaHQHH. TOJIbKO nOCJIe roro KaK onepauaa npOBaJIHJIaCb, C 3ana.l{HOfO CPPOHTl6bIJIH CHaTbI 7 nex. H 1 KaB. ,llHBH3Ha H neperipoureau na BOCTOK,Ky,lla OHH npH6bIJIH Y)Ke CJIHllKOM n03.n:HO. Bnaroztapa 3TOMY rnasnsre CHJIbl PYCCKHX, HaXO,llHBIIIHeCR na JIeBOM 6epery BHCJIbI, H36eiKaJIH nomroro nopaacenaa; HO JIO.n:3HHCKaR onepanas 3aCTaBHJIa BeJIHKOro KHa3a Huxonast Huxonae6U1UJ nepeiirn OT nacrynnenas K 060poHe. B <peBp. 1915 aa BOCTO'lHbIH <pPOHT no npocstie r. npHCJIaHO 4 xopnyca, C HX nOMOID:blOI O.n:ePiKaJI OBYIO6oJIbrnyIO no6e.n:y, pasrpoxan 10-10 H pyc. apMHIO rea, <P.B. Cueepca. Ho pa3BHTb 3TOT 'laCTHbIH ycnex HacTynJIeHHeM B TbIJI pyc. apMHH OH He csror H3-3a rreaoCTaTKa cpencrs. 23.2.1915 aarpaacaea opztenosr Pour le Merite C .n:y60BbIMH BeTBaMH. B cepezmne anp. 3aKOJIe6aJIca necs Kapnarcxaii <pPOHT; ABCTPO- Benrpna HaXO,llHJIaCb HaKaHYHe xpaxa, ,llJIa ee cnacenaa 6bIJIa C03.n:aHaapsraa rea. A. <pOHMa1Ce1l3eHa, KOTOPa51B aasaxe Ma5I rrpopsana pyc. <pPOHT na JIHHHH fOpJIHQe- TapHOB, nOCJIe 'lero pyc. BOHCKa6bIJIH BbITeCHeHbI H3 faJIHQHH. Ha'laJIOCb 06IQee nacrynnenae QeHTpaJIbHbIX ztepzcaa no BceMY <PPOHTY.B nasane HIOJIa f. npe.n:JIOiKHJI K <pPOHTaJIbUOMYHacTynJIeHHIO .n:06aBHTb yztap 10-H apMHeH B TblJI no HanpaBJIeHHIO KOBHO, BHJIbHa, MHHCK. TeM apeaeaesr Bepxosnoe KOMau.n:OBaHHenpHKa3aJIO nposecra 60JIee MeJIKHH ofixozr OT MJIaBJ>I. Oztnaxo nacryrranmae sztecs repsr. BOHcKa 6bIJIH aaaepzcansr na HH)KHeM Hapene, H pyc. apMHH, naxozraauraeca na JIeBOM 6epery BHCJIbI, ycnena cnacrncs. nOCJIe aroro f. eute paa npe.n:JIO)KHJInacrynnenae no TOMy iKe onepaQHOHHOMYHanpaBJIeHHIO KOBHO, BHJIbHa, MHHCK, HO H na 3TOT paa ero npe.n:JIOiKeI-II1e6bIJIO orseprnyro, Otixozt 6bIJI rrpoaase159

158

JlIo,l{eH,l{oP<P rrOHHMaJIH, 'ITO 3aTRrHBaHHe BOHHbI ,l{JIR IepaaHHH paBHOCHJIbHO caMoy6llHCTBY, HO ,l{JIR npaaeneaaa ecrpareraa yHl{qTO:>KeHHR~ 6JIarOrrpllRTHble cnysaa 6bIJIH Y:>Ke ynyru:eHbI: na 3arra,n;e- rrpH MOJIbTKe, Ha BOCTOKe- rrpa <PaJIbKeHraHHe; aHrJIO-<ppaHQ. BOHCKa YKPbIJIllCb aa TPY,l{HO,l{OcTyrrHbIMll yxpenneaaaaa, a pYCCKHe YIIIJIll B rJIy6b crpansr. PeIIIeHO 6bIJIO naxars neorpanaseanyro rrO,l{BO,l{HYIO BOHHY (aasanacs C 1.2.1917), a na cyme noxa nepacarsca 06opOHHTeJIbHOrO cnoco6a ,l{eHCTBllH. O,l{HaKO K KOHQY 1917 BbIRCHllJIOCb, 'ITO XOTR noztaonnsre JIO,l{Kll II HaHOCllJIll OrpOMHbIH npea BceMY X03RHCTBy BeJIHK06pHTaHllH, penrars BOHHY OHH Bce-TaKH He csrorJIll. T.K. f. H JIIO,l{eH,l{OP<P,rrO,l{06HO <PaJIbKeHraHHY, CqHTaJIH BCRKoe COrJIaIIIeHHe C AHTaHToH II ocotienao C BeJIHK06pHTaHHeH cOBepIIIcHHo HeB03MO:>KHbIM,TO HM OCTaBaJIOCbBOCrrOJIb30BaTbCR rrepBbIM 6JIarorrpHRTHbIM CJIyqaeM ,l{JIR rrepexozta B peIIIHTeJIbHOe aacrynnenae C QeJIbIO npopsars yxpenneaasre JIllHHH nporaenaxa II pasrpoxars ero B OTKPbITOM cpazceaaa. TaKOH CJIyqaH rrpe,l{CTaBHJICRB MapTe 1918, rrOCJIe3aKJIIOqeHKR Mapa C POCCHeH H PYMbIHHeH, lIO nasaroe nacrynnenae, HeCMOTPRna nepeoaaxansnsre ycnexa, 3aKOHqHJIOCb HeY,l{aqeH, H 11 HOR6. 6bIJIO 3aKJIIOqeHO nepesrapae na HeCJIbIXaHHOTR:>KeJIbIX .l{JIRIepaaann YCJIOBKRX.ITOCJIesroro na B03JIO:>KeHa asaxyaIJ:KR yzce pa3JIaraBIIIeHCR repx. apxaa, a 3aTeM OH 6bIJI nasaaxea rJIaBHOKoMaH.l{yIOmHMaa BOCTO'IHOHrpanaue, 26.6.1919 BblIIIeJI B OTCTaBKYII rrOCeJIHJICR Iaaaosepe. Bo BpeMR BOHHbI rrOJIb3OB BaJICRB Iepnaana Heo6blqaHHOH rrorrYJIRpHOCTbIO, CqHTaRCb Hal(HOHaJIbHbIM repoex, 3TOH rrorryJIRPHOCTH OH 06R3aH B 3HaqHTeJIbHOH crenemr CBOHM ycnexoa na rrpe3H,l{eHTCKHX BbI6opax B arrp. 1925, rne eMY B xasecrne xanaazrara npansrx rrapraii (6JIOKa JIe6eJIJIR) yzanocs ozrepzcars rro6e.n;y nazt KOHKypeHToM

zten JIHIIIb B aaxane CeHT. cesepnee BHJIbHbI na CMOprOHb H MOJIO,l{eqHO, HO B :3TOBpeMR OH yzce He Mor nars xpyrrmrx pe3YJIbTaTOB, TeM fionee, 'ITO ,l{JIRHero 6bIJIH aasnasemr He,l{OCTaroxnere CHJIbI. Pyc. apM!lRM, XOTR H CHJIbHO paCCTpoeHHbIM, ynanocs OTOHTH na JIHHHIO lJepHOBQhl, ITHHCK, .llBHHCK, Para, rzte OHH YKperrHJIHCb na <ppoHTe 1300 KM. 29.8.1916 <PaJIbKeHraHH 6bIJI 3aMeHeH aa nocry HaqaJIbHHKa ITOJIeBoro feHIIITa6a (1-M reaepan-xsaprapaeacrepoa nasnaxea rea, 3. JbodelldOprjJ). Iepssaaaa HaXO,l{HJIaCb B TR:>KeJIOMrrOJIO:>KeHHH.f. H

B. MapKcOM. B 1932 rrepeasopaa na nocr npeannenra CTBa.ABTOP MeMyapoB d13 MoeH :>KH3HH~(M., 1922).

30 1.1933

nopysnn JIH.l{epy H C.llAI1 A Inrnepy <pOPMllpOBaHHenpasarensfMPIIIAY3P (Hirschauer) Orrocr-Bzryapa (167.1857, CeH-ABo - 1943, Bepcans), <ppaHQ. ,l{HBH3HOHHbIH renepan (1916). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B I10JIHTeXHHqeCKOH IIIKOJIe H HH:>KeHepHOMyxanante (1878). BbIIIymeH B HH:>K.BoHCKa. YqaCTBOBaJI B axcrreztanna B IO:>KHOM Opane (AJI:>KHp), COCT05lJI nporpeccopost <pOpTH<pHKaQHHCeH-CHpcKOH BoeHHoH IIIKOJIbI, 3aTeM 3aHHMaJI nOCT renepan -nncrrexropa llH:>K BOHCK. Bo speM5I BOHHbI B 1916-18 ycneumo KOMaH,l{OBaJI63- H rrex. ,l{HBH3HeH H XVIII AK. B KOHQe 1918, rrepezt HaqaJIOM otinrero nacrynJIeHH5i AHTaHTbI, npHH5IJI KOMaH,l{OBaHllC 2-H apMHeH. Ho apMH5I axrnsnoro ysacrna B HaCTynJIeHHH HC npHHIIMaJIa, ooecnexasaa <pJIaHr HacTynaBIIIHx BOHCK. B KOHQe 1918 3aHHMaJI rrOCT ryfiepnaropa Crpacfiypra. B 1919 BbIIIICJI B OTCTaBKY· B 1920-40 cenarop OT M03eJI5I. fOfJIMA, C 1915 - fOrJIHa PHTTep <pOH 3JIOTa JIHna (Goglia Ritter von Zlota Lipa) <Pep,l{HHaH,l{ <pOH (13.9.1855, EY,l{aneIIIT -17.9.1941, Bena), aacrpo-aenrepcxaii <peJIb,l{QCHxMeHcTep (14.11.1916). CbIH MaHopa. Otipaaosanae nOJIyqHJI B BeHcKoH BoeHHo-TCXHHqeCKOH aKa,l{eMHH. CJIY:>K6y naxan 1.9.1875 JIeHTeHaHTOM 12-ro apr, nOJIKa. YqaCTBOBaJI B OKKynaQHH EOCHHH B 1878. C 1900 HHCTpyKTO~ IIIKOJIbI apr, ztenapTaMeHTa. C 18.9.1900 KOMaH,l{Hp 16-ro, C 24.4.1906 - 2-ro apr, nOJIKa. C 11.12.1907 HaqaJIbHHK IIIKOJI apr. ,l{enapTaMcHTa. 28.9.1912 aaanaxea rrpe3H,l{CHTOMBOeHHO-TeXHHqeCKoro KOMHrera, C HaqaJIOM BOHHbI nepeseztea B ,l{eHcTBYIOru:yIO apMHIO H nasnaseu KOMaH,l{HpOM apr, 6pHra,n;bI 43-H JIaH,l{BepHOH nex . ,l{HBH3HH III AK rea. 3. Konepyca . .lleHcTBOBaJI na I10JIbCKOM <ppoHTe B COCTaBC2-H apMHH rea. 3. EeM-3pMOJlU. I1pOCJIaBHJIC5I CBOHMH ycneIIIHbIMH ,l{eHCTBH5IMH B 605lx npa JIeM6epre, I1BaHrOpO,l{e H Kensuax, rne KOMaH,l{OBaJIapr 6pHra,n;OH 12-H rrex. ,l{HBII3HII. B nex. 1914 OTJIHqHJIC5IB CPa:>KCHHH npa JIIlMaHOBc-JIanaHYBe B ztex. 1914.3.12.1914 aaaaaxen KOMaH,l{HpOM 33-H nex. ,l{HBH3HH. YqaCTBOBaJI B 605lx B paiione fOPJIHQC- TapHOB H na Zlaecrpe. IToCJIe Ha3HaqeHH5I rCH. I1. fIYXaJLJlO dxn«
6 KTO 6h1J1lITO 8 llepBOlt MIIpOBO~ BOAHe

r.

r.

r. r.

160

161

r._CMeHl'!JIero na noCTY KOMaH,llMpa V AK. Ilon ero KOMaH,llOBaHMeMxopnyc <popCMpOBaJI .llHecTp, B351JIMMKOJIaeB, OT6poCMB npOTMBHMKa OT 30JIOTOM JIMnbI. Bo BpeM5I DPYCMJIOBCKOroHacTynJIeHM5I KOpnyc np05lBMJI -ryzteca BbI,llep)l(KM M He 6bIJI pa3rpOMJIeH, a ,,(a)l(e ycnenrao yztepzcan n03M~MM. B cenr, 1916 B COCTaBxopnyca BXO,llMJIM33-51 (<peJIb,llMapIIIaJI-JIeMTeHaHT XOP,llT), 34-51 (renepaJI-MaMOp <pOHDMpKeHxaMH), 14-51(<peJIb,llMapIIIaJI-JIeMTeHaHT M. KCMKCMPMKC<POHDaKceHM) nex. M 43-51 CTpeJIKOBa5I(renepaJI-MaMOp <pOH Hopziaa- P03Ba,llOBCKM) ,llMBM3MM.B ztex. 1917 nasnaxeu renepan-aacnexropou apTllJIJIepMM, HO B MIOJIe 1918 BepHYJIC5IB ,lleMcTBYIOIIIYIO apsnno na I1TaJI. <PPOHT.Bo BpeM5I HacTynJIeHM5I ira Ilsaae B MIOJIe 1918 KOMaH,llOBaJI XXIV AK na yxacrxe MOHTeJIJIo. B cerrr. 1918 nasnasen KOMaH,llYIOIIJ,llM TOJIbKOqTO C<pOpMMpoBaHHoMapMeMcKoM rpyrmoii ~DeJIJIYHo~, KOTOPa51 6blJIa paarposrnena 24.10.1918 B xozte Cpa)l(eHM5I npa BMTTOPMO-Beaero. 31.12.1918 BblIIIeJI B OTCTaBKY.

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C<pOpMllpOBaH aBCTpaJIMMCKO-HOB03eJIaH,llCKllM Kopnyc (ANZAC) rea. Y. Suaayaa, r. B ero COCTaBe6bIJI narrpasnen aa 3ana,llUbIM <PPOHT.Ilocne C03,llaHll51 a 1916 II xopnyca ANZAC ·6bIJI naanaxea ero KOMaU,llllpoM. YqaCTBOBaJI B 3-M Hnpcxou cpaacenan, Ocofiemro ueY,llaqHbIMll CTaJIll 60M 12.10.1917, xor, .lla xopnyc E'norepan 2735 qeJI. Ilocne 3TOro ,llO H05l6. 1919 6bIJI naanasen KOMaH,llYIOIIviM Hoaoaenaancxaaa sxcnezramrOUUbIMll canasnr. B 1919-20 OCTaBaJIC5IB COCTaBeoxxynanaOHUbIX BOMCKua PeMHe, a B 1920 6bIJI aasnaxen BoeHHbIM cexperapex Boennoro MI1HllCTepCTBa. B 1922 aaanaxen KOMaH,llyIOlI.{llM aHrJI. BOMcKaMll B PeMncKoM 06JIaCTll. C 1928 ryfiepnaTOp M KOMaH,llYIOIIIllM BOMcKaMll B Iafipanrape.

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rO,l(JIII (Godley) AJIeKCaH,llp .ll)l(OH (4.2.1867, KeHT 6.3.1957, OKC<pOP,ll), HOB03eJIaH,llCKMMrenepan, CbIH xarnrraira aHrJI: apMMM. OKOHqMJI BoeHHYIO. axazteumc B Cannxypcre (1885). BbmYIIIeH B .lly6JIMHCKMM <pY3MJIepHbIM nOJIK. C 1896 azrsroranr ropao'i neXOTbI B OJI,llepIIIOTCKOM narepe. 3aTeM no co6cTBeHHoM rrpocsfie nanpaanerr C ropasnr 6aTaJIbOHOM B IO)l(HYIO A<PPMKY. B 1897 BepHYJIC5I B AHrJIMlo, rzte OKOHqMJI IIITa6HoM KOJIJIe,ll)l( B KllM6epJIM (1900). Bo BpeM5I yqe6bI KOMaH,llMpOBbIBaJIC5IB IO)l(HYIO A<PPMKY, rzte yqaCTBOBaJI B onepa~M5IX aHrJIO-6YPCKOM BOMHbI 1899-1902. C 1900 CJIY)l(MJIB OJI,llepIIIOTe B COCTaBeI1pJIaH,llCKOM rsapnan, Bo BpeM5I noceIIJ,eHM5I OBOM 3eJIaH,llMM B 1910 H Karxeaep npMH5IJI peIIIeHMe YCMJIMTbBoeHHYIO noztroromcy HOB03eJIaH,llCKMX xacrefi. Ilocne sroro OH HanpaBMJI B HOBYIO 3eJIaH,llMIO, rae TOT 6bIJI Ha3HaqeH KOMaH,llYIOIIIIIM CllJIaMll 060pOHbI. llOBbICllJI ypoaens nonrOTOBKll HOB03eJIaH,llCKllX sracrea a nO,llrOTOBllJI nx anrerpamno B otisezranennsre 6pllTaHCKlle BoMCKa. B asr. 1914 BO rnase 8,5 TbIC. HOB03eJIaH,llCKllX COJI,llaT6bIJI nepefipomen B Ernner. B ztetc. 1914 - anp. 1915 npononscan yt·Ie6Hble rpenapoaxa BOMCKB YCJIOBll5lX nYCTbIHll. YqaCTHllK 60eB na nOJIYOCTpOBe Ianmmonn, npoasan ce651 xpa6pbIM KOMaH,llllpOM. Korzia 6bIJI

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rOJIOBIIH Hmconaii HMKOJIaeBllq (4.12.1875, Mocxsa 10.1.1944, Ilapazc, <DpaH~H5I), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeMTeHaHT (16.8.1917). Oopasoaanae nonyxan B Ilazcecxoa xopnyce (1894) H HllKOJIaeBCKOM aKa,lleMllll reHIIITa6a (1900). CJIY)l(MJI B Pa3JIMqHbIX, npeMMYIIJ,eCTBeHHO rsapneiicxax, IIITa6ax. C 17.10.1905 cTapIIIMM azrsroranr IIITa6a BOMCK rsapznnt M Ilerepoyprcxoro BO. 5.11.1905- 22.6.1910 3aBe,llYloIIIMM nepeasaacenaea BOMCKno )l(eJIe3HO,llOpO)l(HbIM M BO,llHbIM nYT5IM TIeTep6yprcKO-PH)l(CKOro paiioaa, BoeHHbIM MCTOPMK,B 1905-07 cexperaps 06IIJ,eCTBa pesnarexea aoennsrx 3HaHHM. HeO,llHOKpaTHo KOMaH,llMpOBblBaJIC5IBO <DpaH~MlO ,llJI5I asyseaaa CJIY)l(6bI reHIIITa6a, no B03BpaIIIeHMM BeJI xypc ~CJIy)l(6a reHIIITa6a~ B BoeHHOMaKa,lleMMM. C 6.2.1908 3KCTpaOp,llMHapHbIM, C 18.4.1909 opznmapasrii npo<peccop HnKOJIaeBCKOM BoeHHOM axaztesraa. C 7.1.1914 KOMaH,llHp 20-ro ztparyacxoro <DMHJI5IH,llCKOrO nOJIKa. 25.7.1914 Ha3Haxen KOMaH,llMpOMJIeM6-rBap,llMM Ipozraeacxoro rycapcxoro nOJIxa, BO rnaae xoroporo BblCTynMJI na <pponT. C 3.11.1914 M.,ll. reaepan-xnaprapveticrepa IIITa6a 9-M.apMMM. 9.3.1915 narpazcnen Ieopraencxaa opyzcaex. C 24.10.1915 n.,ll. HaqaJIbHMKa IIITa6a 7-M apMMM. 9.12.1·916 3a COCTaBJIeHllennana ,lleMCTBllM apMMH B Mae1916 na Crpsme uarpaxzren opztenoxr CB. Ieoprna 4-M CTenena. Ilocne <DeBpaJIbCKOMpeaomouaa 17.4.1917 nopyxeno M.,ll. aasansnaxa IIITa6a nOMOIIJ,HMKarJIaBHOKOMaH,llYIOIIJ,eroapMM5IMMPYMbIHCKOro <ppoHTa. 15.10.1917 nepeaenen B pacnopa)l(eHne MHlIHCTpa-npe,llCe,llaTeJI5I if Bepxosaoro rJlaBHOKOMan,Z(yIOIIJ,erOA.<D. Kepencxoro. B Ipaxaancxyio BOMHYyexan na lOr

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POCCfIH,a aarexr BO cDpaHUIfIo. 26.8.1919 rrpM6bVI H3 cDpaH.QMM B apMMIO A.B. KOJl1JalW, KOTOPbIH npe,n;JIO)KfIJIeMY nocr nasansHMKa IIiTa6a M aoeanoro MMHfICTpa. 3aTeM - BUOBb BO BCIOP B H05l6. 1920 ,maKYHpOBaJIC5IfI3 Kpsura B faJIJIHnOJIM, 3aTeM BO cDpaH.QMIo. 22.3.1927 C03,n;aJI B03rJIaBIL'I Bsrcume soenno-naH ysnsre xypcsr POBC B ITapH)Ke. Bo BpeM5I2-H MHPOBOHBOHHbJ corpyznra-ran C HeM.QaMH,rrDMep)IUIBaJI Pyc. DCBD6D,n;HTeJIbUDe ,n;BH)KeHHe.ITpHrDBDpeu K CMepTH <ppau.Q. KDMMyuHcTaMII, UD cKopDrrDCTM)KHDyMep.

JI5I. C OKT. 1915 KOMaH,n;YIoIIIfIH 6-H ryp, apMHeH, 06'be,n;HUfIJI B CBOfIX pyxax PYKDBO,n;CTBO repu. H ryp, BOHcKaMfI B MeconoraMHH. Pa36HJI aHrJI. ren. q. Taunczenaa npn Kreaarpone 23.22.1915, nOCJIe -rero TOT BbIHY)K,n;eH6bIJI YHTH C BOHCKaMH B KYT-3JIb-AMapy, rae BnDCJIe,n;CTBfIJf anHTYJIfIpDBarr. ITD nJIaHY K r cnenosano 3aU5ITb BCID Ilepcmo H, HCnDJIb3QBaB ee B xa-reCTBe OCHOBHDH6a3bI, npennpnnars nOXD,n; B I1H.Il:MIO.YMep DT TH<Pa.ABTDP pa60T no BoeUHDH HCTDpHH.

rOJIbl( (Goltz) KOJIhMap BHJIbreJIhM JIeDnDJIb,n; <pDn zrep (12.8.1843, EJfJIbKen<peJIb,n;eu, 6JIJf3 JIa6ay, BDCTDqnM IlpycCH5I- 19.4.1916, Ear ztazr), 6apDn, repxt, renepan -<peJIb,n;MapllIarr ( 1.1.1911). 05pa3DBaHHe nOJIyqHJI B BDennDH axanesma (1867). B 1861 BCTynHJI B 41-H rrex. nDJIK. C 1868 CJIY)KHJIB BDeuHD-TDnorpa<pHqeCKDM OT,n;eJIeEDJIbllIDro Ienurratia, YqaCTUHK ascrpo-npyccxoa BDHUbI 1866 (6bIJI panen B Cpa)KeUHH npa Tpayrenay 27 MIDU5I) H <ppauKD-npyccKDH BDHUbI 187071, BO BpeM5I KOTDPDHCDCTD5IJI npn IIITa6e 2-H apMHH. C 1871rrpenozraaarem, BoeUHOH llIKOJIbI B Ilocrnave. C 1878 CJIY)KHJI B BDeUUD-HCTOpHqeCKDM DT,n;eJIeEDJIbllIOrO feUIIITa6a H D,n;UDapexenno rrpenoztasan B Boeanoa axanevaa. C 1883 - na ryp, cJIY)K6e; 5IBJI5I5ICba.n;'bIDTaUTDMcy JITaUa A6,n;yJI- Iaxrana, aasenosan BDeuuD-yqe6ubIMH 3aBe,n;eUH5IMH.B 1885-95 B03rJIaBJI5IJIrepxr. BDeUHYIO MHCCHIOB OCMaucKDH HMnepHH, pyKDBO,n;MJIrrpoaezrenaeu pe<PDPMbI Typ. apMHH, nposen ee nepesoopY)KeUHe H YJIyqIIIIIJI no,n;rDTOBKY KOMaH,n;HbIXKa.n;POB.B 1895 rrpoaanezren B MyllIfIPbI (xrapnrama), UD BD3BpaTIIJIC5I B IepxraHHIOH B 1896 naanaxen UaqarrbUHKOM 5- H nex. ,n;JfBJf3HfI.C 1899 llIe<p fIU)K. H naonepnoro xopnyca fI renepan-ancnexrop yxpenJIeUHH. C 1902 KOMaH,n;HpI AK, C 1907 renepan-ancrrexrop BOeaao-ysetinsrx 3aBe,n;eHHH Iepvaaaa, 3aTeM renepan-aacnexTDp 6-H apMeHcKoH fIHcneK.QHfI. B 1909-12 snne-rrpeaaneur BbICollIHD aoennoro COB era TYP.QHH. B aaxane BOHHbI 23.828.11.1914 3aHHMaJI nOCT reaepan-ryriepuaropa EeJIbrHH. 3aTeM BHOBbnepesezten B TYP.QMIo.C HD5I6. 1914 no anp. 1915a,n;'bIOTaHTcyzrrana. cDaKTHqeCKfI B03rJIaBHJI PYKOBO,n;CTBO BOeHUbIMH ,n;eHcTBH5IMfITYP. apxaa. C 14.4.1915 KOMaH,n;YIOIIIHH 1-H ryp. apMfIeH, pa3MeIIIaBllIei1c51 B parione KOHCTaHTfIHono164

rOJIbl( (Goltz) Piozmrep <PDH ztep (8.12.1865, UIOJIJIHxay - 4.11.1946, Knacerr; EaBapH5I), rparp, renepan-srafiop. YqaCTHJfK MfIpOBDH BDHUbI. C <peBp. 1918 KDMaH,n;Hp 12-H ,n;HBJf3HH, KOTOPM TaK)Ke fIMeUOBaJIaCh «BDCTDqUDH MDpCKDH.Il:HBH3HeH» HJIW ~EarrTlIHCKOH ,n;HBH3HeH».Jl.HBH3fI5I ,n;HCJIO.QfIpOBarraCb a n TepPJfTOpHH ITpJf6arrTHKH H cDMUJI5IH,n;HH. o rnase ,n;HBH3HH B opraUH3DBaJI nonannenae peBOJIIO.QHOHUbIX BblcTynJIeHHH B cDHUJI5IU.Il:HH, C<pDPMHPDBaJIB CDCTaBerepxr. apMHH «cDHHCKfIH xopnyc», ITD.n;.n:ep)KHBaJI nOJIHTHKY <pHUCKDro ren. K. MannepreHMa. C 5IUB. 1919 KOMau,n;YIDIIIHH repsr. BDHCKaMH B IlpnfianTHKe, C <peBp. - KDMau,n;Hp VI pesepanoro xopnyca, xyzta BXD,n;HJIHqaCTH JIaTBUHcKDro nanzmepa, orpaa KU5I351 JIfIBeua H A. repu, «)KeJIe3Ua51 ,n;HBH3H5I».YqaCTBDBarr B 605lx C OTp5l,n;aMH KpacHDH apMHH B KYPJI5IU,n;HH.CTDPDUUHK CD3,n;aUH5I ITPHB 6aJITHKe MapHDHeTDqHOrO «EaJITHHCKOro repuorcrsa». B anp. pa30pY)KHJI B JIH6aBe JIaTbIllICKHe aauaoaam.nsre BOHcKa H CMeCTHJI npaBHTeJfbCTBO K. YJIbMaHHCa, 3aMeUHB ero CBDHM nporezce A. Hnenpoii. 22 MM B351JIPnry B HIOHe no cornaureHHIO C JIaTBHHCKHM npaBHTeJIbCTBOM BKJIIDqHJI «)KeJIe3uYID ,n;HBH3HID»B CDCTaB'JIaTBHHCKOHapMHH H BTOprC5I B JIHTBY, HO 6bIJI BbIHY)K.Il:eHDTcTynHTb. B cenr, BKJIIDqHJI CBOH BDHcKa B CDCTaB6eJIOH Ceaepo-Sanazmoii apMHH. B OKT. 1919 rtozt ztaaJIeHHeM CTpaH AIITaHTbI OTD3BaH repxr, npaBHTeJIbCTBDM. a BDUCKa r pacrpopnnponansr. B 1924-33 l-H npeztceztarens Iepn. COI03a 3aIUfIThI OTeqeCTBa, C 1934 <pIOpep Hesrenxoro HMnepcxoro COI03a 6bIBllIHX otpmrepon. ABTOP MeMyapOB. rOPfiATOBCKJ.fH: BJIa,n;fIMHp HHKDJIaeBHq (26.5.1851 30.7.1924, PeBeJIb, 3CTDHfI5I), pyc. renepan OT HH<paHTepUfI (12.12.1914). Ofipaaonanne nDJIyqUJI B 1-M ITaBJIOBCKOMyqH165

JIHIlle (1870). BbITIYIlleH B 3-H rpeuaaepcxaa KHeBcKHH nOJIK. Y'IaCTHHK Pyc.-TypeQKOH BOHHhI 1877-78. KOMaH.n;YjJ POTOH, OTJIH'IHJICjJ B 60HX no.n; IIJIeBHoH. C 5.7.1893 KOMaH.n;HPKpacnoapcxoro peaepsnoro 6aTaJIbOHa; C 16.3.1899 - 44-ro nex. KaM'IaTCKOro nOJIKa, C 8.10.1901 - 4-ro rpenaztepcxoro HeCBH)KCKOrOnOJIKa. C Ha'laJIOM pyc.-anoacxoa BOHHbI 1904-05 aasnasea 22.2.1904 KOMaH,[(HpOM 1-H 6pHra.n;bI 7-H BOCTO'lHOCH6HPCKOM CTpeJIKOBOH ,[(HBH3HH, 7 anp. npH6bIJI B xpenocrs IIopT-ApTYP, rzte HaXO,[(HJICjJB COCTaBe rapHH30Ha ,[(0 KOHl{a ocanu. 3a OTJIH'lHjJ aarpaxnen opzteaoxr CB. Ieopraa 4-H CTenena, nOJIyqHJI H3BeCTHOCTb xpa6poro H pacnopamrrensnoro BOeHa'laJIbHHKa. IIocJIe C,[(a'lH KpenOCTH r. naanasen npencenaTeJIeM KOMHCCHH no nepeztase BOeHHOnJIeHHbIX jJnOHCKHM BOHCKaM. C 22.3.1905 KOMaH.n;Hp 2-H 6pHra.n;bI 1-H rpeaaaepcxoa ,[(HBH3HH, C30.4.1905 Ha'laJIbHHK Anexceescxoro noeanoro ysaJIHIlla (Mocxaa). C 8.5.1909 Ha'laJIbHHK 3-H rpenanepcxoa ,[(HBH3HH. C 9.5.1914 KOMaH,[(Hp XIX AK, C KOTOPbIM BCTYnHJI B BOHHY B COCTaBe5-H apMHH IOro-3ana.n;Horo q,poHTa. K KOHl{e paaneprsmamra B COCTaB xopnyca BXO,[(HJIH 17-51 H 38-51 nex. '[(HBH3HH. Y'IaCTBOBaJI B faJIHl{KOH 6HTBe rra l{eHTpaJIbHOM yxaCTKe apMHH. 13(26) aar, BCTynHJI B 60H C 'laCTjJMH 4-H ascrponearepcxoii apMHH. B xone Touamescxoro Cpa)KeHHjJ na ero xopnyc rea. M. Ay¢¢eu6epz naaec yztap CHJIaMH II, VI H IX xopnycon rrozt TapHaBaTKoH. BOMcKa r., HeCMOTpjJ na 'lHCJIeHHbIH nepesec npoTHBHHKa, CMOrJIHy.n;ep)KaTbnOOHl{HH. 18 (31) asr; y Kouapoaa E, xopnyc xoroporo 6bIJI OXBa'leH C rpex CTOPOH, oT6poCHJI 'laCTH spnrepuora Ilerpa H cTa6HJIH3HPOBaJI CHTYal{HIO. 27.9.1914 narpaaoren opnenou CB. Ieopras 3-H CTeneHH. Bo BpeMjJ HaCTynJIeHHjJ repv. HeMaHCKOH apMHH, KOTOPAA K 25 anp. (8 MAA) OBJIa,[(eJIaIO)KHOH KypJIjJH,[(HeH, aanepacan nacTYnJIeHHe, cTa6HJIH3HpOBaB q,POHT. 12.6.1915 aasnasea KOMaH,[(YIOIllHM Cq,OpMHpoBaHHoH aa 6a3e rpynnsr rea, B.A. Onoxoea 13-H apMHH Cenepo-Sanaanoro q,poHTa. cI>aKTH'leCKH apaas nasana cnoe cymecrsoaanae JIHIIlb C KOHl{a HIOHjJ 1915. B xozte Ipytiemoacxoro Cpa)KeHHjJ [2-8 (15- 21) HIOJIjJ] yztepacan q,POHT npOTHB rrpesocxonamax ero CHJI Byrcxoa repsr. H 1-H ascrposearepcxoa apMHH, OTCTYnHB JIHIIlb ira 12 KM. B xone 60eB 3-5 (16-18) HIOJIjJ 'laCTH 1-H aacrpo-searepcxoit apMHH OCYIlleCTBHJIH npopsm aa BJIa.n;HMHP-BOJIbIHCKHH, HO 6bIJIH KOHTP166

r. orfipoureasr sa Byr. 9(22) HIOJIjJ ByrcKAA repa, H 1-51 ascrpo-senrepcxaa apMHH aTaKOBaJIH n03Hl{HH apMHH r. JI106JIHH-XOJIMCKOe cpaaceane 3aBepIIlHJIOCb rropaaceaaeu pyc. apMHM: 17 (30) 11I0JIjJpyc. BOMcKa C,[(aJIHJII06JIHH, 19 11I0JIjJ (1 asr.) - XOJIM. IIocJIe sroro rea. M.B. MeKceeo OT,[(aJI npaxaa 06 01Bo,[(e apMIfH 3a Byr. B aar, 1915 nOCJIe pana nopascenaii pyc. BOMCKnaxara neperpyrmaposrca BoMcK. 13-51apMH~ ynpaszmena, ee xopnyca nepenansr B 3-10. YnpaBJIeHHe 13-H apvna neperipomeao na KpaMHHM npaBbIM q,JIaHf B KYPJIjJH,[(HIO If neperpopxmpoaano B ynpaanenae 12-M apMHIf (crapoe ynpaBJICnae KOt~pOH pacrpopnapoaano), BKJIIO'lHBIIlYIO B ceria xacrs CHJI5-M apMIfHH pesepaa. 20.8.1915 r. B03rJIaBIfJI 12-10 apMHIO, KOTOPAA BOIIlJIa B COCTaB Cesepaoro rpponra. PYKOBO'[(IfJI apMHeH BO BpeMH IIpacHbIIIlcKHX onepauaii, orxozta H3 IIoJIbIIlIf, JIHq,JIHH,[(HIf, KYPJIHH,[(HH, B PHro-illaBeJIbCKOM onepanna. 8(21 ).3.1916 B xone 06IlleM OrrCpaIJ;HH <j>poHTa nposen 6e3YcrreIIlHYIO aTaKY repx. rr03HIJ;IfM CIfJIaMH VI Cnriapcxoro AK. Ycrrcxa onepanas He HMeJIa, a apMHH nOTepHJIa OK. 10 TbIC. 'leJI. 20.3.1916 nepenenea na rrOCT xostanztyromero 6-M apMIfcM Cenepnoro <j>pOIITa. IIocJIe nepeztaxn apMHH B COCTaBPYMbIHCKOro dlDOOTaIf rrepeopocxa ee aa tor 12.12.1916 B03rJIaBHJI 10-10 apMHID:IIpH rrJIaHHpOBaHHIf KaMrraHHH1917 na apMl1IO I', YCHJIeHHYIO,[(o 28,[(HBH3HM, B03JIO)KCHOHaHeCCHIfe rJIaBHOrO yztapa <j>poHTa na BHJIbHO- MOJIo,[(etIHo. 1.4.1917 CMeHeH H nepesezren B peseps. IIocJIe OKTjJ6pbCKOM peBOJIIOl{HH 3MHrpIfpOBaJI B 3CTOHl1IO. C 22.1.1920 npezrcezrarexs KOMHCCHIf ,[(JIH YCTpOMCTBa panensrx H60JIbHbIX 'lHHOB Cenepo-Sanaanoii apMIfH rea. H.H. IOJenu'Ila.
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rOP,lJ;OH (Gordon) AJIeKcaH'[(p faMHJIbTOH (1859 - 1939), aHrJI. rCHCpaJI. B 1904-08 CJIY)KHJIB BoeHHoM MHHIfCTepCTBe, ,[(HpeKTOp orreparnaaoro OT,[(eJIa,O,[(HHH3 6JIH)KaMIIIHX COTPY.n;HHKOB rea. 2l. Xeiiza. IIocJIe aasana BOMHbI B3HT Xeiiroa BO <PpaHIJ;HIO.IIoJIY'lHJI B apMHIf npoaannte «COJIHC'lUbIM 2l)KHM~ (Sunny Jim). B HlOHe 1916 aaana-ren KOMaH,[(HpoM IX AK. YqaCTBOBaJI B HacTynJIeHHIf na COMMe. OTJIH'IHJICjJ B cpaaceHHH y Meccansr B COCTaBeBOMCKrea, r. Ilmouepa B anp. 1918 (BO BpeMH repsr. nacrynnemra). 27.5.1918 BO BpeMH repsr. nacTyrrJIeHHH na 3He, naXO,[(HCbna CTbIKe apMHH rea. 2l. /I,lOUlene,
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,llell:CTBOBaJIneyzta-nro n ero xopnyc nonec 60JIbiliHe norepa, a COI03HHKH CTPY,llOM CMOrJIH npeononerr, B03HHKIlIHll: H3-3a nopaJKeHH5Ianrno-rppann, rpyrmsr xpaaac.Zhomene rrOTep5IJIrrOCT HeMe,llJIeHHO, a r. erne nexoropoe BpeM5I KOMaH,llOBaJI xopnyCOM, noxa B cenr. 1918 rea, r. POYJlU1iC01iY yztanocs ,ll06HTbC5I ero OTCTaBKH.

fOPPHHf (Gorringe) .lJ.)KOP,ll)K <Dpe,llepHK (1868 -1945), aHrJI. renepan. CJIY)KHJI B I1H,llHll:CKOll: apMHH, C,lleJIaJI6JIeCT5IllJ,YIOxapsepy, CTaB B 1911 O,llHHM H3 caxsrx MOJIO,llbIXrenepaJIOB aHrJI. apMHH. B 1916 OH 6hIJI Ha3Ha'-IeH KOMaH,llHpOM T.H. ~Koprryca THrpOB», BO rnase xoroporo nanpaanen aa nouoms 6JIOKHpOBaHHoMY B KYT-3JIb- Axrape rea. q. TaY1iCle1iay. r. He rrp05lBHJI ,llOCTaTO'-IHOll: HHHUHaTHBbI H OCTaBIlIHll:C5I6e3 nozmep)KKH Tayncrenzr KarrHTYJIHpOBaJI, '-ITO CTaJIO caMbIM xpyrmsra nopaacenaen aHrJI. apMHH na ryp. <PPOHTe.C OKT. 1916 KOMaH,llHp 47-ll: (2-ll: JIOH,llOHCKOll:) TeppHTOpHaJIbHOll: ,llHBH3HH. B HIOJIe 1918 B IlITa6e y r. CJIY)KHJI6Y,llyllJ,Hll: <peJIb,llMapIlIaJI 2-ll: MHPOBOll: BOll:HbI E. MOHTroMepH. fOPH, XOPH (Horne) Ienpn CHHKJIep (1861 - 1929), 6aPOH CmpKOKCKHll: (1919), aHrJI. rrOJIHbIll: reuepan (1919).06pa30BaHHe rrOJIyqHJI B BOeHHOll: aKa,lleMHH (1880). BbIIlYllJ,eH B aprnnnepmo, YqaCTHHK aHrJIo-6YPCKOll: BOll:HbI 1899-1902. B 1910-12 IlITa6-0<pHuep rro apr, qaCTH B OJI,llepIlIOTCKOM soenHOM narepe, B 1912-14 nncnexrop apTHJIJIepHH. C Ha'-IaJIOM BOll:HbI nanpannen BO <!>paHUHIo, rzre 3aH5IJI rrOCT HaqaJIbHHKa apmJIJIepHH I AK ren . .lJ.. Xeiiza. C ztex. 1914 Ha'-IaJIbHHK 2-ll: rrex. ,llHBH3HH B Ernrrre. B H05I6. COrrpOBO)K,llaJIr. Kumueuepa B ero rroesnxe na EJIH)KHHll: BOCTOK H B ztex. 1915 6bIJI qJIeHOM KOMHCCHH rro rronrorosxe 060pOHhI CY3UKoro KaHaJIa. C arrp. 1916 KOMaH,llOBaJI XV AK, pacnOJIO)KeHHbIM B Ernrrre. B anp. 1916 rrpH6bIJI C xopnycoxr na <ppaHU. <pPOHT H Y'-IaCTBOBaJIB HaqaJIbHOM nepaozie CpaJKeHH5Ina COMMe. Ocotienno BbI,lleJI5IJIC5Iycnenmsnr HCrrOJIb30BaHHeM apTHJIJIepHH. C cenr, 1916 KOMaH,llYIOllJ,Hll: 1-ll: apMHell:. Bo BpeM5I ArrpeJIbCKOrO nacrynneHH5I 1917 ofiecnexaaan C <pJIaHra ,llell:CTBH5I3-ll: apMHH, nanoCHBiliell: rJIaBHbIll: yztap, BeCHOll: 1917 BOll:CKa r. oztepacana no6e,lly B 605lx B Appace H y Jlenua. Bo BpeM5I anpenscxoro na168

cTynJIeHH5I repxr. BOll:CK na Xa3e6pYK B 1918 apMH5I r. XOT5IH 6bIJIa OTTeCHeHaaa HeCKOJIbKOMHJIb, HO B KOHue KOHUOB,C noMOllJ,bIO<ppanu. xacreii, OCTanOBHJIa nesmea. OCHOBHOll: yztap repss. BOll:CKaHaHeCJIHrro 2 nopryranscxasr ,llHBH3H5IM,nxoznmIlIHM B COCTaBapMHH. Ilopryrazrsnu He nsrztepzcana yztapa H OTOiliJIH, C03,llaB yrposy BCell: apMHH. APMH5I r rrpHHHMaJIa axTHBHoe ysacrne B 06rneM HacTyrrJIeHHH COI03HHKOB,3aKOH'-IHBIlIeMC5I 3aKJIIO'-IeHHeM nepenapaa.

fOcI>,lle JIa Iloep (Gough de la Poer) Iyfiepr (1870, Iapreen, Bexcd.opzt -1963), aHrJI. rrOJIHbIll: renepan (1922). 06pa30BaHHe rrOJIy'-IHJI B KOpOJIeBCKOll: BOeHHOll: aKa.n:eMHH (CanziXypCT). CJIY)K6y aasan B 16-M YJIaHCKOM rrOJIKy, B COCTaBeKOroporo yqacTBOBaJI B aHrJIO-6YPCKOll: noitne 1899-1902. OKOJIO 2 JIeT KOMaH,llOBaJIrrOJIKOMrrO,llBH)KHOll: rrexorsr, C 1911 KOMaH,llHp 3-ll: KaB. 6pHra.n:hl B I1pJIaH,llHH, Y'-IaCTBOBaJIB 605lx C OJIbCTepCKHMH ,ll06POBOJIbuaMH. B asr, 1914 BMeCTe C 6pHra,llOll: (4-ll: rycapcxnii, 5-ll: H 16-ll: YJIaHCKHll: rrOJIKH) nanpaanen na <ppaHU. <PPOHT. C cenr, - KOMaH,llHp 2-ll: KaB. ,llHBH3HH. C arrp. 1915 KOMaH,llHp 7-ll: ,llHBH3HH, C HIOJI5I- I AK. Bo rnane xopnyca yqacTBOBaJI B 605IX na COMMe (xonen 1915), B Appace H na Hnpe . .lJ..Xeiiz Ha3blBaJI r. O,llHHM H3 JIyqIlIHX CBOHXo<pHnepos. C anp. 1916 Ha'-IaJIbHHK orinrero pesepaa, C 3.7.1916 KOMaH,llYIOllJ,Hll:C<pOpMHpOBaHHOll:BOBpeM5I CpaJKeHH5Ina COMMe peaepmroii apMHell: (16 rrex. H 3 KaB. ,llHBH311H), paasepnyTOll: OT JIa-<Depa,110 JIa- Baxepn (OK. 62 KM). 2 HIOJI5IH3 COCTaBa ,llell:CTBOBaBiliell: na rJIaBHOM HanpaBJIeHHH 4-ll: apMHH B COCTaB peaepsnoii nepeztanu VIII H X AK. r. IIOJIyqHJI sanaxy secra 060pOHHTeJIbHble ,llell:CTBH5I.B OKT. pesepsnaa apMH5I 6bIJIa rrepeauenoaaaa B 5-10. B cenr, npHH5IJI aKTHBHoe yxacrne B cpax<eHHH aa COMMe, OKa3bIBa5I cozteficrnae 4-ll: apMHH. 27 cenr. 3aH5IJI THilBaJIb. Bo BpeM5I AilpeJIbCKOrO HacTYIIJIeHH5I 1917 06eCrre'-IHBaJI aanecenae BcrrOMOraTeJIbHOrO ynapa 3-ll: apxnrell:. Bo BpeM5I HacryIIJIeHH5I repsr. BOll:CK B IIHKap,llHH (srapr anp. 1918) na apMHIO r. rrpHIlIeJIC5I HX rJIaBHbIll: yztap. 21.3.1918 qaCTH 18-ll: repn. apMHH aTaKOBaJIH rr03HUHH apMHH r. H B nepBbIll: )Ke ,lleHb nponannynacs na 6-7 KM. 3a 3 ,lln5I rrpoTHBHHK yrJIy6HJIC5I na 20 KM B pacrrOJIO)KeHH5I apMHH r., rrOJInOCTblO npopnas 30HY TaKTH'-IeCKOll: oooponu, K 23 srapra 5-51 apMH5I
169

6bI_:?a pasrposorena H He MOrJIa OKa3bIBaTb conpOTHBJIeHHe repsr. BOHCKaM, B TOT )Ke ,n;eHbKOMaH,n;OBaHHeCOlO3HHKOBHaqaJIO nepe6pOCKY B 30Hy ,n;eHCTBlUIapMHH <ppaHI.J;. acrea. Hoene BTOs poro yztapa 18-H repxr. apMHH r. K 25 MapTa npo,n;OJI)KaJIOTXO,n; na ceaepo-sanaa K MOplO. 27 MapTa cztan Moaznmse. K 28 Mapra aHrJIO-<ppaHI.J;.BOHcKaM yaanocs aaxpsrrs 06pa30BaBIlIYIOc5I 6peIlIb. XOT5I nopazcenae 06'b5lCH5IeTC5IHe CTOJIbKO,n;eHCTBH5IMH f., CKOJIbKO 06II.J;HMH YCJIOBH5IMH06cTaHoBKH, Bce-TaKH r. 6bIJI C,H5IT KOMaH,n;OBaHH5I pMHeH H OT03BaH B BeJIHK06pHTaC a HHIO. B Mae 1919 aasna-ren rJIaBOH Me)KCOI03HHqeCKOH soenHOH KOMHCCHH, HanpaBJIeHHOH B llPH6aJITHKY ,n;JI5I KOHTPOJI5I 3a::lBaKyaI.J;HeHreper. BOHCK. 10.6.1919 OT,n;aJI pmcaa rea. P. <pOH n zrep rOJlblfY OTBeCTHBOHCKaK tory OT Ilecaca, a nOJIOBHHYBOHCK OT~paBHTb B fepMaHHIO. B nauane HIOJI51 ,n;06HJIC51 xozta repa. y BOHCKH3 BeHTCnHJICa H JIHenaH (rae HaqaJIbHHKOM rapHH30Ha nasna-rea aHrJI. orpnnep). PYKOBO,n;HJI pe06pa30BaHHeM JIaH,n;n sepa. PYKOBO,n;HJIcHa6)KeHHeM BoopY)KeHHeM npH6aJITHHCKHX H 6eJIblX apMHH. llOMep)KHBaJI <pOpMHpOBaHHe Ceaepo-SananHOH apMHH ren, H.H.lOaellu1Ja. llbITaJIC51 HaJIa,n;HTbCOTpy,n;HHqeCTBO IO,n;eHHqa H npaBHTeJIbCTBa 3CTOHHH, ,n;06HBIIlHCb OT KOMaH,n;OBaHH5I eJIOH apMHH npH3HaHH5I He3aBHCHMOCTH 3c6 TOHHH. Iloztzrepacan C03,n;aHHe Ceaepo-Sarrazmoro rrpaanrensCTBa, qTO BbI3BaJIO aKTHBHble npOTeCTbI co CTOPOHbI CIlIA, xoropsre HaCTaHBaJIH na OT3bIBe f. Ilocne 3a5lBJIeHH51 aHrJI. MHHHcTepcTBa aaocrpaansrx ,n;eJI,qTO r. ,n;eHcTBOBaJIcaM OCTO51TeJIbHO,6e3 HHCTPYKI.J;HHnpaBHTeJIbCTBa, OH 6bIJI B asr. 1919 OT03BaH!f3 llPH6aJITHKH.

pa3BepHYTOH B BOCTOqHOH llpYCCHH. Ilo c06CTBeHHOMY 3aJIBJIeHHIO, JIHqHO pa3pa60TaJI },JIaH ~Cpa)KeHH5I npn Tannefepre», me 6bIJIa Wa3rpOMJIeHa 2-51 pyc, apMH51. Ilocne C03,n;aHH5I9-H apMHH (17.9.1914), nepesezten Bee IlITa6 na ,n;OJI)KHOCTb renepaJI-KBapTHpMeHCTepa. C 1.10.1914 renepan-xaaprapaeiicrep IlIT;; 6a rJIaBHOKOMaH,n;YIOII.J;ero Bocroxe Il. <pOH rUllae1l6ypna ea. IIpHHHMaJI aKTHBHoe ysacrae B paapafiorxe crparerasecKllX nJIaHOB repsr. KOMaH,n;OBaHH51 Bocroxe. 28.8.1915 nana rpaxztea opzteaosr Pour Ie Mente. C 30.8.1916 HaqaJIbHHK IlITa6a BOCTOqHOrO <ppoHTa. OKa3bIBaJI 3HaqHTeJIbHOe BJIH51HHe na <pOpMHpC'3aHlle repn. BoeHHoH CTpaTerHH na BOCTOKe. YqaCTHllK MllpHbIX neperoaopon B npeCT-JIHToBcKe. llpOTHBHHK OT,n;eJIeHH5IllPH6aJITHKH OT POCCHH, CqHTaJI He06xo,n;HMbIM noztrOTOBHTb nOqBY ,n;JI5I nOJIHTHqeCKOrO C6JIH)KeHH5I C Poccneii nOCJIe 3aKJIlOqeHH5I MHpa. Onnaxo BepXOBHoe KOMaH,n;OBaHHe He COrJIaCHJIOCbC ero TOqKOH 3peHH5I H ,n;aJIOI ztp, HHCTPYKI.J;Hll. 5(18).1.1918 na sacenanaa nOJIHTHqeCKOH KOMHCCHH npe,n;'b51BHJI OBeTcKoH ztexeranan KapTY C JIHHlleH HOBOH rpac HllI.J;bI H H3JIO)KHJIYCJIOBH5IMHpHoro ztorosopa: Ilonsnra, JIHTna, -racrt, JIaTBHH H neJIOPyccHH, oxrcynaponanaue repsr. BOHcKaMH, nepexonaxa non KOHTPOJIb Iepaamra. 18.9.1918 nOJIyqHJI ,n;y60BbIe BeTBH K opzteny Pour Ie Merite, C 1920 B OTCTaBKe.ABTop MeMyapoB «BoHHa ynYII.J;eHHbIXB03MO)KHOCTeH~ (M.-JI., 1925), B KOTOPbIXnpeysena-nman CBOIOPOJIb,YKa3bIBaJI, qTO OH caa 6bIJI <paKTHqeCKH PYKOBo,n;HTeJIeM BOCTOqHOrO <PPOHTa,a He fHH,n;eH6ypr H reu, 3. JIlOaellaOpcjJ.

rO<DMAH (Hoffmann) MaKC (25.1.1869, XOM6epr, KacCeJIb - 8.7.1927, Baa-Peiixeaxans), repv. renepan-ssaiiop (OKT. 1917). B 1898 OKOHqHJI BoeHHYIO aKa,n;eMHIO.B 1898-99 naxo,n;HJIC5I KOMaH,n;HpoBKe B POCCHH C I.J;eJIbIO B coaepmencraonaHH51pyc. assnca. Bo BpeM5I pyc.-snoncxoa BOHHbI 1904-05 coCT05lJI BoeHHbIM arrame npa IlITa6e 5lnOHCKOH ,n;eHcTBYIOII.J;eH apMHH. 3aTeM B rexenae 5 JIeT CJIY)KHJIB pyc. OT,n;eJIe nOJIbIlIOro Ienurraoa, B 1913-14 KOMaH,n;Hp6aTaJIbOHa Baneacxoro nex. npHHI.J;a BHJIbreJIbMa nOJIKa. Ilpa M06HJIH3aI.J;HH, B aar, 1914 naanasea 1-M o<pHI.J;epOMIenurratia (HaqaJIbHHK oneparasaoro orztena) B IlITa6e 8-H apMHH rea. M. Ilpumeuua Ylla racjJcjJpOlla,
170

romE (Gauchet) .lloMHHHK-MapH (1853 - 1931), <ppaHI.J;. a,n;MHPaJI. B OKT. 1915 CMeHHJI a,n;MHPaJIa JI. (/)yplle na nocry KOMaH,n;YIOII.J;erO <ppaHI.J;.BM<I> B .llap,n;aHeJIJIaX, a 14.12.1916 na nOCTY rJIaBHOKOMaH,n;YIOII.J;erO <ppaHI.J;. pJIOTOMB Cpezraaea< HOM Mope. I CqHTaJIC5I rJIaBHbIM KOMaH,n;HpoM scex COlO3HbIX BMC B 3TOM peraone, ozmaxo aHrJI. KOMaH,n;OBaHHenOCT05lHHO HrHOpHpOBaJIO ero npmcaasr, TaK qTO <paKTHqeCKH eMY nozoraH5IJIHCb JIHIIIb <ppaHI.J;. Kopa6JIH. Ilocne COBeII.J;aHH5128.41.5.1917 oxpana MOPCKHXKOMMYHHKaI.J;HH 6bIJIa nepeztana aHrJI. KOMan,n;YIOII.J;eMY na MaJIbTe a,n;MHpaJIy Bannapny, B 1917 <ppanI.J;.<pJIOTB Cpezrasesnroaopse nonec T51)KeJIblenorepa OT repa. nozinonox: JIHHeHHbIH xopafins «.llaHToH~> H xpeticep
171

«lllaTo?eHHO~, He cxaraa 60JIee I\feJIKIIX Cy,n;OB.B ueJIOM naxo,n;IIBllIIIIICR nozt KOMaH,n;OBaHIIeM <ppaHU. <pJIOTBeJI cetia KpanHe naCCIIBHO. B 1919 BbIllIeJI B ()TCTaBKY.

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rPA66E MIIXaIIJI HIIKOJIaeBi'iq (18.7.1868, Ilerepoypr 23.7.1942, ITapIIIK, <l>paHUIIR), rparp, pyc. renepan-neiireaanr (6.5.1916).113 ,n;BOPRHsoacxa .lloHcKoro, Ka3aK CTaHIIUbI ITRTIIII36RHHon. 06pa30BaHIIe nOJIyqIIJI B ITaIKecKoM xoprryce (1890). Bsmyuten B JIen6-rBap,n;IIII Kaaasna nOJIK. 17.6.189822.2.1899 a.n;bIOT~IiT KOMaH,n;YIOmero raapzteiicxaa xopnycov, C 7.12.1899 opnnnapen HaqaJIbHIIKa nrraoa BonCK raapztan, C 22.2.1902 a.n;bIOTaHTrJIaBHOKoMaH,n;YIOmero BoncKaMIl rBap,n;IIII II Ilerepoyprcrcoro BO BeJIIIKOrO KHR3R Bnamnrnpa Anexcannposa-ra, ITocJIe roro KaK BeJIIIKIIn KHR3b OCTaBIIJI nOCT, ocTaJICR npn HeM a.n;bIOTaHTOM.C 22.9.1911 KOMaH,n;IIp JIen6- raap,n;II~ Caozmo-xasaxsero nOJIKa, BO rnase xoroporo BCTynIIJI B BOIlHy. C 14.1.1915 KOMaH,n;lIp 3-n 6plIra.n;bI 1-it rnapneacxoa KaB. ,n;IIBII 3 IIlI, C 24.1.1915 - 4-n .lloHcKon Ka3. ,n;IIBII3IIII. 30.1.1915 narpaaoren opnenosr CB. Ieoprna 4-n CTeneHII aa 60II B 1914. 8.5.1916 naanaxen BoncKoBbIM HaKa3HbIM aTaMaHOM BoncKa.lloHcKoro. 1.12.1916 B YCTb-Me,n;Be,n;eUKoM oxpyre 06JIaCTIl soiicxa .lloHcKoro o6pa30BaH nOCeJIOK, xoropsra nOJIyqlIJI Ha3BaHI1e ~XyTOp rpa66OBCKI1n~. 7.3.1917 apecrosaa, HO ncxope oCBo60IK,n;eH II 22 MapTa 3aqIICJIeH B peaeps qI1HOB npa urraoe Oneccxoro BO. 31.5.1917 YBOJIeH OT CJIYIK6bI no npollIeHIIIO C MyH,n;lIpOM II rrencaeii. B 3MIIrpaUlIII 16.12.1934 II36paH npencezrarenea COI03a KaBaJIepOB opnena CB. Ieoprna (Ilapazc). 4.8.1935 1I36paH .llOHCKIlM HaKa3HbIM aTaMaHOM B 3MIIrpaUIIII. Ero 6paT: Anexcanzip HIIKOJIaeBlIq (12.12.1864, Ilerepoypr - 5.7.1947, ClIlA), renepan-naiiop CBIITbI (2.1.1914). 06pasonaaae nOJIyqIIJI B ITaIKecKoM xopnyce (1887). Bsmyuieu KOPHeTOM B JIen6-rBap,n;I1II Kaaaxait nOJIK. B 1901 eMY paspeureao npIIcoe,n;IIHIITb K caoeii <paMIIJIIIII <paMIIJIlilO cnoea 6a6YllIKil II CTaJI IIMeHOBaTbCR rparpon rpa66e rparpo« HIlKIITIIHbIM. 25.6.1897-3.1.1910 a.n;bIOTaHT BeJIIIKOrO KHR3R MUXalIJIa HlIKOJIaeBlIqa no 3BaHlIIO renepan -<peJIb,n;MapllIaJIa. B 1911 apexrenHO KOMaH,n;OBaJIJIen6-rBap,n;1I11 Ka3a%I1M nOJIKOM. 2.1.1914 naaaaxen KOMaH,n;YIOmI1M C06cTBeHHbIM Ero BeJIl1qeCTBa KOH-

soexr, OCTaBaJICRna 3TOM noCTY no casroro CBepIKeHI1R MOHapXI1H. B MapTe 1917 CaMOBOJIbIIO nOKHHYJI CJIYIK6y u yexaJI na KaBKa3, a 22 MapTa YBOJIeH OT CJIYIK6bI no 60JIe3HH C Myn.n;l1paM II neacneii. B 3MIIrpaUI1H: KOHCTaUTI1HonOJIb, repMaHua, MOHTe-KapJIo, c 1940 B CIlIA.

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rPEHEP (Groener) BIIJIbreJIbM (22.11.1867, JIlo,n;Burc6ypr, BIOpTeM6epr - 2.9.1939, Bopnurrezrr, 6JII13 Ilorczraxra), repxr. reHepaJI-JIenTeHaHT (1916). CbIlI nOJIKOBoro Ka3HaQeR. B 1884 ncrymor B 3-n rrex, aropresrdeprcxaii nOJIK. C 1890 a.n;bIOTaHT 6aTaJIbOHa. B 1893-96 yqUJICR B Boennoa aKa.n;eMIII1. B 189798 CJIYIKI1JI B ronorpadiasecxoa OT,n;eJIe,3aTeM B Iemurafie. B 1902-04 KOMaH,n;OBaJI pOTOn 98-ro nex. nOJIKa (Men). B 1908-10 1-n orpanep (HaQaJIbHlIK OnepaTHBHOrO ornena) urraoa XIII AK, B 1910-11 KOMaH,n;Hp6aTaJIbOHa 125-ro nex. nOJIKa (IIITYTrapT). C 1912 HaQaJIbUHK OT,n;eJIaIKeJIe3HbIX ztopor DOJIbllIOrO Iemnrafia. C HaQaJIOM BonubI B asr. 1914 Ha3HaQeH HaQaJIbHlIKOM nonenoro ynpaBJIeHHR IKeJIe3HbIX ztopor Bepxoanoro KOMaH,n;oBaHHR, PYKOBO,n;lIJI B T.Q. nepe6pocKaMII repsr. BoncK aa BocTOK. 26.6.1915 B03rJIaBIIJI CJIYIK6y CUa6IKeHIIR. 11.9.1915 narpaxnen opnenov Pour le Merite aa ycnenraoe nposenenae M06IIJIH3aUHH - eMy yztanocs nepeopocars no IKeJIe3HbIM noporasr 60JIee 3 MJIH QeJI. II 860 TbIC. xomanea. B 1916 B CIKaTbIe CpOKII npOBeJI 6JIeCTamyIO nepefipocxy soiicx na PYMbIlIcKIIn <PPOUT. C 1.11.1916 3aMeCTIITeJIb npyccxoro soennoro MHHIIcrpa H HaQaJIbHIIK Boeanoro yrrpaanenna, KypHpOBaJI sonpoChI soennoro npOMbIllIJIeHHOrO nponaaoncraa Iepuanaa. BCTYnlIJI B KOH<pJIl1KT C ren. 3. JbodelldOP¢OM II 16.8.1917 nepeseneu aa <pPOHT KOMaH,n;IIpoM 33-n nex. ,n;IIBII3HH, 20.12.1917 XV pesepnnoro xopnyra aa 3ana,n;HoM <ppouTe, 25.2.1918 I AK na Bocroxe. 23.3-27.10.1918 HaQaJIbHHK urraoa rpyrmsr apMun ~KHeB~ <pOH 3UxlOplla. 27.10.1918 CMeHHJI ren. JIIO.n;eH,n;op<pana noCTY I-ro reHepaJI-KBapTHpMellcTepa. <l>aKTIIQeCKH cocpeztorouan B CB<?HXpyxax PYKOBO,n;CTBO repxr. apMIIen BO BpeMR oouiero orcrynnenna. 6.11.1918 nOTpe60BaJI OT npaBHTeJIbCTBa ~BO QTO 6bI TO HH CTaJIO~ II36eIKaTb nopazcenaa apMHH, HaCToaB na HeMe,n;JIeHHOM HaQaJIe MIIpHbIX neperosoPOB, 3aBepllIIIBllIIIXCR no,n;nIIcaHHeM KOMnbeHCKoro cornameHHa 11 HOR6. 3.7.1919 B 3HaK nporecra npoTIIB 3aKJIIO'leHHa

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172

173

BepCaJIbCKOro MHpa nOKHHYJI nocr, 30.9.1919 YBOJIeH B OTCTaBKy. 25.6.1920-12.8.1923 MHHlfCTP nYTeH C006ll(eHWI, 20.1.192830.5.1932 BoeHHbIH MHHlcICTP,BeJI 3aKYJIIICHble nOJIHTHqeCKHe HHTpHrH, aazreacs 3aH$ITb nOCT KaHQJIepa. O,llUaKO ,Il06HJIC$I JIHIIlb ,IlHcKpe,llHTaQHH npaBHTeJIbCTBa H TeM caMbIM noztroroBHJI npaxozr K BJIaCTH HaQHCTOB. ABTOP BoeHlIO-HCTOpHqeCKHX pa60T, B T.q. <Maposaa BOHHa H ee np06JIeMbI~ (1920).

fPHfOPECKO (Grigorescu) 3peMH$I Te0<pHJI (1863, DH)KOP - 1919), PYMbIHCKHH ,IlHBH3HOHHbIH renepan . .ao BOHHbI COCTO$IJI aqaJIbHHKOM apr. IIlKOJIbI B TYPTYKae. Ilocne BCTynH JIeHH$I PYMbIHHH B BOHHY B 1916 naaaa-ren KOMaH,IlHpOM 15-H nex. ,IlHBH3HH. 3aTeM nOJIyqHJI B KOMaH,IlOBalme IV H VI AK. BHaqaJIeaBr.1917Ha3HaqeHKOMaH.llYIOll(HM 1-HapMHH(0K.108 TbIC. ;eJI.), KOTOp~ aaxozmnacr, B nO,llqHHeHHH KOMaH,IlYlOllIero 4-H pyc. apsmea rea. A.<l>. Pazosu. Haem r. 3aMeHHJIH VIn Pyc. AK non MapaIIleIIlTaMH. 31 HIOJIR (13 anr.) Paroaa npennHCaJI 3BaKYHpoBaTb Mapanrenrrsr, HO r. OTKa3aJICRBbIIIOJIHRTb 3TOT npaxaa. Ilocne sroro KOMaH,IlOBaHHe <PPOllTa npHHRJIO peurenne rrepeztarr, r. KOMaH,IlOBaHHe Ua,z:( YMbIHCKO-PYC. BOHCP KaMH na CYIIlHQe H Cepere, BOHcKa r. nOCTeneHlIO CMeHHJIH pyc, soficrca, B COCTaBapMHH r. BOIIlJIH VIn Pyc. AK (na CyIIlHQe), V (nozr Mapanreurrasrn) H III (y K03bMeIIlT) xoprryca. 1(14) asr. III Kopnyc 6bIJI Pa36HT Y K03hMeIIlT, nOTepRB nnenHbIMH OK. 3 TbIC. qeJI . .aeHcTBH$I r. He ,IlaJIH B03MO)KUOCTHrepsr. KOMaH,IlOBaHIllO HCnOJIb30BaTb ycnex repxr. rpynnsr rea. K. <pOH Moprena, 6( 19) asr, ascrpo-repsr. BOHCKanpenrrpanana nOBYIO nonsrrxy HaCTynJIeHHR, HO r., OT6HB yziap, rrepenren B xonrpnacrynneaae, naaeca nopaacemre rpynne rea. Moprena, 9(22) aar, HaCTynJIenHe OCTaHOBJIeHO. B Cpa:iKeHHH non MapaIIleIIlTaMH apMH$I nOTepRJIa OK. 21 TbIC. qeJI. (B r.s, 5 TbIC. nJIeHHbIMH). Ilocne sroro r. CTaJI HaQHOHaJIbHbIM repoesr PYMbIlIHH. C 1918 BoeHHbIH MHHHCTp. fPHfOPOBHq MBaH KOHCTaHTHHOBHq (26.1.1853 _ 3.3.1930, 6JIH3 MeHToHbI, <l>paHQHR), pyc. a,z:(MHPaJI (27.9.1911), reHepaJI-a,z:(bIOTaHT (1912). M3,1lBOPRH ilOJITaBCKOH ryoepaaa. CbIlI KOHTP-a,z:(MHpaJIa. 6pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B MOPCKOM KOp0 nyce (1874). CJIY)KHJI na DaJITHHCKOM Mope. Bo BpeMR pyc.-ry174

,.....peQKOH BOHHbI 1877-78 yaacrnosan na xnnnepe ~3a6HRKa~ B -, ": UHM6HHCKOH 3KCne,llHQHH B CIIlA, HMeBIIleH QeJIblO ,IleMOHCTpaQHIO na ToprOBbIX nyrax BeJIHK06pHTaHHH . .ao 1881 nJIaBaJI Ha-<&3a6HRKe~B ,IlOJI)KUOCTH saxrennoro HaqaJIbHHKa H crapnrero orpanepa, C 1883 KOMaH,IlHp noproaoro cynna ~KOJI,IlYHqHK~, B 1884-86 - napoxona ~PbI6Ka~. B 1888-89 <pJIar-o<pHQep IIlTa6a HaqaJIbHHK13CKa.IlPhI Taxoro oxeaaa. B 1890-91 KOMaH,IlHp napoxozta «Ilerepfiypre, B 1891 cTapIIlHH orpnnep rpperara «Iepnor 3,1lHH6yprcKHH~. B 1891 <pJIar-KanHTaH 6eperoBoro IIlTa6a crapurero <pJIarMaHa 2-H <pJIOTCKOH ,IlHBH3HH. C 1893 cTapIIlHH 0<pHUep xopsera <&BHTR3b»,a 3aTeM xpeitcepa l-ro paara <&A.IlMHpaJI KOPHHJIOB~. B 1895 KOMaH,IlHpxpeiicepa 2..ro panra <&Pa36oHHHK~, B 1895-96 - MOHHTopa 6eperoBoH 060POHbI ~DpoHenocens-, B 1896 - MHHHoro xpeiicepa «Boeaozta». B 1896-98 MOPCKOHarenr B JIoH,IlOHe. B 1898 nanpaanen BO <l>paHQHlO,IlJI$I Ha6JIIO,IleHH$I3a CTpOHTeJIbCTBOMB TYJIOHe 3CKa.IlpeHHOro 6poHeHOCQa«Ilecapeaa-rs- H xpeiicepa -sBaan», npeztceztarens KOMHCCHH ,IlJI$InpHeMHbIX HCnbITaHHH xpeiicepa <&CBeTJIaHa~.C 1899 KOMaH,IlHp 3CKa.IlpeHHOro 6pOHeHOCQa -sIlecapeea-re (cnymen na sony B 1903). Ilepesen xopatins B ilOPT-ApTYP na YCHJIeHHe Taxooxeancsoii 3CKa.IlPbI. Bo BpeM$I HOqHOH aTaKH RnOHCKHX MHHOHOCQeB27.1.1904 «Ilecapeaax» 6bIJI ropnenaposan, HO ocTaJICRna nJIaBY H npHH$IJI ysacrne B 6010. C anp. 1904 KOMaH,IlHp ilOPT- ApTYPCKOro nopra, OpraHH30BaJI pa60TY no pesronry KOpa6JIeH, YCTaHoBKeMHHHbIX 3arpa:iK.lleHHH, TPaJIeHHIOaKBaTOpHH cHa6)KeHHIO. 24.7.1904, HaXOMcb na «Ilecapenase», KOHTY)KeH pa30pBaBIIlHMcR cnapanoa, Ilocne OKOHqaHHR BOHHbI, B 1905 aaanaaen HaqaJIbHHKOM IIlTa6a qepHoMop. <pJIOTaH nopros Hepnoro MOp$!. 14.5.1906 npn B3pbIBe 6poIIleHHoH reppopncraaa na napane B CeBaCTOnOJIe60M6bI KOHTY)KeHB roJIOBy. Ilocne y6HHCTBaKOMaH.llYlOllIero <pJIOTOM qYXHHHa nexoropoe BpeMR KOMaH,IlOBaJI<pJIOTOM. ztex. 1906 KOMaH,IlHp JIH6aBcKoro nopra HMneC paropa AJIeKCaH,Ilpa III. C OKT. 190811.0. rJIaBHOrO KOMaH,IlHpa <pJIoTa H nopron, HaqaJIbHHK MOPCKOH 060pOHbI DaJITHHCKOro MOPR, rJIaBHbIH KOMaH,IlHp KPOHIIlTa.IlTCKOrO nopra H BoeHHbIH ryoepnarop KPOHIIlTa.IlTa. C rpesp, 1909 roaapmn MOPCKOro MHHHCTpa. B seneaaa r. HaXO,llHJIHCb sonpocsr MaTepHaJIbHO-TexHHqeCKoro H rnnporpadnrsecxoro 06eCneqeHHR BM<l>, xopatiJIeCTpOeHHe H peMOHT. ilpe,llCTaBJIRJI Mopcxoe MHHHcTepcTBo B
175

rOCY,lI;apCTBeHHOH,lI;YMe, nOJIb30BarrC5I nO,ll;,lI;epJKKOH <ppaKIJ;IUI Ka,lI;eTOB.C 19.11.1911 MOPCKOHMIIHIICTp. IIPII r. aasepnreno npoaeztenae MOPCKIIX pepopa, B VI. C03,l1;aHIIe Mopcxoro Iemuraoa, PYKOBO,ll;IIJIpa3pa60TKoH DOJIbllIOH II Manoii aoeaao-aopCKIIX nporpasor, C 1913 oztnospeaenno qJIeH rOCY,lI;apCTBeHHoro COBeTa.Bo BpeM5I BOHHbI 60JIbllIOe BHIIMaHlIe Y,lI;eJI51JI opranaaaIJ;IIII 060pOHbI Ilerporpazra, C03,l1;aHIIIOMIIHHo-apT. n03IIIJ;IIH B <l>IIHCKOMaanase II ztp. 28.2.1917 oTCTpaHeH OT,lI;OJIJKHOCTII MIIHIIcTpa. IIocJIe OKT5I6pbCKOH peBOJIIOIJ;IIIIpaooran COTPY,lI;HIIKOM MOPCKOH IICTOpIIqeCKOH KOMIICCIIII no 0606ru.eHIIIO onsrra MIIPOBOHBOHHbI II 60eBbIx ,lI;eHCTBIIHna Mope, 3aTeM CTapllIIIH apXIIBaplIYC MOPGKoro apXIIBa. OceHbIO 1924 nsrexan 113POCcm! ,lI;JI5I IeqeHII5I II OCTarrC5IBO <l>paHIJ;IIlI. ABTOP ~BocnOMIIHaHIIH J 6bIBllIero MopCKoro MIIHIICTpa~ (ony6JIIIKOBaHbI, 1990-91).

fPHfOPbEB BJIa,lI;IIMIIP HIIKOJIaeBlIq (14.7.1851 - ?), pyc. renepan OT xasanepan (6.12.1912). 06pa30BaHIIe nOJIYqHJI B Ka3aHCKoM nex. IOHKepcKoM yqHJIHru.e II HHKOJIaeBCKOH axaneuna Ieaurraoa, C 6.8.1886 HaqaJIbHHK IlITa6a 15-H KaB. ,lI;HBH3IIH, C 29.3.1899 KOMaH,lI;IIp 16-ro ztparyncxoro KIIH6YPHcKoro nOJIKa. C 7.8.1900 aaxansaarc IlITa6a Bapmascxoii KpenOCTII. 30.8.1905 r. Ha3HaqeH KOMeH,lI;aHTOMOraaoecxoii, 11.3.1907 - CeBaCTOnOJIbCKOH H, HaKOHeIJ;,7.3.1909 - KOBeHCKOHxpenocrn. 24.7 (6.8).1915 xpenocrr, 6bIJIa 06JIOJKeHa repu. BOHcKaMH nozt KOMaH,lI;OBaHHeM rea, K. Jlumuuaua, 26 IIIOJI5I (8 anr.) naxanacr, 8-,lI;HeBHaJI aprnozrroronea, [ nOTep5IJI roJIOBY II, nO,ll;,lI;aBIlIIICb naaaxe, 6pOCIIB nozrsnaeanue eMY BOHCKa, 6eJKarr (n03JKe yrnepacnan, qTO oTnpaBHJIC5I «aa nozncpenJIeHIIeM~). Kpenocrr, 060pOH5IJIII norpaaaxaaa a 124-51 neXOTnsre ,lI;IIBII3IIH, a TaKJKe 102-51 OnOJIqeHCKa51 6plIra,ll;a. ATaKa 28 IIIOJI5I (10 anr.) 6bIJIa oT61ITa, BTOPaJI - 1(14) anr, - TaKJKe. 3( 16) anr, JIHTIJ;MaH npopsan JIHHIIIO <PPOHTOB. 4( 17) asr. xperrocrs 6bIJIa cztana: norepn COCTaBHJIII 20 TbIC. xen. II 405 KpenOCTHbIX 0PY,lI;HH. [ 6bIJI npeztaa CY,lI;Y.llBHHcKoro noenHO-OKpYJKHOrOcyzta, KOTOPbIH rrparoaopnn ero 3a 6e3,l1;eHCTBHe BJIaCTH H OCTaBJIeHHe BO BpeM5I 6051 KpenOCTH KOBHO II KOMaH,lI;OBaHH5IBOHCKaMH K CCbIJIKe na KaTOpJKHbIe pa60TbI na 15 JIeT. 22.11.1915 nparosop 6bIJI YTBepJK,lI;eHrJIaBHOKOMaH,lI;YIOru.HMapMH5IMH <PPOHTa.
176

CbIH 06ep-JIeCHIIqero. B 1869 BCTynIIJI B 3-H rrpycCKIIH nemaii apT. nOJIK; JIeHTeHaHT (1870). YqaCTHIIK rppamconpyccxoii BOHHbI 1870-71. B 1875-78 yqIIJIC5I B Boeunoii area,lI;eMIIII. B 1880-82 II 1888-94 CJIYJKIIJIB Ieanrraoe. B 1887 KOMaH,lI;IIp 6aTapeII 14-ro nemero apr. nOJIKa. C 1894 aasansanx OT,lI;eJIeHII5IDOJIbllIOrO Iennrraoa. C 1898 KOMaH,lI;IIp 16-ro nemero apr, rrOJIKa, C 1899 - 2-H neureii apr. 6pIIra,ll;bI, C 1903 1- H ,lI;IIBII3IIII. C 1907 rytiepnarop Topna, C 9.6.1911 - B pesepBe. IIPII M06IIJIII3aUIIII 2.8.1914 naanasen KOMaH,lI;IIpOM IV pesepaaoro xoprryca 1- H apMIIH ren. A. <pOHKunca. B nepssrx qlICnax cenr, 1914 rea. KJIYK, npO,ll;OJIJKaJI npecnenosanae OTXO,ll;IIBunrx <ppaHIJ;.BOHCKBOCTOqHeeIIapIIJKa, BbI,lI;BIIHYJI xopnyc I' K HaHTeHJIIO sarrazmee Ypxa ,lI;JI5I plIKpbITII5I apMlI1I co CTOPOHbI n IIapIIJKa. B aaxane CpaJKeHII5I na Mapne, xorzra 6-51<ppaHIJ;.apMII5I ren, M. MOllYPu 5 cenr. naxana ,lI;BIIJKeHlIe na ceBepO-BOCTOK, [ HeOJKH,lI;aHHO araxosan ee qaCTH, OCTaHOBIIJIII oT6poCIIJI IIX, O,ll;HaKOII3-3a qlICJIeHHoro npeBOCXO,ll;CTBanpOTIIBHIIKa He npO,ll;OJIJKIIJInpeCJIe,ll;OBaHII5I, a OTOllIeJI na IICXO,ll;HOenOJIOJKeHIIe aa pyqbeM Tepyan. O,ll;HaKO KJIYK npO,ll;OJIJKIIJIManeBp, nanpaBIIB ,lI;JI5I nOMepJKKII [ II AK ren. A. <pOHJluueunzena. 6 cear. <ppaHIJ;.BOHCKaaraxosana n031IIJ;1I1I[ II YTBep,ll;IIJIIICb na 060lIx 6eperax pyasx. B TOT JKe nens nOJIyqIIJI npIIKa3 OTOHnI K JIa<l>epTe (na p. Mapna), O,ll;HOBpeMeHHO[B03rJIaBIIJI JIeBOeKPbIJIO 1-H apMIIII. C cenr, 1915 no <peBp. 1918 KOMaH,lI;lIp XLI peaepanoro xopnyca na BOCTOKe. O,ll;HOBpeMeHHo 5.8.191631.12.1917 KOMaH,lI;OBarrapMeHcKoH rpyrmoii -sfponay», ,lI;eHcraonaanteii B IIOJIbllIe II aa YKpalIHe B paiione IIplIn5lTII. 4.10.1916 narpasctea opzreaox Pour Ie Merite. Bo BpeM5I naCTynJIeHII5IlOro-3ana,ll;HOrO <ppoHTa B 605lx 1-2 asr; aanec nopaJKeHIIe 3-H pyc. apMIIII II 3aCTaBIIJI ee OTKa3aTbC5IOTyztapa na KOBeJIb. 6.8.1918 nOJIyqlIJI ,lI;y60BbIe BeTBII K opzteny Pour Ie Merite. IIocJIe BOHHbI BbIllIeJI B OTcTaBKy.

{)If II (1908).

fPOHAY (Gronau) Ianc <poH (8.2.1850, AJIbT-Ilia,ll;OB, Bpaaztenriypr - 23.2.1940, IIoTc,lI;aM), repsr. renepan apTlIJIJIe-

fY,llEHO<l> (Goodenough) YIIJIb5lM 3,l1;MYH,lI; (1867 -1945), aHrJI. KOHTp-a,lI;MIIparr (1915). CJIYJKIIJI na JIerKIIX xpericepax. B 1913-16 KOMaH,lI;OBarr -H 3CKa,lI;POH 2 JIerKIIX xpeiicepoa (dinarMaH - ~CaYTreMnToH~) B COCTaBeDOJIbllIOrO <pJIOTa.YcnelliHo 177

~eH:CTBOBaJIB 605IX B aar, 1914 Y Iensronanzra M B 5IHB. 1915 Y Llorrep-6aHKH. Curpan 60JIhIIIYIO POJIh B IOTJIaH~cKoM cpazceHMM31.5-1.6.1916. C 1916 KOMaH~OBaJI 2-H: 60eBOH: 3CK~pOH:.

J
I

fYJIEBMq ApCeHMH: AHaTOJIheBI1'-1.14.2.1866 - 12.4.1947, ( IIapM)K, <DpaHI_vm), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeH:TeHaHT (6.4.1914). 06pa30BaHMe nOJIyqMJI B 3-M AJIeKcaH~poBcKOM yqMJIIUl(e (1885) M Hl1KOJIae!3CKOH: Ka,u:eMMMfeHIIITa6a (1892). C 16.2.1899 3KCTa paopztanapasni, C 5.2.1904 opzranapnsni, C 25.1.1913 3aCJIY)KeHHhIH:nporpeccop HMKOJIaeBCKOH: K~eMMM feHIIITa6a. Kpynasni a BoeHHhIH: 'reopermc, nOJIh30BaJIC5I60JlhIIIMM aBTopMTeTOM B BOeHHO-naysnsrx xpyrax. O~HoBpeMeHHo co CJIY)K60H:B AK~eMMM ;3aHMMaJI~OJI)KHOCTM: ~eJIOnpOM3BO~MTeJIhKaHl(eJI5IpllM BoeHHOro MMHMCTepCTBa(c 18.2.1901), HaqaJIhHMK KaHl(eAApMM COBen rocyztapcraeanofi 060pOHhI (21.6.1905-9.10.1908). C 9.10.1908 KOMa~Mp JIeH:6-rBap~MM Ilpeoopaacencxoro nOJIKa, C 26.8.1912 HaqaJIbHMK IIITa6a BOH:CK rnapznra M Ilerepoyprcxoro BO. IlocJIe aaxana BOH:Hhlna 6a3e IIITa6a oKpyra C03~aH IIITa6 6-H: apMMM, BO rnase xoroporo 19.7.1914 nOCTaBJIeH r. C 9.8.1914 HaqaJIhHMK IIITa6a 9-H: apMMM. 2.2.1915 r. naanauea HaqaJIhHMKOM IIITa6a apMMH: Ceaepo-Sanannoro <ppoHTa. 21.9.1915 nepenenen B pacnopaacenne rJIaBHOKoMaH~yIOll.{erO apMM5IMM Ceaepnoro <ppoHTa. 27.1 0.1915 aarpazciea op~eHOM CB. Ieoprns 4-i1 creneHM. C 20.3.1916 KOMaH~Mp XLII AK. IIpM 06ll{eH: xncrxe BhICutero KOMaH~Horo COCTaBanOCJIe <DeBpaJIbCKOH:peBOJIlol(MM r. 19.4.1917 6bIJI nepesenen na nOCT xoxanzrapa XXI AK. IIocJIe BhlcTyrrJIeHM5I reno ]l.r. KOp1tWW8a r. nOCqMTaJIMne6JIaroH~C)KHhIM M 9.9.1917 3aqMCJIMJIMB peaeps qMHOB npn IIITa6e Ilerporpancxoro BO. Bo BpeM5I fpa)K)J,anCKOH: OH:HbIyexan na CesepoB 3an~. B 1919 npe~CTaBJI5IJI ren, H.H. IOde1tU'lIa B <DMHJI5IH~MM, a zto 1920 3aBe~OBaJI pyc. Kpacnsn, Kpecrosr B 3TOH:crpane. B 1920 nepeexan B IIapM)K, 6hIJI npMBJIeqCH K paoore C03~aHHhIX H.H. R)Jl08U1tblM BbICIIIMX aoeaao-naysnsrx KypCOB, PYKOBO)),MJI KypCOM ~OpraHM3al(M5I cOBpeMCnnOH: apMMM~. C asr; 1921 npeztceztarens COBeTa COI03a rrpeoopaacenues B IIapM)Ke. B asr. 1933 M36paH 3aMeCTMTeJIeMnpencezrarena I'naanoro npaBJIenM5I M3aBe~yIOll.{MM <pMHanCOBOH:'-IaCTbIO COI03a MnBaJIM~OB. C 1934 npeztcenarens 3apy6e)Knoro COI03a pyc. soennsrx MHBaJIM~OB, qJIeH IIpaBJIeHM5I COI03a Ieoprneacsnx xaaanepos.
178

fYJIbIfA MBaH EMCJIbRHOBHq (26.8.1857 - 6.1934, IOroCJIaBl:IH), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeH:TeHaHT (1.10.1917). Ka3aK CTaHMIIbI He3aMaeBCKOH: Ky6aHCKOH: 06JIaCTM. 06pa30BaHMe nony-ran B CTaBpOnOJIbCKOM Ka3. iosxepcsoa ysranante (1877) M HMKOJIaeBCKOH:aK~eMMM fCHIIITa6a (1899). B 1879-87 HaXO~MJIC5I B {)TCTaBKe, aaresr 6bIJI MJI~IIIMM o<pI1I~epOM CTaBpOnOJIbCKOro Ka3. IOIlKCPCKOro yqMJIMll.{a, KOMaH~OBaJIPOTOH:.C 26.11.1899 CTapIIIliH: a,lJ;'bIOTaHTIIITa6a 2-H: KaBKa3CKOH: Ka3. ~MBll3MM. 31.1.1904-17.7.1905 CTapIIIMH: M'bIOTaHT IlITa6a IlpaauypcxofO BO. YqaCTHMK pyc.-HnoHCKOH: BOH:Hhl 1904-05: naxansna« IIITa6a YCCYPMH:CKOrO orpszra, KOMaH)),MpXYHryHCKOro nex. nOJIxa, C 6.4.1906 KOMaH~Mp 15-ro CM6HPCKOfO CTPCJIKOBOronOJIxa, 28.3.1912 sepay JICR na PO)),MHYM aasnasen arasraaoa KaBxascxoro OT~eJIa Ky6ancKofo Ka3. BOH:CKa.C HaqaJIOM BOH:IlhI 30.7.1914 r. 6blJI aasua-rea HaqaJIbHMKOM 2-H: Ky6aHCKOH: nnacTYHCKOH:6pMr~bI. C 3.2.1915 HaqaJIbHMK 1-H: Ky6anCKOH: nnaCtyHCKOH: 6pMrMbI. 1.10.1917 r. 6wJI aasnaxea KOMan~MpoM aasasmeroca <pOpMMpoBaTbcH Ky6aHcKo-TepcKoro nJIacTYHcKOfO xopnyca. IIOJIb30BaBIIIMH:Cjf 60JIbIIIMM aBTopMTeToM na Ky6aHM r. Cpa3Y )Ke sucrynaa nporas 60JIbIlIeBMKoB. B <peBp. 1918 paccMaTpMBaJICH KaK KaH~!I~aT na nOCT KOMaH~yIOll{erO BOH:CKaMHKy6aHcKoro xpaa, HO ero xaaaanarypa 6blJIa OTKJIOHCHa aBTOIlOMMCTCKMnacrpoemroii Ky6aHCKOH: PMOH:. Korzta )Ke rea, BYKpeToB B MapTe 1918 OTKa3aJICH OT ~OJI)KHOCTlI, r. BCC)Ke 6bIJI aasaasea na 3T(d"IIOCT. Cropoaaax 06'be)),MHeHl'IH YCMJIMH: 60Pb6e C 60JIbIlIeBli '-,IMM, npOTMBHHK Ky6aHcKHx caB MOCTMH:HMKOB. MaH 1919 KOMaH)),Mp 8-H: LlOnCKOH: )),MBM3MM C III LlOHCKOro xopnyca LlOHCKOH:apMMM. B <peBp. 1920 Ha3HaqeH KOMaH)),MpOM IIJIacTYHcKoro xopnyca Ky6aHCKOH: apMMH. IIoCJIe nOpa)KeHMH 6eJIblX apMHH: nOKMHYJI POCCHIO. )KMJI B IOfocJIaBHH, aKTHBHO yqacTBOBaJI B ,lJ;eRTCJIbnOCTM 6eJI03MMfpanrcxax opranasauaa. fYPKO, POMeH:KO- fYPKO, BaClUIlIH: MOCI1<POBHq (8.5.1864 11.2.1937, PHM, MTaJIH5I), pyc. reaepan OT KaBaJIepHM (1916). CbIH reaepan-rpensnaapmana RB. fYPKO. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B IIa)KeCKOM xopnyce (1885) H HHKOJIaCBCKOH:aK~eMHH feHIIITa6a (1892): BbIIIYll.{eH B JIeH:6-rBap)),HM fPO))'HCHCKHH:ryCapCKHH:rrOJIK. C 26.11.1892 cTapIIIMH ~'bIOTaHT IIITa6a 8-H rrex.
179

II
,n;HBH3HH, C 4.6.1893 ofiep-orpnuep ,n;JI5I opysenaa u npa IIITa6e

Bapnraacxoro BO. B 1893-94 xovannoaan scxazrponosr JIeH6mapzma Ipoanencxoro rycapcxoro nOJIKa. C 20.9.1894 IIITa6orpanep ~JI5I OC06bIX nopysennii npn rrOMOIIInIfKe KOMan..1YIOntero BOIfCKaMIf Bapnrascxoro BO rro 3aBe,n;OBaHIfIO KaB. OKPyroM. C 9~8.1896 IIITa6-oqJHl{ep ,n;JI5I ropyvenaii r rrpn KOMan,n;yIOIIIeM BOIfCKaMH Baptuascxoro BO. Bo BpeM5I aHfJIo-6ypCKOH BOHHbI 1899-1900 COCT05IJI BoeHIibIM areHTOM npa BOHcKax 6YPOB. C 11.12.1900 MJIa,n;IIIIfH ,n;eJIOnpOIf3Bo,n;IfTeJIb KaHl{eJI5Ipna Boenno-y-renoro KOMHTeTa fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a, C 6.4.1901 BoeHHbIH arenr B Bepnane. C 24.11.1901 COCT05I:JI pacnopsB lKe~IIfIf nasansnaxa fJIaBHOrO IIITa6a. YqaCTnIfK pyc. -5InOHCKOH BOHnbI 1904-05: IIlTa6-oqmu;ep ,n;JI5I ropyxenaa r npn ynpaaneHIfIf reHepan-KBapTIfpMeHC!epa IIITa6a MaHbqlKYPCKOH apuaa, C 25.3.1903 KOMan,n;Ifp 2-If 6pIfra,n;bI YpaJIo-3a6aHKaJIbCKOH ceoznroii Ka3. ,n;IfBIf3HIf. C 20.4.1906 KOMaH,n;Hp2-H 6pIfra,n;bI 4-H KaB. ,n;IfBIf3IfIf. C 3.10.1906 no 12.3.1911npenceaarens Boen~o-IfCTOpHqeCKOH KOMIfCCIfIf no onacamno pyc. -5InOnCKOH BOHHbI. C 12.3.1911 aasansnax 1-H KaB. ,n;IfBIf3IfIf, C KOTOPOH BCTynIfJI B MHpOBJIO BOHHY H zreiicrsoaan B BOCTOqnOH IlpycCHH B COCTaBe 1-H a~I\1IfH rea, TI.K. Penueuxaurupa. Bo BpeM5I BOCTOqno-TIpycCKOIf onepanna naxomrncn B qIfCJIe BOHCK, Hanpaaneansrx B nOMeplKKY 2-H apana. 18 aar, 3aH5IJI AnJIenIIITeHn (B paiione Tanenfiepra), B OKT. 1914 narpaxnen opzrenou CB. Ieoprna 4-H crenenn. C 9.11.1914 xoxananp VI AK. B na'lane H05I6. nOCJIe npopsrsa repxi. BOHcKaMIf n03Ifu;HH II AK aKTIfBHbIMIf ,n;eHcTBH5IMIf IfCnpaBIfJI nOJIOlKenHe If 9(22) aex, BbIHy,n;IfJI repxr, apsnno ocraaoaars nacrynnemre, 21-23.1.1915 no npaxasy rea. H.B. Py3C1COZO npOBeJI onepanmo no B03BpaTY saxsaxemroro repa. BOHcKaMIf <pOJIbBapKa BOJI5I-illH,n;JIOBCKa5I. HeCMOTp5I na B03palKenH5I r., He lKeJIaBIIIero nenYlKnOH rw6eJIIf BOHCK, IIITa6 <PPOHTanaCT05IJI ira onepanan, B KOTOPOH KOpnyc r. (YBeJIIfqeHHbIH,n;O 6 ,n;IfBH3IfH) nOTep5IJI OK. 40 TbIC. -ren., He ,n;06HBIIlIfCb 3HaqIfTeJIbnbIX ycnexon, B KOHI~e Ma5I - naxane HIOH5I 1915 npoaezr ztse onepanan aa .llHecTpe, B xozre KOTOPbIX paCCTpOIfJI nsa aacrpo-searepcxax xopnyca If B35IJI B nJIeH CB. 13 TbIC. COJI,n;aTIf odianepos, 3aXBaTIfJI 6 Opy,n;IfH If CB. 40 nyJIeMeTOB. 3a 8TH ,n;eHCTBH5I 3.11.1915 aarpaxnen opnenoxr CB. Ieoprna 3-H crenenn. TIocJIe roro KaK rea. TI.A. Ilneee no-

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JIYqHJI naanasenae rJIaBHOKoMaH,n;YlOmIfM apMIf5IMIf Cesepnoro <PPOHTa, r. 6.12.1915 B03rJIaBHJI 5-10 apMIfIO (yraepzcnea 21.2.1916). Bo BpeM5I: 06meH aacrynarensnoii onepanna CeBepHOrO <ppoHTa 8-12(21-25).3.1916 npearrpaaan 6e3ycneIIIHoe nacrynnenne CJIJIaMIf XIII, XXVIII JI XXVII AK OT 5iK06IIlTa.n;Ta. Onepanaa ycnexa He npnnecna, a apMIf5I norep5I:JIaOK. 38 TbIC. xen. K xonuy Ma5I 1916 B COCTaB apMIfIf (npn Ha'IanbHIfKe IIITa6a ren, E.K. Munnepe), pa3BepHYToH B paiione HKo6IIITa.n;Ta, BXO,n;IfJIH XIII, XIX, XXXVIII H II CIf6IfPCKIfH AK. C 14.8.1916 KOMaH,n;YIOIIIIfH OC060H apMIfeH, coaztamroii na 6a3e rpyrmsr rea, B.M. 5e306pa306a, B KOTOPYIO BXO,n;IfJIIf aoitcxa Iaapnnn, I If XXX AK, a raioxe V KaB. xopnyc. TIocJIe aarycroscxoro naCTynJIeHIf5I Kiro-Bananaoro <ppoHTa If3 Oco60H apMHIf B 8-10 If 9-10 apMIfIf 6bIJIIf nepeztansr see BOHcKa Iaap,n;HHJI XXX AK. BMeCTO 8TOro apMIf5I 6bIJIa YCHJIena XXXIV AK (renepan-neiireaanr TI.TI. Cxoponaztcxmi) H3 COCTaBa 2-it apMHH, XXVI AK (renepan-neiirenanr MIfJIJIep) H3 COCTaBa 10-H apMJIJI H XXV AK (reaepan-xeiireaaar JI.r. KOpllWl06) If3 4-H apMHH. 10(23) cenr, apMH5I B COCTaBe I, XXV, XXVI, XXXIV H I Typxecrancxoro AK nepeztana B COCTaB IOro-3anaanoro <pponTa Ha apmno r. reno A.A. 5pYCWl06blM 6bIJIO B03JIOlKenO nanecenae rJIaBnOrO yztapa na KOBeJIb, HeCMOTp5I na pexoaenzaunn CTaBKIf, rrpennaranmeti BbI6paTb nanpaanenaeM rJIaBHOrO ynapa TpaIICIfJIbBaHHIO. r. 6bIJIJI rrepeztansr rrpaso<pJIanrOBble XXXIX H XL AK lf3 8-H apMHH H IV CH6IfPCKIfH AK H3 pesepna <ppoHTa. Haaexenaoe aa 17(30) cenr, nacrynJIeHIfe 6bIJIO copsano ynapoxr repa. rpynnsr reno r. <pOHMap6Ul{a, aaaecurero nopaacenne IV CH6IfPCKOMY AK nozt CUHIOXC;lMIf (xopnyc nOTep5IJI OK. 6 TbIC. qeJI., B r.a. 3 TbIC. nJIenHbIMu). 19 cenr. (2 OKT.) BMeCTe C 8-it apMHeH BCTyrrHJI B 60If, rroJIyqHBIIlUe naananne ~5-e KOBeJIbCKOe cpaacenae», Ilpoaonzcan oxcecro-reansre aTaKU zro 22 cenr. (5 OKT.), xorzra H3-3a nexsarKIf apr, CHap5I,n;OBonepauas 6bIJIa OCTanOBJIena. TIoCJIe nora 8-5I apMIf5I 6bIJIa nepeopomena B JIecHcTble Kapnarsr, a ee BOHCKa BOIIIJIH B COCTaBapl\1IfH r., qHCJIeHHOCTb KOTOPOH ,n;OCTlIrJIa 12 apveiicxnx If 2 KaB. xopnycos. CqHTa5I, 'ITO yrrpannenae raKUM 60JIbIIllIM KOJIlIqeCTBOM noiicx 3aTpy,n;HHTeJIbUO, r. paazteJIUJI apMHIO na ceBepUYIO U IOlKUYIO rpynnsr. B rrOCJIe,n;UHX qIfCJIaX cenT5I6p5I: f. npOBeJI 3-,n;neBIlOe 6-e KOBeJIbCKOe cpaacenne, 181

180

B KOTOPOMycnexa pyc. BOHCKaBHOBb He ,l{06HJIHCb, nOHeCR neonpasnanuo 60JIbllIHe rrorepa. C 10.11.1916 no 17.2.1917 BOapeMR 60JIe3HH rea. M.B. Ane1CCee8a HCnOJIHRJI 06R3aHHocTH naqaJIbHHKa lIITa6a Bepxonaoro rJIaBHOKOMaH,l{YIOI1\ero, HOMHHaJIbHO OCTaBaRCb BO rnase apMHH (3aMeI1\aJI na rrOCTY KOMaH,l{YIOI1\ero apMHeH rea, Il.C. Ea.Tlye8). llPORBHJI BJIaCTHbIH xapaxrep (B OTJIHqHe 01' MRrKoro Anexceesa), aKTHBHO nporaBOCTORJInorrsrrxau COI03HHKOB YCKOPHTb pyc, aacrynneane B 1917. Ilposen peopraaaaaumo apMHH, COCTORBlIIYIOB TOM, 'ITO nOJIKH 4-6aTaJIbOHHOro COCTaBa CBe,l{eHW B 3-6aTaJIbOHHbIe, a H3 OCB060,l{MBlIIMXCR 4 6aTaJIbOHOB 6bIJIM C<P0pMMpoBaHbI'TpeTbH ,l{MBM3MMxopnycos. K <peBp. peoprannaauna 6bIJIa B :QeJIOM saaepureaa. B HOR6.-,l{eK. 1916 TJDKeJIbIe 60M lIIJIH TOJIbKO aa PYMbIHCKOM <ppoHTe na n03M:QHRX 9-H M 4-H apMHH. Ha acexr OCTaJIbHOM<ppoHTe 6bIJIO cnOKoHHO. Ilpa nJIaHMpOBaHMM KaMnaHHH 1917 BMeCTe C ren, A.C. JIY1COMC1CUMpa3pa60TaJI nJIaH, npeJJ;ycMaTpMBaBlIIMH nepenoc crparerasecxoro peurenaa aa PYMbIHCKMH <pPOHT M OaJIKaHbI. Ha Cesepaosr, 3ana,l{HOM M Krro-Sanazmoa rppoarax CTaBKa OTKa3bIBaJIaCb OT MacllITa6HbIX onepauaii. O,l{HaKO rea. PY3CKMH M A.E. 38epm xareropaqeCKM BbICKa3aJIHCb npOTHB sroro nnana, M OH 6bIJI noaaepzcaa TOJIbKO ren. A.A. EpYCWl08blM. 51BJIRRCbJIMllib MCnOJIHRIOI1\MM 06R3aHHOCTM HaqaJIbHMKa nrraoa, r. He csror HaCTORTb na MCnOJIHeHHM paspafioranaoro HM nnana H npM6wBllIMH B <peBp. Anexcees H3MeHMJI ero nOJIO)KeHMR. Ilocne <l>eBpaJIbCKOH peBOJIIO:QMM 31.3.1917 CMeHMJI rea. 3BepTa na nOCTY rJIaBHOKOMaH,l{YIOI1\ero apMMRMM 3ana,l{HOro <PPOHTa. Ilocne 06HapO,l{0BaHMR B npaxase no apMMH M <PJIOTY.lleKJIapa:QMH npas soenHOCJIY)KaI1\MXr. 15 MaR nOJJ;aJI epXOBHOMY rJIaBHOKOMaH,l{YIOB I1\eMY M MMHMcTpy-npeJJ;ceJJ;aTeJIIOBpeueanoro npaBVTeJIbCTBa parropr, 'ITO OH ~CHHMaeT C ce6R BCRKYIO OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb3a 6JIarOnOJIyqHoe BeJJ;eHHeJJ;eJIa~.3a aro YKa30M Bpeueaaoro npaBMTeJIbCTBa OT 22.5.1917 CMeI:QeH C JJ;OJI)KHOCTH aanpeC I:QeHHeM naanaxars ero aa nOCT nsnne HaqaJIbHMKa JJ;MBM3HM. C 23.5.1917 COCTORJIB paCnOpR)KeHMM Bepxosnoro maBHOKOMalf,w!Omero. 21.7.1917 apeCTOBaH M 3aKJIIOqell B IlerporrasJIOBCKYIO xpenocrs, 110 scsope oCB060)KJJ;eH. B cenr. 1917 no penrenmo npaBMTeJIbCTBa BbICJIaHxepea ApXaHreJIbCK aa rparm:QY,a 14 OKT. YBOJIeH co CJIY)K6bI. B 3MMrpa:QHM )KMJI B J1TaJIMM,

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aKTMBlIO yqaCTBOBaJI B JJ;eRTeJIbHOCTMPOBC, 3aHMMaJI nocr npenceztarens COI03a HHBaJIM,l{OB. ABTOP MeMyapoB ~POCCMR 1914-1917~ (1921). Ero 6paT: ,UMHTPMH J1oCH<pOBHq (23.9.1872 - 19.8.1945, Ilapazc, <l>paH:QMR), reaepan-aaiiop (24.5.1915). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B Ila)KecKoM xopnyce (1893) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH: area]leMHH Ienurraoa (1900). BbIIlYI:QeH B JIeii6-rBapJJ;MM YJIaHCKMH: Ero BeJIMqeCTBa nOJIK. YqaCTHMK pyc.-snoacxoa BOH:HbI. 3a OTJIHqMR narpaxzten 30JIOTbIM opY)KHeM (1906). C 12.4.1908 BOeHHbIH:arenr B Illneiluapaa. 30.8.1914-28.5.1915 KOMaHJJ;Mp 18-ro rycapcxoro He)KHHCKOro nOJIKa. 19.5.1915 narpaacnea opJJ;eHoMCB. Ieopnor 4- H CTeneHM. C 6.8.1915 HaqaJIbHHK nrratia XIV AK, C 7.4.1917 KOMaHJJ;YIOI:QMH:16-H: KaB. JJ;MBM3MeH:. 27.8.1917 nepeseztea B peaeps qMHOB npa nrraoe Mocxoscxoro BO. B Ipaxnaacxyio BOH:HY HaXO,l{HJICR na Ceaepo-Banazte, nOMep)KMBaJI Bepsronr- ABaJIOBa, e3JJ;MJI 1' ero MMeHM B urrao 0 BCIOP. B 3MMrpa:QMM - TOBapMI:Q npenceztarens, 3aTeM rrpeztceztarens 06'heJJ;MHeHMR JIeH:6-rBapJJ;MMYJIaHCKOro nOJIKa.

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rYPO (Gouraud) AHpM-)K03e<p-3TbeH (17.11.1867, Ilapaxc - 1946), <ppaH:Q.,l{MBM3MOHHbIH:reuepan (1915). 06pa30BaHMe nOJIyqMJI B CeH-CMpcKOH BOeHHOH:llIKOJIe (1888). BbIIlYI:QeH B erepcicaii nOJIK. C 1894 CJIY)KMJIB A<PPMKe, C 1897 KOMaHJJ;Mp 6aTaJIbOHa. YqaCTBOBaJI B CYJJ;aHCKOH:SKcneJJ;MUMM 1898, B 1910-14 CJIY)KMJIB Mapoxxo. B 1911-14 M.JJ;. OMOI:QHMKaren, n JI. Jluome. Bo BpeMR BOH:HbI KOMaHJJ;OBaJI J;MBM3MeH ApronJ B nax. C RHB. 1915 KOMaHJJ;MpKOJIOHMaJIbHOrO AK. 14.5.1915 aaMeHMJI rea, A. AMada na nOCTY KOMaH,l{YIOI:QerO <ppall:Q. BOHCKaMM (2 JJ;MBM3MM) COCTaBeaHrJIO-<ppaH:Q. xopnyca ren. 51. IaB uussmona na faJIJIHnOJIHH:CKOM rronyocrpose. 30.6.1915 f.6bIJI TR)KeJIO panen M CJJ;aJI OMaHJJ;OBaHHe.C JJ;eK.1915 KOMaHJJ;YIOK I:QMH4-H: apMMeH B Illaxmana, KOTOPOH: OMaHJJ;OBaJI K OKOJIOrOJJ;a, IIOCJIe xero nOJIyqMJI KOMaHJJ;MpOBKYB Mapoxxo, rzre B 191617 3aHHMaJI nOCT renepansnoro pe3MJJ;eHTa BMeCTO JIMoTe. B MIOJIe 1918, BO BpeM5f2-ro Cpa)KeHMR rra Mapne, [, BHOBb KOMaHJJ;OBaJI4-H apMMeH:, 3aHMMaBllIeH: n03H:QHH K BOCTOKY 01' Peiiaca. 15.7.1918 qaCTM 1-H H 3-H reper. apMHH nepenina B nacrynnenae na n03MUHH apMHM I' H, He ncrpe-raa cepsesnoro conpOTHBJIeHHR, npeOJJ;OJIeJIM nepeaonsre n03H:QMH, npoztannyn183

182

nracs aa 3-4 KM. Ha n03Hu,HH rnasnoro conpOTHBJIeHH5I r. OCTaHOBHJI nacrynannrae BOHCKa apr. H MHHOMeTHbIM orne«. 16 HIOJI5Irepsr. KOMaH,l(OBaHHeOCTaHOBHJIO onepaumo. 29.9.1918 apMH5I r. (27 rrex. H 2 KaB. ,l(HBH3HH) nepemna B HaCTynJIeHHe BMeCTe C 1-H aMepHKaHcKoH apMHeH, HaHOC5IrJIaBHbIH yztap na aanannox 6epery Maaca no 06e CTOPOHbI OT Aparon B nanpasJIeHHH na Measep. K HCXO,l(y 30 HIOJI5I q,paHKo-aMepHKaHcKHe BOHcKa npOpBaJIH «JIHHHIO 3Hrq,pH,l(a~ na 30 KM no q,POHTY H na 11 KM B rJIy6HHY. K MOMeHTY 3aKJIlOqeHH5I rrepexapaa (11.11.1918) apMH5I f. ,l(OCTHrJIa Maaca MeiK,l(y Ce,l(aHOM H Measeposs. B 1919-23 rJIaBHbIH KOMHccap <l>paHu,HH B CHPHH H rJIaBHOKOMaH,l(YIOIllHH q,paHu,. BOHcKaMH aa BOCTOqHOM nofiepescse Cpezrasexnroro MOP5l. B 1920 Pa36HJI npOB03rJIaCHBIllero ce651 KOpOJIeM CHPHH 3MHpa <l>eHCaJIa. B 1923-37 BoeHHbIH rytiepaarop Ilapaaca H qJIeH Bsrcnrero soeaaoro COBera, B 1937 BbIIlleJI B OTCTaBKY.

_ nepeilleJI

B HacTynJIeHHe

rrporas

IX

ascrpo-

nenrepcxoro

KOp-

fYTOP AJIeKceH Eareaseana (30.8.1858 -13.8.1938), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeHTeHaHT (31.12.1914). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B MHXaHJIOBCKOM apr, y-rannure (1889) H HHKOJIaeBCKOH axazteMHH Ieanrratia (1895). BblIIYIlleH B 3-10 rBap,l(eHCI}YIO H rpenaztepcxyio 6pHra,l(Y. C 1.5.1897 06ep-0q,Hu,ep ,l(JI5Inopyxenait npn urrafie rpenaztepcxoro xopnyca, C 8.4.1900 COCT05lJInpn MoeKOBCKOMBoeHHOM yxamnue ,l(JI5Inpenozrananaa BoeHHbIX nayx. C 20.9.1901 urrafi-odnmep ,l(JI5IOC06bIX nopysenaii npa urraoe XII AK, C 24.11.1901 oriep-orpanep ,l(JI5Inopy-renail npn urratie Kaencxoro BO. C 28.10.1902 crapmaii a,l(bIOTaHT nrrafia Knescxoro BO. YqaCTHHK pyc.vanoncxoa BOHHbI 1904-05, C 22.3.1904 HaqaJIbHHK nrrafia 9-H nex. ,l(HBH3HH. C 14.6.1905 KOMaH,l(Hp 121- ro nex. Ilenaeacxoro nOJIKa, C4.11.1910 - JIeH6rsapnaa MOCKoBcKoro nOJIKa. C 6.3.1913 HaqaJIbHHK nrrafia Ka3aHCKOro BO. TIPH M06HJIH3au,HH 19.7.1914 nasaaxen naqaJIbHHKOM urraoa 4-H apMHH rea. A.E. 3aJlbUp. B Mae 1915 sa pa60TY na nocry HaqaJIbHHKa urrafia uarpazctea Op,l(eHOM CB. Ieoprna 4-H CTeneHH. C 1.4.1915 HaqaJIbHHK 34-H nex. ,l(HBH3HH, C 6.3.1916 KOMaH,l(Hp VI AK B COCTaBe 11-i% apMHH.I1MeHHO CHJIaMH ero xopnyca KOMaH,l(YIoIllHH apMHeH rea. B.B. Caxapoe nJIaHHpOBaJI OCYIlleCTBHTb npopsrs n03Hu,HH npOTHBflHxa BO BpeM5I oriutero HacTynJIeHH5I B 1916. 22 Ma5I (4 mOH5I)
184

~ ~~, rryca, YCHJIeHHOrO repM. qaCnIMH. B T5IiKeJIbIX 605lx y BoporiseBKH 22-27 Ma5I (4-9 mOH5I) xopnyc nonec 60JIbillHe norepn H -, ycnexa He HMeJI. TIoTepH COCTaBHJIH OK. 15 TbIC. xen., npOTHBJtHK nOTep5lJI OK. 3 rsrc. qeJI. B nasane 1917 He,l(OJIrO KOMaH,l(OBM XI AK. 15.4.1917 naanaxea KOMaH,l(YIoIllHM 11-H apMHeH, a 22 Ma5I rJIaBHOKOMaH,l(YIOIllHM apMH5IMH IOro-3ana,l(HOrO q,POHra, PyKOBO,l(HJI BOHCKaMH rpponra BOBpeM5II1IOHbcKor~ H:cTynJIeIfH5I.I1Mt'JI 3a,l(aqeH Pa3rpOM ancrpo-nenrepcxax apMHH, npnKphlBaBIllHx HanpaBJIeHHe na JIbBOB, OCTaJIbHbIe q,POHTbI ,l(OJIiKHhl 6blJlH nonnepzcars HacTynJIeHHe IOro-3ana,l(HOrO q,POHra. K HaqaJIY HaCTynJIeHH5I B COCTaBq,poHTa (npH HaqaJIbHHKe urrafia ren. H.H. J!yxollulle) BXO,l(HJIH Oc06a51 (rea. TI.c. EaJlYes), 11-51 (rea. 11.r. 3paeJlU), 7-51 (rea. JI.H. EeJlbK08U1/,) H 8-51 (rea. JI.r. KOPllWI08) apMHH, B peaepse q,poHTa HaxO,l(HJI~Cb I H II rsapneiicxae xopnyca. V, XXV, LXV AK H V KOHHbIH KOPnyc. OC060H apMHH OTBO,l(HJIaCb naCCHBHa5I POJIb, 11-51 H 7-51 apMHH HaHOCHJIH yztap na JIbBOB. 18 mOH5I (1 HIOJI5I) CHJIaMH 3 apMHH q,poHTa nasan aTaKY. 11-51 apMH5I HMeJIa ycnex na nepBOM arane 360poBcKoro CpaiKeHH5I18-22.6(1-5.7).1917. Oco6eHHo ycnenmo pa3BHBaJIOCb HacTynJIeHHe 8-H apMHH, B351BIlleH Iamrs (27 HIOH5I) H Kannru (28 HIOH5I). O,l(HaKO repsr. K~MaH,l(OBaHHe HaHeCJIO 6(19) HIOJI5I KOHTpY,l(ap, 3aBepIllHBIllHHC5I HeopraHH30BaHHbIM OTcTynJIeHHeM 11-H apMHH. BOHcKa q,pOHTa He OKa3aJIH npaKTHqeCKH amcaxoro conpOTHBJIeHH5I MaccaMH CHHMaJIHCb C n03Hu,HH H YXO,l(HJIH B TbIJI. OTXO,l( rrpeKpaTHJIC5I 15 mOJI5I na JIHHHH BP0,l(bI-36apaiKfPiKHMaJIOBKHMnOJIYHr. B xozte HacTynJIeHM5I q,POHT nOTep5lJI OK. 40 TbIC. qeJI. TIocJIe HeY,l(aqH r. 10.7.1917 OTqHCJIeH B paCnOp5liKeHHe Bepxosnoro rJIaBHOKOMaH,l(YIoIllero H scxope nepesenen B pesepa qHHOB npn urraoe MOCKOBcKoro BO. B 1918 B~TynHJI B Kpacnyio apMHIO. C asr. 1918 npe,l(Ce,l(aTeJIb YCTaBHOH KOMHCCMH C Ma51 1920 qJIeH Oc060ro cOBeIllaHM5I npn fJIaBKOMe PKKA. B ,l(aJIbHeHilleM rrpenonaaan B BoeHHoH aKa,l(eMHH PKKA.

1931 B OTCTaBKe. PenpeccHpoBaH.

fYTbEP (Hutier) OCKap q,OH (27.8.1857, 3pq,YPT 5.12.1934), repa, renepan neXOTbI. B 1875 BCTynHJI JIeHTeHaHTOM B nexory B 1885-88 yqHJIC5I B Boennoii aKa,l(eMHH. C 1889
185

CJIY)KHJI B fCHIIITa6c. HaqaJIbHHK IIITa6a

C 1890

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III

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np, ).

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aa ThIJIOBYIO rr03HUI1IO.

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na 3HC (27.5-13.6.1918)

15 ThIC. qCJI. rrJICHHhIMH,

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/

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- OK. 40 TbIC. xen.).

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BO BP~M5I ofimero

186

187

liH}I repsr. apMHH, 18-H apMHH npHIllJIOCb asrztepacars ocotienHOCHJIbHblH nanop COI03HHKOB,na nee npmuenca rJIaBHblH ynap aHrJI. apMHH. B }lHB. 1919 asnuen B orcrasxy Zlo }lHB. 1934 6blJI rrpenceztarenea Iepv. odnmepcxoro COl03a.

fIOH,lJ;EJIh (Gundel) 3PHX Iycras BHJIbr~JIbM Teoztop ¢OH (13.7.1854, Iocnap - 23.12.1924), repxr. renepan neXOTbI. Heaaztoxro no aaxana BOHHbl nsnuen B oTcTaBKY. fIPH M06HJIH3aU;HH 2.8.1914 npI13BaH H3 OTCTaBKHH Ha3Hal.JeHKOMaH,a:HpOM V peaepsnoro xopnyca, 3.9.1916 CMeHHJIT}lJKeJIOaafionennrero rea. f. Iasoe BO rnase apaeiicxoro ynpaBJIeHH}I «B~, ,a:eHcTBosaamero B Bepxnexr 3JIb3ace. 28.8.1916 narpazcaen opnenosr Pour le Merite. PYKOBO,a:HJI,a:eHCTBlf}lMH ynpaBJIeHH}I ,a:o ero pacdiopxrapoaaaaa 23.12.1918. .l1:AHMJIOB BJIa,a:HMHp HHKOJIaeBHl.J (27.12.1852 1.11.1914), pyc. renepan OT HH¢aHTepHH (10.4.1911), renepana,a:bIOTaHT(1906). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIYl.JHJIBO 2-M KOHcTaHTHHOBCKOMyuanaute (1873). Bsmyuten B JIeH6-rBap,a:HH ErepcKHH nOJIK. 16.10.1898-26.3.1903 KOMaH,a:l1p96-ro nex. OMCKOro nOJIKa. B 1903-04 renepan ,a:JI}Inopy-renaii npn KOMaH,a:YlomeM BOHcKaMH Ilpaaxrypcxoro BO. Yl.JaCTHHK pyc.-anoncxoii BOHHbI 1904-05. C 21.9.1904 KOMaH,a:Hp6-H BOCTOl.JHO-CH6HPCKOHCTpeJIKOBOH,a:I1BH3HH.B OKT. 1905 PYKOBO,a:I1JI 3BaKyaU;HeH pyc. nJIeHHblX H3 51noHHH (zto necnsr 1906). 3a OTJIHl.JH}InarpaJK:n;eHopzrenosa CB. Ieopraa 4-H H 3-H CTeneHH (1905) H 30JIOTbIMopYJKHeM (1906). C 25.11.1905 Hal.JaJIbHHK2-H raapztefiCKOH nex. ,a:HBH3HH,C 21. 6.1906 KOMaH,a:l1praapneiicxoro KOPnyca. 28.1.1912 Ha3Hal.JeHl.JJIeHOMAnexcannpoacxoro KOMHTera 0 panensrx. Onnoapesreano 1.1.1913)l. CTaJI TaKJKe KOMeH,a:aHTOM Ilerepdyprcrcoii KpenOCTH, 6bIJI XOPOillO 3naKOM H nOJIb30BaJIC}I zronepaea HHKOJIM II. Bcxope nOCJIena-rana BOHtlbl )l. 6bIJI rrepeseztea B ,a:eHCTBYIomylO apxrmo H 30.8.1914 na- • aaasen KOMan,a:HpOM XXIII AK (mrecro rea, K.A. KOH,a:paTOBHl.Ja). CKopOnOCTPJKnO CKOHl.JaJIC}I. .l1:AHMJIOB HI1KOJIaH AJIeKcaH,a:poBHl.J (13.4.1867 - MaH 1934, JIeHHHfpa,a:), pyc. renepan OT HH¢anTepHI1 (23.10.1914). 06pa30BanI1e nOJI)"l HJI 8 3- M AJIeKCafltJ:pOBCKOM yqI1JIHIu;e (1886)
188

H HHKOJIaeBCKOHaKa,a:eMHIIIennrraoa (1893). Bsmynten B JIeH6rnap,a:HH MOCKOBCKHHnOJIK. 28.6.1895-18.3.1897 c-rapIIIHH a,a:bIOTaHT IllTa6a.1-H rsapnericxof nex. ,a:HBH3HH.C 18.3.1897 noMomHHK ,a:eJIOnp0I13Bo,a:IITeJJ}I, 17.2.1902-15.2.1904 ,a:eJIOnpOH3BO,a:HTeJIb Kanu;eJI}lpHH Boemroro MHHHcTepCTBa. C 1901 3KCTpaop,a:I1HapHbIH npo¢eccop HIIKOJIaeBCKOH aKa,a:eMI1IIIeaurraoa no Ka¢e,a:pe TaKTHKH. C 5 MM no 16 cenr. 1903 KOMaH,a:OBaJI 6aTaJIbOHOM.Yl.JaCTnIIK pyc-xnoncxoii BOHHbI 1904-05. C 15 rpesp. no 24 HO}l6. 1904 Hal.JaJIbHHK xannenspaa nonesoro urraoa Mansl.JJKYPCKOH apMHH, B caMOM KOHu;eBOHHhI aaanaxen n.zt. nasam> HHI\a urrafia rnaaaoxoaanayromero BceMH cyxonyrnsnta H MOPCKHMH CHJIaMH,,a:eHCTBYIOIu;HMH npOTHB 5InoHHH. 3a 3aCJIyn1 B BOHHe narpaacaen 30JIOTbIM 0pYJKHeM. C 2.7.1905 no 20.2.1911 - noeroutnarc Hal.JaJIbHHKa, C 20.2.1911 nal.JaJIbHHK KaHu;eJI}lpHH Boennoro MHHHCTepCTBa. O,a:noBpeMeHHo l.JHTaJIJIeKU;HII B HHKOJIaeBCKOHBoeHHoH aKa,a:eMHH.ABTOP 60JIbillOrO l.JHCJIasoeaHO-HCTOpH'IeCKHXrpyzron, B T.l.J.«l1cTOpHl.JeCKHHoxepxnearexsHOCTH xanuenapaa Boennoro MHHHcTepcTBa~ (CITE, 1909), «l1cTOpHl.JeCKHH oxepx pa3BHTl1}1 soennoro ynpaBJIeHH}I B PoeCl1H~ (CITE, 1902), «POJIb neXOTbI B cOBpeMeHHoM 601O~ (CITE, 1911) H ztp. B aoennsrx xpyrax 3BaJIC}I «)lanIIJIOB-phIJK~H~, B OTJIHl.JHe IO.H. Ilanunoea (npoasmne «)laHHJIOB-6eJIbIH~ HOOT Cl1JInal.JaJIbHHKnrraoa Kponurrazrrcxoii xpenocra renepan-neiiTeHaHT AHTOH BaCHJIbeBHl.J )lanHJIOB). ITPH M06HJIH3aU;HH 19.7.1914 nasna-rer: rJIaBnbIM Hal.JaJIbHHKOMcna6JKenHH apMHH Cesepo-Sanaztnoro ¢poHTa. B anr, - nO}l6. 1914 KOMaH,a:OBaJI XXIII AK. C 13.6.1916 KOMaH,a:HpX AK B COCTaBe4-H apMHH. B asr, xopnyc nepeztan BO 2-10 apMHIO. C 12.6.1917 (c nepepuBOMC 7 no 22 asr.) KOMan,a:OBaJI -11:apMHeH 3ana,a:noro ¢poHTa. 2 Bo BpeM}I oKnI6pbcKHX C06bITHH 1917 He npennpanan HHKaKHX Mep, l.JT06hI npenorsparars Pa3BaJI apMHH, npO}lBHJI JIO}lJIbnOCTb B OTHOIllenHH K HOBOHBJIaCTH.10 HO}l6. KOMHTeTrpenanepcxoro xopnyca rrpe,a:JIOJKHJIrrpoTHBHHKy nepexrnpae [rronrnrcano 15(28) HO}l6.]. 20 nO}l6. )l., YJKe nOJIHOCTblOHe KOHTpO~HpOBaBIllHH apMHIO, cxeniea. C 1918 aa cJIyJK6e B Kpacnoii apMHH. C ztex, 1919 nrrarnsrii nperronasarens AKa,a:eMHH Ieuurratia, C 10.8.1921 ztexan BoeHHO-3KOHOMHl.JeCKoro¢aKYJIbTeTa BoenHO-HHJKeHepnOH aKa,a:eMHHPKKA. 3aTeM nporpeccop BoeHHoH aKa,a:eMHHPKKA. B 1931-33 nncnexrop urrafia PKKA.

189

.n:AHHJlOB IOpHM (Ieoprnji) HHKH<P0POBWI (13.8.1866, KHeB - 3.2.1937, Ilapnzc, <PpaHQH5I), renepan OT HH<paHTepHH (22.10.1914). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B MHXaMJIOBCKOM apr. yqHJIHI.Qe (1886) H HHKOJIaeBCKOMaKa;:J:eMHH Iennrraoa (1892). BbIIIYI.QeH B 27-10 apr, 6pHra;:J:y.C 1898 CJIYJKHJI fJIaBHOM UITaB 6e. C 25.1.1894 nOMOI.QHHKcrapmero a;:J:1>IOTaHTa urratia KHeBCKOro BO. C 31.3.1898 nOMOI.QHHK,n:eJIOnpOH3Bo,n:HTeJI5I KaHueJI5IpHH no M06HJIH3aQHH BOMCK,C 1.5.1903 COCT05lJIB qHCJIe llITa6-0<pHQepOB Iemnraoa npn fJIaBHOM llITa6e. C 13.1.1904 HaqaJIbHHK OT,n:eJIeHH5I fJIaBHOrO nrrafia, C25.6.1905 HaqaJIbHHK OT,n:eJIeHH5IYflII, f C 1.5.1906 nOMOI.QHHK I-ro 06ep-KBapTHpMeMcTepa Iemnratia (onaospeaeaao C 16.11.1904 no 13.12.1906 H C 17.11.1908 nOCT05lHHblM qJIeH Kperrocrnoro KOMHTeTa) C 13.12.1906 KOMaH,n:Hp 166-ro nex. Ponencxoro nOJIKa: C 18.10.1908 06ep-KBapTHpMeMcTep rvnn C 25.7.1909 renepan -KBapTHpMeMCTep Iennrrafia H o,n:HOBpeMeHHOC 17.11.1908 nOCT05lHHbIM qJIeH fJIaBHOrO xpenocrnoro KOMHTeTa, a C 22.12.1910 npeacezrareas KpenOCTHOM KOMHCCHHnpa fYflII Bsnay qaCTOMCMeHbI HaqaJIbHHKOB Ieanrratia, ,ll. <paKTHqeCK~ PYKOBO,n:HJI a3pa60TKOM nnana BOMHbI C ABCTPO- Benrpnea H p Iepuaaaetl. B apMHH HMeJI np03BHI.Qe ~,llaHHJIOB-qepHbIM». C Haq~OM M06HJIH3aQHH, 19.7.1914 Ha311aqeH renepan-xaapTHpMeHcTepoM IIlTa6a Bepxosaoro rJIaBHOKoMaH,n:YIOI.Qero.T.K. HaqaJIbHHK nrraoa rea. H.H. JIIlYUlxeeUtf., nc CBoeMnenonroroaJIeHHOCTH,C cauoro nasana BOMHbInOJIHOCrsio OTCTpaHHJIC5I T O zren, TO BC5Ioneparnanaa patiora JIerJIa aa Zl, B cear, 1914 narpazoren opnenoa CB. Ieopraa 4-M CTeneHM. OblJI HHHUHaTOPOM H COCTaBHTeJIeMscex CTpaTerHqeCKHX onepanaii, xoropue BeJIa pyc, apMH5I B 1914-15. K ocena 1915 pyc. apMHH OTOllIJIH HaJIHHHIO qepHOBQbI, I1HHCK, ,llBHHCK, Para, Korna B asr, 1915 rea. A.A. Ilonueanoe co06uIHJI rea. M.B. Anexceeeq 0 ero na3HaqeHHH aa ,n:OJIJKHOCTb HaqaJIbHHKa llITa6a Bepxoaaoro rJIaBHOKOMaH,n:YIOI.Qero, O AJIeKceeB ~BbICKa3aJIC5InpOTHB coxpaT HeHH5I ren. ,ll. ira 3aHHMaeMOM HM ,n:OJIJKHOCTH rerrepan-xaapTHpMeMcTepa». 30.8.1915,ll. naanaxea KOMaH,n:HpoM XXV AK, C 11.8.1916 Ha,:{aJIbHHK nrraria apMHM Cenepnoro <ppoHTa. 29.4.1917, B paarap ~,n:eMoKpaTH3aQHH apMHH», ,ll. nOJIyqHJI 5-10 apMHIO, npaxea, no cBH,n:eTeJIbCTBYrea, A.ll. /.!ellU1CUlla, CYMeJInpH06peCTH ocofioe pacnOJIOJKeHHe xosraccapa apMHH H
190

COJI,n:aTCKHXOMHTeToB;nbITaJIC5IrrpOTlIBo,n:eMCTBoBaTB K ~~eMOKpaTH3aQHH». Ilepen HaqaJIOM Hionscxoro HacTyrrJIeHH5I apMH5I - )l paaaeprsrsanacs B paiione ,llBHHcKa H BKJIIOqaJIa B ce651 XIII, XIV, XIX, XXVII, XXVIII AK, a TaKJKe I KOHHblM xopnyc. JIeToM 1917 BbICKa3aJI COMHeHHe 0 QeJIeC006pa3HocTH npose,n:eHIDIHaCTyrrJIeHH5I na ysacrxe ero apMHH. 10(23) lIIOJI5I CHJIaMH XIII H XIV AK npOBeJI nacrynnenae noz; 51K06llITa,n:ToM, KOTOPoe He rrpHHeCJIO HHKaKHX pe3YJIbTaToB. 9 cear, GH5ITC KOMaJI,n:OBaHl'l5l nepesenea B peaeps qHHOB npn mrarie IlerporM pancxoro BO. B 1918 ncrynan B KpacHYIO apMMIO. B rpeep. 1918 OT03saH B pacnopszceaae fYflII, B MapTe B03rJIaBMJI rpynny BoeHHbIX axcneproa npn cOBeTcKoM zieneranaa na neperosopax C ueHTpaJIbHbIMM nepacaaaxra B Bpecr-Jlrrroncxe I1POTMBHMK 3aKJIIOqeHH5I MHpa C fepMaHMeM no HHMQHaTHBe ,ll. 3KCceprsr rroztamr na HM5I C.B. COKOJIbHHKOBa 3anHCKY npOTHB 3aKJIlOqeHH5I MHpa. I10 B03BpaI.QeHHH B Ilerporpan 9 MapTa BKJIIOqeH B COCTaBKOMHCCHH soenasrx cneQHaJIHCTOB no BbIpa60TKe nnana npe06pa30BaHH5I soennoro uenrpa ,n:JI5I eoprap HM3aUHH apMHH. Pa3pa6oTaHHbIM KOMHccHeM nJIaH He 6bIJI YTnepzoien CHT{. 25 MapTa BbIllIeJI B OTCTaBKYH yexan na YKpaHHy, 3aTeM r _)ellIeJI B paiion ,n:eMCTBHM ,ll06POBOJIbqeCKOM apMHM. OC(mbIO 1920 3aHHMaJI nOCT rrOMOI.QHHKa HaqaJIbHHKa Boennoro ynpaBJIeHH5I BCIOP B 1920 3MHrpHpOBaJI B KOHCTaHTHHOnOJIb, 3aTeM B I1apHJK. ABTOP BoeHHO-HCTOpHqeCKHX rpyztos, BT.q. ~POCCH5IBMHPOBOMBOMHe1914-1915 rr,» (1924), ~BeJIHKHM Kfi5l3b HMKOJIaM HHKOJIaeBHq» (1930), «Pyc, BOMCxa na <ppaHQY3cKOM M MaKe,n:OHCKOM <ppoHTax, 1916-1918 rr,» (.1933), ~Ha nyra K spymeamo» H ztp,

.n:AHKJlb, C 17.8.1917 - ,llaHKJIb <pOH KpacHHK (Dankl von Krasnik) BHKTOP (18.9.1854, Y.n;MHe,BeHeUH5I- 8.1.1941, llHc6pYK), rparp (1918), 6apoH (17.8 1917), aacrpo-searepcKMM reHepaJI-nOJIKOBHHK (1.5.1916). CbIH xannrana. 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B I1eJITeHCKOM Ka,n:eTCKOMxopnyce, TepeanaHCKOM BoeHHOM axanexrna (1874) H AKa,n:eMHH Ienurrafia (1879). BbIIIYI.Qen JIeMTenaHToM B 3-M nparyncxaii KOPOJI5I AJIb6epTa nOJIK (3HC). C 1880 CJIYJKHJIB urrafie 8-M KaB 6PHraznr B I1pare, C 1883 - 32-M nex. ,n:MBH3HHB Bynanenrre, saTeM B 11-M YJIaHCKOM nOJIKY B THpOJIe. C 51HB. 1896 naxans191

HUK IlITa6a XIII AK (Arpasr). C OKT. 1899 IIIe<p PYKOBO,ll,5'IIl{ero 6lOpO IiOJIhIIIOrO Ienurrafia. C arrp 1903 KOMaH,l:J:up 66-H (Kosropna), C Ma}! 1905 - 16-H rrex. 6pUra,lJ;hI B Tperrrnao. B llIOJIe 1907 naanasea KOMaH,lJ;UpOM 36-H rrex. ,lJ;UBU3UU (Arpaa), C rpesp. 1912 KOMaH,lJ;up XIV AK (11Hc6pYK) U nasansHUK 060POHhI Tnpo.na U <DopapJIh6epra. C HaqaJIOM M06uJIu3aIJ:llI1 B aar, 1914 nasnasea KOMaH,lJ;YIOIl{UM 1-H apMueH paaBepThIBaBIIIeHC}! na Cane B paiioae CeH}!Ba-HuCKo (KaBaJIePU}! c06UpaJIaCh na JIeBOM rpnaare apxnm). B COCTaB apMUU (npn 450 0PY,lJ;U}!x) BXO,lJ;UJIU (rea. K. Kupx6ax aycjJ JIaymepI 6ax) , V (<peJIh,lJ;IJ:eHXMeHCTep II. [[YXaJIJLO cjJO'HEpJLOZ) U X (reu. Meiixcuepv AK, a TaK)Ke 3-5I (<peJIb,lJ;MapIIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT A. <pOH Epyaep.Ma'H) U 9-}! (<peJIb,lJ;MapIIIaJI-JIeHTeHaHT JI. Xayep) KaB. ,lJ;UBU3UU.ApMU}!.ll. HaHOCUJIa yztap na JII06JIUH B npocrpaacrso Me)K,lJ;yBUCJIOH U Benpxexr, rzte paaseprsmaJIaCh 4-}! pyc. apMU}! ren. A.E. Sansua. 4(17) asr, rrpOU30IIIJIO nepnoe CTOJIKHOBeHue pyc. KaBaJIepUU 4-H apjaan C qaCT}!MU apana Zl. B TaHeBCKUX necax IO)KHee Kpacmnca. 7(20) anr, apMU}! .ll. ,lJ;BuHYJIaCh C pyfiezca CaH na ceBepo-BOCTOK. YTpOM 10(23) asr.Zl. CUJIaMU I U V AK B paiione Kpacamca aTaKOBaJI XIV pyc. xopnyc, npnnynan ero K orcrynnemno. 11(24) asr. 6hIJIU pasfiarsr pyc. rpeaanepcsna xopnyc U XVI AK, a 12(25) asr. 4-5I pyc. apxaa aasana OTXO,lJ; JII06JIUHY . .ll. 3aXBaTUJI ,lJ;0 K 6 ThIC. rrJIeHHhIX U 28 0PY,lJ;UH, rrpO,lJ;OJI)KUJInacrynnenne, nsrTa5ICh 06xBaTuTh npaasrii <pJIaHr 4-H pyc. apMuu~ 13(26) anr, BMeCTe C 4-H apMueH nepenren B nacryunenae B ceaepuoxr narrpaBJIeHUU C IJ:eJIhlO HaHeCTU nopaacenae rrpoTuBHUKY Me)K,lJ;y BUCJIOH U XOJIMOM U uaxan CTpeMUTeJIhHO pa3BUBaTh ycrrex na JIlO6JIUHCKOM nanpaanennn. IIhITa5ICh oCYIIJ:eCTBuTh ,lJ;BOHHOH OXBaT 4-R pyc. apMuu, OCHOBHhIe YCUJIU}! CKOHIJ:eHTpupoBaJI na CBoeM JIeBOM <pJIaHre. O,lJ;HaKO XVIII pyc. AK, pacnoJIO)KeHHhIH na npaaosr <pJIaHre 4-i1: pyc. apxraa, OTpa3UJI ace araxn Zl, Ha CBoeM npaeoxr <pJIaHre .ll. y,lJ;aJIOChOTTeCHUTh rpenanepcxaii xopnyc U 3aH}!Th rr03UIJ:UU na IIope BOCTOqHee Kpacnaxa. B pe3YJIhTaTe rrOCJIe,lJ;YIOIl{UX60eB .ll. CBOUM npaBhIM <pJIaHrOM 3aXBaTUJI 19(31) anr, Kpacnocras (scxope ancrpo-senrepcxne xacra BhI6uThI KOHTpY,lJ;apoM XXV pyc. AK), a 21 asr. (2 cenr.) CTaHIJ:UIO Tpasnaxn na ztopore JII06JIUHXOJIM. B nauane cenr. apMU5I .ll., npansra <pJIaHr KOTOPOR no-

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Kapnar, ,lleifcTBOBaJI rrpornn Kapnarcxoii rpynnsi 3-ii pyc apMHH. IToCJIe BCTyrrJIeHJUI B BOHHY I1TaJIHH,ll. 23.5.1915 saMeHeH rea. K. KHpx6axOM ay<p JIaYTep6axOM H na cnezryroI1IHH ,n:eHh naanasen HaqaJIhHHKOM 060pOHhI THpOJUI. PYKOBO,n:HJI BcTpo-BeHrepCKHMH BOHcKaMH, pa3BepHyTbIMH B Tpena THHO.I1TaJIMIHCKHe BOHcKa, uasan uacrynnemre B TpeHTHHO, BbIIIIJIH na JIHHHIO Bopro-Posepero-Paaa. 14.3.1916 Ha3Hasea KOMaH.llYIoIlIHM ll-ii apMHeii, pasnepnyroii B IO)KHOM THpOJIe. YqaCTBOBaJI B HacTyrrJIeHHH B TpeHTHHo (sxrecre C 3-H apMHeH rea, f. Keeecc P01l Keeecczaaay non 06IIIHM KOMaH,n:OBaHHeM spurepuora Eezeuusi B Mae 1916. Hasan aTaKY rr03HUHH rrpOTHBHHKa 15 MCUI, HO K 27 MCUInacrynnenae BbI,n:OXJIOCb, pa 3TOM ascrpo-aenrepcxae n BOHcKa rrponanaynacr, npnaepao na 10 KM. 30 MCUInacrynnenae 6bIJIO OCTaHOBJIeHO. 3aTeM HTaJI. BoiicKa rrepeIIIJIH B xoarpaacrynaeaae, H 25 HIOH5I HaqaJIC5I 06I1IIfH OTXO,n:ascrpo-aenrepcxax apMIfH B TpeHTHHO, XOT5I IfTaJIMlHuaM If He ynanocs BOCCTaHOBHTb npeacaero rrOJIO)KeHIf$l. 18.6.1916,ll. OCTaBHJI TB,ll H B $IHB. 1917 rroJIyqHJI naana-renae *arrHTaHOM 1-ro rnapzteilcxoro CTpeJIKOBOrO rrOJIKa H TaHHbIM COBeTHIfKOM. B HIOJIe 1918 CTaJI TaK)Ke KOMaH,n:YIOIIIIfM rrOJIKOBHIfKOM BceH JIeH6-rBap,n:HIf. I10cJIe BoiiHbI 3aHIfMaJI rrOCT nporexropa 06IUecTBa YBeKOBeqeHH5I rraM5ITH repoen. B 1925 CTaJI KaHUJIepOM Boennoro opnena

sea., 160py,n:Hii). Iloa aarncxoa ryp. BOMCK(0K.14TbIC. qeJI.) 14 cenr. OCTaBHJI ropozt, yrnaa cyna KacrrHHCKOH <pJIOTHJIHH. IToCJIe Myapoccxoro nepesrapaa 30.10.1918 TYPUH5I BbIBeJIa CBOH BOHCKa H3 3aKaBKa3h$l, a B Batey 6bIJIa aaeziena 17 H05l6. 39-51 rrex. 6pHra,n:a ren, Touncona, KOTOPbIH 6bIJI naanasea reHepaJI-ry6epHaTopoM ropona,

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MHCTEPBHJIJI (Dunsterville) JIHoHeJIb Hapna (18651946), aHrJI. renepan-vafiop (1918). B 1884 nocrynnn B neXOTY. CJIY)KIfJI B I1H,n:IfIf, aa cesepo-aanaanoa rparrnne, noazce - B KHTae. B nepnsre ro,n:bI BOHHbI OCTaBaJIC5IB I1H,n:HH. B KOHue 1917 rrOCTaBJIeH BO rnase rpyrmu BOHCK (xyzta BXO,n:IfJIH 6pHTaHcKHe, aBCTpaJIHHCKHe, KaHa,llCKHe If HOB03eJIaH,n:CKHe -racrn, nepesenennue B OCHOBHOM H3 Meconoraunn H C 3anaznroro rpponra), HarrpaBJIeHHOH sepea Ilepcmo B 3aKaBKasse. Bo rnase He60JIbIIIOrO orpana (OK. 1 TbIC. xen.) ,ll. cOBepIIIHJI H3 Xaxraztana 350-KM nepexozi H BhI6HJI OTP5l,n:Kpacnoii apMHH (OK. 3 TbIC. xen.) H3 EH3eJIH. B 51HB. 1918 rrpH6hIJI B Baxy B xasecrne rJIaBhI aHrJI. BoeHHOH MHCCHH. B HIOHe rro npocsfie aaepfiaiizrxcaacxoro rrpaBHTeJIbCTBa B Batey 6hIJIa BBeztena HerrOJIHCUI 6pHra.n;a 13-H aHrJI. rrex. ,n:HBH3HH (OK. 1 ThIC.
194

,llE P06EK (De Robeck) ,ll)KOH MHKa3JIb (10.6.1862 20.1.1928), aHrJI. a,llMHpaJI <pJIOTa (1925). 2-H ChIH 6apoHa,lle P06eK. B 1875 BCTyrrI1JI B BM<D. B 1912-14 a,llMHPaJI rraTpYJI5I. B MapTe 1915 3aMeHHJI 3a60JIeBIIIerO C. Kapoeua na rrOCTY KOMaH)l.YIOIIIero BMC B paiione ,llap,n:aueJIJI, xorna Y)Ke aa 18 Map'ra 6bIJIa aaanasena araxa YKperrJIeHI1H. K 3TOMY BpeMeHH BMC 6bIJII1 YCIfJIeHhI (B T.q. 'IHCJIOJIHHeHHbIX Kopa6JIeH nosenerrozto 17). Boensre CHJIhl cneztensr B 3 ,n:HBH3HH. 18 MapTa B 10'130 MHH <pJIOTBOIIIeJI B rrpOJIHB. B 11 'I 1-51,n:I1BH3H5IOTKpbIJIa oroas rro <popTaM QaHaKcKoH rr03HUHI1. XOT5I <pOPTbI He OTBeqaJIH, HO ,n:IfBH3If$l nenana nozt CHJIbHblH orons rrpOMe)KYTOqHhIX 6aTapeii. B 12'130 MHU 3-51,n:HBH3If51nasana 06CTpeJI rrpOMe)KYTOqHblX 6aTapeii. JIHHeMHbIM xopafins ~CIO<p<ppeH~ rrOJIyqHJI 3HaqHTeJIbHble rrOBpe)K,n:eHH5I, a «Ibnya» H «Bose- nonopsanacs na MHlIax (rrpaseu «Bone» 3aToHYJI). Hepes 2 saca 3-10 ,n:HBH3HIO CMeHHJIa 2-51. ITocJIe 3TOro JIHHeHHhIH xopatins ~l1ppe3HCTH6JI>'> noztopaanca na MHHe H 6hIJI ,n:06HT ornea 6aTapeH, xposre roro, T$I)KeJIble noapexcrenaa rrOJIyqHJI JIHHeHlIhlH xpeiicep ~I1H<PJIeKCH6JI>.>. 18q,ll.,n:aJI IIpHKa3 06 OCTaBJIeHIfH rrpOJIHBa. ITPH B orxozte <pJIOTa nonopsanca ua MHHe If 3aTOHYJI JIHHeiiHhlM KOpa6JIb ~OIIIeH>'>. Pa3pYIIIeHH5I na Typ. <p0pTax 6hIJIH neanasnTeJIbHhI (nontiaro 8 opyznrn). OCYIlIeCTBJI5IJI noztnepaocy BbIcamca aHrJIO-<ppaHU. necanra rea. 51. Iauumanoua, HMe51 18 JIHHeHHhIX Kopa6JIeH, 13 xpeiicepos, 36 3CKa,n:peHHhIX MHHOHOCnes If ztp. 25 arrp. lIC.qaJI onepaumo rro asrcanxe ztecanra, B xozte onepauaa anrxo-rppann. <pJIOT norepan JIIfHeMHble Kopa6JIIf 4foJIaMeT>'>, «Tpanes«]», 4Ma,ll)I{eCTHK>'>. ITocJIe aroro ,ll. YBeJI xpynnsre Kopa6JIH ua peH,n: ocrpona Myztpoc, OCTaBIfB ztecanrnsre BOHcKa 6e3 nonnepaocn <pJIOTa.ITocJIe 3TOH neynasn 6hlJIO CMeHeHO BblCIIIee KOMall,n:OBaHHe aHrJI. BM<D: Y Qep'IHJIJI5IlIa
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nOCTY 1-fO nopzta A;:J:MHpaJITeHCTBa 3aMeHHJI A. 5aJIh<PYP, a ,ll. ([JUUlepa ira nOCTY I-ro MopCKoro nopzra - f. J(:JJCeKCOll. B 1919-22 rJIaBHOKOMaH,l{YlomHu Cpe,l{H3eMHOMopCKHM, B 1922-24 - ATJIaHTHqeCKHM <pJIOTOM.

,l(E6EHH (Debeney) 3JKeH-MapH (5.1.1864, 50p-::m-5pecce - 1943), <ppaHI-\. ,l{HBH3HOHHbIH reaepan (1916). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B CeH-CHpcKOH BoeHHOH IllKOJIe (1886) H AKa,l{eMHH Iennrrafia (1909). Bsmyuren B erepcxaii 6aTaJIboH. C 1911 nporpeccop TaKTHKH B AKa.n:eMHH Ienurraoa. B aaxane BOHHbl 6bIJI naanasen HaqaJIbHHKOM nrrafia '1-H apMHH rea. O. J(106aWzR, 3aTeM B COCTaBeIemnratia apMHH. B 1915 KOMaH,l{OBaJI 57-H H 25-H nex. ,l{HBH3HHMH, BO rnase KOTOPblX OTJIHqHJICH B 60HX nozt KpenOCTh1O Bepzten. B 1916-17 KOMaH,l{Hp XXXVIII, a 3aTeM XXXII AK. 19.12.1916-4.5.1917 KOMaH,l{OBaJI 7-H apMHeH ~ 3JIh3ace, 3aTeM COCTOHJI HaqaJIbHHKOM nrrafia rJIaBHOKoMaHJzyIOIIlerona Cesepe H Cesepo- BocTOKe. C 21.12.1917 KOMaH,l{Y1OIIlHU 1-u apMHeH. Bo BpeM5i repa. HacTynJIeHH5i B MapTe 1918 aa COMMe apMHH,ll. nOHeCJIa THJKeJIOerropazcenae. K 23 MapTa C03,l{aJIaCb yrposa paspsiaa MeJK,l{y apMHeH ,ll. H coCe,l{HeH 5-H aHrJI. apMHeH, CHJIbHOH3MoTaHHoH B npensrnyumx 60HX. 26 srapra rea. <D. ([JOUl OT,l{aJInpaxas 0 HacTYnJIeHHH 1-H <ppaHU. H 5-H aHrJI. apMHH na AMbeH. K 28 MapTa yaanocs CJIOMOIllh1O CHJI 3-u <ppaHI{. apMHH JIHKBH,l{HpOBaTb paspsm BO <PPOHTe,H 5 anp. repsr. HaCTYnJIeHUe 6blJIO OCTaHOBJIeHO.B KOHne 1918 naanasea qJIeHOM Bsrcnrero soenaoro COBeTa. B 191924 HaqaJIbHHK Axanexma Ieanrratia. B 1924-30 HaqaJIbHHK Iennrraoa, PYKOBO,l{UJIpeopraaaaaunea <ppanu. apMHU. ABTop MeMyapoB «Boana U qeJIOBeK~ (1937).

a.

15-u rrex. ,l{UBU3HH, C 19.9.1903 KOMaH,l{Up 12-ro nex. BeJIUKOJlyuKoro nOJIKa. YqaCTUHK pyc.vanoncxoii BOHHbl 1904-05. C9.3.1905KOMaH,l{UP 1-H6pura.n:bl3-Mrrex. ,l{HBH3HH,C 18.8.1905 HaqaJIbnUK urrafia 2-ro CBO.ll.UOroCTpeJIKOBoro xopnyca, 3a 60eBhle OTJIHqUH narpaacten 30JIOTblM opYJKUeM (1906). C 4.8.1906 naqaJIbliUK nrrafia HOBOreOprHeBCKOH xpenocra, C 11.5.1907 HaqaJIbHUK Hoaoreoprnencxoit xperrocrnori rrex. 6pUra,l{bI. C 10.8.1910 KOMan,l{Up 2-H 6pura,l{bl 28-H nex. ,l{HBU3HU. 17.2.1913 naanasea HaqaJIbHUKOM 39-H nex. ,l{HBH3UH, C KOTOpok BCTYI1I1JIB MUPOBY1OBOMHY. C naxanoa BOHHbl ,l{HBU3UH BOIllJIa B COCTaBCapsncaasnncxoro orpsna renepan-neiirenanra [;3. Bepxvana. 20 OKT. (2 HOH6.) J{HBU3UH nepaoii nepemna 3aBuHcKYIO n03UUU1O H ,l{BuuYJIaCb B Ilaccancxyio noJIuny. Bcio BOHHY npOBeJI na KaBKa3cKoM TBa. C 19.12.1915 KOMaH,l{Hp IV Kasxaacxoro AK B COCTaBeKaBKa3cKoH apMHu. Bo BpeMH nponezenna 3p3epYMcKoH onepanna xopnycy ,ll. - B. nopyxeno rrposeneaae BcnoMOraTeJIbHOM oneparran, HMeBIlleH I{eJIb OTBJIe% TYp. soiicxa. 3( 16) <peBp. 3aH5iJI MYIll, a 17 <peBp. (2 MapTa) OTpH,l{ rea. ,ll.K. A6al.{ueea 3aXBaTUJI 5UTJIHC, B3HB OK. 1,5 TbIC. nJIeHHblX H20 0PY,l{UH. B cpaaceaan npa 3P3UH,l{)Kane ROHcKa a.-B. 6blJIH araxosanu qaCT$IMU 2-H ryp, apMUU. 23 U10JIH (5 anr.) cztan 5UTJIUC, 24 UIOJIH (6 anr.) - MYIll, a 25 H10JIH (7 asr.) OTBeJI aoiicxa aa rocyztapcrneanyio rpaHUUY· Ilpa rrposeneaaa KOHTpHacTyrrJIeHU5i B rraxane asr; rrepenren B araxy no <PPOHTYH 10(23) asr; BHOBb 3amIJI MYIll. B U1Onecenr, 1917 oznroapesreuno speaenno UCnOJInHJI 06H3auHocTu xosranzryioutero KaBKa3CKOH apMueH. I1bITaJICH npaaarr, JKeCTKHe MepbI no YKpenJIeHH10 ,l{UCUUnJIUnbl B apMHu. B OKT. 1917 C,l{aJIKOMaH,l{OBaHUeapMueH reH.I1.3. Oouiuenuose, OCTaBIllUCb BO rnaee csoero xopnyca,

a.-B.

,l(E-BHTI BJIa.n:UMHP BJIa.n:UMUPOBUq (15.1.1859 - ?), pyc. renepan OT un<paHTepuH (8.9.1917). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqUJI BO 2-M KOHcTaHTHnoBcKoM yqHJIuIIle (1879) U HUKOJIaeBCKOH aKa,l{eMUU Ienurratia (1887). Bsmyruea 11.5-10 rpenaztepcxyio 6aTape1O, 3aTeM nepeneztea B 3-10 rBap,l{eHCKY1O U rpenanepcKy10 apr. 6pura.n:y. C 26.11.1887 CTapUIHH azrsioranr mrafia VI AK, C 4.5.1889 no 25.10.1890 COCTOHJIl{JIH OC06bIX nopysenati , npa nrratie VIII AK. C 3.12.1893 urrati-odranep ,l{JIH nopysenHH npa urratie O,l{eCCKOro BO. C 5.4.1900 HaqaJIbHHK urratia
196

,l(EfH3 (Deguis) BUKTOP (1855-1922), 6eJIbrHHCKUH reaepan, CJIyJK6y na-ran B 1877 JIeHTeHanTOM UUJK.BOHCK.C 1888 nporpeccop <P0pTu<puKaunu 6eJIbrHHCKOH BoeHHoH aKa.n:eMUH. B 1909-11 KOMaH,l{YloIllIIH UnJKeHepaMII B Bproccene, C 1911 nnpexrop <P0pTH<pHKaUHH III noennoro oxpyra. C HaqaJIOM BOHnhl 8.9.1914 CMeHUJI ren, ,ll1O<pypa ita nOCTY soeanoro ry6epHaTopa Aaraepnena, rapHH30H KOTOPOro COCTaBJI5IJI TbIC. 55 xen. (BMecTo 77 TbIC. no M06HJIH3aUllOunoMY nnany). Ilpezt197

npHHRJI aaeprnsnsre MepbI K BOCCTaHOBJIeHHIO H3HOllleHHblX YKpenJIeHHH. IIocJIe naztenna JIbeJKa 6eJIbmHCKM apMHR nozi aanopox npOTHBHHKa OTOlllJIa K AHTBepneHY H nepemna nozt KOMaH,n:OBaHHe B nozrsanenan KOTOPOro T.O. OKa3aJIOCb OK. 135 TbIC. qeJI. PelllHTeJIbHbIMH ,n:eHcTBHaMH COPBaJI nomrnca repx. apMHH B3aTb xperrocrs cxony 27 cenr. npOTHBHHK HaqaJI ofintee HaCTynJIeHHe, 3aXBaTHB BpaCnJIOx. O,n:HOBpeMeHHO xpenocrs nozraeprnacs pa3pYlllHTeJIbHOH 60M6ap,n:HpOBKe ocaa110ft apTHJIJIepHH. K 8 OKT. repxr. BOHCKa 3aHaJIH HeCKOJIbKO <pOPTOBH KOMaH,n:yIO~HH ren. [ <pOHBesenep nOCTaBHJI YJIbTHMaTYM, qTO B0306HOBHT 60M6ap,n:HpoBKY ropozta, eCJIH OCTaBunreca <pOPTbI He cztaztyrca, Ilon ,n:aBJIeHHeMrpaJK,n:aHCKHX BJIacreii OT,n:aJI pmcaa 0 cztaxe <pOPTOB,a 3aTeM casr cztanca repn MaHI~aM. Bonsnraa qaCTb rapHH30Ha CMOrJIa YHTH B rOJIJIaH,n:HIO, rzte 6bIJIa HHTepHHpoBaHa. 10 OKT. B AHTBepneH scrynana 6-51 repa, pesepnaaa ,n:HBH3HR.

a.,

a.

a.

(II If VII AK; OCHOBHOH: ztap HaHOCHJIa 10-51 apsraa), npaasni y <pJIaHr naxa» onepaumo 19 HIOJIa. 18 HIOJIR qaCTH npozmrrnYJIHCb na 5 KM, C03,n:aByrposy ssrxona BOCTOqHee Cyaccona. B pe3YJIbTaTe repsr. KOMaH,n:OBaHHe6blJl0 BbIHYJK,n:eHOnpexpaTHTb nepefipocxy BOHCK BO <l>JIaH,n:pHIo H nanpasars 4,n:HBI13HH B parion Cyaccona. Bcxope resm nacrynneana <ppaH~. BOHCK aaxan CHHJKaTbCa H 4 asr. KOHTpHacTynJIeHHe rrpexpaTHJIOCb. <l>aKTHqeCKH <pJIaHroBbIH yaap penmn HCXO,n:cpaJKeHHR. B 1918 nexoropoe spesra COCTOaJI <ppaH~. BoeHHbIM npencraaarenexr rrpn 6eJIbrHH:CKOM KOpOJIe Allb6epme I H, 6y,n:yqH Ha3HaqeHHbIM HaqaJIbHHKOM urrafia rpyrmsr apMlfH ~<I>JIaH,n:pHa~, <paKTHqeCKH PYKOBO,n:HJIee ,n:eHCTBH5IMH. C OKT. 1919 KOMaH,n:yIOI~HH PeHHCKOH: oKKyna~HOHHOH: apMl1eH:. C 1920 qJIeH Bsrcmero soennoro COBeTa. Onnospexrenno C aHB. 1923 no H05I6. 1924 rJIaBnOKoMan,n:yIO~HH oxxynanaoaasnor <ppaH~. BOHCKaMI1, 3anaBIllHMH PypCKYIO 06JIaCTb Iepsranaa.

a.

a.

,lJ;EfYTf (Degoutte) )KaH-MapH-)K03e<p (18.4.1866, IIIapHH, POHa - no 1938), <ppaHl~. ,n:HBH3HOHHbIH renepan (anp. 1917). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyql1JI B CeH-CHpcKOH BoeHHOH IllKOJIe (1890) H AKa,n:eMHI1 Iennrrafia (1895). B 1887 BCTynl1JI BOJIOHTepOM B 30-H apr, nOJIK; C 1890 cy6-JIeHTeHaHT 4-ro nOJIKa 3yaBOB. CJIYJKI1JI aa Maztaracxape, rne 3aHI1MaJI nOCT a,n:MI1HHCrparopa paiiona MaHYHra. YqaCTHI1K KHTaHCKOH 3Kcne,n:H~1111 1900. C 1911 CJIYJKI1JIB Mapoxxo, rzte C 1913 KOMaH,n:OBaJI6PHraztoii. B 1914 HaqaJIbHM.K nrrafia IV AK, C KOTOPbIM scrynan B BOHHY. B naxane BOHHbI B 1914-15 HaqaJIbHI1K urrafia 4-H apMHI1. B 1916 HaqaJIbHI1K Mapoxxancxoii ,n:I1BH31111, CqI1TaBIlleHca o,n:nOH 113JIyqIllI1X qaCTeH: <pPaJ-I~.apMI1I1, C KOTOPOHycnemno ,n:eHCTBOBaJI 60ax na COMMe 11B IIIaMnaHI1. IIPHHAA BbI,n:aB ioiueeca ysacrae B npOH3Be,n:enHOM no npmcasy rea, A. Tlemsua nacrynneaan nozt KpenOCTbIO Bepnen 20-26 asr; 1917, OKOHqHBilleMCR orcrynneaaea repsr. BOHCK na nepsoaauansnue n03H~H. B xonne 1917 nOJIyqHJI naanaxenae KOMaH,n:HpoM XXI AK, C KOTOPbIM OTJIHqHJICa B 60ax npn MaJIbMe30ne. C mOHR 1918 KOMaH,n:yIO~I1H 6-H apMl1eH, KOTOPM BMeCTe C 10-H apMHeH COCTaBJIaJIa rpynny pesepaa non 06~HM KOMaH,n:OBaHHeM ren, M. cPaUOJlR. Bo spesrs 2-ro CpaJKeHHR na Mapne 18 mOM nepenren B aacrynnenae CHJIaMH csoero nesoro <pJIaHra

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·1.

,lJ;EJIbBMf Cepreii HHKOJIaeBJ1q (4.7.1866 - 1944, A<PPHxa), pyc. reHepaJI-JIeH:TeHaHT (8.1.1916). 06pa30BaHHe nOJIyqHJI B MHXaHJIOBCKOM apr. yqHJIH~e (1886) H MHXaHJIOBCKOH apr, aKa,n:eMHH(1891). Bsnrymen a 1-10 apr, 6PHra.n:y. C 13.11.1899 KOMan,n:Hp nemeii 6aTapeH o<pH~epcKoH apt. IllKOJIbI, C 15.5.1906 nOMO~HHK HaqaJIbHHKa IllKOJIbI. C 24.1.1909 xosraaztap 24- H: apr, fiparazrsr, C 26.1.1914 nncnexrop apTHJIJIepHH IX AK. 25.9.1914 narpazcren opneaou CB. Ieoprna 4-H CTeneHH. IlocJIe B3aTHa ancrp. xpenocra Ilpexsnuns 19.4.1915 naaaaxen ee KOMeH,n:aHTOM.8.6.1915 nepenezten B pacnopaacenae rJIaBHOKOMaH,n:yIO~ero apMHaMH IOro-3ana,n:Horo <ppoHTa. C 20.10.1915 KOMaH,n:Hp XL AK (BIIll). C 20.4.1916 HHcneKTOp apTHJIJIepHH apMHH IOro-3ana,n:Horo <ppoHTa. YcneillHo PYKOBO,n:HJI ,n:eHCTBHaMH apTHJIJIepHH <ppoHTa BO speset T.H. npYCHJIOBcKoro npopsma, IIocJIe OKT. 1917 nocrynan na CJIyJK6y B YKpaHIICKyIO apMHIO. C KOH~a 1917 no <peBp. 1918 ancrrexrop apTHJIJIepHH Ienepansnoro BOH:CKoBOro nrrafia. B MapTe 1918 BepHyJICa B Kaes, PYKOBO,n:HJIopraaaaanaeii ynpannenaa apTHJIJIepHH npa rerxrane Il.Il. Cxoponancxoa. C ztex, 1918 Y C. IIeTJIIOpbI B apMHH YHP. 1.6.1919 npH6blJl B IIOJIbillY lIJIa neperoaopos OT HMeHH aHpeKTopHH. 21.6.1919 rrozmncan norosop, no KOTOPOMY B T.q. BOCCTaHOBJIeHa ,n:eMapKa~HoHHaa JII1HHa MeJK,n:y
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198